Catanduanes State University PANGANIBAN CAMPUS Panganiban, Catanduanes TOPIC RPORTR SUB"CT INSTRU INSTRUCTO CTOR R
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FILIPINO R!OLTS AGAINST SPAIN
FILIPINO REVOLTS AGAINST SPAIN T#e Fi$i%in& Fi$i%in& $&ve 'reed& 'reed&() () T#ey T#ey d& n&t $i*e +rue$ +rue$ '&reig '&reigner nerss te$$in te$$ing g t#e( t#e( #at #at t& d& &r &%%ressing t#e() N&, t#e S%aniards did n&t rea$$y ta*e g&&d +are &' t#e Fi$i%in&s under S%anis# ru$e) S&, t#e Fi$i%in&s &'ten rebe$$ed against t#e S%anis# g&vern(ent) -uring t#e t#ree +enturies &' S%anis# ru$e in t#e P#i$i%%ines, t#ere ere (&re t#an .// rev&$ts by t#e Fi$i%in&s) T#ey #e$% t& bring a $itt$e i(%r&ve(ent in t#e %e&%$e0s $ives) But t#e Fi$i%in&s ere n&t #a%%y unti$ t#ey ere 'ree) Causes of Revolts. T#ere ere (any +auses &' t#e Fi$i%in& rev&$ts against S%ain) T#e $ist be$& s#&s t#e di''erent +auses &' t#e rev&$ts and gives 'a(&us e1a(%$es &' t#ese *inds &' rev&$ts)
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Our $&ve $&ve &' &' 'reed 'reed&( &( and and inde inde%en %enden den+e +e Abuses Abuses &' S%anis S%anis# # en+& en+&(en (ender der&s &s Trib Tribut utee 4res 4resid iden en+e +e ta1 ta155 F&r+ F&r+ed ed $ab& $ab&rr 4%&$ 4%&$&5 &5 Land Land gra grabb bbin ing g by t#e t#e 'ria 'riars rs Basi Basi 4i 4ine ne55 M&n& M&n&%& %&$y $y Re$igi&n
Dagohoy’ Dagohoy’ss Revolt (!"" # $%&'. $%&'. T#e rev&$t &' Fran+is+& -ag&#&y in B&#&$ as t#e $&ngest rev&$t in P#i$i%%ine #ist&ry) It $asted '&r 7 years 'r&( .966 ; .2<) -ag&#&y0s br&t#er, a %&$i+e(an in Inabangan, as *i$$ed in a due$ it# a rebe$) T#e Cat#&$i+ %riest re'used t give #i( a C#ristian buria$ be+ause due$ing as as a (&rta$ sin)
Fran+is+& -ag&#&y g&t angry and $ed #is %e&%$e in a rev&$t) T#ey *i$$ed t& %riests in t#e is=and &' B&#&$) S&&n, t#e B&#&$an&s anted t& get rid &' a$$ S%aniards in t#eir is$and) T#ey set u% t#eir &n 'ree g&vern(ent in t#e (&untains) T#ey n& $&nger anted t& be under t#e S%aniards) Tenty Tenty S%anis# g&vern&rs g&vern&rs genera$ genera$ 'ai$ed 'ai$ed t& st&% t#is rebe$$i&n) rebe$$i&n) In .29, .29, G&vern&r G&vern&r Manue$ Ri+a'&rt &rdered 2,2// Fi$i%in&>S%anis# tr&&%s t& atta+* t#e B&#&$ %atri&ts) But t#is str&ng atta+* 'ai$ed) In .2 t& .2<, an&t#er atta+* as (ade by t#e S%aniards against B&#&$) A'ter years &' 'igting, t#e Fi$i%in& %atri&ts ere 'ina$$y de'eated) ?&ever, t#e S%aniards did n&t 'ind -ag&#&y) ?e died t& years be'&re) ?is brave +&(%atri&ts surrendered) Ab&ut .<,/// surviv&rs ere %ard&ned by t#e S%anis# g&vern&r and a$$&ed t& $ive in ne vi$$ages) T#ese vi$$ages be+a(e t#e t&ns &' Batuan, Bi$i$i#an, Cabu$a&, Catig&ian, and !i$ar) !i$ar) Sla)g’s Revolt (!*% # *+'. -ieg& Si$ang and #is i'e Gabrie$a $ed a 'a(&us rev&$t in I$&+&s in .982 ; 83) T#is rev&$t #a%%ened during t#e Britis# invasi&n) It strated &n -e+e(ber .6, .982) -ieg& Si$ang %r&+$ai(ed t#e inde%enden+e &' #is %e&%$e and (ade !igan t#e +a%ita$ &' Free I$&+&s)
T#e Britis# invaders in Mani$a #eard &' Si$ang0s rev&$t) T#ey tried t& get #is #e$% in 'ig#ting t#eir ene(y, t#e S%aniards) But Si$ang as *i$$ed by an assassin &n May 2, .983) T#e S%aniards %aid #is 'riend, Migue$ !i+&s, t& s#&&t #i( at t#e ba+*) Si$ang died in t#e ar(s &' #is i'e Bagrie$a) A'ter #is deat#, #is i'e +&ntinued t#e rev&$t) Be+ause s#e &n (any batt$es, Gabrie$a Si$ang as +a$$ed @"&an &' Ar+ &' t#e I$&+&s)
But Gabrie$a as de'eated $ater) S#e as e1e+uted at !igan &n Se%te(ber ./, .983) T#is ended t#e Si$ang rev&$t in t#e I$&+&s) F,s F,stt Pa- Pa-a) a)ga ga Revo Revolt lt (/$ (/$/' /'.. T#e T#e abus abuses es &' t#e t#e S%an S%anis is# # en+& en+&(e (end nder er&s &s 4#&$ 4#&$de ders rs &' en+&(ienda5 started t#e 'irst rev&$t in Pa(%anga in .77) S&(e brave Pa(%ague& $eaders %$&tted it# t#e %e&%$e in Mani$a t& enter Intra(ur&s and *i$$ a$$ t#e S%anis# &''i+ia$s t#ere)
But t#e %$&t did n&t su++eed) A native Fi$i%ina #& as (arried t& a S%anis# s&$dier re%&rted it t& t#e S%anis# aut#&rities) T#e (aster(inds ere arrested and e1e+uted) T#is %ut an end t& t#e %$an t& stage a rev&$t) Revolt Aga)st the T,0ute (/$&'. One &' t#e ear$iest rev&$ts against t#e tribute 4residen+e ta15 started in Cagayan and I$&+&s in .7<) In t#at year, t#e Fi$i%in&s #ere rev&$ted be+ause &' t#e abuses &' t#e tribute +&$$e+t&rs) T#ey *i$$ed (any S%aniards) ?&ever, t#e S%anis# g&vern&r, Santiag& de !era, %a+i'ied t#e rebe$ %atri&ts) %atri&ts) ?e %ard&ned (any &' t#e( t#e( and i(%r&ved t#e ta1 syste() syste() Su-u,oy’s Revolt (*"& # /1' ) In .86< t#e !isayan a$+a$des (ay&r &rdered t& send t#e( t& &r* in t#e Cavite nava$ s#i%yards) T#e !isayan (en #ated t#is &rder and did n&t $i*e t& $eave t#eir #&(es and t#eir 'a(i$ies)
Su(ur&y, a native &' Pa$a%ag, Sa(ar, $ed t#e( in an ar(ed rev&$t) On t#e nig#t &' "une ., .86<, #e and #is (en *i$$ed t#eir %aris# %riest) In t#&se days, t#e S%anis# %riest as rea$$y $i*e t#e g&vern(ent) S&&n, t#e rebe$$i&n s%read t& &t#er t&ns in Sa(ar, +ebu, Masbate, Ca(iguin, Ca (iguin, A$bay, A$bay, N&rt#ern Mindana& and a(b&anga) Li*e Su(ur&y and #is (en, t#e rebe$s in t#is areas #ated t#e syste( &' %&$e 4'&r+ed $ab&r5) Su(ur&y and #is (en set u% a 'ree g&vern(ent in t#e (&untains &' Sa(ar) It t&&* t#e S%anis# ru$ers ab&ut a year t& de'eat #i() On a st&r(y nig#t in "u$y, .87/) T#ey t&&* it a'ter a b$&&dy batt$e) Su(ur&y as +aug#t a$ive and e1e+uted as a %unis#(ent '&r #is rev&$t) Ag,a,a) Revolt (!"/ 2 "*'. Beteen .967 t& .968) Fi$i%in& $and&ners in t#e '&ur %r&vin+es &' Batangas, Bu$a+an, Cavite and Laguna rev&$ted against t#e S%anis# ru$e) T#eir rev&$t as due t& t#e $and grabbing by S%aniards #& t&&* &ver t#eir an+estra$ $ands)
T#e 'irst s%ar* &' t#e rev&$t as at Lian and Nasugbu in Batangas) T#e Fi$i%in&s in t#ese t&ns de(anded and return &' t#eir $ands &++u%ied by t#e S%anis# %riests) T#e Fi$iin&s burned t#e $&+a$ +#ur+#es, $&&ted and +&nvents, and ruined t#e ran+#es &' t#e %riests) S&&n, nearby t&ns and %r&vin+es a$s& sy(%at#iDed it# t#e rev&$t) G&vern(ent tr&&%s ere sent t& %ut d&n t#e rebe$s) A'ter s&(e batt$es, t#e $eaders ere s#&t &r e1i$ed) T#e &t#er (en ere %ard&ned a'ter t#ey surrendered) surrendered) T#e s+anda$ be#ind t#e rev&$t as investigated by S%anis# &''i+ia$s) It ent a$$ t#e ay t& t#e S%nais# Eing) Eing P#i$i% I! &rdered t#e S%anis# %riests t& return t#e st&$en $and t& t#e Fi$i%in&s) But t#e S%anis# %riests a%%ea$ed t#e +ase and $ater &n) S& t#ey did n&t return t#e $ands &' t#e Fi$i%in&s a'ter a$$) Mu+# $ater, during t#e A(eri+an era, t#e A(eri+an aut#&rities b&ug#t t#e 'riar $ands &ned by re$igi&us &rders) T#en t#e $and ere subdivided int& s(a$$er $&ts and s&$d t& Fi$i%in& 'ar(ers) The 3as Revolt ($1!'. T#is as a (&st unusua$ rev&$t in P#i$i%%in #ist&ry) It as a$$ ab&ut t#e $&ve '&r a #&(e(ade ine 'r&( sugar+ane +a$$ed basi)
In .98 t#e S%anis# g&vern(ent t&&* &ver t#e (a*ing and sa$e &' ine) T#ey banned %e&%$e 'r&( (a*ing #&(e(ade ine) T#e %e&%$e &' I$&+&s #ated t#is &rder be+ause t#ey ere n&r '&r+ed t& buy t#e ine 'r&( g&vern(ent st&res) Be'&re, t#ey (ade t#eir &n basi at #&(e) It is t&& bad &' +&urse t#at t#ey +&u$d n&t st&% drin*ing ine) On Se%te(ber .8, ./9 t#e I$&+an&s &' Piddig, I$&+&s N&rte, r&se in ar(ed rev&$t) T#e rev&$t, s%read t& nearby t&ns and b$&&dy 'ig#ting +&ntinued '&r ee*s) Fina$$y, &n Se%te(ber 2, ./9 t#e
rebe$s ere de'eated by su%eri&r S%anis# %&er) T#e I$&+&s basi rev&$t as &ver) Many $ives ere un'&rtunate$y $&st, a$$ be+ause &' t#e $&ve '&r drin*ing ine) The Relgous Revolt of 4e,-a)o Pule5 ($"1 # "'. T#is as t#e rev&$t '&r re$igi&us 'reed&( in t#e Taga$&g %r&vin+es in .6/ ; 6.) It as $ed by A%&$inari& de$a CruD, %&%u$ar$y *n&n as @#er(an& Pu$e, &' Barri& Panda*, Lu*ban, Tayabas Tayabas 4ueD&n5)
A%&$inari& started #is &n re$igi&n in Lu+ban in "une .6/) It as +a$$ed t#e C&n'radia de San "&se 4C&n'raternity &' St) "&se%#5) T#ey #ad t#eir &n ritua$s, %rayers and $eaders es%e+ia$$y suited '&r Fi$i%in&s) But t#e S%anis# &''i+ia$s did n&t a$$& any &t#er re$igi&n nut Cat#&$i+ &ne) S& t#ey banned ?er(an& Pu$e0s ne re$igi&n) T#&usands &' Fi$i%in&s in Tayabas, Batangas, Laguna and Mani$a #ad a$ready &ined it) T#ey be+a(e 'anati+a$ ab&ut t#eir ne +u$t) S& t#e S%anis# &''i+ia$ sent g&vern(ent tr&&%s t& brea* u% t#e gr&u%, ?er(an& Pu$e and #is '&$$&ers t&&* u% ar(s t& %r&te+t t#e(se$ves) A'ter (any b$&&dy 'ig#ts, t#ey (ade t#eir $ast stand at t#e a$ita&, near Mt) Crist&ba$, in O+t&ber .6.) T#e g&vern(ent tr&&%s atta+*ed atta+*ed t#eir +a(% and *i$$ed (any '&$$&ers, '&$$&ers, in+$uding in+$uding #e$%$ess #e$%$ess &$d '&$*s, &(en and +#i$dren) +#i$dren) ?er(an& Pu$e as e1e+uted in Tayabas Tayabas &n N&ve(ber 6, .6.) But t#is as n&t t#e end &' t#e st&ry) T#ey S%anis# atr&+ities +aused a big s+anda$ in Mani$a and S%ain) Many Fi$i%in& s&$diers in t#e S%anis# Ar(y0s Tayabas Regi(ent at Ma$ate #ad re$atives *i$$ed in t#e (assa+re) T#ey se+ret$y %$anned t& ta*e revenge &n t#e #ated S%aniards) S%aniards) On "anuary 2/, .63, t#e Tayabas regi(ent at Ma$ate r&se in (utiny) T#ey ere $ed by Sergeant Irine& Sa(anieg&) -ra(ati+a$$y, t#ey +a%tured F&rt Santiag& in Intra(ur&s) But &n t#e ne1t day, severa$ Fi$i%in& s&$diers $&ya$ t& S%ain &%ened t#e gates &' F&rt Santiag&) T#e $&ya$ist tr&&%s &utside ere ab$e t& rus# in and de'eat t#e rebe$s a'ter a b$&&dy +&(bat) Sgt) Sa(anieg& and . &' #is '&$$&ers ere s#&t at t#e Luneta at sunset &' t#e sa(e day, "anuary 2., .63) 6hy the Revolt Revoltss Fale7 Fale7.. T#e ear$y rev&$ts by t#e Fi$i%in&s against t#e S%anis# ru$e 'ai$ed be+ause &' t& reas&ns: reas&ns:
4.5 T#e Fi$i%in Fi$i%in&s &s ere ere n&t n&t united united)) Instea Instead d &' #e$%in #e$%ing g ea+# ea+# &t#er &t#er t& &ust t#e S%aniar S%aniards ds,, t#e Fi$i%in&s '&ug#t ea+# &t#er) 425 T#ere T#ere ere ere n& nati& nati&na na$$ $eader $eaderss #& #& united united t#e %e&%$e %e&%$e)) T#e $eaders $eaders &' t#ese t#ese rev&$t rev&$tss #ad in'$uen+e &n$y in s(a$$ area>s&(e t&ns, a 'e %r&vin+es, &r s&(e is$ands) T#ere ere n& G&(>Bur>a, RiDa$, B&ni'a+i&, &r Aguina$d& t#en) T#ese nati&na$ $eaders &n$y +a(e in t#e .
