University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Pharmacy Organic Chemistry - Laboratory
CLASSIFICATION TESTS FOR CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES 31 Montenegro, Francesca Isabel P., P. , 32 Padilla, Roy Antonio L., 33 Paguio, Christine C., 34 Panizales, Panizales, Beryl Jane C. Group Seven, 2A-Ph, Faculty of Pharmacy, UST
Abstract
Th e s tu dy ai med to cl ass if y t he di ffe re nt sa mpl e com compoun pounds ds acco accord rdin ing g to the the four four classification tests conducted. The classification tests used were Hydrolysis, Aminolysis: Anilide Formation, Alcoholysis: Alcoholysis: SchottenSchotten-Baumann Reaction, and Hydroxamic Acid Test. Whil Whilee the the samp sample less use used d wer weree Acet Acetyl yl Chlo Chlori ride de,, Ac et ic An hy dr id e, Be nz am i de an d Ac et am id e, an d Et hy l Ac et at e. Ea ch clas classi sifi fica cati tion on test test was was don donee sep separ arat atel ely y fro from m the the others and used specific compounds from the given samples to be experimented experimented on.
Introduction Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are the most abundant of all organic compounds in living organisms and in laboratory. The most common derivatives of carboxylic acids are acyl halides, acid anhydrides, esters, and amides. They contain acyl group attached to a nucleophilic molecule that replaced the -OH group of a carboxylic acid. Carboxylic acids and their derivatives their derivatives are involved in many industrial processes and most biological pathways . Acyl hali halides des are are used used as a star st artiting ng mate ma teri rial al for fo r synthesis due to its reactivity. Amides, like acids and esters, are abundant in living organismsorganisms- proteins, nucleic acids, and many pharmaceuticals have amide functional group. Al All carboxylic acid derivatives yield the parent carboxylic acid upon reaction with water. Furthermore, one derivative can be converted into another, provided the former is more reactive than the latter (3). Carboxylic acid derivatives react with the same mechanism the nucleophile attacks the carbonyl carbon, forming an unstable
tetrahedral intermediate, which modif di fies ie s a carbox carboxyli ylic acid deriv derivativ ative e by eliminating the weakest base. The types of nucleophilic acyl substitution that a carboxylic acid derivative undergoes are hydrolysis, aminolysis and alcoholysis The objective of this experiment is to differentiate the reactivities of carboxylic acid derivatives and to distinguish it using classification tests. It also aimed to explain through chemical equation and mechanisms the reactions involved in each tests.
