SPSS for Windows Step by Step Answers to Selected Exercises
Dependent Variable: TOTHELP (total amount of help provided) GENDER N Mean PROBLEM TYPE N Mean GENDER 1 female 325 .194 1 Goal Disruptive 229 -.129 1 Female 2 male 212 -.073 2 Relational 209 .019 3 Illness 86 .088 4 Catastrophic 13 .263 2 Male
Source Type III Sum of Squares Corrected Model 16.732 Intercept .586 GENDER 2.861 PROBLEM 4.956 GENDER*PROBLEM .417 Error 273.285 Total 290.009 Corrected Total 290.008
df 7 1 1 3 3 529 237 536
PROBLEM TYPE 1 Goal Disruptive 2 Relational 3 Illness 4 Catastrophic 1 Goal Disruptive 2 Relational 3 Illness 4 Catastrophic
Mean Square 2.389 .586 2.861 1.652 .139 .517
N Mean 105 -.002 132 .145 50 .288 7 .345 102 -.257 57 -.106 34 -.112 6 .182
F Sig. 4.624 .000 1.134 .287 5.538 .019 3.198 .023 .269 .848
(note: only significant results are shown) (I)Problem Type 1 Goal Disruptive
(J) Problem Type 2 Relational 3 Illness
Mean Difference (I Std. Error - J) -.1960* .0688 -.2499* .0909
Gender by Problem on Total Help .3 .2 .1
GENDER FEMALE MALE
GOAL DISRUPT
RELATIONAL
Problem Type
ILLNESS
.005 .006
(The chart (left) is included for demonstration only. There is no significant interaction in the present results.)
.4
) 0.0 s e r o -.1 c s z ( -.2 p l e h l -.3 a t o T -.4
Sig.
CATASTROPHIC
A 2-way ANOVA was conducted to determine the influence of gender and type of problem on the total amount of help given. Results showed a significant main effect for gender in which women (M = .12) gave more help than men (M = -.18), F(1, 529) = 5.54, p = .019. There was also a significant main effect for problem type, F(3, 529) = 1.65, p = .023. Post hoc comparisons using the least significant differences procedure with an alpha value of .05 revealed that subjects helping with a goal disruptive problem spent less time helping (M = -.12) than subjects helping with relational problems (M = .07) or illness problems (M = -.13). There was no significant gender by problem type interaction.
