AL-GHAZZALI
.•••ran .•••ran sla tld
THE
Al-Ghazzali's "Ihya' By
THE
Al-Ghazzali's "Ihya' By
AM ME ER CA
PUBl PUBliS iS ERS, ERS,
UN VE ER RS TY OF BE RU
BO KS Q,ER Q,ER
EXPORTERS
THE
Al-Ghazzali's "Ihya' By
AM ME ER CA
PUBl PUBliS iS ERS, ERS,
UN VE ER RS TY OF BE RU
BO KS Q,ER Q,ER
EXPORTERS
PREFACE Copyri Copyright ght All rights rights reserv reserved. ed.
omin omin do ISB
NO. 969-432969-432-140140-
Publ Publis ishe he
by
S H S HA HA HZ HZ A R IA IA Z MUHAMMAD AD ASllRA ASllRAF, F, For SH. MUHAMM Publishers Booksellers, 7-Aibak ibak Road Road (New (New Anark Anarkali ali Lahor LahoreePrinted
edie edieva va Isla Isla
(Pak (Pak). ).
Kita quarter, i.e., the Kita
o un un d a t
al-S al-Sal alah ah
he
Lahore
C o y ri ri gh gh t
p ro ro c s s t ra ra ns ns la la t of th Publ Publis ishe her. r.
(Madr (M adras, as, 1925) 1925)
Ihya'
Ne World World Prin Printe ters rs AibakRoad
I nt nt er er n na a ti ti on on a
no sing single le
al-D al-Dit it appear appeared ed in Engli English, sh,
an urop urop an an ag at that that un il an Macd Macdon onal al publ publis ishe he in th Asia Asiati ti ciet ciet (190 (1901, 1, pp 195195-25 252, 2, 705705-74 748, 8, an 02 -28)an -28)an En li rs on oo II i.e. th Ki ab da th quar quar he hy ', i.e. al-S al-Sam ama' a' w-al w-al-W -Waj aj (O udit uditio io an rief rief). ). Th he Ihya' as Edwi Edwi E.
1991
Reprinted
to us from from
Ihya Ihya 'Ulu 'Ulu
ct no
in an
may be reproduced
o rt rt io io n
l an an gu gu ag ag e
i th th ou ou t
th
he Kita al-T al-Tlm lm uart uart r, am ly he Kita no le ),tra ),tra slat slat th re it an publ publis ishe he by M.Ashr M.Ashraf af Laho Lahore re an BookIII BookIII of th l-Khaw aw r- lfo rt ua ter, ter, am y, he Ki ab l-Kh
by any
r iitt te te n p el - i ss ss i
Raja I I ' . . .
foll follow ow ngyear ngyear 63 sa also also th ub ic tion tion Engl Englis ish, h, of tw othe othe book book of th Ihya': oo of
(Ada al-M al-Ma' a'is isha hah. h. wa Exemp Exemplif lifiedby iedby the Prophe Prophe (Ada Akhlaq Akhlaq al-Nub al-Nubuwa uwah), h), tran transl slat ated ed byL. byL. Zolo Zolond ndekan ekan IV
quarter, (The Foun Founda dati tion on of th rtic rticle le of Fait Faith) h) tran transl slat ated ed by th pres presen en rite rite an publ publis ishe he alsoby alsoby .Ashr .Ashraf af
Kita Asra Asra oo III ofthe firs firs quar quarte ter, r, na ely, ely, th Kita al-Taharah (O he ys ri ri y) ho alrofo rofo ri Ihya' an an at
houl houl not, not, th refo refore re hr ri
egle egle ted. ted. Th an
CONTENTS
On Purifi Purificat cation ion fro
Impuri Impuritie tie
Kafr al-Z al-Zag agha hari ri in A.H. A.H. 1352 1352 from from
he
ro
Mutt Muttaq aqin in bi-S bi-Sha harh rh Ihya Ihya 'Ulu 'Ulu
at -S al-D al-Din in of al-Sayyi al-Sayyi It
Purificatio Purificatio from Excremen Excrements ts .TheEtiq .TheEtique uett tt ofAnsw ofAnswer erin in the Call Call
Sadah; .Co ra an ri ra (N .1 ). In vers vers s, ha pend pend version.
Ihya'
he
ri
rs
ra la ainl ainl on J. M. Rodw Rodwell ell's 's
at
spea speaki king ng scho schola lars rs will will draw draw mistakes.
he h, -A ab bene benefi fit, t, 'eve 'eve fro my
eE ft fP On Clean Cleanlin liness ess and Clean Cleansin sin ,
Nabih Nabih Amin Amin Faris Faris Beirut, Marc Marc 29 1966 1966
VI
4
quarter, (The Foun Founda dati tion on of th rtic rticle le of Fait Faith) h) tran transl slat ated ed by th pres presen en rite rite an publ publis ishe he alsoby alsoby .Ashr .Ashraf af
Kita Asra Asra oo III ofthe firs firs quar quarte ter, r, na ely, ely, th Kita al-Taharah (O he ys ri ri y) ho alrofo rofo ri Ihya' an an at
houl houl not, not, th refo refore re hr ri
CONTENTS
egle egle ted. ted. Th an
On Purifi Purificat cation ion fro
Impuri Impuritie tie
Kafr al-Z al-Zag agha hari ri in A.H. A.H. 1352 1352 from from
he
ro
at
Mutt Muttaq aqin in bi-S bi-Sha harh rh Ihya Ihya 'Ulu 'Ulu
It
-S
al-D al-Din in of al-Sayyi al-Sayyi
Purificatio Purificatio from Excremen Excrements ts .TheEtiq .TheEtique uett tt ofAnsw ofAnswer erin in the Call Call
Sadah; .Co ra an ri ra (N .1 ). In vers vers s, ha pend pend version.
Ihya'
he
ri
eE
rs
ft fP
ra la ainl ainl on J. M. Rodw Rodwell ell's 's
at
spea speaki king ng scho schola lars rs will will draw draw mistakes.
he h, -A ab bene benefi fit, t, 'eve 'eve fro my
On Clean Cleanlin liness ess and Clean Cleansin sin ,
Nabih Nabih Amin Amin Faris Faris Beirut, Marc Marc 29 1966 1966
VI
OO
Compassionate.
4
OO
Compassionate.
an er
afflicti
cleanliness."1
Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
:rhe Mysterie
prayer.P ai 'Therein re ho re purity an od loveth th purified."3The Prophe als said "Purificationis on hal of belief.s Godalso said "Goddesireth no to la burden upon you, bu "5
xter als, thos
ho poss ss insigh
ok .t
th
ofPurit
.In ie
he in
se
to ha
he
aj ty
knowledg of Go il neve actually descen into th in os self unless verythin othe than odis re oved therefro Fo this reason od said "Say
purification ofthe heart, because, it is very unlikely ha he rd he ht "P rifi at cl an th bodywith
ro
knowledg of Go and allegianc to anothe besides Him] no create fo an tw hearts ithi him.
an
impuritie and filth
As he ac iv he he rt th [113] rp rn it th praiseworthy traits an th doctrine establishe by th aw
impurities, and bodilygrowths an discharges", The second stag is th purification of th bodily senses purification of th
hear
from blam
orth
traits
purificatio of th\einmost sel (sirr) from everything hi as ta is that he ro hets an saints.
co pris on half of it activities This firs half is rere si th that purifi atio is on half.. belief Similarly'the purification of th bodily senses from th forbidde hi ha he ti he ta
Tirmidhi, Taharah:3 :1
th differen stag ow rank Noon
;al
6.
re
Ar. fadalat, sing. fadlah, a n d i c ha rg e w hi c a r u su a l y r e o ve d b y u c o pe ra ti o as manciuring shavin th head an beard, an circumcision
Th Kita
he
he ha f. he he re ofbeli an very stag ha it il attain th higher stag unless
ific ti
surah
he
ro
th
iv:91.
Asrar al-Taharah Th Mysterie
acco plishe frrs.tthe purification of th
is ir ificatio ly se fr th forbid en thin an ad rn th it rk he re reci an le th desire object beco es th or ifficult is th ay it attain t, th lo er is th road hi lead t, at ar th ta le ic lo attained throug er ishing or achieved throug t. in ig fails to distinguis et en th se iffere stag il rc iv lo ic is iv le to th la an term sk th esir fr it il
all his
't:
ashing clothes, cleaninghis body an outdoing hi self in th us .o (istinja
fear it hich he is obsessed an ofa hallucinatio hi ellsin hi in that th esir an le ty is twar an te ignoranc of th life of th
earl
lu io it te hristian oman to ar th ly an th in
hear from
usli s: ho
ja
ic
lo
li at an
to
dto
as th ir ~t te
(ushnan)
prostratin
themselves directly on th
th th te am confined themselves exclusivel to th for abstersion th
ti
wiping ur finger agains th
an
round, an
th us of st ne
(ahlal-Suffah)
pebble an
rubbin
magnificat (takbir}.8
agains
ur feet
am ly th
they
"9
ie es [f
al-Bukbari, Wudu:44. ibn-Majah At'imah: 2!l, Se al-Darimi, Salah; 10-13; ibn-Majah. Taharah:15-1
ofPurity
9.
Ib,15.
fl
r] th
se
al al
Th Kita
Asrar al-Taharah Th Mysterie
acco plishe frrs.tthe purification of th
is ir ificatio ly se fr th forbid en thin an ad rn th it rk he re reci an le th desire object beco es th or ifficult is th ay it attain t, th lo er is th road hi lead t, at ar th ta le ic lo attained throug er ishing or achieved throug t. in ig fails to distinguis et en th se iffere stag il rc iv lo ic is iv le to th la an term sk th esir fr it il
all his
't:
ashing clothes, cleaninghis body an outdoing hi self in th us .o (istinja
fear it hich he is obsessed an ofa hallucinatio hi ellsin hi in that th esir an le ty is twar an te ignoranc of th life of th
earl
lu io it te hristian oman to ar th ly an th in
hear from
usli s: ho
ofPurity
ja
ic
lo
li at an
to
dto
as th ir ~t te
(ushnan)
prostratin
themselves directly on th
th th te am confined themselves exclusivel to th for abstersion th
ti
wiping ur finger agains th
an
round, an
th us of st ne
(ahlal-Suffah)
pebble an
rubbin
magnificat (takbir}.8
agains
ur feet
am ly th
they
"9
ie es [f
fl
r] th
se
al al
al-Bukbari, Wudu:44. ibn-Majah At'imah: 2!l, Se al-Darimi, Salah; 10-13; ibn-Majah. Taharah:15-1
Th Kita
eati
told th
Asra
9.
Ib,15.
al-Tahara
Th Mysterie
tru'unah)
to satiety.
'Why ha
yo ta
yo
ho ?'''
ofPurit
iv le
to
leanli
10
filthy,
12
wallowingin
knowledge hav
disappeared
Taharah:137. hi p.235; Tahdhi
"F ,A - A . 7 1 - 5 Se al-Asma, pp.135-36.
ib
Qutaybah
Ibn-Majah Zuhd:4
~7
Th Kita
eati
Asra
al-Tahara
Th Mysterie
tru'unah)
to satiety.
told th
ofPurit
'Why ha
yo ta
yo
ho ?'''
iv le
to
leanli
10
filthy,
12
wallowingin
knowledge hav
disappeared
Taharah:137. hi p.235; Tahdhi
"F ,A - A . 7 1 - 5 Se al-Asma, pp.135-36.
ib
Qutaybah
Ibn-Majah Zuhd:4
~7
Th Kita Asra
trea ever case on it ow
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
erit." Nevertheless this
le
an th
like
id
other' 'similar devices, if themselves withou referenc to anything else they ll is ible tain tuatio
.are acti
th
is
it
aste
er is ible is quit he is
tr
an
th
amenta ar reli io an ar co eq entl as th inte atio he th Prophet. "Religionwas founded on cleanliness.
servance al thes rule leanli es t, li th earl usli s,are lenien therein, ar subjecte rs ri tu ai th il they ar erformed fo th rp se ad rnin th an autifyin it his, in fact is hy crisy, whic is forbidden. Bythes tw consideration will the become evil.
fail to
acti
er th
them is
he
ir
ce sure
is he
in
th se thin th
th
ar in he extravagant.
id
an th
il
io tilized, is
in thes practice is il
rl il th
it ld an ee er at that si th ig te ar th th fa rite he idle ho ld no glec cleanlines hi self an disapprove of it in th Sufi ompanions. Fo to emulat th ompanion trul is to ev te esel ex ep to that hich is re ai to aw ar ?" "F
al-Tai'" "W ydo ie
th
raye in
th
conversation Consequently to spend this [otherwise aste ti f"th ir in thes ractices ec es
As should no spen an oftheir ti at is ar
fu
ar
he to io
ific ti id
ofPurit
Vol. VI p.255; ib Qutaybah
~-
p.257.
av
thin
Th Kita Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
trea ever case on it ow
erit." Nevertheless this
le
an th
like
id
other' 'similar devices, if themselves withou referenc to anything else they ll is ible tain tuatio
th
er is ible is quit he is
.are acti
is
it
aste
tr
an
th
amenta ar reli io an ar co eq entl as th inte atio he th Prophet. "Religionwas founded on cleanliness.
servance al thes rule leanli es t, li th earl usli s,are lenien therein, ar subjecte rs ri tu ai th il they ar erformed fo th rp se ad rnin th an autifyin it his, in fact is hy crisy, whic is forbidden. Bythes tw consideration will the become evil.
fail to
acti
er
them is
he
ir
ce sure
th
is he
in
th se thin th
th
conversation Consequently to spend this [otherwise aste ti f"th ir in thes ractices ec es th
ar in he extravagant.
id
an th
il
As should no spen an oftheir ti at is ar
fu
ar
he to io
ific ti id
ofPurit
io tilized, is
in thes practice is il
rl il th
it ld an ee er at that si th ig te ar th th fa rite he idle ho ld no glec cleanlines hi self an disapprove of it in th Sufi ompanions. Fo to emulat th ompanion trul is to ev te esel ex ep to that hich is re ai to aw ar ?" "F
al-Tai'" "W ydo ie
th
av
thin
raye Vol. VI p.255; ib Qutaybah
in
p.257.
~-
Th Kita
lear
an
th
aVOI wearin
th
Asrar al-Taharah
tu ent,
Th Mysterie
th
clothe whic
la th
re
ho ld
orPurity
th
lear ed
an
laundry-ma
As a~te ac th arly li th ir ay hile ea in ta th as to if er
to fo -c at an tiat tw
avoide al impurities wherever an whenever they subtle possibilities. They, however, scrutinized ver carefully the subtleties of hypocris an injustice, so that Su ya al-Tha told co anio ayb! ow er
ul
hi
th
ad ju
ot have
ee
as
extravagant.
il
tt
fo th
lear
an
c~othescarefull fo him because fro the poin of Vl~wof lenience,.thi is better. Th ordinary person il ~fit is in he il th iv hi soul hich urge to evil omething er issi le to kepp it busy an consequently keep it from sinning. F? th oul, unless it is ep busy it so ething
10
world.
eril
possibilities ofimpurity. it
et this illu tratio th fore as re inde othe imilar orks.and activities to te in thei if er al an to ta li thei orde ofpreference Fo care in preserving th
"Don
extravagant. Thus [the earl Muslims]spen al th effort ofthei mind in pointing ou such subtleties
here
benefit in everyrespect.
is an thin ce th fo th ta ic is th cleanlines ofthe body because, in th firs half of th oo we purp sely do no addres oursel es excep to external an outward things. th re ay that th ri icatio th od is divi ed into thre parts: purification fr an urificatio fr bodily ro th an ischarges,
pube with
av depilatory, circumcision,and the like.
11
Th Kita
lear
an
th
aVOI wearin
th
Asrar al-Taharah
tu ent,
Th Mysterie
th
clothe whic
la th
re
orPurity
ho ld
th
lear ed
an
laundry-ma
As a~te ac th arly li th ir ay hile ea in ta th as to if er
to fo -c at an tiat tw
avoide al impurities wherever an whenever they subtle possibilities. They, however, scrutinized ver carefully the subtleties of hypocris an injustice, so that Su ya al-Tha told co anio ayb! ow er
ul
hi
th
ad ju
ot have
ee
as
extravagant.
il
tt
fo th
world.
eril
possibilities ofimpurity. it
et this illu tratio th fore as re inde othe imilar orks.and activities to te in thei if er al an to ta li thei orde ofpreference Fo care in preserving th
"Don
extravagant. Thus [the earl Muslims]spen al th effort ofthei mind in pointing ou such subtleties
here
benefit in everyrespect.
lear
an
c~othescarefull fo him because fro the poin of Vl~wof lenience,.thi is better. Th ordinary person il ~fit is in he il th iv hi soul hich urge to evil omething er issi le to kepp it busy an consequently keep it from sinning. F? th oul, unless it is ep busy it so ething
is an thin ce th fo th ta ic is th cleanlines ofthe body because, in th firs half of th oo we purp sely do no addres oursel es excep to external an outward things. th re ay that th ri icatio th od is divi ed into thre parts: purification fr an urificatio fr bodily ro th an ischarges,
pube with
av depilatory, circumcision,and the like.
10
11
Th Mysterie
co
ises al
et thin
ofPurity
hich th
at li sali
On Purification from Impurities th Examinatio Removed, th Vehicl of Removal, an th Manner of Removal. THA WHIC IS REMOVED impurity. Substance
(ayan)
(al-muzal).
animate objects.
As in ic ti ag te objects, all, pr ducts, ar ure. he animat object die, they ll im iv ,na ly an fish locusts, appl worms, and, of th sa category as appl worms, is ever foodwhic changes, as well as ever form life hich ha no flowingbloo like impure when such object fall into it. tw
As to th arts inanimat je ts they ar in s. he firs co ri es th thin hi
dead odies. [Oneexceptio is th hair
hich is no
ho ever ar re dere im ur by death. Th seco 12.
ex
an
an th
at an
th
es
hate er .to
impure in al animals. othi is exempted ofth~se impurities except five things Th first, th re am ab it at
exempted,
[d ie
it
th fact that thei im
rity
hi th an av id i. ., ic is th result of negligence or oversight. hird ha hang
ha been wipe off,becaus ofnecessity Fourth the lo le little th inar imit hirt in el e' shirt, hich yo ay ar th th im an th discharge. Ibn-'U ar once wipe of pimple on his
ateg is ha chro ic il is harg as ll ~s th bl od hich issues afte phleboto y, exce th au an ic
ho
th
tr
im le ic le atio th that th ri ci le
an is
ti
lw itie th aw rity is le ie ce an al
13
Th Mysterie
co
ises al
et thin
ofPurity
hich th
at li sali
On Purification from Impurities th Examinatio Removed, th Vehicl of Removal, an th Manner of Removal. THA WHIC IS REMOVED impurity. Substance
(ayan)
(al-muzal).
animate objects.
As in ic ti ag te objects, all, pr ducts, ar ure. he animat object die, they ll im iv ,na ly an fish locusts, appl worms, and, of th sa category as appl worms, is ever foodwhic changes, as well as ever form life hich ha no flowingbloo like impure when such object fall into it. tw
As to th arts inanimat je ts they ar in s. he firs co ri es th thin hi
dead odies. [Oneexceptio is th hair
an
an th
Asra
[d ie
it
th fact that thei im
ha been wipe off,becaus ofnecessity Fourth the lo le little th inar imit hirt in el e' shirt, hich yo ay ar th th im an th discharge. Ibn-'U ar once wipe of pimple on his
ateg is ha chro ic il is harg as ll ~s th bl od hich issues afte phleboto y, exce th au an ic
ho
th im le ic le atio th that th ri ci le
tr
lw itie th aw rity is le ie ce an al
13
Th
al-Taharah
The vehicl of remova (al-muza bihi is either he he ",hich ha beep purified throug bein [sun-] dried. dry relic ofany veneration. to liquids, none of them re oves impurities
contaminated throug it contac it othe bodies Again contac with impurities, it change .in tast or colour r. If th ha ha
becaus th Prophe said 'Whe ater issufficient "14 to fill Accordin to al-Shafi'i if beco impure This relate to stagnant ater only at ,' he he ha .whe contaminated with these impurities beco impure except those beneat an below,because the ripple Similarly, the impurities, if they sh ul flowin th atercourse render impure th part in whic the
50 ab
14
ti
an is
herein th
Mysterie
a wu d T ah a a h 3 3
ofPurit
fall if If
obsession which hav no foundation.
a ha ra h
rity
hi th an av id i. ., ic is th result of negligence or oversight. hird ha hang
ar
a l T ir m d h
hate er .to
exempted,
12.
Th Kita
at an
th
es
impure in al animals. othi is exempted ofth~se impurities except five things Th first, th re am ab it at
hich is no
ho ever ar re dere im ur by death. Th seco
ex
lies over th them is
impurities is
,o re an
ha
ca it th size of hi is larg than tw itch rs If an amount ofimpure ater equa to tw pitchers becomepure if ixed [wit larger quantity ofpure water]. This is th position of al Shafi' ha hoped, ho he
ha ight impure ex ep throug
r, hang ~n tast
ol ur or
rs ld provok suspicio an fear It ha therefor beco er difficul to ob erve this rule an upon life woul fin tha ou fo themselves. conditio ha been stipulated then akka an al adinah be ause of th scar it of runnin at he achievin purity Ye from th ti ofthe Apostl of he ys crisis pertaining to purificatio no single question concerning th anne of safeguarding wate from impurities ha been reported Th vessle in which slave-girl wh were no carefu agains impurities
15
Th Kita
Asra
Th
al-Taharah
ar
herein th
Mysterie
fall if If
obsession which hav no foundation. The vehicl of remova (al-muza bihi is either he he ",hich ha beep purified throug bein [sun-] dried. dry relic ofany veneration. to liquids, none of them re oves impurities
contaminated throug it contac it othe bodies Again contac with impurities, it change .in tast or colour r. If th ha ha
becaus th Prophe said 'Whe ater issufficient "14 to fill Accordin to al-Shafi'i if beco impure This relate to stagnant ater only at ,' he he ha .whe contaminated with these impurities beco impure except those beneat an below,because the ripple Similarly, the impurities, if they sh ul flowin th atercourse render impure th part in whic the
a l T ir m d h
a ha ra h
50 ab
lies over th them is
impurities is
leave
ha
becomepure if ixed [wit larger quantity ofpure water]. This is th position of al Shafi' ha hoped, ho he
ha ight impure ex ep throug
r, hang ~n tast
ol ur or
rs ld provok suspicio an fear It ha therefor beco er difficul to ob erve this rule an upon life woul fin tha ou fo themselves. conditio ha been stipulated then akka an al adinah be ause of th scar it of runnin at he achievin purity Ye from th ti ofthe Apostl of he ys crisis pertaining to purificatio no single question concerning th anne of safeguarding wate from impurities ha been reported Th vessle in which
15
al-Taharah
traditio whic fulfil al requirements (sarih) in establishing that ater beco es impure only when it change [i taste, or colour or odour] therwise th im urit ofth hristian omanand that fher
th acti fo
re an
slave-girl wh were no carefu agains impurities
a wu d T ah a a h 3 3
urth rm re 'U ar perfor hi ablution it at fromthe ja ofa hristian oman This ac of
uptenabl
,o
ca it th size of hi is larg than tw itch rs If an amount ofimpure ater equa to tw pitchers
14
·The Kita Asra
ofPurit
Th fact that no uestio fo of'Umar is an ther he ha he
oncernin it
Th Mysterie
ofPurit
necessity, need an necessit ar alsopresent in th other. There is no differenc betwee pourin wate
here here rpractice in laundr an washing
ry
Afi rf
rs
lo
he
is
disagreemen concerning the position. of al-Shafi'i ha in ru at he
vessel unprotecte agains it even afte he
olou or odour] it il till re ai permissibl to th te ablu io te al he
hile
thir
ro
IS
cats godownto th bottom ofthe
el fo
ater
Th fourth proo is that al-Shafi'i ha definitely been washed as pure as long it di no underg ha in te r, ], as impure heneve it di nd rg an su hang
ts hi 15
ri
ho
th
ts y? If he
Al-TirmidhiTaharah 69;ibn-Majah,Taharah;32.
16
runnin strong
an stil at r. po life argu ent: to base th decisi
hi is th on th la
Furthermore, ha ar th li itations of this force? oe it extend to th ater hich flows'Withinthe at hi flow ithi th pipe of baths, ha accounts fo th difference?An if it does extend to such ater that ·isthe differencebetwee ha fall
runnin waters Furthermore that ater hich flow ov ri im al ho
if
olid an
stationary
·The Kita Asra
al-Taharah
urth rm re 'U ar perfor hi ablution it at fromthe ja ofa hristian oman This ac of traditio whic fulfil al requirements (sarih) in establishing that ater beco es impure only when it change [i taste, or colour or odour] therwise th im urit ofth hristian omanand that fher
uptenabl
th acti fo leave
Th fact that no uestio fo of'Umar is an ther he ha he
Th Mysterie
ofPurit
necessity, need an necessit ar alsopresent in th other. There is no differenc betwee pourin wate
here here rpractice in laundr an washing
ry
Afi
oncernin it
rf
rs
lo
he
is
disagreemen concerning the position. of al-Shafi'i ha in ru at he
vessel unprotecte agains it even afte he
olou or odour] it il till re ai permissibl to th te ablu io te al he
hile
thir
ro
IS
cats godownto th bottom ofthe
el fo
runnin strong
ater
Th fourth proo is that al-Shafi'i ha definitely been washed as pure as long it di no underg ha in te r, ], as impure heneve it di nd rg an su hang
ts hi 15
ri
ho
hi is th on th la
Furthermore, ha ar th li itations of this force? oe it extend to th ater hich flows'Withinthe at hi flow ithi th pipe of baths, ha accounts fo th difference?An if it does extend to such ater that ·isthe differencebetwee ha fall
runnin waters Furthermore that ater hich flow ov ri im al ho
ts y? If he
th
an stil at r. po life argu ent: to base th decisi
if
olid an
stationary
Al-TirmidhiTaharah 69;ibn-Majah,Taharah;32.
16
Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
The Mysterie
of Purity
je
contact?
hi
re
in in
ai
ha
th
at
ju that
removing impurities
ater
hr
be
it si
re ails over impurities an
at
dipppe into th se ta ks in
id ra
he
it
it
th
ss
fo
he
ti
ibn-Majah, Taharah:76.
18
19
t.
Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
The Mysterie
of Purity
je
contact?
hi
re
in in
ai
ha
th
at
ju that
removing impurities
ater
hr
be
it si
re ails over impurities an
at
dipppe into th se ta ks in
id ra
he
it
it
th
ss
fo
he
t.
ti
ibn-Majah, Taharah:76.
18
Th Kita
arti st therefrom.
19
Asrar al-Taharah
sh
Th Mysterie
he
atli
th se im
riti
in reas
ofPUrit
he
he ar
As
schools'? to ordinar
change throug
it
ontact
it
or inar
im urities.
impurities.
inclined to be tolerant an
that sp ri ha disputed proble
hukm yah)
lenient, foll
al
st am
an
an
ib
se it to
ip
ss
th
an
th
ro id
i.e.
he
ha
hy ical
ho
hl
an
rg
ha 17.
20
in
ofpurity.
i.e., physical
ssar
in th rein
Th Malikite an th Sahfi'ite.
21
('ayniyah)
rsiste
an
as
Th Kita
arti st therefrom.
Asrar al-Taharah
sh
Th Mysterie
he
atli
th se im
riti
in reas
ofPUrit
he
he ar
As
schools'? to ordinar
change throug
it
ontact
it
or inar
im urities.
impurities.
inclined to be tolerant an
that sp ri ha disputed proble
hukm yah)
lenient, foll
al
i.e.
ssar
an
an
ib
se it to
ip
ss
th
an
th
ro id
in
ofpurity.
i.e., physical
st am
in th rein
he
ha
('ayniyah)
hy ical
ho
hl
rsiste
an
as
an
rg
ha 17.
Th Malikite an th Sahfi'ite.
20
Th Kita Asra
21
al-Taharah
washing as in th case of th persistenc of olour. will do away with fear an suspicio to know that ri ie
re
prov the presenc ofimpurities
Purification
from Excrements (ahdath)
comprises ablutions (wudu), major ablutio (ghusl), an rifi at an (tayammum), preceded by abstersion (istinja). shal no stat th anne thei perfor ance in th prescribed
etiquette ofanswerin the call ofnature THE ETIQUET.TEO ANSWERINGTHE CAL OF NATURE [The person should go into th ildern ss fa fr he ye lo .18H ho he te hi self behind so thin heneve possible an should no unconver hi nakednes ('awrah) before
when hi nakednes is uncovere except [that positionl.t" It
is
18.
C{.Ibn-Majab, Taharah;22.
19.
Ibn-Majah, Taharah:
he
fo hi
17 18 al-Tirmidhi, Taharah:51
he is he
Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
washing as in th case of th persistenc of olour. will do away with fear an suspicio to know that ri ie
re
prov the presenc ofimpurities
Purification
from Excrements (ahdath)
comprises ablutions (wudu), major ablutio (ghusl), an rifi at an (tayammum), preceded by abstersion (istinja). shal no stat th anne thei perfor ance in th prescribed
etiquette ofanswerin the call ofnature THE ETIQUET.TEO ANSWERINGTHE CAL OF NATURE [The person should go into th ildern ss fa fr he ye lo .18H ho he te hi self behind so thin heneve possible an should no unconver hi nakednes ('awrah) before
when hi nakednes is uncovere except [that positionl.t" It
Th Kita Asra
is
18.
C{.Ibn-Majab, Taharah;22.
19.
Ibn-Majah, Taharah:
fo hi
he is he
17 18 al-Tirmidhi, Taharah:51
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
he
ofPurit
Again 25Ibn-al-Mubarak
therein."
His Apostle.26 He
22 'Umar '0
ti
3Y
.2
0.
Ibn-Majah, Taharah
25 al-Tirmidhi
Taharah:6.
25.
Abu-Dawud, Taharah: 15 ibn-Majah, Taharah:12
21.
Abu-Dawud Taharah:16.
26.
Cfabu-Dawu
22.
Al-Tirmidh~ Taharah;8
27.
23.
Ibid, Taharah:8.
Cf Bukhari, Wudu:9
28.
cf.al-Tirmidhi,
Taharah: 5; ibn-Majah, Taharah:10
29.
Cf. Ibn-Majah
Taharah:19.
24.
if
Taharah: 9j ibn-Majah, Taharah:8.
24
al-Tirmidhi,
Taharah: 14 ibn-Majah Taharah.11 al-
Th Kita Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
ofPurit
Again 25Ibn-al-Mubarak
therein."
His Apostle.26 He
22 'Umar '0
ti
3Y
.2
0.
Ibn-Majah, Taharah
25 al-Tirmidhi
Taharah:6.
25.
Abu-Dawud, Taharah: 15 ibn-Majah, Taharah:12
21.
Abu-Dawud Taharah:16.
26.
Cfabu-Dawu
22.
Al-Tirmidh~ Taharah;8
27.
23.
Ibid, Taharah:8.
Cf Bukhari, Wudu:9
28.
cf.al-Tirmidhi,
Taharah: 5; ibn-Majah, Taharah:10
29.
Cf. Ibn-Majah
Taharah:19.
24.
if
al-Tirmidhi,
Taharah: 9j ibn-Majah, Taharah:8.
Taharah: 14 ibn-Majah Taharah.11 al-
24
Th Kita
Asra
al-Taharah
an obsessio whic will hi perf rmed th hi
ac
at
abst rsio ]. hi
Consequently, he will ov hi throug fear an suspicio
ra ri raise it tail," (The'wormwoodi an aro atic desert ro -r stooping is raising the posterio part) is so ti allo fo th an to urinat clos to his co panionprovide he be conceale an sheltered. Th Apostl of od ha done that despit
Th
ropeht
if ,T ho he leas effort,in affectin th cleanlines of hi orific
wa psrmissible.P Th Manner of Absetersio Th person il then perfor th abstersio~ fo hi posterio orific it thre stones t.he orific is cleansed therewith, th thre stones Illsuffice he fo an hi
obsession indicate lac of learning and ignorance.. Apostl of Godtaught us [118] everything eve how
[although] only leanliness is ec ssary, th us of an od nu be [o stones is desirable. Th Prophe abstersion us an od number."3 In performin the ab ho
qiblah whe defecatin or urinating."3 certai edouinhavin fought it on ofthe om anio told hi 'Y ot en know ho to defecate." he ompani n'answ re an said
just
fore th seat ofim urity, an ru it ve al he rt
orifi~e. or
ood,tur
back to th
ind, squa like th
parts.
30.
Ibid,;58.
32.
Cf al-Bukhari Wudu
31.
Ib Majah, Taharah:16
33.
Al-Bukhari
26
64
udu': 25, 26 Ib Majah, Tahara
27
23 44
It
Th Kita
Asra
al-Taharah
an obsessio whic will hi perf rmed th hi
ac
at
abst rsio ]. hi
Consequently, he will ov hi throug fear an suspicio
ra ri raise it tail," (The'wormwoodi an aro atic desert ro -r stooping is raising the posterio part) is so ti allo fo th an to urinat clos to his co panionprovide he be conceale an sheltered. Th Apostl of od ha done that despit
Th
ropeht
if ,T ho he leas effort,in affectin th cleanlines of hi orific
wa psrmissible.P Th Manner of Absetersio Th person il then perfor th abstersio~ fo hi posterio orific it thre stones t.he orific is cleansed therewith, th thre stones Illsuffice he fo an hi
obsession indicate lac of learning and ignorance.. Apostl of Godtaught us [118] everything eve how
[although] only leanliness is ec ssary, th us of an od nu be [o stones is desirable. Th Prophe abstersion us an od number."3 In performin the ab ho
qiblah whe defecatin or urinating."3 certai edouinhavin fought it on ofthe om anio told hi 'Y ot en know ho to defecate." he ompani n'answ re an said
just
fore th seat ofim urity, an ru it ve al he rt
It
orifi~e. or
ood,tur
back to th
ind, squa like th
parts.
30.
Ibid,;58.
32.
Cf al-Bukhari Wudu
31.
Ib Majah, Taharah:16
33.
Al-Bukhari
64
udu': 25, 26 Ib Majah, Tahara
27
26
TheKitab
23 44
Th Mysterie
Asrar al-Taharah
penis,
ofPurit
5'W
perfor in
th
ac of abstersionl.
Th Manner of Ablutio
"36H
34.
Surah ix:l09. hijrah
.repsect.
Buldan, Vol.IV pp.2-24.
29
TheKitab
Th Mysterie
Asrar al-Taharah
ofPurit
penis,
5'W
perfor in
th
ac of abstersionl.
Th Manner of Ablutio
"36H
Surah ix:l09.
34.
hijrah
.repsect.
Buldan, Vol.IV pp.2-24.
29
Th Kita Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
toothpick."3 An again,"Hadit no been fo my fear to overburden people ould have co ande th us th toothpic before ry aray r, 8" nd agai [119] 'Why doyou fore it yellow teeth? Us toothpicks."3 He also wa ~ont to It also relate that ibn- bbas once said "The postle
revelation on it use."4 Th
ofPurit
is desirabe to us th toothpic prio to ever followedwit
prayer or not. Equall desirabl is it ha
eating
thing ofunpleasan smell.
it
th
he to thpi
rs
should th
ro
postle also said "Use
well-pleasin unto God."41 li said "The toothpic develops an strengthen th emor an banishes sl ggishn s. urth rm re it as usto ar fo thei toothpicks carrie behin the ears.42
arak (salvadora perisce) de osit around th te th Th
ooth ic sh
oo ld
or
he hi he God,"43.e., no complete ablution. The perso should "[0 !]I ow th il refuge in th Go les they should co an surround e. then should into th vessel an should say, "0
d,I as th fo he ill-luc an destruction. Hi purpos should be th re oval of excrements or akin praye lawful He in
hi
37.
us it horizontally
Ah ad ibn-Hanbal Tahara
at
Taharah; 165.
40.
169.
ashe hi face If, ho r, he happ to forg th purpos ofhis ablutionjus before he ashe hi fa he il ot be nalize fo it th sh ul ht
Ibid., Taharah; 159, 160.
to reac hi throat
xc
swallowany ofit]
Taharah: 156, 157, 158.
42.
43.
Taharah:167.
30
Cf ibn- ajah Taharah, 41
31
he he is fa ting
Th Kita Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
toothpick."3 An again,"Hadit no been fo my fear to overburden people ould have co ande th us th toothpic before ry aray r, 8" nd agai [119] 'Why doyou fore it yellow teeth? Us toothpicks."3 He also wa ~ont to It also relate that ibn- bbas once said "The postle
revelation on it use."4 Th
ofPurit
is desirabe to us th toothpic prio to ever followedwit
prayer or not. Equall desirabl is it ha
eating
thing ofunpleasan smell.
it
th
he to thpi
rs
should th
ro
postle also said "Use
well-pleasin unto God."41 li said "The toothpic develops an strengthen th emor an banishes sl ggishn s. urth rm re it as usto ar fo thei toothpicks carrie behin the ears.42
arak (salvadora perisce) de osit around th te th Th
ooth ic sh
oo
or
ld
he hi he God,"43.e., no complete ablution. The perso should "[0 !]I ow th il refuge in th Go les they should co an surround e. then should into th vessel an should say, "0
d,I as th fo he ill-luc an destruction. Hi purpos should be th re oval of excrements or akin praye lawful He in
hi
ashe hi face If, ho r, he happ to forg th purpos ofhis ablutionjus before he ashe hi fa he il ot be nalize fo it th sh ul ht
us it horizontally
37.
Ah ad ibn-Hanbal Tahara
169.
at
Taharah; 165.
40.
Ibid., Taharah; 159, 160.
to reac hi throat
xc
he he is fa ting
swallowany ofit]
Taharah: 156, 157, 158.
42.
43.
Taharah:167.
Cf ibn- ajah Taharah, 41
31
30
Th Kita
Asra al·Taharah
ld ta an
in
th
Th Mysterie
th beard, hether thic or sparse should [was hi fa in this rescri ed an er thrice an then ater ov th lo gpar hi eard an or hi fi er in an cl an th ye hole an [the in er
an th it
tila
an
ofPurit
th
discharge collectsand [th oute corners] wher the th
erfu es ofParadis an
raci
nt
e.
.As
himself di that.44 hi is sh ld
!I This is said becaus inhaling constitute drawin in an exhalin is remova an rejection ta an th an at fo hi faceand should.washit fromthe beginnin of fore-par th chin le th is an fr ea to ea laterally. he tw te le hich ar ithe id th forehead ar incl edin th facebu form apar fth ad he at is ll dto th th ic ar to af t: is ha ar ic li at th id he ac th fa hr ad isplac th to fth ar
he th person ashe hi eyes that si ld de ar therfr .·
therefrom.
ac
ho ld ay "0
lean th th ac ai ts an [12C] la ke facewit hy ar es he ho re er th th faces/o hy enemie lack." he ashi is ac rJi~'s ls le at in th interstice ofhi beard, for, it is desirable.
three ti draw hi
th [Whe
as is ar as in is
tten ri ht ha
to th
lb ho ld
er th fore-par
forehead he ater ho er is allo ed to reac th four part offac here,the hair grows,namely, th eyebrows th ustache, th side whiskers and th la ic ar th ar ar
45
Si ilarly tradit 'W is able ld al ll to ac th bu no thic beards i.e. th al ar he rule hich er th hair et ee
hi
declar that th an th
ar th th lo er 33
Pr
eh is
ai ad
Th Kita
Asra al·Taharah
ld ta an
in
Th Mysterie
th beard, hether thic or sparse should [was hi fa in this rescri ed an er thrice an then ater ov th lo gpar hi eard an or hi fi er in an cl an th ye hole an [the in er
an th
th
it
tila
an
ofPurit
th
discharge collectsand [th oute corners] wher the th
erfu es ofParadis an
raci
nt
e.
.As
himself di that.44 hi is sh ld
!I This is said becaus inhaling constitute drawin in an exhalin is remova an rejection ta an th an at fo hi faceand should.washit fromthe beginnin of fore-par th chin le th is an fr ea to ea laterally. he tw te le hich ar ithe id th forehead ar incl edin th facebu form apar fth ad he at is ll dto th th ic ar to af t: is ha ar ic li at th id he ac th fa hr ad isplac th to fth ar
he th person ashe hi eyes that si ld de ar therfr .·
therefrom.
ac
ho ld ay "0
lean th th ac ai ts an [12C] la ke facewit hy ar es he ho re er th th faces/o hy enemie lack." he ashi is ac rJi~'s ls le at in th interstice ofhi beard, for, it is desirable.
three ti draw hi
th [Whe
as is ar as in is
tten ri ht ha
to th
lb ho ld
er th fore-par
forehead he ater ho er is allo ed to reac th four part offac here,the hair grows,namely, th eyebrows th ustache, th side whiskers and th la ic ar th ar ar
45
Si ilarly tradit 'W is able ld al ll to ac th bu no thic beards i.e. th al ar he rule hich er th hair et ee
hi
declar that th an th
Pr
eh is
ai ad
ar th th lo er 33
Th Mysterie
Th Kita Asra al-Taharah
whiteness47 hich ar ashe at th ti
ri ht ha
ju
it th
it
or from behind
ac ordancet th best ofwhat th hear od,le hear th crie ofParadis with th righteous.
of ablutionw,
Th person shouldbegin
ashing ofhis
ie
."
he
he
back."H then should procee to
th righ an th left togeth r, placin them on th opposite side an finall bringing them back agai to th fore art. ll this co stitut on iping. should go throug it thrice an say, "Cover it
except Thine own." he ho it fr he
ro th is ha
hi r.
,.pas ac th
is th he ho
rs hi
he ho ld
at he ac he hi rs em
ti at
resurrection."49As "0 od releas ne
48.
mean
literall
is he ay from [the yoke of fire an
should th as hi righ foot thrice and, it hi left hand pass hi finger betwee hi toes from th bottom up beginnin it th little to of th ri ht footan ending it th little to ofth left [As he ashe hi righ foot he should say, "0 od steady he rr ha aywh fe ip th fi ."A he as hi ft he ay Ise hy dle fo ho ffth ri ha ay he th feet ofthe hypocrites slip."[In ashing hi feet
uham ad is he ,a hearke
ak Th
Hilyah, whic
is servan an apostle. lory to th ra hi th is
back unto Thee Forgive,therefore
pure
rant
si
to be on ofTh righteou
da an night. It is said that
ornament
Muslims Taharah:40.
34
ofPurit
35
hoever repeat
Th Mysterie
Th Kita Asra al-Taharah
whiteness47 hich ar ashe at th ti
ri ht ha
ju
it th
it
or from behind
ac ordancet th best ofwhat th hear od,le hear th crie ofParadis with th righteous.
of ablutionw,
Th person shouldbegin
ashing ofhis
ie
."
he
he
back."H then should procee to
th righ an th left togeth r, placin them on th opposite side an finall bringing them back agai to th fore art. ll this co stitut on iping. should go throug it thrice an say, "Cover it
resurrection."49As "0 od releas ne
he
ro th is ha
hi
rs hi
r.
,.pas ac th
is th he ho
uham ad is he ,a
he ho ld
at he ac he hi rs em
ti
hearke
at
48.
mean
literall
is servan an apostle. lory to th ra hi th is
back unto Thee Forgive,therefore
ak Th
Hilyah, whic
is he ay from [the yoke of fire an
should th as hi righ foot thrice and, it hi left hand pass hi finger betwee hi toes from th bottom up beginnin it th little to of th ri ht footan ending it th little to ofth left [As he ashe hi righ foot he should say, "0 od steady he rr ha aywh fe ip th fi ."A he as hi ft he ay Ise hy dle fo ho ffth ri ha ay he th feet ofthe hypocrites slip."[In ashing hi feet
except Thine own." he ho it fr
ofPurit
pure
rant
si
to be on ofTh righteou
da an night. It is said that
hoever repeat
ornament
Muslims Taharah:40.
35
34
Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah Th Mysterie
se
reserv Se thri
ro
fo hi ra
thin
traditio
ti th ar
ho
ay
evil."5o nd again, "There il and purity"5
th
duri
thre
stio
abluti
transgress s.
il rise amon
r, be te
resurr ti
sira le yo
has, ho
ofPurit
this people
it
abu-Hurayrah.e
-'
[121
abu-Hurayrah.
Asu
s~
purification." in
sh
ld ho
r,
asha
in
ar
al-Zuhri.w
Bu
on - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . ~ - - - Taharah:40.
Ibid,45. 'I'a dhkirat-al-Huffaz,
VoU, p.59
55.
A l- Ti rm i h i h im s l f i n n ar ra ti n its authenticity
56.
Cf, permissible.
57.
ta Vol.
pp.181-85
t h t r d it io n
H aj j \ i
c as t d ou b o n
l- ta i, -A Tadhkirat-al-Huffaz.
Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah Th Mysterie
se
reserv Se
ro
fo hi ra
thri
thin
traditio
ti th
ay
ar
ho
evil."5o nd again, "There il and purity"5
th
duri
thre
stio
abluti
transgress s.
il rise amon
r, be te
resurr ti
sira le yo
has, ho
ofPurit
this people
it
abu-Hurayrah.e
-'
[121
abu-Hurayrah.
Asu
s~
purification." in
sh
ld ho
r,
asha
in
ar
al-Zuhri.w
Bu
on - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . ~ - - - Taharah:40.
Ibid,45. 'I'a dhkirat-al-Huffaz,
VoU, p.59
55.
A l- Ti rm i h i h im s l f i n n ar ra ti n its authenticity
56.
Cf, permissible.
57.
ta Vol.
Th
Kita
Asra
t h t r d it io n
H aj j \ i
pp.181-85
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
c as t d ou b o n
l- ta i, -A Tadhkirat-al-Huffaz.
ofPurit
ft on
best.
od
IS
best em
The Excellenc of Ablution ablu io
well an prostrates himsel
wice
be ."
prayer
hi bl ho
xc
ablution is ik Or accordin to anothe versio "without permitting
rene
ha
hi
ligh upon ight."66
thei ab ution.
he
postle also said 'Whe
sins."59 nd
th threefol
ve
os
ge .ri
Verily this
bond."60 he Apostl performe ng on
th
1H thro in wate tw ce an said 'Whoever pe form th ablution throwing wate wice on ever member il tw ce receiv hi ewar from God."6 Fina ly
be meritorious. fasting.68 Th Apostl also said 'Whoever performs
.i 58.
Cf. A hm a
i b - Ha nb al ,
59.
Cf. al-Darimi Taharah:43.
60.
Cf. Ahma
61.
.Cf. Al-Bukhar, Wudu :22.
62.
Cf ibid, Wudu'; 23
ibn-Hanbal
a ha ra h
38
ibn-Hanbal
Taharah:902
Unidentified.
8 3 1 88 .
Taharah-193.
Wudu': 24 Ahma
65.
Ibn-Majah Taharah:73.
66.
Cf. S ur a
67.
Ahma
68.
Unidentified.
xi
5 . h e t ra di ti o
i ts el f s e m s t o b e s pu ri ou s
ibn-Hanbal, Taharah:187.
Cf. Ahma
ibn-Hanbal
Taharah:195.
Th
Kita
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
ofPurit
ft on
best.
IS
od
best em
The Excellenc of Ablution ablu io
well an prostrates himsel
wice
be ."
prayer
hi bl ho
xc
ablution is ik Or accordin to anothe versio "without permitting
rene
ha
hi
ligh upon ight."66
thei ab ution.
he
postle also said 'Whe
sins."59 nd
th threefol
ve
os
ge .ri
Verily this
bond."60 he Apostl performe ng on
th
1H thro in wate tw ce an said 'Whoever pe form th ablution throwing wate wice on ever member il tw ce receiv hi ewar from God."6 Fina ly
be meritorious. fasting.68 Th Apostl also said 'Whoever performs
.i 58.
Cf. A hm a
i b - Ha nb al ,
59.
Cf. al-Darimi Taharah:43.
60.
Cf. Ahma
61.
.Cf. Al-Bukhar, Wudu :22.
62.
Cf ibid, Wudu'; 23
ibn-Hanbal
a ha ra h
Wudu': 24 Ahma
ibn-Hanbal
Taharah:902
Unidentified.
8 3 1 88 .
Taharah-193.
65.
Ibn-Majah Taharah:73.
66.
Cf. S ur a
67.
Ahma
68.
Unidentified.
xi
5 . h e t ra di ti o
i ts el f s e m s t o b e s pu ri ou s
ibn-Hanbal, Taharah:187.
Cf. Ahma
ibn-Hanbal
Taharah:195.
38 Th
llah al ne hath no as ociate an estify that am rv he he at aradis il be flun op ef re hi an ay sire." [122 Said 'U ar "G od ablution drives away Sata from you."Mujahi also said "H ho able to goto be urified, re bering od er
he take
Th Manner of'the Majo Ablution
again. If, ho r, he re fo ablution before th ajor ablution (ghusl) no gothroug it again. the
as ha
s. abluti of pray in th it th xc ptio th he ho he clean] hr
ouldbe he
ft
al
an alread scribe ashing th feet hi fe
aste ofwater. he
flowinto th interstice ofhi bear
then should pour hi akin it reac
oman ho ver, ne ot nd he braids unless sh is rtai that itho undoin th th at Th person should no forget thos part ofthe body
penis, he shouldperfor
hi
hese then ar th rule ofablution (wudu) and ajo ablution (ghusl). Wehave discusse those he hi re
al ablution tw ab
ofPurit
If an rc ay th se he sh ul refe hi self conc rnin them to the books ofjurisprudence.
away."
basmalah,
Mysterie
have di cuss on rnin he ajor things ar obligatory good intentio
ablution [six things ar
obligatory good intentin
elbows wiping the head washin th feet includin th he ls an finall th observatio of [the ab ve ntione rd [i th perfor an of th ac abluti n] [Washing th diff rent rs th body in uninterrupte succession (muwalah), i.e., to nc ashing he se on fore ha he fore ha an so on], is no obligatory Th ajor ablution (ghusl) emission semen, afte the tw places of circumcision meet together, 70 afte menstruation, an after child-
su
(sunnah), as th aj ablution of th tw feas s, al-Fit al ha he aj he
th ac of ablution allove b ey on d
h e p la c
euphemism, metonymica1l denoting is a bo ve , o r c i c um c o n h e v u v a o f t h e o ma n
41
Th
llah al ne hath no as ociate an estify that am rv he he at aradis il be flun op ef re hi an ay sire." [122 Said 'U ar "G od ablution drives away Sata from you."Mujahi also said "H ho able to goto be urified, re bering od er
he take
Th Manner of'the Majo Ablution
again. If, ho r, he re fo ablution before th ajor ablution (ghusl) no gothroug it again. the
as ha
s. abluti of pray in th it th xc ptio th he ho he clean]
ouldbe
hr
he
ft
al
an alread scribe ashing th feet hi fe
aste ofwater.
then should pour
he
hi
flowinto th interstice ofhi bear
akin it reac
oman ho ver, ne ot nd he braids unless sh is rtai that itho undoin th th at Th person should no forget thos part ofthe body
penis, he shouldperfor
have di cuss on rnin he ajor things ar obligatory good intentio
ablution [six things ar
obligatory good intentin
elbows wiping the head washin th feet includin th he ls an finall th observatio of [the ab ve ntione rd [i th perfor an of th ac abluti n] [Washing th diff rent rs th body in uninterrupte succession (muwalah), i.e., to nc ashing he se on fore ha he fore ha an so on], is no obligatory Th ajor ablution (ghusl) emission semen, afte the tw places of circumcision meet together, 70 afte menstruation, an after child-
su
(sunnah), as th aj ablution of th tw feas s, al-Fit al ha he aj he
th ac of ablution allove b ey on d
h e p la c
euphemism, metonymica1l denoting is a bo ve , o r c i c um c o n h e v u v a o f t h e o ma n
41
Th Kita
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
of Purity
ihram.l)
As
(tawaf-
al-wada),
Th
anne ofPurif ca io
ihram
th
ajor
is th sacred stat il imag
in
with Sand
hich th
usli
(Hajj)
('umrah).
te
of
42
hi
hese then ar th rule ofablution (wudu) and ajo ablution (ghusl). Wehave discusse those he hi re
al ablution tw ab
ofPurit
If an rc ay th se he sh ul refe hi self conc rnin them to the books ofjurisprudence.
away."
basmalah,
Mysterie
perfor
this
Th Kita
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
of Purity
ihram.l)
As
(tawaf-
al-wada),
Th
anne ofPurif ca io
ihram
th
ajor
is th sacred stat il imag
in
with Sand
hich th
usli
this
perfor
(Hajj)
('umrah).
te
of
42
Th Kita Asra
(tayammum)
th preceded
it
hu in le ac
al-Taharah
ai
tayammum.
it
ld
RT
On Cleanlines an Cleansin from th External odil Grow hs an Disc ar es wh ch re Tw Kinds: Discharges (awsakh) an Growth (ajza) rs in am ly th ar an th et excretions ofthe body Thes nu be eight: uc as dirt an lice leansi th head fr thes thro ashi co in an th us intmen fo th rderly arra emen th hair is esirable oncea week Furthermore, he used to co an followers] to do th sa e, saying "Anointyou once week."7 He als said, [123] "H ho ha ne hair [o hi head], le hi ho it;" i.e. it an ilth tain an it ishe stle
eein hi
th
[his hair ee ll
po tl said "Has this
73.
Cf, al-Tirmidhi, Libas: 22 Ab Dawud, Tarajjul:l
74.
Cf. abu-Dawud Tarajjul:3.
75.
Al·Nasa' Zinah:58.
Th Kita Asra
(tayammum)
th preceded
it
hu in le ac
al-Taharah
ai
tayammum.
it
ld
RT
On Cleanlines an Cleansin from th External odil Grow hs an Disc ar es wh ch re Tw Kinds: Discharges (awsakh) an Growth (ajza) rs in am ly th ar an th et excretions ofthe body Thes nu be eight: uc as dirt an lice leansi th head fr thes thro ashi co in an th us intmen fo th rderly arra emen th hair is esirable oncea week Furthermore, he used to co an followers] to do th sa e, saying "Anointyou once week."7 He als said, [123] "H ho ha ne hair [o hi head], le hi ho it;" i.e. it an ilth tain an it ishe stle
eein hi
Cf, al-Tirmidhi, Libas: 22 Ab Dawud, Tarajjul:l
74.
Cf. abu-Dawud Tarajjul:3.
75.
Al·Nasa' Zinah:58.
Th Mysterie
Then turnin to thos presen he added, "Oneofyou enters th plac as though he re de on "7 [i.e. the ear-wax] Wiping will remove what
rg
fr
he
ath;
th
individual.
3. ha collectswithi th nose ofthe et thic ucus an sticks to it [inn alls]. is remove by inhalin and exhaling. 4. Th
yellow deposits
hich collec betw en
re oved by th us ofth toothpic an th rinsin
ofPurit
Hi bear wa thic 79an he as ru ha of abu-Bakr.w, al hi rd 1whi 'Ali ha ro an rd hi ad ac hi he fr shoulder to shoulder.s- In ye ra trad 'A'ishah said "Several people gathered outsid th gate ofthe postle's hous an he nt ou to ee th re he aw hi ze he ai hi 'Doyo hi thou th Apostl of God? To whic he replied: 'Yes fo verily odloveth that is servan should ador
Apostle,likeother au hi
en attended hi hair an bear re to ha fore s.
discussed.
fulfil Thes 'canb gott th
ri ofby
co
issionan amon th duties therei
he
ashing an co bing
postle neve parted it hi co b,brush, an 77 This rr heth he as at ho ra thereb fo
ro he
hi
ar
ay.7
79.
giveth al
oe no ap ea
77.
Cf. ibn-Sa'd
78.
Unidentified.
h e r ad i i o
Vol. II Pt.2
pp.170-71.
hyprocrite reason to rejoice. ra ig ry
ee ibn-Sa'd Vol. I, pt.2 p.120. ,i
76.
ee ll
po tl said "Has this
73.
Th Kita Asra al-Taharah
ft
th
[his hair
Vol.ID PL 1, p.133.
hI.
Ibid, Vol.ID PL2, p.40
82.
Ibid, Vol.ID Pt 1,p.16
Unidentfied.
47
ar ry
Th Mysterie
Th Kita Asra al-Taharah
Then turnin to thos presen he added, "Oneofyou enters th plac as though he re de on "7 [i.e. the ear-wax] Wiping will remove what
ft
rg
fr
he
ath;
th
individual.
3. ha collectswithi th nose ofthe et thic ucus an sticks to it [inn alls]. is remove by inhalin and exhaling. 4. Th
yellow deposits
hich collec betw en
re oved by th us ofth toothpic an th rinsin
ofPurit
Hi bear wa thic 79an he as ru ha of abu-Bakr.w, al hi rd 1whi 'Ali ha ro an rd hi ad ac hi he fr shoulder to shoulder.s- In ye ra trad 'A'ishah said "Several people gathered outsid th gate ofthe postle's hous an he nt ou to ee th re he aw hi ze he ai hi 'Doyo hi thou th Apostl of God? To whic he replied: 'Yes fo verily odloveth that is servan should ador
Apostle,likeother au hi
en attended hi hair an bear re to ha fore s.
discussed.
fulfil Thes 'canb gott th
ri ofby
co
issionan amon th duties therei
ashing an co bing
postle neve parted it hi co b,brush, an 77 This rr heth he as at ho ra thereb fo
ro he
hi
ar
ay.7
giveth al
79.
oe no ap ea
77.
Cf. ibn-Sa'd
78.
Unidentified.
h e r ad i i o
Vol. II Pt.2
pp.170-71.
hyprocrite reason to rejoice. ra ig ry
ar ry
ee ibn-Sa'd Vol. I, pt.2 p.120.
Vol.ID PL 1, p.133.
,i
76.
he
hI.
Ibid, Vol.ID PL2, p.40
82.
Ibid, Vol.ID Pt 1,p.16
Unidentfied.
47
Th Kita
Asra
al-Taharah
Th Mysterie
6. ap eara ce sotha he ldlea nothin that il al at an tu th ayfr im In this in ivid al is th
test Fo su
acti
ar qualifie
th fr
ilth in joints ly au
ic ad he th
ofPurit
i.e.
th abia le th
as in
collected [124] knuckles.84
been done Adornmen fo thi purpos is therefore desirable; hile leavin th beards dishevelle an le ti 's al ap ra in to sdangerous. athe to relinquish [suc affectations
7. leanin th finger-tip whic th postle of Go co manded the Arabian to do 85Thi includes lyth al he il that ad to th fi er-tip al that hich athers eneath th
im ta is irable In t, th ar ar states betwee th servan an hi God.The critical [obser er il ot fall to se that an amou ambiguit an confusio coul prevai over hi or
trim d, it th re lt that ir coll ctedin reat quantitie beneath them. Consequently th Apostle that anic ails lu in th hair of th ar -pits, an shaviing th pube should
affect th se things in rder to attrac th atte ti of en thereb deceivin hi self an othe people an wholesome.Thu yo ofte se severa learne an lu an ar ts clai that thei sole purpos is to confoundheretics an te is te th th ir ai is to aw ni to od.Bu th [fal it thei laim il re al at ay th ts ar amin he th to bs ar laid en an thei co te ts ar
cleane in id
regularl [and frequentlyl.s? in th if th he
wa unduly late so he fmally abriel ca it th re la io th latt ai 'H uc le an clea ot yo fing r-ti te th ar yell an ye lean them t.
ib -Majah
aharah:8 al
.al
hypocrite on the da ofjudgment].
ar told that
Adab:15.:
87.
Unidentified.
49
in id i,
ab:14.
do ld
he yo om an
Th Kita
Asra
al-Taharah
Th Mysterie
6. th fr
ap eara ce sotha he ldlea nothin that il al at an tu th ayfr im In this in ivid al is th
test Fo su
acti
ilth in joints ly au
ic ad he th
ofPurit
i.e.
th abia le th
as in
collected [124]
ar qualifie
knuckles.84
been done Adornmen fo thi purpos is therefore desirable; hile leavin th beards dishevelle an le ti 's al ap ra in to sdangerous. athe to relinquish [suc affectations
7. leanin th finger-tip whic th postle of Go co manded the Arabian to do 85Thi includes lyth al he il that ad to th fi er-tip al that hich athers eneath th
im ta is irable In t, th ar ar states betwee th servan an hi God.The critical [obser er il ot fall to se that an amou ambiguit an confusio coul prevai over hi or
trim d, it th re lt that ir coll ctedin reat quantitie beneath them. Consequently th Apostle that anic ails lu in th hair of th ar -pits, an shaviing th pube should
affect th se things in rder to attrac th atte ti of en thereb deceivin hi self an othe people
cleane in id
an wholesome.Thu yo ofte se severa learne an lu an ar ts clai that thei sole purpos is to confoundheretics an te is te th th ir ai is to aw ni to od.Bu th [fal it thei laim il re al at ay th ts ar amin he th to bs ar laid en an thei co te ts ar
regularl [and frequentlyl.s? in th if th he
ar told that
wa unduly late so he fmally abriel ca it th re la io th latt ai 'H uc le an clea ot yo fing r-ti te th ar yell an ye lean them t.
ib -Majah
aharah:8 al
in id i,
do ld
he yo om an
ab:14.
.al Adab:15.:
hypocrite on the da ofjudgment].
87.
Unidentified.
49
Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
Th
y st er ie s o f Purity
bl ga on
dirt whic collects beneat
nakednes
your nails.
pe
an
be
ab
ha ed Ayyub-al-Ansari.90
aled an
of others
~e
ot
es
he
~-
ds
h.as
namely th thigh. 89. 90.
Surah xvii:24. of al-HzY ah ater Muhanuna in al adinah at th ti d' acco panied Yazid I, then Ii crown-prince on hi expe itio agai
nsta ti
ys nt
an
re ks th
.49/
in to
ecom
ai
pp.49-50 Phili pp.201-202.
th
th
K. Hitti,
nati
s to r
is ov re
s. Se
of th
th
ie
by th by ra
ib Sa'd
nc ve ng
of
ca
ga ns
vi
y~t~
of drou ht to
nstantin pl
iraculou ly
or th
he
alls
to it in ti
si ge
as
66
outsid
ad pilgri ag
or ai 14
pl
as urie
r~
Tur~
:e
of ligh l.l1
t.2,
r ab s (London, 1963)
en su el
po is
ph si al
ng
Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
Th
y st er ie s o f Purity
bl ga on
dirt whic collects beneat
nakednes
your nails.
pe
an
be
ab
ha ed Ayyub-al-Ansari.90
aled an
of others
~e
ot
es
he
~-
ds
h.as
namely th thigh. Surah xvii:24.
89. 90.
of al-HzY ah ater Muhanuna in al adinah at th ti d' acco panied Yazid I, then Ii crown-prince on hi expe itio agai
nsta ti
ys nt
an
re ks th
.49/
in to
ecom
th
ai
he
alls
nati
K. Hitti,
is ov re
s. Se
s to r
th
ie
by th by ra
ib Sa'd
of th
nc ve ng
of
Asra
ga ns
vi
r~
Tur~
:e
of ligh l.l1
en su
t.2,
r ab s (London, 1963)
el
pp.201-202.
Th Kita
ca
y~t~
of drou ht to
nstantin pl
iraculou ly
or th
pp.49-50 Phili
th
to it in ti
si ge
as
66
outsid
ad pilgri ag
or ai 14
pl
as urie
po
ph si al
ng
is
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
ofPurit
condem on unlawfu act when such condemnatio
will aw ac refrai ro ar an hi self on th ro that hi arning will use.i quit unpardonable becaus no on will fail to take cognizanceof disapprova an be influenced by sins. It will
will in uc hi
id re
ak
ha th he ta es hi
at -h at -'
ac at ar as
le in
an ag So ha ai that here as ar frequentin the bath-house provided th individual th th fo hi head in rder to pr tect hi eyes
As follows:
hi
ho
ay bath-o er hi fe ad ance before entering th at ecause th servic hich [the clie t] ants is
ay en of th fe in advanc ef re oing in~othe at em es th am ig ty fr at leas ea ds ft
~d
nake ness It is theref re esirable to evac at th bath-h us eo le [i return fo certai feel]. In this connexio ishribn-al-Harit said "I shal no rd
hr
earthl passion. ather, he should health clea li es in
to
is re an to re th li aths owaday becaus they ar al ay full of expose
hi ar people an more.ralthough
toym Ithso seek therewit
en ~a "I th as IO ate.
am
th
c~
ef
corr~pt the corrupting. {Fourthly] he sltoul ~Wait at an go al en
hoar carefu
ot to ex os thei
akedness
bcdies
es ~cI~ as th flap th ei turn an fold he th di ld aIca no help bu se th na ed es bl dfolde hi eyes [whe ever he entere ouss],
53
bath
Th Kita
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
ofPurit
condem on unlawfu act when such condemnatio
will aw ac refrai ro ar an hi self on th ro that hi arning will use.i quit unpardonable becaus no on will fail to take cognizanceof disapprova an be influenced by sins. It will
will in uc hi
id re
ha th he ta es hi
at -h at -'
ac at ar as
hi
ay en of th fe in advanc ef re oing in~othe at em es th am ig ty fr at leas ea ds ft
~d
le in
an ag So ha ai that here as ar frequentin the bath-house provided th individual th th fo hi head in rder to pr tect hi eyes
ay bath-o er hi fe ad ance before entering th at ecause th servic hich [the clie t] ants is
ak
nake ness It is theref re esirable to evac at th bath-h us eo le [i return fo certai feel]. In this connexio ishribn-al-Harit said "I shal no rd
ho
earthl passion. ather, he should health clea li es in
to
is re an to re th li aths owaday becaus they ar al ay full of expose
hi ar people an more.ralthough
toym Ithso seek therewit
hr
en ~a "I th as IO ate.
am
th
corr~pt the corrupting. {Fourthly] he sltoul ~Wait at an go al en
hoar carefu
ot to ex os thei
akedness
bcdies
es ~cI~ as th flap th ei turn an fold he th di ld aIca no help bu se th na ed es bl dfolde hi eyes [whe ever he entere ouss],
As follows:
c~
ef
bath
53
The KitabAsrar al-Tahara
The Mysterie of Purit
er
th
asio
go beyond that will offend
an
if if
ic
ts
re
ir
la
(al-zabaniya)91
ay
rs in
appear
di
ll
,o things.
,th
will
As
his inal
inatio
an
rnal ab
Iifa wi
IS ire
SS
WIse.
91.
C er ta i n ge l h os e u t i s t o t hr us t t h fires thereof. Cf Sura Jxvi:6.
e op l o f H el l i nt o t h
The KitabAsrar al-Tahara
The Mysterie of Purit
er
th
asio
go beyond that will offend
an
if if
ic
ts
re
ir
la
(al-zabaniya)91
ay
rs in
appear
di
ll
,o things.
,th
will
As
his inal
inatio
an
rnal ab
Iifa wi
SS
IS ire WIse.
91.
C er ta i n ge l h os e u t i s t o t hr us t t h fires thereof. Cf Sura Jxvi:6.
e op l o f H el l i nt o t h
55
Th Kita
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
"May od forgiv yo your sinS."92 e·ma shak hand with [a acquaintance bystander] and, fo th sake of co encing conversation say, "MayGod forgiv yo your sins";bu this conversation should 'a
accursed."Agai th practice of goin into th bath ho fa l-
ofPurit
replied, ''The she-camel threw me offits back." Finally, he th individual is throug it hi bathin he should than odupon this blessing fo
hi ar id at in at luxury."Thi describe bath in thei relation to th aw bu from th view-point ofmedicine they have sp
iall afte th
us
of
de ilatory.
ha al
demons roam [the earth]. increases virility.
hi rp hi '' an ha ru he as nc athing is th refore to re ar hi it so ething hich il please hi an am will Th permissibility of having anothe ru one' back an assage hi bo is attest by ha on th Companions relate concerning the Apostle of God; Apostl of
an an than dose of
fo he edicine."An agai '' sl ep das edicine. 'Washing th feet it coldwate
ra
he dose of
he
[g
en [i bath houses]. As to
odstopped at an inn. Stretching hi self
om
th hi
postle said "It h-ho
Companions (mashhur), "It 92.
The individua ay repl to salutation in th bath with th word 'afah Allah b u n ev e t h t h u su a o r l a o f wa.'alay-kum alsla wa rahma:Allah
rn he
93.
f. al·Tirmidhi, Adab:43.
fu
he
Th Kita
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
"May od forgiv yo your sinS."92 e·ma shak hand with [a acquaintance bystander] and, fo th sake of co encing conversation say, "MayGod forgiv yo your sins";bu this conversation should 'a
accursed."Agai th practice of goin into th bath ho fa l-
ofPurit
replied, ''The she-camel threw me offits back." Finally, he th individual is throug it hi bathin he should than odupon this blessing fo
hi ar id at in at luxury."Thi describe bath in thei relation to th aw bu from th view-point ofmedicine they have sp
iall afte th
us
of
de ilatory.
ha al
demons roam [the earth]. increases virility.
hi rp hi '' an ha ru he as nc athing is th refore to re ar hi it so ething hich il please hi an am will Th permissibility of having anothe ru one' back an assage hi bo is attest by ha on th Companions relate concerning the Apostle of God; Apostl of
an an than dose of
he dose of
fo he edicine."An agai '' sl ep das edicine. 'Washing th feet it coldwate
ra
he
[g
rn he
en [i bath houses]. As to
odstopped at an inn. Stretching hi self
om
postle said "It h-ho
th hi
fu
Companions (mashhur), "It The individua ay repl to salutation in th bath with th word 'afah Allah b u n ev e t h t h u su a o r l a o f wa.'alay-kum alsla wa rahma:Allah
92.
f. al·Tirmidhi, Adab:43.
93.
Th Mysteries ofPurity
Th Kita Asra al-Tahara
te lf
ld irth at th an il It is
"94'A'i ah as ic to th irable th
ehe tha whic is undesirable.
~l an
th
id as
ther
is
lo
Sh
tu ts sli
(ahl aI-sharaf)95to ho th practice ha beco distinctiv sign Unless th person be descendant oble lo 'hi eari lo lock ld faIse an fake. Apostle said.. "Cut your moustache to an ther ersi "Shear yo ac rdin to an th r, 'Tri your
yourselve niggards. "9 In othe
ords
"shouldHe urg you."
harm in leavin
it is le to to'do in lo
an it le th ir le t. th sa root is th phrase "circlin round"in th verse, "Andthou shal se th angels circlingroun abou th throne."97In stil anothe versio th word used is "pluck"98 which indicates cuttin extremely short
would sho
Th se on kind bo il grow hs nd fall into eigh groups .t Sn ther ha
he
off."According staches. taches an
in
th
ta
as
ab th io th ll al ta i' ad im hi oustache very closely,said 'You re in of the Companionsofthe Apostel of God."Al-Mughirah eof ihn-Bhu'bah'P" ai of along
ca
th
it an av ta toothpic."lOlTher is however, no har
en
th
ta he
ve th
xxxxi:75.
xlvii:39. by
94.
Ibn-Majah Adab:38.
95
Namely th
descendant
' Um a of 'Ali, more particularly throug
al-
Hasan. 96.
Cf. Muslim
h o l at e a pp oi nt e
hi
o ve r o r
l - u fa h ' Ut ha m is which Mu'awiya reinstated him. He died A.H. 50jA.D. 670.See on Sa'd VoI.lV p.2 pp.24-26, Vol VI, p.12; ibn-Qutaybah pp. 50,51.
Taharah:67-70; al-Bukhari
Adab:18.
58
Libas;66
al-Tirmidhi,
l-
59
Th Mysteries ofPurity
Th Kita Asra al-Tahara
te
ld irth at th an il It is
lf
"94'A'i ah as ic to th irable th
ehe tha whic is undesirable.
would sho
Th se on kind bo il grow hs nd fall into eigh groups
~l an
.t Sn ther ha
th
id
ther
is
as
lo
Sh
tu ts sli
(ahl aI-sharaf)95to ho th practice ha beco distinctiv sign Unless th person be descendant oble lo 'hi eari lo lock ld faIse an fake. Apostle said.. "Cut your moustache to an ther ersi "Shear yo ac rdin to an th r, 'Tri your
yourselve niggards. "9 In othe
ords
"shouldHe urg you."
harm in leavin
it is le to to'do in lo
an it le th ir le t. th sa root is th phrase "circlin round"in th verse, "Andthou shal se th angels circlingroun abou th throne."97In stil anothe versio th word used is "pluck"98 which indicates cuttin extremely short
off."According staches. taches an
in
th
ta
as
ab th io th ll al ta i' ad im hi oustache very closely,said 'You re in of the Companionsofthe Apostel of God."Al-Mughirah eof ihn-Bhu'bah'P" ai of along
ca
it an av ta toothpic."lOlTher is however, no har
th
en
th
ta he
ve th
xxxxi:75.
xlvii:39. by
94.
Ibn-Majah Adab:38.
95
Namely th
' Um a
descendant
of 'Ali, more particularly throug
l - u fa h ' Ut ha m is which Mu'awiya reinstated him. He died A.H. 50jA.D. 670.See on Sa'd
al-
Hasan. 96.
h o l at e a pp oi nt e
Taharah:67-70; al-Bukhari
Libas;66
al-Tirmidhi,
l-
Adab:18.
59
58
Th Kita
Asra
al-Taharah
th an fo stic to them hile eati he rd of th po tle, "Spare th beards," 'mea le th~m ,gro Accordingto on traditio th Apostl
opposite, "102 Some le~e ~n isap ro ed an mnovatlOn. plucking
~th hI is
si
er
having an re ar ed it
esirable at leas once ever
ha
il no effect th
?e ~ourthis th hair on th es th re al ofWhIC ISdesirabls either by shavin or by th us ilat It al la an longer than fort days .o ap aran an th ir ic ll ts undernea~h ~~emwhen they ar long Th Apostl of od SaId bu-Hurayrah, inanicur your nail "103
L ib as : 6 4 M us l m , T ah ar ah : 6 7 7 0
la ly in
foll
rs to
io
nail ]. Furtherm re edouin an th city it
ariicure thei
he to
ai
th
ails an take them to
om an them to re ea thei
rayer.
adde benefit ofadmonishmen an warnin against [uncleanliness]. Concerningthe manner of manicurin the nails ha an in tradit have hear that th Apostl of od he anicurin hi ails egan it th in ex finger of th ri ht ha an fi ishe it th thumb.t?- [Startin it th ittl
fi
he am
an
ingth
to he
th [Las al anic he hu he ri ht ha d] Po deri er this on it as ects hich ee to rove it veracity occurr to e. thin 'b ap ar hr th li he lear insigh [127]aim at deducin through reasonin the significanceof thes things when reported to them ha cc rred to althou no best is that in th il he in an to htr
60
validity of ablution becaus such
enetrati [u dern at th becaus ofnecessity,both th
ee accu to edto it ri ht
~ollectingin th interstice ofthe hair This purp~: ISequall attained through shaving.
Cf. a l B uk ha r
Th Mysteries of Purity
arti
accustomed to re ov it by shavin ay continue to do so especiallysinc its plucking is tormentin an
102.
o ve r o r
VoI.lV p.2 pp.24-26, Vol VI, p.12; ibn-Qutaybah pp. 50,51.
Cf. Muslim
le at th
hi
sfo
61
Th Kita
Asra
al-Taharah Th Mysteries of Purity
th an fo stic to them hile eati he rd of th po tle, "Spare th beards," 'mea le th~m ,gro Accordingto on traditio th Apostl
il no effect th
enetrati [u dern at th becaus ofnecessity,both th
opposite, "102 Some le~e ~n isap ro ed an mnovatlOn. plucking
~th hI is
si
er
le at th
having an re ar ed it
arti
esirable at leas once ever
ha
ee accu to edto it ri ht
rs to
io
nail ]. Furtherm re edouin an th city it
ariicure thei
he to
ai
th
ails an take them to
om an them to re ea thei
rayer.
adde benefit ofadmonishmen an warnin against [uncleanliness]. Concerningthe manner of manicurin the nails ha an in tradit have hear that th Apostl of od he anicurin hi ails egan it th in ex finger of th ri ht ha an fi ishe it th thumb.t?- [Startin it th
~ollectingin th interstice ofthe hair This purp~: ISequall attained through shaving. ?e ~ourthis th hair on th es th re al ofWhIC ISdesirabls either by shavin or by th us ilat It al la an longer than fort days
ittl
fi
he am
an
ingth
to he
th [Las al anic he hu he ri ht ha d] Po deri er this on it as ects hich ee to rove it veracity occurr to e. thin 'b ap ar hr th li he lear insigh [127]aim at deducin through reasonin the significanceof thes things when reported to them ha cc rred to althou no best is that in th il he in an to
.o ap aran an th ir ic ll ts undernea~h ~~emwhen they ar long Th Apostl of od SaId bu-Hurayrah, inanicur your nail "103
Cf. a l B uk ha r
la ly in
foll
accustomed to re ov it by shavin ay continue to do so especiallysinc its plucking is tormentin an
102.
validity of ablution becaus such
L ib as : 6 4 M us l m , T ah ar ah : 6 7 7 0
htr
sfo
60
61
Th Mysterie Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
su erio to th foot erso sh ul be in fi rs th tw an th ig is he
it th io
ofPurity
traditio governing.the As to th toes ince procedur ofmanicurin the has comedow to us
105
points ut [a eo le he ~ord th Shahadah, is th favoured
th
aw in
is re eati th tw superior Therefore,
atters
abluti
an th
am ir ti th fi to th ight th in sh ul co enext If th hand is placedwith it ac th ri
th 'i
x.I it isplac
it it
al
dangl naturally, its palm wouldbe incline toward t? gr un ecau th ri ht ha swings from th co
lete th
back ofthe hand
es up
ence th
Furthermore, if on palm is placed agains th othe ~onsequentlythe person should commencewith the in in fthe ig ha an th rk in
hi
il
hand an then fr
lt
rkin
th little fi ge
th th ri an should be concluded
it
he in th left ha
ic th
atio
prpcedur followedin cleaning betwee the toes. Fo th considerations whic we have mentione in th
is
'J
in at th
,"[that tw
ints
at
le
he shahadahl
category an form si le line closeto th ro nd Therefore, on begins with th right. Nevertheless an such assu ptio of thei formin as it ere, circlewhe th sole ofthe on foot is placed agains fth th fi gers is un atural he inut etails of pro.cedurebeco instantl apparent throug th ligh ofprophecy,bu in ou casethe ar extremel difficult. procedur [whic should be followedin manicurin
Go an th ight
procedur whic he followedtherein able th to as tain it le is
significance[of hi procedur therein] deductio of that significance.No on that th acti ofthe stle an al have no ee overne by defi it 5.
Se ab ve,pp.4 44
call fo th should thin thei etails tandard, an
Th Mysterie Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
su erio to th foot erso sh ul be in fi rs th tw an th ig is he
ofPurity
traditio governing.the As to th toes ince procedur ofmanicurin the has comedow to us
it th io
105
points ut [a eo le he ~ord th Shahadah, is th favoured
th
aw in
prpcedur followedin cleaning betwee the toes. Fo th considerations whic we have mentione in
is re eati th tw superior Therefore,
atters
abluti
th
an th
am ir ti th fi to th ight th in sh ul co enext If th hand is placedwith it ac th ri
th 'i
x.I it isplac
it it
lete th
back ofthe hand
es up
al
il
lt
hand an then fr
rkin
th th ri an should be concluded
it
tw
th left ha
ic th
atio
roce
th
le
he shahadahl
procedur whic he followedtherein able th to as tain it le is
Th Mysterie
re
at
le ti
call fo th should thin thei etails tandard, an
Se ab ve,pp.4 44
Asra al-Taharah
or
ints
significance[of hi procedur therein] deductio of that significance.No on that th acti ofthe stle an al have no ee overne by defi it 5.
Th Kita
ll
Go an th ight
he in
th little fi ge
,"[that tw
procedur [whic should be followedin manicurin
~onsequentlythe person should commencewith the in in fthe ig ha an th rk hi
in at th
difficult.
ence th
Furthermore, if on palm is placed agains th othe
in
'J
category an form si le line closeto th ro nd Therefore, on begins with th right. Nevertheless an such assu ptio of thei formin as it ere, circlewhe th sole ofthe on foot is placed agains fth th fi gers is un atural he inut etails of pro.cedurebeco instantl apparent throug th ligh ofprophecy,bu in ou casethe ar extremel
dangl naturally, its palm wouldbe incline toward t? gr un ecau th ri ht ha swings from th co
is
al
ofPurity
rr
te
by te
as
ha ap
animal
hile
vernin
acti
ay
an
nt
by
th
th
ri ht
ye is
ri
it
joys that
re er
he
an
rn
hi
he
thro
ta
[o r] assi
av
an
tota
th
ap licati
ld
n,
au
hi
applied kohl
ap li atio
hl na
ly to ollo
th
ra ti
in 107
ar
re
hi hi
an t.
.d here re
as
yo
future in yo
in number.t?" 106.
f. ibn Majah, Taharah:23.
ir
64
Libas:23. id i,
65
as
peri
Th Kita
ll
tw
Asra al-Taharah
or
roce
Th Mysterie
re
th
le ti
al
ofPurity
rr
te
by te
as
ha ap
animal
hile
vernin
acti
ay
an
nt
by
th
th
ri ht
ye is
ri
it
joys that
re er
he
an
rn
hi
he
ta
thro
av
[o r] assi
an
tota
th
ap licati
ld
n,
au
hi
applied kohl
ap li atio
hl na
ly to ollo
th
ra ti
in 107
ar
re
hi hi
an t.
.d here re
as
yo
future in yo
as
peri
in number.t?" 106.
f. ibn Majah, Taharah:23.
Libas:23. id i,
ir
65
64
Th Kita
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
it al th stat te ofth aw,so that nothin il separate the [i.e. learne an an Prophet] from ac othe [128]except on ra k-that ofproph heri he te he heri is he ho ha earned an ollect th on hile th inherito is he ho ha neithe earned no collecte is bu re eive it by tran is ion. hese an othe significattons, espite thei relative asines he compare with the profound mysterie an secrets, are no independentl comprehended except by the Prophets an are no elicitie through transmission, afte thei [i portance ha been pointe ou by th prophets exceptby thei heirs, th learne en the foreskin respectively.The nave cord is cu offat
better fitte to preserve feminity an more welcom to masculinity."110 In othe ords it do no impair
th refine
nobl st
dangerous. Th Apostle said "Circumcisio is
109.
(ummi)
66
he
ai
rophec ra
an
illu inated th
hi
herefore
ay
ho ha
hi to ak availabl fo them th blessing ofthi orldan th orldto om hi
hth' he fe re rd
rd he
practised in connexionwith it, sinc this is th
ai os
ha here harm he hi rd it hi ha an at roje hi grip This wa done by ibn-'U ar and'several of the followers(al-tabi'un) and me the approva of al Shu'bi an ibn-Siri bu as frowne at by al-Hasan
11(l
Vo1.8, pp. 333-34
on erns
law
women. 108 Nevertheless, excess shoul be avoide in fe al circum ision. he ostl on said to 109
th rs ho he dictio an euphemis of th postle's
an
he sevent day afte birth consequently, contradicting th by delayi th op ration unti th hild ut
ofPurit
Abu-Dawud, Adab:167.
67.
Th Kita
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
it al th stat te ofth aw,so that nothin il separate the [i.e. learne an an Prophet] from ac othe [128]except on ra k-that ofproph heri he te he heri is he ho ha earned an ollect th on hile th inherito is he ho ha neithe earned no collecte is bu re eive it by tran is ion. hese an othe significattons, espite thei relative asines he compare with the profound mysterie an secrets, are no independentl comprehended except by the Prophets an are no elicitie through transmission, afte thei [i portance ha been pointe ou by th prophets exceptby thei heirs, th learne en the foreskin respectively.The nave cord is cu offat
better fitte to preserve feminity an more welcom to masculinity."110 In othe ords it do no impair th rs ho he dictio an euphemis of th postle's
th refine
nobl st
on erns
an
(ummi)
dangerous. Th Apostle said "Circumcisio is
rophec
he
ai
an
ra
illu inated th
hi
herefore
ay
ho ha
hi to ak availabl fo them th blessing ofthi orldan th orldto om he
sevent day afte birth consequently, contradicting th by delayi th op ration unti th hild ut
ofPurit
hth' he fe re rd
hi
rd he ai
practised in connexionwith it, sinc this is th
os
law
women. 108 Nevertheless, excess shoul be avoide in fe al circum ision. he ostl on said to 109
109.
ha here harm he hi rd it hi ha an at roje hi grip This wa done by ibn-'U ar and'several of the followers(al-tabi'un) and me the approva of al Shu'bi an ibn-Siri bu as frowne at by al-Hasan
11(l
Vo1.8, pp. 333-34
Abu-Dawud, Adab:167.
67.
66
Th Kita Asrar al-Tahara
[al- asri an
Qafada
Th Mysterie
111
th t, "S ar yo ar ." righ practice is no difficul to determine, provided it es lead to trim in th eard an ro in .i th id ts iv le th an an as th to backbiters with ridicule onsequently, it is better to av id ch ractic l- akha'i ai "I er it thereb av idin it ei to lo an it to t, ti ir le an in ." this it ai ig er th eard th alle th in ."
"T
as th
tl
ai
ra hair
lywa th
accordin to an ther er io it the sign ofthe unbelievers u6
yein also
as identifi
it
arried Soonafterward th dy fade an h~ gray relati es hi if ro ht hi ef re th alip ho annulled hi arriag an ha hi flogged,an said to hi ''Youdeceived them by concealingfro them your gray hair."
It as Pharaoh, is al la
ay th
curs au
ho will
It th will be li th hi
it
th
t:i ar
'A la
will "116
io it
117/A.D. 735 See ibn-Sa'd, VoI.VII.
Pt.2, pp.1-3 ibn-Outaybah pp. 234-35
thei
fragrance ofParadiise
in in
ig it
[129]
.d righteou bu lacking [thei good]intention. ti
am gyou an th orst yo ldme ar th wh emulat th youthful amon you."113 Emulating
in
reprehensibl than th others Thes ar dyeing th eard la leachi it it lphur, lu in it plucking th gray hair in it [elaborately trim in it augmenting it size neglecting it dishevelle an untidy fo th sake of affectin asceticism boasting
[dis
ofPurit
yell
re
he ractic is er issi le in rder to
113.
Unidentified an probably spurious
114
Abu-Dawud,Tar&jjul:18jal-Nasa'i Zinahj15. is
p. 73.
116.
identified.
Abu-Dawud.Tarajjulj 20 al-Nasa' Zinah:15
69
Th Kita Asrar al-Tahara
[al- asri an
Qafada
Th Mysterie
111
th t, "S ar yo ar ." righ practice is no difficul to determine, provided it es lead to trim in th eard an ro in .i th id ts iv le th an an as th to backbiters with ridicule onsequently, it is better to av id ch ractic l- akha'i ai "I er it thereb av idin it ei to lo an it to t, ti ir le an in ." this it ai ig er th eard th alle th in ."
as th
tl
ai
thei
ra hair
lywa th
accordin to an ther er io it the sign ofthe unbelievers u6
yein also
as identifi
it
arried Soonafterward th dy fade an h~ gray relati es hi if ro ht hi ef re th alip ho annulled hi arriag an ha hi flogged,an said to hi ''Youdeceived them by concealingfro them your gray hair."
It as Pharaoh, is al la
ay th
curs au
ho will
[129]
It th will be li th hi
it
th
t:i ar
'A la
will fragrance ofParadiise
in in
ig it
"T
.d righteou bu lacking [thei good]intention. ti
am gyou an th orst yo ldme ar th wh emulat th youthful amon you."113 Emulating
in
reprehensibl than th others Thes ar dyeing th eard la leachi it it lphur, lu in it plucking th gray hair in it [elaborately trim in it augmenting it size neglecting it dishevelle an untidy fo th sake of affectin asceticism boasting
[dis
ofPurit
"116
io it
117/A.D. 735 See ibn-Sa'd, VoI.VII.
Pt.2, pp.1-3 ibn-Outaybah pp. 234-35
yell
re
he ractic is er issi le in rder to
113.
Unidentified an probably spurious
114
Abu-Dawud,Tar&jjul:18jal-Nasa'i Zinahj15. is
p. 73.
116.
identified.
Abu-Dawud.Tarajjulj 20 al-Nasa' Zinah:15
69
r ie s
Th Kita Asra al-Taharah
fPu
-'
all
s."l hile saffro
an phillyre
sh
fo th
ur os
ra am."ll
fo fo th
as io
of ai in
ls
he
'' h~ in
yell
ha
gu eb
as
th
"1
ls hild "120
lu t.
fere ce an
ve eratio th
as
d.
as re li d, "Doyo no all dislike gray
hair?"12l.. te
ra
th
le
th
ru
in
-o
ar
hi
st rs (al-shuyukh)
he
ju
ar
s,
118.
Surak xxi:61.
119.
Surak xviii:12.
120.
Surak xix:13.
121.
Cf. ibn-Sa'd Vol.l Pt.2 pp.135-39.
122.
Ab
M u a mm a
Baghda
unde
u l- Ta mi m
a I- Mo rw az i A H
aI-Ma'mun, Se ibn-Khallikan,
187 aI-Baghdadi, Vol.X, IV, pp.191-204.
71
249JAD
857.
Vol.m, pp.175
r ie s
Th Kita Asra al-Taharah
fPu
-'
all
s."l hile saffro
an phillyre
sh
fo th
ur os
ra am."ll
fo fo th
of ai in
he
'' h~ in
yell
as io
ls
ha
gu eb
as
th
"1
ls hild "120
lu t.
fere ce an
ve eratio th
as
as re li d, "Doyo no all dislike gray
d.
hair?"12l.. te
ra
le
th
ru
th
-o
ar
hi
st rs (al-shuyukh)
he
ju
in
ar
s,
118.
Surak xxi:61.
119.
Surak xviii:12.
120.
Surak xix:13.
121.
Cf. ibn-Sa'd Vol.l Pt.2 pp.135-39.
122.
Ab
M u a mm a
Baghda
unde
u l- Ta mi m
249JAD
a I- Mo rw az i A H
aI-Ma'mun, Se ibn-Khallikan,
857.
Vol.m, pp.175
187 aI-Baghdadi, Vol.X, IV, pp.191-204.
71
70 Th Kita
hi ?" Ibn- ktha .i
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
retorted
same
"O th
he
an it judgeship, an with this retort silenced hi It as he au ho ha 'one ai '1 's th bull ha on also!'''. Abu-'Amribn-al-'Ala124 said 'Wheneve yo se
although he ay be Umayya ibn-'Abd-Sha s."125 Ayyubal-Sakhtiyani126 said, '1 ha wa
replied, 'l yo only ne [wha is good]yo ould have alke behind hi ul from th othe side If no ledg Sufyan from hi personally et it at anytim throug othe transmitters I·should miss
o l V ,p .3 3
b n- Qu ta yb ah ,
p. 44
al-Fihrist, p.2S ibn-Khallikan,
Vo
n, 105-S.
is. A .
7 71 . s e
See ibn-Qutaybah 2 91 ,
Tahdhi
ra ti
is lu king th gray hair
ofgray hair an saidtha it It
disappro ed have already. be
asthe li ht
ntioned.
Th fift practice isplucking th bear in hole fun or play This is isapprov d-it
pp.234-39j
al-
aI-Asma', pp.170-71 died thre
pp.156-65j ib KhaIlikan, VoU, pp.575-77.
72
ra
dislikes the light
. th e u ra ys h S e i bn - u ra y a I A z Kitab al-lshtiqaq, Wustenfeld (Cottengen 1854), p.103. S a ' an i
ould if
him or indirectly through [transmitters].
plucki Tahdhib al-Asma, p.445.
yo h?"H
Sufyan,128 despite his advanced age, fo the compan
he fourth
years,"
ro
knowle ge nn bl hi ." Yahy ib -Mucin on se in hmad ibn- an al al in behi ul ridden by al-Shafi'i told hi "0 abu-'Abdullah, se
fro
AjD. 634. See b n S ad .
ofPurit
year before ibn-HambaI wa born
aI-Tirmidhi, Fada'i aI.Jihad
73·
9j aI-Nasa'i , Jihad: 25
Th Kita
hi ?" Ibn- ktha .i
Asra
Th Mysterie
al-Taharah
retorted
same
"O th
he
an it judgeship, an with this retort silenced hi It as he au ho ha 'one ai '1 's th bull ha on also!'''. Abu-'Amribn-al-'Ala124 said 'Wheneve yo se
although he ay be Umayya ibn-'Abd-Sha s."125 Ayyubal-Sakhtiyani126 said, '1 ha wa
replied, 'l yo only ne [wha is good]yo ould have alke behind hi ul from th othe side If no ledg Sufyan from hi personally et it at anytim throug othe transmitters I·should miss
plucki b n- Qu ta yb ah ,
al-Fihrist, p.2S ibn-Khallikan,
Vo
n, 105-S.
is. A .
See ibn-Qutaybah 2 91 ,
Tahdhi
asthe li ht
ntioned.
ra
dislikes the light Th fift practice isplucking th bear in hole fun or play This is isapprov d-it
pp.234-39j
al-
aI-Asma', pp.170-71 died thre
year before ibn-HambaI wa born
aI-Tirmidhi, Fada'i aI.Jihad
pp.156-65j ib KhaIlikan, VoU, pp.575-77.
9j aI-Nasa'i , Jihad: 25
73·
72
Th Kita
is lu king th gray hair
disappro ed have already. be
. th e u ra ys h S e i bn - u ra y a I A z Kitab al-lshtiqaq, Wustenfeld (Cottengen 1854), p.103. S a ' an i
ra ti
ofgray hair an saidtha it It
p. 44 7 71 . s e
ould if
him or indirectly through [transmitters]. he fourth
o l V ,p .3 3
yo h?"H
Sufyan,128 despite his advanced age, fo the compan
years,"
Tahdhib al-Asma, p.445.
ro
knowle ge nn bl hi ." Yahy ib -Mucin on se in hmad ibn- an al al in behi ul ridden by al-Shafi'i told hi "0 abu-'Abdullah, se
fro
AjD. 634. See b n S ad .
ofPurit
Asra al·Taharah
Th Mysterie
al-Qad l33
Shuray
oCPurity
wish
va
n. an on fth stan before 'U ar ibn- Abd-al-'Aziz [133 bu th caliph rejected hi es imony. ikewise, Umar bn alperson
hose practice it wa to pluc hi beard.
on God
some wh swea sa ng "B Him wh hath adorne
hi
as
ofMo es
specia favour an distinct on
women. Accordin to [some] singula interpretation (Ghari
al-t 'wil His
will"131
Th follower of al-Abnaf
dove-tail, an
will
manners." twent
thousand. hi
was
he he
becoming th righteous
'Abbasids. Se ibn-Sa'd Vol. VI p.249; ibn-Qutaybah 131.
ng
p.24~.
Surah xxxv: 1. le
-e
ibn-Qutaybah. pp.216-17; ibn·Khallikan
74
ll
l es s
VoU. PP 411-15
cf.
Tahdhib a1-As~a'. pp.313-14.
Th Kita
Asra al·Taharah
Th Mysterie
oCPurity
al-Qad l33
Shuray
wish
va
n. an on fth stan before 'U ar ibn- Abd-al-'Aziz [133 bu th caliph rejected hi es imony. ikewise, Umar bn alperson
hose practice it wa to pluc hi beard.
on God
some wh swea sa ng "B Him wh hath adorne
hi
as
ofMo es
specia favour an distinct on
women. Accordin to [some] singula interpretation (Ghari
al-t 'wil His
will"131
Th follower of al-Abnaf
dove-tail, an
will
manners." twent
thousand. hi
was
ng
he he
becoming th righteous
'Abbasids. Se ibn-Sa'd Vol. VI p.249; ibn-Qutaybah
p.24~.
Surah xxxv: 1.
131.
le
-e
ll
ibn-Qutaybah. pp.216-17; ibn·Khallikan
l es s
cf.
VoU. PP 411-15
Tahdhib a1-As~a'. pp.313-14.
74
Th Mysterie Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
Th eighth practice is co bingthe bear fo th 134
xi it ards in th fo th sa [attra ti he atte ti il an le ti them dishevelle to appear before the ascetic. he
in
nd tent
practi
ar
resp ti
ly
Such self-admiratio is blame-worthy with regard to
all
ha former. Le it, ho r, be filth. and dirt onesel ar innu berabl an in detail in th Quarte on Th
pertai
th hair rinsin
he na el anicurin th nails, washin th knuckles an leanin th fing r-ti s; an fo rtai to he ha he th at r---a1 tradition. 135
hi
ha
be
ti ne
in
hy 13
Perh ps is ibn- I- arit aI-H n, ibn-Qutaybah, p.261; aI-Sha'rani Vol I, pp.62-63. Muslim Tirmidhi
Taharah: 49-51;
D. 841. ee
ibn-MBjah Taharah:8
in ar
shal take them up estructive arters
re th th ysteri rity to be followedby that onthe ysteries ofPrayer
is ss th leanli ss hr hi vern th
to th head na el partin
that th
therefrom.
actions, as will later be discussed hi is ha ha interi arious in ador nt an traditio dealin it th rule
orPurit
al-
Adab 14,15.
77
Th Mysterie Th Kita Asra
al-Taharah
Th eighth practice is co bingthe bear fo th 134
xi it ards in th fo th sa [attra ti he atte ti il an le ti them dishevelle to appear before the ascetic. he
in
nd tent
practi
ar
resp ti
ly
Such self-admiratio is blame-worthy with regard to
all
orPurit
ha former. Le it, ho r, be filth. and dirt onesel ar innu berabl an in detail in th Quarte on Th
that th
in ar
shal take them up estructive arters
therefrom. re th th ysteri rity to be followedby that onthe ysteries ofPrayer
actions, as will later be discussed hi is ha ha interi arious in ador nt an traditio dealin it th rule pertai
is ss th leanli ss hr hi vern th
to th head na el partin
th hair rinsin
he na el anicurin th nails, washin th knuckles an leanin th fing r-ti s; an fo rtai to he ha he th at r---a1 tradition. 135
hi
ha
be
ti ne
in
hy 13
Perh ps is ibn- I- arit aI-H n, ibn-Qutaybah, p.261; aI-Sha'rani Vol I, pp.62-63. Muslim Tirmidhi
Taharah: 49-51;
D. 841. ee
ibn-MBjah Taharah:8
al-
Adab 14,15.
77
INDE
OF PROPER NA os s, 75
69,70,71. A br a a m 9, 1. Ah af l- 41 'A'ishah,24 36,47,58 Aktham, ib se Yahy Aktham.
Bukhari, al-, Sahih, Bulq 1296 Darimi al-, Sunan, Damascus 1349 Dawud, abu, Sunan, Cair 1280 ha abi, al
Tadhkira
at-Huffaz, Hyderabad
Hanbal Ahma ibn- Musnad, Cairo 1329-1333 Majah, ibn-, Sunan, Cair 1349 Muslim, Sahih, Delh 1319
73. ' Al i i bn -a bi - a li b 3 0
Wustenfeld Gottinge
1850
Tayalisi, al- Musnad, Hyderaba
ibn-
Ayyu
Sa'i ibn-al-Mussayyab 36 S a h ti y A yy u a l- , 7 2 S al m a l- Fa ri si , 2 6 Shu'bah,37. 59. Shu'b i al-, 67. Shurayah aI-Qadi, 75 S id di q A b - B k r a l- , 4 7 ir 7. Sufis, 7.
al-,
i, Bishribn-al-Harith
'arif,
1321
Tirmidhi 8 1 - , Sunan, Cair 1920
Damascus Gabriel,6.
52
6.
50
u f a n i bn - U ya y a h
H a b al , A h a d i b - , 3 . Hudhayafah 24 H ur a r ah , b u- ,S , 7, Ibrahi
ibn-Adham,
Yaqut Mu'jam al-Bulda Leipzig 1866-1870. 78
3.
9.
Thawri, Sufyanal-, lO la ib 52,53,57,67.
36
74.
a'd, ibn- Kita al-Tabaqat al-Kubra Sachau an others Leyden 1905-1921. Sha'rani al~,al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, Cairo 1345.
25
Na ir Qa'adah, 68 Q a s , a l- Ah na f i bn - 7 4 Qu a' 29
7.
Husayn 'Ali ibn-al-, n a i b - Ma li k 7 1 n sa ri , b u- Ay y a l- , 5 0 Arabians 46,49. 'Arafah, 42 Asbat, Yusu ib -, se 'Attab ib Asid ' At iy ah , u mm - 6 ~ 'Attab ibn-Aaidi 1.2.
Nasa'i al-, al-Mujtaba, Delh 1-315. Nawawi, al-, Wustenfeld, Gottingen 1842-1847
u ba ra k i b - al in Mujahid,40 Munkar,55 Muzdalifah 42
72. ' Ut hm a i bn -' Af f n , Y a y a i b - Ak th am ,
y la , i bn -a l- , 7 4 lM al i i bn - n as , 1 5 Malikites, 79
47 1, 2.
INDE
OF PROPER NA os s, 75
69,70,71. A br a a m 9, 1. Ah af l- 41 'A'ishah,24 36,47,58 Aktham, ib se Yahy Aktham.
Bukhari, al-, Sahih, Bulq 1296 Darimi al-, Sunan, Damascus 1349 Dawud, abu, Sunan, Cair 1280 ha abi, al
Tadhkira
at-Huffaz, Hyderabad
Hanbal Ahma ibn- Musnad, Cairo 1329-1333 Majah, ibn-, Sunan, Cair 1349 Muslim, Sahih, Delh 1319
73. ' Al i i bn -a bi - a li b 3 0
Wustenfeld Gottinge
1850
Tayalisi, al- Musnad, Hyderaba
ibn-
Ayyu
Sa'i ibn-al-Mussayyab 36 S a h ti y A yy u a l- , 7 2 S al m a l- Fa ri si , 2 6 Shu'bah,37. 59. Shu'b i al-, 67. Shurayah aI-Qadi, 75 S id di q A b - B k r a l- , 4 7 ir 7. Sufis, 7.
al-,
i, Bishribn-al-Harith
'arif,
1321
Tirmidhi 8 1 - , Sunan, Cair 1920
Damascus Gabriel,6.
52
6.
50
u f a n i bn - U ya y a h
H a b al , A h a d i b - , 3 . Hudhayafah 24 H ur a r ah , b u- ,S , 7, Ibrahi
ibn-Adham,
Yaqut Mu'jam al-Bulda Leipzig 1866-1870.
3.
9.
Thawri, Sufyanal-, lO la ib 52,53,57,67.
36
74.
a'd, ibn- Kita al-Tabaqat al-Kubra Sachau an others Leyden 1905-1921. Sha'rani al~,al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, Cairo 1345.
25
Na ir Qa'adah, 68 Q a s , a l- Ah na f i bn - 7 4 Qu a' 29
7.
Husayn 'Ali ibn-al-, n a i b - Ma li k 7 1 n sa ri , b u- Ay y a l- , 5 0 Arabians 46,49. 'Arafah, 42 Asbat, Yusu ib -, se 'Attab ib Asid ' At iy ah , u mm - 6 ~ 'Attab ibn-Aaidi 1.2.
Nasa'i al-, al-Mujtaba, Delh 1-315. Nawawi, al-, Wustenfeld, Gottingen 1842-1847
u ba ra k i b - al in Mujahid,40 Munkar,55 Muzdalifah 42
72. ' Ut hm a i bn -' Af f n , Y a y a i b - Ak th am ,
y la , i bn -a l- , 7 4 lM al i i bn - n as , 1 5 Malikites, 79
78
ahdalh,23.
ajza',45.
sarih,16.
arak,30.
shahdah,
'awrah,23.
shuyukh, al-, 70.
awsakh,45.
si",2.
a'yan, 12..
sunnah,41. tabi'un,
al-,
a-, 67.
47 1, 2.
