FRCR 2a march 2010 papers

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vaginal septa, transverse and longitudinal. A transverse vaginal septum is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the female genital tract. It is thought to be the result of faulty canalization of the embryonic vagina, and may be related to 
 DES exposure. Transverse septa may be complete, resulting in cryptomenorrhoea and haematocolpometra, or partial, with pinpoint openings allowing for menstrual flow. They are usually found in the midvagina, but may occur at any level. When the septum is in the upper vagina it is more likely to be incomplete. If located in the lower part of the vagina it is more likely to be complete. Ideally, an asymptomatic complete vaginal septum is incised before menarche, to allow for discharge of secretions, but not surgically revised until after menarche. At that time the membrane may be excised, along with the ring of dense subepithelial connective tissue surrounding the vagina at the level of the partition. A longitudinal vaginal septum occurs when the distal ends of the Mullers ducts fail to fuse properly. A fibrous septum lined with epithelium divides the vagina, and the uterus may be bicornuate, with one or two cervices. Rarely, each part of the vagina is encircled by a separate muscular layer and this condition is called a double vagina. This anomaly is usually found in association with duplication of the vulva, bladder and uterus. Asymptomatic longitudinal septa do not need to be treated. http://www.medcyclopaedia.com/library/topics/volume_iv_2/v/vaginal_septum.aspx  /0E 6 5< + 20K
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