Environ nvi ronmental mental Standa Standards rds Control of Emissions to Air From Stationa tation ary Sources our ces
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia National Environmental Standard Control of Emissions to Air from Stationary Sources
cranes or other machines using any combustible material for their operation;
Art ic le I – Pr eli mi nar y
1)
‘KSA’ Refers to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;
Definitions ‘airsheds’ shall refer to a geographic area that, due to topography, meteorology, and climate, shares the same air; ‘best available techniques (BAT)’ refers to the most effective and advanced stage in the development of activities and their methods of operation which indicate the practical suitability of particular techniques for providing on principle the basis for emission limit values designed to prevent and, where that is not practicable, generally to reduce emissions and the impact on the environment as a whole. ‘combustion plant’ means any technical apparatus in which fuels are oxidised in order to use the heat thus generated. ‘Competent Agency’ Refers to the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment or officially designated authority as detailed in Part x, Section x; ‘control equipment’ means any device that controls, limits, measures, records or indicates air pollution; ‘degraded airshed’ shall refer to airshed within which the ambient air quality standards have been infringed (as set out within the Ambient Air Quality Standards). ‘designated bod y’ An individual or organisation that has been officially recognised in writing by PME as acting in their authority; ‘dispersion zones’ shall refer to the area immediately adjacent to a permitted source of air pollution where the prescribed limit values within the Ambient Air Quality Standards may be exceeded and such an area is determined pursuant to Article IV (2);
‘level' shall mean the concentration of a pollutant in ambient air or the deposition thereof on surfaces in a given time; ‘limit v alue' shall mean a level fixed on the basis of scientific knowledge, with the aim of avoiding, preventing or reducing harmful effects on human health and/or the environment as a whole, to be attained within a given period and not to be exceeded once attained; ‘natural events' shall mean volcanic eruptions, seismic activities, geothermal activities, wild-land fires, high-wind events or the atmospheric resuspension or transport of natural particles from dry regions; 3
‘normal cubic metre (Nm )’ means that volume of dry gas which occupies a cubic metre at a temperature of zero degrees Celsius and at an absolute pressure equivalent to one atmosphere; ‘mass flow’ shall refer to the mass of a substance being emitted in a set time period. Mass flows within this standard are defined in terms of grams per hour. ‘operators’ the owner or operator of a business or industrial enterprise; ‘ozone depleting substances’ For the purposes of this article ozone depleting substances will refer to all chloroflouro compounds of the haloalkanes including CFC’s, HCFC’s and HFC. ‘PM 2.5' is particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of up to 2.5 µm, referred to as the fine particle fraction; ‘PM 10' is particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of up to 10 µm, the fine and coarse particle fractions combined;
‘fugitive emission’ shall refer to a gas, liquid, solid, vapour, fume, mist, fog, or dust containing a controlled product that escapes from process equipment, emission control equipment, a product or a device in any facility;
‘PME’ Refers to the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment who are designated as the responsible authority for the protection of the environment and the development of environmental protection standards in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;
‘GER’ Refers regulation;
‘pollutant' shall mean any substance introduced directly or indirectly by man into the ambient air and likely to have harmful effects on human health and/or the environment as a whole;
to
the
General
Environmental
‘industrial plant’ means any plant used for the generation of power, or for any industrial use, or for the operation of vessels, dredges, locomotives,
‘regulator’ shall refer to the Competent Agency or designated body;
4) ‘stationary source’ shall refer to a type of air pollution source that releases emissions from a specific location and is permanent or semipermanent structures at that location. Examples are smokestacks, vents, power plants, mines and buildings; ‘vapour recovery systems’ refers to active or passive systems that recovers vapours of VOCs from vapour producing processes or machinery such as petrol filling pumps.
a) These standards apply to any facility, site, or premises whose activities give rise to air emissions from a stationary source. b) The scope of this standard does not include emissions from residential properties, natural events or mobile pollutant sources.
5)
‘volatile organic compounds’ are a group carbon based compounds that have high enough vapour pressures under normal conditions to significantly vaporize and enter the atmosphere.
2)
Exemptions a) Exemptions may apply in circumstances where the enforcement of this standard impractical and/or inappropriate. Exemption in specified areas may be made for, but not restricted to, the activities specified in table 1. The Competent Agency will determine where these exemptions apply and which activities beyond this list are included.
Citation This document should be cited as the Standards for the Control of Emissions to Air from Stationary Sources. This standard revises the current General Standards for the Environment (specifically document number 1409-01) issued by the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment (PME).
3)
Scope
Table 1 – Exempt activit ies Ac ti vi ty Permitted variations subject to Article IV (4). Fire fighting exercises
Timescales for implementation
Exem pt io n applies Subject to permit conditions At all times
. a) The effective date of this standard is 01/05/1433H corresponds to 24/03/2012G.
6)
Powers of authorit y a) Within the scope of Competent Agency may:
3)
Purpose a) The objective of this standard is to set out point source air quality Standards for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for sustainable management of air quality within the Kingdom. b) This standard introduces emission limits for individual facilities, and assists in the protection of the Kingdom’s public health, occupational health and natural ecosystems, including cropland, forest, desert and wetlands whilst allowing economic and social development. c) This standard shall obligate operators to apply effective process controls or best available pollution abatement techniques to meet emission limit criteria. d) This standard will establish individual facility monitoring programmes that provide information to both operator and regulator and facilitate more effective pollution control activities. e) The Competent Agency shall liaise with relevant bodies responsible for the protection of nationally and internationally designated sites and species to ensure that point source emission standards are appropriate to maintain and improve air quality.
these
standards
the
i)
enforce the limit values detailed in Appendix A for air contaminant emissions from stationary sources;
ii)
prescribe specific requirements as to other characteristics of point source emissions;
iii)
authorise such relaxations of and departures from this standard, to make any such authorisations subject to the prescribed conditions, and to modify or revoke any such authorisation; and
iv)
authorise a locally Designated Agency to exercise any power conferred by regulations made by virtue of paragraphs (i)-(iii) above.
b) The Competent Agency may for the purposes of this Standard, appoint persons to act on their behalf as technical assessors and monitors in relation to the powers and duties conferred on him by these standards and/or subsequent amendments. c) A person or organisation appointed by the Competent Agency shall carry out such investigations for the purpose of ascertaining
whether or not any duty or other requirement imposed on that party by this standard is being, has been, or is likely to be contravened. d) In addition to the responsibilities conferred by other sections contained within these standards, it shall be the duty of facility; i)
ii)
c) All appeals should be fully supported with a documented case containing as a minimum, the information required under the appeals process of the General Environmental Regulations.
10)
to give the Competent Agency all such assistance; and
a) There may be some requirement at a future date to adjust the standards included to recognise specific local conditions and or improved understanding of the effects of mobile source air emissions.
to provide the Competent Agency with such information, as may reasonably be required for the purpose of carrying out an investigation.
b) As a minimum, the Competent Agency shall undertake a periodic review of this standard every 5 years.
e) The Competent Agency may;
7)
i)
enter any premises for the purpose of carrying out any such investigation detailed in Article I (5(c);
ii)
carry out any appropriate inspections, measurements or tests on facilities entered; and
iii)
at any time require any relevant party to supply him with copies of, or of extracts from, the contents of any records kept for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with point source emission standards.
c) Where new information suggests that adjustments are required to this standard, all changes will be subject to the appropriate consultation and will be notified to facilities by the Competent Agency. Appropriate implementation time will be allowed.
Ar ti cl e II – Gener al p ro vi si on s
1)
Enforcement
8)
Penalty fines a) Maximum fines that may be imposed for exceeding the applicable standard, breach of permit and failure to comply with an abatement notice are set out in the General Environmental Regulations.
9)
Appeals a) A right of appeal exists for any organisation or individual who is required to take action as a consequence of the implementation of the revised standard. b) The right of appeal against conviction or sentence is available through the appropriate judicial system as set out in the General Environmental Regulations.
Units of measurement a) Where numerical values are stated in relation to point source air emission standards the units are also present, these will vary according to the parameter referenced.
a) Failure to comply with the requirements of these standards may lead to prosecution by the Competent Agency and those convicted of such failure may be subject to fines or periods of imprisonment as laid out in the General Environmental Regulations. b) It is anticipated that the requirements of this standard will be enforced nationally with inspections taking place to verify their implementation at a regional and local level.
Periodic review
3
b) Milligrams per normal metre cubed (mg/Nm ) shall be used to indicate the concentration of gaseous, particulate and toxic pollutants.
2)
Permits a) In circumstances where a facility, site or premises can provide substantive evidence that the prescribed emission limits are not practicable, a permit may be issued that allows parameters within Appendix A t o be temporarily exceeded. b) The permit application form in Appendix C must be completed in full and submitted to the Competent Agency within 180 days of the effective date for this standard. c) The permit application must be accompanied by supporting documentation, which may include: i)
monitoring data showing current emission characteristics;
ii)
an assessment of the location of sensitive receptors that may be affected by the emission;
iii)
an assessment of background air quality and contributions from natural sources;
iv)
age of plant processes;
v) vi)
and
configuration
c) The emission limits specified in Appendix A are set at a level which:
of
i)
contribute to the maintenance of ambient air quality.
availability of technology; and
ii)
control the wider spatial and transboundary effects of air pollution; and
economic analysis showing that abatement is not feasible within the prescribed timescales for implementation.
iii)
recognise the importance of international air quality agreements.
d) Point source emission standards shall be defined in terms of a concentration and a volumetric loading threshold. This threshold represents the instantaneous loading rate at which this standard becomes active (Appendix A).
d) The Competent Agency may seek to externally verify any evidence provided. e) Granting or refusal of a permit is at the discretion of the Competent Agency and will be decided on a case by case basis.
e) There is no specific exemption for start-up, shutdown or maintenance procedures. During these times the following applies, compliance with which will be determined by the Competent Agency:
f) In the event that a permit application is rejected, the facility must meet the requirements of this standard or risk penalties as detailed in Article III.
i) g) In the event that a permit application is accepted, a permit will be issued that may impose operating conditions, revised emission limits and a time-bound improvement schedule. ii) 3)
Abatement notic es a) Where the Competent Agency identifies activities that pose significant current or potential environmental risk, it may issue an abatement notice that will detail abatement actions. These may include the termination of activities which must be undertaken to reduce that risk. b) Activities which are not in contravention of stationary source emission threshold values may still be subject to the conditions of an abatement notice. c) The requirements of an abatement notice are legally enforceable.
2)
At all times including start-up, shut-down and maintenance, the facility must operate in a manner that minimises emissions to the greatest extent possible with current best available techniques; and the duty imposed by (i) above does not require the source to achieve emission levels required by Appendix A if those levels are not consistent with BAT.
Dispersion zones and stack height a) Stack height should be equal or greater than H + 1.5L, where H is the height of nearby structures and L is the lesser dimension of either the height or projected width of nearby structures. However, stack height and design will be ultimately determined by clauses c) and d) of this section relating to dispersion zones. b) Subject to approval by the Competent Agency, Ambient Air Quality Standards may be exceeded in the immediate vicinity of a point source of air pollution. These areas are referred to as dispersion zones.
Art ic le IV – Po in t s ou rc e emi ss io n c on tr ol s
1)
Stationary source emission limits a) In all circumstances point source air emissions from any facility must not contain substances in concentrations that exceed the Normal Limit Values as set out in Appendix A of this standard. b) If a facility is within a degraded airshed the competent agency has the power to enforce all or some of the Degraded Airshed Emission Limits set out in Appendix A. These emission limit values are based on what is technologically feasible to achieve while not incurring excessive costs.
c) A dispersion zone must not impinge upon a sensitive receptor. Sensitive receptor, in this case, refers to: i)
any area where there is a permanent human presence;
ii)
areas used for production; and
iii)
areas that are protected for conservation, ecological status or amenity value.
livestock
or
crop
d) It is the responsibility of the facility operator to undertake dispersion modelling, or other appropriate techniques, to ensure that the requirements of (3)b) are met.
3)
e) Records of calibration programmes for instrumentation and relevant calibration certificates issued by a certified calibration laboratory may be requested by the Competent Agency at any time.
Cumulative impacts a) Where the cumulative impact of multiple point and/or mobile sources of air pollution cause Ambient Air Quality Standards to be exceeded, the Competent Agency has the authority to adjust emission limits or develop appropriate air quality management strategies.
f) The mass thresholds for determining whether a stationary source requires continuous monitoring are given in Appendix B.
5) b) Where Ambient Air Quality Standards have been met but where the quality of air remains a societal concern, the Competent Agency has authority to review local emission limits and air quality management strategies.
4)
a) Records of monitoring data shall be maintained by the operator of a facility for a period of at least 5 years and shall be made available to the Competent Agency upon request. b) All records of the occurrence and duration of any start up, shutdown or malfunction, performance test, evaluation, calibration, adjustment and maintenance of the monitoring system, shall be retained by the operator of a facility for a period of at least 5 years and shall be made available to the Competent Agency upon request.
Monitor ing and analysis a) A monitoring programme for all relevant point source air emissions must be established by the facility operator and will include as a minimum: i)
parameters required to be monitored;
ii)
sampling frequency;
iii)
sampling methods and equipment;
iv)
schedules for monitoring;
v)
methods for quality assurance and validation of monitoring results;
vi)
requirements for checking and interpreting results;
d) The following information should be recorded for inspection and reporting purposes: i)
the date, time, address location of the measurements and the operator undertaking them;
ii)
the type of instrumentation including the serial numbers of all elements of the measurement system and the calibrator used, the measurement procedure and any calculation used;
vii) responsibilities and necessary qualifications of staff;
iii)
the settings of the sampler including the dynamic range, slow or fast response, etc;
viii) requirements for documentation and management of records; and
iv)
a description of the time aspect of the measurements. i.e. the reference and measurement time intervals, including details of sampling, if used;
v)
measurement locations including sampler height above ground and distance from source of generation; and
vi)
the conditions during the measurements should be described qualitatively and quantitatively, including wind speed and direction, thermal gradient, relative humidity, and ambient temperature.
ix)
data to be recorded and
x)
requirements for reporting and communicating results.
b) Where a site has multiple point sources each qualifying emission must be monitored individually. c) The site monitoring programme and monitoring data must be available for inspection by the Competent Agency at all times. d) Sampling and analytical methods should be carried out in accordance with the most recent 1 edition of the USEPA methodologies for the sampling and analysis of point source and fugitive air emissions.
1
Informati on to be recorded
As promulgated in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).
6)
Sampling procedur es a) Samples should be taken at the point of discharge to the ambient environment or prior to this point provided that no further modification of the flue gas is possible.
b) The measuring position shall be located at a place where the flue gas is under a comparatively uniform flow, avoiding a place where a duct bends or its sectional shape is sharply changed.
h) Tanks and pipework should have a planned preventative maintenance schedule in place and documented on site. i) Vapour recovery systems should be installed on all processes or installations where it is practicable to do so including gasoline filling stations.
c) All sampling methodologies will be in accordance 1 with USEPA standard methods .
Art ic le V – Man agem ent co nt ro ls fo r f ug it iv e emi ss io ns 1)
3)
a) All employees or contract staff that have responsibilities for solvents either in a practical process capacity or a management role should have completed training in the handling, use, good housekeeping and waste management procedures for solvents.
Threshold values a) All facilities operating processes which use or require storage (above or below ground) of more than 5 tonnes of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) per year are subject to all provisions of this Article other than those detailed in (b) below. b) Those facilities operating processes which require storage (above or below ground) of more than 200 tonnes of VOCs per year or operate at a throughput rate of 150 kg of VOC containing substances per hour at any time are also subject to part 4 of this article.
b) Training records should be held centrally in Human Resources files along with other employment records.
4)
b) A FEMP must include as a minimum:
Operational cont rols a) Ordering of raw materials that could be classified as volatile organic compounds should be maintained on a just in time and first in first out basis to reduce wastage and site storage. b) Carbon steel, stainless steel and hot dip galvanised steel are acceptable materials for solvent storage. Aluminium and magnesium alloys are not acceptable. c) Plastic containers (preferably rigid intermediate bulk containers) may be used for storage in circumstances where there is no resistance problem identified (for instance chlorinated solvents). d) Bulk storage tanks greater than 5000 litres must have vapour recovery systems fitted and during delivery they should be back vented to the delivery tank to prevent the release of displaced vapours. e) Sites must ensure that the tanks, containers, seals and plugs are resistant to the substances contained and pressure differentials likely under normal and abnormal conditions excluding acts of nature. f) To minimise solar heating effect on the tanks they should be positioned in sheltered areas and should be light in colour. g) Bulk storage tanks greater than 10,000 litres must have conservation valves fitted.
Fugitiv e emissi on management plans a) A fugitive emission management plan (FEMP) is required for sites that use either 200 tonnes of solvents per year or operate at a rate of 150 kg of solvents per hour at any time.
c) Those facilities processing less than 5 tonnes per year of VOC containing substances are required to deploy BAT to control fugitive emissions.
2)
Employee trainin g
5)
i)
Identify sources of fugitive emissions through inspection, monitoring and mass balance calculations.
ii)
An inventory of VOC containing substances listing and detailing all storage areas, transport pipes, delivery points, wastes and points of emission.
ii)
Assign responsibilities for fugitive emission management, monitoring and emissions reduction.
iii)
Identify targets for reduction in emissions and VOC losses.
iv)
Identify and implement operational controls to achieve targets in (iii).
v)
Maintain annual reports on the progress and status of fugitive emission management.
Ozone depleting subs tances (ODS) a) Owners and operators of refrigeration equipment containing ozone depleting substances must take precautionary measures to prevent and minimise leakages.
b) For the purposes of this clause (a) only, an owner or operator will include all facilities and premises with the exception of residential properties. c) A schedule for planned inspection and servicing of equipment containing refrigerants must be available and up to date at all times for inspection by the Competent Agency. d) Located with this schedule must be evidence of inspection and servicing carried out in accordance with the schedule in the form of job sheets and log books. e) Furthermore, there must be contained with this information, clear procedures for reacting promptly in the event of leaking equipment. f) All equipment with a fluid recharge volume greater than 3kg requires annual leak testing by an approved contractor. These checks must be held in the log book specified in (d) above. g) At the time of replenishment or at end of asset life, ODS must be sealed in a sealed container and must not be allowed to vent directly to the atmosphere. h) The contractor must provide a receipt to the operator stipulating the volume of refrigerant removed from the site and the serial number(s) of the equipment. i) The operator will keep these records with the log book for inspection by the Competent Agency.
Ap pen dix A – Pr esc ri bed co nc entr ati on s an d val ues Table A1 – Emission limit values for emissions to air fr om stationary sources 3
Categories
Emission limit values (ug/Nm )
Threshold (g/hr)
2
Comment
(A) Normal
(B) Degraded airsheds
Particulate matter (PM10)
150
100
500
Above background conditions
Particulate matter (PM2.5)
50
25
100
Above background conditions
Specific Air Pollutants
Dioxins and Furans
0.0001
0.0001
SOx
600
400
1000
NOx
500
350
1000
0.05
0.05
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.05
0.5
∑Class I + II
1
0.5
5
∑Class I + II + III
3
1
25
Extremely toxic substances ∑Class I ∑Class I + II Carcinogenic substances ∑Class I
Organic substances ∑Class I
40
20
25
∑Class I + II Inorganic substances (solid)
150
100
100
∑Class I
0.2
0.05
1
∑Class I + II
1
0.5
5
∑Class I + II + III Inorganic substances (gas/vapour)
5
1
25
Class I
3
0.5
10
Class II
15
3
50
Class III Volatile organic carbons (VOCs) % of organic solvent lost in complete process through fugitive emissions
100
30
300
5%
3%
Thresholds apply
Refer to controls in Article V
Notes for facilities not subject to continuo us monitoring requirements:
All samples taken should meet the required emission limits specified.
Notes for facilities subject t o continuous monitoring requirements:
2
No daily mean value of each substance emitted can exceed the required emission limit. 97% of all half-hourly means should not exceed 1.2 times the required emission limit. No 30 minute measurement shall exceed 2.0 times the required emission limit.
Where no threshold value is shown, the standard applies to all emission levels
Extremely tox ic subs tances
Styrene oxide
Class I
PCDD
Class II
PCB PCT
Inorganic substances (solid) Class I
Cadmium and its compounds, expressed as Cd Mercury and its compounds, expressed as Hg Thallium and its compounds, expressed as Tl
Carcinogenic substances
Class I
Class II
Asbestos (chrysotile, crocidolite, amosite, antofillite, actinolite and tremolite) Benzo(a)pyrene Beryllium and its compounds, expressed as Be Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene 2-Naphthylamine and its salts Benzo(a)anthracene Benzo(b)fluoranthene Benzo(j)fluoranthene Benzo(k)fluoranthene Dibenzo (a,h) acridine Dibenzo(a)pyrene Dimethylnitrosamine 5-Nitroacenaphthene 2-Nitronaphthalene 1-Methyl-3-Nitro-1-Nitrosoguanidin
Selenium and its compounds, expressed as Se Tellurium and its compounds, expressed as Te
Class III
Antimony and its compounds, expressed as Sb Cyanides, expressed as CN Chromium(III) and its compounds, expressed as Cr Manganese and its compounds, expressed as Mn Palladium and its compounds, expressed as Pd Lead and its compounds, expressed as Pb Platinum and its compounds, expressed as Pt Quartz, pulverised, if in the form of crystallised silicon expressed as SiO2 Copper and its compounds, expressed as Cu Rhodium and its compounds, expressed as Rh Tin and its compounds, expressed as Sn Vanadium and its compounds, expressed as V
Class II
Arsenic and its compounds, expressed as As Chromium(VI) and its compounds, expressed as Cr Cobalt and its compounds, expressed as Co Dichlorobenzidine and its salts Dimethyl sulphate Ethylenimine Nickel and its compounds, expressed as Ni 4-Aminobiphenyl and its salts Benzidine and its salts 4,4'-Methylene-bis(2-Chloroanilin) and its salts Diethyl sulphate 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine and its salts Hexamethylphosphorotriamide 2-Methylaziridine Methyl azoxymethyl acetate Sulfallate Dimethyl carbamoylchloride 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine and its salts
Inorganic substances (gas/vapour) Class I
Class II
Class III
Acrylonitrile Benzene 1,3-Butadiene 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxipropane (epichlorohydrine) 1,2-Epoxipropane 1,2-Dichloroethane VCM 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol Chloromethyl methyl ether N,N-Dimethylhydrazine Hydrazine Ethylene oxide Ethylene thiourea 2-Nitropropane Bis-Chloromethylether 3-Propanolide 1,3-Propane sultone
Hydrocyanidric acid Bromine and its compounds, expressed as hydrobromic acid Chlorine Fluorine and its compounds, expressed as hydrofluoric acid Hydrogen sulphide
Class III
Chlorocyanide Phosphine Phosgene
Ammonia Gaseous or vaporous inorganic chlorine compounds, excluded chlorocyanide and phosgene, expressed as hydrochloric acid
Organic substances Class I
1-bromo-3-chloropropane 1,1-dichloroethane 1,2-dichloroethylene, cis and trans Ethanoic acid Methyl formiate Nitroethane Nitromethane Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane 1,1,1-trichloroethane 1,3,5-trioxane Anisidine Butylmercaptan
Chlorpicrine Diazomethane Dichloroacetylene Dinitrobenzene Dinitrocresol Hexachlorobutadiene Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Hexafluoroacetone Diglycidyl ether Ethyl acrylate Ethylene imine Ethylmercaptan Isocyanates Methyl acrylate Nitroglycerine Perchloromethylmercaptan 1,4-Dioxane
Class II
Acetaldehyde Chloroacetic acid Formic acid Thioglycolic acid Trichloroacetic acid Phthalic anhydride Maleic anhydride Aniline Benzylchloride Biphenyl Butyl acrylate Butylamine Camphor synthetic Tetrabromomethane Tetrachloromethane Cyclohexylamine Chloroacetaldehyde 1-Chloro-1-nitropentane Cresol Crotonaldehyde 1,2-Dibutylaminoethanol Dibutylphosphate o-Dichlorobenzene 1,1-Dichloroethene Dichloroethylether Dichlorophenol Dichloromethane Diethylamine Diphenylamine Diisopropylamine Dimethylamine Ethylamine Ethanolamine 2-Ethoxyethanol 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate Phenol Phthalates 2-Furaldehyde Furfurol Triiodomethane Isophorone Isopropylamine Methylacrilonitrile Methylamine Methylaniline Bromomethane Methyl N-butylbromide Chloromethane
Methyl 2-cyanoacrilate Methylstyrene 2-Methoxyethanol 2-Methoxyethanol acetate Nitroethane Nitromethane 1-Nitropropane Nitrotoluene Pyretre Pyridine Lead alkyls 2-Propenal 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Tetrachloroethene Tetranitromethane m- and p-Toluidine Tributyl phosphate Trichlorophenol Trichloroethene Trichloromethane Triethylamine Trimethylphosphine Vinylbromide Xylenes (excluded 2,4-xylene) Formaldehyde Acrylic acid Acetonitrile Propionic acid Acetic acid N-Butanol i-Butanol sec-Butanol tert-Butanol Methanol Butyraldehyde p-tert-Butyltoluene 2-Butoxyethanol Caprolactam Carbon disulphide Cyclohexanone Cyclopentadiene Chlorobenzene 2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene o-Chlorostyrene o-Chlorotoluene p-Chlorotoluene Cumene Diacetonalcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl2-pentanone) 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1,1-Dichloroethane Dichloropropane Diethanolamine Diethylformamide Diisobutylketone N,N-Dimethylacetamide N,N-Dimetylformamide Dipropylketone Hexamethylendiamine N-Hexane Ethylamylketone Ethylbenzene Ethylbutylketone Ethyleneglycol Isobutylglycidyl ether Isopropoxyethanol Methyl methacrylate
Methylamylketone o-Methylcyclohexanone Methyl chloroform Methylformiate Methylisobutylketone Methylisobutylcarbinol Naphthalene Propyleneglycol Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether Propionaldehyde Styrene Tetrahydrofurane Trimethylbenzene N-Veratraldehyde Vinyl acetate Vinyltoluene 2,4-Xylene Propanol Isopropanol N-Amyl acetate Methyl benzoate N-Butyl acetate Isobutyl acetate Diethylketone Difluorodibromomethane sec-Hexyl acetate Ethyl formiate Methyl acetate Methylethylketone Methylisopropylketone N-Methylpyrrolidone Pinene N-Propyl acetate
Isopropylen acetate Toluene Xylene Acetone Ethanol Butane Cyclohexane Cyclohexene Chloropentane Chlorobromomethane Chlorodifluoromethane Chloropentafluoroethane Dibromodifluoroethane Dibutylether Dichlorofluoromethane Dichlorotetrafluoroethane Diethylether Diisopropylether Dimethylether Heptane Hexane (technical) Isopropyl ether Ethyl acetate Methylacetylene Methylcyclohexane Pentane 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane Trichlorofluoromethane 1,1,2-Tricloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane Trifluoromethane Trifluorobromomethane
Ap pen di x B – Requ irements fo r c on ti nuo us moni torin g3
(1) Facilities with particles mass flows of 1 to 3 kg/h shall be equipped with measuring instruments at their relevant sources which are capable of continuously monitoring the functioning of the waste gas purification facility and the established emission limits (qualitative measuring instruments). (2) Facilities with particles mass flows of over 3 kg/h shall be equipped with measuring instruments at their relevant sources which continuously determine dust emission mass concentrations. (3) Facilities with dust emissions of Inorganic or Carcinogenic Class I Substances shall be equipped with measuring instruments at their relevant sources which continuously determine the total particles concentrations if the emission mass flow is more than five times greater than one of the relevant mass flows. (4) At facilities emitting gaseous substances in excess of the following mass flows, relevant sources shall be equipped with measuring instruments which continuously determine the mass concentrations of the respective substances: — sulphur dioxide 30 kg/h, — nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide, to be indicated as nitrogen dioxide 30 kg/h, — carbon monoxide as lead substance for evaluating the efficiency of combustion processes 5 kg/h, — carbon monoxide, all other cases 100 kg/h, — fluorine and gaseous inorganic fluorine compounds, to be indicated as hydrogen fluoride 0.3 kg/h, — gaseous inorganic chlorine compounds, to be indicated as hydrogen chloride 1.5 kg/h, — chlorine 0.3 kg/h, — hydrogen sulphide 0.3 kg/h. (5) If sulphur dioxide mass concentrations are measured continuously, sulphur trioxide mass concentrations shall be determined during calibration and included in the calculation. If individual measurements show that nitrogen dioxide proportions in the nitrogen oxide emissions account for less than 10 per cent, continuous measuring of nitrogen dioxide shall be waived and its proportion be calculated. (6) Facilities with mass flows of organic substances, to be indicated as tot al carbon, exceeding for — Organic Class I Substances 1 kg/h, — Organic Substances 2.5 kg/h shall be equipped with measuring instruments at their relevant sources which c ontinuously determine the total carbon. (7) Facilities with mass flows of mercury and its compounds of over 2.5 g/h, to be indicated as Hg, shall be equipped with measuring instruments at their relevant sources which continuously determine mercury mass concentrations. (8) The competent authority shall require facilities emitting Carcinogenic or Extremely Toxic com pounds or substances to be equipped with continuous measuring instruments to determine the mass concentrations if the mass flow exceeds one of the respective mass flows over five times.
3
Adapted and simplified from the TA Luft system enforced in Germany
