QUESTION Can you list me the interfaces of a GSM networ! Can you list me the networ elements of a GSM networ! What is the IMSI! What is the TMSI! When $o you use IMSI an$ when TMSI! &ow many MS can you +a,e with * +a,in, messa,e $one w. IMSI! &ow many MS can you +a,e with * +a,in, messa,e $one w. TIMSI! -a,in, metho$! Can you chan,e this metho$ w. %SS +arameters! Name some of the CC& channels
ANSWER Air" Air" A#is" A#is" Ater" Ater" A" A" G#" Gi" Gn" Gn" G$" Gr" Gr" Gs MS" %TS" %SC" MSC" SGSN" GGSN"%G"&'R"EIR"AUC"CG"'IG Uni(ue I$entifier for a SIM)* MS can #e +a,e$ with a sin,le -AGING messa,e TMSI in a 'ocation Area) Shorter so you can +a,e more MS Authentication" #ut #asically we care care a#out it for +a,in,) +a,in,) -a,in, messa,e always contains IMSI / 0 Either IMSI an$ . or TMSI 1 you can chan,e the metho$ #y NSS +arameters RAC&" AGC&" AGC&" -C& 1 there is also NC& #ut it is not use$ 1
Which are the feature we ha2e in 33333 in or$er to chan,e the CCC& #eha2iour!
4efault -C& has always +riority o2er AGC&) Anyway Anyway you can reser2e a certain num#er of #locs of AGC&) &owe2er" if AGC& 56" AGC& has +riority o2er -C&
Which are the CCC& in U' an$ which are in 4'!
U' 5 RAC& 4' 5 AGC&" -C&" 7NC&8
4e$icate$ Channels in GSM
9ACC&" SACC&" S4CC&" TC&
%roa$cast Channels in GSM
%CC&" 9C&" C%C&" SC&
Which is the $ifference #etween CONGESTION an$ %'OC:ING! &ow $o you measure CONGESTION in 33333! &ow $o you measure %'OC:ING in 33333! Which is the unit of measure for the #locin, measurement! Which is the measurement +erio$ for the con,estion measurement! Which is the measurement +erio$ for the traffic measurement!
Con,estion 5 all resources in use) %'OC:ING 5 %loce$ re(uests secon$s e2ents * e2ent *6 msec /6 sec
Which are the 33333 features to hel+ S4CC& con,estion not to #ecome S4CC& #locin,!
4ynamic S4CC&" 9ACC& Call Set U+
Which are the 33333 features to hel+ TC& #locin,!
&R 7E9R an$ AMR8" 4R" 4A4'% 7actually this one a2oi$s con,estion to ha++en as well as traffic reason han$o2er8" traffic reason &O 7MSC initiate$8" AM& 7traffic reason &O" %SC initiate$8
Which is the $ifference #etween 4A4'% an$ 4R!
4R is tri,,ere$ when there is actual con,estion in the TC&s) 4A4'% is tri,,ere$ when the loa$ of the %TS is a#o2e a certain threshol$ $efine$ as a +arameter)
Which ty+e of &O is tri,,ere$ w. 4R! Is 4R hel+ful for S4CC& or TC& con,estion!
S4CC& 3 TC& &O TC& Con,estion
There are / timers an$ * threshol$ you nee$ to $efine when you acti2ate 4R 1 can you tell me which are these +arameters an$ what are these for!
Min Time 5 Time in or$er to i$entify nei,h#ours) Ma; Time 5 ma; time to try &O) 'e2el Threshol$ 5 Minimum Threshol$ of the nei,h#ours in or$er to try S4CC&3TC& &O
Which are the $ifferences #etween 4R 7$irecte$ Retry8 an$ I4R 7Intelli,ent 4irecte$ Retry8!
%asically I4R is an im+ro2ement of 4R an$ it taes into account the Source Call Ty+e" Tar,et Cell Ty+e an$ Su#scri#er ty+e 1 anyway it is ne2er use$ 1
Which are the 4R +arameters you nee$ to set!
Threshol$ 'e2el Min time 4R Ma; Time 4R
Can you #riefly e;+lain to me the %SC INITIATE4 TRA99IC &O!
%asically when the %TS loa$ is a#o2e the loa$ $efine$ #y a +arameter 7in AM& feature
What ha++en in a networ if there are le,acy MS that $on
They >ust use C* 7it ha++ens all the time in Euro+e8
Why $o you want to use C/!
Microcell an$ to #ias a layer 7it ha++ens in CINGU'AR for ?@6 in or$er to ha2e $ual #an$ MS which are E4GE ca+a#le only on ?@68
Can you mae +ractical e;am+les of C/ usa,e! What
traffic mana,ement in $ual#an$" microcell Cell Selection is when you switch on the MS) Cell ReSelection when it is alrea$y on
What are the 0 criteria of the suita#le cells for MS to cam+ on
3 MS is a#le to rea$ %CC& 3 MS is allowe$ to re,ister to the -'MN an$ 'A 3 the cell is not #arre$ 3 si,nal le2el is hi,her than threshol$ 7C* 68
What What is is the the TIMI TIMING NG A4B A4BANCE ANCE! !
Meas Measur ure e $ist $istan ance ce MS MS 3%TS 3%TS w. w. reso resolu luti tion on of of @@6 @@6 mete meters rs
&ow &ow lon, lon, is it in time time an$ an$ in in s+a s+ace ce! !
*./ *./ #it #it wher where e the the #it #it rate rate is /6# /6#+s +s D @@6 @@6 mete meters rs
Who calculates it!
%SC.%TS an$ sen$s #ac to the MS
&ow is it calculate$!
RAC& $elay
&ow can you collect TA statistics in the 33333 OSS! Can you mo$ify the settin, of the TA stats in the 33333 OSS! Why $o we nee$ to use timin, a$2ance
There is the ta#le 1 althou,h we ha2e only *6 #ins 1 not F 1 es" %SC le2el" ma;imum is *6 #ins %TS nee$s to now when MS si,nal is e;+ecte$ to arri2e to a2oi$ inter sym#ol interference
Ma; $istance you can ee+ a c all in GSM! 7what is the ma;imum 2alue of timin, a$2ance in normal GSM cell! An$ what $oes it e(ui2alent to! 8 Which networ element uses TA to tae certain $ecisions! MS or %TS! What is the e;ten$e$ cell feature!
F TA )) E(ui2alent to D F@ m
%asically MS sen$s its #ursts in a$2ance in or$er to ,et to the %TS in the win$ow e;+ecte$ 1 Alows to ha2e $ou#le ma;imum $istance MS 3 %TS 1 theoretically 6 m 1 +ractically @ m
Is it a2aila#le in 33333!
es 1
Which is the ca#inet . %SC you nee$ to ha2e in or$er to mae E;ten$e$ Cell wor!
Ultrasite will su++ort it in S**)@) Tal 9amily su++orts it since S
A$2anta,es an$ $isa$2anta,es of the MASTER3MASTER an$ MASTER3S'ABE confi,uration
%asically when you ha2e a MASTER" if this ,oes $own also the other ca#inet ,oes $own
4o you nee$ the Synch Ca#le #etween ca#inets in or$er to share the T*!
no
Which is the #est confi,uration for ca#inet synchroni=ation 7MASTER" S'ABE" IN4E-EN4ENT8 if you $on
in$e+en$ent
Why in$e+en$ent confi,uration is the #est!
%ecause $oesn
A$2anta,es an$ $isa$2anta,es of allocatin, *H66 ra$ios on one ca#inet an$ ?@6 on another ca#inet
%asically a hy#ri$ confi,uration is always an hea$ache for im+lementation
%riefly e;+lain 9U'' an$ SU% measurements in the Air I.9!
9U'' is when you $on
Are these stats always sent! %oth of them! &ow can the %SC un$erstan$ which one to use! If you +lot these stats what $o you notice!
es)" #oth all the the time There is a fla, that says if 4T is use$ or not Su# stats are more s+rea$" more stan$ar$ $e2iation
What ha++ens when you ena#le U' 4T . $isa#le U' 4T to your R;Quality!
R;Qual has more sam+les in 6 an$
&ow much of it is $ue to real interference!
Some is real interference #ut most is >ust statistical $istri#ution
Why you ha2e a $ifferent $istri#ution #etween SU% an$ 9U'' R;Qual sam+les! 7&INT 3 It is a statistical reason8
'ess sam+les 5 'ess relia#le 5 More $e2iation
What are %ER an$ %E-!
%it Error Rate an$ -ro#a#ility
Can you e;+lain what is N%'O measurement an$ how it is use$!
It is use$ in C%CC& an$ it measures the $ifference #etween %CC& an$ non3%CC& layer
Which is the main a$2anta,e of C%CC& Bs) Multi+le %CC&!
C%CC& a$2anta,e 5 Trunin, Gain J you can assi,n the call to the sla2e 7e),) other layer8 w. call assi,nment w.o usin, &O M%CC& a$2anta,e 5 Gi2e %CC& channel to #oth #an$s 1 es+ecially here in US where there are a lot of le,acy +hones in sin,le#an$ K *H66
Coul$ you +lease e;+lain the #asic si,nallin, of a Mo#ile Ori,inate$ Call Setu+!
RAC&" AGC&" S4CC&" TC& 1
Coul$ you +lease e;+lain the #asic si,nallin, of a Mo#ile Terminate$ Call Setu+!
-C&" RAC&" AGC&" S4CC&" TC& 1
What are the im+ortant GSM s+ecifications for ra$io +erformance! What is the channel s+acin, in GSM! What is the $u+le; fre(uency of GSm?@6 an$ GSM*H66! in GSM" What is the multi+le access an$ $u+le; use$! What is AR9CN! What $oes it mean! Is AR9CN 5 */6 in GSM?@6 or GSM*H66 #an$! &ow many AR9CN $o you ha2e in GSM?@6! &ow many AR9CN $o you ha2e in GSM*H66! Which is the num#er of frames in a SIGNA''ING C&ANNE'! Which is the num#er of frames in a TRA99IC C&ANNE'! What
F)//" 0 series es+) 0)6? L 0)6" @ series es+ @)6?" @)6@ /66 &= 0@ M&= for GSM?@6 an$ ?6 M&= for GSM*H66 94MA.T4MA with 944 A#solure Ra$io 9re(uency Channel Num#er) %asically it is the fre(uency in use) ?@6 ch */? 3/@* 7*/0 Ch8 Ch @*/ 3 ?** 7F66 ch8 @* / Electrical re$uces also si$e lo#es an$ #ac lo#es) -ut a si,nal w. $ifferent +hases which $eletes +art of the initial one creatin, smaller lo#es $%) The hi,her the fre(uency" the more the loss)
What is Slow fa$in,!
Also nown as sha$owin," cause$ #y lar,e o#structions such as hils" #uil$in, trees) %eha2iour is a slow chan,e in +ro+a,ation
What is 9ast fa$in,!
Also nown as multi+ath or Raylei,h) Cause$ #y constucti2e or $estructi2e interference as a result of reflections" multi+le +ro+a,ation +aths) 9a$es as $ee+ as F6 $% o2er $istances of half a wa2elen,th
In the slow mo2in, mo#ile en2ironment" what in$ of fa$in, has more im+act to si,nal!
9ast 9a$in,)
What is 4iffraction!
When the R9 si,nal is $istorte$ aroun$ an o#>ect) &a++ens to all EM wa2es" it seems as thou,h the wa2e #en$s aroun$ an o#>ect" therefore can +ro2i$e co2era,e #ehin$ an o#struction) &a++ens when there is no 'OS or the *st 9resnel =one is o#structe$) Commonly mo$elle$ as nife e$,e" either sin,le or $ou#le) E+stein3-etersein is a multi+le e$,e mo$el)
What is the effect of transmit fre(uency on 4iffraction!
None) 4iffraction is in$e+en$ent of fre(uency
What is the $ifference #etween Ser2ice an$ Co2era,e!
Co2era,e is +ro2i$e$ #y the si,nal +ro+a,atin, to an area) Ser2ice is usea#le co2era,e" affecte$ #y interference or GSM $istance constraints
What is the relationshi+ #etween Co2era,e an$ Interference!
Interference is unwante$ co2era,e) The same si,nal can #e #oth co2era,e or interference $e+en$in, on whether the si,nal is useful or not
What is the re(uire$ information from site sur2ey acti2ities! An$ what are their +ur+ose!
Site location 7'at" lon,8" Antenna confi,uration 7$i2ersity" &-%W" ,ain" ty+e8" Antenna line information 7fee$er len,th.loss" s+iltter" $i+le;er" M&A8" Roofto+ layout) This is use$ for lin #u$,e calc)" co2era,e +lannin, an$ +re$iction simulation" o+timi=ation analysis
Customer wants to ,i2e to 33333 a new ser2ice" co2era,e +lannin, of a new maret) ou nee$ to tell him which are the in+uts you nee$ in or$er to start your wor) -lease $o so 1 which are the in+uts you nee$ to as him for)
Co2era,e -oly,ons 7Rural" Su#Ur#an" Ur#an" 9reeway8 4ifferent R;'e2el for each +oly,on Co2era,e -ro#a#ility
What is the Co2era,e -ro#a#ility! ou ha2e normally / Co2era,e -ro#a#illity 1 which are their names!
Cell E$,e) Cell Area)
Which is a ty+ical Co2er,e -ro#a#ility you can use for co2era,e $imensionin, +ur+oses!
Cell Area Co2era,e -ro#a#ility D H6 is a ty+ical 2alue you can use an$ that you ha2e to +ut in the -ro+a,ation mo$el as an in+ut in or$er to ha2e the Cell Ran,e an$ from that the Cell Area)
The customer has ,i2en you the in+ut you ha2e re(ueste$ him 7-oly,ons" R;'e2" Co2era,e -ro#a#ility8 now you nee$ to $eci$e which are the tools you nee$ in or$er to ,i2e him an initial un$erstan$in, of how many sites he nee$s) -lease tell me which are the tools you nee$
*) ou nee$ to $eci$e the ty+e of e(ui+ment an$ confi,uration you want to ha2e) Normally this is a stan$ar$ one 7e),) U'TRASITE" w. 'NA" / TRs8 /) Calculate the 'IN: %A'ANCE for that s+ecific confi,uration) F) -ro+a,ation Mo$el 7e),) Oomura &ata8 correction factors 7e),) mean an$ stan$ar$$e2iation8
-ro#a#ly at this +oint you ha2e to $eci$e . as which is the ty+ical confi,uration you want in the sites 7omni" / sectors" F sectors8) W hich are the a$2anta,es . $isa$2anta,es of OMNI!
-RO OMNI 5 Trunin, Gain) Co2er +erfectly an Islan$ for e;am+le" from the to+ of a hill) CONS OMNI 5 -ainful when you nee$ to mae fre(uency +lan an$.or limit interference
-ro#a#ly at this +oint you ha2e to $eci$e . as which is the ty+ical confi,uration you want in the sites 7omni" / sectors" F sectors8) W hich are the a$2anta,es . $isa$2anta,es of / sectors!
-ro#a#ly you can use a / sector site when you ha2e a freeway in a rural area)
-ro#a#ly at this +oint you ha2e to $eci$e . as which is the ty+ical confi,uration you want in the sites 7omni" / sectors" F sectors8) W hich are the a$2anta,es . $isa$2anta,es of F sectors!
F sectors is +ro#a#ly the #est com#ination for co2era,e an$ fre(uency +lan an$ it ,i2es ,oo$ a#ility to control interference 7w. tilts8
Relate$ to the +re2ious (uestion 1 which is the #est confi,uration is you ha2e to co2er a freeway! An$ if you nee$ to co2er an Islan$! An$ if you nee$ to co2er a city!
City 5 F sectors) 9reeway 5 / sectors 7#ut only if aroun$ there is really nothin, else to co2er8) Islan$ 5 Omni wors >ust fine if you +ut it on the to+ of the hill
Once you ha2e $eci$e$ which is the sector confi,uration to use" how can you use the Cell Ran,e calculate$ w. the -ro+a,ation Mo$el correction factors in or$er to calculate how many sites to you nee$!
ou use the ty+ical he;a,on mo$el) With that you now how many sites you nee$ in or$er to co2er you +oly,on)
What is the relationshi+ of W" $% an$ $%m!
*6Plo, 7W8 5 $%W" *6Plo,7W.*666mW8 5 $%m" *6 lo, 7-ower. Reference8 5 $% or /6 lo, 7Bolta,e . Reference8
*6 $% J *0
%$/0
%$*6 $%m J *0
%$/0 $%m
*6 $%m J *0 $%m
In or$er to $o it you nee$ to con2ert the $%m to Watt" sum the Watts an$ ,o #ac to $%m 1 in this case the results is *@)0@@ $%m
Is the followin, statement correct! Oumura &ata mo$el use$ in GSM?@6 is the same as GSM*H66)
9alse) The A an$ % coefficient use$ in O& mo$el is $ifferent if fre(uency #elow *666 M&= an$ a#o2e*@66M&=) %esi$es" the area correction factor is $ifferent #etween the / fre(uency
What is the +ossi#le way to im+ro2e lin #u$,et!
%TS ty+e 7R; sensiti2ity an$ T; -ower8" Antenna ,ain" fee$er len,th an$ ty+es 7site +lannin,8" usin, M&A an$ $i2ersity 7im+ro2e R;8" usin, %ooster 7im+ro2e T;8
Sensiti2ity an$ TR out+ut +ower for 33333 METROSITE!
3**/ to 3**@ $%m" @W TR
Sensiti2ity an$ TR out+ut +ower for 33333 U'TRASITE!
3**@ ty+ical 73**/ to 3**? $%m8" 0F$%m 7,uarantee$ D minimum on *66 +ro$uction8 0$%m TR 7nominal D on H6 of +ro$uction8
&ow $oes the lin #u$,et im+act to num#er of the sites re(uire$ in an area!
With the ma;imum allow +athloss from lin #u$,et with consi$eration of '-" ST4" Slow fa$in, mar,in an$ +ro+a,ation mo$el " it is use$ for $efinin, the cell ran,e) If the +athloss is #i,,er" the cell ran,e coul$ #e hi,her an$ the num#er of sites re(uire will #e re$uce$)
-lease list F metho$s of ca+acity enhancement an$ their +ros L cons
cell.site s+littin, co2era,e enhancement #ut more cost to har$ware L limitation of fre(uency more TR easy #ut nee$ fre(uency micro cell layer more easy to control interference #ut more site re(uire $ual#an$ a$$itional s+ectrum re(uire$" minimi=e im+act to e;istin, #an$ co2era,e.ca+acity" soft ca+acity features ho++in," IUO" 49CA" AMR" 4T #etter cell +lannin, Lo+timi=ation for #etter interference control)
&ow $oes 'NA im+ro2e the sensiti2ity!
%asically the 'NA is hel+in, to im+ro2e the effecti2e noise fi,ure of the recei2in, +ath which then re$uces the R; Sensiti2ity of recei2in, +ath) The sim+le way to $o is the com+ensation of fee$er loss 7#ut not more than 'NA ,ain8) &owe2er" the calculation ha2e to #e calculate$ on the effecti2e noise fi,ure an$ effecti2e ,ain of the recei2in, +ath)
INTE''IGENT 4OWN'IN: 4IBERSIT!
I44 is #asically a 4' #ooster) The way it wors is #asically +uttin, to,ether the si,nals of / TRs with the same si,nal #ut w. a $ifferent +hase) The ,ain is D F $%)
What is the +ro#lems with hi,hrise #uil$in,s!
lac of co2era,e as the antennas are lower $own) Increase$ interference from 'OS to many sites)
What is trunin, ,ain!
TRUN:ING GAIN IS T&E GAIN T&AT OU &ABE W&EN OU &ABE 'ESS ENTR -OINT TO T&E RESOURCES 7e),) * line in front of the *6 air+ort chec3in counters wors much #etter than *6 lines in front of the same *6 air+ort chec3in counters8 1
what $oes * Erlan, mean!
One channel use$ for F66 secon$s in * h D *66 utili=ation of a resource 7TC& or -4C& in GSM8
Customer is com+lainin, that w. *TR he can ser2e only F Erlan, an$ has *6 #locin, while we ha2e tol$ him that accor$in, to the Erlan, % ta#le we shoul$ #e a#le to ser2e F Erl w. / #locin,) What is ha++enin,!
%asically the traffic is not a++roachin, the %TS w. a -oisson $istri#ution 7which is the assum+tion that is the #ase of the Erlan, % mo$el8
What is the Erlan, C ta#le!
It is a mo$el which taes into account (ueuin,
If we ha2e QUEUING acti2e $o we nee$ to use the Erlan, C ta#le! Why! Is the Erlan, % ta#le the ri,ht mo$el to use in case of AMR 9R . &R! * TR w. / #locin, 1 accor$in, to the Erlan, % ta#le how many Erlan, can I ser2e!
No 1 #ecause (ueue is not infinite 1 NO D F Erl
What is the out+ut from lin #u$,et! Which is a ty+ical -ath'oss you can ha2e in a GSM connection! 4o we use $ifferent 'IN: %U4GET for $ifferent ty+e of en2ironments!
Ma;imum allowe$ +athloss 7U' an$ 4'8 D *@6 $% No" ma;imum allowe$ +ath loss is not en2ironment $e+en$ent) It is ser2ice $e+en$ent thou,h
What is the +ur+ose of a ra$io +lannin, tool!
To mo$el the networ) Allows the +lanner to see the effect of main, chan,es to the networ so the #est solution can #e chosen an$ im+lemente$) Can also #e use$ to store all the site $ata)
&ow can you ensure the +lannin, tool is as accurate as +ossi#le!
9irst start with accurate clutter" 4TM an$ #uil$in, $ata) Ne;t cali#rate the mo$el correctly) All site $ata must #e correct) This will ,i2e the +ro+a,ation mo$el of the networ)
What ,eneral +ower law $o +ro+a,ation mo$els follow! Name two metho$s of +ro+a,ation mo$ellin, Name two statistical mo$els commonly use$
Statistical an$ 4eterministic 7Ray tracin," 2irtual source8
&ow $o you cali#rate a statistical +ro+a,ation mo$el!
Collect CW 7not TEMS" noise floor isn
What are the main MM' families in mani+ulatin, ra$io o#>ects!
EA A$>acency" EE %SC" EQ %TS" ER TR" E& &OC" EU -OC
&ow $o you list current alarms for a %TS!
EO'
What $oes the initial stan$ for in an MM' comman$!
It maes MM' inter+ret the comman$ from the main le2el" e2en if you are insi$e another family
What is the a2aila#le tool for OSS $ata collection in 33333!
TANO" N4W" EOS9'E
Name two $ri2e test tools What $ri2e test e(ui+ment is nee$e$ for +erformance $ata collection! What ty+e of measurements shoul$ #e use$ for mo$el cali#ration!
TEMS" NEMO7TOM8 'o,,in, tool" / +hones 7one short call" one lon,8" G-S" scanner" ma+" +ower su++ly for all Continuous Wa2e 7CW8" Greater $ynamic ran,e an$ lower noise floor
Name some +rotocol analysers for monitorin, the A#is" A or Gn interfaces
Nethaw" :*/*@" A,ilent
What is co3channel interference
When a cell is #ein, interfere$ with #y another cell with the same carrier fre(uency
F)@ +ower law 70th +ower law ,oo$ enou,h8
Oumra3&ata 7General +ro+a,ation8 an$ Walfisch3 Ie,ami 7canyon lie en2ironment8
What is the GSM re>ection ratio for co3channel interference!
H
%$What is a$>acent channel interference!
When a cell is #ein, interfere$ with #y another cell with a carrier fre(uency which is se+erate$ #y /66&= for the *st a$>acent interferer" 066&= for the /n$ a$>acent interferer" etc)
What is the GSM re>ection ratio for the first a$>acent channel interference!
3H $% 73*? $% for the secon$ a$>acent interferer8
What is fre(uency reuse 0.*/ !
There are */ fre(uency ch reuse on the 0;F3sector sites)
When +lannin, a fre(uency what is the channel se+aration re(uire$ for the TR in the same cell!
F ch) 766 &=8 for GSM?@6 an$ 0 ch 7?66 &=8 for GSM*H66
When +lannin, a fre(uency what is the channel se+aration re(uire$ for the TR in the same site!
066 &=
what is the $ifferent #etween ho++in, scheme *.*" F.F" *.F!
*.* there is * MA list an$ reuse on e2ery cells F.F there are F MA list an$ each site 7F sectors8 usin, same MA list an$ reuse e2ery F sites *.F there are F MA list an$ each cells in same site usin, $ifferent MA list) An$ reuse same +attern for e2ery site)
What is the factor to $etermine which ho++in, scheme a#o2e to #e use$!
Num#er of TR 7too small num#er of TR cannot ,ain much from %% ho++in,8 an$ com#iner ty+e) 7RTC is only can use %% ho++in,8
4o we nee$ to +lan MAIO Ste+" MA 'ist" MAIO Offset an$ &SN when use %% ho++in,!
There is no nee$ to +lan f or MAIO an$ MAIO offset in %% ho++in,) &owe2er" &SN is re(uire$)
4o we nee$ to +lan MAIO Ste+" MA 'ist" MAIO Offset an$ &SN when use R9 ho++in,!
yes" all of them) MA list is re(uire$ to +lan to ensure that there is no fre(uency collision within the site) &SN shoul$ #e same for all sectors in the sites)
4o you ha2e MA' only w. R9 ho++in, or also w. %% ho++in,! Which is the main $ifference #etween R9 an$ %% ho++in,!
R9 5 TR chan,es AR9CN) %% 5 Call mo2es from * RTS' to an other 7in an other TR8
What is a MA'!
Mo#ile Alloction 'ist) It is use$ for R9 &O--ING
&ow many MA' can you $efine in a 33333 %SC!
*/?
Which are the +arameters you nee$ t $efine in the %TS when you want to use a MA'!
&SN" Maio Ste+" MAIO Offset"ho++in, mo$e" MAlist
Why $o we use 9re(uency &o++in,! 7I mean which are the a$2anta,es of fre(uency ho++in,8
ou ha2e / a$2anta,es w.fre(uency ho++in, 1 9REQUENC 4IBERSIT 79A4ING8 an$ INTER9ERENCE 4IBERSIT
Which is the ty+e of fa$in, you are a#le to #eat when you use &O--ING!
9ast 9a$in,
only with R9 ho++in,
ou ha2e a %TS w. F ho++in, TRs an$ a MA' w. F AR9CN 1 once you try to unloc the the site the %SC ,a2es you a 4 error sayin, that you $on
%asically the sum of MAIO O99SET an$ MAIO STE-S e;cee$s the num#er of AR9CN in the MA' 1 it is in$ee$ a silly +ro#lem #ut you nee$ to no w it) Su,,estion is to ee+ MAIO O99SET 5 6 an$ MAIO STE- 5* in such a case 7where +ro#a#ly you are usin, a$ &OC ho++in,8
&ow many &SN $o we ha2e!
0 76 1 F8
Is this a GSM stan$ar$ or $o you now if 33333 has any +lan to increase this num#er!
No) it can
&ow $oes &SN 5 6 wors!
se(uential ho++in, 7others are +sue$o3ran$om8
4o you now which are the #asics of the al,orithm use$ from &SN!
Uses the +arameters you set 7MAIOs8 an$ 9N which is somethin, you can
&ow many &SN $o I nee$ to $efine for each %TS in R9 &O--ING! &ow many &SN $o I nee$ to $efine for each %TS in %% &O--ING!
* /
What is E9'!
Effecti2e 9re(uency 'oa$) A way of measurin, s+ectral efficiency with a ho++in, system) 9ormula erls.7fre(Pa2e7TC&.TR88
What is s+ectral efficiency!
A way of measurin, how effecti2ely the s+ectrum is #ein, use$) The more traffic carrie$ with less s+ectrum the more efficient the use) 9ormula erls.M&=.Cell
Is the followin, statement correct! Why! It is ,oo$ enou,h to use R9 ho++in, reuse *.* with MA list len,th *@ in the area with JJ %TS)
No" #ecause it is all fre(uencies are use$ all the time which coul$ create the hi,h interference le2el es+) if the site +lannin, 7$ominant area8 is not ,oo$ enou,h)
When customer want to #uil$ GSM*H66 on GSM?@6 site or 2ise 2ersa" what are the thin,s that you woul$ lie to su,,est him to chec an$ what is the issue #ehin$ that! 7not +arameters8
9re(uency use 7intereference an$ intermo$ulation #etween / #an$s8 antenna solution 7Isolation re(uirement an$ area s+acin,8
When can you ha2e +a,in, thru the G# I.f instea$ of the A I.f! What
Gs interface is necessary Can +a,e a MS in $ata session
4oes the A#is I.f si=e chan,e the +a,in, ca+a#ility!
es 1 if the 'A is #i,,er you nee$ to +a,e more MS" so all these messa,es nee$ to ,o thru the A#is 1 so you nee$ a #i,,er A#is
&ow many MS can you +a,in, messa,es can you sen$ in * hour w. *#+s TRSi,!
*66"666 +a,in, messa,es 1 /66"666 MS if you use IMSI or 066"666 MS if you use TMSI
&ow many MS can you +a,in, messa,es can you sen$ in * hour w. 0#+s TRSi,!
066"666 +a,in, messa,es 1
Which is a +arameter you can chan,e in or$er to re$uce the +ro#a#ility that a MS that went out of co2era,e will #e +a,e$!
-erio$ic 'ocation U+$ate 1 you nee$ to re$uce it 1
Why $o we nee$ %SIC in GSM!
I$entify nei,h#our 1 cou+le %CC&" %SIC mae you i$entify the nei,h#our
&ow many #its are the %SIC!
Which are the / com+onents of the %SIC!
NCC" %CC
Which is the relation #etween %CC an$ TSC!
They shoul$ #e the same in the %CC& TR" not in all the TRs 1 NO:IA #y $efault is usi, the same #ut it is not man$atory in GSM)
Can we ha2e TSC %CC in 33333! Since when! 4o you now if CINGU'AR has it acti2ate$! 7$o we ha2e any features that coul$ allow TSC %CC!8
es" we ha2e a S*6 feature a#out it) CINGU'AR $oesn
Which is the the reason to ha2e TSC %CC! Which is the relationshi+ #etween NCC an$ -'MN!
%etter &O SUCCESS RATE 1 #ut #asically it $oesn
Why $o we nee$ TSC 7Trainin, Seu(ence Co$e8 in GSM!
This is for the MS an$ %TS to learn the interference) %asically the MS is e;+ectin, a certain TSC #ut recei2es an other if there is intereference) The $ifference #etween the e;+ecte$ an$ the measure$ one is use$ in or$er to reconstruct the rest of the #its of the #urst)
Which is a recommen$e$ si=e for the 'A in 33333!
4e+en$s from A#is 'A-4 si=e 1 *3/ %SC wors fine w. *#+s
Can you ha2e smaller 'A!
ES
Can you ha2e #i,,er 'A!
ES
Can you ha2e a 'A across / $ifferent MSC!
NO
Why $o you nee$ the 'A in GSM!
-a,in, reasons
Can you ha2e a 'A across more than * %SC!
es
Which is the tra$e off in the 'A si=e!
-a,in, an$ S4CC& traffic
Which are the :-I you nee$ to monitor when you are mo$ifyin, the 'A si=e!
S4CC&" -a,in, Success Rate" con,estion in A#is an$ Air for 'A-4 an$ CCC&
4oes roamin, traffic affectin, the 'A si=e!
No
Which are the +arameters you can chan,e in or$er to mae har$er or easier 'A u+$ate!
Cell Reselection &ysteresis
What is the -'MN +ermitte$ +arameter! Is -'MN +ermitte$ +arameter the same as -'MN i$!
It $efines to which -'MNs the MS is +ermitte$ to re+ort measurement results) No)
What +arameters nee$ to #e set as the e(ual to or su#set of -'MN +ermitte$!
NCC +art of the %SICs)
If it is not set" what will ha++en!
MS is not +ossi#le to measure the cells e),) no &O)
Where really $o you nee$ this +arameter! 4o you now which is the -'MN settin, use$ in CINGU'AR!
National %or$ers All of them
Can you use TRA99ICA tool in the CINGU'AR networ! %lue! Oran,e! Why!
Only if you ha2e our core 1 means Oran,e
If you increase the 'A si=e $o you e;+ect an increase in the A I.f traffic!
NO
If you increase the 'A si=e $o you e;+ect an increase in the A#is I.f traffic!
ES
If you increase the 'A si=e $o you e;+ect an increase in the Air I.f traffic!
ES
What $o you use the 9ACC& for in U' an$ 4'! What $o you use the SACC& for in U' an$ 4'! &ow many S4CC& can you +ut in * RTS'!
System Info 74'8" Measurements 7U'8" SMS $urin, a call
Which is the $ifference #etween COM%INE4 an$ SE-ARATE4 si,nallin,!
com#ine$ 5 CCC& J 0S4CC&V se+arate$ 5 CCC& an$ S4CC& are in $ifferent RTS'
Which channels ha2e no +ower control!
%CC&" S4CC&" G-RS TS'74'8
Measurement re+ort is sent to %SC e2ery +erio$ of which channel an$ how lon, $oes it e(ui2alent to!
SACC& 5 0?6 ms
What is the $ifferent #etween sync an$ non3sync &O! An$ in which case it will ha++en! An$ what +arameter is use$ to $efine this!
in non3sync &O" there is +hysical information is re(uire for MS to +erform &O) The information contains TA information an$ it re(uires when the cell &O to $ifferent %C9 cell) The +arameter is in each A4 +air SNC
is followin, statement correct! There is no +ro#lem if the nei,h#or list contains the same %CC& an$ same %SIC from $ifferent cells as lon, as the / nei,h#our are far away an$ not interfere to each other)
9alse) MS re+ort only %CC& an$ %SIC to %SC" therefore %SC will not #e a#le to $ifferentiate which A4 is the ri,ht one an$ that coul$ cause &O failure an$ e2entually call $ro+
&O" CA'' SETU- if you ha2e the feature
?
What is the N;.-; +arameters in han$o2er +arameters $efine$! An$ what is the im+act on settin, lar,e num#er of N;.-;!
N; is the total num#er of sam+le in the e2aluation) -; is the num#er of sam+les within N; that #elow or a#o2e threshol$) The lar,e num#er coul$ lea$ to the lon,er time for &O $ecision main,
What
&O Attem+t is #efore the chec if tar,et has a2aila#le RTS') &O Comman$ is after) There are more &O attem+ts than &O comman$s
Which is the *st thin, you shoul$ chec in the formula when the customer is tellin, yu he has a 2ery hi,h &O failure rate!
If counts &O attem+ts 1
-lease name @ ty+es of &O reasons
*8 Interference 7u+lin or $ownlin8 /8 U+lin (uality F8 4ownlin (uality 08 U+lin le2el @8 4ownlin le2el 8 4istance #etween MS an$ %TS 8 Turn aroun$ corner MS 7s+ecial case of ra+i$ fiel$ $ro+8 ?8 Any other ra+i$ fiel$ $ro+ H8 9ast . slow mo2in, MS 7s+ecial case of um#rella han$o2er8 *68 Any other um#rella or +ower #u$,et han$o2er **8 traffic reason ho
What is the 0 criteria in ranin, the A4 for &O can$i$ate!
*8 A$>acent Cell 'oa$ Threshol$ Can #e chece$ only for cells #elon,in, to the same %SC as the ser2in, one /8 A$>acent Cell -riority F8 O2erloa$e$ Cell 3 Re$uction of -riority 08 R le2el 7if same +riority8
What is ty+ical 2alue use for -%GT &O mar,in!
%$What are the F +arameters in %SS that nee$ to chan,e to mae sure that $ual#an$ is worin,!
$ual%an$Cell in$icates cell as $ual #an$ cell multiCell%an$Re+ortin, 6))F num#er of a$>acent $ual #an$ cells taen into account for measurement re+ort earlySen$in,In$ication ena#les MS to sen$ classmar F messa,e as early as +ossi#le
What is the im+act of settin, hi,her num#er of mulitcell%an$re+ortin,!
it re$uces the amount of same #an$ re+ortin,) Normally there are only cells re+ort from MS) 4e$uctin, #y M%R" the rest will #e use$ for same #an$)
What feature coul$ #e use$ to hel+ the situation!
EMR
What is the R'T +arameter!
R'T 5 Ra$io 'in timeout)
&ow $oes R'T wors!
It is #oth in U' an$ in 4') S+eain, a#out U' 1 if the %TS $oesn
&ow many R'T $o we ha2e in 33333! U' . 4' . AMR 9R . AMR &R!
In NO:IA we ha2e only one R'T 1
Why shoul$ we ha2e $ifferent R'T for AMR 9R an$ AMR &R an$ E9R!
%ecause the C.I +rotection in 2ery $ifferent 1 so the R'T shoul$ tae into account #efore $ro++in, a call 1
What $oes E9R mean!
E9R 5 Enhance$ 9ull Rate
What is 9AST ABERAGING!
It is a way to s+ee$ u+ the -ower Control J &O $ecisions #ecause you $on
We ha2e a WEIG&TING +arameter in &OC" -OC 1 what is this for!
It is use$ to o2erwei,ht if you want8 the 9U'' measurements rather than the SU% measurements
&ow many +arameters $o you ha2e for 9AST ABERAGING! 7at what call +hase 9ast A2era,in, can #e a++lie$!8
F 1 after Call Set U+" After -C" After &O
Why $o we ha2e the conce+t of -RIORIT in the &O!
%ecause #ase$ on the measurements we can tae after the same SACC& $ifferent &O $ecisions an$ you want to ,i2e to certain &O more +riority 7e),) Quality &O shoul$ ha2e hi,her +riority o2er -%GT &O #ecause the +ro#lem is more ur,ent 1 an$ the way you choose the nei,h#ours for the $ifferent &O ty+es are $ifferent8
What is a C'EAR CO4E!
4 Cause w. failure
What is a 4 CAUSE! Why this funny name!
Internal Cause in %SC) %ecause of 4 architecture of%SC an$ MSC
After acti2ation of 4ou#le %A list the sector $oesn
Nei,h#our %CC&s are not in the list
where to fin$ information a#out 33333 counter an$ :-I!
*8 NE4 /8 um+ +a,e) F8 4ata#ase 4escri+tion for %SC Measurements 7-49 $ocument8
What is the UM- -AGE!
Intranet +a,e w. info a#out :-I" COUNTERS
&ow can you use 4 CAUSE an$ C'EAR CO4E in or$er to o+timi=e my networ!
C'EAR CO4ES CAN %E MONITORE4 W. O%SERBATIONS 1 O CAN 9OR EAM-'E USE 4RO- CA'' O%SERBATION OR 4RO- CA'' %REA:4OWN 1
W&IC& IS T&E 4I99ERENCE %ETWEEN MEASUREMENT AN4 O%SERBATION
T&E ARE %OT& WAS TO GET -ER9ORMANCE STATS 1 :-I AN4 COUNTERS ARE 9ROM MEASUREMENTS TA%'ES) O%SERBATION ARE GIBING US C'EAR CO4ES . 4 CAUSE)
Is the MS or the %TS a#le to measure the actual C.I of the Air I.f!
No 1 in GSM we can
In the 33333 OSS I ha2e seen there are interference measurements ) Can you e;+lain what they mean an$ how they is measure$!
These are i$le mo$e measurements an$ they are only in U' 1 #asically in the RTS' not in use if the 'e2el is a#o2e 3**6 $%m we assume it is interference an$ it is recor$e$ in the OSS stats 1
In the 33333 OSS measurements I can see &O $ue to interference! &ow $o these &O wor . are tri,,ere$!
INTER9ERENCE &O are #asically QUA'IT &O in ,oo$ R;'e2el con$ition 7which is set with a R;'e2el +arameter8 1 the reason is $ual 1 *8 &a2e stats a#out #a$ Quality in ,oo$ R;'e2el con$itions) /8 Tri,,er an intracell &O rather than a intercell &O
What is AMR!
A$a+ti2e Multirate 2oice co$in,
&ow $oes it wor!
AMR 2aries the +ro+ortion of 2oice co$in, an$ channel co$in, to +ro2i$e more ro#ustness in #a$ C.I at the e;+ense of 2oice (uality
&ow many AMR co$ecs are there at 9R an$ &R! What is MOS!
? at 9R" at &R 7* not use$ in &R8) Only 0 can #e use$ in a call Mean O+inion Score A su#>ecti2e 2iew of the (uality of a 2oice call
What is 9ER!
9rame Erasure Rate Num#er of s+eech frames $iscar$e$ $ue to errors) A #etter measure of (uality than %ER with AMR #ecause %ER is measure$ #efore $eco$in, an$ 9ER after $eco$in,
What is the effect of AMR on a full rate channel! What is the effect of AMR on a half rate Channel!
It allows the call to maintain the same 9ER in worse C.I con$itions It allows the 9ER to im+ro2e in #etter C.I con$itions while occu+yin, half a timeslot
&ow $oes AMR lin a$a+tation wor!
When certain C.I threshol$s are met" the 2oice co$ec will #e chan,e$) There is no tar,et 9ER to maintain an$ threshol$s ha2e to #e carefully chosen
What is a half rate channel!
A channel with **)0 #+s) 9R is //)? #+s) Each channel occu+ies alternate #ursts of a multiframe)
&ow $oes the %SC $eci$e whether to use a &R or 9R channel!
With cell loa$ threshol$s) When the lower limit is reache$" calls are +ace$" when the u++er limit is reache$" new calls are sent to 9R
When is a &R un+ace$ to 9R!
When the R;Qual of the &R call reaches a +re3set limit
4oes 33333 su++orts all the GSM AMR co$ecs!
No $oesn
What is MACA- feature!
Name of a CINGU'AR i$ea to ma;imi=e ca+acity) %asically while testin, it they ha2e foun$ that our %SS ha$ a +ro#lem an$ wasn
4o you ha2e more si,nallin, channels in AMR &R! 4oes the o2erall #it rate on the Air I.9 chan,es w. AMR!
What is 49CA!
In #an$ sin,allin," #ut it is trans+arent No it $oesn
What are the 49CA &W re(uirement!
3%SC/i J C-/M C-U car$s or %SC Fi 3%SC3%SC connections for %SC usin, 49CA an$ ha2e a$>acent ser2ice area) 3Ultrasite or metrosite %TS 3 Wi$e#an$ com#iner 3 'MU in e2ery %TS
What are the 49CA SW re(uirement!
3S**)@ 3 C0)* 3OSS0 3'MU0)*
Three fre(uency #an$s are $efine$ in 49CA" what are they!
%CC& #an$" Re,ular #an$ 7o+tional8" 49CA #an$
What are the re(uirement.limitation in 49CA #an$!
3The ran,e of Malist is *3F/ 3The 49CA MA list must #e $efine$ the same way in al %SCs within each continous %SC area 349CA MA list $o not contain consecuti2e fre(uency 3Any two 49CA MA lists containin, a$>acent fre(uency are re(uire$ to #e of the same len,th)
What are the in+uts for 49CA channel allocation!
3non real time information I)e) %ac,roun$ inteference matri; 3near real time information I)e) Mo#ile measurement re+ort 3 realtime information I)e) Ra$io channel usa,e information
What are the 0 metho$s in 49CA C.I estimation!
incomin, 4'" Incomin, U'" Out,oin, 4'" Out,oin, U' Soft %locin, is a user $efine +arameter) If in the C.I estimation +hase any of the four C.I estimates +ro$uce$ for each ra$io channel can$i$ate $oes not e;cee$ the soft #locin, limit of the interfere$ connection" then the ra$io channel can$i$ate is $eeme$ soft #loce$)
What is the Soft %locin, in 49CA!
If there are no acce+ta#le assi,nment can$i$ates 7i)e) all the can$i$ates #reach the connection ty+e s+ecific soft #locin, C.I limit8" the assi,nment will #e $irecte$ to a re,ular TR if a2aila#le) If there are no free TS's on any re,ular TRs of the cell" the call will #e finally re>ecte$ 749CA soft #locin, situation8) 4irecte$ retry coul$ still #e use$ an$ if successfull the $irecte$ retry will mo2e the call to another cell in which case the call is not re>ecte$) In case of han$o2ers soft #locin, is not a++lie$ e;ce+t if the han$o2er is for 4R or 4A4'% then the soft #locin, is a++lie$ as in normal call setu+)
What is 49CA force$ &R mo$e!
If the current incomin, 4' C.I a2era,e is #elow the 9orce &R mo$e C.I threshol$ for the corres+on$in, channel ty+e 7non3AMR.AMR8" then the force &O mo$e is switche$ on) After &R mo$e switche$ on" &R channel.AMR &R channel will #e assi,ne$ to a s+eech connection that is +lace$ on a 49CA TR until the &R mo$e switche$ off) 49CA 9orce &R mo$e C.I threshol$ an$ 9orce &R C.I threshol$ AMR are user $efine$ +arameters)
What is the restrictions to use 49CA! 7features interworin, limitation8
X -acet switch territory is not allow in 49CA TR X 4ynamic S4CC& is not allowe$ in 49CA TR X 9ACC& call setu+ to 49CA TR is not +ossi#le) X Antenna ho++in, cannot #e use$ in 49CA TR
A+art from 49CA +arameter" what are the +arameters shall #e chece$ for 49CA acti2ation!
%SS Synchroni=ation 3Sync MUST #e on +rior to switchin, to 49CA Mo$e) 39N an$ TS offsets shoul$ #e set 7not left at 68 Interference &an$o2ers 3nterference #ase$ han$o2ers shoul$ #e ena#le$ on all 49CA %TS 4ynamic -ower Control 3Shoul$ #e ena#le$ on all 49CA %TS for U' an$ 4' Timeslot Ty+e 3TC& timeslots only su++orte$ on 49CA TRYs 3All si,nalin, 7e),) S4CC&8 an$ G- timeslots must #e remo2e$) I$le L Acti2e %A 'ist Usa,e 3%A list must #e create$ an$ attache$ for I$le L Acti2e use in each 49CA %TS
What a$$itional networ elements are nee$e$ for 4ata! What elements nee$ to #e u+,ra$e$ to acti2ate EG-RS! &ow $oes an MS han$o2er from one cell to another $urin, a $ata session!
SGSN" GGSN" CG" 4NS" 7%G" 'IG8 TRs) A mo$ulation scheme is use$ an$ mo$ulation is +erforme$ #y the TR with har$ware It $oesn
What is a 9lush!
When a cell re3selects" the $ata store$ in the %BC #uffer is 9lushe$ 74elete$8) If the new cell is in the same -CU than the $ata is mo2e$ to the new %BC) If not it is $elete$ an$ there is a #i,,er #rea in $o wnloa$in,)
What mo$ulation scheme $oes GR-S use!
GMS:
&ow many G-RS co$in, schemes are there currently in 33333 an$ what are they calle$!
CS*" CS/
What mo$ulation scheme $oes EG-RS use! &ow many EG-RS co$in, schemes are there!
GMS:7mcs*308" ?-S: H MCS* 3 MCSH
What is the ma;imum #itrate +er timeslot with G-RS an$ EG-RS! What is timeslot ca+acity! What are the MCS families use$ for!
G-RS *F#+s with CS/" EG-RS @H)/ #+s with MCSH Ma;imum TS' ca+acity after C.I has re$uce$ the MCS #ut #efore T%9 multi+le;in, Re3transmissions are sent in MCSs of the same family as each family has a $ifferent +acet len,th)
What functionality counters fast fa$in, in EG-RS!
Incremental Re$un$ency
&ow $oes it wor!
4ata is +uncture$ after co$in,) This in2ol2es re$ucin, the num#er of #its nee$e$ to sen$ the $ata) F +uncturin, co$es are use$) If the first +acet can
What functionality counters slow fa$in, in EG-RS!
'in A$a+tation
&ow $oes it wor!
-CU tries to ee+ #est throu,h+ut #y usin, %E- to calculate the +ro#a#ilty of the +acet #ein, $eco$e$) -CU uses initial MCS" then once it has %E- 2alues" chooses mo$ulation" then co$in, scheme accor$in, to whether it is initial transmission or re3transmission) User only has to set initial MCS
What is timeslot multi+le;in,! What is T%9 multi+le;in,!
&ow many $ifferent ty+es of Networ Mo$e of O+eration are they an$ how are they $ifferent!
What is the $ifference #etween the R'C an$ ''C +rotocols! What is a territory!
When there is more than one T%9 allocate$ to the same timeslot When there is a mi; of G-RS an$ EGR-S T%9s on a timeslot) Es+ecially #a$ with U' G-RS an$ 4' EGR-S F" NMO* Nee$s a Gs lin" all CS an$ -S +a,in, throu,h SGSN an$ -CCC& 7or CCC&8) NMO/ No Gs lin" CS +a,in, throu,h MSC an$ CCC&" -S +a,in, throu,h SGSN an$ CCC&" NMOF No Gs lin" CS +a,in, throu,h MSC an$ SGSN" -S +a,in, throu,h SGSN an$ -CCC& 7not su++orte$ in Noia8 Ra$io 'in Control is #etween the -CU an$ the MS) 'o,ical 'in Control is #etween the SGSN an$ the MS) R'C ,i2es networ throu,h+ut" ''C ,i2es user throu,h+ut) A territory is an area of the cell that is use$ for a certain +ur+ose
&ow many are there an$ what are they calle$!
0 CS" 4e$icate$ $ata" 4efault $ata" A$$itional $ata
&ow $oes each #eha2e!
4e$icate$ $ata is only use$ for $ata" $efault can #e use$ for #oth #ut CS is e+t out of it unless there is no more CS territory a2aila#le" a$$itional is $ata territory #eyon$ $efault an$ is release$ as soon as +ossi#le" CS can #e use$ to carry CS an$ inclu$es $efault an$ a$$itional
Is there +ower control in EG-RS!
Only in U+lin
What is an E4A- an$ why is it nee$e$!
EG-RS 4ynamic A#is -ool A +art of the A#is set asi$e for EG-RS use) It is share$ amon,st all TRs attache$ to it an$ +ro2i$es a F6 sa2in, on A#is ca+acity com+are$ to fi;e$ allocation) The E4A- is nee$e$ #ecause the hi,her #itrates with EG-RS nee$ more than * *#+s A#is su#slot
What is the $ifference #etween one3 +hase an$ two3+hase access! What is a RA! What is its relationshi+ to an 'A! Which is the tra$e off in the 4E9AU'T TERRITOR si=e! Can you ha2e se+arate$ 7from the BOICE one8 si,nallin, for G-RS . EG-RS! Which is the channel you are ,oin, to use! Which is the tra$e off in term of si,nallin, usin, -%CC&! What
In one +hase" the RAC& re(uest ass for a T%9) In two +hase" the RAC& re(uest as for a sin,le #loc an$ uses this to as for the T%9) Routin, Area ser2e the same function for $ata as the 'A for 2oice Allows the SGSN to +a,e the MS A RA is a su#set of an 'A) Ma;iumum si=e is the 'A si=e) An 'A can ha2e more than one RA) Small $efault territory 5 9ew G-RS reason &o) %i, $efault territory 5 %etter Throu,h+ut es" you can althou,h it is not really use$ -%CC& Nee$ to use a $e$icate$ RTS' for it There is an im+act" #ut there is no e2i$ence so far of any real #ottlenec create$ from $ata si,nallin, %asically %lac#erry *st ,eneration $oesn
Which are the other features you can use for cell reselection if you im+lement -%CC&!
CF*" CF/
Which is the meanin, of CF* an$ CF/!
CF* allows you to +refer a set of %TSs) CF/ maes the cell reselection amon, the one +refere$ from CF*
What is a -CU an$ what $oes it $o!
-acet Control Unit) Recei2es the ''C -4Us from the SGSN an$ #reas them $own into R'C -acets for the ra$io interface) Bice 2ersa in the o+ +osite $irection) Res+onsi#le for all sche$ulin," 'A an$ ra$io resource mana,ement for $ata
&ow many are there in a %SC!
/i / +er %SCU" ?J* %CSU ma;" Fi 0 +er %SCU" J* %CSU ma;
What is a 4S- core!
4i,ital Si,nal -rocessor core) &an$les the in$i2i$ual A#is su#slots an$ $oes the actual wor)
&ow many are there in a -CU!
*
What is the ma;imum num#er of E4A-s a -CU can han$le!
*
What is the ma;imum num#er of * #+s A#is su#3slots a -CU can han$le!
/@
What is the effect on the lin #u$,et of usin, ?-S: mo$ulation!
As ?-S: has 2aria#le am+litu$e" the am+lifier has to wor in linear" not satuarate$" mo$e) There has to #e a +ower #ac3off to ee+ o+eration in linear mo$e) %ac3off is / $% for %TS" 03@ $% for MS
Outline a $imensionin, metho$ for com#ine$ 2oice an$ $ata traffic!
Erlan, % will +ro2i$e enou,h s+are TS' to ,uarentee GoS for 2oice) 4ata can use these) 9ormula is a choice #etween Erlan, % an$ an a++ro;imation" which e2er re(uires more timeslots) Num#er of TS' for $ata is $ata loa$ $i2i$e$ #y TS' ca+acity) Total TS' re(uire$ ,i2en #y Ma;7Erlan,%7CS8"CS traffic7E8JGuar$ TS'JTS' for $ata3 4e$icate$ TS'8J$e$icate$ TS') 9rom here wor out TRs an$ so on)
What is rate re$uction!
A way of inclu$in, timeslot multi+le;in, in $imensionin, #y tain, into account CS an$ -S traffic an$ -S territory
&ow #i, can an E4A- #e!
*/ P 0 #+s A#is TS'
&ow many E4A-s can #e attache$ to a site!
There is no limit) It coul$ #e one +er site or one +er TR" althou,h this is inefficient
&ow many E4A-S can #e ma++e$ onto a sin,le T*!
As lon, as there is s+ace on the T*" there is no limit
Which are the F states of a MS in G-RS!
Rea$y" I$le" Stan$#y
What $oes REA4 mean! What $oes I4'E mean! What $oes STAN4% mean! &ow $o you mo2e from I4'E to REA4! An$ 2ice2ersa! &ow $o you mo2e from REA4 to STAN4%! An$ 2ice2ersa! &ow $o you mo2e from STAN4% to I4'E! An$ 2ice2ersa! What is a T%9 in EG-RS! Is the T%9 in #oth $irections! Can the same T%9 #e #i3$irectional 7letecti2e of EG-RS o+timisation! In EG-RS" how is this achie2e$!
MS is transmittin, $ata or it has >ust transmitte$ $ata 1 it is in acti2e mo$e %asically the SGSN $oesnust if you sen$ or recei2e $ata G-RS 4etach" either im+licit or throu,h a timer Tem+orary %loc 9low no" uni$irectional no U' T%9 an$ in 4' >ust AC: 4' T%9 an$ in U' >ust AC: With no +ower control there is increase interference to the ho++in, layer To ma;imise user throu,h+ut Mostly throu,h" ca+acity im+ro2ements) C.I im+ro2ements will affect the MCS #ut this is line$ to GSM) 9or EGR-S only we can +lay with TRs" 4e$ TS'" E4A-" -CU" G#
If a TR is %':3SS when EGENA is turne$ on" what is the most +ro#a#ly cause!
GTR5 an$ the TR is not attache$ to the E4A-
Name some EG-RS :-Is
Throu,h+ut" T%9 est fail" T%9 fail" T%9 lost $ue to flush or MS lost" GMS: share of EG-RS" T%9.TS'" -ayloa$" E4A- con,estion 7mins.G#8" territory u+,ra$e re>ects" territory $own,ra$es" -CU con,estion
What is -oC! What elements nee$ to #e a$$e$ for -oC! &ow is EG-RS use$ for -oC! Are there re3transmission in -oC! What :-Is are use$ in -oC!
-ush3to3Tal o2er Cellular) It is a real3time ser2ice -oC Ser2er" +ossi#le -resence ser2er It is merely a trans+ort layer" -oC is a ser2ice that uses EG-RS Not from the -oC ser2er) EG-RS uses normal al,orithm Start to Tal 7STT8 time" Boice Throu,h 4elay 7BT48"Glitches 7$elay in +acet arri2al8" 'ost $ata8" Roun$ Tri+ 4elay 7RTT8 7$e+en$s on user reaction8
What 2alues are normally e;+ecte$ for STT an$ BT4!
STT /s" BT4 0s
What is the a$2anta,es.$isa$2anta,es of a low initial MCS
A$2 ,reater +ossi#ility of the $ata #ein, $eco$e$ for MSs in #a$ (uality) 4is 'ess ran,e if ?-S: $ue to +ower #ac3 off
4efine a Microcell
A small ca+acity cell with an antenna not more than @m in hei,ht
What is the #est +osition for a microcell antenna!
In a ,ri$ system" on the si$e of a #uil$in,) Not on a corner otherwise the canyon streets will +ro+a,ate the si,nal too far) In a non ,ir$ system" si$e or corner of the #uil$in, where2er #est ser2es the tar,et area)
What are the $isa$2anta,es of a micro cell!
9ast mo2in, mo#iles may select it an$ then lea2e the co2era,e area 2ery fast) 'ocal con,estion #ecause of hi,h traffic
&ow can these #e sol2e$!
Use C/ +enalty time to mae the cell attracti2e only to slow mo#iles) Run the cell as #arre$ an$ use hierarchical han$o2ers to mo2e the calls from the o2erlayin, macros
Name some R9 systems use$ in in3 #uil$in, cells If you $on
Acti2e or +assi2e 4istri#ute$ Antenna Systems 74AS8" leay fee$ers" a,is in the lift shaft) NE4" um+" Quic+lace" mailin, lists" ETSI S+ecs" Noia 9eature 4escri+tions" Trainin, course material) More intracell &o) Eat u+ -CU ca+acity
