Sejarah dan perkembangan GAFTA (Grain and Feed Trade GAFTA Trade Association Association)) bermula pada tahun 1878, ketik ketika a Asosiasi Perd Perdagangan agangan Jagung ondon (London Corn Co rn Tr Trad ade e As Ass soc ocia iati tion on)) di didi diri rika kan n ol oleh eh an angg ggot ota a pe perd rdag agang angan an !agung untuk untu k melindungi kepentingan mereka"#TA mereka"#TA (London ( London Corn Trad Tr ade e As Asso soci ciat atio ion n) be berus rusah aha a un untuk tuk me menc ncap apai ai ha hall ini de deng ngan an mengadopsi bentuk kontrak standar, $ang disusun oleh asosiasi, seti se tiap ap pe pers rsel elis isih ihan an $a $ang ng ti timb mbul ul da dari ri kon ontra trak k in inii di dise sele lesa saik ikan an mela me lalu luii ar arbi bitr tras ase e da dari ripa pada da un unda dang ng%u %und ndan ang g $a $ang ng be berl rlak aku" u" Perse erselis lisiha ihan n dir diru!u u!uk k ke o ondo ndon n dan dil dilak akuk ukan an di ba& ba&ah ah huk hukum um 'nggris" Pada tahun 1*, sekelompok pedagang memisahkan diri dari da ri # #T TA da dan n me memb mben entu tuk k as asos osia iasi si ba baru ru $a $ang ng le lebi bih h kh khus usus us , ondo o ndon n +ap +apii Food Trad rade e Ass Associ ociati ation on (on (ondon don #att #attle le Food Tra Trade de Association), mereka mereka berokus pada perdagangan protein nabati $ang $a ng di digu gunak nakan an se seba baga gaii ma mak kana anan n he he&an &an"" Pad ada a ta tahun hun 1 1**-,, #F #FT TA men eng ghi hillan angk gkan an kat ata a . .on ond don on.. da dari ri nam aman an$a $a,, men en!a !adi di sema se maki kin n in inte tern rnas asio iona nali lisa sasi si"" Pad ada a ta tahu hun n 1 1* *,, pe pemb mbic icar araa aan n merg me rger er di dimu mula laii an anta tara ra # #T TA da dan n #F #FT TA" /a /asi sill pe pemb mbic icar araa aan n terse ter sebu butt ad adal alah ah pe pemb mbent entuk ukan an as asos osia iasi si ga gabu bung ngan an ba baru, ru, $a $ait itu u Asosiasi Perdagangan Gabah dan Pakan pada tahun 171" Pada tahun 08 'nternational General Produce Association ('GPA) bergabung dengan GAFTA" GAFTA GAFT A be berk rkant antor or pu pusa satt di /o /olb lbor orn, n, ond ondon on da dan n sa saat at in inii mengoperasikan tiga kantor lainn$a di ei!ing, Jene&a dan 2ie3"
GAFTA (Grain
and Feed Trade Association )
GAFTA merupakan sebuah asosiasi perdagangan interna ernas sional $ang melindungi para angg nggota otan$a n$a deng engan men$ediakan bantuan kontrak dan arbitrase, !aminan perdagangan, kebi!akan perdagangan, pelatihan proessional dan networking events.
GAFTA mena&arkan berbagai macan kategori keanggotaan termasuk pedagang, broker, penga&as, penganalisis, umigator, arbitrator, perorangan, proessional dan anggota cabang, mencerminkan beragam la$anan $ang dita&arkan
Kanggotaan GAFTA GAFTA adalah asosiasi perdagangan internasional dengan lebih dari 1- anggota di 8 negara "4ang mena&arkan berbagai kategori keanggotaan, termasuk pedagang, broker, penga&as, analis, umigator, arbiter, indi3idu, proesional dan anggota cabang" 5en!adi anggota mendapatkan akses ke direktori anggota, $ang berisi datar semua anggota saat ini, men$ediakan dukungan kerangka ker!a untuk perdagangan internasional dan berbagai manaat dari anggota eksklusi $ang berhubungan dengan enam la$anan utama GAFTA"
6 alasan untuk menjadi anggota GAFTA 1. Kontrak GAFTA mengembangkan bentuk%bentuk standar kontrak $ang diperkirakan bah&a 8 6 dari perdagangan gandum dunia, beras dan gandum $ang dikirimkan" Anggota GAFTA !uga dapat men!adi anggota komite GAFTA untuk memastikan bah&a kontrak%kontrak ini tetap ber!alan, men!adi pihak $ang netral dan mencerminkan praktek perdagangan" 2. Arbritrase GAFTA mengoperasikan la$anan pen$elesaian sengketa internasional untuk perselisihan kontrak" Pilihan bisa ditegakkan di 1 negara di ba&ah 2on3ensi e& 4ork " Anggota GAFTA menerima potongan bia$a harga untuk la$anan dan akses ke datar mangkir dari perusahaan $ang belum memenuhi penghargaan
. Asuransi !erdagangan +kema Jamninan Perdagangan GAFTA9GAFTA Trade Assurance +cheme (GTA+) adalah skema berbasis /A##P $ang tersedia untuk perusahaan $ang beroperasi di bi!i%bi!ian dan perdagangan pakan internasional" Anggota GAFTA dapat menga!ukan permohonan untuk diakui serta di:inkan oleh analis dan penga&as GAFTA $ang telah memenuhi s$arat untuk melaksanakan peker!aan pada kontrak GAFTA"
". Kebijakan !erdagangan a$anan 2ebi!akan Perdagangan me&akili pandangan anggota GAFTA untuk men!adi otoritas dengan memberikan inormasi pendapat tentang perkembangan legislati dan kebi!akan melalui publikasi materi biasa pada pasar gandum saat ini dan update pada isu%isu perdagangan" Anggota GAFTA dapat berkontribusi dan mempengaruhi kiner!a GAFTA dalam membuat kebi!akan #. !endidikan dan !elatihan GAFTA mengoperasikan Pengembangan proessional GAFTA9GAFTA Proessional ;e3elopment (GP; untuk meningkatkan pemahaman para anggota dalam praktek perdagangan internasional dan masalah kontrak " anggota GAFTA menerima diskon besar pada bia$a pelatihan dan memiliki akses ke Jarak Program Pembela!aran9;istance earning Program (;P)" 6. $%ent GAFTA men!alankan berbagai seminar dan konerensi, acara dasi hitam dan resepsi di seluruh dunia untuk memasilitasi !aringan dalam perdagangan" Para anggota GAFTA menerima entri tiket untuk acara sebagaimana akses ke acara anggota eksklusi dan la$anan inormasi, serta suratkabar per dua bulanan" A"2ontrak
GAFTA memiliki berbagai macam kontrak $ang dapat di lihat di&ebsite resmin$a &&&"gata"com Arbitration Gata.s arbitration ser3ice pro3ides parties &ho use our standard orms o contract &ith a s$stem to resol3e trade disputes in a ast and e
A='T=AT'> =?@+ >" 10-
+'5P@ ;'+P?T@+ A='T=AT'> =?@+ >" 10*
Arbitration or 5aritime Gata also oers an arbitration ser3ice or maritime disputes arising under the Gata #harterpart$" These disputes are are ad!udicated b$ BualiCed arbitrators, &ho are eDperts in maritime matters"
A='T=AT'> =?@+ >" 107
5ediation Additionall$,
&e oer contracting bodies an alternati3e to
Arbitration, b$ using 5ediation to resol3e disputes" 5ediation can be used at an$ time and is a useul &a$ to assist parties in
negotiating solutions &hilst at the same time preser3ing trade relationships"
5@;'AT'> =?@+ >" 108
Arbitrators All arbitrations are ad!udicated b$ Gata EualiCed Arbitrators, &ho ha3e been assessed under the #P;P" 'n order to maintain its high standards all Gata EualiCed Arbitrators and 5ediators are registered
on
the
#ontinuing
Proessional
;e3elopment
Programme to keep up%to%date on all contractual and arbitral issues"
Appointment o Arbitrators Gatas BualiCed arbitrators must ha3e been acti3el$ engaged in the grain and eed trade or at least ten $ears" @Dperience in the trade plus the training and eDaminations ensures the reBuired le3el o eDpertise and commercial aptitude in determining the range o issues put to Gata Arbitrators"
Arbitration and 5ediation =ules Gata Arbitration =ules are incorporated in all Gata standard orms o contracts" The rules pro3ide or a t&o%stage arbitration s$stem" The latest 3ersion o the Arbitration =ules and 5ediation =ules are eecti3e rom 1st June 01"
Arbitration #ommittee The aim o the Arbitration #ommitte is to pro3ide transparenc$ regarding the policies and procedures o all aspects o the arbitration ser3ices, including clari$ing the relationships, roles and responsibilities bet&een Gata and Arbitrators" Trade Assurance
The Ga&ta Trade Assuran'e S'heme (GTAS) is a A! based s'heme a%ailable to all 'ompanies operating in the international grain and &eed trades. *t 'o%ers ea'h stage in the trading and logisti's suppl+ 'hain &rom &arm in the 'ountr+ o& origin to deli%er+ to the ,nal end-user in the 'ountr+ o& destination. erti,'ations 'arried out b+ lead auditors SF erti,'ation against t/o o& the s'heme manuals (0ulk Storage and andling and Transport o& Goods b+ oad) are a''redited under *S3*$ 1456#. erti,'ations
'arried
out
against
the
other
manuals
making up the s'heme also meet these reuirements. GTAS pro%ides in one 'omplete trading and logisti's s'heme the best pro&essional pra'ti'es designed to maintain 'onsumer 'on,den'e 'on'erning the handling and deli%er+ o& sa&e &ood and &eed. An+ 'ompan+ /hether operating /ithin their o/n 'ountr+ or in the /ider international arena - ma+ appl+ to be'ome 'erti,ed under the S'heme.
The Crst 3ersion o the scheme (31") &as introduced in April 0*" ersion *" (3*") applies to all audits undertaken rom 1st April 01- until urther notice"
Application Procedure
•
?2 #ompanies ?2 companies &ishing to appl$ or certiCcation under the Gata Trade Assurance +cheme are reBuired to complete an application orm &hich should be or&arded &ith pa$ment directl$ to the scheme auditors and certiCcation bod$ (#), +F #ertiCcation" Ater receipt o pa$ment and the completed application orm applicants are contacted to arrange an audit"
•
on%?2 companies #ompanies &ishing to appl$ or certiCcation under the Gata Trade Assurance +cheme are reBuired to complete an enBuir$9Buotation orm to enable a Buotation to be gi3en or the cost o audit and certiCcation &hich is dependent on indi3idual circumstances" Ater a Buote is gi3en and accepted a date &ill be arranged or audit b$ the #" =eBuests or Buotations should be addressed to +F #ertiCcation or i the compan$ is located in a =ussian speaking region the applicant ma$ elect to use an alternati3e # T? =heinland ?kraine #" 5utual =ecognition o +chemes
Gata recognises other trade assurance schemes that ha3e eBui3alent s$stem reBuirements and standards to GTA+, and &hich are considered to pro3ide the same le3els o ood and eed saet$ control" Agreements o eBui3alence allo& the Ho& o goods into and rom other certiCed chains"
Gata recognises the ollo&ing schemes in accordance &ith the rele3ant scopes per signed mutual recognition agreementsI Agricultural 'ndustries #onederation (A'#)I ?FA+ (?ni3ersal Feed Assurance +cheme) 5erchants TA+## (Trade Assurance +cheme or #ombinable #rops) 5erchants, =oad /aulage, +torage, Testing" elgian Feed #hain Platorm (>>#>5)I G5P Animal Feed +cheme Trading, +torage, Transport b$ =oad, Kater&a$ and +ea" G5PL 'nternational ""I G5PL Feed #ertiCcation (G5P L F#) +cheme Trading, +torage, Transport b$ =oad, Kater&a$ and +ea"
$7 ene/able $nerg+ 8ire'ti%e
The @? =ene&able @nerg$ ;irecti3e 09089@# came into eect on -th ;ecember 01" This legislation introduced targets or rene&able energ$ in @? member states and enables the suppl$ o eedstocks or biouels and bioliBuids" The legislation applies to all goods intended to be classiCed as MsustainableN, or use as biouel and bioliBuid in the @? &hich are intended to count to&ards national rene&able energ$ targets" Traders and storekeepers that procure, handle, store and deli3er goods or biouels or bioliBuids must be able to pro3ide e3idence that the reBuirements o =@; are being met, b$ production o a proo o sustainabilit$ certiCcate or eBui3alent, issued under an @? appro3ed certiCcation scheme, or each consignment o goods supplied" =@; compliance is demonstrated b$ a chain o custod$, e3idenced b$ clearl$ annotated documentation accompan$ing goods in transit and b$ cross checking compliance status &ith on%
line databases" Khere =@; goods are in3ol3ed the reBuirement to operate a =@; compliant mass balance s$stem applies" ;etailed inormation about obtaining certiCcation or compliance &ith the reBuirements o =@; are a3ailable as Appendices in the Trading and +torage 5anuals o GTA+"
Gafta's Trade Policy service represents members' views to authorities by providing informed opinion on legislative and policy developments through the publication of regular material on the current grain market and policy updates on trade issues. Areas of Influence
Gafta has excellent ongoing connections to international organisations and authorities allowing for access to information to negotiate routes for effective representation. Trade Policy provides advocacy and informed opinion on! •
Global Agricultural "egislation and Policy
•
#arket Access and Trade $acilitation
•
$ood and $eed %afety& uality
•
%ustainability and $ood %ecurity
•
$inancial "egislation
•
International (n
)etails on (ducation and Training including the Gafta Professional )evelopment *GP)+ the )istance "earning Programme *)"P+ and the recognised trade ,ualification the Gafta Trade )iploma.
-ne of Gaftas main services is to offer training covering essential aspects of international trade such as understanding contracts and contractual obligations the shipping of goods by sea the risks arising out of importing and exporting goods and the use of Gafta Arbitration in resolving contractual disputes to name a few.
/e offer members the opportunity to participate through two distinct learning routes either by attending face0to0face training at various locations worldwide through Gafta Professional )evelopment *GP)+ or by enrolment to our )istance "earning Programme *)"P+. 1ompletion of either route entitles students to take various forms of examinations successful completion of which awards them the Gafta Trade )iploma.
GA$TA P2-$(%%I-3A" )(4("-P#(3T *GP)+
-pen to both members and non0members our Professional )evelopment programme offers a wide range of educational opportunities and currently consists of four courses!
•
Trade $oundation
•
$ormation and $ulfilment of 1ontractual -bligations
•
%hipping the Goods
•
)ealing with and 2esolving Problems Taught through a mixture of lectures discussions practical exercises and case studies these courses vary in length from two to four days with each day divided into two to three sessions. %uccessful completion of each is based on passing an end of course examination.
)I%TA31( "(A23I3G P2-G2A##( *)"P+
A Gafta members exclusive service our fully interactive )istance "earning Programme is an alternative to Professional )evelopment designed for students who prefer flexible e0learning opportunities and currently consists of six modules!
•
Introduction to 1ontracts
•
$ulfilling 1ontractual -bligations
•
Payment and 2isk
•
1harterparties and International 1arriage 2egimes
•
/hat to do in (xceptional 1ircumstances
•
Problems and 5ow to 2esolve Them (ach module is delivered through a series of tutorials self0assessment exercises marked exercises and examinations. The programme takes approximately 67 months to complete.
8espoke Training
Gafta also offers in0house tutorials. These are developed in a bespoke fashion and a flat0rate fee is applied depending on the specific re,uirements. Tutorials are delivered in workshop format with lectures introducing the sub9ect. %tudents are then guided through facilitated discussion on topics directly relevant to in0company practices with training targeted at specific issues.
GA$TA T2A)( )IP"-#A
The Gafta Trade )iploma is an internationally recognised trade ,ualification. -n completion of the Gafta Professional )evelopment or the Gafta )istance "earning Programme students are eligible to take the Trade )iploma assessment process. (ligible applicants who pass the examination and have ten years relevant trade experience can apply to become Gafta ualified Arbitrators.
