ϭͲϴϬϬͲϰϱϲͲϭϯϴϴͻǁǁǁ͘ũĂnjnjŬƐ͘ĐŽŵ
Cover Photo is Jamey Aebersold
CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION ........................................2 Valuable Jazz Information........................................3 SOLOING by Jamey Aebersold ...............................4 Jazz: The Natural Music ...........................................5 Suggested Listening–Jazz Artists ..........................7 +LVWRULFDOO\6LJQL¿FDQW5HFRUGLQJV ........................8 Tips For Learning A New Tune ................................9 Practice Procedures For Memorizing Scales and Chords To Any Song ....................................9 Practice Procedures–Musical Examples ..............10 SONG LIST for Beginners ......................................11 SCALES ...................................................................12 Introduction to the SCALE SYLLABUS ................13 SCALE SYLLABUS .................................................14 NOMENCLATURE ...................................................15 The Dominant 7th Tree of Scale Choices .............16 Ten Basic Exercises–TREBLE CLEF ....................17 Ten Basic Exercises–BASS CLEF.........................18 TREBLE CLEF SCALES .........................................19 BASS CLEF SCALES..............................................20 Ear Training .............................................................21 Interval Chart ..........................................................22 Basic Keyboard and the Chromatic Scale ...........23 The Circle of Cycle of Fourths ..............................24 Scales/Modes Based on the Major Scale .............24 HOW TO PRACTICE by Jerry Coker .....................25 HOW TO PRACTICE by David Liebman................25
Things That Create Interest When Soloing ..........26 Starting A Phrase or Melody..................................26 Jazz ARTICULATIONS ............................................27 Jazz RHYTHMS .......................................................29 The BLUES SCALE and Its Use.............................30 F BLUES & Bb BLUES PROGRESSIONS: For TREBLE CLEF C Instruments ....................31 For Bb Instruments ............................................31 For Eb Instruments ............................................32 For BASS CLEF C Instruments .........................32 PLAYING THE BLUES ............................................33 What Does “To Hear” Really Mean? .....................34 VARIATIONS ON BLUES ........................................35 Values–Plato Quote–Bill Evans Quote .................36 BEBOP CHARACTERISTICS by David Baker ......37 Short List of Bebop Players ..................................38 BEBOP SCALES .....................................................38 Transposition Chart................................................39 Two Interesting Short Stories................................39 Jamey’s JAZZ THEORY ASSIGNMENTS ..............41 II/V7/I Progression With Emphasis On The 7th Resolving To The 3rd ..................................46 PIANO VOICINGS: Blues Voicings....................................................47 Major and Dominant 7th Voicings ....................48 II/V7/I Voicings ....................................................49 Jamey’s POINTS TO REMEMBER .........................52
This booklet is provided FREE OF CHARGE by Jamey Aebersold Jazz. If you would like a complete catalog of the thousands of jazz educational materials available, please call 1-800-456-1388 or visit www.jazzbooks.com SUMMER JAZZ WORKSHOPS
)RULQIRUPDWLRQFRQFHUQLQJWKH¿QHVWLQMD]]HGXFDWLRQZULWHWR6800(5-$==:25.6+236FRWKHDGGUHVV EHORZ2XUZHHNORQJ:RUNVKRSV DQGWKHGD\³$Q\RQH&DQ,PSURYLVH´6HPLQDUV DUHKHOGLQORFDWLRQV DOORYHUWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVDQGDUHRSHQWRSHRSOHRIDOODJHVDOODELOLWLHVDQGDOOLQVWUXPHQWV
JAMEY AEBERSOLD JAZZ P.O. Box 1244 New Albany, IN 47151-1244 www.jazzbooks.com Copyright © 2000, 2010 by Jamey Aebersold Jazz®. All Rights Reserved. Printed in U.S.A. International Copyright secured. All copyrights used by permission No portion of this book may be reproduced in any way w/o express written permission.
1
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ÀX[,QRUGHUWREHDSDUWRIWKHMD]]PRYHPHQW RQHPXVWDFFHSWFKDQJH-D]]KDVFKDQJHGJUHDWO\RYHUWKHSDVW\HDUVDQGLVSUHVHQWO\LQWUDQVLWLRQ(DFK JHQHUDWLRQRIMD]]PXVLFLDQVFRQWULEXWHWKHLURZQXQLTXHLGHDVIHHOLQJVDQGVRXQGWRWKHPXVLFDQGWKLVLVZKDW FUHDWHVWKHFKDQJH,I\RXHTXLS\RXUVHOIZHOO\RXPD\EHRQHRIWKRVHSHRSOHZKRLQÀXHQFHRWKHUVDQGVHWQHZ WUHQGVLQMD]] ,I\RXZDQWWRJHWLWDOOWRJHWKHU,VXJJHVWUHDGLQJHDFKRIWKHSDJHVLQWKLVERRNOHWYHU\FDUHIXOO\0DUNZLWKSHQ RUSHQFLOSRLQWVWKDW\RXIHHODUHLPSRUWDQWVRZKHQ\RXÀLSWKURXJKWKHSDJHV,QWKHIXWXUH\RXUH\HZLOOFDWFK WKHPListen, listen, listenFDUHIXOO\WRDQ\RQHSOD\LQJMD]]RULPSURYLVLQJ
- Jamey Aebersold 2
VALUABLE JAZZ INFORMATION 7KHEDVLFLQJUHGLHQWVLQPXVLFDUH6&$/(6&+25'60(/2'<5+<7+0DQG+$5021<-D]]HGXFDWLRQ¶VSXUSRVHLVWRJLYH\RXWKH EDVLFV\RXQHHGLQOHDUQLQJWRSOD\MD]]RUWRLPSURYLVH7KHMD]]PXVLFLDQLVDQLQVWDQWFRPSRVHU7KHPHORGLHVZKLFKFRPHIURPWKHLU LQVWUXPHQWVDUHFRQFHLYHGLQWKHLUPLQGMXVWEHIRUHWKH\SOD\WKHP7KHGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQWKHLPSURYLVHUDQGWKHWUDGLWLRQDOFRPSRVHULV WKLV WKDWWKH³MD]]HU´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
3
SOLOING
by Jamey Aebersold
1. Keep your placeGRQ¶WJHWORVW,I\RXdoJHWORVW/,67(1WRWKHUK\WKPVHFWLRQ7KHGUXPPHUZLOORIWHQJLYH DOLWWOHFUDVKDWWKHEHJLQQLQJRIQHZVHFWLRQV,I\RXKLWDQRWHWKDWLVQRWZKDW\RXLQWHQGHGPRYHLWXSRUGRZQ DKDOIVWHSDQG\RX¶OOSUREDEO\EHEDFNLQWKHVFDOH RUFKRUG 5HPHPEHUMD]]PXVLFXVXDOO\PRYHVLQWZRIRXU DQGHLJKWEDUSKUDVHV
Some of Jamey’s Recommended Play-A-Long Volumes are: 1, 24, 3, 21, 116, 84, 54, 70, 47, and 120
4
JAZZ: THE NATURAL MUSIC ,PSURYLVLQJSOD\LQJMD]]LVWKHPRVWQDWXUDOZD\WRPDNHPXVLF/RQJEHIRUHWKHSULQWLQJSUHVVZDVLQYHQWHG SHRSOHSOD\HGPXVLFRQYDULRXVLQVWUXPHQWVDQGDOOZHUHWKRXJKWWREHFUHDWLYHPXVLFLDQV7KURXJKWKHDJHVWKH DUWRILPSURYLVLQJRQDPXVLFDOLQVWUXPHQWJUDGXDOO\ORVWIDYRUWRWKHSULQWHGSDJH,QWKHWZHQWLHWKFHQWXU\WKH DUWRILPSURYLVLQJKDVEHHQNHSWDOLYHE\WKHMD]]PXVLFLDQ 7RGD\¶VMD]]HULVQRWWKHVDPHDVWKHPXVLFLDQRIWKHWKLUWLHVIRUWLHVRU¿IWLHV7KHLQÀXHQFHRIMD]]HGXFDWLRQ VRXQGUHFRUGLQJVYLGHRVDQGMD]]IHVWLYDOVKDVDOORZHGWKHPXVLFWRUHDFKPDQ\PRUHSHRSOHDQGWREHH[SHUL HQFHGE\DOPRVWDQ\RQHZKRLVZLOOLQJWRJLYHLWDWU\ )RU\HDUVWKHP\WK³\RXHLWKHUKDYHLWRU\RXGRQ¶W´ZDVSUHYDOHQWLQPXVLFFLUFOHVDURXQGWKHZRUOG,I\RXZDQWHG WRSOD\MD]]\RXKDGEHWWHUJHWDGRSWHGLQWRDPXVLFDOIDPLO\RUE\WKH³OXFNRIWKHGUDZ´¿QGWKHULJKWHQYLURQPHQW IRU\RXUHDUO\\HDUVVRE\RVPRVLV\RXFRXOGSLFNXSRQWKHKRWOLFNVDQGDWWKHVDPHWLPHGHYHORSDJUHDWMD]] HDUVRWKDWZKHQ\RXSOD\HG\RXULQVWUXPHQW\RXZRXOGVRXQGOLNHDMD]]HU 7LPHKDVSURYHQWKDWWKHVHLGHDVZKLFKZHUHYHU\SRSXODUDUHQRWWUXH7KH\QHYHUZHUHWUXHEXWPDQ\PXVLFLDQV WKRXJKWWKH\ZHUHDQGWKDW¶VZKDWJLYHVDQLGHDLW¶VORQJHYLW\2QFHSHRSOHIURPQRQPXVLFDOEDFNJURXQGVLQ QRQMD]]\HQYLURQPHQWVEHJDQSOD\LQJWKHPXVLFDQGSOD\LQJLWZHOOHYHU\RQHKDGWRWDNHDQRWKHUORRNDWZKDW JRHVRQZKHQVRPHRQHVWDQGVXSDQGLPSURYLVHVDJRRGVRORRYHUDVWDQGDUGFKRUGSURJUHVVLRQVXFKDVGreen 'ROSKLQ6WUHHW&RQ¿UPDWLRQRUWKHEOXHV +HUHDUHVHYHUDOLQJUHGLHQWVWKDWJRLQWRPDNLQJDJRRGMD]]VRORLVWLPSURYLVRU 'HVLUHWRLPSURYLVH 6HULRXVOLVWHQLQJWRMD]]YLDUHFRUGLQJVDQGOLYHSHUIRUPDQFHV $PHWKRGRISUDFWLFHZKDWDQGKRZWRSUDFWLFH $UK\WKPVHFWLRQZLWKZKLFKWRSUDFWLFHDQGLPSURYLVH YLDOLYHJURXSRUSOD\DORQJUHFRUGLQJV 6HOIHVWHHPGLVFLSOLQHDQGGHWHUPLQDWLRQ :KHQ,ZDVDWHHQDJHU,ZRQGHUHGLI,¶GHYHUEHDEOHWRSOD\RQP\LQVWUXPHQWWKHPHORGLHV,ZDVKHDULQJLQP\ KHDG,GLGQ¶WKDYHDMD]]WHDFKHUVR,ZRXOGOLVWHQWRWKHUDGLRRUUHFRUGVDQGWU\WRWDNHRIIWKHLGHDVRIWKHMD]] JUHDWVVXFKDV&ROHPDQ+DZNLQV&KDUOLH3DUNHU'L]]\*LOOHVSLH6RQQ\6WLWW&KHW%DNHU6RQQ\5ROOLQVDQG PDQ\RWKHUV,I,ZHUHWRVWDUWDJDLQKHUH¶VKRZ,ZRXOGGRLW ,ZRXOGEHJLQE\SOD\LQJRQP\LQVWUXPHQWVLPSOHOLWWOHPHORGLHVVXFKDV+DSS\%LUWKGD\7ZLQNOH7ZLQNOH/LWWOH StarDQGRow, Row, Row Your Boat,ZRXOGSLFNDQRWHLQP\PLGGOHUHJLVWHUVD\*DQGEHJLQSOD\LQJRQHRI WKHVHVRQJV:KHQ,¿QDOO\SOD\HGLWFRUUHFWO\21(WLPH,ZRXOGSLFNDQHZVWDUWLQJQRWHVD\(EDQGSOD\WKH VDPHVRQJEHJLQQLQJRQWKDWQRWH'RWKLVRYHUDQGRYHUEHJLQQLQJRQGLIIHUHQWWRQHVXQWLO\RXFDQSOD\WKHVRQJ VWDUWLQJRQGLIIHUHQWQRWHVZLWKRXWPLVWDNHV7KHQWU\DGLIIHUHQWVRQJDQGJHWVR\RXFDQSOD\LWVWDUWLQJRQDQ\ RIWKHWZHOYHQRWHVRIWKHFKURPDWLFVFDOH7KLVLVDQH[FHOOHQWZD\RIFRQGLWLRQLQJ\RXU¿QJHUVDQGPLQGWRZRUN WRJHWKHUWRSURGXFHWKHVRXQGV\RXDUHKHDULQJLQ\RXUKHDG,WVKRUWHQVWKHGLVWDQFHIURPPLQGWR¿QJHUV -D]]PXVLFLDQVKDYHDOZD\VSOD\HGWKHPXVLFRIWKHLUPLQG²ZKDWWKH\KHDULQWKHLUKHDG7KH\DUHQ¶WVSHFLDO JLIWHGSHRSOHZKRZHUHERUQZLWKPRUHWDOHQWWKDQRWKHUV7KH\MXVWKDGPRUHGHVLUHDQGGLVFLSOLQHWKDQRWKHUV 7KHLUDELOLW\WRPHQWDOO\KHDUDQLGHDDQGWKHQSOD\LWFRPHVIURPSUDFWLFH :KHQ\RXUXQRXWRILGHDVWRSUDFWLFH\RXOLVWHQWRRWKHUPXVLFLDQV7KHMR\RIOLVWHQLQJWRRWKHUVFRXSOHGZLWK \RXULPDJLQDWLRQZLOOOHDGWRIUHVKPXVLFDOLGHDV7KHDQVZHUWRHYHU\PXVLFDOTXHVWLRQPD\EHIRXQGRQUHFRUG LQJV7KDWLVZK\OLVWHQLQJLVVRLPSRUWDQWIRUWKHEHJLQQLQJLPSURYLVRU 8VXDOO\ZHEHJLQLPSURYLVLQJRQVRQJVOLNHEOXHVLQ%ERU)6DWLQ'ROO0DLGHQ9R\DJHRUSummertime6RQJV OLNHWKHVHGRQ¶WFRQWDLQWULFN\UK\WKPVRUGLI¿FXOWKDUPRQ\ VFDOHVDQGFKRUGV 7KLVPDNHVLWHDVLHUWRPDNH VHQVHRIWKHVRQJDQGIHHOUHODWLYHO\JRRGDERXWLPSURYLVLQJRYHUWKHKDUPRQ\7KHVHVRQJV DQGPDQ\PRUH DUHRQWKH9RO³0DLGHQ9R\DJH´SOD\DORQJ +HUHDUHVHYHUDOH[HUFLVHVHYHU\SURIHVVLRQDOMD]]PXVLFLDQKDVSUREDEO\SOD\HGDWRQHWLPHRUDQRWKHU3OD\ WKHVHRYHUWKHKDUPRQ\ FKDQJHVFKRUGVFDOHV WRZKDWHYHUVRQJ\RXDUHZRUNLQJRQ'RWKLVEHIRUH\RXWU\ WRLPSURYLVH
3OD\WKH¿UVW¿YHQRWHVWRHDFKFKRUGVFDOH 3OD\WKHWULDG QRWHVDQGRIWKHVFDOH 3OD\WKHHQWLUHVFDOHIURPWKHURRW ¿UVWQRWH WRWKH WKDQGEDFNGRZQ 3OD\WKHWKFKRUGXSDQGGRZQ 3OD\WKH WKFKRUGXSDQGGRZQ 3OD\WKHVFDOHXSWRWKH WKDQGWKHQFRPHEDFNGRZQWKHchord 3OD\WKHFKRUGXSWRWKH WKDQGWKHQFRPHEDFNGRZQWKHscale 3OD\WKHVFDOHLQWKLUGVXSDQGGRZQ 5
,I\RXZHUHWRWDNHQXPEHUVDQGIURPDERYHDQGDSSO\WKHPWRWKH¿UVWIRXUEDUVRIDQ)EOXHVLWZRXOG ORRNOLNHWKLV
1. 2. 3. ,RQFHKHDUGWUXPSHWHU:RRG\6KDZZDUPLQJXSEHIRUHDFRQFHUWLQWKHDERYHPDQQHU,WLPSUHVVHGPHEHFDXVH ,WKRXJKWRQO\EHJLQQHUVXVHGWKLVW\SHZDUPXS$IWHUWKLQNLQJDERXWLW,UHDOL]HGLWZDVWKHPRVWSUDFWLFDOZD\WR DSSURDFKDQ\QHZVRQJ:KHQ\RXGRWKLV\RXDUHFRQGLWLRQLQJ\RXUPLQGDQG¿QJHUVWRWKHVFDOHVDQGFKRUGV ZKLFK\RXZLOOLQWXUQLPSURYLVHRYHU,WPDNHVJRRGVHQVH
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
+DYLQJVSHQWRYHU\HDUVZRUNLQJZLWKPXVLFLDQVRIDOOOHYHOV,¿QGWKDWRQHRIWKHIXQGDPHQWDOQHHGVLVWR H[SUHVVWKHPVHOYHVLQDQLPSURYLVDWRU\PDQQHURQWKHLULQVWUXPHQW3OD\LQJMD]]KDVEHHQWKHURXWHWKRVHPXVL FLDQVKDYHWDNHQ &UHDWLYLW\DQGXVHRILPDJLQDWLRQLVHVVHQWLDOWRRXUZHOOEHLQJDVKXPDQVRQWKHSODQHW(DUWK:HDUHFUHDWLYH EHLQJV:LWKDOLWWOHJXLGDQFHHYHU\RQHFDQOHDUQWRLPSURYLVHDQGHQMR\WKHIUXLWVRIVHOIH[SUHVVLRQLQPXVLF 7KHUH¶VUHDOO\QRWKLQJWREHDIUDLGRI/LIHLVH[DFWO\ZKDW\RXPDNHLWWREH 6
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¶5LYHUD.HQQ\*DUUHWW+HUE*HOOHU%XQN\*UHHQ-LPP\*UHHQH$QWRQLR+DUW-RKQ-HQNLQV&KULVWLQH-HQVHQ(ULF.ORVV /HH.RQLW]&KDUOLH0DULDQR-DFNLH0F/HDQ5RVFRH0LWFKHOO)UDQN0RUJDQ/DQQ\0RUJDQ/HQQLH1LHKDXV*UHJ2VE\&KDUOLH3DUNHU$UW3HSSHU%XG 6KDQN6WHYH6ODJHO-LP6QLGHUR-DPHV6SDXOGLQJ6RQQ\6WLWW%REE\:DWVRQ6WHYH:LOVRQ3KLO:RRGV-RKQ=RUQ 4. TENOR SAX*HRUJH$GDPV(ULF$OH[DQGHU*HQH$PPRQV%RE%HUJ-HUU\%HUJRQ]L'RQ%UDGHQ0LFKDHO%UHFNHU*DU\&DPSEHOO*HRUJH&ROH PDQ-RKQ&ROWUDQH-XQLRU&RRN(GGLH³/RFNMDZ´'DYLV%LOO(YDQV-RH)DUUHOO%XG)UHHPDQ&KLFR)UHHPDQ9RQ)UHHPDQ*HRUJH*DU]RQH6WDQ *HW]%HQQ\*ROVRQ3DXO*RQVDOYHV'H[WHU*RUGRQ-RKQQ\*ULI¿Q6WHYH*URVVPDQ(GGLH+DUULV&ROHPDQ+DZNLQV-RH+HQGHUVRQ,OOLQRLV-DFTXHW &OLIIRUG-RUGRQ-RKQ.OHPPHU5DOSK/DODPD+DUROG/DQG3DW/D%DUEHUD$]DU/DZUHQFH'DYH/LHEPDQ&KDUOHV/OR\G-RH/RYDQR5LFN0DUJLW]D %UDQIRUG0DUVDOLV:D\QH0DUVK%RE0LQW]HU+DQN0REOH\-DPHV0RRG\5LFK3HUU\%LOO\3LHUFH&KULV3RWWHU'HZH\5HGPDQ-RVKXD5HGPDQ6RQQ\ 5ROOLQV3KDURDK6DQGHUV/DUU\6FKQHLGHU$UFKLH6KHSS:D\QH6KRUWHU=RRW6LPV6RQQ\6WLWW6WDQOH\7XUUHQWLQH%HQQ\:DOODFH%HQ:HEVWHU:DOW :HLVNRSI/HVWHU
7
HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT RECORDINGS ,I\RXZDQWWROHDUQWRSOD\MD]]\RXKDYHWROLVWHQOLVWHQOLVWHQ%XWPDQ\WLPHVVWXGHQWVGRQ¶WKDYHDQ\LGHDZKDWUHFRUG LQJVWREX\6RZHKDYHFUHDWHGWKLVOLVWRIPDQ\RIWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWUHFRUGLQJVLQMD]] 0RVWRIWKHUHFRUGLQJVOLVWHGDUHIURPWKH¶V¶V ¶V%HERSHUD7KLVLVGXHWRWKHVWURQJLQÀXHQFHWKLVSDUWLFXODU SHULRGRIPXVLFKDVKDGRQRXUFXUUHQWMD]]´VFHQHWRGD\:HKDYHSXUSRVHO\RPLWWHGDQXPEHURIYHU\HDUO\UHFRUGLQJV EHFDXVH PDQ\RIWKRVHHDUO\UHFRUGLQJVKDGYHU\SRRUVRXQGTXDOLW\ WKHDUWLVWVUHFRUGHGORWVRIPDWHULDODQGVRWKH\ DUHUHSUHVHQWHGE\ODWHUUHFRUGLQJVHOVHZKHUHRQWKLVOLVWDQGRU WKHHDUO\UHFRUGLQJVDUHQRWFXUUHQWO\DYDLODEOHRQ&' ,I\RXKDYHDWXUQWDEOH\RXVKRXOGVWDUWFKHFNLQJRXW\DUGVDOHVDQGWKULIWVWRUHV²RIWHQ\RXFDQ¿QGFODVVLFMD]]UHFRUGLQJV RQYLQ\OIRUQH[WWRQRWKLQJ )RUHDFKUHFRUGOLVWHG\RXFDQVHHWKHDUWLVWQDPHIROORZHGE\WKHQDPHRIWKHDOEXP &$1121%$//$''(5/(<620(7+,1¶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µ5281'$%2870,'1,*+7 (552//*$51(5&21&(57%<7+(6($ 0,/(6'$9,65(/$;,1¶:,7+0,/(6 :(60217*20(5<,1&5(',%/(-$==*8,7$5 -2(+(1'(56213$*(21( )5$1.5262/,12)5(()25$// :(60217*20(5<)8//+286( $57)$50(502'(51$57 6211<52//,167(1250$'1(66 $57%/$.(<02$1,1¶ 0,/(6'$9,6,1$6,/(17:$< 7+(/21,286021.:,7+-2+1&2/75$1( &+,&.&25($12:+(6,1*612:+(62%6 %,//(9$16681'$<$79,//$*(9$1*8$5' &+$5/,(3$5.(512:¶67+(7,0( 67$1*(7=)25086,&,$1¶621/< &+$5/,(3$5.(5%,5' ',= -2(+(1'(5621/86+/,)(675$<+251086,& %,//(9$16:$/7=)25'(%%< .(11<'25+$081$0$6 /(67(5<281*7+(35(6,'(173/$<6 :7+(26&$53(7(562175,2 -2(+(1'(5621,1µ1287 -2+1&2/75$1( -2+11<+$570$1 1$1&<:,/621:,7+&$''(5/(<
0,/(6'$9,6&22.,1¶ 5('*$5/$1'*5229< 0,/(6'$9,667($0,1¶:,7+0,/(6'$9,6 -2+11<*5,)),1$%/2:,1¶6(66,21 -2+1&2/75$1(%$//$'6 &$5/)217$1$7+(*5($7)217$1$ $57%/$.(<8*(768 $57%/$.(<$1,*+7$7%,5'/$1'92/ )5('',(+8%%$5'+8%721(6 %8'32:(//7+(*(1,862) 0,/(6'$9,6%,7&+(6%5(: -2+1&2/75$1(&203/(7(9$1*8$5' /((.21,7=68%&216&,286/(( 67$1*(7=67$1*(7= %,//(9$16 0,/7-$&.621%$*60((76:(6 -,00<60,7+%$&.$77+(&+,&.(16+$&. 6211<52//,163/86)285 -2(+(1'(5621,11(585*( :22'<+(50$1.((3(52)7+()/$0( %8'32:(//7+($0$=,1*92/ &/,))25'%52:1%52:152$&+,1& -2(+(1'(562102'()25-2( +25$&(6,/9(5%/2:,1¶7+(%/8(6$:$< &/,))25'%52:1025(678'<,1%52:1 6211<&/$5./($3,1¶$1'/23,1¶ 0,/(6'$9,60<)811<9$/(17,1( &+,&.&25($/,*+7$6$)($7+(5 +(5%,(+$1&2&.(03<5($1,6/(6 6211<52//,161(:.¶67,0( +25$&(6,/9(5&$3(9(5'($1%/8(6 +(5%,(+$1&2&.7+(35,621(5 0,/(6'$9,66(9(167(3672+($9(1 %,//,(+2/,'$</$'<'$< %(672)9(59(<56 &+$5/(60,1*860,1*86$+80 '(;7(5*25'21+20(&20,1*/,9($799 $57%/$.(<7+(%,*%($7 &$1121%$//$''(5/(<,16$1)5$1&,6&2 0,/(6'$9,60,/(660,/(6 -2+1&2/75$1(/,9($7%,5'/$1' 0,/7-$&.621%$*60((76:(6 )5('',(+8%%$5'675$,*+7/,)( 0,/(6'$9,6%$*¶6*5229( 251(77(&2/(0$16+$3(2)-$==72&20( 67$1/(<7855(17,1(83$70,1721¶6 -2+1&2/75$1(0<)$925,7(7+,1*6 0,/(6'$9,61()(57,7, :22'<6+$:/,77/(5('¶6)$17$6< (//,1*7210,1*8652$&+021(<-81*/( ',==<*,//(63,(52<$1'',= %(11<&$57(5)857+(5'(),1,7,216 -2+11<*5,)),1728*+7(125)$925,7(6 &2817%$6,(7+(&203/(7($720,&%$6,(
8
TIPS FOR LEARNING A NEW TUNE
/LVWHQWRWKHVRQJRYHUDQGRYHU 0HPRUL]HWKHPHORG\LQ\RXUPLQG%HDEOHWRVLQJLW /LVWHQFDUHIXOO\WRWKHEDVVOLQHDQGWKHKDUPRQ\LQJHQHUDO*HWDQRYHUDOOVHQVHRIKRZ WKHVRQJLVSXWWRJHWKHU 7U\SOD\LQJWKHPHORG\IURPPHPRU\VORZO\DW¿UVW 7KHQSOD\WKHPHORG\DORQJZLWKWKHUHFRUGLQJ&RS\LQÀHFWLRQVDUWLFXODWLRQVVOXUV SKUDVLQJG\QDPLFVHWF /HDUQWKHVFDOHVDQGFKRUGVLQWKHRUGHUDVWKH\DSSHDULQWKHVRQJ0DNHVXUH\RX¶YH JRWWKHULJKWFKDQJHV FKRUGSURJUHVVLRQ *HWWKHPIURPDUHOLDEOHVRXUFHVXFKDVWKH SOD\DORQJERRNV ,PSURYLVHRYHUWKHKDUPRQ\NHHSLQJLQPLQGWKHRULJLQDOPHORG\DVDIUDPHRI UHIHUHQFH (PSKDVL]HWKHWKLUGVDQGVHYHQWKVRIVFDOHVLQ\RXUVRORLQJ 0HPRUL]HERWKPHORG\andFKRUGVFDOHVLI\RXKDYHQ¶WDOUHDG\.QRZZKHUHWKHFKRUG WRQHVDUH21<285,167580(17 ,PSURYLVH\RXURULJLQDOPHORGLHVEDVHGRQZKDW\RXUPLQG+($56/HW\RXUPLQGJXLGH \RXUFKRLFHRIQRWHVSKUDVLQJUK\WKPVDUWLFXODWLRQVHWF /LVWHQFRQVWDQWO\WRWKHRULJLQDOUHFRUGLQJRIWKHVRQJWRIXUWKHUVWLU\RXULPDJLQDWLRQ ,QFRUSRUDWHLGHDVRIWKHUHFRUGLQJLQWR\RXUVRORV /HDUQWKHO\ULFVLIWKHVRQJKDVDQ\0HQWDOO\VLQJWKHO\ULFVZKLOHSOD\LQJWKHPHORG\ )DOOLQORYHZLWKWKHPHORGLHVWRVRQJV3OD\WKHPOLNH<28ZURWHWKHP ³,¶YHDOZD\VWULHGWRUHFUHDWHPHORGLHVHYHQEHWWHUWKDQWKHFRPSRVHUVZKRZURWHWKHP,¶YHDOZD\VWULHGWRFRPH XSZLWKVRPHWKLQJWKDWQHYHUHYHQRFFXUUHGWRWKHP7KLVLVWKHFKDOOHQJH QRWWRUHDUUDQJHWKHLQWHQWLRQVRIWKH FRPSRVHUVEXWWRVWD\ZLWKLQWKHSDUDPHWHUVRUZKDWWKHFRPSRVHUVKDYHLQPLQGDQGEHFUHDWLYHDQGLPDJLQDWLYH DQGPHDQLQJIXO´-- tenor saxophonist Joe Henderson (Taken from Jamey’s volume 1 book: “How to Play and Improvise”)
PRACTICE PROCEDURES FOR MEMORIZING SCALES AND CHORDS TO ANY SONG
3OD\URRWWRQLFQRWHRIHDFKFKRUGVFDOH 3OD\¿UVWQRWHVRIHDFKVFDOH 3OD\¿UVWQRWHVRIHDFKVFDOH 3OD\WKH¿UVW¿YHQRWHVRIHDFKVFDOH 3OD\WULDGRIWKHVFDOH DQGRIWKHVFDOH 3OD\WKFKRUGV DQGWKWRQHVRIWKHVFDOH 3OD\ WKFKRUGV DQG WKWRQHVRIWKHVFDOH 3OD\WKHHQWLUHVFDOHXSDQGGRZQ 3OD\WKFKRUGV DQGWKWRQHVRIWKHVFDOH 3OD\XSWKHVFDOHWRWKH WKDQGEDFNGRZQWKHFKRUGWRQHV 3OD\XSWKH WKFKRUGDQGWKHQFRPHEDFNGRZQWKHVFDOH 3OD\WKHVFDOHLQEURNHQWKLUGVXSDQGGRZQ HWFXS GRZQ 7KHDERYHDSSURDFKFDQEHXVHGZKHQOHDUQLQJWKHVFDOHVDQGFKRUGVWR$1<VRQJRUZKHQOHDUQLQJDQ\QHZ VFDOH
9
10
PRACTICE PROCEDURE FOR MEMORIZING SCALES AND CHORDS TO ANY SONG
Think of the blues progression as being three four-bar sections. It has a beginning (4-bars), a middle section (4-bars), and an ending (4-bars). After you become familiar with various scales and chords, you won’t need to go through ths practice procedure when working on a new tune. You’ll already have the needed scales and chords memorized. This is what the professional jazz musician has done. Commit to memory and enjoy making music. Remember, the purpose of any exercise is to help you truly MAKE MUSIC. Your OWN music.
As you play, memorize the chord/scale progression as well as the chord and scale tones. After playing through these eight choruses, I think you’ll be surprised how easy it is to memorize. Concentrate on the SOUND of each note.
The eight exercises listed below represent the typical jazz approach to learning the basic harmony for the blues in Bb. You’ll want to vary the rhythms to add variety and make them sound more improvised. You can use this approach for learning ANY scale or chord to ANY song. The Bb blues progression is taken from the Volume 42 “Blues In All Keys.”
SONG LIST FOR BEGINNERS +HUHDUHVRQJVZKLFKHYHU\RQHVKRXOGHYHQWXDOO\NQRZ±WKH\DUHJRRGMDPVHVVLRQVRQJV,DPOLVWLQJWKHNH\ V WKH\DUHPRVWRIWHQSOD\HGLQIROORZHGLQSDUHQWKHVLVE\WKHSOD\DORQJYROXPHQXPEHU V ZKHUH\RXFDQ¿QG WKHP0RVWRIWKHEHJLQQLQJVRQJVDUHRQWKH9ROXPH³0DLGHQ9R\DJH´SOD\DORQJERRNUHFRUGLQJVHW,W¶V H[FHOOHQWIRUOHDUQLQJMDPVHVVLRQWXQHV
Beginning Songs
Intermediate Songs
WURXEOHVRPHVSRWV >@ _ )RXU(E >) %@ 3HUGLGR%E >EULGJH@ $OO%OXHV* >' (E ' @ *URRYLQ+LJK(E >$'@ EULGJH@ _ 6RIWO\$V,Q$0RUQLQJ6XQULVH& >EULGJH@ 2Q*UHHQ'ROSKLQ6WUHHW(E _ _ 0LVW\(E >$ '& )LQEULGJH@ _ -XVW)ULHQGV) >$RRU$E @ .LOOHU-RH& >EULGJH@ 6ZHHW*HRUJLD%URZQ ,QGLDQD %DFN+RPH$JDLQ,Q *LUO)URP,SDQHPD)
%OXHVLQ%E ) _ )RRWSULQWV& 6DWLQ'ROO& 'R[\%E _ $XWXPQ/HDYHV* _ ,PSUHVVLRQVRU6R:KDW' _ 6XPPHUWLPH' _ 6RQJ)RU0\)DWKHU) _ 0DLGHQ9R\DJH$ _ 6LOYHUV6HUHQDGH( _ &DQWDORXSH,VODQG) _ 6XJDU& FDOOHG*URRYLWLV :DWHUPHORQ0DQ)
Advanced Songs 6WHOODE\6WDUOLJKW%ERU* >HQWLUHWXQH@ 6WDU(\HV(E >EDUV @ _ ,QYLWDWLRQ& >HQWLUHWXQH@ +DYHEULGJH@ ,*RW5K\WKP%E ) *LDQW6WHSV(E >HQWLUHWXQH@ $OO7KH7KLQJVHQWLUHWXQH@ 0RVWEDOODGV :D\QH6KRUWHUWXQHV +RUDFH6LOYHUWXQHV -RKQ&ROWUDQHWXQHV %HQQ\*ROVRQWXQHV DQGWKRXVDQGVRIRWKHUVRQJV
Memorize the melody Memorize the chord progression Memorize the various scales/chords
%HGLVFULPLQDWHLQ\RXUOLVWHQLQJ5HPHPEHU\RX¶UHWUDLQLQJ\RXU0,1' &KRRVH\RXUPXVLFOLNH\RXZRXOG\RXUIULHQGV 7KLQNRIKRZPDQ\IULHQGV¶YRLFHV\RXFDQUHFRJQL]HRYHUWKHWHOHSKRQHDIWHUWKH\VD\RQO\ RQHZRUG7KHTXDOLWLHVRIVFDOHV PDMRUPLQRUGRPWKGLPHWF ZLOOEHFRPHMXVWDVIDPLOLDU DQGHDV\WRUHFRJQL]HZLWKSUDFWLFH
11
SCALES = ¼ = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 = 7 = 1 2 3 4 5 6 °7 8 = Ç= 1 2 °3 4 5 6 °7 8
Major Dom. 7th Minor (Dorian)
These are the three most-used scales and chords.
Half-dim. = Ø = 1 °2 °3 4 °5 °6 °7 8 BØ = C¼ = B C D E F G A B Half-diminished scales are the same as a major scale 1/2 step above.
BØ2 = B C D E F G A B Blues scale = 1 °3 4 4 5 °7 8 2 =“Half-dim.2”, like:
Major pentatonic = 1 2 3 °3 Minor pentatonic = 1 Minor pent. (J. Coltrane) = 1 2 °3
5 6 8 °7 8 4 5 5 6 8
Scales are your best friends—get to know them inside out. They’ll do whatever you ask them to do. Make sure you know them well. CHORDS 0DMRU 7ULDGV 0LQRU 'LPLQLVKHG $XJPHQWHG
° °
°
7th CHORDS 0DMRU 'RPLQDQW 0LQRU 'LPLQLVKHG 'RPWK 0LQRU0DMRUWK +DOIGLPLQLVKHG
° ° ° °
° °
° ° °° WK ° °
&¼ & & &° &" &¼ &Ø
1) ¼ = Major 7th, it can mean a major scale (C¼) or it can mean a major 7th note (C¼) 2) 7 = Lowered 7th 3) – = Minor (usually Dorian Minor) 4) O = Diminished scale or chord 5) Ø = Half-diminished scale or chord 6) + or = Raise the note 1/2 step 7) or ° = Lower the note 1/2 step 8) 3 = Minor third interval (= 3 half-steps) 9) °9 after a letter (dom.7th chord) means there are 3 altered tones: b 9, 9 & 4 10) 9 after a letter (dom.7th chord) means there are 4 altered tones: °9, 9, 4 & 5
12
INTRODUCTION TO THE SCALE SYLLABUS (DFKFKRUGVFDOHV\PERO &&Ç&¼"HWF UHSUHVHQWVDVHULHVRIWRQHVZKLFKWKHLPSURYLVRUFDQXVHZKHQ LPSURYLVLQJRUVRORLQJ7KHVHVHULHVRIWRQHVKDYHWUDGLWLRQDOO\EHHQFDOOHGVFDOHV7KHVFDOHVOLVWHGKHUHDUHWKH RQHV,PRVWRIWHQKHDUPXVLFLDQVSOD\,KDYHOLVWHGWKH6FDOH6\OODEXVLQWKHNH\RI&&RQFHUWVR\RXFDQKDYH DIUDPHRIUHIHUHQFHDQGFDQFRPSDUHWKHVLPLODULWLHVDQGGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQWKHYDULRXVFKRUGVVFDOHV 7KLV6&$/(6
13
THE SCALE SYLLABUS LEGEND:+ +DOI6WHS: :KROH6WHS ¼ 0DMRUWK RU UDLVH+ °RU ORZHU+ Ø +DOIGLPLQLVKHG Ç + 0LQRU7KLUG CHORD/SCALE SYMBOL
SCALE NAME
C C7 FIVE BASIC CÇ CATEGORIES CØ C 1. MAJOR SCALE CHOICES C¼ (Can be written C) C C¼+4 C¼ C¼°6 C¼+5, +4 C C C C 2. DOMINANT 7th SCALE CHOICES C7 C7 C7 C7°9 C7+4 C7°6 C7+ (has 4 & 5) C7°9 (also has 9 & 4) C7+9 (also has °9, 4, 5) C7 DOMINANT 7th SUSPENDED 4th MAY BE C7 sus 4 WRITTEN C7 sus 4 G-/C C7 sus 4 3. MINOR SCALE CHOICES* CÇ or CÇ7 CÇ or CÇ7 CÇ or CÇ7 CǼ (maj. 7th) CÇ or CÇ6 or CÇ CÇ or CÇ7 CǼ (°6 & maj. 7th) CÇ or CÇ7 CÇ or CÇ°9°6 CÇ or CÇ°6 4. HALF DIMINISHED SCALE CHOICES CØ CØ2 (CØ9) CØ (with or without 2) 5. DIMINISHED SCALE CHOICES C
°
°
Major Dominant 7th (Mixolydian) Minor (Dorian) Half Diminished (Locrian) Diminished (8 tone scale) SCALE NAME
WHOLE & HALF STEP CONSTRUCTION WWHWWWH WWHWWHW WHWWWHW HWWHWWW WHWHWHWH W & H CONSTRUCTION
CDEFGABC C D E F G A B° C C D E° F G A B° C C D° E° F G° A° B° C C D E° F G° A° A B C SCALE IN KEY OF C
Major (don’t emphasize the 4th) Major Pentatonic Lydian (major scale with +4) Bebop (Major) Harmonic Major Lydian Augmented Augmented 6th Mode of Harmonic Minor Diminished (begin with H step) Blues Scale SCALE NAME
WWHWWWH W W Ç3 W Ç3 WWWHWWH WWHWHHWH W W H W H Ç3 H WWWWHWH Ç3 H Ç3 H Ç3 H Ç3 H W H W W H HWHWHWHW Ç3 W H H Ç3 W W & H CONSTRUCTION
CDEFGABC CDEGAC C D E F G A B C C D E F G G A B C C D E F G A° B C C D E F G A B C C D E G A° B C C D E F G A B C C D° D E F G A B° C C E° F F G B° C SCALE IN KEY OF C
Dominant 7th Major Pentatonic Bebop (Dominant) Spanish or Jewish scale Lydian Dominant Hindu Whole Tone (6 tone scale) Diminished (begin with H step) Diminished Whole Tone Blues Scale
WWHWWHW W W Ç3 W Ç3 WWHWWHHH H Ç3 H W H W W WWWHWHW WWHWHWW WWWWWW HWHWHWHW HWHWWWW Ç3 W H H Ç3 W
C D E F G A B° C CDEGAC C D E F G A B° B C C D° E F G A° B° C C D E F G A B° C C D E F G A° B° C C D E F G B° C C D° D E F G A B° C C D° D E F G B° C C E° F F G B° C
Dom. 7th scale but don’t emphasize the third Major Pentatonic built on °7 Bebop Scale SCALE NAME
WWHWWHW W W Ç3 W Ç3 WWHWWHHH W & H CONSTRUCTION
C D E F G A B° C B° C D F G B° C D E F G A B° B C SCALE IN KEY OF C
Minor (Dorian) Pentatonic (Minor Pentatonic) Bebop (Minor) Melodic Minor (ascending) Bebop Minor No. 2 Blues Scale Harmonic Minor Diminished (begin with W step) Phrygian Pure or Natural Minor, Aeolian SCALE NAME
WHWWWHW
WHHHWWHW WHWWWWH WHWWHHWH Ç3 W H H Ç3 W W H W W H Ç3 H WHWHWHWH HWWWHWW WHWWHWW W & H CONSTRUCTION
Half Diminished (Locrian) Half Diminished #2 (Locrian #2) Bebop Scale SCALE NAME
HWWHWWW WHWHWWW HWWHHHWW W & H CONSTRUCTION
Diminished (8 tone scale)
WHWHWHWH
Ç3 W W Ç3 W
SCALE IN KEY OF C
BASIC CHORD IN KEY OF C CEGBD C E G B° D C E° G B° D C E° G° B° C E° G° A (B°°) BASIC CHORD IN KEY OF C CEGBD CEGB CEGBD CEGBD CEGBD C E G B D CEGBD CEGBD CEGBD CEGBD BASIC CHORD IN KEY OF C C E G B° D C E G B° D C E G B° D C E G B° (D°) C E G B° D C E G B° D C E G B° D C E G B° D° (D) C E G B° D (D°) C E G B° D (D)
C F G B° D C F G B° D C F G B° D BASIC CHORD IN KEY Of C C D E° F G A B° C C E° G B° D C E° F G B° C C E° G B° D C D E° E F G A B° C C E° G B° D C D E° F G A B C C E° G B D C D E° F G G A B C C E° G B D C E° F F G B° C C E° G B° D C D E° F G A° B C C E° G B D C D E° F F G A B C C E° G B D C D° E° F G A° B° C C E° G B° C D E° F G A° B° C C E° G B° D SCALE IN KEY OF C BASIC CHORD IN KEY OF C C D° E° F G° A° B° C C E° G° B° C D E° F G° A° B° C C E° G° B° D C D° E° F G° G A° B° C C E° G° B° SCALE IN KEY OF C BASIC CHORD IN KEY OF C C D E° F G° A° A B C C E° G° A
NOTES: 1) The above chord symbol guide is my system of notation. I feel it best represents the sounds I hear in jazz. 3OD\HUVVKRXOGEHDZDUHWKDWHDFKFKRUGV\PEROUHSUHVHQWVDVHULHVRIWRQHVFDOOHGDVFDOH2)(YHQWKRXJKD& ZRXOGDSSHDU WRKDYHRQO\DUDLVHG WKLWDOVRKDVD° DQG7KHHQWLUH& VFDOHORRNVOLNH 5RRW° UG° URRW &'° '()*%°& 0\FKRUGV\PERO& LVWKHUHIRUHDQDEEUHYLDWLRQZKLOHWKHFRPSOHWHQDPHRIWKLVVFDOHLV'LPLQLVKHG :KROH7RQH VRPHWLPHVFDOOHG6XSHU/RFULDQRU$OWHUHG6FDOH 6LPLODUO\&° DOVRDSSHDUVWRKDYHRQO\RQHDOWHUHGWRQH ° EXW LWDFWXDOO\KDVWKUHH ° DQG7KHHQWLUHVFDOHORRNVOLNH 5RRW° UGWKWK° URRW &'°'()*$%° & 7KLVLVFDOOHGD'LPLQLVKHGVFDOHDQGP\FKRUGV\PERODEEUHYLDWLRQLV&° 3) $OOVFDOHVXQGHUWKH'RPLQDQWWKFDWHJRU\DUH VFDOHVWKDWHPEHOOLVKWKHEDVLF'RPLQDQWWKVRXQG6RPHVFDOHVSURYLGHPXFKPRUHWHQVLRQWKDQWKHEDVLFGRPLQDQWWKVRXQG DQGUHTXLUHSUDFWLFHDQGSDWLHQFHWRJUDVSWKHHVVHQFHRIWKHLUPHDQLQJ,HQFRXUDJH\RXWRZRUNZLWKVolume 3 “The 11-V7-1 Progression”VLQFHLWHPSKDVL]HV'LPLQLVKHGDQG'LPLQLVKHG:KROH7RQHVFDOHVDQGFKRUGV4) ,QFDWHJRU\0,1256&$/( &+2,&(6WKH385(0,125VFDOHFKRLFHLVQRWXVHGYHU\RIWHQ,KDYHIRXQGWKHRUGHURISUHIHUHQFHWREH'RULDQ%HERS0HORGLF %OXHV3HQWDWRQLFDQGWKHQDQ\RIWKHUHPDLQLQJ0LQRUVFDOHFKRLFHV
14
NOMENCLATURE LEGEND: " or = raise 1/2 step; Ç or ° = lower 1/2 step; H = Half Step; W = Whole Step %HFDXVHMD]]SOD\HUVFRPSRVHUVHGXFDWRUVDQGDXWKRUVKDYHQ¶WDJUHHGRQDFRPPRQQRPHQFODWXUHIRUZULWLQJFKRUGDQGVFDOH V\PEROVWKHQRYLFHZLOOKDYHWREHFRPHIDPLOLDUZLWKVHYHUDOGLIIHUHQWZD\VRIZULWLQJWKHVDPHVFDOHVRXQG /LVWHGEHORZDUHWKHPRVWFRPPRQV\PEROVLQRUGHURIXVDJHPRVWXVHGWROHDVWXVHG7KHV\PEROWKDWLVEROGIDFHLVWKHRQH ,XVHPRVWRIWHQ1RWLFHWKDWWKURXJKRXWWKLVERRN\RXZLOOVHH&¼DQG&WRGHVLJQDWHDPDMRUFKRUGVFDOHVRXQG,DPGRLQJ WKLVVR\RXFDQEHJLQWRJHWEHWWHUDFTXDLQWHGZLWKYDULRXVQRPHQFODWXUH ¼ 0DMRUVFDOHFKRUGRUPDMRUVHYHQWK &¼ $ DIWHUDOHWWHUPHDQVWRORZHUWKHWKQRWHRIWKHVFDOHPDNLQJLWD'RPLQDQW WKTXDOLW\ & $GDVK Ç ZKHQORFDWHGEHVLGHDOHWWHUPHDQVWRORZHUWKHWKLUGDQGVHYHQWKRIWKHVFDOHVWHSWKXVPDNLQJ LWDPLQRUWRQDOLW\ 'RULDQPLQRU &Ç ØPHDQVKDOIGLPLQLVKHG &Ø &ǼPHDQVDPLQRUVFDOHFKRUGZLWKDPDMRUWK Ç PHDQVKDOIVWHSV DPLQRUUG $ EHVLGHDOHWWHUPHDQVGLPLQLVKHG & GLPLQLVKHGVFDOHFKRUG
°
°
CHORD/SCALE TYPE
* * * *
0$-25 ,RQLDQ ::+:::+ &'()*$%& '20,1$176(9(17+ 0L[RO\GLDQ ::+::+: WK0RGHRI0DMRU &'()*$%° C 0,1256(9(17+ 'RULDQ :+:::+: QG0RGHRI0DMRU &'(°)*$%° C
C C¼&PDM&PD&PD&PDM&0&0&PDM &PDM C7& && CÇ
CÇ&PL&PL&P&PLQ&PLQ&P &P&P
/<',$1 0DMRU6FDOHZLWK :::+::+ WK0RGHRI0DMRU &'()*$%& +$/)',0,1,6+(' /RFULDQ +::+::: WK0RGHRI0DMRU &'°(° F G° A°%° C +$/)',0,1,6+(' /RFULDQ :+:+::: WK0RGHRI0HORGLF0LQRU &'(° F G° A°%° C
CØ&PL ° &Ç°
',0,1,6+(' :+:+:+:+ &'(° F G° A°$%&
C° &GLP&°&GLP&°
/<',$1'20,1$17 'RPWKZLWK :::+:+: WK0RGHRI0HORGLF0LQRU &'()*$%° C
*
ABBREVIATED CHORD/SCALE SYMBOL
C¼"4&PDM"&0"&¼"&¼°&PDM°
CØ2
CØ"&Ø
C7"4&"&°& "&"11
:+2/(721( ::::::: &'()*%E&
" C7"&DXJ&"&"
'20,1$176(9(17+ 8VLQJD'LP6FDOH +:+:+:+: &'°(°()*$%° C
" " C7°9&° "&° "11
',0,1,6+(':+2/(721( $OWHUHG6FDOH +:+:::: WK0RGHRI0HORGLF0LQRU &'°(°() G%° C
" "" ° C7"9&DOW&° "&° "11
/<',$1$8*0(17(' 0DMRUZLWK ::::+:+ UG0RGHRI0HORGLF0LQRU &'() G$%& 0(/2',&0,125 $VFHQGLQJ2QO\ :+::::+ &'(°)*$%&
"5 C¼"4
+$5021,&0,125 :+::+Ç+ &'(° F G A°%&
CǼ
6863(1'('WK :Ç::+: RU ::+::+: &')*$%°&RU&'()*$%° C %/8(66&$/( 8VHDWSOD\HU¶VGLVFUHWLRQ Ç:++Ç: °° &(° F F*%° C
GÇ GÇ&VXV&VXV&& C C 7KHUHLVQRFKRUGV\PEROIRUWKH%OXHV6FDOH 8VHGPRVWO\ZLWKGRPLQDQWDQGPLQRUFKRUGV
C¼"
CǼ&PLQ PDM &PL¼&Ǽ 0HORGLF &P Cmi¼&Ǽ +DU &Ǽ°
* These are the most common chord/scales in Western Music.
,EHOLHYHLQDUHGXFHGFKRUGVFDOHQRWDWLRQWKDWDOORZVRXUFUHDWLYHVLGHRXUQDWXUDOVLGH ULJKWEUDLQIXQFWLRQ WRKDYHGLUHFWLRQ DQGJXLGDQFHZLWKRXWIHHOLQJLQKLELWHGRUOLPLWHG When we speak of “quality” we mean whether it is Major, Minor, Dim., or whatever. ,KDYHWULHGWRVWDQGDUGL]HWKHFKRUGVFDOHV\PEROQRWDWLRQLQP\ERRNV6LQFHVRPHKDYHEHHQRXWPDQ\\HDUVWKHUH DUHLQVWDQFHVZKHUH,PD\KDYHXVHGDGLIIHUHQWFKRUGV\PEROLQRQHERRNWKDQ,XVHGLQWKLVRQH ,IHHOWKHLPSURYLVRUQHHGVDVOLWWOHQRWDWLRQDVSRVVLEOHLQRUGHUWRWUDQVFHQGWKHDFWXDOQRPHQFODWXUHRQWKHSDJH7KHPRUH QXPEHUVOHWWHUVDQGDOWHUDWLRQVWKDWDSSHDURQWKHSDJHWKHOHVVFKDQFHWKH\ZLOOKDYHWRUHPRYHWKHLUWKRXJKWVIURPWKH ZULWWHQSDJHDQGH[SUHVVZKDWLVEHLQJKHDUGLQWKHLUPLQG7KDWLVZK\,SUHIHUC, C7, CÇ, CØ, C7"9, C7°9.5HPHPEHUZHDUH SOD\LQJDPXVLFFDOOHGMD]]DQGLWFRQWDLQVPDQ\DOWHUHGWRQHV2QFHZHOHDUQWKHYDULRXVDOWHUDWLRQVDQGWKHLUFRUUHVSRQGLQJ DEEUHYLDWHGFKRUGV\PEROZK\NHHSZULWLQJDOOWKHDOWHUDWLRQVEHVLGHWKHFKRUGV\PERO"&KHFNRXWFDUHIXOO\WKH6FDOH6\OODEXV /LVWHQWR9ROXPH³7KH6FDOH6\OODEXV´ 5HPHPEHU QG¶VDUHWKHVDPHDV WK¶VWK¶VDUHWKHVDPHDVWK¶VWK¶VDUHWKHVDPHDVWK¶V([DPSOH .H\RI&WKH QG'LVWKHVDPHDVWKH WK'2IWHQDFRPSRVHUZLOOVLPSO\ZULWHWKHLUSUHIHUUHGQDPHRIWKHVFDOHEHVLGHWKHFKRUGV\PERO VXFKDV(°Ç¼ PHORGLFPLQRU )Ç SKU\JLDQ )Ç SKU\
15
THE DOMINANT 7th TREE of SCALE CHOICES 7KHWZRPRVWLPSRUWDQWQRWHVLQDQ\VFDOHDUHWKHUGDQGWK7KH\WHOOWKHOLVWHQHUZKDWWKHTXDOLW\LVDQGLQGLFDWH WKHKDUPRQLFPRWLRQ7KH3rdWHOOVXVLILW¶VPDMRURUPLQRU7KH7thWHOOVZKHWKHUWKHVRXQGLVVWDEOH GRHVQ¶WZDQW WRPRYHWRDQRWKHUFKRUG RULILWZDQWVWRPRYHRQWRDFKRUGRIUHVROXWLRQ'RPLQDQWVW\SLFDOO\ZDQWWRUHVROYHWR DFKRUGXSDSHUIHFWWK &ZDQWVWRUHVROYHWR)))HWF 7KHrootRUWRQLFLVWDNHQIRUJUDQWHG,ILWZDVQ¶W WKHUHZHZRXOGQ¶WEHDEOHWRLGHQWLI\WKHVRXQG $Q\RIWKHVHVFDOHV TXDOLWLHVVRXQGVVRQRULWLHV PD\EHSOD\HGZKHQDGRPLQDQWWKFKRUGVFDOH5(62/9(6WR DFKRUGVFDOHZKRVH5227OLHVDSHUIHFWWK KDOIVWHSV DERYHWKHURRWRIWKHGRPLQDQWWKFKRUG
EXAMPLE: ||&|&| F | F |$E|$E|'E|'E|| (PEHOOLVKWKHPHDVXUHVZLWKWKHVHFKRUGV &DQG$E
The altered tones are in bold type7KRVHWRQHVXVXDOO\UHVROYHE\half-stepWRDVFDOHRUFKRUGWRQH7KLVDPRXQWV to tension then release,W¶VDQDWXUDORFFXUUHQFHLQPXVLF7KHUG¶VDQGWK¶VDUHXQGHUOLQHG SCALES 1. DOM.7th & &'( F G A %E&
7KLV LV WKH EDVLF GRPLQDQW WK VRXQG %H FDUHIXOKRZ\RXWUHDWWKHWKWRQH8VHLWDV DSDVVLQJWRQH
2. BEBOP & &'( F G A %E B&
3OD\ % QDWXUDO DV D SDVVLQJ WRQH ,W VKRXOG DOZD\V DSSHDU RQ DQ XSEHDW never on the GRZQEHDW
3. LYDIAN DOM. & &'( F# G A %E&
7KHZDVLVDIDYRULWHQRWH,WXVHGWREH FDOOHGDE
4. WHOLE-TONE & &'( F# G# %E&
7KLVVFDOHRQO\KDVWRQHV,WLVDV\PPHWULFDO scale used often in cartoon music and by 'H%XVV\DQG5DYHO[Has a #4 and #5]
5. DIMINISHED = &E &Db D# ( F# G A %E&
7KLVVFDOHKDVGLIIHUHQWWRQHV,WLVV\PPHWULFDO DQG LV DOVR XVHG LQ FDUWRRQ PXVLF 0LFKDHO %UHFNHULVDPDVWHURIWKLVVFDOHVRXQG[Has a b9, #9 and #4]
6. DIM. WHOLE-TONE & &Db D# ( F# G# %E&
7KLVVFDOHKDVIRXUDOWHUHGWRQHVZKLFKKHOS FUHDWHWHQVLRQ [Has a b9, #9, #4 and #5]
7. SPANISH or JEWISH SCALE & E &Db ( F G Ab %E& 7KLV VFDOH LV XVHG RIWHQ ZKHQ SOD\LQJ LQ D PLQRUNH\,W¶VWKHVDPHDV)KDUPRQLFPLQRU [Has a b9 and b6] 8. CHROMATIC SCALE & &C#'D# ( F F# G G# A A#%& WKH0XVLFDO$OSKDEHW &Db'Eb ( F Gb G Ab A Bb%& $Q\WLPHWKHUHLVDGRPLQDQWWK\RXPD\ZDQWWRH[SHULPHQWZLWKWKHVHVFDOHV7KHSURSHUXVHRIWKHVHYDULRXV VFDOHVLVSDUWRIZKDWPDNHVMD]]VRDSSHDOLQJ(QGOHVVYDULHW\LQWKHKDQGVRIDPDVWHUPDNHVEHDXWLIXOPXVLF 'RQ¶WEHDIUDLGWRWU\WKHVHVRXQGV,WPD\WDNHVRPHWLPHIRU\RXUHDUVWREHFRPHDFFXVWRPHGWRWKHVRXQGDQG WKH¿QJHULQJV7KHERRNFDOOHGPatterns For Jazz $HEHUVROGSURGXFWFRGH³P-T´IRUWUHEOHFOHILQVWUXPHQWV³P-B´ IRUEDVVFOHI OLVWVMD]]SKUDVHVEDVHGRQPDQ\RIWKHVFDOHVDERYH 16
PREPARATORY EXERCISES - TREBLE CLEF
TEN BASIC EXERCISES TREBLE CLEF
17
³$GXOWVRIWHQKDYHWR¿JKWWKHLUZD\EDFNWRLQWXLWLRQ´*HRUJH%RXFKDUG Author of “Intermediate Jazz Improvisation”
Below are several exercises every musician should memorize and be able to play in all MAJOR, MINOR (Dorian Minor), and DOMINANT 7th keys. These are basic exercises which will help you gain speed and dexterity. Begin by practicing slowly, then gradually increase speed. Strive for smoothness and slur each exercise. Keyboard and string players should play legato. After you get the feel of several, consult the ARTICULATIONS chapter. These exercises are great for warming up each day. You can apply these to ANY scale or chord, regardless of quality. Due to space considerations, I have only listed three qualities.
PREPARATORY EXERCISES - BASS CLEF
TEN BASIC EXERCISES BASS CLEF
18
Jazz is creative. Creation involves change. How much are you willing to change?
Below are several exercises every musician should memorize and be able to play in all MAJOR, MINOR (Dorian Minor), and DOMINANT 7th keys. These are basic exercises which will help you gain speed and dexterity. Begin by practicing slowly, then gradually increase speed. Strive for smoothness and slur each exercise. Keyboard and string players should play legato. After you get the feel of several, consult the ARTICULATIONS chapter. These exercises are great for warming up each day. You can apply these to ANY scale or chord, regardless of quality. Due to space considerations, I have only listed three qualities.
TREBLE CLEF
TREBLE CLEF SCALES
Your voice has been with you much longer than your instrument. Use it to sing with; then transfer the music to your instrument. 19
BASS CLEF
BASS CLEF SCALES
It doesn’t hurt to think or to use your mind. Of course, your ego will tell you otherwise. 20
EAR TRAINING :KHQDSHUVRQWULHVWRGHYHORSKLVFDSDFLW\WREHWWHUKHDUWKHVRXQGVJRLQJRQDURXQGKLPKH,VIDFHGZLWKVHYHUDO SUREOHPVZKLFKDUHQ¶WQHFHVVDULO\SUHVHQWZKHQUHDGLQJPXVLFRUFKRUGV\PEROVIURPWKHZULWWHQSDJH +DYLQJ³JRRGHDUV´PHDQVKDYLQJWKHDELOLW\WRKHDUWKHURRWVWRWKHYDULRXVFKRUGVRUVFDOHVWKDWDUHEHLQJSOD\HG KDYLQJWKHDELOLW\WRKHDUWKHTXDOLW\RIWKHFKRUGRUVFDOHPDMRUPLQRU ZKDWNLQGRIPLQRU" SHQWDWRQLFGLPZKROH WRQHHWF LWPHDQVKDYLQJWKHDELOLW\WRWHOOZKDWWRQHRIWKHVFDOHRUFKRUGLVEHLQJSOD\HGDWDQ\SRLQWLQWKHVROR ³DKWKDWQRWHZDVWKHUHVROYLQJWRWKHWKUHVROYLQJWRWKHWK´ LWPHDQVKHDULQJWKHSLDQREDVVVRORLVWGUXPV HWFLQGLYLGXDOO\DVZHOODVFROOHFWLYHO\ ,KDYHIRXQGWKDWWKHUHDUHPDQ\OHYHOVRIKHDULQJ6RPHSHRSOHKHDU6RPHSHRSOHFDQUHDOO\KHDU$QGVRPHSHRSOH FDQVHHPWRKHDUDQG,GHQWLI\DOPRVWDQ\WKLQJWKDWLVEHLQJSOD\HG7KH\FDQVHHPWRVLQJRUSOD\EDFNSRUWLRQVRI VRORVULJKWDIWHUWKHSHUIRUPHUKDVSOD\HG+RZFDQWKH\+($5DQGZHFDQ¶WVHHPWR¿QGWKHURRWVVFDOHTXDOLWLHV RUZKDWWLPHVLJQDWXUHWKHSLHFHLVLQ" ,¶P¿UPO\FRQYLQFHGWKDWLIDOOVWXGHQWVIURPWKH¿UVWJUDGH HYHQNLQGHUJDUWHQ WKURXJKWKHLUODVW\HDULQFROOHJHZHUH H[SRVHGWRVLPSOHHDUWUDLQLQJH[HUFLVHVWKDWDOORZHGWKHPWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRLGHQWLI\ZKDWWKH\ZHUHKHDULQJRQWKH UDGLR79UHFRUGVMD]]RSHUDRUFKHVWUDFKRUXVEDQGHWFRXUPXVLFVFHQHLQJHQHUDOZRXOGEHPXFKGLIIHUHQW,QP\ RSLQLRQLIVLPSOHHDUWUDLQLQJH[HUFLVHVFRXSOHGZLWKVLPSOHPXVLFWKHRU\ZHUHFDUULHGRXWLQSXEOLFVFKRROWKHSXEOLF ZRXOGGHPDQGPXVLFRIDPXFKKLJKHUFDOLEUHWKDQWKH\DUHSUHVHQWO\FRQVXPLQJ:K\ZRXOGWKH\GHPDQG³EHWWHU´ PXVLF"%HFDXVHWKH\ZRXOG+($5WKDWWKHPXVLFWKH\DUHEHLQJIHGLVWRRUHSHWLWLRXVWULWHDQGEDQDOWRZDUUDQWRXU DWWHQWLRQPXFKOHVVRXUPRQH\RQWKHVDOHVRIUHFRUGVRUFRQFHUWDWWHQGDQFH 2QHRIWKHUHDVRQVMD]]PXVLFHVSHFLDOO\WKHPXVLFIURP%HERSWRWKHSUHVHQWKDVQHYHUKDGDELJDXGLHQFHLVGXH WRWKHDPRXQWRIWKLQNLQJUHTXLUHGWRDFWXDOO\JHWWRWKHHVVHQFHRIWKHPXVLF7KHDYHUDJHSHUVRQWRGD\GRHVQ¶WZDQW WRWKLQNDERXWPXVLFKHMXVWZDQWVWRHQMR\LW$QGKHXVXDOO\ZLOOVHWWOHIRUWKHVDPHWKLQJGD\DIWHUGD\+HIHHOVOLIH LVWRRGLI¿FXOWWRKDYHWRWKLQNDERXWWKHPXVLFKHLVOLVWHQLQJWR+HQFHWKHJDSEHWZHHQWKHSHUIRUPHUDQGWKHOLVWHQHU LQWKHZRUOGWRGD\,GRQRWPHDQWRLPSO\WKDWOLVWHQLQJWRPXVLFLQWHOOHFWXDOO\LVQRWHQMR\DEOH 7KLVZRXOGEHDQH[FHOOHQWWLPHWRUHDG-HUU\&RNHU¶V/LVWHQLQJWR-D]]SXEOLVKHGE\3UHQWLFH+DOO7KLVLVDJUHDW ERRNRQKRZWROLVWHQWRMD]]DQGLVDFFHVVLEOHWRWKHOD\PDQ )RUHDUWUDLQLQJSXUSRVHV9ROXPH³*HWWLQ¶,W7RJHWKHU´ &'V%N RIWKH$HEHUVROG3OD\DORQJVHULHVZLOOJLYH\RX PXFKWRZRUNZLWK ,VXJJHVWEHJLQQLQJE\VLPSO\SXWWLQJWKH¿UVWWUDFNRQDQGVLQJWKHURRWV$IWHUVLQJLQJWKHURRWVVLQJWKH¿UVW¿YHQRWHV RIWKHVFDOH7KHQWU\VLQJLQJWKHWULDGDQGRIWKHVFDOHV%\WKLVWLPH\RXFDQSUREDEO\VLQJWKHHQWLUHVFDOH 'RQ¶WIRUJHWWRVLQJWKHWKFKRUGDQGWKH WKFKRUGMXVWOLNH\RXDUHGRLQJZLWK\RXULQVWUXPHQW$OVRGRQ¶WIRUJHWWR LVRODWHLQGLYLGXDOSLWFKHVDQGVLQJWKHPVXFKDVWKHWKRUWKH WKRUWKHUGHWF 7U\VWDUWLQJLQWKHPLGGOHRIDQ\RIWKHWUDFNV EHJLQZLWKPDMRU DQGVHHKRZORQJLWWDNHV\RXWR¿QGWKHURRW
21
!"#$%&'()*+'%# /ŚĂǀĞĨŽƵŶĚŝƚŚĞůƉĨƵůƚŽŵĞŵŽƌŝnjĞĂƐŽŶŐƟƚůĞƚŚĂƚďĞŐŝŶƐǁŝƚŚĂĐĞƌƚĂŝŶŝŶƚĞƌǀĂů͘&ŽƌŝŶƐƚĂŶĐĞ͕ƚŚĞŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůŽĨĂƉĞƌĨĞĐƚϰƚŚŝƐƚŚĞĮƌƐƚƚǁŽŶŽƚĞƐŽĨ !"#"$%&'"($)*"$+#,-"͘LJƐŝŶŐŝŶŐƚŚĞĮƌƐƚƚǁŽŶŽƚĞƐŽĨ!"#"$%&'"($)*"$+#,-"ĂŶĚƌĞĂůŝnjŝŶŐŝƚŽƵƚůŝŶĞƐĂƉĞƌĨĞĐƚϰƚŚŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůLJŽƵĐĂŶďĞŐŝŶƚŽĐĞŶƚĞƌŝŶ ŽŶƉĞƌĨĞĐƚϰƚŚΖƐǁŚĞŶĞǀĞƌƚŚĞLJĂƌĞƐŽƵŶĚĞĚ͘Kƌ͕ŝƚŵĂLJŚĞůƉLJŽƵƚŽĂĐƚƵĂůůLJƐŝŶŐ͕ŽƌƉůĂLJŽŶLJŽƵƌŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚ͕ŝŶƚƵŶĞ͕ƚŚĞŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůŽĨĂƉĞƌĨĞĐƚϰƚŚ͘
ĂĐŚŽĨƚŚĞƐĞƐŽŶŐƐďĞŐŝŶƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůůŝƐƚĞĚdKd, > &d͘
/ůŝŬĞƚŽƵƐĞƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐƚĂďůĞĂƐĂŐƵŝĚĞƚŽŝĚĞŶƟĨLJ ĐŽƌƌĞĐƚůLJǁŚĂƚĞǀĞƌŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůŝƐďĞŝŶŐƉůĂLJĞĚ͗
',*$"-!".)!"#$%&'(,
-$,*$"-!".)!"#$%&'(,
/0
ͻE/ tKZ</&zKhE' d/d ͻ^E&ZE/^K;> &dDz, ZdͿ ͻ/Z D D ZzKh ͻ/ΖD' dd/E'^ Ed/D Ed>Ks ZzKh
ͻz z ></Z ͻt,dΖ^E t ͻ:t^
ͻD:KZ^> ; ^ E/E'Ϳ ͻK>/dd> dKtEK& d,> , D ͻ:KzdKd, tKZ> ͻd, d, D ;D͘s/^Ϳ ͻ^KW,/^d/d >z
ͻ^d >>z^dZ>/',d ͻd, >z/^dZDW ͻ^K>Z;D͘s/^Ϳ
10
ͻD:KZ^> ;^ E/E'Ϳ ͻ,WWz/Zd,z ͻZhK>&͕Z EK^ ͘͘͘ ͻ^/> EdE/',d ͻd, Z t/>>E s Z EKd, ZzKh
ͻd EE ^^ t>d ͻDz&hEEzs> Ed/E ͻKzE^Kh>
ͻDZz,>/dd> >D ͻ <d, ,>>^ ͻtz/EDE' Z ͻz ^d Zz;d, d> ^Ϳ ͻKEd, ^hEEz^/ K&d, ^dZ d ͻ&Z / &Z >K Z
ͻD͘͘^͘,͘ ͻ>h DKKE ͻ^d/EK>> ͻdhE hW ͻDz'/Z> ͻd, &/Z^dEK >
/2
ͻtKZ<^KE' ͻD/EKZ,KZ ͻKE&/ZDd/KE ͻ&K''zz
ͻ' KZ'/KEDzD/E ͻDKKEdZE ͻd, /DWK^^/> Z D ͻ^KD t, Z Dz>Ks
ͻ&ZK^dzd, ^EKtDE ͻt,d/^d,/^d,/E'>> >Ks ͻϱϬϬD/> ^,/',;͘KZ Ϳ ͻd, ^dZ^WE'> EE Z
ͻ, z:h ͻW d Z'hEE ͻD/^dz ͻ^ ^D ^dZ d
12
ͻD:KZdZ/ ͻK,t, Ed, ^/Ed^ ͻ/EΖd' d^dZd
ͻ^hDD Zd/D ͻKD Z/EKZKD ^,/E ͻ^t/E'>Kt͕^t d,Z/Kd
ͻ ^^/ Ζ^>h ^ ͻ'/Ed^d W^
34
ͻ, Z KD ^d, Z/ ͻ,Z<d, , Z>E' >^ ͻK,,Z/^dD^dZ ͻΖZKhED/E/',d ͻD/ EsKz' ͻt t/^,zKhD ZZz,Z/^dD^ ͻKZE/d,K>K'z
54)67 89 39 59)67 8:
ͻK,KD ͕>>z &/d,&h> ͻs>^ ,Kd;EKd/EdZK͊Ϳ ͻzZ/Z^h/d ͻ^K&d>z͕^/EDKZE/E'^hEZ/^ ͻ//EΖd
ͻDZ/;t ^d^/ ^dKZzͿ
ͻdt/E<> dt/E<> >/dd> ^dZ ͻd, D &ZKDϮϬϬϭ ͻt,/^W ZEKd; EEz'K>^KEͿ
ͻ>h ^ s E;^KEEzZK>>/E^Ϳ
ͻ'^'ZKKs
ͻ& >/E'^ ͻϳ^d W^dK, s E;D͘s/^Ϳ ͻ,s zKhD dD/^^:KE ^͍
ͻ/dD hWKED/E/',d> Z ͻz^K&t/E EZK^ ^ ͻd< d, ΗΗdZ/E
8;
ͻ^KD t, Z ;t ^d^/ ^dKZzͿ ͻd, D ĨƌŽŵ^dZdZ < ͻ/Ζ>>>K^ Dz z ^
1;
ͻ^dzKhZ&d dKd, t/E ͻd, D &ZKD&Ed^z/^>E
ͻ,Z/^dD^^KE';, ^dEhd^͘͘͘Ϳ ͻ^KD t, Z Ks Zd, Z/EKt ?6@A>=BC ͻDĐKE>Ζ^KDD Z/>
ͻd, &>/Ed^dKE ^
ͻϭ^ddKϯZdKE K&D/^dz ͻ>Ks ^dKZz ͻzKhΖZ s Zzd,/E';͘KZ Ϳ ͻW> ^ KEΖdd><KhdD t, E/ΖD'KE
ͻDKZE/E'K&d, ZE/s>
1:
<=>
ͻ^KE'&KZDz&d, Z ͻ>Ks D d E Z ͻh>>E'^zE ͻKyz ͻ>>d, d,/E'^
ͻE ͻ/E,tKZD ͻ^W <>Kt
ͻzKhΖZ t s ZK&Z D^ ͻEKKz /Ζs ^ E ͻtd ZD >KEDE;,͘,EK<Ϳ ͻ>/dd> Z Ζ^&Ed^z;tKKz^,tͿ ͻϭ^ddKϯZdKE K&,KE z^h<> ZK^
ͻ KZ
ͻ/>Ks zKh
ͻ> d/d^EKt ͻ >^^^ Z ͻ>h K^^
ͻ/>Ks zKh;d, Kd, ZKE ͊Ϳ ;d, Z Z dtK/&& Z Ed^KE'^d/d> ͞/>Ks zKh͟Ϳ ͻt/>>Ktt W&KZD
/ĂŵůŝƐƟŶŐŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůƐƚŚĂƚĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚĂƌĚƐŽƌŬŝĚĚŝĞƚƵŶĞƐŽĨƚŚĞƉĂƐƚϳϬLJĞĂƌƐ͘/ĨLJŽƵĂƌĞŶŽƚĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƐĞƐŽŶŐƐ͕ƚŚĞLJƉƌŽďĂďůLJ ǁŽŶΖƚŚĞůƉLJŽƵŝŶŝĚĞŶƟĨLJŝŶŐŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůƐ͘/ŶƚŚĂƚĐĂƐĞ͕/ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚLJŽƵǁƌŝƚĞĚŽǁŶƐŽŶŐƟƚůĞƐƚŚĂƚLJŽƵĂƌĞĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌǁŝƚŚ͕ƐƵĐŚĂƐĐƵƌƌĞŶƚĐŽŵŵĞƌĐŝĂůƐŽŶ dsŽƌƌĂĚŝŽ͕ƉŽƉƐŽŶŐƐ͕ƌĞůŝŐŝŽƵƐƐŽŶŐƐ͕ŽƌĂŶLJƚŚŝŶŐƚŚĂƚďĞŐŝŶƐǁŝƚŚĂŶŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůLJŽƵŶĞĞĚƚŽǁŽƌŬŽŶ͘/ƚŝƐƵƐƵĂůůLJŚĂƌĚĞƌƚŽĮŶĚƐŽŶŐƐƚŚĂƚďĞŐŝŶǁŝƚŚ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚŝŶŐŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůƐ͘
22
23
24
HOW TO PRACTICE IMPROVISATION by JERRY COKER
*LYHQEHORZLVDQH[DPSOHRIDVFKHGXOHWKDWPD\KHOS\RXWRRUJDQL]H\RXUSUDFWLFHWLPH7KLVVFKHGXOHLVEDVHGRQ DVHYHQW\¿YHPLQXWHSHULRG KUPLQ EXWLWFRXOGEHFKDQJHGSURSRUWLRQDWHO\WR¿WDVKRUWHURUORQJHUSHULRGRU PRGL¿HGWRDOORZWLPHWRWDNHXSLQVWUXPHQWDOVWXGLHV ORQJWRQHVGH[WHULW\H[HUFLVHVIRUWKH¿QJHUVUDQJHVWXGLHV UHDGLQJHWF A DAILY PRACTICE SCHEDULE: 7RSLF6HTXHQFH0LQXWHV6SHQW $6/2:0(/2'< WXQH 6&$/(6$1'3$77(516 3$77(51$33/,&$7,21 ,03529,6$7,21(;(5&,6( 75$16&5,%('62/2 63(&,$/',6&,3/,1(6 /($51$781( 727$/ $QHZVHWRIPHORGLHVSDWWHUQVH[HUFLVHVWUDQVFULEHGVRORVGLVFLSOLQHVDQGWXQHVVKRXOGEHWDNHQXSHDFKZHHN 6XFKDWXUQRYHULQPDWHULDOVZLOOKHOSLQVXUHDVWHDG\UDWHRISURJUHVV,WHPVWKURXJKVKRXOGEHSOD\HGZLWKUHFRUGHG DFFRPSDQLPHQW³63(&,$/',6&,3/,1(6´UHIHUVWRVWXGLHVDLPHGDWUHVROYLQJZHDNQHVVLQDUHDVVXFKDVSOD\LQJIDVW WHPSRVWLPHIHHOLQJXVHRIDOOUK\WKPLFOHYHOVEXLOGLQJLQWHQVLW\RUFXOWLYDWLQJDPHORGLFVHQVH7KHOHDUQLQJRIDWXQH VKRXOGHQFRPSDVVPHORG\FKRUGSURJUHVVLRQDSSURSULDWHLQJUHGLHQWVDQGIDPLOLDUL]DWLRQZLWKWKHPRVWVLJQL¿FDQW UHFRUGLQJVRIWKHWXQH WKHOLVWHQLQJLVGRQHDWDQRWKHUWLPHKRZHYHU %HVXUHWRFKHFNRXWWKHVHERRNVE\-HUU\&RNHU ,03529,6,1*-$== 2UGHU&RGH ,- /,67(1,1*72-$== 2UGHU&RGH /- 3$77(516)25-$== 2UGHU&RGH 37 7UHEOH RU3% %DVV 7+(&203/(7(0(7+2')25,03529,6$7,21 2UGHU&RGH & +2:7235$&7,&(-$== 2UGHU&RGH 3- &/($562/87,216)257+(-$==,03529,6(5 2UGHU&RGH &6, 7+(7($&+,1*2)-$== 2UGHU&RGH 7- .(<681/2&.(' 2UGHU&RGH .8 $OORIWKHVHERRNVDUHDYDLODEOHIURP-DPH\$HEHUVROG-D]]YLVLWRXUZHEVLWHDWwww.jazzbooks.com
HOW TO PRACTICE by DAVID LIEBMAN
2QHPDMRUSRLQWWRUHPHPEHUFRQFHUQVWKHDYRLGDQFHRIDWWHPSWLQJWRDFFRPSOLVKWRRPDQ\JRDOVZKLOHSUDFWLFLQJ 7KHPLQGFDQQRWHDVLO\GLJHVWPRUHWKDQRQHRUWZRPDMRUSRLQWVDWWKHVDPHWLPHDQGVWLOOEHHIIHFWLYH$OZD\VEH YHU\FOHDUDVWRZKDW\RXDUHSUDFWLFLQJDSDUWLFXODUH[HUFLVHIRU([DPSOH /RQJWRQHVRQVD[RSKRQHDUHIRUEUHDWKLQJ DQGHYHQQHVVRIVRXQG²QRLQÀHFWLRQVYLEUDWRHWF6FDOHVDUHIRUVSHHGDQG¿QJHULQJGLI¿FXOWLHVHWF %HVXUHWRFKHFNRXWWKHVHPDWHULDOVE\'DYLG/LHEPDQ 9ROXPH ³'DYLG/LHEPDQ´ 2UGHU&RGH 9 '6 9ROXPH³7KH6FDOH6\OODEXV´ 2UGHU&RGH 9'6 9ROXPH³&RQWHPSRUDU\6WDQGDUGVDQG2ULJLQDOVZLWKWKH'DYLG/LHEPDQ*URXS´ 2UGHU&RGH 9'6 &KURPDWLFLVP1RQ'LDWRQLF6FDOHV 2UGHU&RGH &+520' +RZ7R$SSURDFK6WDQGDUGV&KURPDWLFDOO\ 2UGHU&RGH $6& 'DYLG/LHEPDQ7HDFKHV 3OD\VDWWKH6XPPHU-D]]:RUNVKRSV '9' 2UGHU&RGH '/7 7HQ&RPSRVLWLRQV,Q$&KURPDWLF6W\OH 2UGHU&RGH 7&& &RQYHUVDWLRQV:LWK/LHE &' 2UGHU&RGH &:/ $OORIWKHVHERRNVDUHDYDLODEOHIURP-DPH\$HEHUVROG-D]]YLVLWRXUZHEVLWHDWwww.jazzbooks.com 9LVLW'DYLG/LHEPDQRQOLQHDW www.davidliebman.com
25
THINGS THAT CREATE INTEREST WHEN SOLOING 5(3(7,7,21 6(48(1&( '<1$0,&6/RXG 6RIW 5$1*(7(66,785$+LJK/RZ0LGGOHUHJLVWHU $&&(176 +(/'127(6 5(676,/(1&( 5+<7+0,&9$5,$7,21 9$5,(7<%XWQRWWRRPXFK
%/8(66&$/(86$*( 7(16,21 5(/($6( 027,)6 .12::+(5(&+25'721(6$5( 7RQHVDQG :,1'3/$<(566833257<2856281'721( &+25'256&$/(3$66$*(6 75,//6*/,66$1'266:22369,%5$7267$&&$72HWF (03+$6,=(35(77<127(6 WKV WKVDQGWKV $/:$<675<72%8,/'<28562/20$.(,7*2620(:+(5(
NOTE:'RQ¶WWU\WRSOD\HYHU\WKLQJ\RXNQRZLQRQHVROR7DNH\RXUWLPHDQGSODQDKHDG7U\WRYLVXDO L]H\RXUVRORZLWKXSVDQGGRZQVIDVWVHFWLRQVDQGVORZVHFWLRQVORXGDQGVRIWSDVVDJHVWHQVLRQDQG UHOHDVHVHFWLRQV$LPDWRYHUDOO7HQVLRQ5HOHDVHWR\RXUVROR8WLOL]HUHSHWLWLRQDQGVHTXHQFH/LVWHQWR MD]]PDVWHUVRQUHFRUGLQJVWRJHWLGHDVDQGWRZHW\RXULPDJLQDWLRQ0XVLFLVIRUHDUV
STARTING A PHRASE OR MELODY $WZKDWSDUWRI\RXULQVWUXPHQWZLOO\RXEHJLQ\RXULGHD"0LGGOHUHJLVWHUKLJKORZ" +RZGR\RXZDQWWREHJLQ"6ORZO\ZLWKKHOGQRWHVDQGXVHRIVSDFHUHVW"4XLFNO\ZLWK ORWVRIDWWHQWLRQPRWLRQYLVLELOLW\"0RGHUDWHO\VRDVWRVXJJHVWDVHDUFKLQJPRRG" :KDWQRWHRIVFDOHRUFKRUGGR\RXZDQWWREHJLQZLWK" 2QFH\RXEHJLQGR\RXZDQWWRDVFHQGGHVFHQGRUVWD\LQRQHDUHDUHJLVWHU" 'R\RXZDQWWRXVHSLFNXSVRQHRUPRUH",IVRPDNHVXUHWKH\OHDGWRWKH¿UVW VWURQJEHDW 2QFH\RX¶YHEHJXQ\RXUSKUDVHKRZORQJDUH\RXSUHSDUHGWRPDLQWDLQ\RXUFRQWLQX LW\WKRXJKWVLGHDV"2QHPHDVXUHWZRIRXUHLJKW"+DYH\RXWKRXJKWRILW" :KDW UK\WKP DUH \RX JRLQJ WR LQLWLDOO\ SOD\" 'RHV \RXU PLQG DOUHDG\ ³+($5´ WKH QRWHVSLWFKHVLQUK\WKP"&DQ\RXDFWXDOO\SOD\WKHP"5HPHPEHU\RXU¿UVWSKUDVH UHSUHVHQWVWKH¿UVWVHYHUDOZRUGVRULGHDRIDVHQWHQFH7KLQNEHIRUH\RXEHJLQ &KRUGWRQHV DUHJRRGQRWHVWREHJLQDSKUDVHVZLWK.QRZZKHUHWKH\ DUHRQ\RXULQVWUXPHQW ,V\RXULQLWLDOLGHDFRPLQJIURP\RXUPLQGRULVLWVRPHWKLQJWKDW\RXU¿QJHUVKDYH SLFNHGRXW" :LQGSOD\HUVEHVXUH\RX¶YHWDNHQDJRRGEUHDWK%()25(\RXVWDUWHDFKSKUDVH
26
ARTICULATIONS: How To Better Express Yourself 2QHRIWKHVSHFLDOIHDWXUHVRIMD]]PXVLFLVWKHDUWLFXODWLRQWKDWWKHYDULRXVSOD\HUVXVHLQH[SUHVVLQJWKHPVHOYHV WKURXJKWKHLUPXVLF6RPHSOD\HUVHQMR\XVLQJWKHVWDQGDUGVZLQJVW\OHDUWLFXODWLRQYHU\FRPPRQWRWKH6ZLQJ DQG%HERSHUDVRWKHUVXVHOLWWOHDUWLFXODWLRQUHO\LQJRQOHJDWRRUVOXUUHGSKUDVHVVRPHXVHVWDFFDWRLQWKHLU SOD\LQJWRDGGLQWHUHVWRUHPSKDVL]HFHUWDLQQRWHVRUSKUDVHV 0RVWDOOSOD\HUVHYHQWXDOO\DUULYHDWDVW\OHRIDUWLFXODWLRQWKDWLVVXLWDEOHIRUH[SUHVVLQJWKHPVHOYHV
27
28
29
THE BLUES SCALE AND ITS USE The blues scale consists of the following: Root, b3rd, 4th, #4th, 5th and b7th. EXAMPLE: F blues Scale = F, Ab, Bb, B, C, Eb, F :KHQSOD\LQJDWZHOYHEDUEOXHVLQWKHNH\RI%EXVHWKH%EEOXHVVFDOH %E'E(E()$E%E 7KHEOXHVVFDOHFDQDOVREHXVHGRYHUPLQRUFKRUGVZKHQWKHPLQRUFKRUGLVVRXQGHGIRURUPHD VXUHVRUORQJHU(;$03/( ,I'PLQRULVVRXQGHGIRUHLJKWPHDVXUHV\RXPD\XVHWKH'EOXHVVFDOH ')* $E$&' :KHQSOD\LQJLQPLQRUWRQDOLWLHV\RXPD\FKRRVHWRDOWHUQDWHEHWZHHQWKHGRULDQPLQRUDQGWKHEOXHVVFDOH ERWKKDYLQJWKHVDPHURRWWRQH(;$03/( ,I'PLQRULVVRXQGHGIRUHLJKWPHDVXUHVSOD\'PLQRU GRULDQ RU SOD\'EOXHVVFDOHRUDOWHUQDWHEHWZHHQWKHWZRVFDOHVRXQGV 7KHEOXHVVFDOHLVXVHGWRFRQYH\D³)XQN\´³'RZQ+RPH´³(DUWK\´RU³%OXHV\´VRXQGIHHO5K\WKPDQGEOXHV SOD\HUVXVHWKLVVFDOHH[WHQVLYHO\'RQ¶WUXQLWLQWRWKHJURXQGE\RYHUXVH([SHULPHQWZLWKWKHEOXHVVFDOHV OLVWHGEHORZDQGDSSO\WKHPWRUHFRUGHGWUDFNVRQ\RXUSOD\DORQJUHFRUGLQJV $IWHU\RXEHFRPHIDPLOLDUZLWKWKHEOXHVVFDOHDV,KDYHLWOLVWHG\RXPD\ZDQWWRDGGWRQHVWRWKHVFDOHZKLFK JLYHWKHVFDOHVRXQGPRUHYDULHW\$GGHGWRQHVDUHXQGHUOLQHG(;$03/( )EOXHVVFDOH )G$EA%E% &D(E) 7KLVVFDOHVRXQGVVWUDQJHZKHQSOD\HGVWUDLJKWXSRUGRZQ-D]]SOD\HUVXVXDOO\SOD\ELWVDQGSLHFHVRIWKH VFDOHRUPDNHXSOLFNVXWLOL]LQJFHUWDLQQRWHVRIWKHVFDOH
30
Blues Progressions from Volume 21 “Gettin’ It Together” of the Aebersold Play-a-long Series
31
Blues Progressions from Volume 21 “Gettin’ It Together” of the Aebersold Play-a-long Series
32
IMPROVISATION: PLAYING THE BLUES 7KH%OXHVLVDPXVLFDOIRUPWKDWMD]]PXVLFLDQVKDYHDOZD\VHPEUDFHGEHFDXVHLWDOORZVWKHPWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRH[SUHVV HPRWLRQDQGHYHU\GD\IHHOLQJDQGLQWHOOHFWXDOFRQFHSWVZKLFKDUHRIWHQOHDUQHGE\VWXG\LQJDQRWKHUSOD\HU¶VVW\OHDQGFRQ FHSWLRQ0RVWEHJLQQLQJLPSURYLVHUVXVHWKH%OXHVDVDVSULQJERDUGWRRWKHUMD]]IRUPV0DQ\EDQGGLUHFWRUVDQGSULYDWH WHDFKHUVIHHOWKHUHLVQRWWRRPXFKWRSOD\LQJDGHFHQWEOXHVVROR7KH\IHHOWKDW\RXOHDUQWKHEOXHVVFDOHVRIWKHNH\WKH EOXHVLVLQDQGMXVWVRUWD¶LPSURYLVHZKDW\RXIHHORYHUWKDWVFDOHVRXQG7KH\SUREDEO\WKLQNWKLVLVZKDWWKH\DUHKHDULQJ ZKHQWKH\OLVWHQWRMD]]SOD\HUVRQUDGLRRUUHFRUGV,DGPLWWKH\GRKHDUVRPHRIWKDWEXWLI\RXFKHFNRXWWKHPDMRUMD]] LQÀXHQFHV\RXZLOOEHJLQWRKHDUPXFKPRUHWKDQMXVWWKHEOXHVVFDOH ,QWKLVDUWLFOH,ZRXOGOLNHWRSRLQWRXWWKLQJVWRZDWFKIRULQWKHEOXHVWKDWZLOOPDNH\RXUSOD\LQJPRUHUHZDUGLQJFRQYLQF LQJDQGPXVLFDO:HVKRXOGEHJLQE\DVNLQJ\RXWRVLQJ ZLWK\RXUYRLFH VHYHUDOFKRUXVHVRIEOXHVDORQJZLWKDUHFRUG$ SOD\DORQJUHFRUGHGYHUVLRQRIEOXHVZRXOGEHH[FHOOHQWEHFDXVH\RXGRQ¶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ÀHFWLRQVDUWLFXODWLRQG\QDPLFVHWF,I\RXDUHXVHGWROLVWHQLQJWRMD]]PXVLF\RXUYRFDOVRORZLOOSUREDEO\EH IDLUO\UHFRJQL]DEOHWRRQHZKROLVWHQVWRWKLVNLQGRIPXVLFHYHQWKRXJK\RXUYRLFHPD\FUDFNDQGVSXWWHUDWWLPHV3UDFWLFH VLQJLQJZKHQ\RXDUHGULYLQJE\\RXUVHOIRUZDONLQJWRVFKRRORUWRWKHRI¿FH3UDFWLFHVLQJLQJZLWKLQ\RXUPLQGZKLOHO\LQJLQ EHGRUZDLWLQJIRUDEXV3XW\RXUPLQGWRXVHDQGLWZLOOLQVWDQWO\VWDUWSD\LQJ\RXGLYLGHQGVLQWKDW\RXZLOOEHDEOHWRUHFRJ QL]HSKUDVHVRWKHUVSOD\DQGWKLVZLOOHQDEOH\RXWRSXWWKRVHLGHDVLQPRWLRQRQ\RXUFKRVHQLQVWUXPHQW,KDYHKHDUGPDQ\ ¿QHMD]]PXVLFLDQVVD\WKH\KDYHGRQHPXFKSUDFWLFLQJDZD\IURPWKHLULQVWUXPHQW7KH\PHQWDOO\SUDFWLFHDQGZKHQWKH\ ¿QDOO\SXWWKHLULQVWUXPHQWLQWKHLUKDQGVLWLVDVWKRXJKWKH\KDYHDOUHDG\SOD\HGWKHPXVLFDOLGHD,QFORVLQJWKLVSDUDJUDSK RQVLQJLQJ,ZRXOGOLNHWRSRLQWRXWWKDWPDQ\PXVLFLDQVUHIHUWRDSDUWLFXODUO\EHDXWLIXOPXVLFDOSKUDVHRUVRORDVVLQJLQJ HYHQWKRXJKWKHPXVLFLDQLVSOD\LQJDQLQVWUXPHQW)RUH[DPSOH³&ROWUDQHZDVUHDOO\VLQJLQJ´ 7KHEOXHVFDQKDYHPDQ\GLIIHUHQWFKRUGSURJUHVVLRQV)RULQVWDQFHURFNJRVSHOVRXOFRXQWU\DQGRWKHUVLPSOHUIRUPVRI EOXHVPXVLFGRQ¶WXVHWKHVDPHFKRUGVDVVD\D:D\QH6KRUWHUEOXHVDOWKRXJKWKH\FDQLIWKH\ZDQWWR8VXDOO\ZKHQ\RX VWDUWEHH¿QJXSWKHFKRUGV KDUPRQ\ RQHIHHOVWKHVRQJEHFRPLQJPRUHDQGPRUHMD]]LQÀXHQFHG:KHQ\RXVWDUWFKDQJ LQJWKHFKRUGVWRDJRVSHOWXQHLWMXVWZRQ¶WVRXQGWKHVDPHDQGWKHSHRSOHZKROLVWHQWRWKDWW\SHRIPXVLFZLOOSUREDEO\ QRWEHVDWLV¿HGEHFDXVHWKHPXVLFLVQRORQJHUZKDWLWXVHGWREH6LQFHMD]]LVDQHYROXWLRQDU\DUWIRUPWKHYDULRXVFKRUG PRGL¿FDWLRQVDQGDOWHUDWLRQVDUHZHOFRPHGDQGKDYHEHFRPHDSDUWRIWKHHQHUJ\WKDWKDVNHSWLWDOLYH 7KHEDVLFEDUEOXHVRULJLQDOO\XVHGZKDWZHFDOOWKUHHFKRUGV7KH\DUH DGRPLQDQWWKEXLOWRQWKHURRWDGRPLQDQWWK EXLOWRQWKHIRXUWKDQGDGRPLQDQWWKEXLOWRQWKH¿IWKRIWKHNH\\RXDUHLQ([DPSOH DEOXHVLQWKHNH\RI)XVHVWKHVH WKUHHFKRUGV)%EDQG&7KHRUGHURIRFFXUUHQFHLVLQDWZHOYHEDUVHTXHQFHDQGFDQORRNOLNHWKLV __)_)_)_)_%E_%E_)_)_&_%E_)_&__ 7KHUHDUHYDULDWLRQVDGLQ¿QLWXPWRWKHFKRUGSURJUHVVLRQVZKLFKFDQEHXVHGRYHUDEOXHV$IHZRIWKHPRUHSRSXODUDUH DVIROORZV NH\RI) 127( :KHQWZRFKRUGV\PEROVDSSHDULQWKHVDPHPHDVXUHHDFKFKRUGJHWVWZREHDWV $ __) % __) & __)
_%E _%E _%E
_) _) _)
_&PL)_%E _%E _&PL)_%E _%2 _&PL)_%E _%2
_) _) _)
_' _*P _& _) _*PL& __ _$PL' _*P _& _$PL' _*PL& __ _$PL' _*P&_'EPL*E_)' _*& __
2QHWKDW&KDUOLH3DUNHUXVHGRQ³%OXHVIRU$OLFH´XVHVGHVFHQGLQJURRWPRYHPHQWFRXSOHGZLWKDF\FOHRIIRXUWKV XSZDUG 7KLVLVVRPHWLPHVFDOOHG%LUG%OXHV __)_(PL$_'PL*_&PL)_%E_%EPL_$PL_$EPL_*PL_&_$PL'_*PL&__ (QRXJKIRUWKHYDULRXVFKRUGSURJUHVVLRQVWKDWFDQEHXVHG,I\RXQHHGPRUHLQIRFKHFNRXW'DQ+DHUOH¶VERRN-D]]5RFN 9RLFLQJVIRUWKH&RQWHPSRUDU\.H\ERDUG3OD\HU DYDLODEOHIURP$HEHUVROG-D]] +HOLVWVGLIIHUHQWSURJUHVVLRQVUDQJLQJ IURPYHU\VLPSOHWRYHU\FRPSOH[ :KHQEHJLQQLQJWRSUDFWLFHWKHEOXHV,IHHOLWQHFHVVDU\WRJHWWKHIHHORIWKHURRWVWKHQWKH¿UVW¿YHQRWHVRIHDFKVFDOH WKHQWKHWULDG URRWUG WK DQG¿QDOO\WKHHQWLUHVFDOH+HUHLVZKDWWKDWZRXOGVRXQGOLNH
:KHQWZRFKRUGVDSSHDULQRQHPHDVXUH\RXKDYHWRDOWHUWKHUK\WKPRIWKHSDWWHUQRUFRQGHQVHWKHQXPEHURIQRWHVLQ \RXUSDWWHUQ1RPDWWHUZKDWVRQJ\RXDUHZRUNLQJRQXVHWKHDERYHPHWKRGIRUJHWWLQJDFTXDLQWHGZLWKWKHKDUPRQLF
33
PRYHPHQWRIWKHWXQH,KDYHKHDUGWZRRIWKHWRSMD]]WUXPSHWSOD\HUVLQWKHFRXQWU\VD\WKLVLVWKH¿UVWWKLQJWKH\GRZKHQ ORRNLQJRYHUDQHZSLHFHRIPXVLFWKDWWKH\DUHJRLQJWRVRORRYHU,WPDNHVJRRGVHQVHEHFDXVHLWJHWV\RXUHDUDFFXVWRPHG WRWKHYDULRXVVFDOHDQGFKRUGVRXQGVLQDGYDQFHRIWKHDFWXDOVRORLQJ,VWURQJO\DGYLVHXVLQJWKLVPHWKRGRISUDFWLFHZKHQ DSSURDFKLQJ$1<QHZVRQJ7KHPRVWLPSRUWDQWSRLQWVLQWKHEOXHVSURJUHVVLRQDQGWKHVHDUHRIWHQWRWDOO\QHJOHFWHGE\ \RXQJLPSURYLVHUVDUHWKHPHDVXUHVFLUFOHGEHORZ
,WPLJKWEHJRRGWRLPSURYLVHRQWKHUGRUWKRIHDFKFKRUGLQRUGHUWRJHWWKHVRXQGDQGIHHORIWKHKDUPRQ\LQ\RXUPLQG 8VLQJMXVWWKHUGDQGWKZLOOVRXQGOLNHWKLV QRWLFHWKHKDOIVWHSPHORGLFPRWLRQIURPWKH¿UVWFKRUGWRWKHVHFRQG
,XUJH\RXQRQSLDQRSOD\HUVWRSUDFWLFHWKHH[DPSOHDERYHZLWK\RXUOHIWKDQGRQHRFWDYHORZHUWKDQZULWWHQDQGWU\SOD\LQJ VFDODUH[HUFLVHVZLWKWKHULJKWKDQGVR\RXFDQKHDUWKHEDVLFKDUPRQ\ UG WK LQWKHOHIWKDQGZKLOHUXQQLQJSDWWHUQVRU VRORLQJLQWKHULJKWKDQG0RVWDOOJRRGZLQGSOD\HUVKDYHDNQRZOHGJHRIWKHNH\ERDUGDQGFDQSOD\EOXHVLQVHYHUDONH\V ,WLVPXFKHDVLHUWRVROYHKDUPRQLFSUREOHPVZKLOH/22.,1*DWWKHSLDQRNH\VWKDQLWLVWRVHHLWRQDVD[¿QJHUWDEOHRU WUXPSHWYDOYHV,WLVDJRRGLGHDWROHDGLQWRWKHUGRUWKE\KDOIVWHS7KLVVWUHQJWKHQVWKHKDUPRQ\1RWHVWKDWDUHJRRG FKRLFHVDWWKHEHJLQQLQJRIPHDVXUHVDUHOLVWHGEHORZ
7KH%OXHVVFDOHFDQRIFRXUVHEHSOD\HGDWDQ\WLPHGXULQJWKHFKRUXV7KHQRWHVRIWKHEOXHVVFDOHRIWHQFODVKZLWKWKH JLYHQKDUPRQ\EXWWKDWLVZKDWPDNHVLWVRXQGOLNHWKHEOXHV,ILWGLGQ¶WFODVKLQWKHEHDXWLIXOZD\LWGRHVZHZRXOGQ¶WFDOOLWD EOXHV%HFDUHIXOQRWWRFRQ¿QH\RXUVRORLQJWRMXVWWKHVRXQGRIWKHEOXHVVFDOHDQGLQVRGRLQJRYHUORRNSRVVLELOLWLHVRIYDULHW\ E\HPSOR\LQJWKHRWKHUVFDOHVVXFKDVPLQRUDQGGRPLQDQW7KHEOXHVVFDOHLQWKHNH\RI)LV F Ab Bb B C Eb F CONCLUSIONS: 3OD\ZKDW\RXKHDULQ\RXUKHDG5HFRUG\RXUYRLFHDQGWUDQVFULEHLWRQ\RXUJLYHQLQVWUXPHQW 6LQJZLWK\RXUYRLFHZKLOHGULYLQJVKRZHULQJZDONLQJHWF7KLQNDERXWWKHLQWHUYDOV\RXDUHVLQJLQJ$UH\RXVLQJLQJ ELWVDQGSLHFHVRIVFDOHVRUFKRUGV" /LVWHQWRMD]]SOD\HUVSOD\WKHEOXHV &KHFNRXW9ROXPH³1RWKLQJ%XWWKH%OXHV´SOD\DORQJERRNDQG&'VHW,I\RXDOUHDG\KDYHWKLVYROXPHKDYH\RX WULHGSOD\LQJZLWKDOOWKHWUDFNVRUKDYH\RXMXVWSOD\HGWKHEOXHVLQ%EDQG)"7LPHWRPRYHRQ 5HPHPEHUOHDGLQJWRQHVDUHWKHUGDQGWKXVXDOO\7KHVHWRQHVVKRXOGEHHPSKDVL]HGLQRUGHUWREULQJRXWWKH KDUPRQLFPRYHPHQWIURPFKRUGWRFKRUG 8VHHYHU\WKLQJ\RXKDYHOHDUQHGDERXWPHORGLFFRQVWUXFWLRQZKHQSOD\LQJRQDEOXHV'RQ¶WMXVWSOD\RQWKHEOXHVVFDOH 7KDWVRXQGFDQZHDUSUHWW\WKLQLQWKHKDQGVRIDQRYLFHEXWFDQVRXQG¿QHZKHQLQWHUVSHUVHGZLWKSKUDVHVIURPWKH RULJLQDOKDUPRQ\ 7UDQVFULEHDVRORRUDSRUWLRQRIDIDYRULWHVRORDQGSOD\LWRQ\RXULQVWUXPHQWZLWKWKHVDPHLQÀHFWLRQVDVWKHUHFRUGHG YHUVLRQ7KHMD]]WUDGLWLRQKDVEHHQSDVVHGGRZQE\LPLWDWLRQDQG\RXFDQEHQH¿WJUHDWO\E\WUDQVFULSWLRQV
WHAT DOES “TO HEAR” REALLY MEAN? ³7R+HDU´JLYHVFRQ¿GHQFHLQSHUIRUPDQFHSUDFWLFLQJWHDFKLQJFRPSRVLQJDQGOLIHLQJHQHUDO ³7R+HDU´JLYHVPRUHHQMR\PHQWDVDOLVWHQHU+HVKHKHDUVDWDGHHSHUOHYHORIDSSUHFLDWLRQDQGXQGHUVWDQGLQJDQGWKLVOHYHO JURZVDVWKH\HDUVSDVV ³7R+HDU´ZLOOHDUQ\RXDSSUHFLDWLRQDVWHDFKHUSHUIRUPHUEHFDXVH\RXUSOD\LQJDQG\RXUWHDFKLQJFRDFKLQJZLOOUHÀHFW\RXU($5¶6 NQRZOHGJH
34
S
T
U
D
I
O
V
Improvisation / by Jamey Aebersold
ariations on Blues
My last article dealt with the Blues (12 bar blues), so I would like to follow up with variations on the blues progressions that have been in common use in the jazz idiom. The term “three chord songs” are usually referring to the simplest of blues progressions. If you are in the key of F, the three chords which form the basis of the blues in that key are F7, Bb7, and C7. F7 is called a roman numeral I (one) chord. 7KH%ELVFDOOHGWKH,9 IRXU EHFDXVHLWLVEXLOWRQWKHIRUWKVFDOHVWHSRIWKH)VFDOHDQGWKH&LVFDOOHGWKH9 ¿YH FKRUG XVXDOO\FDOOHG D9FKRUG EHFDXVHLWLVIRXQGRQWKH¿IWKVFDOHVWHSRIWKH)VFDOH$WKUHHFKRUGWXQHFRXOGDOVREHFDOOHGDVRQJWKDWXVHVRQO\,,9 and V chords. As blues evolved in the hands of the jazz musicians across the country by way of the radio and home stereos, more and more musicians played blues and naturally some would take liberties with the chord structure and alter the chords to match what they were hearing in their mind’s ear. As the various alterations were passed from musician to musician, they became part of the blues structure. I have listed 17 different blues progressions found in Dan Haerle’s book “Jazz/Rock Voicings for the Contemporary Keyboard Player”, published by Studio P/R, Inc. The progressions read from left to right! The ones at the top are the easier, simpler progressions. As you move down the page they become more altered and present more of a challenge to the up anc coming jazz player. It is best to practice with one complete progression until you feel comfortable with it, then move on to the next one. You may also want to substitute a measure in one blues with the same measure in another blues below or above. Number 14 is one that Charlie Parker used on a blues called Blues For Alice and another called Laird Bird. Number 16 uses a steady stream of minor chords (ii) moving to dominant 7th chords (V7) usually called ii/ V7’s or a series of ii/V’s. Experiment with the various progressions. Begin slowly so you can hear the root progression clearly. In time, your mind will remember it and you can move more rapidly. Try to memorize each progression as you are working on it. Memory is a key process in improvising! Listen to jazz players on records and see if you can hear when they are substituting chords or scales or licks or patterns over the basic three chord progression. The masters do it all the time and with such ease that often our ears don’t even realize they have deviated from the basic progression being played by the rhythm section. You may want to check out Volume 2 “Nothin’ But Blues” in my play-a-long book/cd series. It contains eleven different blues progressions played by the rhythm section and you can play and practice along with them. Bass players and piano players can even turn off one channel of their stereo and substitute themselves for the player on the recording. It is a great way to practice with a professional rhythm section. ,QRUGHUWRSOD\EOXHV\RXKDYHWROLVWHQWRSHRSOHZKRSOD\EOXHV/LVWHQWRWKH¿QHVWSOD\HUVDOZD\V
Read from left to right! Measure 1 No.
2
EXAMPLES OF BLUES PROGRESSIONS (In the Key of F) 3
4
5
6
7
by Dan Haerle
8
9
10
11
12
1.
F7
F7
F7
F7
Bb7
Bb7
F7
F7
C7
C7
F7
F7
2.
F7
F7
F7
F7
Bb7
Bb7
F7
F7
C7
Bb7
F7
C7
3.
F7
Bb7
F7
F7
Bb7
Bb7
F7
F7
G7
C7
F7
C7
4.
F7
Bb7
F7
F7
Bb7
Bb7
F7
D7
G7
C7
F7
C7
5.
F7
Bb7
F7
F7
Bb7
Bb7
F7
D7
Gmi7
C7
F7
Gmi7
C7
6.
F7
Bb7
F7
F7
Bb7
Eb7
F7
D7
Db7
C7
F7
Db7
C7
7.
F7
Bb7
F7
Cmi7 F7
Bb7
Eb7
F7 Ami7 _ A 7
D7
Gmi7
C7
Ami7
D7
Gmi7
C7
Gmi7
C7
Ami7
D7
Gmi7
C7
Ami7
D7
Gmi7
C7
F7
C7
8.
F7
Bb7
F7
Cmi7 F7
Bb7
Eb7
9.
F7
Bb7
F7
Cmi7 F7
Bb7
10.
FM7
Emi7 A7
11.
FM7
12.
FM7
13.
FM7
Dmi7 G7 Cmi7 _ _ Emi7 Eb 7 Dmi7 Db 7 Cmi7 _ _ _ BbM7 A 7 G 7 Gb 7 _ _ _ BbM7 A 7 G 7 Gb 7
Bmi7 E7 F7 E7 _ Bo7 A 7 D7
14.
FM7
Emi7 A7
15.
FM7 Emi7 A7 Dmi7 G7 Gbmi7 Cb7 BbM7 # F mi7 B7 Emi7 A7 Dmi7 G7 Cmi7 F7 BbM7 FM7 F#mi7 B7 EM7 EbM7 DbM7 BM7 BbM7
16. 17.
Dmi7 G7
F7
Bb7
Cb7 BbM7
Bbmi7
Ami7
Cb7 BbM7
Bbmi7
Ami7
Cb7 BbM7
Bbmi7 Eb7 AbM7
Cmi7 F7
BbM7
Bbmi7 Eb7 Ami7 Bmi7
E7 Ami7
Bbmi7 Eb7 AbM7 Bmi7
E7 AM7
D7 Eb7 _ Ab 7 _ Ab 7 _ Ab 7 _ Ab 7 _ Ab 7 _ Ab 7 _ Ab 7
D7
Gmi7
Db7 Gmi7
C7 Bb7 _ C7 Db 7 Gb7 Gb7
FM7
D7 Gmi7 _ Ao 7 Gmi7 _ Ab 7 Gmi7
Gmi7 C7
Ami7
D7
Dbmi7 Gb
Db7 Gmi7
C7
Ami7
D7
Gmi7 C7
Db7 Gmi7
C7
Bb7 Ami7
D7
Gmi7 C7
Gmi7
C7
Ami7
D7
Gmi7 C7
FM7
AbM7 GM7 Gb
Gmi7 Gmi7 Db7 GbM7
Db7 GbM7
Ami7 D7
GM7
C7
GbM7
Ami7
Gb Gb
NOTE: Portions of these progression could be combined with each other to create hundreds of slight variations of the above. Notice that SUDFWLFDOO\DOOEOXHVSURJUHVVLRQVIROORZDVLPLODUEDVLFIRUPZKLFKLVDVIROORZV )LQDOPHDVXUHV9 ¿YH FKRUG RULL9VXEVWLWXWH returning to a I (one) chord.
35
5HSULQWHGIURP-,03,(5&(¶6³%LJ*ROGHQ7UXPSHW(QF\FORSHGLD´ 3XEOLVKHGE\&KDUOHV+DQVHQ0XVLF %RRNV
VALUES THE GREATEST HANDICAP --- FEAR THE BEST DAY --- TODAY EASIEST THING TO DO --- FIND FAULT MOST USELESS ASSET --- PRIDE THE GREATEST MISTAKE --- GIVING UP THE GREATEST STUMBLING BLOCK --- EGOTISM THE GREATEST COMFORT --- WORK WELL DONE MOST DISAGREEABLE PERSON --- THE COMPLAINER WORST BANKRUPTCY --- LOSS OF ENTHUSIASM BEST TEACHER --- ONE WHO MAKES YOU WANT TO LEARN GREATEST NEED --- COMMON SENSE MEANEST FEELING --- REGRET AT ANOTHER’S SUCCESS BEST GIFT --- FORGIVENESS GREATEST KNOWLEDGE --- GOD GREATEST THING IN THE WORLD --- LOVE SUGGESTION: Put these values as a pin-up in your practice room.
Musical Training is a more potent instrument than any other, because rhythm and harmony ÀQGWKHLUZD\ into the inner places of the soul. -- Plato BILL EVANS - piano player (YDQVIRUJHGDZKROO\RULJLQDODQGFRPSOHWHO\SHUVRQDODSSURDFKWRMD]]SLDQR(YDQVRQFHVDLG ³ 0XVLF VKRXOGHQULFKWKHVRXO LWVKRXOGWHDFKVSLULWXDOLW\E\VKRZLQJDSHUVRQDSRUWLRQRIKLPVHOI WKDWKHZRXOGQRWGLVFRYHURWKHUZLVH,W¶VHDV\WRUHGLVFRYHUSDUWRI\RXUVHOIEXWWKURXJKDUW\RXFDQ EHVKRZQSDUWRI\RXUVHOI\RXQHYHUNQHZH[LVWHG7KDW¶VWKHUHDOPLVVLRQRIDUW7KHDUWLVWKDVWR¿QG VRPHWKLQJZLWKLQKLPVHOIWKDW¶VXQLYHUVDODQGZKLFKKHFDQSXWLQWRWHUPVWKDWDUHFRPPXQLFDEOHWR RWKHUSHRSOH7KHPDJLFRILWLVWKDWDUWFDQFRPPXQLFDWHWRDSHUVRQZLWKRXWKLVUHDOL]LQJLWHQULFK PHQWWKDW¶VWKHIXQFWLRQRIPXVLF´ 36
BEBOP CHARACTERISTICS Compiled by David Baker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³4827(6´ 25 ,17(532/$7,216 )520 27+(5 781(6 %(%235('8&('0(/2'<72,76(66(17,$/67+(5(:(5()(:%$&.*5281'6620(%5,() ,1752'8&7,216$1'(1',1*6$1'620(81,621,17(5/8'(6 0(/2',&/,1(6:(5(6&$/$55$7+(57+$1&+25'$/ 025( 623+,67,&$7(' 6&$/(6 :(5( ,1752'8&(' ,1727+( /$1*8$*( 21( (;$03/( ,6 7+(',0,1,6+('6&$/( EEE 7+(5(:$6025(())257720$.(7+(62/2/,1(6&2+(6,9(%</,1.,1*7+(072*(7+(5 :,7+7851%$&.6&<&/(6$1'27+(5086,&$/$'+(6,9('(9,&(6 3,$12%(&$0(7+(&(17(52)7+(1(:(;35(66,21 $6<00(75,&$/62/2&216758&7,21%(&$0($)$&7 37
A SHORT LIST OF BEBOP PLAYERS &KDUOLH3DUNHUDOWRVD[ 'L]]\*LOOHVSLHWUXPSHW %XG3RZHOOSLDQR &KDUOLH0LQJXVEDVV 0D[5RDFKGUXPV 7KHORQLXV0RQNSLDQR 6RQQ\6WLWWDOWRWHQRUVD[ &OLIIRUG%URZQWUXPSHW :DUGHOO*UD\WHQRUVD[ $O+DLJSLDQR +RZDUG0F*KHHWUXPSHW )DWV1DYDUURWUXPSHW 5HG5RGQH\WUXPSHW ---RKQVRQWURPERQH 6RQQ\5ROOLQVWHQRUVD[ -DFNLH0F/HDQDOWRVD[
'H[WHU*RUGRQWHQRUVD[ 0LWW-DFNVRQYLEHV :\QWRQ.HOO\SLDQR +RUDFH6LOYHUSLDQR $UW%ODNH\GUXPV -LPP\5DQH\JXLWDU :HV0RQWJRPHU\JXLWDU &KDUOHV0F3KHUVRQDOWRVD[ -DPHV0RRG\WHQRUDOWRVD[ÀXWH 3KLO:RRGVDOWRVD[ &DQQRQEDOO$GGHUOH\DOWRVD[ 0LOHV'DYLVWUXPSHW /HH.RQLW]DOWRVD[ *HUU\0XOOLJDQEDULVD[ 5D\%URZQEDVV
BEBOP SCALES 7KH³%(%23´VFDOHFDQEHXVHGRYHUDQ\TXDOLW\PDMRUPLQRUGRPWKRUKDOIGLP,W LVSUREDEO\XVHGPRVWRIWHQRYHU'RPWKDQG'RULDQPLQRUFKRUGVFDOHV C7 Bebop scale = C D E F G A Bb B C -- (This is also called the 7th scale.) 'RQ¶WDOORZWKH%WRIDOORQDGRZQEHDW,W0867IDOORQWKHXSEHDW %HDWVDQG DUHGRZQEHDWV*RRGEHJLQQLQJVWDUWLQJQRWHVIRUDVFHQGLQJHLJKWQRWHVOLQHVDUH E)RUGHVFHQGLQJHLJKWKQRWHOLQHV WKHVDPHDVDVFHQGLQJ E7KHVHDUH $//FKRUGWRQHV:KHQ\RXEHJLQDSKUDVHRQWKHQGWKRUWKQRWHRIWKHVFDOH\RX PXVWXVHDSDVVLQJWRQHRUFKURPDWLFLVPVRPHZKHUHLQWKHSKUDVHLQRUGHUWRPDNHWKH %IDOORQDQXSEHDW%HFDUHIXOWRXVHSURSHUMD]]DUWLFXODWLRQRU\RXPD\QHJDWHWKHHI IHFWLYHQHVVRIWKH%HERSVFDOHVRXQG Doing the above will make your phrases sound natural and more like what you hear on records. The circled note is the extra, added tone.
BEBOP SCALES: MAJOR = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 1 -- C D E F G G A B C DOM.7th = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, °7, 7, 1 -- C D E F G A B° B C MINOR = 1, 2, °3, 3, 4, 5, 6, °7, 1 -- C D E° E F G A B° C HALF-DIM = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 1 -- C D° E° F F G G B°C PROPER USE OF THE BEBOP SCALE WILL INSTANTLY MAKE YOUR MUSICAL LINES MORE MATURE AND ALIVE.
CHECK OUT JOE RIPOSO'S BOOKS ON BEBOP SCALES:
BEBOP SCALES AND PATTERNS - (Order Code: BEBOP (Treble) or BEBOP-BC (Bass Clef) TARGET AND APPROACH TONES (Order Code: TAT)
$OORIWKHVHERRNVDUHDYDLODEOHIURP-DPH\$HEHUVROG-D]]YLVLWRXUZHEVLWHDWwww.jazzbooks.com
38
TRANSPOSITION CHART C Concert Instruments: Trombone, Piano, Flute, Guitar, Oboe, Organ, Violin, Cello, Viola, Harp, C Melody Sax, C Trumpet, Bass Guitar, Bass Violin, Bb Instruments: Trumpet, Cornet, Clarinet, Tenor Sax, Soprano Sax Eb Instruments: Alto and Baritone Sax, Eb Clarinet, NOTE:&&RQFHUW,QVWUXPHQWVDUHQRQWUDQVSRVLQJ7KH\UHDGWKHLUPXVLFDVLV%ELQVWUXPHQWVPXVWSOD\ WKHLUQRWHV83D:+2/(67(37KLVLVFDOOHGWUDQVSRVLQJXSDVWHS(ELQVWUXPHQWVPXVWSOD\WKHLUQRWHV '2:1WKUHHKDOIVWHSV 0LQRUWKLUG 7KLVLVFDOOHGWUDQVSRVLQJDPLQRUWKLUG If we had a musical phrase comprised of these notes, here is how they would be transposed; C Concert Instruments play: C E° G
Bb A
G
F
D
D°
G° B
E
Bb Instruments play:
D
F
A
C
B
A
G
E
E°
Ab
C
F B°
Eb Instruments play:
A
C
E
G
F E
D
B
B°
E°
A°
C F
A°
TWO INTERESTING SHORT STORIES 7KHIROORZLQJWZRVWRULHVDUHWUXH7KH&KDUOLH3DUNHUVWRU\LVIURPDUHFRUGHGLQWHUYLHZ ZLWK/HRQDUG)HDWKHU,WLVDYDLODEOHLQWZRYHUVLRQVDVKRUWPLQXWHYHUVLRQDQGDORQJHU PLQXWHYHUVLRQ7KHORQJYHUVLRQLVIURPDUHFRUGWLWOHG³5DSSLQZLWK%LUG´7KHODEHOLV 0((;$',6&2;DQGWKHUHFRUGDOVRFRQWDLQVHLJKWVRQJVE\%LUG 7KHVWRU\DERXWP\IULHQG-RKQ:HOFKZDVWROGWRPHE\KLPVHOILQ $IWHUUHDGLQJ ERWKVWRULHV,¶PVXUH\RX¶OOVHH%LUG¶VORYHRIPDQNLQGDQGKLVZLOOLQJQHVVWREHRIKHOS Charlie Parker:³,NQHZKRZWRSOD\WZRWXQHVLQDFHUWDLQNH\WKHNH\RI'IRUVD[RSKRQH DOWRVD[ )FRQFHUW,OHDUQHGKRZWRSOD\WKH¿UVWHLJKWEDUVRI/D]\5LYHUDQG,NQHZWKH FRPSOHWHWXQHWR+RQH\VXFNOH5RVH,QHYHUVWRSSHGWRWKLQNDERXWWKHUHEHLQJRWKHUNH\V RUQRWKLQ¶OLNHWKDW6R,WRRNP\KRUQRXWWRWKLVMRLQWZKHUHDEXQFKRIIHOORZV,¶GVHHQ DURXQGZHUHDQGWKH¿UVWWKLQJWKH\VWDUWHGSOD\LQJZDV%RG\DQG6RXOORQJPHWHU\RX NQRZ6R,JRWRSOD\LQJP\+RQH\VXFNOH5RVHDQGWKHUHDLQ¶WQRIRUPRIFRQJORPHUD WLRQ\RXNQRZVRWKH\ODXJKHGPHRIIWKHEDQGVWDQGWKH\ODXJKHGDWPHVRKDUG ,ZDVDERXWRUDWWKHWLPH,QHYHUWKRXJKWDERXWWKHUHEHLQJDQ\PRUHNH\V \RXNQRZ´ Jamey Aebersold:,WLVREYLRXVIURPWKHDERYHVWDWHPHQWVWKDW&KDUOLH3DUNHUGLGQ¶WNQRZ WRRPXFKZKHQKHVWDUWHGRXW3UHWW\PXFKWKHVDPHDVPRVWRIXV,VXVSHFW,WLVFOHDUWKDW &KDUOLH3DUNHUPXVWKDYHVSHQWVRPHWLPHSUDFWLFLQJWKHULJKWWKLQJVOLVWHQLQJWRWKHULJKW SHRSOHDQGLQJHQHUDOJDWKHULQJDVPXFKNQRZOHGJHDERXWPXVLFDVSRVVLEOHEHFDXVH KHYHU\VKRUWO\EHFDPHDOHJHQGLQKLVRZQWLPH,UHFRPPHQGUHDGLQJWKHIROORZLQJERRN IRUPRUHLQIRRQ&KDUOLH3DUNHU¶VOLIH DOODUHDYDLODEOHIURPwww.jazzbooks.com ³%LUG/LYHV´E\5RVV5XVVHOO
39
John Welch:³,ZDVHLJKWHHQ\HDUVROGDQGYHU\QDLYH,KDGVWXGLHGDUUDQJLQJZLWK%LOO5XVVR,ZHQW RXWWR6RXWK'DNRWDWRWKH8QLYHUVLW\WKHUHWRVWXG\PXVLFDQGIRXQGP\VHOIUHDOO\XQKDSS\ZLWKWKH VLWXDWLRQ,ZURWHEDFNDQGIRUWKWR%LOO5XVVRDQGKHJRWPHLQZLWK/HQQLH7ULVWDQRLQ1HZ
...The music of Charlie Parker has certainly done this... PLAY-A-LONGS FROM JAMEY AEBERSOLD FEATURING CHARLIE PARKER VOL. 6 - CHARLIE PARKER - “ALL BIRD”
VOL. 69 - “BIRD” GOES LATIN
,1&/8'(6 1RZ¶V 7KH 7LPH 'RQQD /HH %LOOLH¶V Bounce Dewey Square
,1&/8'(6 %DUEDGRV0DUPDGXNH%X]]\'HZH\ 6TXDUH
2UGHU&RGH 9'6
40
USE PENCIL
THEORY ASSIGNMENTS
&RQVXOW WKH 6&$/( 6
7KHQH[WIHZSDJHVDUHXVHGIRUVWXG\DQGSUDFWLFHDWWKH6XPPHU-D]]:RUNVKRSV/HWPHHQFRXUDJH\RXWRWU\ WKHPRQ\RXURZQ,I\RXGRQRWKDYHDWHDFKHURUEDQGGLUHFWRUZKRFDQKHOS\RXFRUUHFW\RXUH[HUFLVHVZKHQ \RX¶UHGRQHIHHOIUHHWRPDLOWKHPWRXVDQGZHZLOOFRUUHFWWKHPDQGPDLOWKHPEDFNWR\RX Jamey Aebersold H = Half Step, W = Whole Step, -3 = Minor Third (3 half steps) 0DMRU6FDOH ::+:::+ 0LQRU6FDOH :+:::+: 'RPLQDQWWK6FDOHV ::+::+: +DOI'LPLQLVKHG6FDOHV +::+::: +DOI'LPLQLVKHG6FDOHV :+:+::: /\GLDQ :::+::+ 0DMRUZLWK
:KROH7RQH6FDOHV :::::: 'LP6FDOH :+:+:+:+ EHJLQZLWK: 'LP6FDOHV +:+:+:+: EHJLQZLWK+ 'LP:KROH7RQH6FDOHV +:+:::: _ _ %OXHV6FDOHV :++ : /\GLDQ'RPLQDQW :::+:+: _
[ # and + means to raise 1/2 step. b or - means to lower 1/2 step. 3 means 3 half steps ] For additional study, I highly recommend Dan Haerle’s book, “The Jazz Language.” WRITE THE NOTES TO THE FOLLOWING SCALES (use the above whole and half-step sequences as a guide) 1. B° 2. A°7 _ 3. B 7 4. BØ _ 5. D 6. C7 _ 7. F 7 8. EØ _ 9. F 7 10. D7 _ 11. G 12. C7 13. F 14. AØ2 15. Bb Major 4 _
16. A°
17. E°7 18. E
_
19. B7 20. C74
41
USE PENCIL
THEORY ASSIGNMENTS
WRITE THE NOTES TO THE FOLLOWING CHORD SYMBOLS WRITE THE NAME OF THE SCALE TO THE LEFT, ALSO 1. A74 _ 2. B ¼ 3. C7+9 4. B°¼4 5. DØ 6. A°¼4 7. CØ2 8. F¼4, 5 _ 9. B° ¼ 10. E74 11. F7+5 12. E°7 4, 5 13. A¼4 14. D°7°9 15. B7°9 _ 16. G ¼ 17. C7°9 18. GØ _ 19. D ¼ 20. A79
42
USE PENCIL
THEORY ASSIGNMENTS
7KHUGWRQHRIWKH(°PDMRUVFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRIWKH$ scale is
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH%°VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRIWKH$° VFDOHLV _ 7KHUGWRQHRI( VFDOHLV
________ ________
7KHWKWRQHRI$°PDMRUVFDOHLV
________
7KHQGWRQHRI)VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRI(VFDOHLV
________
7KHQGWRQHRI)VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRI) VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRI(° VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRI' VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRI'°VFDOHLV
________
7KHUGWRQHRI%VFDOHLV
________
7KHQGWRQHRI*°PDMRUVFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRI% VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRIWKH%° VFDOHLV
________
7KHVWWRQHRIWKH)VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH(VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRIWKH) VFDOHLV
________
7KHUGWRQHRIWKH*VFDOHLV _ 7KHUGWRQHRIWKH) VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH'VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH(°VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH'°VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH(PDMRUVFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH$VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRIWKH'° VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH%VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRIWKH%° VFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRIWKH(° VFDOHLV
________
7KHQGWRQHRIWKH%PDMRUVFDOHLV _ 7KHWKWRQHRIWKH& VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH*°VFDOHLV
________
7KH WKWRQHRIWKH$°PDMRUVFDOHLV _ 7KH WKWRQHRIWKH( VFDOHLV
________
7KH WKWRQHRIWKH%VFDOHLV
________
7KHWKWRQHRIWKH)VFDOHLV _ 7KHUGWRQHRIWKH$° VFDOHLV
________
________ ________
________ ________ ________
________ ________
________ ________
________ ________ ________ ________
________
________ 43
ii V7 I
USE PENCIL
ii - V7 - I sequences in major keys / ii - V7 - I sequences in minor keys ,KDYHOLVWHGRQHRIWKHWKUHHFKRUGV\PEROVDQG\RXDUHWR¿OOLQWKHRWKHUWZRFKRUGV\PEROV7KHH[HUFLVHUHDGVIURPOHIW WRULJKW:KHQLQDPLQRUNH\WKHLLFKRUGEHFRPHVKDOIGLPLQLVKHGDQGWKH9FKRUGLVXVXDOO\DOWHUHGZLWK° DQG MAJOR KEYS MINOR KEYS
ii 1 2
V7
1
D_ B°7
4
A°
5
A7+9
3
D7+9
A°_
8
CØ
9
10
E7
10
F_7
17
20
CØ G_7 F7+9 A_7
14
C_
C7+9
15 16
F7 B_
AØ E°_7
17
18 19
G7°9
13 G
16
B°_7
12
B7
14 15
11
C¼
C7°9 FØ
D°7
13
A°_
7
9
12
EØ
6 G°
18
A¼ E°_
19 D7
20
I
DØ
5
C7
11
V7
2
4
G7
7 8
ii
A7
3
6
I
B7°9 BØ D°_
7KHGLVWDQFHIURPWKHURRWRIWKHLLFKRUGWRWKHURRWRIWKH9FKRUGLVD3HUIHFWWK$3HUIHFWWKLQWHUYDOLVHTXDOWRKDOIVWHSV7KH GLVWDQFHIURPWKHURRWRIWKH9FKRUGWRWKHURRWRIWKH,FKRUGLVD3HUIHFWWKDOVR7U\WRPHPRUL]HWKHVHTXHQFHVLQWDFW LL9,7KLQN RIHDFKFKRUGDVEHLQJUHODWHGWRWKHFKRUGRQHLWKHUVLGHRILW5HPHPEHUWKHVFDOHVZKLFKFRPSULVHLL9,LQPDMRUNH\VFRQWDLQWKH VDPHNH\VLJQDWXUH EXAMPLE: ii V7 I D*&DOOFRQWDLQQRVKDUSVDQGQRÀDWV
44
USE PENCIL
THEORY ASSIGNMENTS
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE
7KH RI% LVBBBBBBBBBBB 7KHGLPLQLVKHGVFDOHKDVKRZPDQ\GLIIHUHQWWRQHV"BBBBBBBBBBB +RZPDQ\QRWHVDUHLQDZKROHWRQHVFDOH"BBBBBBBBBBB :KHQ\RXVHHWKHFKRUGV\PERO&LVWKHWKDOVRUDLVHG"BBBBBBBBBBB +RZPDQ\KDOIVWHSVHTXDODSHUIHFWWK"BBBBBBBBBBB :ULWHWKHF\FOHRIIRXUWKVEHJLQQLQJZLWK'*&BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB :KHUHGRHVD9FKRUGXVXDOO\UHVROYHWR"BBBBBBBBBBB &DQD,,FKRUGVRPHWLPHVEHDGRPLQDQWWKLQVWHDGRIPLQRU"
1DPHWKH° DQGWKH LQWKHNH\RI%°BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB )LVWKHUDLVHGWKRIZKDWVFDOH"BBBBBBBBBBB ,I'°LV,ZKDWLV,,"BBBBBBBBBBB :ULWHWKHFKRUGV\PEROVIRU,,9,LQ(° BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB +RZPDQ\GLIIHUHQWPDMRUVFDOHVDUHWKHUH"BBBBBBBBBBB +RZPDQ\GLIIHUHQWWRQHVDUHLQWKHFKURPDWLFVFDOH"BBBBBBBBBBB :KDWWZRWRQHVLQWKHGRPLQDQWWKFKRUGIRUPWKH7ULWRQH"7KHBBBBBB BBBBBBB :KDWW\SH TXDOLW\ FKRUGVDUHIRXQGLQWKHUHJXODU%OXHVSURJUHVVLRQ ___________
___________
+RZPDQ\EDUVLQDW\SLFDO%OXHV"BBBBBBBBBBB :KDWWZRNH\VLVWKH%OXHVPRVWRIWHQSOD\HGLQ"BBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBB :KDWSDUWRI\RXUERG\GR\RXQHHGWRXVHPRUHRIWHQLQRUGHUWREHFRPHDEHWWHUPXVLFLDQ" ___________ 45
46
47
48
49
50
51
Jamey Aebersold’s
POINTS TO REMEMBER
Taken from his “Anyone Can Improvise!” Seminars 7ZRIDFWRUVWKDWVWRSSHRSOHIURPLPSURYLVLQJDUHIHDURIJHWWLQJORVWDQGIHDURISOD\LQJDZURQJQRWH 7DSH\RXURZQSOD\LQJDQGOLVWHQWR\RXUVHOI'RQ¶WEHFULWLFDO-XVW/LVWHQ +XPRULVDQLPSRUWDQWSDUWRIFUHDWLYLW\ 79NLOOVLPDJLQDWLRQ ,JQRUDQFHNLOOV6RGRHVVPRNLQJ &DQ\RXSUDFWLFHIRURQHKRXUZLWKRXWLQWHUUXSWLRQ" ,I\RXGRQ¶WWKLQNEHIRUH\RXSOD\DSKUDVHLWLVQRWLPSURYLVDWLRQMXVWDQH[HUFLVH 6LQJ6LQJ6LQJ ,WLVHDVLHUWRVLQJZKDW\RXKHDULQ\RXUKHDGWKDQLWLVWRSOD\LWRQ\RXULQVWUXPHQW\RXUREMHFWLYHLVWREH DEOHWRSOD\ZKDW\RXKHDULQ\RXUKHDG 7KLQNHDFKQRWHEHIRUH\RXSOD\LW 'LGDQ\RQHHYHUGLHIURPWKLQNLQJWRRPXFK" 7KH%OXHVLVPRVWFRPPRQO\SOD\HGLQWKHNH\VRI)DQG%ÀDWE\-D]]PXVLFLDQV 'RQ¶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¿QJHU,QWKLVZD\\RXFDQFRQ FHQWUDWHRQWKHDUWLFXODWLRQ 2QHRIWKHUHDVRQV\RXGRQ¶WVRXQGOLNHWKHJX\VRQUHFRUGLVEHFDXVH\RXKDYHQ¶WSUDFWLFHDUWLFXODWLRQ 3OD\DVRORDORQJZLWKDUHFRUGLQRUGHUWRSUDFWLFHDUWLFXODWLRQLPLWDWHWKH-D]]JUHDWV ,QVSLUHUHIHUVWRWKHVSLULWZLWKLQ\RXLQVSLULW /LVWHQDQGOLIWLGHDVRIIUHFRUGV /,67(12YHUDQGRYHUDQGRYHU$OOWKHDQVZHUVWR\RXUTXHVWLRQVDUHRQWKHUHFRUGV /LVWHQWR-D]]HYHU\GD\ ,I\RXDUHZHOOHTXLSSHGWHFKQLFDOO\\RXFDQWDNHFKDQFHV 'RQ¶WMXVWXVHWKHSOD\DORQJ&'¶VWRNHHSWLPHXVHWKHPWROHDUQWRKHDUWKH721$/,7<RIHDFKNH\WKDWLV SOD\HG ,QOLYH-D]]WKHUHLVLQWHUDFWLRQEHWZHHQSOD\HUV 7KHEHVWWKLQJVLQOLIHDUHIUHHDQGWKLVIUHH-D]]+DQGERRNLVRQHRIWKHP ,WLVJUHDWWRSOD\ZLWKSHRSOHZKRDUHDOLWWOHRUDORWEHWWHUWKDQ\RXWKH\ZLOOSXVK\RXWRLPSURYH 1RRQHLVDERUQSOD\HU*RRGLQVWUXPHQWVDQGWHDFKHUVDUHLPSRUWDQWEXWWKHSOD\HUPDNHVKLPVHOI
POINTS TO REMEMBER -- cont’d :KHQ\RXVLQJYLVXDOL]HWKHNH\ERDUG,I\RXGRQ¶WNQRZZKDWNH\\RXDUHLQMXVWWKLQNLQ&'RWKHVHLP SRUWDQWWKLQJVDZD\IURPWKHSUDFWLFHURRPGRQ¶WZDVWHSUDFWLFHWLPH :KHQHYHU\RXVHHDFKRUGV\PEROEHDZDUHWKDWLWLPSOLHVDKRUL]RQWDOVFDOH DQGD YHUWLFDOFKRUG PRVWFKRUGVDUHEXLOWIURPHYHU\RWKHUQRWHRIWKHVFDOHEXWQRWDOO $NH\ERDUGLVYHU\LPSRUWDQWIRUOHDUQLQJKDUPRQ\DQGIRUKHDULQJFKRUGTXDOLWLHV2QDNH\ERDUGHYHU\WKLQJ LVODLGRXWVLPSO\IRU\RX
POINTS TO REMEMBER -- cont’d $JRRGPXVLFLDQKDVDODUJHUHSHUWRLUHLQKLVKHDGKHGRHVQ¶WUHO\KHDYLO\RQERRNV 0XVLFGRHVQ¶WFDUHZKRSOD\VLW ³3OD\ZKDWLVWKHUHZHGRQ¶WQHHGWRKHDU\RXO\LQJ´$UW%ODNH\ :KHQ\RX¿QDOO\SOD\ZKDWLVLQ\RXUKHDG\RXZLOOPHHW\RXUVHOIIRUWKH¿UVWWLPH ³,WWDNHVDORQJWLPHWRSOD\OLNH\RXUVHOI¶0LOHV
MORE GREAT JAZZ PLAY-A-LONG SETS
:( 5(&+$1*,1*7+(:$<3(23/(35$&7,&(
HOW TO USE:(DFKYROXPHFRQWDLQVDTXDOLW\VWHUHRUHFRUGLQJ V DQGDFRRUGLQDWHGERRNOHWZLWKSDUWV)25$//,16758 0(1767KHYROXPHVGRQRWQHFHVVDULO\JHWSURJUHVVLYHO\PRUHGLI¿FXOW7KHVSHFLDOVWHUHRVHSDUDWLRQWHFKQLTXHLVLGHDO IRUXVHE\UK\WKPSOD\HUVThe left channel includes bass and drums, while the right channel contains piano or guitar and drums.3RSXODUO\WHUPHG³7KH0RVW:LGHO\8VHG,PSURYLVDWLRQ7RROV2Q7KH0DUNHW´ 6XJJHVWHGRUGHURIVWXG\ 9ROXPHV-$'HWF9RODQGZRUNWRIRUPDVWURQJIRXQGDWLRQ
3ULFHVDQGDYDLODELOLW\VXEMHFWWRFKDQJHZLWKRXWQRWLFH
TO ORDER:$YDLODEOHIURP\RXUIDYRULWHPXVLFVRXUFHRUFDOO
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± VRPH KDUPRQL]HG 7KLVYROXPHLVWUXO\IXQWRSOD\ZLWK5K\WKPVHFWLRQUHDOO\JURRYHV $OOVFDOHVDQGFKRUGWRQHVZULWWHQLQ %N&' $15.90 VOL. 3 THE II/V7/I PROGRESSION.,QWOHYHONew, expanded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ew, expanded CD Four, 0LOHVWRQHV7XQH8S7KH7KHPHDQGPRUH %N&' $14.90 VOL. 8 SONNY ROLLINS.,QW$GYOHYHO&RQVLGHUHGMD]]VWDQGDUGV 'R[\6W7KRPDV2OHRHWF %N&' $14.90 VOL. 9 WOODY SHAW.,QW$GYOHYHO2ULJLQDOVE\:RRG\6KDZ 0RRQWUDQH/LWWOH5HG V)DQWDV\ %N&' $14.90 VOL. 10 DAVID BAKER.,QW$GYOHYHO$ZLGHYDULHW\RIVW\OHVDQG WHPSRV %N&' $15.90 VOL. 11 HERBIE HANCOCK.%HJ,QWOHYHO7KLVVHWFRQWDLQVDORW RIYDULHW\²VZLQJURFNPRGDOIXQN\ %N&' $15.90 VOL. 12 DUKE ELLINGTON.,QWOHYHO DOOWLPHFODVVLFVHYHU\RQH VKRXOG OHDUQ LQFOXGLQJ 6DWLQ 'ROO 3HUGLGR $ 7UDLQ 6ROLWXGH ,Q$6HQWLPHQWDO0RRGDQG0RUH %N&' $14.90 VOL. 13 CANNONBALL ADDERLEY. ,QW OHYHO %OXHV\ RULHQWHG VRQJVE\&DQQRQEDOO V4XLQWHW5K\WKPVHFWLRQLV6DP-RQHV5RQQLH 0DWKHZV/RXLV+D\HV %N&' $14.90 VOL. 14 BENNY GOLSON.,QW$GYOHYHOMD]]FODVVLFV%HQQ\LV RQHRIWKHPRVWSRSXODUMD]]FRPSRVHUVDOLYH %N&' $15.90 VOL. 15 PAYIN' DUES.,QW$GYOHYHO1LQHVRQJV %N&' $14.90 VOL. 16 TURNAROUNDS, CYCLES & II/V7s.,QW$GYOHYHO,I\RX KDYHEHHQZRUNLQJRQSOD\LQJVFDOHVFKRUGVDQGKDUPRQ\LQJHQHUDO WKLVLVWKHQH[WVWHSWRZDUGVJHWWLQJ\RXUHDUVDQG¿QJHUVFRRUGLQDWHG $FRQWLQXDWLRQRI9ROEXWPXFKPRUHLQGHSWK %N&'V $19.95 VOL. 17 HORACE SILVER.%HJ,QW/HYHO5RQ&DUWHU.HQQ\%DUURQ DQG$O)RVWHUPDNHWKHVHHLJKWVRQJVUHDOO\FRPHWROLIH&RQWDLQVSong )RU0\)DWKHU7KH3UHDFKHUHWF %N&' $15.90 VOL. 18 HORACE SILVER.,QW$GYOHYHO7KLVVHWLVDFKDOOHQJH 6DPHUK\WKPVHFWLRQDV9RO)DVWHUWKDQ9RO %N&' $15.90 VOL.19 DAVID LIEBMAN. ,QW$GY OHYHO $ QHZ GLUHFWLRQ 5LFKLH %LHUDFK)UDQN7XVD $O)RVWHU %N&' $15.90 VOL. 20 JIMMY RANEY.,QWOHYHO$JUHDWZD\WRUHDOO\VWXG\%HERS 7KLVRXWVWDQGLQJVHWLQFOXGHVWUDQVFULEHGVRORVZULWWHQDQGSOD\HGE\ -LPP\A new concept%DVHGRQVWDQGDUGV %N&' $14.90 VOL. 21 GETTIN' IT TOGETHER.$OOOHYHOV±YRFDOLVWDQGLQVWUXPHQWDOLVW UHJDUGOHVV RI DELOLW\ (DFK WUDFN FRYHUV DOO NH\V 9HU\ WKRURXJK VHWZLWKGLIIHUHQWWUDFNVNew, expanded CD %N&'V $19.95 VOL. 22 FAVORITE STANDARDS.$OOOHYHOV6WHOOD%\6WDUOLJKW0\2OG )ODPH0\,GHDO(DV\/LYLQJPRUH %N&'V $19.95 VOL. 23 ONE DOZEN STANDARDS.$OOOHYHOV0XVLFDQGO\ULFVWR VWDQGDUGV$QJHO(\HV%XW%HDXWLIXO(YHU\WKLQJ+DSSHQV7R0H +HUH V7KDW5DLQ\'D\PRUH %N&'V $19.95 VOL. 24 MAJOR AND MINOR.$OOOHYHOV±$OO,QVWUXPHQWV7KLVVHW FRYHUVDOOPDMRUDQGPLQRUVFDOHVLQDOONH\V7UDFNVDUHDERXWPLQXWHV ORQJDQGVWD\LQRQHNH\IRUGXUDWLRQRIWUDFN %N&'V $19.95 VOL. 25 ALL-TIME STANDARDS. DOOWLPHIDYRULWHVSummertime, 0\)RROLVK+HDUW+DYH
VOL. 36 BEBOP AND BEYOND.-D]]*UHDWV/DG\ELUG,0HDQ
VOL. 76 HOW TO LEARN TUNES.%DNHU¶VLQFUHGLEOHZRUNLVTXLFNDQG HDV\IRUOHDUQLQJWXQHVPHPRUL]LQJPHORGLHVDQGFKRUGFKDQJHVIRUDQ\ WXQHLQDQ\NH\ %.&' $19.95 VOL. 77 PAQUITO D’RIVERA 5HIUHVKLQJ FKDQJH RI SDFH ZLWK 3DTXLWR¶V RZQ EDQG ([FLWLQJ /DWLQ FODVVLFV DQG ODLGEDFN %UD]LOLDQ IDYRULWHV %.&' $15.90 VOL. 78 HOLIDAY CLASSICS. +DYH
ANYONE CAN IMPROVISE! DVD Video
Jamey explains and demonstrates fundamental techniques used by all great jazz improvisers. Product Code JAD - $19.95
