Gener alGui del i nesofPumpPi pi ngLayout General Guidelines
Following sketch (sketch-1) shows a portion of a typical plot plan with few Equipment's, pipe rack etc shown. For equipment spacing pl refer, plant layout and piping specification numer !-"#-!$-%%&, "E "ap guidelines, andor #* 11+.
!ump !iping $ayout superimposed in a plot plan
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!ump !um p loc locati ation on wil willl aff affect ect the pi pipin ping g rou routin ting g and sup suppor portin ting. g. !um !umps ps car carryi rying ng hydrocarons and materials aoe &% degree shall not e located elow pipe
racks, structures, air fin coolers and essels. /hose in non-flammale serice may e located eneath the pipe rack without ostructing the access ay, other maintenance requirements of the respectie process unit.
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!umps shall e located as close to the source of suction in order to minimi0e pressure drop in the system. /he line si0e and temperature will e the determining factors in piping layout.
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preliminary piping layout ( study layout ) shall e made to determine the requirement of spacing etween pumps especially in case of side suction side discharge, top suction top discharge pumps where straight length requirement platform !# requirement etc hae to e considered.
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2educers in pump suction lines shall e as close as possile to the pump suctiondischarge no00les.
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Eccentric reducers in pump suction lines shall e flat on top in order to preent any entrained apours in the liquid from accumulating in the high point ( if installed ottom flat ) and thus causing caitation in the pump. !umps in oiler feed water serice operating close to apour pressure of the liquid are susceptile to this type of prolems.
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2educers in pump discharge should e concentric in most cases. Eccentric reducers may e used in oth suction and discharge piping for top suctiontop discharge pumps in order to otain clearance etween suction and discharge piping.
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onsideration must e gien to lue oil and seal oil systems and any cooling water requirements. are must e e3ercised not to lock access to the pump seals and earings when routing these lines.. /he pump data sheet should always e reiewed to make sure these requirements are not missed. For ery large pumps these may e separate on skids.
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4hen deeloping an equipment layout in pump areas, the layout designer must enision potential ostructions around the pumps (e.g. large lock ales, steam turine piping, and tee-type pipe supports from grade). s per il ndustry #afety *irectorate stipulation ( #* 11+ ) 1 mtr (1%%%mm ) is the minimum accepted spacing etween pumps.
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u3iliary piping shall e neatly routed along the ase-plate and shall not e3tend across the operating floor. /his piping shall not ostruct inspection coers, earing caps, upper hales of casings or any other items which require access for operation or maintenance. n order to aoid a fire ha0ard, luricating oil, control oil and seal oil pipes shall not e routed in the icinity of hot process or hot utility pipes.
/ypical pump suction piping at acuum tower
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ooling water pipes to pumps and compressors shall not e less than %56. !ipes 756 or less shall hae the take-off connection from the top of the header in order to preent plugging during operation.
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4hen fle3iility loops are required etween pumps, it is necessary to partially run the lines oer the pump and drier. Eery effort must e made to minimi0e maintenance ostructions y running the piping either outside the area directly oer the pumps or at a high enough eleation to permit the remoal of the pump or drier.
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/he pump shall e placed in such a manner so that the suction no00le eleation is always elow the esseltank no00le and suction pipe shall e routed so that there is no pockets.
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!umps in acuum serice present special prolems. #ince the system operates at a negatie pressure and ery high temperature, the pumps must e located ery close to the suction source. /his is often directly elow the tower or immediately outside the tower support columns. !umps located directly eneath the tower can e mounted on a special spring ase as shown in sketch elow.
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n some rare cases one pump is installed as a common spare etween two other pumps in different serices. /he pump must e manifolded in such a way to accomplish this.
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!umps may e single-stage or multi-stage. 8ulti stage pumps are usually side suction side discharge. /hese pumps require significantly more space and faces layout prolems. /here is usually a straight run requirement (e3ample, 7 pipe diameters) etween the suction flange and the first elow as shown in #ketch. *ue to
the heaier casing design for high pressures, allowale no00le loads are often higher for multi-stage pumps making pipe stress prolems somewhat easier to resole.
!iping sometric #ketch
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/he location of ales, strainers, spacerslinds etc. needs special consideration. /he option of placing the ales at a higher eleation and proiding an operating platform has got its own adantages and disadantages. f ales are proided at a higher eleation the accessiility for the pumps is enhanced ut the operaility of the ales ecomes difficult.
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t shall e noted that een if the type of pump is same, different piping layouts may e followed. #o it is not always necessary that same layout shall e followed for same
type of pumps, ut is goerned y arious factors such as temperature, requirement of ertical strainers etc.
Creep: /ime dependent deformation of material that occurs under load at Eleated temperatures. •
reep range for $ow aronsteel 8aterial 9%.%7 to %.7
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reep range for 8edium aronsteel 8aterial 9 %.7 to %.7
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reep range for :igh aronsteel 8aterial 9 ;%.7
Jacking oil: n order to preent the metal to metal contact w the
Gland Steam Piping: 4hile steam is passing through pipes there is a chance of leakage of air in to ales which causes a serious damage. n order to preent this damage. "land steam is supplied which pressure is slightly higher t han the acuum pressure.
Extended Gland Packing: t seals without aid of gland steam.
Control Valves: 8ainly ontrol ales are > types. 1. !ressure ontrol ?ale (!?) . /emperature ontrol ?ale (/?) &. Flow ontrol ?ale ( F?) >. $eel ontrol ?ale($?) •
n $..nlet lines !? = /? are used.
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n #eal il oer :ead /ank = #eal il /raps $?# are used.
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llowale !ressure *rop 1@ in 1%% mm length.
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llowale #lope 7 mm in 1m.$ength.
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!ipe si0e 1 AB and elow we use #ocket 4eld +%% rating flanges.
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For 1 AB !ipe line we use !iston $ift 5on 2eturn ?ale generally.
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For B !ipeline we use #wing heck 5on 2eturn ?ale.
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6ending 2adius for 1B pipe 9 1%%mm
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6ending 2adius for CB pipe 9 D7mm
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pto 1 AB we use generally pipe ends.
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1 AB and aoe we use elows.
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onnection locks are used for take connections on casings. long onnection 6lock 8etallic "askets are used.
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E3pansion 6ellows are generally used in /urine nlet = *rain lines. ?elocity of liquid less than that of "ases ecause liquids adhere to walls of pipe, then friction is more. :ence elocity is less.
Fl angesWi t hs t andi ngRat i ngCapac i t yForGasLi nes : 17%2F ------------ p to 1%.7 ta.
&%%2F------------ 1 ta.
%%2F------------ > ta.
17%%2F------------ 1%7 ta.
7%%2F------------ 1D7 ta.
