Mobile Backhaul using GPON Luke Goh Snr Project Systems Engineer May 2010
Mobile Backhaul Trends
•
Base stations deployments increasing
•
Greater backhaul needs (more Mbps) per base station
Annual Voice minutes growing > 5% /year Data users growing (>20% ARPU by 2011) •
Backhaul pricing pressure
15% of OPEX growing to 25% •
Mixed IP and TDM traffic
ODN – Centralized vs Cascade • GPON uses optical power splitting to reduce the distribution cable at the ODN • ODN (Optical Distribution Network) based on centralized splitting that serves well for FTTH typical application may not be suitable for Mobile backhauling application Centralized ODN
OLT
Optical Splitter ONU #3 F1 Feeder Cable
ONU #2 ONU #1
GPON Cascade ODN
OLT
Optical Splitter
F1 Feeder Cable
ONU #3 ONU #2 ONU #1
GPON
3GPP Rel 4 and 5 Signaling & Traffic
3GPP Release 4 Old MSC, Now Softswitch
Release 4 Goals: - Separate user data from signaling - Allow subrate transport through wireless network
VLR MSC Server
BSS (GSM, GPRS) BTS
BTS
BSC
ATM or IP
Media Gateway
ATM
PCU
GMSC Server
MAP
MAP
Megaco H.248
BSC
ISUP over IP
HLR
RTP
SGW
ISUP over PCM
PSTN
Megaco H.248
Media Gateway
PCM 64 kbps
13 kbps
ATM
Traffic Signaling
Node B
Node B
SGSN
RNC
FA
ATM
RNC UTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network)
GGSN
Public Internet FW
FA AAA Serve r Packet-Switched Core (IP)
HA
Private Internet
3GPP Release 5 – All IP
VLR
Megaco H.248
IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem (IMS)
GMSC Server
MSC Server ATM or IP
Megaco H.248
Media Gateway
Media Gateway
PSTN
RTP
MGCF SGW SIP
HSS = Home Subscriber Service = HLR + AuC + “SIP stuff”
ISUP over PCM
BGCF
HSS
SGW CSCF
ISUP over PCM
Legacy Network
R
Node B
RNC
SGSN
R
IP Backbone R
R
GGSN R
Internet
SIP Client Traffic Signaling
GPON E1 TDM circuit emulation
●
GPON supports E1 TDM circuit emulation as it is ATM based
●
Enable GPON to support GSM Rel 99 or 3GPP Rel 4 which has both
E1 ATM and Ethernet for PSU ● E1 TDM circuit emulations are typically SATOP (Structured Agnostic TDM Over IP) or CESoIP (Circuit Emulation over IP)
RNC
E1 TDM
GPON w 32 x E1 TDM
Splitter
ONT w 8 x E1 TDM E1 TDM
ONT w 8xE1 TDM
Node B
FSB-16 Indoor/Outdoor OLT
E1 TDM
Node B E1 TDM
GPON Specifics
GPON G 984.2 Burst-Mode Timing Optical Splitter
OLT
ONU #3 F1 Feeder Cable
ONU #2 ONU #1
GPON
Relative received optical power
Typical data pattern received in conventional deployment
ONU #1
Guard Time
ONU #3
ONU #2
Guard Time
Guard Time between consecutive burst avoids packet collision i.e. 25.6 ns FTTX Concepts and Applications, Gerd Keiser, Wiley
Effect of large distance variations of ONU at OLT Optical Splitter
OLT
F1 Feeder Cable
Distant ONU #3 Intermediate ONU #2
GPON
Nearby ONU #1
Relative received optical power
Large distance variations of ONU result in different signal power loss at the OLT
Nearby ONU #1
Up to 15 dB
Distant ONU #3 Guard Time
Intermediate ONU #2
Guard Time
Optical Signal Pattern Levels that may arrive at an OLT FTTX Concepts and Applications, Gerd Keiser, Wiley Fiber To The Home, The New Empowerment, Paul Green Jr, Wiley
Relative received optical power
GPON G 984.2 ONU Power Level Modes
Reduce by 3-6dB with power control Nearby ONU #1
Up to 15 dB Distant ONU #3
Guard Time
Intermediate ONU #2
Guard Time
Optical Signal Pattern Levels that may arrive at an OLT
•
G 984.2 defines ONU power control of the laser transmit with 3 power level modes
•
Mode 1 – normal mode
•
Mode 2 – 3 dB lower than Mode 1
•
Mode 3 – 6 dB lower than Mode 2
FTTX Concepts and Applications, Gerd Keiser, Wiley Fiber To The Home, The New Empowerment, Paul Green Jr, Wiley
GPON Distributed Topologies
Fan-out Star Topology for 32 Node B 1x4 star to 1x8 split
1x8 1x8
GPON
OLT
1x8
1x4 1x8
Linear Topology for 7 Node B 1x4 to 1x4
7 Node B
OLT
GPON
1x4
1x4
Linear Topology for 5 Node B 1x2 to 1x2
5 Node B
OLT
GPON
1x2
1x2
1x2
1x2
Asymmetrical Linear Star for 14 Node B 1x4 to 1x4 to 1x2
14 Node B
1x2 1x2
1x4 1x4
OLT GPON
1x2
Asymmetrical Linear Star for 11 Node B 1x8 to 1x4 split
11 Node B
OLT GPON
1x8
1x4
How far can they go?
Splitter insertion & fiber optic loss
•
Fiber Loss Table
Wavelength
Loss/km (dB)
Loss/mi (dB)
Band
– 1550 nm
0.25
0.40
C
– 1490 nm
0.28
0.48
S
– 1310 nm
0.40
0.64
O
(NOTE: Wavelengths used in BPON, EPON, & GPON.)
Connector & fusion splicing loss •
Connector Loss Table Type – SC/APC
Loss (dB)
Fusion Splice Loss (dB)
<0.20 – 0.25
0.2 ((± 0.05dB)
pigtails pigtails
Fusion Splice Tray
OSP from RNC FSB-16 Indoor/Outdoor Fiber Splitter Box
Fusion Splice Tray
OSP to Node B
FSB-16 has 2xsplicings (2x0.2 = 0.4dB) with 2 connector pairs (2x0.5 = 1.0 dB) Total: 1.4dB ≈ 2.0 dB
Fan-out Star Topology for 32 Node B 1x4 star to 1x8 split
1x8 1x8
GPON
OLT
1x8
1x4 1x8
Fan-out Star Topology for 32 Node B 1x4 star to 1x8 split Max link budget possible = 28-(7.2+2.0+10.3+2.0) = 6.50 dB - 3 dB margin = 3.50 dB/0.4 @1310nm = 8.75 km Max attenuation between RED and BLUE ONU should not exceed 15 dB
1x8
1x8
Splitter -10.3dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
1x8 Splitter -10.3dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
GPON
1x4 OLT
28 dB link budget
Splitter -7.2dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
1x8
Linear Topology for 7 Node B 1x4 to 1x4
7 Node B
OLT
GPON
1x4
1x4
Linear Topology for 7 Node B 1x4 to 1x4 Max link budget possible = 28-(7.2+2.0+7.2+2.0) = 9.6dB – 3 dB margin = 6.6 dB/0.4 @1310nm = 16.5 km
Max attenuation between RED and BLUE ONU should not exceed 15 dB
OLT
GPON
28 dB link budget
1x4 Splitter -7.2dB
FSB-16 -2.0 dB
1x4 Splitter -7.2dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
Linear Topology for 5 Node B 1x2 to 1x2
5 Node B
OLT
GPON
1x2
1x2
1x2
1x2
Linear Topology for 5 Node B 1x2 to 1x2 Max link budget possible = 28-(3.7+2.0+3.7+2.0+3.7+2.0+3.7+2.0) = 5.2dB – 3 dB margin = 2.2 dB/0.4 @1310nm = 5.5 km
Max attenuation between RED and BLUE ONU should not exceed 15 dB
OLT
GPON
28 dB link budget
1x2
1x2
Splitter -3.7dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
1x2
1x2
Splitter -3.7dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
Asymmetrical Linear Star for 14 Node B 1x4 to 1x4 to 1x2
14 Node B
1x2 1x2
1x4 1x4
OLT GPON
1x2
Asymmetrical Linear Star for 14 Node B 1x4 to 1x4 to 1x2 split Max link budget possible = 28-(7.2+2.0+7.2+2.0+3.7+2.0) = 3.9 dB – 3 dB margin = 0.9 dB/0.4 @1310nm = 2.25 km Max attenuation between RED and BLUE ONU should not exceed 15 dB
1x2
1x2
1x2
Splitter -3.7dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
1x4 1x4
OLT Splitter -7.2dB GPON
28 dB link budget
FSB-16 -2.0 dB
Splitter -7.2dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
1x2 Splitter -3.7dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
Asymmetrical Linear Star for 11 Node B 1x8 to 1x4 split
11 Node B
OLT GPON
1x8
1x4
Asymmetrical Linear Star for 10 Node B 1x8 to 1x4 split Max link budget possible = = = =
28-(10.3+2.0+7.2+2.0) 6.5 dB – 3 dB margin 3.5 dB/0.4 @1310nm 8.75 km
Max attenuation between RED and BLUE ONU should not exceed 15 dB
OLT GPON
28 dB link budget
1x8 Splitter -7.2dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
1x4
Splitter -7.2dB FSB-16 -2.0 dB
How much Up Stream bandwidth?
Fan-out Star Topology for 32 Node B 1x4 star to 1x8 split – US bandwidth
US-32Mbps
1x8 1x8
GPON
OLT
US-1 Gbps
1x8
1x4
US-32Mbps
1x8
Linear Topology for 7 Node B 1x4 to 1x4 - US Bandwidth
7 Node B
US-64 Mbps
OLT
GPON US-1 Gbps
US-64 Mbps
US-256 Mbps
1x4
1x4
US-64 Mbps US-64 Mbps
US-256 Mbps US-256 Mbps
Linear Topology for 5 Node B 1x2 to 1x2 - US Bandwidth
5 Node B
US-128 Mbps
US-64 Mbps
US-512 Mbps
OLT
GPON US-1 Gbps
1x2
1x2
1x2
US-256 Mbps
1x2 US-64 Mbps
Asymmetrical Linear Star for 14 Node B 1x4 to 1x4 to 1x2 split – US bandwidth
14 Node B US-32 Mbps US-128 Mbps
US-32 Mbps
US-128 Mbps US-32 Mbps
US-128 Mbps
1x2 1x2
1x4 1x4
OLT GPON US-1 Gbps
1x2
Asymmetrical Linear Star for 11 Node B 1x8 to 1x4 split – US bandwidth 11 Node B US-128 Mbps
US-32 Mbps
US-32 Mbps US-128 Mbps US-32 Mbps
OLT GPON
1x8
1x4
GPON Network Protection
GPON G 984.1 Network Protection Schemes BPON G 983.1/5 Optical Splitter
Electrical
Main Feeder Cable E/O
Spare Feeder Cable
Type A (Spare Feeder Fiber) Optical Splitter
Electrical
E/O
Frame loss switch-over
E/O
Feeder Cable Feeder Cable
Optical Splitter
E/O
50 ms switch-over
E/O
Electrical
ONU re-range switch-over
● ● ●
Electrical ONU re-range switch-over
ONU ONU
Electrical Frame loss switch-over
● ● ●
Electrical
Type B (Duplicate OLT)
Electrical
ONU
Frame loss switch-over
ONU
ONT E/O
Electrical
E/O
50 ms switch-over
● ● ● E/O
Electrical
E/O
50 ms switch-over
Type C (Duplicate OLT, Redundant ONT) ONT FTTX Concepts and Applications, Gerd Keiser, Wiley Fiber To The Home, The New Empowerment, Paul Green Jr, Wiley
GPON G 984.1 Network Protection Schemes Type A – Spare Feeder Fiber
Plug and Play 2x16, 2x32 Splitter
Optical Splitter
Electrical
Main Feeder Cable E/O
Spare Feeder Cable
Type A (Spare Feeder Fiber)
FTTX Concepts and Applications, Gerd Keiser, Wiley Fiber To The Home, The New Empowerment, Paul Green Jr, Wiley
ONU Electrical
● ● ●
ONU re-range switch-over
Electrical ONU
ONU re-range switch-over
GPON G 984.1 Network Protection Schemes Type B – Duplicate OLT
Plug and Play 2x16, 2x32 Splitter
Optical Splitter
Electrical
E/O
Frame loss switch-over
E/O
Feeder Cable Feeder Cable
Fiber To The Home, The New Empowerment, Paul Green Jr, Wiley
● ● ●
Electrical Frame loss switch-over
Electrical
Type B (Duplicate OLT)
FTTX Concepts and Applications, Gerd Keiser, Wiley
ONU
ONU
Frame loss switch-over
GPON G 984.1 Network Protection Schemes Type C (Duplicate OLT, Redundant ONT)
Plug and Play 1x2, 1x4, 1x8, 1x16, 1x32 Splitter
Optical Splitter
Electrical
E/O
50 ms switch-over
E/O
ONT E/O
Electrical
E/O
50 ms switch-over
● ● ● E/O
Electrical
E/O
50 ms switch-over
Type C (Duplicate OLT, Redundant ONT) ONT
FTTX Concepts and Applications, Gerd Keiser, Wiley Fiber To The Home, The New Empowerment, Paul Green Jr, Wiley
Implications of Network Protection •
Using G.684.1 Type A and B means limiting choice of ODN to 2x16 and 2x32 splitters – 2x16 & 2x32 has higher insertion loss
•
G.684.1 Type C not economical for mass deployment
•
Network protection is considered for high profile events coverage.
•
Do nothing, handset will automatically hand-over to nearest base station when the active base station drops out due to GPON outage
ADC Product Portfolio Mobile Backhaul using GPON
FSB–16 Indoor/Outdoor Enclosure Features and Benefits • Rated for indoor or outdoor use • Traditional Swing Frame Design allows for Access to the Back Section of the Wall Box • Splitter can be Easily Installed After Wall Box Install • Standard 12 Fiber Splice Tray Allows for Input Splicing Option • Output Pigtails can either be Stored Internally or routed Externally for MDU-ONT connection • 16 Adapter Capacity Provides Flexibility
FSB–72 Outdoor Enclosure Features and Benefits •
Traditional Swing Frame Design allows for Access to the Back Section of the Wall Box
•
Splitters can be Easily Installed After Wall Box Install
•
Standard 12 Fiber Splice Tray Allows for Input Splicing Option
•
Accommodates up to 3 PNP splitter modules
•
Utilizes sliding pack technology
•
Up to 72 live port capacity with 32 parking spaces
•
Easily wall mounts to buildings
•
Accepts standard PNP splitter (same as FDH 3000)
Plug & Play (PnP) splitter modules
Easy “Snap-In” Requiring No Tools
2mm RBR Pigtail Outputs SC/APC Connectorized Input Pigtail Parking Spots for all Spare Ports Protected module for outstand plant use
Questions?
[email protected]
Thank you!
