Git a f or Jo J oyf ul L iving This picture is worth 1,60,000 words.
E nt ert aini aining ng gir girll s are many any.. E nc ncha hant nt in ingg K ririsshna is ON E . E xpe xperiri encin ncingg people people are many. E nl i v eni ng cons conscci ous ousne nesss i s ON E .
L if e is J oy f ul w hen w e kno know w ‘I A M THA T ON ON E ’. Course material prepared by Raja Subramaniyan for YAT School of Management 11/15, Ashirwadh Apt.Lock Street, Kotturpuram Chennai – 600 085
[email protected]
July 2008
Contents Part Part I – Y YOU OU Page No. Unit 01: Introduction Lesson 1: Why should we learn Gita? Lesson 2: Superiority of human race Lesson 3: An over view of four Vedas
2 4 6
Unit 02: The disease Lesson 1: The battlefield of life Lesso Le sson n 2: Na Natur ture e of Att Attach achmen mentt Lesson 3: Effect of Attachment I - Sorrow Lesson 4: Effect of Attachment II - Delusion Lesson 5: Diagnosis of the disease
10 13 16 19 24
Unit 03: Preparation for the treatment Lesson 1: An overview of the universal problem Lesson 2: Prerequisites to receive the ultimate solution Lesson 3: Unconditional surrender to the teacher
27 31 35
Unit 04: The medicine – Self-Knowledge Lesson 1: Smile of Lord Krishna Lesson 2: Introduction to Self-knowledge Less Le sson on 3: The The me mean anin ing g of the the wo word rd ‘Atm ‘Atman an’’ Lesson 4: Nature of reality Lesson 5: Beyond time and space Lesson 6: Beyond sensory perception Lesson 7: Understanding Atman Lesson 8: Role of intelligence Lesson son 9: Applica licattion ion of inte intelllig ligence Lesson Lesson 10: Complyin Complying g to our Prescri Prescribed bed Duty
40 43 46 49 51 52 54 57 60 63
Unit 05: The treatment – Karma Yoga Lesson 1: Karma Yoga is the stepping stone Less Le sson on 2: Adva Advant ntag ages es of Karm Karma a Yoga Yoga Lesson 3: Superiority Superiority of the Karma Yogi Lesson 4: Why do people do mere Karma? Less Le sson on 5: Five Five step steps s to atta attain in focu focuse sed d mind mind Lesson 6: Definition of Karma Lesson 7: Definition of Karma Yoga Lesson 8: Inferiority of Karma
66 69 71 73 75 80 88 93
Unit 06: Complete recovery – Joyful Living Lesson 1: Overview of the path and destination Lesson 2: The Destination – Joyful Living
97 100
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Page No. Unit 07: Introduction to Karma Yoga Lesson 1: Good student Lesson 2: Four Lifestyles Lesson 3: Milestones and Actions Lesson 4: Action and Inaction Lesson 5: Thought and Action Lesson 6: Prescribed Duty / Chosen Profession
111 112 113 116 118 120
Unit 08: Analysis of Karma Yoga Lesson Lesson 1: The prescri prescriptio ption n – Proper Proper Action Action Lesson 2: Inaction after Action Lesson 3: Nature of Action – Part I Less Le sson on 4: De Desc scri ript ptio ion n of Karm Karma a Yoga Yoga Lesson 5: Attitude and Action Lesson 6: Nature of Action – Part II Lesson son 7: Sense nse Obje bjects cts and Action tion Lesson 8: Prescribed Prescribed and Non-Prescribed Non-Prescribed duties
125 133 134 139 13 9 140 143 147 149
Unit 09: Obstacles to Karma Yoga Less Le sson on 1: Obst Obstac acle le,, the the invi invisi sibl ble e forc force e Lesson 2: Location of the obstacle Lesson 3: Removal of obstacles to Karma Yoga
151 151 153 154
Unit 10: Origin of this knowledge Lesson 1: Authenticity of this knowledge Lesson 2: Ascending and Descending Avatars Lesson 3: Dharma Vs Adharma
157 162 165
Unit 11: The path and the destination Lesson 1: Final Goal – Merging with God Lesson 2: Start to finish – Animal to God Lesson 3: Driving force – Desire to become God Lesson 4: Meaning of ‘Merging with God’ Lesson 5: Transcending action and inaction
168 170 173 178 180
Unit 12: Completing the journey Lesson 1: First part of the path – Action Lesson 2: Second part of the path – Knowledge Knowledge Lesson 3: Benefits of reaching the destination Lesson 4: Summary of the journey
184 186 189 191
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Page No. Unit 13: Oneness of Renouncement &Karma Yoga Lesson 1: Eternal questions Lesson 2: Renouncing the action Lesson 3: Oneness of Action and Inaction Lesson 4: Renouncement through action Lesson 5: Conviction on the source of happiness Lesson 6: Gaining conviction through meditation
194 196 200 204 210 213
Unit 14: Role of meditation in Joyful Living Lesson 1: Nature of Meditation Lesson 2: Practice of Meditation
216 240
Part Part II – ‘THA ‘THAT’ T’ Unit 15: Bhakthi Yoga Lesson 1: An alternative approach Lesson 2: Nature of God Lesson 3: Benefit of knowing God Lesson 4: Illusion is the cause of suffering Lesson 5: Surrender is the means to liberation Lesson 6: Nature of surrender Lesson 7: Nature of Bhakthi Lesson 8: Progress to the highest level of Bhakthi Lesson 9: Perceiving God Lesson 10: Overcoming Delusion Lesson 11: Attaining the supreme Lesson 12: On death of the physical body
246 250 254 257 260 261 262 266 268 270 271 273
Unit 16: Knowledge of the God Less Le sson on 1: Na Natu ture re of Know Knowle ledg dge e ab abou outt God God Lesson 2: Nature of God Less Le sson on 3: Crea Creato torr an and d Crea Creati tion on Lesson 4: God’s pursuit Lesson 5: God’s Non-binding action Lesson 6: Insulting God Lesson 7: Praising God Lesson 8: God as the giver of happiness Lesson 9: God as the provider of livelihood Lesson 10: God as provider of fortunes Lesson 11: Method of praying to God Lesson 12: Benefit of knowing God Lesson 13: Guidance from God Lesson 14: Glory of God Lesson 15: Request for Universal Form Lesson 16: Universal form
283 283 288 290 29 0 294 296 299 301 304 306 308 309 312 315 318 326 328
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Page No. Unit 17: Liberation through Bhakthi Yoga Lesson 1: Five Stages in Bhakthi Yoga Lesson 2: Through Knowledge (Stage 5) Lesson 3: Through Devotion (Stage 4) Lesson 4: Through Upasana (Stage 3) Lesson 5: Through Action (Stage 2) Lesson 6: Through Enjoyment (Stage 1) Lesson 7: On completing Bhakthi Yoga
337 339 341 343 345 347 349
Part III – YOU ARE THAT Unit 18: Jnana Yoga Lesson 1: Who am I? Lesson 2: What is creation? Lesson 3: What are the values? Lesson 4: Who is Brahman? Lesson 5: When did the universe begin? Lesson 6: What is Bondage and liberation? liberation? Lesson 7: Who is the observer? Lesson 8: What is the path and the destination? destination? Lesson 9: Three Perceptions Lesson 10: The Observed – A AE EM Lesson 11: Factors that bind us Lesson 12: Using the Illusion Lesson 13: Description of a Wise Person
360 364 366 368 244 375 378 381 388 392 395 398 403
Unit 19: Enlightenment through Jnana Yoga Lesson 1: Essence of Vedanta Lesson 2: Escaping from Eternal Cycle Lesson 3: Self-revealing Brahman Lesson 4: Illusory appearance of the world Lesson 5: Three levels of reality Lesson 6: Cleansing ourselves Lesson 7: Source of knowledge Lesson 8: Quality of life
408 412 416 420 422 424 432 437
Unit 20: Summary of Gita Lesson 1: An overview Lesson 2: Physical renunciation Lesson 3: Mental renunciation Lesson 4: Analysis of the three elements Lesson 5: Essence of Karma Yoga Lesson 6: Essence of Jnana Yoga Lesson 7: Essence of Bhakthi Yoga Lesson 8: Completion of the teaching
443 445 450 455 459 461 463 464
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Teachings in Gita Page No. Highest level of teaching meant for the top 5% of the students 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Wise people do not suffer. Attachment is the cause of suffering. You are eternal (You exist all the time). You are the Atman. You are the changeless consciousness. You are the only reality. The universe is an illusion. Consciousness is only one, which is present at all places. You are not destructible. You are immeasurable and beyond perception. You do not do anything nor do you cause anything to be done. You are neither the doer nor the enjoyer. Atman cannot be understood by all.
40 41 43 45 47 50 51 51 52 54 55 61
Medium level of teaching meant for the top 50% of the students 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.
Karma Yoga is the steppingstone to gain Self-knowledge. Karma binds and Karma Yoga liberates. Work for correcting the mind not for correcting the world. Joyful Living should be the only goal for all human beings. Material pursuit should lead to spiritual pursuit. Spiritual pursuit ALONE can lead us to Joyful Living. Vedas are irrelevant for those who know how to live joyfully. Twelve Laws of Karma govern action and results. Six Principles convert Karma into Karma Yoga. You do not have any choice in the results of your action. Thought leads to action and Action leads to thoughts. Convert Karma as Karma Yoga to gain Self-Knowledge. Self-Knowledge results in Joyful Living. Faith should replace belief to facilitate knowledge. Understand the role of four lifestyles. Action, not inaction, leads us to Joyful Living. All human beings are helplessly bound to action. No external force is acting on human beings. All our thoughts are born out of our actions. Mind control is better than avoiding the sense objects. Everyone should be engaged in a Chosen Profession. Three elements determine the personality of the individual. Four groups of Chosen Professions are recommended. Chosen Profession should be in line with the personality. Avoid illegitimate desires and moderate legitimate desires. Let th the actions be born from iin ntelligence and not from mi mind.
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63 68 70 72 74 77 78 83 90 92 93 94 99 111 112 115 116 116 118 119 120 122 122 123 126 126
39. 40.. 40 41. 42. 43. 44.
We need to do our duties all the time to keep the world going. Ther There e are are no du duti ties es for for the the on one e wh who o ha has s ga gain ined ed self self-k -kno nowl wled edge ge.. Matter dominant people should be guided into more action. Energy Do Dominant pe people sh should be be ad advised to to follow Dharma. Aura Dominant people should move from action to learning. It is not possible to change anyone.
131 133 13 3 134 135 135 143
Lowest level of teaching meant for all the students 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53.
Enjoy sense objects without being attached to them. 147 Poor Poor perfor performan mance ce of pre prescr scribe ibed d duti duties es is be bette tterr tthan han good performance of non-prescribed duties. 149 Desire is the invisible force that drives you in wrong action. 151 Likes and dislikes cause desire. 153 Desire is the obstacle to Karma Yoga. 155 Karma Yoga prepares the mind to receive self-knowledge. 155 This This ulti ultimat mate e kno knowle wledg dge e is revea revealed led by God God at at the the time time of crea creatio tion. n. 16 161 1 We carry carry our impress impressions ions,, p prefe referenc rences es and knowledg knowledge ea acros cross s all all birth births. s. We should live according to Dharma prescribed in Vedas. 166
Summary of teaching 54. 55.. 55 56. 57. 58. 59. 60.. 60 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74.
Knower of Brahman becomes Brahman. 169 Witho Without ut exce except ptio ion, n, all all hum human an be bein ings gs are are try tryin ing g to to kno know w Bra Brahm hman an.. 17 172 2 Many do not know that their goal is Joyful Living. 173 Many Many do no nott know know wh what at will will give give them them fulfil fulfillme lment nt.. 174 17 4 Many wrongly link their goal in life with happiness. 175 Majority of the educated people do not know the right path. 175 It is ea easi sier er to wo work rk in the the ext exter erna nall wor world ld than than to wo work rk on the the min mind. d. 17 175 5 Many do not know their capability to reach the destination. 176 Only Only Aura Aura do domin minan antt pe peopl ople e can merge merge with with God. God. 177 17 7 Dropping the ego is merging with God. 179 You can do any action if you know that you do not act. 180 Willful Willful abstent abstention ion from sense sense o objec bjects ts give give strength strength to sense sense organs.1 organs.184 84 Scientific inquiry of Vedas will reveal the ultimate knowledge. 187 Knowledge removes our desires, attachment and delusions. 189 Knowledge erases all our past impressions. 189 Knowledge converts all our actions into inaction. 190 Faith and scientific investigation leads to Joyful Living. 191 Knowledge about the universe leads to Joyful Living. 195 Lifestyle facilitates and does not determine the result. 196 Profe Professi ssiona onall Lifes Lifestyl tyle e facil facilita itate tes s menta mentall matur maturity ity and Spiritual Lifestyle facilitates self-knowledge. 197 Most people are bound to action and cannot renounce them. 204
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75. 76. 77. 78. 79.. 79 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88.. 88 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101.. 101 102.. 102 103. 104. 105. 106.. 106 107. 108. 109. 110. 111.. 111 112. 113. 114. 115.. 115 116.
On gaining self-knowledge, all actions are renounced. 208 There is no happiness in the objects of the world. 210 Meditation is a tool to refine the mind to see the truth. 214 Roles played by people are relative and not absolute. 234 Grow Growth th de depe pend nds s on the the att attit itud ude e an and d not not on the the typ type e of of act activ ivit itie ies. s. 236 23 6 Happine Hap piness ss increas increases es with Physical Physical,, Emoti Emotiona onall and and Inte Intellec llectua tuall level levels. s. Intellec Inte llectual tual compreh comprehensi ension on of God God gives gives the the highest highest grade grade of happ happines iness. s. Only very few people in the world can know God. 248 God is both the intelligent and material ca cause of the universe. 251 The higher higher nature nature of of God God is Brahman Brahman (Intelli (Intelligent gent Cau Cause) se) and the lower lower nature is Illusion (Material Cause). 253 There is nothing but God. 254 The benefit of knowing God is Joyful Living. 255 Everything that happens in our life is due to the grace of God. 257 The The ill illus usor ory y uni unive vers rse e is is mor more e att attra ract ctiv ive e tha than n the the real realit ity, y, Brah Brahma man. n. 25 257 7 God controls the entire creation through his power of IlIllusion. 259 Surre Surrende nderin ring g to th the e ma maste sterr of illus illusion ion,, God God is the the on only ly way way to gain gain liberation from the illusion. 260 Faith in God helps us to progress faster. 262 Seeking God while in trouble is good. 263 Seeking God for material prosperity is better. 264 Seeking God for knowing God is the best. 264 Knower of God is the dearest person to God. 265 Prayers with faith to the personal god are answered by God. 267 Faith in God helps the intelligent people to know God. 269 Joyful Living is possible only if we know God. 270 Formless Brahman appears to be the universe, which is God. 288 God manifests, sustains and resolve the creation cyclically. 294 God ensures ensures that every every being being lives lives in an envir environme onment nt that that is dicta dictated ted by its its past actions. 294 God ensures ensures that each child child g grow rows s into into an adult adult witho without ut any influenc influence e from its parents or by its environment. 294 God remains impartial both to a devotee and to an atheist. 297 Devotion to God is graded based on knowledge of God. 302 God is not only the means but also the destination for all. 305 God answers answers our prayers prayers accordin according g tto oo our ur preferenc preferences es and impress impressions ions.. God provides the material support ifif the destination is God. 307 Offerings to God should be made with the right attitude. 311 Offerings to God will facilitate surrender of the Ego. 312 The best devotee tee is on one e who has sur surren rendering ring the the eg ego o to God. 313 God forgives forgives all our past mistakes mistakes if we we surre surrender nder to Him complete completely. ly. We should do all our actions with God consciousness. 316 God has given the knowledge to us through Vedas. 319 The purpose of miracles is to demonstrate the glory of G Go od. 328 We shou should ld surre surrende nderr our our freew freewill ill to to God God and and live live accor according ding to His His will. will. We are inseparable part of the universe. 330
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117. 118. 119. 120.. 120 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126.. 126 127.. 127 128.. 128 129. 12 9. 130. 131. 13 1. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141.. 141 142.. 142 143. 144.. 144 145. 146. 147.. 147 148. 149. 150.
We can reach God through entertainment. 347 The Pious Person enjoys life with twenty qualities. 358 The ob obser server is th the ob observe rved be becau aus se th there ere is is onl only y on one re reality ity. 361 God unites unites the individu individual al observe observerr with with the vast vast un univer iverse se insepar inseparably ably.. Brahman is eternal and causeless. 368 Brahman is not limited by time, space or object. 368 Brahman alone exists. It is the only reality. 368 This Atman is Brahman. 369 Brahman is conscious, eternal and joyful. 373 Bhakthi Bhakthi Yoga Yoga compr comprisin ising go off K Karma arma Yoga, Yoga, Upas Upasana ana Yoga Yoga a and nd Jnana Yoga Yoga is the only path to know Brahman. 381 Karma Karma yoga yoga is is to dedicate dedicate all the physical physical action action to to God God and and accep acceptt the the results as a gift from God. 381 Upasana Upa sana Yoga Yoga is pure mental mental actio action n to refine refine our our mind mind by align aligning ing the five layers of our personality. 382 Jnana Jnana Yoga Yoga is is to gain gain know knowled ledge, ge, ‘I‘I am Brah Brahman man’’ throug through h Inqui Inquiry, ry, Introspection and Inner Transformation. 384 Brahman is the seed-giving father of the creation. 390 Illus Illusion ion,, compri comprisin sing g of Aura, Aura, Ene Energy rgy and and Matte Matter, r, is the the mothe motherr of the the creation. 390 We are good or bad depending on the composition of AEM. 393 Aura, Energy and Matter (AEM) together binds us. 395 We need to use AEM to gain freedom. 399 Only fully ripened ego can be surrendered to God 401 Brahman is the only truth. World is an illusion. 408 Wor World does not have the power to hurt us or make us happy. 414 We should understand the central message of Vedanta. 417 We should validate Vedanta through scientific investigation. 417 We should meditate on the knowledge, “I am Brahman”. 420 Good Good qualit qualities ies that give hap happine piness ss to to self self and and other others sa are re to to be cultivat cultivated. ed. Bad qua qualitie lities s th that at hurt hurt self and others others are are to to be reduced reduced or elimi eliminate nated. d. Desire is the root cause of all evil qualities. 428 Dharma Dha rma in all all our our actio actions ns will will relea release se us us from from the the clutc clutches hes of of desire desire.428 .428 Quality of life depends on the dominance of Aura in our mind. 437 Eat Aura dominant food in moderation at regular intervals. 437 Work is worsh worship. ip. Try to achie achieve ve perfecti perfection on in the chosen chosen profess profession ion 438 Practice austerity with respect to deeds, words and thoughts. 438 Giving charity and helping others increases Aura in us. 439 Aura dominant person will attain Brahman and live joyfully. 439
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