MINILINK TN & HC
MINI-LINK Outdoor Units Mini-link point to point antennas are directional parabolic antennas and they are available in the following diameters: 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3 3.7
Integrated power splitter
0.2, 0.3, 0.6 antennas with RAU2
Compact antennas
Separately installed antenna
Antenna Units Gain and size
(Frequency range (GHz (Antenna size (m
7/8
13
15
18
0.2 0.3
23
26
28
32
38
31.8
33.8
34.6
35.4
37.5
32.1
34.4
36.2
37.3
38.0
38.8
40.4 44.3
0.6
32.0
36.0
36.6
39.2
40.0
41.5
42.4
43.5
1.2
37.0
41.8
42.7
44.6
46.0
47.1
47.9
49.0
1.8
41.0
45.3
46.4
48.5
49.5
2.4
43.1
47.7
48.7
3.0
45.1
49.7
3.7
47.3
Antenna Units 3 dB Lobe width
-3 dB -3 dB
Frequency band
0.3
7 GHz 8 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 38 GHz
… … … 4.2 3.9 3 2.5 1.6
Antenna 0.6 4.2 3.9 2.8 2.5 2 1.5 1.3 0.8
(Radio Unit (RAU • • • • •
The basic function of RAU is to generate and receive the RF signal and convert it to/from the signal format in the radio cable connecting the RAU and MMU Disconnection and replacement of RAU can be done without affecting antenna alignment DC power to the RAU is supplied from the MMU through the radio cable The RAU is capacity dependent and available in three classes including Medium capacity RAU, High capacity RAU and Agile RAU The frequency is determined by the RAU and it can be set in 0.25 MHz steps The Output power limit can be set from OMC. But this feature is not available for RAU1 26
Different Thresholds
RAU Types RAUX Y F •
X: Mechanical design which is 1 or 2
•
Y: MMU Compatibility and capacity - “Blank”: Medium capacity RAU Compatible with CQPSK, supports 2x2 to 34x2 in a range of 7 to 38 GHz like RAU2 23 - “L”: High capacity radio units Supports 155 Mbit/s capacity using 128 QAM like RAU1 L 8 - “N”: Agile Compatible with CQPSK, 16 QAM and 128 QAM and supports 2x2 155 Mbit/s like RAU2 N 23
•
F: Frequency band
to
RAU C-QPSK
16QAM
128QAM
(PDH(
(PDH(
(SDH(
7 GHz 8 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 28 GHz 32 GHz 38 GHz
7 GHz 8 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 28 GHz 32 GHz 38 GHz
7 GHz 8 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 28 GHz 32 GHz 38 GHz
RAU
(Automatic Power Control (ATPC
The received signal strength is compared to a preset value The far end transmitter is ordered to adjust the output power, up or down, in order to meet the target Benefits: - Interference reduction - Reduced power consumption Setting is done in MMU and usually the power is set in 3-6 dB above threshold
Terminal Configurations 1+1 Hot Stand-by
1+1 Hot Stand-by: • Improved availability by hardware redundancy •1 radio channel •1 transmitter is active • TX switch on hardware alarm • 2 radios receiving • 1 Receiver selected as active • Receiver switch on hardware alarm
Terminal Configurations Hot Stand-by and Space Diversity
• Hardware availability improvement • Improved radio path performance by receiver switching on radio propagation alarm - Multi-path fading - Reflection • h=80/f [GHz] • Usually alarm will happen when signal is 10 dB more than threshold • Consider wind load
Terminal Configurations Working Stand-by and frequency diversity
2 radio channels
• Improved availability by hardware redundancy • Improved propagation performance (Multi-path) • Doesn’t effect ground reflection • 2 radio channels • 2 radio transmitting, 2 radio receiving • 1 receiver selected as active • Receiver switch on hardware and propagation alarm • f2=1.05 f1
Different Configurations 1+0 Terminal Mounting
Different Configurations 1+1 Terminal Mounting
Different Configurations Power Splitters
Asymmetrical Power Splitter (1+1 Hot Stand by)
dB loss 1 7 dB loss
Symmetrical Power Splitter (1+1 Working Stand by)
3 dB loss 3 dB loss
Indoor Units • Access Termination Unit (ATU) • Access Module Magazine (AMM) with plug-in units: - Ethernet Interface Unit (ETU), optional - Line Termination Unit (LTU), optional - Modem Unit (MMU) - Node Processor Unit (NPU) - Power Filter Unit (PFU) - Switch Multiplexer Unit (SMU), optional
AMM 2p
• Suitable for end sites and repeater sites • Max 2 radio units • Fitted in a rack or a wall • power supply is integrated with NPU2 (-48 or +24)
AMM 6p
• Suitable for medium size hub sites • Max 5 radio terminals • Filled with NPU 8x2, MMU & LTU (16x2) • For 1+1, MMUs should be adjacent and starting at even slots • -48v connected to PFU (24 needs DC-DC kit)
AMM 20p • Suitable for large size hub sites (Intersection of optical network and microwave network • NPU 8x2, one or two PFU1 • protected pairs in a 1+1 configuration are positioned in adjacent slots starting with an even slot number • FAU1 is fitted on top of the AMM • AMM 20p is power supplied by -48 V DC connected to PFU or ICF • Using 24 V DC needs DC/DC kit
(Node Processor Unit (NPU NPU implements the system’s main traffic and control functions
NPU2 AMM 2p Add/drop possibility of 4xE1 traffic USB port for on site management
NPU 8x2 AMM 6p and AMM 20p Add/drop possibility of 8xE1 traffic 3 relay user outputs/ 3 relay user inputs
• Traffic handling and node central processor • System control and supervision • Embedded DCN router and element manager • SNMP Master Agent • 10BASE-T Ethernet interface for connection to a site LAN • Storage and administration of inventory and configuration data
(Modem Unit (MMU • MMU is the indoor part of the radio terminal • MMU determines the traffic capacity and modulation MMU 2: - Modulation: CQPSK - Capacity: 2x2, 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 - In case of 1+1, SMU is needed MMU 2B: - Modulation: CQPSK - Capacity: 2x2, 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 - In case of 1+1, SMU is not needed MMU 2C: - CQPSK 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 - 16 QAM 8x2, 17x2, 32x2 - In case of 1+1, SMU is not needed Hint: •C-QPSK MMUs are compatible with RAU1, RAU2, RAU 1N and RAU 2N •16 QAM MMUs are compatible with RAU 1N and RAU 2N
ATU: - Modulation: CQPSK - Capacity: 2x2,4x2, 8x2, 16x2 - Single board solution for unprotected configuration
MMU
Switch Multiplexer unit ((SMU • Multiplexer: External traffic interfaces with the following capacities (one at the time): • 1 E3 + 1 E1 • 2 E2 • 2 E1 E1, E2 and E3 traffic interfaces may be used for connection to MINI-LINK E on the same site, or as interface to other external equipment. • 1+1 protection switching with MMU2 • 2x64 Kbit/s G.703 Digital Service Channels • V.24 access server port interface used for local SW upgrade or as terminal server for O&M connection to co-sited MINI-LINK E terminal
(Line Termination Unit (LTU LTU 12x2 •Used in AMM 2p, when 4 E1 of NPU is not enough, 120 ohm balanced LTU 16x2 •Used in AMM 6p and AMM 20p, when 8 E1 of NPU is not enough, 120 ohm balanced
(Power Filter Unit (PFU Power Filter Unit 2 (PFU2( • Power filter unit for AMM 6p • -48V DC input
Power Filter Unit 1 (PFU1( • Power filter unit for AMM 20p • Two PFU1s configured for redundancy • Half size to accommodate two units in one full-height position • Alarm interface towards FAU1 • -48V DC input
Configuration example 1+0
AMM 6p
Add/Drop 2 Mbit/s
Configuration example
Configuration example 1+1
Configuration rules •
AMM 20p - 1+1 with MMU2: Starting at slots 2, 6, 14 or 18 - 1+1 with MMU2B/C Starting at even slots except for slot 12 - 1+1 MSP Staring at even slots - No MMU in slot 12 - NPU in slot 11 and PFU in 0 and 01
•
AMM 6p - 1+1 with MMU2: Staring at slot 2 - 1+1 with MMU 2B/C Staring at slots 2 or 4 - 1+1 MSP Staring at slots 2 or 4 - NPU in slot 7
MINI-LINK HC
(Access Module Magazine (AMM
AMM 1U-1 2 Plug in units Max 1 radio terminal
U=44 mm
AMM 2u-4 4 plug in units Max 2 radio terminals
(Modem Unit (MMU
Traffic rate: 155 + 2 Mbit/s MMU 155/16: 16 QAM Modulation, 56 MHz Bandwidth MMU 155/128: 128 QAM Modulation, 28 MHz Bandwidth The main function of the MMU is to modulate the STM-1/OC-3 digital data to an analogue signal suitable for microwave transmission and demodulate the received signal from the RAU.
*Note: The MMU is fully independent of frequency of the transmitting radio
(Traffic Unit (TRU TRU EL
• One TRU per terminal in 1+0 and 1+1 (2 TRU in 1+1 ELP) • Termination of traffic and O&M DCN • Embedded IP router, Element Manager and terminal MIB
TRU OPT/EL
Interfaces DC in
LEDS
RAU
9 Pole D-SUB
DIN 47297
SC/SC
9 Pole D-SUB
MMU
TNC
2 Pole D-SUB
9 Pole D-SUB
9 Pole D-SUB
9 Pole D-SUB
25 Pole D-SUB
TRU
RJ-45 1.0/ 2.3 mm
STM-1 El. STM-1 Opt. / OC-3 User I/O 64 Kbit/s V.11
64 Kbit/s G.703
O&M
FAN Alarm
10BASE-T
E1/T1
Configuration example 1+1
AMM 2U-4 MMU TRU MMU
Configuration Example 1+1 ELP
Configuration Example 1+1 ELP
DMR (Frequency/Distance/Capacity( Frequency band
.Antenna diam
(Path length (km
Capacity
GHz 4.2 – 3.6
m 3.7 – 3.0
km 65 – 40
E4 & STM-1
GHz 5.0 – 4.4
m 3.0 – 2.4
km 60 – 40
E4 & STM-1
GHz 6.4 – 5.9
m 3.0 – 2.0
km 55 – 30
E4 & STM-1
GHz 7.1 – 6.4
m 3.0 – 2.0
km 55 – 30
E4 & STM-1
GHz 7.9 – 7.1
m 3.0 – 0.6
km 50 – 15
E1 - E4 & STM-1
GHz 8.3 – 7.7
m 3.0 – 0.6
km 45 – 15
E1 - E4 & STM-1
GHz 11.7 – 10.7
m 3.0 – 0.6
km 35 – 5
E4 & STM-1
GHz 13.3 – 12.7
m 2.4 – 0.3
km 30 – 5
E1 - E4 & STM-1
GHz 15.3 – 14.5
m 2.0 – 0.2
km 30 – 5
E1 - E3 & STM-1
GHz 19.7 – 17.7
m 1.8 – 0.2
km 20 – 2
E1 - E4 & STM-1
GHz 23.6 – 21.2
m 1.2 – 0.2
km 5 – 0.5
E1 - E3 & STM-1
GHz 26.5 – 24.2
m 0.6 – 0.2
km 3 – 0.1
E1 - E3 & STM-1
GHz 39.5 – 37.0
m 0.6 – 0.2
km 1.5 – 0.1
E1 - E3 & STM-1
GHz 60
m 0.6 – 0.2
km 1 – 0.1
E1 - E3
Note: Distance values are approximate and valid for Swedish climate
