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The reaction between sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid occurs in 2 stages, with the formation of hydrogen carbonate ion as the intermediate product.
Na2CO3(aq) + HCl NaHCO3(aq) + HCl(aq)
NaHCO 3(aq) + NaCl(aq) NaCl(aq) + H 2O(l) + CO2(g)
Procedure [1] Solutions to be prepared a. 500.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl HCl Compute for the amount of 12MHCl needed to prepare 500.0 mL of 0.100M HCl. Then prepare the solution. b. 400 mL of 0.05M NaCl NaCl
Adamson University University
Page 17
Analytical Chemistry 2 2012 [2] Standardization of HCl a. Titration with Na 2CO3
Standardize as in Experiment 5 b. Indicator correction Determine the indicator correction by titrating approximetely 100mL of 0.05 NaCl and 3 drops of indicator. Boil briefly, cool, complete titration. Determine the volume of HCl that react with the indicator. Compute for the molarity of HCl. Don’t forget to subtract first the volume for the indicator correction.
[3] Analysis of Sample
Your sample may contain NaOH only, Na 2CO3 only, NaHCO 3 only, or an allowed two component combination of any of these three constituents. Pipette two 50-mL aliquot of your liquid sample into two Erlenmeyer flasks. Treat each aliquot individually after this point. To the first aliquot add 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator. To the second aliquot add 3 drops of methyl orange indicator. Titrate the first aliquot with standard HCl until the appropriate color change. Compute for the volume of HCl used. For the second aliquot titrate with standard HCl until the color changes. Boil for 2-3 mins, and then cool. Titrate again until the appropriate color change. From the total volume of HCl used for the titration of the second aliquot, subtract the indicator correction (procedure above for the indicator correction). Determine the constituents present. Determine the constituents and compute for the molarity of each. Perform triplicate analyses. Compute for the mean molarity, standard deviation, and %RSD of the analysis. Guide Questions
[1] When do we need to perform a double-indicator titration procedure? [2] Why do we need to correct for the indicator? [3] What is/are the pairs that cannot exist together in a mixture? [4] What makes methyl orange and phenolphthalein suitable for the double-indicator process?
