Bi
at hiese hi ese
A h : u en en da ~e s Ti
,""
Qu Se
" "." . "
."
14 ." ." ." ."
."
6,
""
IIusi(!l~n, usi(!l~n,
La
"" ."
or
ue
""
:la
PIl![dL~"da_s PIl![dL~"da_s
ii
~ ,F ,F J o :
.' ;'
i.''''''',I iiI i Iii
,.
.'~·"'''''Ii'Ii'.
. i
I . I
'iIit.";io " ;io
I.
iI''''''+'-I;'1i
iI
;I.,..
,•
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' i " ;t ;+ I I I
•,•
II; "++
, .... , •
3 nc nc aD aD t a do do r a ,
MaHi!.te~ s ,a ,a u ni ni Je Je ·
22
.,
24
_ , CUb'il ;.r;• ;•.•• ••
()
•.•• •.••
28
Reru.e·rdos
Pepa, ""........"" ........""." ." """,, """,,." "".."" "" ""." ""." ." "."" "."" •.,.,." , .,."."". ""..".. .."..•" •"". ". 1 3 1P 1P a f n e l"l" , d e Pepa,
Lo:iL
Puerto Rico Co
,,42;
on a" · . 8 : ·a "'l'~
' . . .... .... ..;r;,· ..es.o e s.o N~~ ...... ..
."
."
."
.,
.,." .,."
." ,, ,. ." ,, ."
.,
,, ." .""., ."".,., .,4 1 : 6
Ga r8-to ..."".".... ..."".".... ".""....".""..."".. ".""....".""...""..". "....""."",, ...""."",,..."."",, ...""."",,.."."",,..""."",, . .""."",,.""."",,..".""",,.""." Ca.ri,oca Ca.ri,oca """""" ...."".""....""."" ....""."".... .... "".""... "".""... ""."".. "".""..""."",, ""."",, ...""."",,.. .."", "", .. ""."" "". ""..."".".... ..."". ".... ".,. ... ..."54 ..."54
'Que
a . ? ' . " " " " . "." . " ."." " . " . . " " . "
C:ruz Perig:o!
•,
" " . " " " .". " " . .". " " . " " ,.,. " . "
•,
" " .". " " ,.," " . " " ,.,. " . " " " ,.," " . "
.,
•,
[0
ater aterla lale le prot protet etto to da copy copyri righ gh
," Yo, BeI.a D~Jt,e 'Q
""
Ii
Mm.porb]:
l)
70
'.
'0
Quien. Quien. S,;i S,;i'l'lbe, be, .,., .,.,., .,., ., .,., .,.,., .,., ., .,., .,.,., .,., .,." ." .,., .,.,., .,., .,., ., .,., .,.,., .,." ."., .,., ., .,., .,.,., .,., ., .,." .,."., .,., .,." ."., .,." ."." ." .,." .,."., .,., .,." ." .,73 .,73
S eb e b a .s .s t a n
J ieie ;
lo
S p lO lO J i
...", " , ,;;.... ,;;....,.," ,.," ;.;....,' ;.;....,' ,....... ,.......," ," ,.;,;.,." ,.;,;.,." ";.....,'" ";.....,'",;..,."",;; ,;..,."",;;.... ....,'" , '" ,.....," , " ";;""" ...7'·4 7 '·4
,6
Will
SA ''''
ince incent nt:e :e
"""" """"
,,,. """ ,..,,,, ,..,,,,,, ,,,.., ,..,,,," ,,," ,..,."" ,..,."""" "",." 78
reco reco -._.Ar: -._.Ar:ge ge tina tina
An~elmo R O : 3 e : D d o (M~~tld~2\\a1a~)
Atg:!;::ll:t1ni!i.1
E'~ Angel v iU iU o i
&ge~nl!ina
E~.Sgu~:il:Hlt'ZO Sgu~:il:Hlt'ZO
'·'..
M• •• ••
••
·•• •• •• •• .• •• •• •• •• •. •• •• •• •• •. •• •• •• •• .• •. •• •• •• •• •. •• •• ••
•• •• •• .•
89
nt
:2
ater aterla lale le prot protet etto to da copy copyri righ gh
P lA lA N
US
LAT AMER (Latin Syncopations o r K e yh y h oa oa r sYJlC,(lpo:!!k:dpia:~:to
'Th~s co]l~ctiOD, s h o w : c a S i ~ S th
L1I.t[n Amenc:a:n. (l,lillr1ng
rlythms brQughtto
illt feiltut~s La.tin t h y t h m 5 j w b : ~ e i h a!1e' r e : , , . . l ] y . A f r i c a n
l-wentietbaenbui.es.
an a.pp a.pph~ h~dt dt
th~
Europe-,m
The.se r'hythms cO]~Jn;"~:5ts.The.se
'Tbe~r'veb~:
wi d,esprre
p rrtt 'o'o f ou ou n
t lflf lu lu e 1 ooee ' a n t h
re v a ~ e
C[BJ C[BJim imed edt. t.hi hie:.i! e:.i!1t 1tad adii ii in~e in~e
th.~ m u
c~ ma
f go go X 'o up up s
Be
is th
W"\"i]l
a s a g t im im . e
.Ame
~f
and 'Urll,g:uay and mo'et
Hi'~-edSt-'1Ws. eny Roll
Bu~n ke 'T1~Bu~n
Vist Vista. a. Soc' Soc'li lia] a]cl~b.jT ltIb.e only
w a y ~ h .e . e s £ as a s d na na H n @ ! : h y tb tb m s
()s~ ()s~~i ~i1l 1l;y ;y was whe'lJic~ass:icany b:a:ined: G~Trn. G~Trn.pos pos!~l !~lsin sinc:o c:orpm rpm:'i :'ilte lteJlh Jlhem em
fo
nl
{toifir.
sQun sQund~ d~': ':!l !lec ecal al'J 'Jln lng: g: devi devioe oe.s .s in th la!t la!t 1800s
capt captur ur.c .c
s]av·@·,s
80 is thedTihisiory.
an
&gentina
d .i. i itit lC l C e : ,S ,S .o.o · f S o u ll ll iiii ln ln d . C e nt nt ra ra l Am,urk,a,a$
Mono Mo no
the A:m@'rl'cas
V Q l~ l~ H o ' o~iPopula.:r m u
bu ,~ soin t b . e United. Sta:~e$" 16(-; mOist obvious offshoots: t h e ata t h .e.e t p o pi p i i:i: .i.i J lili iiii :
earh
were
tbe~: music. music. In J,oin:~ :50
int
Latin Am.l..'l\r.lClans(oHow-eJ. the-e:xamp]a of ElltropGa:D~CIOlmpos~:rs:wh bmug bmught ht fon~ D ~ J : n g tthh { l n b w te te en en 'l'l ;
.ea:r.ly twentieth
an
came
Wo;l.S
th
da. tl ce
born
lin tlb. tlb.el el
musieiens, ilnd ilnd so th
conr conr aJBl aJBlna na:e :e
quic quickl kl pi ke .:
tb
B O O ! AfJ:ican
the time, the Fnmch CO,tlt~pjzas F ra ra c c e a n d . S pa pa in in . d:lllnngth.e .li ' 10 10 0 [ Frenc1
most popu~ar
up Afrl Afrlca ca
plantationo'WI!JIitIS
:ba.:n.ds in Cu:ba e m p l ' ( Y Y ' e , ~ 1 Af:ci.c
r!hy r!hyt. t.hm hms. s. Tbe! Tbe!l" l"el el:" :"hy hytb tbrn rnia ia inno innova vati tian anS! S!lo loon on
Q ba b a ~ e a . m ea ea n b1lowtl. a s h ''Q
r.byt:1: 1:m, m, r.a.'e r.a.'elbar lbar,tb.an a:nysp~dfia da.:!1c~ des:c:ri des:c:riheJ.. heJ.. ,abas:i, ,abas:i,c, c, r.byt:
l!sica.[ slmctw~, It
from H a va va nO nO l
lbe same [~ythmnow'
tenn
[0
a"5soc;ia~d.
a n d . ~a:jj(:;e1ii:~. is[ptead througboii1t th.e Ametlca~
the ta:t1go E1[1_xop~1 w~ere they
were were vari variou ousl sl)' )'
~a.n 9OSam 9OSam erican os or simp:ly h a b r , u r . . e r i J s , If
ci'!.]I~d o o l1l 1 tm tm J a r Z K l S h
in~e:rescl:ingr o n . o o o t b a . t
biJrll
rbyt1mtwenty
Th.c- Cuban
eal!:l~ta~
evenh.
To OlLl OlLlts tsid id,e ,ers rs,p ,p.b,es .b,es danc dances es an.d an.d.: .:th thet etI: I: mU!l mU!lia iabe beca cam. m.
h a~ a~ k
~y:ncopa.t~J, com.posHion:a,
Cut!i.A~
H!lVan4r
l~ popular
Engl Engl nd
dia.n(]!f:S dia.n(]!f:S from
c,olonie:s," .A,l 'tbatHm.e,
C.ani C.anibea bea
f!ls f!lsna na
d o m i na:l:ed soci.-:!ldance
with
in
] , r o 1 u g h t to C 1 ! L b a in t l l J e 1'790:s d~,!tr.inghe Frencb
W€l:t:'t€
l'e'vo[m
a:
W;'li~
th popu popula la 50cia.~dance music:
!1eal?' !1eal?'ply plyln~ ln~ new rffiJythms
(!l::lopO:aJancJes). T1.. ese' were origrniilHY'!olk T h es es e
which
haba'l1?r<;l~
anJ.Inf]u.enn.al
Urug U,iY1r I'u(!(i:to Riclo a:ndMe·xico,
zit A r g l e . l 1 ! t i r n a
m o ~ . imporbltlt gem:e; tnU:lllct.am! 1n Cuba
Genrul'l.e~! the most interesting
conl conlra rada da:n :nza za
line line.s .s MIl
e:!]fa e:!]fadn dn
WiU;
.amenC..:7l1rljf trJl'IfN' hfJ~n~ras'r
aSSlocia:l1ed.wi~1t'bi5
:6a1a.nera.
70s" t 1 . e 'ill 70s" composeJ. i l l . e i t h ( l o r
'_"
daJ1~
w'cm w'cmlt ltun ungo go
At
were were 'twn 'twn-p -par artf tf 32-1artunas
In wh]. wh].ch ch 'the 'the c"ou c"oupl ple: e:sfOl sfOlfm fmee-diw diw
th
baJ1eras,
wo en
2/4 o.r 6/R These w - e : r e group dances
"['h "['he· e· op oupl oupler erni ni a, ed
'tbe 'tbe di ncei ncei imitilil::ed
.p
hne,
'"t" !.(iiPI?Qi51Wn
tn
Ilndl aa:!J!oe-.nne,.,:
every,onewa'8
W,
me
Jatu:, Jatu:,ing ing,. ,. T1.ere T1.ere wa'a· wa'a··oh ·ohe!l e!l1Cl 1ClOll Olllpe lpel:c l:ciii iiion onfo· fo· who w"QuMI
ruell'Ci
" ' 6 '' a ,
IU lOll,...,ng1!lr~s",
Ii.
w~reo~}t
fe,t,,, r l C U . a . m.I r
to ~ b i l l . ' ] l : S j e the f.i~ill:~~ t h . a i h : h . " ! l l J 1 e e n . :!!etby th!e ,to:p couple. T1l.ese dla:n,G~ :fig'i[:I.1'e.s. e:re ~ h n d a : t
o da da y ~ :
s qu qu a r
d a n e c ,.,. e: e: x c 1 ep ep t ' ~ ba ba .t.t t1 t1 e C IO IO l jjjj p ],], eWlere eWlere arr.an;ged. in hnes
'T mode modern rn pIay pIayeT eT!> !>rhe rhe musi musi hB J.
and.
a '~ '~ 1
ba
the in th
o ".1~1 m e r a a :n :n C~ C~ I S
to w h
W"o
see
square '~orma.Ho
fo t'he t'he:; :;!' !' cont contr· r·Bl BlJi JiEI EI.\ .\I1 I1Z; Z;il ilSS SSee eem~ m~ ery SbOlfw SbOlfwat just 32 bars. bars. But-it But-it sbol! sbol!]ld ]ld beir:e beir:emel melnbe nbered red
o·uld typi,~~ny be :te: :te:pepe-at~J at~ J
i'l!:ny i'l!:ny
time timee, e, ~nti ~nti
like likely ly th!i th!i th.em.l!:u;;;icians, eat :pluye'[s 1,;):t11erthnn dUSi5:kaU ':6' 1.· !:·"e~,a !:·"e ~,aSlC meroaaea,
dan~ers:~aJ
,chanoe ,chan oe top>llr top>llrli l icip cipate ate
It's ,Jso
h:a:iu~J n(Joo~ro;,;;ders~ n(Joo~ro ;,;;ders~wou]& imp!!:'O"viSlt1la!!:ia:fions a:tQund
ater aterla lale le prot protet etto to da copy copyri righ gh
Over time, tbes;e so~:ia] d l i U 1 J O e , S cibang:ed . : u l d e ' l ! ' o l v e d .
'0Il: indliv:i,dual
b o o ( ! i 'f'f fif i @ " a d a :n :n c '
the
tlir.[ .[i. i.~.fi ~.fif1 f1u: u:e: e:[i [i.e .eed ed th. w h i c h in tlir
continued.
to
Wbde
iiimajot
SIl!V SIl!V Il!'Di~ Il!'Di~ ~,e'l ili=cenh;l. ili=cenh;l.J:y J:yn g i :::: :h :h c :o :o ' u. u. Jl Jl ~ Z
s ]e ]e :!:! i (an
l' I.le I.lec~ c~
~ew Latin
'Uy
'rQ!ug~lln·~wsp~p~s· n·~wsp~p~s· O'l' :tne;l;;penlS:tve '~
Cet"CYl\m.'OO5!
JoS!~ I~!lac;io
t~.e t~.e 'be5 'be5'i 'i~' ~'~n ~noo-wnco wncomp mp se lnJlue:D!tia[
to ma~e a.~ivi a.~iving ng
'~htou.g '~htou.g'hml 'hmli. i.Ji Jiis isic ic
S a u e l ~ h r ed ed .
He tltugb,t: a.S!wen a.S!wen as playeJ.
(l811!'1
1810) is cOlls:ide'[.editbei-alth,er
.Mexh::o Oil('
an
.a:t::!i!.
pla.y~J
young:ster
to
iii
Cu.1a: in 1 8 6 9
Hnld~l similar
D~
a1~ to
study
wa
~V0:r
,ah]e
~(I
good 'Q'OIUect[On arh:!a warL11Dc.~u,li[iJi
teacih.e teacih.e:r :r {ram
imporb'l,tit C~tb'Ul 'CC!m:poQ5~ro&
Iseveit,;ilp'fumljjerrl:.t~,[i(;!~,er5, Tb(!ti!e itli.c~lil,d.eJ
IB69hwh.o
,a.lS ,a.lS~)flpe ~)flpe(jj. (jj.tti ttim.e m.e in Cl~:b:a. 'OoUsch..Jk Amen'(,101i5'i, He
Europe' an.J.~t,e
185~911;o lB6L
ROiS;!l]ni
Ce Vaut WIlS
wrote
As,torty
bO"ILI!!le,he
conna:Ja.nz;asifls
fOIt:ce;d to ]eave· Cu1a
wo;"!sac1~e to
rebnn B~ew
Cenan'te:s is
t.heilil~.tud.li:,d OIttb.e
ab·olnt Friil.:[I,'Z L i . S l . Z . t w a I L i n g
knocked.
o!t1.Cenan-re:';'
eB as d::la.nilier: an
Id~o:t: nd
orch orches est1 t1"a "a wor. wor.ks ks
sus.pe pect cted ed hi whe([1 whe([1 aut1.o! aut1.o!r1H r1H.es .es sus.
yeacra:].atel',butbeb.aA
ye!l3ir;!i !l3i11:"D\aJbe~!BV,e CloltlCled-s :i.n.~!l:J.eUnited
~b~c~m~ popul;,t'-':t1.:r'Ol!JJ~llo'Ut L;;Itin Am.e:l:'ica,c:l:a.8:si.c c\olnt:!:~Jan:~a:!i~b~c~m~ .A,·ho-Cu1ii3iu h : ,a,a d H - :::: l.l. c
{Wrrit.J!'\ilJailli'l;Ci;;;:.
w:bi10.
n1el:5., He
C~Icu.ml5rn:nc~s,
pranl:st" oeUi.si an.d ,(JI[~a:ni~.
Cuba:t Cuba:t1. 1. op~.!:a~ op~.!:a~ bl!l bl!l:t :tb, b,
m;:) m;:)ny ny popu populil lililt ilt
llll!(:Il hecamebis;
s:rm;pho'ny<. In 1,87.5 he ·C(llftO~rt~V~Utt~S
Borr.rt
of~~eFo]~ rhytJ.l1.1.~ that fi.~lLIre in
d . e l > ! c t [ b e d a5~h.e m , O s · t
tTUS,ic coulin~Fw!tl1! pon beuinE!: b~
migh migh lis~ lis~:e :enf nfor or
A£fllr returning
is o f t e ~ n
won sev.~[ sev.~[~p: ~p:ri~ ri~e.5 e.5'!l '!lnd nd be~arn be~arnefr efr].e ].eHd8 Hd8w:i w:ii·b i·b an
i l . s b e A . whetber
Sallm~U,Cervaui! Cervaui!e:s, e:s,w
'~abilnJ~':rEl:=in~p]r.~d th.e'lues
~.ea:rd C~rvat!:l~i5 p~acY
1'9(5)
Louie:Moreau G o H ~ ( ] J I E l I 1 k
cO:!1QeitF,'i,ani&
Ci,
[JJaltiO:[lal!.s.m.
{Ha.v',a::fia:EJ E J i.toi::i i.toi::i,~l ,~l Leb:as Ct~~ia:!tliaS, 1980). M " a n ~ e J B a u m e l l {Ha.v',a::fia:
Igna.ci..D Igna.ci..D Ce:.:I!, Ce:.:I!,'va..t~;tesKaw 'va..t~;tesKaw anagh t'b.eillill,~ooenth Q en en tu tu _; _; ry ry , U n lili ~ e
~(!:t:ongbly
.. Mu.s:ica Mu.s:ica Cu~ba;gahas p U b l s hhee d
b~~gl;'aun.dlnoteS,: Cont Contta taJ: J:ui uiza zaS' S'
of Culnll Culnlllmu lmusii siicaJ caJ
d . . . . nees, He c o m . p o s ' e d . m.o:.::e than 50
m e .H .H ~ .t.t ea ea ·m ·m . d o £c £c o m p o s f i
vision, T.h. .MtI: .MtI:seo seo Naci.on,ald~
a:cbl:evehig
hi!:'!
1I3rne:st(J'Na:z;al!eth.
b::i:lining~b.ebe{Jame
: m : u s l . C fortb;(!a't~[~, cQ!!1.cC'maud
o ~ Cnbian. m:1!J!s]ic S i
do
compo$i(;lJ
ItL~
'!!:!i '!!:!iS~C S~C
i n c l u d e d a~~w othe:t: w l ) " r k ~ ,t:~'1I.t t :~'1I.t we;[eparl::i(!ulal:'ly POPIJ,]il:l
w a ls ls o
The,se ,a.re cOfiidJe~edp'Ion.cer.in,e: WQil:k·~~ca:USA;l ,tb~:r iUleorpQr~te ~o m a n y
oJi
O " i ' sy:tlJC(lp~~~JiltiOl;no
B:.::a7;]1':5pl,all!];stic pl,all!];stic genilll$
~al::~~~YeU=b:lilght, D e~ e~ p
~nri\!'e
e~en
,(H:
l:Ifu.eir dillY"
Manue]
a tc tc o
]-
ee e M a D n e ] SaMm.eH nd mgnacio Ce.iI.'y
Q~inMn..
o : m a s L G -6 -6 n
wa
l, n'
,~om.'U\!\e1'6 GJtt:nculle
Ame:rico Ame:riconJ: nJ: compooors compooors
LOIlin
c :e :e n u r e IS IS , l l Cu.·biB. h e
Ri~ iO,J~ J ~ .t!l
a ls ls o ! 9o 9 o m e in in l e :t:t es es t
and in En~[.md).
:,esem~~Q\r.';!! co
mal5@z~neiS'J,
m O . 5 , ! InUnen'lial
ii,nd ea[['ly t w en en t e t
u.s.
Elng;li!!:nd~
:~ n h , a ~ t D dt;:~em:l.fi,tte' p!,illbh:l' p!,illbh:l'i~]n~bol,J!se.a, i~]n~bol,J!se.a,.aoOlom .aoOlom :!p'Q.!3er!3: :!p'Q.!3er!3:o f t :~
Am,erh::an c(l!untdes
'rb:[S
l.ar,Hm.mu91c,. T1Hc'!l'e
vadants)'[ vadants)'[,; ,;:. :.,t ,th,et h,et than in th
~n N~
c o n ;t;t i:i: nu nu ~ d
Cu:ba anJ.lI?u~l'G Ric(~ W~:I:~~:Ilrom~ly poor, T h e s ~ tbett : i n d e p e ! l ! J : ( l e m o e ' fmIll Spain,. Ie a,d,JiHcn h e 1 : p a -v - v t '! \r\ r t
a, Eim t-o,pea;[I-.tt.i t-o,pea;[I-.tt.i!lin, !lin,eJ eJcom.pOSlet S!u-ch a s g ! na na c h t
nineteentb
doin,g t~bc
in
e:rh,;;iln e:rh,;;iln O()lttfiitrie: O()lttfiitrie:sHdl
re[peii3iledlre.v,o:luit]oHs
OI:nd OI:nd:s :social ocialu: u:pbeavai pbeavai.l .l
ma:nypeopAe
l'Irilla'bi1:,J :<1Idi6o'Jl h o t
AmGtie,a!
l(botb
d ,a ,a n o e
cen.mry latin
Clo'un"lrle;s a l;l ; ;;; ; : h a d
in Lati,
lo-rogerpo-p1i.lilar
i~;J8JJI:(]eJito ml!.l!sl:c o K t h e B l H J8 J8 h
D ud ud m g h e
18705
w O ; " ! ~s u p p ~ L r w ~ e d
ut :tillltt)i;~,gh a_[1~h,~5Gi!''''ol,utiot'li!'5I', t b ~ ha..ba:t1,era.rh:yt'b:m
tb.e mid-tee:ltij,"
,Sorci
OI;)~lfr~J~n~
lfinue~ntle'."
cann:adanZ,0I.:5.a:reno
wbe~e
en
M.ea.nw~i[e,
.]
.Pu~lf lft( t( Ri,cao.~",:r.i~ty, t h o u g ~ ~ : b i $ ! Jif~ereJ tr.()rm th .Pu~
J:anzo;,Jt
~l1i
QJ(l,!:tple:11'r~the:t
For e . x : a : m . p l e , . h-ytbe 1850 1850$! $! In PlllenO :R1cot6.e da~rzahad
e !X !X am am p ] S i o fw fw rn rn . L l H c
dona:lin:g 1895
Stat.'El!s Stat.'El!san. an.di. di.ll ll
M.l.l M.l.l"nc "nc(l (l., .,ffir ffir
S O l~ l~ ( D . t!J~~Q t!J~~Q S~U li,)l li,)lp(lJ p(lJ in
..
ater aterla lale le prot protet etto to da copy copyri righ gh
TJlmu
L~6n.l( 8 2
S93}
>(l()]]hadiln~::t~"
t ep ep rree i3 i3 f ;!;! :n :n t
M~xico, [~allyreHect
ex:ploited
J:~tiber dUIUI:m:portln:g
wDi'~:Edfcion Le,on.'i;j,wDi'~:Edfcion
yOUDig
H e a lB lB io io ,
.lid .lid comp compos os mu
of
geineral, !!IyncopaJl:"ed music a pp pp e a r
In
th Span Spanis is
Af~t',i, Af~t',i,c'AI c'AIlS lShecau8e
n :>:> t t m r
;;;:~av,e\S.,T h e .
Afri.aan
h,
con:qill1riJiI,tadole8; ac:i.onal de Be]l:a.s
nineteenth centl.lty ~hee:~.lIIl
T am a m d L e m " O k a s para . H ' i ' J ' n o
Pri.m~r C~n~l~narW' C~n~l~na rW' Luui'uos()
CO:Pi»'UlmomtiVQ
a ,d ,d h
81
li'~e ai]] th,~syncopated
w o ~ k . His ,col'il'tradanzas.,
M.c::xic:o b,adfe b,adfe!i !ill ll
,1$
Music~.. L e 6 n
Na:H'L'lrt!l!alO!l]serv,ailoryo£
ra1t ra1t~e ~e t_ha t_ha natl natl:v :vel el;h ;hyt ythr hrn~ n~,. ,.
pop ~at Qi
bi:B~iv.i![l,g
pubhsh,£!J!.a CloH(lc:~i(in 'tlitat b e O i , 1 , t I ; t ~ ' E c l l y rii!' rii!'produces produces the or.iginal
N BA BA ) h ,
Ci y;
oEbis
por on
t ha h a I b a d Af:r~canslaves;.
D d ia ia D
(M~xico
smaI
Cu~b Cu~ban an inOu inOuen ence ce
Amerlcancollmtries
Me
th
Mexi~an. p ' b i i b a r . m . { H I [ C Sodelly and
founiJt1.e
laHn
1l . study i n E ' l J:J: o p t 1l
\Ii"asne1jre:r~61efu
an.J
~t~atpia;ni5t.TbDu~~.b.e : S \ b , ( l ! w I:;l~ent at ~d
vecognize,J, a;;; MexioD'sh.mit
is
N B A , 1 99 99 ' 2 0 · lifh: Puerto R i c a n . ' - 1 o m p o ! > e r . T~OUllh33.7 ofbL96[4 w u ~ l t s ,
lOS
we:I'E! dil.llz:as, only
play[ngflu'terbilS:s"
old
b a :O :O id id s ~ o [ J a nc nc i! i! t l WClS
a h , l e to
prub~ls:heJ, tmid
'tmm~CJIIJJ.eiil[ld, il~; il~;;; ;;:o :osi sinS nSin ing. g. Camp Campos os
an,d ccmccrts,
H>fl!also om p o @ . also c om
to, BrEl:zl~ an
tra.vel
which l t I b . e cou~,les,promenil!de J~lLJJr[ng
ib;~~t
us;u us;ua. a.uy uyc' c'OI OIJl Jlf! f!i5 i5~i ~ing ngof ofll ll.wo .wo ~c6o ~c6oIJ IJl~ l~pJ pJus us alcdiua
dimcuh to
re
~l Tw
n Hn H n en en c e s
The
.h:l:sti:b:.1COO
:lS . F l a r e s
]iU
s wd wd i
de
when
Wll!!
6, ve ee
WQl:'b
dance
this way. his i s t y l e : a f ! J
,tl~ e"ViGlu6o
V(l~il1mei9 o ~
fl"'li!
hi
wDr~s: .Da~'Za8
S o c ie ie J! J! ;!;! ; P ! ;! ;! ;t;t 'a'a e F o m ~ n i!i! ;
plu,," a, g o o d Jea:l
.a
they often round ~st1ouS':ht1.ey
juan
MO'fOJI
llnveljtigacion~s (in
I\e.fe~ena.e ma.ter.i.al
ill'lileno R icic :a:a n c om om p m ,
ilHended tl.e PU.l", Consenfilt:ory.
{Jrgan!;;;:it:who bl !p an
O b t a s comp.fdag
baEs'f
caned "e~a5ifictriple~~.,~' h i c l
diH:i.c'l.1t diH:i.c'l.1t 00 traee
i : > ! anot'he:rimporla.ttt
y eeaa r ! ! o l d , In a dJ dJ i 0 1 IS
nobte.d
~sic ~sic is a c t u a U
pUbli~hed
o f 8 re re [p [p e at at .e .e J
(San
1'996),
'Oui 'Ouint ntii iian an I( lli.
rehs rehs ue
:sh@rll~£~
eJmenili,'!1tj~! w h C i
2l41t-ime
coUec6 c6ol ol~1 ~1 f[Qm f[Qm o e coUe
l S , ~ J ~ ' B s i N Swh.ia:h . incluJ-e;;;: 10
intr introd oduc ucho ho
wi at
u!ll!l
CultlUlaPu.erlo~rrfqtl,et!la has;
French
,duxi~· bis;
3 99{{ b
da:!l~as; ai!:\Il.c(l:n6:ider~J eith~l~sf;;va
n co c o rp r p c ra ra t
od
fli:lier fli:lierlo lo Rico, P1il_MicacioD0SSOFI~
Jost Jost I;:n I;:n.a .aci ci
i81l;1E!
~m
WI2'J:~
mart martia iall-st styl yl
P I :U :U ~ r l R ic ic ' a l
somc:times~be
no t Ca'mpc'S:. " O b , r t ) $ 1kFi~:. "1958, A no la's,Arle,s.
trio trio
lyric~l), Dan.'Za5
a ,n ,n d m o r
6/8 ,and3/4=anJ
Be-ca:u:se Ca:mp{Js'iPi,~c~s
works" Hfi!! di~J
th.e noor" rbis, i;;;: 1oUo.wedb
around
nota notate te prec preciB iBel ely. y. T'ho1!1Sh the pIeces
.Jte£ .Jte£rrl!Ol'te rrl!Ol't e baI~
y ei ei l[l[ :s :s ,
a:rc:hestra d~lecto!t and. and. p~a. p~a.ye yedl dl:n :n !rev !rever eral al
l(\'li:gious
beginnin~ with
5.ieCHOlriS,
pa'Se'O~
li:~bth
man
wori worike ke
h ew ew i ! i
llig lligen ennn nna. a.
H i s & a :n :n :z :z ;a ;a .s .s g ef ef itit l i"al1y con.trllfi tw-u
otn.J
iSwcl.ying ml1!9ic w h e
l'ecen l'ecent~y t~y Campos Camposbe: be:&1a &1a
of
QUinton
:many strin'l'led insul!tments:.
h e p la la y
(Sil lase Ignacio .QuJnt6n (Sil
Juan Juan
Puei Pueirl rl
t'6i~,p e r ~ o d . Qllinfi6n gilvebis; gilvebis; ![rs;tl! ![rs;tl!'edta 'edta
esoflliris: is: wo rt en viJ~1il_m esofllir
IR:l IR:lC' C'o: o:un untg tgo; o;;; ;;:d :d
ose
Qulnt6
COA}.>~O,19'86).
Hmc~,stQNMl~tb
934 )' o · f B i t ' o 1 Z i l e e a hJ hJ y o n
oft11e late u i J :!:! l @ t J @ ~ f ltl t h
~oo:]y tw~nti(lth
yeaU
6 i a b i lili ty ty i : J
WG:dOlS
cholomllJ!$rc
C h o m r lll,eans"'l:o
tango
,J,ii:nC,eiS
HiB!
OW]l
p!lll~li!lh,f,l!dwb;C'n.:bQ w b;C'n.:bQ w"aS
l a m ] l ) , friend;s;. h e w a s l n : e 1 y self-ta.u~ht. Hi;;!
pianof13chni
c:iass:icalinHnellcles
wee:Ji" in Portugu(l',se,
flute:!> a.:mJ o th th .
theb~lcani,es oEw,amen.
al:6erpop~lat
an.d. tbenwifl
'W"aS
p ia ia n~ n~ ;
cp;!€:
was;pl!:udig'jOIJf'!,r
his reaJgeuiu5
'witli th.e AIEr[canized fO:l~rhythms
'Ol~
h~s natlvt':
io
pil:.rl::ial!lla~.
tIU!ne,s· o'n~'ui.frars;r mandohns, nn,der
Chopin,
comhi~lemn~t~'D"tb=c'enb.try
'bis;~i,rst pia:l:lI.o :picce
centu.xi¢s. AI?'rGJi~1.r
'lVithh]:s motler motler s t u d l : e d . 'lVithh]:s
o ld ld . T h o u g h hbritry in,dl,lded, the c a m p l d e just
the-m.os~i:mpmssiv~and : ~ i t o l i , f i cL a
ril1kcs W~'le :s0I1G'nading stroc.t ba:l:'!"ds:w'illlopmay~d D ls l s nU nU lm lm e s ,
T b ~ e b a n d ~ wereblt'ed
c1ou.rling.. NU;ilt'e~1'SIDl!lS].Ccaptured, t h et et by by itit lb lb In In so so ~
h E ! sa sa r 1 .a .a :~ :~ ib ib i f u J 1 ! e t h , € ! ,d,aYrindudln'~' t hE
IB.b·~llree,~y.ut ut an~h.e
~ry!(llilfig:m e n t n
a:zare a:zare'tb 'tb
p[ecleS
mex xe
an
tCln~o.
in this this c:,o c:,oll llec ecl: l:io io iue!IJotuaHy m!lxbrec5
BI:
f~Ik
play play sere serena naA.e A.e
t h ec ec h o r1 r1 l
Nazal;ethjsrublisbe~;!I
and,
th
iIl1sedthe diFferent
f1'Omt1.e A['g~!l1i!Hnetang:~'.
ater aterla lale le prot protet etto to da copy copyri righ gh
Blt'a2::l1th~ pl.aDJ.!3ila were e(l~ber
..A.jJ;:thi!i!
pla(}'ed fa!' p ~ d i
an
int1 int1ea ea,t ,tr. r.e~ e~
wbom Vd],
insp inspir iroJ oJby by
Wc:re
er b.e
Jay
O'vies ..Manyp .. Manyp e,op]ecam etDb.eilil etDb.eilil.'.'
a S f 0 1 l1 l1 f i
play~ng i!:n~:nvi8:i1~e~iano.
Darius: .Mil~aillilJdnd Heitol:'
Na~O Na~Oir ire' e'th th
N a :Z :Z ;~ ;~ i [ lflf :t:t hcomposeJ. c ] , o ~ e to 500 p ie ie o e
y e ;a;a .:. : r,r, 9 l ilil G was almost: comp'~~t'e~Yd ~ i
three
$[lent
fm
nlC'vl.e itSJel[ Hi.s: · f a m : i n c l u d e J : 'Dth.er musicians
p la la y ! I; I; A th th @ ( ~ t1... . t
bj;
Na:z Na:z;a ;a!' !'et et wa!3tl.e
~h.otlJgh o n
a' ou
a ~b ~ b y f o t - e s ; t , c]Qse
th
A'lJcO:I:iJin~
w.a:ts:rf~ltwid~
to
m]lllilis.l"ilel'
e-ve:rpublisheJ.
O ! :!:! l sl1J~lyeudeod hi!! day~ inlll;lH::nta]in;stitution.
de aJ
"p1,a:[(J&ero8.:O-pi
pi.EltJ&~tB)Ort
w,u:·Jelt'e8t
a . m s ou·bh.·~·tcb.~ai:l ii~l~w~rt1l
hi
pa.pe([Sr litl~e aJtf:entio[)J
After' es:ca.piJ!ngbis.
ea l~ l~ ~ b~:s d ea
t'lle
t h e H m e ,1 ,1 ec ec a ilil llll lili ssee .
Can:l'ival w'al w'alSOl SOlbo' bo'ut ut to beSl beSlin in th~,5~;U~
A IUi;!J;ioan p ia ·~h~no.~t w · ~ n ~ ~ n l ( ~ w uLa'!in;AIUi;!J;ioan ia n
o t b .e .e ~ s w . h lJ lJ p : ro ro J . ltlt Ic Ic e d w " o r :~ :~ ~t ~t h a ' ~ ~ ~ ~ p . a :r :r titi c ,t,t a ;a ;a ; d )
C :D :D n l ? D ' 5 e c 8 l;beJ,"e
!!
1I!11i;!
inf1:!;t~'.!1f:i.J in lh@i'!I: d O l Y · ,
Se:1astmn. Yradier 1 8 ~ . 1865)sp!.OnlI;'~im~ in Cl[l~b r · ; - ~. . · ~ a~ti1.fim~n"a:iI1 ~ L " · ~
Spl'ln:l.s:bmusieian ~eoeill ~n..
(1859h
.~
w'0li
wffilich.1oo;a(m~
now
~ rn rn E u! u! ! : O 'p 'p e .h.e
B J A r tt~~ J t toto tw t w a ; s a:I?PWprtl"liie&br
t.he slimeCOUe(]t[on
de n..eotes n..eotes ( 1 8 1 4
!l:s!aiu rede·£ineclltle
19'44)
hllbe
L a i H n .Am.er.hcan a:md
t b o i ! ]g ]g :h :h o u
oft1e
.ca..kll;: .ca..kll;:iw.aiL~.. iw.aiL~.. vl;l'q populaJ; d"no:e
Ue
labcel
Sf}.l(l~~ oftr.::n
mi:s;laken
<'I.
amr:ti:ioJ;1 in
C lo lo n fu fu sJ sJ .o .o :
s ; ,:mde(l:'Siand...b,le. b ,le.
Castle
dIOU[lSe, noboo~
.(l£
ef
House
Orchestra
latin.p,la.n.(lm1i.1!iSic
p o o r barrctos
BU'G.nos
he
mu
~ a ng ng C
fad
so.mel'a~Hme hines,
.v e t M s O'r~in g a .v
pt;Q
p:~O;')Jl~shGPOlllt
fi(flraibl
&Ja.Clti
. e : x i.i. c l t m l . ral~.e:r
J lI lI i n g t1.e nin.eteent1. W < l E l 01190
t_b
Clentttry.
o u t s id id e &gent:i~nA.
v1,J!I..\dft...f.l ba~tc~b,ryf1m
d id id - n '
popular i:nArrget1ti~a. to!r.
,hc~ ,hc~an ango go ..
~ll;tb]i$h~d llisbabanera, Trocha, H o I 3was
Pal1l'.!m.:!,
'l
01);()
'fy~;r.s; wa;saW~6t mOJdianb[liI.ak f(lI~.Jldc:rs o·f AHeM, a : o . J I a ~ s o
{.Ort
would: be
wi.tlwut
cmnp]ete
rui~s,~ ~
~l
]!tl!c[udl1ug some
aC,W!!!8: th
.. V1ew
f:
J..rgentines
ear.Uer
go
Pla,tlil\:in. C~~!ioPla,tlil\:in.
. l I , .
f ro ro m
piece.it
a lm lm . o S t m l m o w l i
the s a m . 1 3 g ! e n r G
m m c p l J b h SScc h e :t:t S
rame
clollllisideil.' iibe
yeal:sonermor:e·
..
tangO' ar se
16.. a:J!; a:J!;l!l!:rn :rn;~~ ;~~.. ..'e 'e il,!een~.
M.on'te'lt:iJeo, everrrua
a;,nd40stbGcil'
19305
m.ore l:m'';Gr~s;~mgP!!Ja:!lO
var.u~ty
a:rran.g:c' en:t'iS.
BaY~1J1~i6he; BaY~1J1~i6he;;: ;: my boo.k of x:agli e-el:: e-el::a.pian. a.pian. '1:~.0 .olrl;~i.u.J
: p ' 4 r l i l h . u : - a s : { sh sh ~ e m m ;
I;li!::QJl!lC~Jal;!o!mpaniCin ..'
my w~bs w~bsit it
r h y t h m of·t:lw
tbe hab'i:l.:ne:ta. r . b y f u m
course,
beca:m.e beca:m.e p;;trl p;;trl of~ii!1l!!i~l~~:m Axgelnti.ne Cl,llbue. W1i]e th 0. [l!~~ Dan
popctl1a:r
On.e .examp~e i5 t h .e .e b a s i .
'111 ·~··r ilO.cle, 'rn.a " L a n ; g ' o galnelll 11] COf.lSliUlel'e'(l( .000-·.~ne·· galnelllu~ernao,:W u~ernao,:W I1M
;1:n:JJgnay.· _ .n .n gH gH ~ a 1"
that
tango w a s 5 t i U
fOl'his 19J1l1tufie
attang:er
w a exh:.emely
OI;nJ~nal;lJ@'lM~Je'
W:in '1rel's
AmeflcanmlllJ5te~afi,
ll(:!sid.llin whir;)'w l : ! l : ' k < e J ~as :sta :sta
S:aft~.L.e~
sp'r~aJ
a l s o f m m d in
1890s. Th.e r·hythm:ls
*an~,a. B l l i f . t in 1 9 0 9 ~ J l J . e
In.1896 dLllotbelr inHue·nt1,al In a~~drc~es drc~es Tye!Losl:S
~U
nine ninete teen enth th
tb.en:ine~ee'J:J;~i6Qer.thu:y~~ n J i D .
h~lf
second
18 70s~.fithe
,olEth
unti~ unti~ th. eal"~ytee(l]:s.
Patis
Jm:ing:~t.e
c!GnJ:'1 c!GnJ:'1:J!do: :J!do: fal: th
1:U, w h
.M,C!xi.ca:nm . U : S : I ! C had. beCl beClo·me o·me in£l in£ll! l!,l ,l;e ;e!J!oe !J!oe\~b \~b the h a h an an e
hO
C~:rmel'il.
Wua,r,Jo
f o r t'bec()[il\ti:nuing
a : ~ e lY lY i e sp sp ( t ls ls .~ .~ M e
Soott Joplin
M l t X irir :::: ar ar ! S ~ r o m a J~ J~ f b y
ge:tmuch
. .h .h i o p e
8t:aoos.
UoiteJ
h~b.anera!:~ytlrm du~ du~ins ins;t. ;t.h.e h.e ~ecDnd ~ecDndbaH baH
Cohan
l'la~,a![]el:'a witJ.bis c O ' m p o s i t i o n
P a ! Q . t ' 1 . m a':IJi.J il w e
POIP1!ll!lIt:O'OHltraaitl:ons]ibe O'~ t6~
.B.~:zet f'Or t'he~amo1lliiSba'ba:no:ra~h~nnJe
thec:enh1il thec:enh1illY lY tb.e lul1' lul1'Eu'le Eu'ler. r.[). [).I: I:'~ytbm '~ytbm w.c:sstiH exetHng: ashong~fiHt~e'I:!LCle.ll:!L 1 8 ' 9 0
A i l : :th.ee~nJ
from
F : ! i k J I State!!! .a\ud thrx;J1!]~1.o1!lit atin atin AmeI AmeI'[ '[ca ca Anot Anotbe be:t :twr wrt. t.
wi
..:~t ge~j:t ge~j:t in.l in.li'i'llll(mglM (mglM /or K < t y b M r : J , wb.icbcon:~a:in'$~l".t:odtl..c~oJlilj tangos, ..:~t
f ot ot : 4 : 2 ; t a n g o s ,
:lit: in .clud,e .clud,esa. sa. g o o d aroiS!>!!It!icti aroiS!>!!It!iction on of 0 a : r l y
! o r de de J m .~ .~ n O ' t h o .s.s e s e e d i C I n s e < !o
fOT>;so]o·pi.mo
com:pOS8'.tS,
ill' ill've ve a]so
:r~~gQV;$i.a~a:"'a!i[~11~bl:'oug~ -"
aiil1:www.b.hr.camlta!l)1ol
ater aterla lale le prot protet etto to da copy copyri righ gh
f > e w :tan~os
I've included jl1s;t
F'ot f:'h:h co Hec Ho fi, ayin ayin music. Af ef p, "'~
b o o ~ , the
p :itice:,sin this O't1heirp:itice:,s
,_.
intr intr'O 'Odt dtlc lc
connection
t~!!r~e SU1lBet SU1lBet . o , f s y a op this ve;ry t~!!r~e op a
youw youw
~ b v e J JJ JJ h d a n
p ia ia n
h e e~~.y ta.ngo rhytbnu,win
a_
thet~II;gio' Jan( Jan(]~ ]~ iEtn iEtn m U S - I e al'eo,1sG.iite ,[It!id.~lo~nrlte5te,d!lm.an;yb e l i C i " ! ' l l l tb~ :fitst.
be obviO'us;,W'hile
'0'£
a: os we
Axg~nlin;l
kgen.tinefu1k,
m:i.lo!D!gas(a. poIka-hk.e
hllb>!loetM,
nd canJolmbe
Janco),
1880s).
1870:5
,J to le'iUn that that th ear. ear.]j ]j~j ~j5t 5tta tang ngos os w~.r w~.r spljght[YI' ma:j ma:jor or k.eY/ k.eY/lt ltk~ k~e= e=p! p!lr lr
slower ,minlo:!;' Ley. two-:p:n:t plsce ftIhBl.t;;;; nowt.hesf:e~eotyp£.aaltafi~:o,. ; ;;;nowt.hesf:e~eotyp£.aaltafi~:o,.
d~Hil':nmJ{rom
l(slil1 daDce;db
rc~"i, ~'''''''''''A~hl.",!.l''n,,€!;~h,atw!ls -;-, -;omp..,IH.lns -,--- --f· --f·-' -':t :t-' -'oo--· -·-. -. a:.. -.,. -.,.'lt!p .ayeU! -r.-,-,:~ '~o·J·"' " ' """ .... .... ..m;Jr'n,,·p'h~'''' .._... ".",,'t;., 1m", I .. .. , ~
In a (
i'l:lve...toed:in
tu:n tu:nes es tllat ar v'et v'et
o m e of:t1e
ear~ie:r
th,e th-,e_ 1,0" 1,0".0 .0. _ .a.ndaBsumed
o],del' polka-tiL£>; .At:ijenHn,e folbda:!t:l!ce. Ovc<.rlh",
l'),a:5~ h u n d ~ d
y~a
t he he :
6 0 1! v
5'elootioDs, in hi hoo, hoo, comeh:om
b, a.gl a.glYn Yn.G .Gra rati tion on of mnsi mnsiei ei ns
X ! u U : u ;J; J J nd n d ' e d o f tang;o
he arly arly yeair:stbefolre~~.e
o: ll b ~ t w l X l ' . t l
1860
were seH-,;I;:aligbt~<'Il]a.yets, ]a.yets, :ra.thet tban classicaHy h a
f1is gener:ation
insitr trum umen en:h :h s m a ! ] and in:corporat-ed m ~ n y ,Jiffe:t~nttypeB of insi I.... a:l1£WD!eO]1 et nnnn a: a: n ,.a < , et
as pjafio9car,e~
in
a .~ .~ i CO CO rW rW I 1 ,
· W · · · ·.nu~ ···· ~ "u~ ' .n
1t
to Paris in 1907
Angei Villoldo
Th
Js
cL!rinet
~l
gr()u. gr()u.ps ps
pi:ano
flute, guiblr
~m;p ~m;p.m .mvu vu.a .aho hon, n, tangos
'b~I&:
,ere
" ~ega ~ega:n :n ,emg ,e.mg
W'l:dfe-n. ou
(1,868 (1,868 ,_1919) ,_1919)1~ 1~ iJuita:risl:, $!in~er.anJprohfic anJprohfic early 1 3 1 C l u J C J ~ , th,e am yeai yeai'. '. 1''hough v d l o 1 d . c went
also W'riot-eth moat liil.moliSTIango
1912, th
hecame
soon
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mak
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elite
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th.eBulilit:sea;
ai.
P['ena:h
O'l:h.e:rcapita1S! OI~~b.ewo[M. Th.e lll ianist
th,e eiH"liestpubllsbed ta:nj!D:9 I(
Mendli'd1al
11le pianis.tRosendo
.h
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p]_.ayed
E1BJitFS"i~mol
pl:l.yeJw,1I;8
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t lb lb e 1 89 89 0 ~ .
r~q.Ri~aom w a ~ co c o m po po 5
dt.am~tiC'any
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1900'1 b~e;r ca le th
l llll i d
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924
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nd
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As with my ot-h.e ot-h.e plllLl plllLl;.s ;.shtn htngeH geHort orts, s,
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t h~ h ~ m l n o ! : = k~ k~ y dratna that eV~'J1b..!taUy
Mo:
locilte'll! man
IfwmJiult! Ar-v-eni:te:5, wih.o
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