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Hihatrnanty Oj` Ae`njk [ntf Pnjmhrao` Duni` vnrtuoi anraunts Ae`h snluioth` lnareaejtreiihrs lnareaejtreiihrs

Oppiy lotf, sanhjah oj` ae`njk smniis `nkntoilohstre.erk

Oprni 12, 42?6

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Hihatrnanty oj` Ae`njk wntf Pnjmhrao`

Pnjmhrao` ns o crhh ejinjh shrvnah wntf oppinaotnejs cer `hsnkjnjk 1@ le`his oj` hihatrejna anraunts. Pfh anraunt snluioter fos dosna hihatrejna aelpejhjts te osshldih o vornhty ec anraunts. Pfh snluioter ns o pioykreuj` cer ihorjnjk hihatrejnas wntfeut tfh hxphjsh ec purafosnjk iets ec hihatrejna aelpejhjts. Pfh snluioter prevn`hs o woy cer us te njthkroth ihssejs ej hihatrnanty. [h oise fovh o woy cer stu`hjts te osshldih anraunts nj o struaturh` hjvnrejlhjt. Pfh snluioter ns hosy te ush oj` oppreprnoth cer stu`hjts ec oii okhs. Pnjmhrao` njaiu`hs thoafhr teeis te lojokh stu`hjt oaaeujts oj` preghats. Ojyejh ?1 yhors oj` ei`hr aoj arhoth tfhnr ewj oaaeujt. Qtu`hjts ?4 oj` yeujkhr orh jet phrlntth` te arhoth oj oaaeujt. O thoafhr oaaeujt phrlnts us te njvnth oj` le`hroth stu`hjt oaaeujts cer tfhsh stu`hjts . Tho` ly ]Loraf ?8tf nssuh\ wfhrh N `hlejstroth few te ush Pnjmhrao` cer 1@ le`hinjk. Pfh nssuh fos njstruatnejs cer arhotnjk stu`hjt oaaeujts oj` lojoknjk tfesh oaaeujts tfreukf Pnjmhrao`.

Oihx Thyhs















Hihatrejnas oj` Ae`njk cer Qanhjah

Podih ec Aejthjts Hihatrejnas oj` ae`njk cer sanhjah……………………………………. ? Aiesh` Anraunt wntf Oj IH@ …………………………………………….. 0 Pfh PnjmhrAo` Rusfduttej ……………………………………………. ?2 Oj IH@ Anraunt wntf O Rusf Duttej Duttej ………………………………….. ?4 Preudihsfeetnj reudihsf eetnjk k tfh Qwntaf …………………………………………… ?0 Pfh Qeiutnej ............... ............................... ................................ ................................. ................................. .......................... .......... ?0

Xsnjk O Qin`h-swntaf Nj Anraunts ……………………………………… ?3 Anraunts oj` Thsnsters ………………………………………………….. 4? Rreghat Rrephrtnhs ………………………………………………………. 46 O Anraunt wntf Oj IH@ oj` oj` Thsnster ………………………………….. 12 Hjfojanjk Anraunts [ntf Orùnje …………………………………….. 18 Em Pnlh Cer Ojetfhr Preudihsfeetnjk Rredihl ...................................1>

Dinjmnjk IH@ …………………………………………………………….. 02
















Hihatrejnas oj` ae`njk cer sanhjah PnjmhrAO@ ns o crhh ejinjh shrvnah cer arhotnjk dosna 1@ sfophs oj` `hvhiepnjk `nkntoi pretetyphs ec hihatrejna aelpejhjts. Pfhsh pretetyphs njaiu`h dosna anraunts wntf IH@ inkfts, duzzhrs, swntafhs, oj` hvhj inkft shjsers. Pfhsh pretetyphs aoj njaiu`h o lnarepreahsser os port ec tfh `hsnkj. Lnarepreahssers orh tfh snlpihst cerl ec aelputhr tfot aoj dh prekrollh`. Pfhy aoj dh prekrollh` te lojnpuioth hihatrejna aelpejhjts inmh IH@ inkfts oj` duzzhrs. Lnarepreahssers aoj dh prekrollh` te kotfhr njcerlotnej crel shjesers oj` njthrprht tfot njcerlotnej. Pfhy orh ush` nj o vornhty ec `hvnahs oii oreuj` us. Pfhy orh nj lnarewovhs, rhcrnkhroters, aors, aelputhrs oj` lojy etfhr hihatrejna `hvnahs. Pfh preahss ush` nj PnjmhrAO@ ns ecthj ush` cer ropn` pretetypnjk. Rretetypnjk ns o preahss wfhrh wh aoj `hvhiep aelpejhjts nj o fflhxndih lojjhr tfoj aoj dh qunamiy upòth` oj` le`n﬏h` te thst o vornhty ec eptnejs wfhj `hvhiepnjk o preghat er preùat. [h wnii ush tfns preahss ec pretetypnjk te ihorj few te arhoth dosna hihatrejna anraunts. Ke evhr te fttps7//tnjmhrao`.ael oj` arhoth o crhh oaaeujt. Pnjmhrao` njthkroths wntf

`nstrnat ushs oatnvh `nrhatery oaaeujts wntf Keekih er Lnaresect.

Ke te tfh ihct sn`h ec tfh pokh octhr iekknjk nj oj` ainam tfh anraunts lhju eptnej.

Ainam tfh arhoth duttej te duni` o jhw anraunt.
















O anraunt preghat ns arhoth` oj` ephjh`. O anraunt preghat njaiu`hs o vornhty ec hihatrejna aelpejhjts. Hihatrejna aelpejhjts njaiu`h IH@s, duttejs, rhsnsters, oj` o pewhr seurah. Pfh aelpejhjts wh aoj ush orh `nspioyh` nj o pojhi ot tfh dettel ec tfh pokh. Pfh Drho`deor` lnkft opphor tee sloii er tee iorkh nj tfh werm orho. Ainam ej tfh zeel te ﬏t duttej se tfh Drho`deor` ns ahjthrh` oj` ﬏iis tfh werm orho.

Aelpejhjts orh aellejiy osshldih` usnjk o Drho`deor`. O Drho`deor` ns o pnhah ec piostna tfot fos shvhroi feihs. Pfhsh feihs orh ush` te fei` `n%hrhjt aelpejhjts. Cnj` tfh Drho`deor` aelpejhjt oj` ainam ej nt ejah.

Pfh Drho`deor` wnii dh shihath` oj` thlperorniy ottoafh` te tfh leush penjthr. Levh tfh leush penjthr ejte tfh

Pfh Drho`deor` fos o krn` ec tfnrty dy thj feihs nj tfh lonj orho. Pfh rews orh juldhrh` ? te 12 oj` tfh aeiuljs orh iodhih` wntf tfh ihtthrs O tfreukf G. Pfh aeiuljs O tfreukf H orh shporoth` crel aeiuljs C tfreukf G dy o pnhah ec piostna.
















Pfh h`khs ec tfh deor` aejtonj twe aeiuljs wntf tfh solh juldhr ec rews. Pfhsh aeiuljs fovh jhkotnvh oj` pesntnvh syldeis. Pfhsh aeiuljs oj` feihs orh ush` cer tfh pewhr suppiy. Pfh aelpejhjts nj tfh ahjthr port ec tfh deor` wnii top njte tfhsh aeiuljs te `row hihatrna aurrhjt.

Levh yeur leush penjthr evhr ejh ec tfh feihs nj tfh ahjthr port ec tfh deor`. Pfh

feih dhjhotf wnii dh n`hjtn﬏h` wntf o rh` squorh oj` o dioam der`hr. Pfh etfhr feihs wnii dh n`hjtn﬏h` wntf krhhj anraihs. Pfhsh krhhj anraihs nj`naoth tfot hoaf feih nj tfh rew ns aejjhath` te hoaf etfhr feih nj tfh rew. Pfhrh ns o wnrh injmnjk ojy aejjhatnej wntfnj tfh solh rew. [h wnii ush tfns injmnjk te fhip `hvhiep aejjhat aelpejhjts.

Iht„s Iht„s gulp nj oj` o j` duni` eur ﬏rst anraunt.


















Aiesh` Anraunt wntf Oj IH@ Eur ﬏rst preghat wnii arhoth o dosna aiesh` anraunt wntf o inkft. Eur inkft wnii dh suppinh` dy o Inkft Hlnttnjk @ne`h, IH@. Ainam tfh Aelpejhjts duttej te ephj tfh aelpejhjts `rowhr nc nt nsj„t oirho`y ephj.

Ainam tfh IH@ aelpejhjt. Nt wnii ottoaf ntshic te tfh leush penjthr.

Oj IH@ fos aejjhatnejs aejjh atnejs tfot lomh nt `n%hrhjt crel o rhkuior inkft duid. Oj IH@ fos ejh aejjhatnej aoiih` o Aotfe`h oj` ojetfhr aoiih` oj Oje`h. Pfh Oje`h iho` ns usuoiiy iejkhr tfoj tfh aotfe`h. Pfns `nstnjatnej ns nlpertojt dhaoush tfh oje`h lust dh aejjhath` te tfh pesntnvh hj` ec oj hihatrna anraunt. Aurrhjt fflews nj ejiy ejh `nrhatnej tfreukf oj IH@.


















Pfh IH@ oje`h nj eur anraunt ns n`hjtn﬏h` dy o dhjt iho`. Pfns ns wfhrh tfh pesntnvh aurrhjt lust aejjhat.

[h jhh` o pewhr seurah te pewhr tfh IH@. Ephj tfh aelpejhjts pojhi oj` ﬏j` o dotthry. [h wnii ush tfh OO dotthry wntf ?.8 veits cer eur ﬏rst anraunt.

[h aoj zeel nj oj` eut ec eur preghat usnjk tfh sareii wfhhi ej eur leush er teuaf khsturhs ej o troam po`, dut tfot aoj dh `n'auit. Nt lnkft dh hosnhr te ush tfhsh sfert aut mhy aeldnjotnejs. Nc yeu orh ej o [njèws er Afrelhdeem aelputhr, fei` tfh Aejtrei mhy oj` prhss tfh Rius mhy te zeel nj er tfh lnjus mhy te zeel eut. Oj o Loa, fei` tfh Aelloj` mhy oj` ush tfh Rius te zeel nj er tfh lnjus te zeel eut. Pop tfh pius er lnjus mhy o aeupih ec tnlhs. Weel eut ec tfh preghat se yeu aoj shh tfh dotthry oiejk sn`h tfh Drho`deor`.

Rioah tfh dotthry oiejk tfh ihct sn`h ec tfh Drho`deor`.


















N ﬏j` nt ushcui cer tfh thrlnjois te dh `nrhatiy oaress crel tfh aejjhaters. [h aoj retoth tfh dotthry se tfh aejjhatnejs orh hosnhr. Ainam tfh dotthry ejah te lomh surh nt ns shihath`. O diuh der`hr opphors oreuj` shihath` aelpejhjts.

Ainam tfh retoth duttej nj tfh duttej dor. Pfns wnii retoth tfh aelpejhjt aieamwnsh nj sloii njarhlhjts ec odeut 12 `hkrhhs hoaf. Ainam tfh duttej tfrhh tnlhs te retoth tfh dotthry >2-`hkrhhs aieamwnsh.

[h jhh` te aejjhat tfh dotthry te tfh Drho`deor` se nt suppinhs veitokh te eur IH@. [h aejjhat aelpejhjts te ejh ojetfhr wfhj tfhy orh jet ej tfh solh rew wntf Iho` wnrhs er Gulphr wnrhs. Pfhsh orh wnrhs aeoth` wntf o piostna oj` hxpesh` hj`s tfot aoj dh ush` te gulp crel ejh aelpejhjt te ojetfhr. Pfns ns ejh rhosej tfhy orh aoiih` gulphr wnrhs. Levh yeur leush penjthr evhr tfh tep thrlnjoi. O squorh wnii opphor evhr tfh thrlnjoi oj` o iodhi wnii opphor n`hjtncynjk tfh thrlnjoi os tfh jhkotnvh dotthry thrlnjoi.


















tfot oii tfhsh feihs orh genjh` oj` aoj dh ush` te aejjhat tfh jhkotnvh hj` ec wnrhs er aelpejhjts.

pojhi ns ieaoth` ej tfh rnkft sn`h ec tfh pokh. Ainam tfh aeier shihater.

Qhihat tfh rh` aeier. aeier. Thphot tfh preahss wntf tfh pesntnvh thrlnjoi oj` pioah tfh gulphr wnrh ejte tfh pesntnvh feih ej tfh drho`deor`. [fhj o aejjhatnej ns aelpihth tfh hj`s ec tfh wnrh wnii dh n`hjtn﬏h` wntf anraihs.

Thphot tfh preahss cer tfh jhkotnvh thrlnjoi wnrh oj` afojkh tfh wnrh aeier te dioam.

Pfns ns o snlpih anraunt wntf ejiy o chw wnrhs


















Ejh ec tfh dhjh﬏ts ec usnjk o Drho`deor` ns tfot aelpejhjts aoj dh hosniy levh` oreuj` te cerl jhw aejjhatnejs er te lomh reel cer etfhr aelpejhjts. Ainam oj` `rok tfh IH@ te aeiulj c.

Eur anraunt ns jew aelpihth. [h sfeui` afojkh tfh aeier er eur wnrhs se tfhy lotaf tfh peiorntnhs.

Pfh IH@ wnii inkft up wfhj wh fovh o aiesh` anraunt. Pfns anraunt nsj„t aiesh` yht. [h jhh` twe wnrhs te aiesh tfh anraunt. Ejh wnrh cer tfh pesntnvh oj` ejh cer jhkotnvh. Pfh pesntnvh aurrhjt lust fflew tfreukf tfh oje`h nj eur IH@. Ainam ej Tew 0 Aeiulj G te dhknj o gulphr wnrh. Aejjhat tfh etfhr hj` ec tfh wnrh te tfh pesntnvh aeiulj.

Nj tfh snluiotnej, jetfnjk fopphjs ujtni wh ruj tfh snluiotnej. Ainam tfh Qtort Qnluiotnej duttej.




















Pfh IH@ ej tfh Drho`deor` wnii afojkh te o inkfthr aeier te snluioth tfot tfh IH@ fos turjh` ej.

Qhihat twe dotthrnhs.

Pfh IH@ èhsj„t opphor oii tfot drnkft. Pfot nsj„t dhaoush ec tfh prekrol dut dhaoush ec tfh veitokh dhnjk suppinh` te tfh IH@. Pfh snjkih dotthry wh ush` nj tfh anraunt ns suppiynjk o iew veitokh. Nj tfns hxolpih, wh wojt o iew veitokh dhaoush IH@s fovh o inlnt. Pee luaf veitokh oj` tfh IH@ wnii

Qtort tfh snluiotnej oj` edshrvh wfot




















Pfh PnjmhrAo` Rusfduttej Nj tfns ihssej wh wnii dh usnjk o pusfduttej te aelpihth o anraunt wntf oj IH@. Dhcerh arhotnjk tfh anraunt wntf tfh pusfduttej, iht„s tomh o ieem ot few tfh pusfduttej werms. Pfh pusfduttej ns o thlperory aejjhatnej. Ainamnjk tfh leush duttej ej yeur aelputhr evhr tfh pusfduttej wnii snluioth pusfnjk o duttej oj` aiesnjk o anraunt. Pfh lhafojnsl cer ènjk tfns ns jet vnsndih se N fovh arhoth` niiustrotnejs te fhip hxpionj. Pfh duttej fos ejh iorkh anraih nj tfh ahjthr tfot ns ush` te aiesh tfh anraunt. Pfhrh orh ceur aejjhaters ej tfh pusfduttej. Pfhrh ns ejh aejjhater ej hoaf aerjhr ec tfh duttej.

Ieemnjk ot tfh duttej crel tfh sn`h wh shh tfot tfh duttej ffleots odevh tfh twe wnrhs wntf o sprnjk. Pfh sprnjk nsj„t sfewj nj tfh nlokh. [fhj tfh duttej ns odevh tfh wnrhs os sfewj nj tfh niiustrotnej, tfh hihatrna aurrhjt aojjet fflew tfreukf tfh anraunt. Pfh aurrhjt ns sfewj nj tfh nlokh ushs o rh` òsfh` orrew penjtnjk up.




















aoj dh lo`h te `nokejoiiy eppesnth hj`s os sfewj nj tfh nlokh dhiew.

Nc wh aejjhat o anraunt crel ejh sn`h ec tfh swntaf te tfh solh sn`h ec tfh swntaf ej tfh etfhr hj`, tfhj tfh wnrh wntfnj tfh swntaf wnii oiiew aurrhjt te fflew tfreukf wfhj tfh duttej ns jet prhssh`.

Aejjhatnejs aoj oise dh lo`h ot tfh eppesnth hj` crel tfh etfhr aejjhatnej os sfewj nj tfh nlokh dhiew.




















Oj IH@ Anraunt Anraunt wntf O Rusf Duttej Anraunts usuoiiy fovh o duttej tfot ns ush` te ephj oj` aiesh tfh anraunt. [h wnii dh usnjk tfh solh anraunt aejstruath` nj tfh prhvneus ihssej oj` o`` o duttej.

tfot tfh duttej ns aejjhath` te ejh hj` ec tfh IH@, oj` tfh gulphr wnrh rujjnjk crel g1 ns aejjhath` te tfh jhkotnvh roni. [h jhh` te levh tfh gulphr wnrh crel tfh pesntnvh thrlnjoi se nt aejjhats te tfh etfhr sn`h ec tfh duttej. Pfns wnii aelpihth tfh anraunt.

Ephj tfh aelpejhjts pojhi oj` ﬏j` tfh Rusfduttej aelpejhjt. Ainam ejah ej tfh pesntnvh thrlnjoi gulp




















pesntnvh hj` ec eur dotthry poam te tfh etfhr hj` ec tfh drho`deor`. Ainam tfh pesntnvh thrlnjoi wnrh.

Ainam oj` `rok tfh hj` ec tfh wnrh te tfh etfhr sn`h ec tfh drho`deor` oj` aejjhat nt te tfh pesntnvh sn`h ec tfh roni.

Levh tfh leush penjthr te tfh hj` ec tfh wnrh tfot ns aejjhath` te tfh drho`deor`. Pfh aejjhatnej penjt ec tfh wnrh wnii fnkfinkft oj` o wfnth èt wnii opphor wfhrh tfh wnrh aejjhats te tfh drho`deor`. Ainam ej tfns wfnth èt te `htoaf oj` `rok tfh wnrh te ojetfhr ieaotnej.

Aejjhat o gulphr wnrh crel tfh pesntnvh roni te tfh rew tfot lotafhs tfh eppesnth sn`h ec tfh duttej.






















Preudihsfeetnjk tfh Qwntaf N èj„t inmh te seivh predihls cer ly ou`nhjah ùrnjk prhshjtotnejs oj` N wej„t seivh tfh predihl cer yeu fhrh hntfhr. Tuj tfh snluiotnej oj` prhss tfh duttej. @ehs tfh IH@ turj ej5 [fot è yeu tfnjm ns tfh rhosej cer tfh IH@ jet wermnjk os wh njthj`h`5 N„ii knvh yeu o fnjt. Pfh oje`h ej tfh IH@ lust dh aejjhath` te tfh pesntnvh aejjhatnej ec tfh hihatrna aurrhjt fflew.

Pfh Qeiutnej




















Octhr levnjk tfh IH@ tfh jhkotnvh gulphr wnrh ns je iejkhr aejjhath` te tfh aotfe`h hj` ec tfh IH@. [h èj„t jhh` te `hihth tfh gulphr wnrh. Hxnstnjk gulphr wnrhs aoj dh levh`. Ainam ejah ej tfh gulphr wnrh oj` levh ejh hj` se nt aejjhats tfh aotfe`h ec tfh IH@. Pfns ns tfh aelpihth` anraunt.




















Xsnjk O Qin`h-swntaf Nj Anraunts Nj tfh prhvneus ihssej wh ush` o Rusfduttej te poss veitokh te tfh IH@. Pfh Rusfduttej ns o thlperory duttej. [fhj tfh duttej ns rhihosh`, se ns tfh aejjhatnej tfot aieshs tfh anraunt. O Qin`h Qwntaf ns lerh phrlojhjt dhaoush nt wnii aejtnjuh te lonjtonj hntfhr oj ephj er aiesh anraunt wntfeut tfh ushr fovnjk te mhhp o ﬏jkhr ej tfh swntaf.

Cnj` tfh Qin`h-swntaf aelpejhjt oj` pioah nt ej tfh drho`deor`.




















Kht oj IH@ te pioah ej tfh drho`deor`.

Rioah tfh IH@ nj tfh upphr foic ec tfh drho`deor` oj` ihovh spoah cer gulphr

Aejjhat tfh jhkotnvh oj` pesntnvh dotthry thrlnjois te tfh aerrhspej`njk feihs ej tfh drho`deor`. @ej„t cerkht te afojkh tfh gulphr wnrh aeiers.




















Aejjhat o gulphr wnrh crel tfh pesntnvh roni te tfh ahjthr iho` ej tfh swntaf.

Ainam tfh ’Qtort Qnluiotnej“ duttej.









































Aejjhat tfh wnrh te tfh rew tfot aejjhats tfh rnkft sn`h ec tfh swntaf iho`.

Pfh anraunt ns ephj oj` tfh inkft ns jet rhahnvh aurrhjt er veitokh.




















Anraunts oj` Thsnsters Nj tfh prhvneus ihssejs wh arhoth` o anraunt tfot int oj IH@. Nj ejh ec tfh ihssejs wh o``h` twe dotthrnhs te tfh anraunt oj` tfh

lokjhts. Oj`rî-Lornh Olpærh, wfe wos Crhjaf, ush` nt nj o Crhjaf pfrosh, ’njthjsntî `h aeurojt, (aurrhjt njthjsnty)“. Qe































































































































































































































































































Electronic Circuit Basics With TinkerCAD

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