POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Chapter 1 The problem and its background Introduction
Howard Gardner's M!t"p!e Inte!!"#en$e Theor% te!!s s that e&er% !earner "s n"e and "s #"(ted w"th d"((erent s)"!!s* There(ore+ ed$ators sha!! "nte#rate the"r tea$h"n# strate#"es and too!s w"th the"r stdents' "nte!!"#en$es* Tea$h"n# !"teratre to non,!an#a#e -a.or stdents (or e/a-p!e sha!! 0e pa$)ed w"th strate#"es that w"!! he!p the- to appre$"ate "t* Sopho-ore stdents o( PUP Co!!e#e o( H-an "net"$s pro0a0!% wonder wh% the% ha&e !"teratre $orses* The% "ns"st that "t "s not s"#n"("$ant to the"r ("e!d2 that "s wh%+ wh%+ so-e so-e (a"! (a"! to pa pass ss the the s0. s0.e$ e$t* t* The The ot otat at"o "on n 0% 3r"sto r"stot! t!e2 e2 4The 4The roots roots o( ed$a ed $at" t"on on are 0"tt 0"tter er++ 0 0tt the the (r" (r"tt "s sweet sweet55 $an $an "n(e "n(err that that non !an# !an#a a#e #e -a.o -a.or r stdents stdents -a% not nderstand nderstand at !east (or now how !"teratre !"teratre $an a"d the- w"th the"r $hosen ("e!d* Moreo&er+ peop!e who wr"te !"terar% p"e$es 0e$o-e &o$a! "n e/press"n# the"r e-ot"ons to papers and ha&e n-eros d"((erent st%!es "n wr"t"n# !"teratre wh"$h $an 0e the w"ndow (or peop!e to &"ew aspe$ts o( !"(e %ears 0a$)* Hope Towner 6778+ stated "n her art"$!e that !"teratre "s the re(!e$t"on o( one's $!tre* It "s the e&"den$e o( h"stor%+ and h"stor% te!!s s stor"es o( e/per"en$es* 9e"n# the 0est tea$her+ e/per"en$es tea$h s how to so!&e pro0!e-s+ pred"$t other pro0!e-s that -a% o$$r ne/t+ and and how th"n#s are to 0e done* Hen$e+ !"teratre he!ps he!ps s de&e!op or $apa0"!"t"es and "-pro&e or se!(,$o-peten$%* L"teratre "s not a s"-p!e s0.e$t
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES that stdents .st need to pass* Frther-ore+ these stdents need to rea!":e that as a F"!"p"no and soon to 0e tea$hers+ one o( the"r dt"es "s to pro-ote nat"ona!"s- to the"r stdents* It "s a tra"t that sho!d 0e )ept "n(!a-e thro#h #enerat"ons* It "s "-portant (or !an#a#e -a.ors to )now and see that non,!an#a#e -a.ors a!so need to e/per"en$e and !earn !"teratre* Th"s std% "s a0ot en#a#"n# non, !an#a#e stdents to 0etter nderstand"n# o( d"((erent $!tres o( the wor!d* In th"s wa%+ the% $an a!so de&e!op the"r a0"!"t% and s)"!!s "n e/press"n# the"r (ee!"n#s and the"r poet"$ s"des* Th"s std% a"-s to see) and $"te d"((erent strate#"es "n tea$h"n# !"teratre to non,!an#a#e -a.or stdents as we!! as to pro&e the "-portan$e o( !"teratre to the-* 3!so+ "t a"-s to 0ene("t not on!% the tea$hers pon the e((e$t"&e tea$h"n# o( !"teratre 0t a!so the non,!an#a#e -a.or stdents thro#h he!p"n# theappre$"ate the 0eat% o( !"teratre or o( read"n# "n #enera!* Background of the Study
9e"n# "n th"s #enerat"on+ we $annot den% the (a$t that stdents $an;t hard!% nderstand !essons "( the% are not rea!!% (o$sed and "nterested and a!so "( the"r !e$trer !e$trerss don don;t ;t #"&e #"&e the"r the"r (!! (!! attent attent"on "on to tea$h" tea$h"n# n# $erta" $erta"n n top"$s* top"$s* It $o!d $o!d a!so a!so 0e$ase o( the -odern te$hno!o#% rap"d!% do-"nat"n# a!! o&er e&er%where* It $an a!so a!so 0e 0e$as 0e$ase e o( the"r the"r d"((er d"((erent ent !"(est% !"(est%!es* !es* 3!tho 3!tho#h #h the% are std%" std%"n#+ n#+ so-e so-e stdent stdentss #"&e #"&e -ore -ore "-port "-portan$e an$e to the"r the"r e/tra$ e/tra$rr" rr"$!a $!arr a$t"&" a$t"&"t"e t"ess that that are -ore -ore appea!"n# to the- rather than the"r other s0.e$ts* Th"s "s wh% we (o$sed on th"s top"$* The "-portan$e o( th"s std% "s to "dent"(% and de&e!op <"( not the -ost
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES a$$rate> the -ost re!at"&e!% a$$rate strate#"es "n tea$h"n# !"teratre espe$"a!!% to those those wh who o are are no non,! n,!an# an#a# a#e e -a.o -a.ors rs s$h s$h as the the std stden ents ts wh who o are ta)" ta)"n# n# p 9a$he!or 9a$he!or o( Ph%s"$a! Ed$at"on* Ed$at"on* ?e want to "dent"(% "dent"(% these strate#"es strate#"es that w"!! -a)e the- appre$"ate std%"n# !"teratre desp"te the"r &er% a$t"&e !"(est%!e and s$hed!es* ?e want to arran#e strate#"es $o-pat"0!e to the"r !earn"n# st%!es* In that wa%+ the% w"!! ("nd std%"n# a0ot !"teratre en.o%a0!e*
Theoretical Framework
In spport"n# a std%+ we need to ("nd proo(s to show that or std% "s a$h"e&a0!e* Here are so-e theor"es that are re!ated to or std%@ Transactional Theory
Transa$t"ona! theor%+ as "t app!"es to !"terar% $r"t"$"s- and the tea$h"n# o( !"teratre+ s##ests a re$"pro$a!+ -ta!!% de("n"n# re!at"onsh"p 0etween the reader and the !"terar% te/t* The ter- A"ntera$t"on; $on.res a p"$tre o( separate o0.e$ts en$onter"n# one another 0t re-a"n"n# essent"a!!% n$han#ed !")e 0"!!"ard 0a!!s 0on$"n# o(( one another+ and ths "s an "nadeate and -"s!ead"n# !a0e! (or the -ta! -ta!!% !% shap"n# shap"n# e/$han# e/$han#e e 0etwee 0etween n reader reader and te/t te/t
* >* That That e/$ha e/$han#e n#e++ a tran transa$ sa$t" t"on on++ "s -ore -ore a$$ a$$rat rate!% e!% $hara $hara$t $ter" er":e :ed d 0% 3nn nn"e "e D"!! D"!!ard ard's 's -etaphor* She wr"tes@
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES The -"nd ("ts the wor!d and shapes "t as a r"&er ("ts and shapes "ts own 0an)s <18B6>* Transa$t"ona! theor% proposes that the re!at"onsh"p 0etween reader and te/t "s -$h !")e that 0etween the r"&er and "ts 0an)s+ ea$h wor)"n# "ts e((e$ts pon the other+ ea$h $ontr"0t"n# to the shape o( the poe-* Th"s theor% states that when a stdent or reader "s read"n# a !"terar% te/t+ "t "s not on!% the te/t wh"$h #"&es an "n(or-at"on or "ns"#ht a0ot a $erta"n top"$ 0t the reader "s a!so a0!e to $o-pare what he )nows a0ot the top"$ to what "s wr"tten on the te/t* The tea$her !ets the stdent to $reate h"s own p"$tre "n h"s -"nd+ a$$ord"n# to how he nderstands the te/t* 9% do"n# th"s+ "n(or-at"on "n a stdent o&er (!ow and he "s a0!e to we"#h whether a !"terar% p"e$e "s #ood or #reat* 3t the sa-e t"-e+ the athor $an $ons"der the reader;s tho#hts* In other words+ there "s an "ntera$t"on that o$$rs* In re!at"on to or std%+ th"s theor% "-p!"es that peop!e ha&e d"((erent "deas a0ot $erta"n th"n#s* ?e sppose 0% tea$h"n# !"teratre+ tea$hers $an en$ora#e the stdents to ponder the"r tho#hts w"th the e/"st"n# ones to th"n) $r"t"$a!!%*
Social Learning Theory
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES So$"a! Learn"n# Theor%+ de&e!oped 0% S"r 3!0ert 9andra+ states that a !earner !earns 0% o0ser&"n# 0eha&"ors+ pra$t"$es+ and the ot$o-es o( those 0eha&"ors* Th"s theor% shows three )"nds o( e((e$t "n e/pos"n# a stdent to a -ode!* These are -ode!"n# e((e$t+ where0% a !earner a$"res new )"nds o( response patterns2 "nh"0"tor% or d"s"nh"0"tor% e((e$t+ where0% the !earner de$reases or "n$reases the (reen$%+ !aten$% or "ntens"t% o( pre&"os!% a$"red responses2 and e!"$"t"n# e((e$t+ where0% the !earner -ere!% re$e"&es (ro- the -ode! a $e (or re!eas"n# a response that "s ne"ther new nor "nh"0"ted* Th"s theor% "s now $oord"nated w"th tea$h"n# thro#h -ode!"n#2 a tea$her;s 0as"$ te$hn"e* In re!at"n# the theor% to or std%+ those ot$o-es o( 0eha&"ors o( $erta"n persons $an 0e !"terar% p"e$es* 9% read"n# these p"e$es+ a !earner "s a0!e to &"ew one;s wa% o( wr"t"n# e-ot"ons* In tea$h"n# !"teratre+ these !"terar% p"e$es stand as -ode!s and as the theor% sa%s+ !earners $an 0e a0!e to e&a!ate whether what the% are read"n# "s a$$epta0!e or not* 3!so+ the% are a0!e to de$"de whether a $erta"n p"e$e "s worth% o( appre$"at"on or not*
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Conceptual Framework
INPUT
Respondents Pro("!e@ 1*1 Na-e
THROUGHPUT
OUTPUT
For-!at"n# o(
The E((e$t"&e Strate#"es "n
est"onna"res*
Tea$h"n# L"teratre to
1*6 3#e
Sopho-ore Stdents o(
1*= Gender
D"str"0t"on o( sr&e%
PUP Co!!e#e o( H-an
1* Se$t"on
est"onna"res to the
"net"$s S$hoo! Year 671,
respondents*
671
Sr&e% est"onna"res Co!!e$t"on o( the sr&e% est"onna"res*
Ta!!%"n# o( the res!ts (rothe data #athered*
3na!%:"n# the ta!!"ed data*
S--ar":"n# a!! the data*
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Statement of the Problem
The std% a"-s to answer the (o!!ow"n# s0 pro0!e-s@ 1* ?hat "s the de-o#raph"$ pro("!e o( the stdents "n ter-s o( na-e+ a#e+ se$t"on 6* ?hat are the $o--on #enres or p"e$es o( !"teratre that are 0e"n# ta#ht to non,!an#a#e $orses
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES =* ?hat are the 0ene("ts o( !earn"n# !"teratre to non,!an#a#e * ?hat "s the -a"n prpose o( non,!an#a#e stdents "n std%"n# !"teratre * How the (a$tors are "n tea$h"n# !"teratre a((e$t the non,!an#a#e stdents "n std%"n# !"teratre $orses * ?hat are the e((e$t"&e strate#"es "n tea$h"n# !"teratre to 9PE sopho-ore stdents Hypothesis
The std% tested the (o!!ow"n# h%potheses@ There are $erta"n strate#"es that are (reent!% sed 0% ed$ators and are 0e!"e&ed to 0e e((e$t"&e and 0ene("$"a! to the stdents and that w"!! he!p the- "n std%"n# and appre$"at"n# !"teratre* Scope and Limitations
The respondents o( th"s std% are the sopho-ore non,!an#a#e -a.or stdents o( Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes Co!!e#e o( H-an "net"$s2 spe$"("$a!!% the 9a$he!or "n Ph%s"$a! Ed$at"on II,1+ II,6+ and II,=+ s$hoo! %ear 671, 671* The std% (o$sed on the strate#"es that are -ost!% sed "n tea$h"n# !"teratre to the-* It a!so "n&o!&ed the stdents; "ns"#hts a0ot the need to std% !"teratre desp"te not 0e"n# !an#a#e -a.ors* The std% d"d not "n&o!&e !an#a#e -a.ors and other $orses "n Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes e/$!d"n# sopho-ore 9PE* Th"s std% has no "ntent"on to pro&e or "ns"st that a part"$!ar strate#% "s not e((e$t"&e to 0e o( se*
B
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Significance of the Study
To the Teachers@ 9% std%"n# the per$ept"ons o( the stdents and strate#"es sed "n tea$h"n#+ !e$trers w"!! 0e a0!e to 0"!d the"r )now!ed#e o( poss"0!e wa%s to "-p!e-ent -ore e((e$t"&e and -ot"&at"ona! strate#"es "n tea$h"n# !"teratre to stdents o( an% -a.or* To the Students@ The -ater"a! $an #"&e the stdents a new perspe$t"&e a0ot !"teratre as th"s std% re!ates the s0.e$t onto the"r ("e!d* To the Parents@ The res!ts o( th"s std% -a% #"&e the- &"ews on what are the (a$tors that a((e$ts the"r $h"!dren and the"r per(or-an$e "n !"teratre s0.e$ts* To the Future esearchers@ Th"s std% -a% ser&e as a re(eren$e -ater"a! (or (tre std"es re#ard"n# tea$h"n# strate#"es*
!efinition of Terms "id
to pro&"de w"th what "s se(! or ne$essar% "n a$h"e&"n# #oa!s*
"spect
a part"$!ar stats or phase "n wh"$h so-eth"n# appears or -a%0e re#arded*
#ffecti$e
prod$"n# a res!t that "s wanted*
#ngage
to #et and )eep so-eone's attent"on+ "nterest+ et$*
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Integrate
to -a)e so-eth"n# a part o( another !ar#er th"n#*
Literature
wr"tten wor)s s$h as poe-s+ p!a%s+ and no&e! that are $ons"dered to 0e &er% #ood and to ha&e !ast"n# "-portan$e*
Poetic
ha&"n# a 0eat"(! or #ra$e(! a!"t%*
Promote
to he!p so-eth"n# happen+ de&e!op+ or "n$rease*
Significant ha&"n# a spe$"a! or h"dden -ean"n#* Strategy
a $are(! p!an or -ethod (or a$h"e&"n# a part"$!ar #oa! sa!!% o&er a !on# per"od o( t"-e*
%ocal
e/press"n# op"n"ons "n a p0!"$ and (or$e(! wa%*
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Chapter 6 #%I#& 'F #L"T#! LIT#"T(# ")! ST(!I#S
The re&"ew o( re!ated !"teratre and std"es o( th"s std% (o$ses on the E((e$t"&e Strate#"es "n Tea$h"n# L"teratre Sopho-ore Stdents o( Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes Co!!e#e o( H-an "net"$s S$hoo! Year 671,671*
"* elated Literature Foreign Literature
L"teratre o((ers a 0ont"(! and e/tre-e!% 0od% o( wr"tten -ater"a! wh"$h "s "-portant "n the sense that "t sa%s so-eth"n# a0ot the (nda-enta! "sses+ and wh"$h the endr"n# rather than ephe-era! * L"teratre )eeps or h"stor% "nta$t and "n re$ord* Crrent "sses and trends o( the past are re$orded thro#h !"teratre (or the readers o( the (tre2 "t "--orta!":es the e&ents* 3$$ord"n# to Gada-er 18+ the wa% to esta0!"sh a $onne$t"on to the wor)s o( the past "s to $ons"der that the% are $onne$ted to the present* M"sta)es o( the past !ea&e !essons (or the (tre* L"teratre does not on!% )eep re$ord 0t "t he!ps s ta!) to the hearts* 3s tea$hers+ we o#ht to &a!e or &a!es (or we are to 0e$o-e ro!e -ode!s o( or stdents* L"teratre "s a #ood -ater"a! that wo!d he!p to "n(!en$e the !earners; !"(e* 3 (a$tor to $ons"der "s to e&a!ate whether a part"$!ar wor) w"!! 0e a0!e to st"-!ate the )"nd o( persona! "n&o!&e-ent we ha&e .st des$r"0ed2 0% aros"n# !earners' "nterests and pro&o)"n# stron#+ pos"t"&e rea$t"ons (ro- the- and the a&a"!a0"!"t% o( &ar"et% o( a$t"&"t"es ena0!es the tea$her to $on$entrate on -eet"n#
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES stdents' wea)nesses "n part"$!ar s)"!! areas* To oanne Co!"e and Stephen Ca-+ a$$ord"n#!% 18B+ tea$h"n# !"teratre w"th en.o%a0!e stdent,$entered a$t"&"t"es "s "-portant when tea$h"n# non,!an#a#e spe$"a!"sts 0e$ase s"n# the tea$her, $entered approa$h s$h as est"on and answer on!% -a)e the stdents -ost!% (a"! to "nterna!":e the te/t* In add"t"on+ stdents who do not see the"r $!tre re(!e$ted "n !"teratre -a% 0e!"e&e that the% ha&e no &a!e and !"tt!e or no "-portan$e "n so$"et% and s$hoo! <9"shop+ 1886>* The reader shares trad"t"on "n wh"$h he !"&es "n* E&er% #ood tea$her sha!! 0e a0!e to &ar% peda#o#"$a! pra$t"$es to -eet the needs o( stdent !earn"n#+ not a$$ord"n# to so-e a0stra$t de("n"t"on s$h as A$o!!a0orat"&e !earn"n# "s a!wa%s 0est; and so-e "deo!o#"$a! $o--"t-ent to a s"n#!e -ethod !")e the Ade-o$rat"$ stdent,$entered $!assroo-; * The e/per"-enta! natre o( tea$h"n# sho!d a!wa%s 0e re#arded as a &"rte * Local Literature
So$"a! ?or) "s spposed to !oo) at !"(e as a who!e* 9t to see and dea! w"th !"(e as a who!e+ two th"n#s are ne$essar%2 the $!tre o( art+ espe$"a!!% as per$e"&ed "n $reat"&e !"teratre2 and the order o( s$"en$e * Th"s state-ent spports the "dea that !"teratre was one o( the 0ene("$"a! (a$tors that we sho!d $ons"der "n !"(e* ?e $an "-p!% that !"teratre was "nta$t to or wa% o( !"(e* It $o!d s"-p!% -ean that "n order (or s to e/p!ore what !"(e "s+ we sho!d )now ("rst!% how to appre$"ate "t+ and w"th th"s+ we $an se !"teratre as a wa% to appre$"ate !"(e* Th"s state-ent "s a!so app!"$a0!e not .st w"th spe$"("$ #rop o( peop!e 0t w"th e&er%one* In the Ph"!"pp"ne sett"n#+ "t was sa"d that the taste o( %oth to !"teratre de$reases as
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES t"-e #oes 0% 0e$ase o( the -odern":at"on* Th"s was pro&ed 0% Ca!"n#a$"on;s $"tat"on (ro- an art"$!e o( Ga-a!"nda* He stated that the present #enerat"on has 0een ra"sed "n ("!- and te!e&"s"on+ and the "n(r"n#e-ent o( these &ar"os -ed"a has d"stra$ted attent"on awa% (ro- read"n# <677>* 3!so+ there were on!% (ew non, !an#a#e stdents who are en#a#"n# the-se!&es to !"teratre and -ost o( the0e!"e&e "n the stereot%pe that !"teratre "s not essent"a! on the"r $hosen ("e!d* Desp"te o( the stereot%pes+ st"!!+ !"teratre $an 0e 0ene("$"a! (or e&er%one* ?e $an sa% that !"teratre -"rrors how we !"&ed "n the past and how the (tre w"!! 0e thro#h the otat"on@ The% e&o)e those "-a#es o( orse!&es as we !"&e !"(e da% and n"#ht+ those "-a#es o( orse!&es wh"$h we share and 0% wh"$h we re$o#n":e or nat"&"t%* ?e are or own 0est "nterpreters o( or h"stor% and $!tre 0e$ase "t "s we who ha&e !"&ed thro#h that h"stor% and $reated or own &a!es 0% wh"$h we !"&e <30ad+ 677=>* It "s a 0"# he!p (or the (tre #enerat"on to ha&e an "ns"#ht o( how the"r $!tre was (or-ed (or the- to 0e a0!e to d"s$o&er and rea!":e th"n#s* It a!so he!ps and $ontr"0tes to (or-"n# the &a!es o( the "nd"&"da!* 3nother 0ene("t o( !earn"n# !"teratre was art"$!ated "n Pe("an$o Mart"n;s 0oo) AThe L"teratre F"!"p"no Stdents Do Not Read; "n 677* It "s ar#ed+ as "t was stated "n that 0oo)+ that !"teratre pro&"des not on!% a wea!th o( )now!ed#e a0ot other $!tres 0t a!so an e/posre to e/$e!!ent En#!"sh* Ths+ !"terar% te/ts are presented as -ode!s on wh"$h stdents -st pattern the"r !an#a#e* L"teratre does not .st (o$s on o0ta"n"n# )now!ed#e and !earn"n# the past 0t a!so "t "s $ons"dered as an e/posre and a #ood tra"n"n# #rond to !earn deeper nderstand"n# o( En#!"sh !an#a#e* So-e stdents -"#ht not
1=
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (ee! the 0ene("t o( !"teratre as the% std% the $orse* 9t then+ "n the (tre+ the% w"!! sre!% 0are the (r"t o( "t and $an app!% "t "n the"r $hosen ("e!d* ?hen "t $o-es to approa$hes and te$hn"es+ there were a !ot o( F"!"p"nos who a$ta!!% ha&e so-eth"n# to sa% or pro&e "n tea$h"n# !"teratre* La:aro as what stated 0% Fernande: 18B+ e/p!a"ned that the te/t "tse!( "s noth"n# n!ess appre$"ated 0% the readers* Readers sho!d )now how to !"sten $reat"&e!% "n order (or the- to 0e a0!e to nderstand the essen$e o( the te/t* 3n approa$h was des$r"0ed 0% Ca!"n#a$"on $"t"n# Poo!e%;s state-ent that he presented as the need o( the ora! or per(or-ed approa$h o( tea$h"n# !"teratre as@ L"teratre has to #et nder the h"de to 0e tr!% e/per"en$ed and appre$"ated+ and (or those o( to#h h"de+ s"!ent std% o( the pr"nted pa#e "s rare!% eno#h <18>* He "ns"sts that stdents $an !earn 0% per(or-"n# !"teratre and 0% the se o( s"!ent or "nd"&"da! read"n#* B* elated Studies Foreign Studies
Ro0son <18B8> e/p!"$ates that s"n$e there are a host o( s%nta$t"$ and !e/"$a! d"(("$!t"es "nherent "n !"teratre+ "t $an do !"tt!e or noth"n# to he!p !earners 0e$o-e a $o-petent sers o( En#!"sh !an#a#e* There are n-eros 0ene("ts o( tea$h"n# !"teratre "n the $!assroo-* 3part (ro- o((er"n# a d"st"n$t !"terar% wor!d wh"$h $an w"den !earners; nderstand"n# o( the"r own and other $!tres+ "t $an $reate opportn"t"es (or persona! e/press"on as we!! as re"n(or$e !earners; )now!ed#e o( !e/"$a! and #ra--at"$a! str$tre* Moreo&er+ an "nte#rated approa$h to the se o( !"teratre o((ers !earners strate#"es to ana!%:e and "nterpret !an#a#e "n $onte/t "n order to re$o#n":e not on!% how !an#a#e "s
1
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES -an"p!ated+ 0t a!so wh%* 3n "nte#rated approa$h to the se o( !"teratre "n the !an#a#e $!assroo- o((ers (ore"#n !an#a#e !earners the opportn"t% to de&e!op not on!% the"r !"n#"st"$ and $o--n"$at"&e s)"!!s 0t a!so the"r )now!ed#e a0ot !an#a#e "n a!! "ts d"s$orse t%pes* The se o( !"terar% te/ts "n the !an#a#e $!assroo- $an 0e a potent"a!!% power(! peda#o#"$ too! * The std"es -ent"oned "n o( Har"." <677=> stated that $h"!dren who read re#!ar!% "n ho-e are %on#sters who 0e$o-e ear!% readers+ show a natra! "nterest "n 0oo)s and are -ot"&ated to read* Th"s was pro&en 0% the o!d std"es -ent"oned "n Sa&&"do;s "n$!d"n# those o( Cha-0ers; "n 18B=+ wh"$h he stated that readers are -ade and not 0orn2 and o( G!a:er;s "n 18B+ wh"$h he stated that !"teratre "s -ore e/per"en$ed than ta#ht* The sooner !earners $an start to en.o% !"teratre+ the 0etter* Sa&&"do <677> #a&e )e% po"nts "n h"s std% (or tea$hers "n tea$h"n# !"teratre* To h"-+ tea$hers -st en$ora#e $h"!dren to see the"r read"n# o( !"teratre as a sor$e o( est"ons to th"n) a0ot rather than answers to a$$ept+ as) $h"!dren to Aparrot; the responses and "nterpretat"ons o( other peop!e part"$!ar!% those w"th athor"t% o&er the-+ en$ora#e $h"!dren to ha&e the"r own "deas a0ot what the% read+ en$ora#e $h"!dren to e/$han#e the"r &"ewpo"nts w"th others and respe$t the d"((eren$es+ and pro&"de $h"!dren w"th d"&erse e/per"en$es o( !"teratre* 3!so+ "t wo!d 0e 0ene("$"a! to ta)e ad&anta#e o( the (a$t that -an% stdents are "nsp"red 0% &"sa! and e!e$tron"$ resor$es and respond sens"t"&e!% to s$h -ater"a!s* Var"et% o( en.o%a0!e stdent,$entered a$t"&"t"es "s part"$!ar!% "-portant when wor)"n# w"th stdents who are not !"teratre spe$"a!"sts2 s$h as ro!e,p!a% "-pro&"sat"on+ $reat"&e
1
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES wr"t"n#+ d"s$ss"on+ and est"onna"res* The a&a"!a0"!"t% o( &ar"ed a$t"&"t"es ena0!es the tea$her to $on$entrate on -eet"n# stdents; wea)nesses "n part"$!ar s)"!! areas* 3$t"&"t"es tr% to he!p stdents a$"re the $on("den$e to de&e!op+ e/press and &a!e the"r own responses "nte#rat"n# !an#a#e and !"teratre* Ne"! He((er-an d"s$ssed "n h"s std% he he!d "n 677 the e((e$t 0a$)#rond )now!ed#e or s$he-ata ha&e on !earn"n#* The -ore (a-"!"ar readers are w"th the $ontent o( the te/t 0e"n# read+ the 0etter are the"r o&era!! read"n# $o-prehens"on* Learners who ha&e at !east so-e )now!ed#e "n one part"$!ar $ontent area w"!! pro0a0!% $o-prehend a te/t d"((erent!% (ro- !earners who ha&e no )now!ed#e at a!! "n the sa-e area* D"s$ss"n# appropr"ate &o$a0!ar% and phrases and h%pothes":"n# a te/t are a!so se(! te$hn"es the tea$her -a% a!so e-p!o%* He ad&"sed that tea$hers need to 0e aware o( the !"n#"st"$ !e&e!s and read"n# a0"!"t"es o( the"r stdents*
1
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Local Studies
3$$ord"n# to the std% $ond$ted 0% Ms* Gt"erre: "n 677+ "t was &a!"dated that the tea$her;s $o#n"t"on has a ro!e "n tea$h"n# !"teratre "n whate&er the -a.or "s* The tea$her;s "nstr$t"ona! pra$t"$e and de$"s"on -a)"n# pro$ess are shaped 0% the"r 0e!"e(s s%ste-* Tea$hers are essent"a! to the !earn"n# pro$ess as the !earners the-se!&es* The "-portan$e o( tea$her;s awareness o( the"r own 0e!"e(s s%ste-+ tea$hers who nderstand the $o#n"t"on nder!%"n# the"r tea$h"n# pra$t"$e and de$"s"on -a)"n# pro$ess are "n 0etter pos"t"on to e&a!ate the"r own de&e!op-ent as tea$hers* 3s s$h+ the% $an deter-"ne what aspe$ts o( the"r tea$h"n# need to 0e $han#ed* It "s the ro!e o( the !"teratre tea$her to !et the stdents nderstand and -a)e the- appre$"ate the p"e$e+ as th"s "s a wa% o( !earn"n# a0ot so$"et%;s &a!es and 0e!"e(s* The std% o( te/ts "n&o!&es )now!ed#e o( $r"t"$a! $on$epts+ $on&ent"ons and the -eta!an#a#e o( !"terar% $r"t"$"s- and e&en "n(or-at"on a0ot h"stor% o( the tar#et !"teratre+ "ts trad"t"ons+ or "ts her"ta#e* Mo.ares <671> stated that !"teratre $an 0e sed "n tea$h"n# !an#a#e part"$!ar "n &o$a0!ar%+ str$tre or !an#a#e -an"p!at"on* It was e/p!a"ned that !"teratre "s -ade (ro- !an#a#e "n wh"$h+ -ore stdents $an read "n and thro#h !an#a#e+ the 0etter a0!e the% w"!! 0e to $o-e to ter-s w"th a !"terar% te/t as !"teratre*
1
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES CH3PTER = esearch +ethodology
Th"s $hapter presents the -ethod o( the resear$h that was sed+ pop!at"on and sa-p!e s":e o( the std%+ resear$h "nstr-ents+ data #ather"n# pro$edres and stat"st"$a! treat-ent o( data*
+ethod of esearch
Th"s std% -ade se o( Des$r"pt"&e Method* S$h -ethod w"!! ena0!e p"$tre or do$-ent $rrent $ond"t"ons or att"tdes thro#h des$r"pt"on o( what e/"st at the -o-ent* 3(ter #ather"n#+ ana!%s"n#+ $!ass"(%"n#+ and ta0!at"n# data a0ot the pra$t"$es+ $ond"t"ons+ pro$esses+ 0e!"e(s+ trends and $ase and e((e$t re!at"onsh"ps+ the resear$hers o( th"s std% then -ade adeate "nterpretat"on o( the data #athered* 3"ded w"th th"s -ethod+ those data #athered w"!! 0e sed as 0as"$s (or what w"!! 0e the e((e$t"&e strate#"es "n tea$h"n# !"teratre to sopho-ore stdents o( Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes Co!!e#e o( H-an "net"$s S$hoo! Year 671,671*
Population and Sample Si,e
The so$"o,de-o#raph"$ $hara$ter"st"$s o( th"s std%'s respondents are as (o!!ows* Under the 9PE II,1 there are ("(teen -a!e and n"ne (e-a!e whose a#es are
1B
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES ran#"n# (ro- 1 to 67* The tota! respondents (or th"s se$t"on are twent% (or* 3nother Corse and
N-0er o(
N-0er o(
3#e
Ma!e
Fe-a!e
Se$t"on Respondents tar#et stdents 9PE II,1 B 6 1,67 1 8 9PE II,6 6B 1,67 1 1= 9PE II,= 7 6 1,67 1 17 se$t"on wh"$h "s 9PE II,6 has ("(teen -a!e and th"rteen (e-a!e+ whose a#es are at !east 1 and at -ost 67* The tota! respondents (or th"s se$t"on are twent% e"#ht* 3nd !ast!%+ se$t"on 9PE II,= has ("(teen -a!e and ten (e-a!e+ whose a#e ran#e (ro- 1 to 67+ w"th a tota! o( twent% ("&e respondents2 ths+ the tar#et respondents (or s$h "s stdents a!! "n a!!* Ta0!e 1 So$"o,De-o#raph"$ Chara$ter"st"$s o( Stdent Respondents
Th"s ta0!e presents the de-o#raph"$ pro("!e o( the stdent respondents+ $!ass"("ed a$$ord"n# to the"r $orse and se$t"on+ n-0er o( respondents+ n-0er o( tar#et stdents+ a#e and #ender*
Sampling Techni-ue
The (o!!ow"n# (or-!a w"!! 0e sed "n the std%@
18
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES nJ
N 2
+ ( )
1 N e
?here"n@ nJ n-0er o( sa-p!es NJ tota! pop!at"on EJ -ar#"n o( error <*7K> Strat"("ed rando- sa-p!"n# "s sed to se!e$t rando-!%+ sa-p!es (ro- the d"((erent strata o( the pop!at"on* Th"s t%pe o( sa-p!"n# "s sed when the pop!at"on has $!ass strat"("$at"ons or #rop"n# e"ther hor":onta!!% or &ert"$a!!%*
!escription of the respondents
The tar#et respondents o( th"s std% are+ te$hn"$a!!%+ se!e$ted non,!an#a#e -a.or stdents o( Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes+ Co!!e#e o( H-an "net"$s2 s$h as o( 9a$he!or "n Ph%s"$a! Ed$at"on* In part"$!ar+ these are ha!( o( the who!e $!ass and were rando-!% se!e$ted+ o( an% #ender+ whose a#es are ran#"n# (ro- 1 to 67 (ro- ea$h sopho-ore !e&e! se$t"ons spe$"("$a!!% se$t"ons 1+ 6 and = o( the a$ade-"$ %ear 671,671*
67
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Instrumentation
The resear$hers $a-e p w"th the"r own des"#ned est"onna"res that the% w"!! se "n $ond$t"n# the std% to #ather the (a$ts needed* The est"ons were art"$!ated to -eet the need o( the state-ent o( the pro0!e- that the resear$hers de&e!oped and std"ed* The sa"d sr&e% est"onna"res were the "nstr-ent sed to he!p the resear$hers to ("nd and a$$-!ate the "n(or-at"on+ "deas+ 0e!"e( and op"n"ons o( the tar#et respondents* ?"th the (a$ts #athered (ro- the respe$t"&e respondents+ the resear$hers w"!! 0e a0!e to ta0!ate+ ana!%:e then $an $o-e p w"th an a$$rate res!t* The resear$hers prepared two pa#es est"onna"re to 0e answered 0% the respondents* Ea$h part o( the sa"d sr&e% $ontr"0tes "nto answer"n# the pro0!e-s that was e/pressed "n the state-ent o( the pro0!e-* The ("rst part o( the est"onna"re "s the respondents; pro("!es where the% w"!! 0e ("!!"n# p $erta"n "n(or-at"on wh"$h "n$!des the"r na-es+ a#es+ #ender+ $orse and se$t"ons* The ne/t part w"!! 0e the ta0!e $onta"n"n# the (a$tors that a((e$t the stdents "n tea$h"n# !"teratre* Th"s w"!! 0e (o!!owed 0% the se!e$t"on o( d"((erent strate#"es that are (reent!% sed and s"n# the 4L")ert s$a!e5+ the resear$hers w"!! a0!e to )now "( a part"$!ar strate#% "s e((e$t"&e (or the respondents* Last "s the ta0!e $onta"n"n# the prpose and the 0ene("ts that we $an o0ta"n (ro- std%"n# !"teratre* Th"s two ta0!es w"!! 0e answered 0% %es+ no+ or -a%0e* 3!! o( the est"oned were as)ed to he!p the resear$hers to answer and arr"&e w"th the (a$ta! data that w"!! answer the state-ent o( the pro0!e-*
61
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
!ata./athering Procedure
The resear$hers o( th"s std% ha&e (or-!ated a est"onna"re that wo!d respond to the state-ent o( the pro0!e-* The est"onna"res are to 0e d"str"0ted to rando- -a!e and (e-a!e stdents o( e&er% se$t"on@ 9PE =,1+ 9PE =,6 and 9PE =,=+ a!! (ro- the Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes Sta* Mesa+ Man"!a+ Co!!e#e o( H-an "net"$s to ser&e as a sr&e%* 3(ter $o!!e$t"n# the sr&e% est"onna"res+ the resear$hers are tas)ed to ta!!% the res!t (ro- d"((erent se$t"ons then ana!%:e the data #athered to re&"ew and to std% the data* 3(ter do"n# the ana!%s"s+ the resear$hers are "n need to s--ar":e the res!ts #athered (ro- the sr&e% and $o-e p w"th a #raphs that w"!! represent the ("nd"n#s that the% #athered* Fro- the s--ar% o( the ("nd"n#s+ the resear$hes wo!d now 0e a0!e to $o-e p w"th an a$$rate $on$!s"on and (or- so-e re$o--endat"ons*
Statistical Treatment of !ata
?e -ade sed o( the we"#hted -ean and (reen$% (or-!a to pro&e the &a!"d"t% o( the data #athered* It "s a pro$edre where"n we $o-0"ne the -eans o( two or -ore #rop o( d"((erent s":es* It ta)es the d"((erent s":es as an a$$ont "n $o-pt"n# the o&era!! or the #rand -ean* The !"st o( n-0ers are pt "n a (reen$% ta0!e+ th"s (reen$% represents on how o(ten the% o$$r* So-e &a!es ha&e the poss"0"!"t% to o$$r not .st on$e n!")e the other+ so $orrespond"n# (reen$"es are a!!otted to ea$h &a!e* The / w"th 0ar stands (or the we"#hted -ean+ " stands (or the
66
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES "te-s #"&en and (" stands (or the (reen$% $orrespond"n# to the #"&en "te-s and Σ
or s"#-a stands (or the s- p* The ("na! res!t "s the -ean or the a&era#e o(
the n-0ers* S$h as@
?here+ x J we"#hted -ean* /" J /1+/6+/=****** J Ite-s #"&en* and ( " J ( 1+( 6+( =+****** J Freen$"es $orrespond"n# to the #"&en "te-s*
6=
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Chapter P#S#)T"TI')0 ")"L1SIS ")! I)T#P#T"TI') 'F !"T"
Th"s $hapter dea!s w"th the presentat"on+ ana!%s"s and "nterpretat"on o( res!ts o( the std% on the E((e$t"&e Strate#"es "n Tea$h"n# Sopho-ore Stdents o( Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes Co!!e#e o( H-an "net"$s* The resear$h pro0!e-s en-erated "n Chapter 1 ser&e as the #"de (or the presentat"on+ ana!%s"s and "nterpretat"on o( data*
3#e Ran#e 1 1 1B
Freen$% 1 =
Per$ent 1*= *B B*1
18 67
66 B
6B* 17*
61
6
6*
1
1*= 177*7
66 Tota! Ta0!e 6
Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( 3#e
The ta0!e 6 shows the a#e o( the respondents* 3s shown a0o&e+ ot o( respondents+ B*1K or = o( the- are 1B %ears o!d+ 6B*K or 66 are 18 %ears o!d+
6
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 17*K or B o( the- are 67 %ears o!d+ 6*K or 6 o( the- are 61 %ears o!d and !ast!%+ 0oth 1 and 66 %ears o!d are 1*=K or 1 o( the-*
Gender Ma!e Fe-a!e Tota!
Freen$% =6
Per$ent B* 1*
177*7
Ta0!e = Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( Gender The ta0!e = presents the (reen$% o( the respondents and the $orrespond"n# per$enta#e a$$ord"n# to #ender2 or B*K are Ma!e and =6 or 1* K are Fe-a!e*
Se$t"on III, 1 III,6 III,=
Freen$% 6 6B 6
Per$ent =1*6 =* =6*
Tota!
177*7
Ta0!e Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( Se$t"on The ta0!e shows the (reen$% and the $orrespond"n# per$enta#e o( the respondents a$$ord"n# to the"r se$t"on* The respondents are d"&"ded "n = se$t"ons+
6
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES wh"$h the 6 or =1*6 K are (ro- se$t"on III,1+ 6B or =* K are (ro- se$t"on III,6 and re-a"n"n# 6 or =6*K are (ro- III,= se$t"on* Genres o( L"teratre Dra-a Le#end Fa0!e PoeFa"r%ta!e Fantas% Short stor% H-or 9"o#raph% Narrat"&e 3to0"o#raph% Spee$h Essa%
7 J not answered = = B == 1 = 8 7 8 1
1 J answered = 1 18 1 61 = 61 6B 1 67 1B 6
Ta0!e Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( Freent!% Used Genres The ta0!e shows the s--ar% o( the responses o( the $rrent stats o( the (reent!% sed !"teratre #enres* It shows that Poe- "s the -ost (reent #enre ta#ht "n 9a$he!or "n Ph%s"$a! Ed$at"on* It was (o!!owed 0% Short stor%+ Le#end+ Dra-a+ 9"o#raph%+ Essa%+ Fantas%+ H-or+ 3to0"o#raph%+ Fa0!e+ Spee$h+ Narrat"&e+ and Fa"r%ta!e*
6
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 9ene("ts o( L"teratre
6
Se!(,Re!a/at"on
Ma%0e 18
No 1=
Yes
E/pand"n# Vo$a0!ar%
B
=
H"#h Grades
67 11
8 8
B
1
1
B
6
I-pro&e Read"n# 30"!"t% and 3tt"tde
16
B
I-pro&e ?r"t"n# S)"!!s
1
8
Freedo- o( E/press"on Va!es For-"n# I-pro&e Co--n"$at"on S)"!!s I-pro&e Se!(,Con("den$e
1B 1 6= 67
11 17
B B
P!easre to the Reader
1
11
7
De&e!op Cr"t"$a! Th"n)"n# S)"!!s
17 6
=
Lan#a#e F!en$% C!tre Preser&at"on Enterta"n-ent
De&e!op-ent o( E-phat"$ E-ot"ons
Ta0!e Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( 9ene("ts o( L"teratre The ta0!e shows the stdents; a#ree-ent a0ot the 0ene("ts o( std%"n# !"teratre* Most the respondents ha&e answered Yes+ 0t we $an see to these ta0!es that -ost o( the stdents a#reed that se!(,re!a/at"on "s not a part o( the 0ene("ts o( std%"n# !"teratre+ wh"!e so-e stdents answered Ma%0e+ wh"$h pro&es
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES that the de&e!op-ent o( e-phat"$ e-ot"on
6B
"s part o( the 0ene("ts o( std%"n#
!"teratre*
Prposes
Ma%0e 6=
No 16
Yes 6
67
1=
18
61
=
3$ade-"$ Prposes
11
7
C!tre Preser&at"on
1
1
Past t"-e To #et a!on# w"th others E/p!or"n# new !earn"n# So$"a! prposes
6= 6B 11 1
6= 6 16 61
=1 66 7
Peer pressre
67
=7
6
De&e!op s)"!!sa0"!"t%
1 11
8 17
1
B
8
7
1= 1
1 1B
Se!(,Re!a/at"on Le"sreEnterta"n-ent Ho00%
To pass the s0.e$t Co-p!et"on o( n"ts D"s$o&er d"((erent $!tres S"-p!% (or re"re-ents Ta0!e
Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( Prpose o( Std%"n# L"teratre The ta0!e shows the stdents; a#ree-ent a0ot the prpose o( std%"n# !"teratre* Most the respondents ha&e answered Yes 0t we $an see that -ost o(
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES the stdents a#ree that peer pressre "s not part o( the prpose on std%"n# !"teratre+ wh"!e so-e stdents sa"d+ who has answered Ma%0e+ that to Get a!on# "s part o( the prpose o( std%"n# !"teratre*
Fa$tors
?e"#hted Mean
Ver0a! Interpretat"on
Parents
6*B1
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
Tea$hers
=*=
Ver% E((e$t"&e
Se!(,Mot"&at"on
=*77
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
Peer Pressre
6*=B
E((e$t"&e
Go&ern-ent
6*61
E((e$t"&e
S$hoo! 3d-"n"strat"on
6*
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
Co!!ea#e Te$hno!o#% Re!at"&es
6*= 6*BB 6*6
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e E((e$t"&e
Modern":at"on
6*B
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
En&"ron-ent
6*=
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
So$"a! Trends
6*BB
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
?eather Cond"t"ons
6*1
E((e$t"&e
Genera! ?e"#hted Mean
6*B
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
Ta0!e B Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( Fa$tors 3((e$t"n# Stdents The ta0!e B shows the -ean s--ar% o( the responses o( the $rrent stats o( the (a$tors that a((e$t the stdents "n std%"n# and appre$"at"n# !"teratre* It shows that the Tea$hers were -ost e((e$t"&e (a$tor to the stdents "n std%"n# !"teratre*
68
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 3!so+ the stdents a#ree that Parents+ Se!(,-ot"&at"on+ S$hoo! ad-"n"strat"on+ Co!!ea#e+ Te$hno!o#%+ Modern":at"on+ En&"ron-ent+ and So$"a! trends are s!"#ht!% e((e$t"&e (a$tor*
Strate#"es Pane! D"s$ss"on Report"n#
Mean
Ver0a! Interpretat"on
6*87
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
6*B6
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
Co!!a0orat"&e Learn"n#
6*B
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
6*1
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
6*8
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
6*B1
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
<orna! ?r"t"n#> Present"n# S!"des Dra-aOra! Presentat"ons Tho#ht 900!es D"a!o#e S$!pt"n#
6*B =*7= 6*
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
6*6
E((e$t"&e
?or)sheets
6*1
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
De0ateOpen D"s$ss"on Genera! we"#hted -ean
6*81
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
=
S!"#ht!% E((e$t"&e
Use o( Graph"$ Or#an":ers Grop"n#s Pen and Paper
Ta0!e 8 Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( E((e$t"&e Strate#"es The Ta0!e 8 shows the -ean s--ar% o( the responses o( the $rrent stats o( the e((e$t"&e strate#"es sed "n tea$h"n# !"teratre to 9PE stdents* It shows that a!-ost a!! the strate#"es were s!"#ht!% e((e$t"&e (or the stdents "n std%"n# !"teratre*
=7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 3!so+ the stdents a#ree that s$!pt"n# "s an e((e$t"&e wa% to tea$h !"teratre to stdents*
=1
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Chapter Summary of Findings0 Conclusions and ecommendations
Th"s $hapter $o-0"nes the h"#h!"#hts o( the s"#n"("$ant ("nd"n#s o( the std%+ $on$!s"ons and the re$o--endat"ons presented 0% the resear$hers* 3!so+ th"s wor) was nderta)en to "n&est"#ate the e((e$t"&e strate#"es "n tea$h"n# !"teratre to non, !an#a#e sopho-ore stdents o( po!%te$hn"$ n"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes Co!!e#e o( H-an "net"$s S$hoo! %ear 671,671 Spe$"("$a!!%+ "t so#ht to answer the (o!!ow"n# est"ons@ 1*
?hat "s the de-o#raph"$ pro("!e o( the stdents "n ter-s o( na-e+ a#e+
se$t"on ,3#e ,Gender ,Se$t"on 6*
?hat are the $o--on #enres or p"e$es o( !"teratre that are 0e"n# ta#ht to
non,!an#a#e $orses F"$t"on@ Dra-a Le#end Fa0!e
=6
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Poe Fa"r%ta!e Fantas% Short stor% H-or Non("$t"on@ 9"o#raph% Narrat"&e non,("$t"on 3to0"o#raph% Spee$h Essa%
=*
?hat are the 0ene("ts o( !earn"n# !"teratre to non,!an#a#e stdents
*
?hat "s the -a"n prpose o( non,!an#a#e stdents "n std%"n# !"teratre
Q
Se!(,Re!a/at"on
Q
Le"sreEnterta"n-ent
Q
Ho00%
==
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Q
3$ade-"$ Prposes
Q
C!tre Preser&at"on
Q
Past t"-e
Q
To #et a!on# w"th others
Q
E/p!or"n# new !earn"n#
Q
So$"a! Prposes
Q
Peer Pressre
Q
De&e!op s)"!!sa0"!"t%
Q
To pass the s0.e$t
Q
Co-p!et"on o( n"ts
Q
D"s$o&er d"((erent $!tres
Q
S"-p!% (or re"re-ents
=
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
* How the (a$tors "n tea$h"n# !"teratre a((e$t the non,!an#a#e stdents "n std%"n# !"teratre $orses Q
Parents
Q
Tea$hers
Q
Se!(,-ot"&at"on
Q
Peer pressre
Q
Go&ern-ent
Q
S$hoo! 3d-"n"strat"on
Q
Co!!ea#e
Q
Te$hno!o#%
Q
Re!at"&es
Q
Modern":at"on
Q
En&"ron-ent
Q
So$"a! Trends
Q
?eather $ond"t"on
=
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Summary of Findings
3(ter the data ha&e 0een ta!!"ed and "nterpreted+ the ("nd"n#s o( the std% as (or the pro("!e o( the respondents are2 "n 0etween 1 to 61 o( a#e+ the n-0er o( -a!e "s -$h !ar#er than o( the (e-a!e+ and 9PE III,6 has the !ar#est pop!at"on n-0er a-on# the three se$t"ons (o!!owed 0% 9PE III,= and 9PE III,1* In #enres sed "n tea$h"n# !"teratre to 9PE stdents+ a$$ord"n# to the sr&e% #"&en to the respondents+ the Poe- was the -ost (reent #enre 0e"n# ta#ht "n 9a$he!or "n Ph%s"$a! Ed$at"on* The #enres are arran#ed (ro- the -ost to !east (reent!% se@ Poe-+ Short stor%+ Le#end+ Dra-a+ 9"o#raph%+ Essa%+ Fantas%+ H-or+ 3to0"o#raph%+ Fa0!e+ Spee$h+ Narrat"&e+ and Fa"r%ta!e* Most o( the non, ("$t"on #enres are p!a$ed at the !east (reent!% sed s$h as the ato0"o#raph%+ spee$h and narrat"&e* 3s (or the 0ene("ts o( std%"n# !"teratre a$$ord"n# to the respondents; responses to the #"&en est"onna"re+ 4de&e!op"n# e-phat"$ e-ot"on5 has the h"#hest rate (or the answer 4Ma%0e5 wh"!e 4se!(,re!a/at"on5 #ot the h"#hest rate (or the answer 4No5* So-e o( the- do not th"n) that std%"n# !"teratre $o!d 0r"n# these!(,re!a/at"on and so-e o( the- $o!d on!% pt "n $ons"derat"on the de&e!op-ent o( e-phat"$ e-ot"on as a 0ene("t o( std%"n# !"teratre* In ter-s o( the prposes o( std%"n# !"teratre+ 43$ade-"$ prposes5 #ot the h"#hest answer (or 4Yes5* Most o( the respondents see- to ha&e a#reed that 0e"n# peer pressred does not 0e!on# to
=
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES the"r prpose o( std%"n# wh"!e to 4Get a!on#5 as the prpose o( std%"n# !"teratre ha&e 0een pt to $ons"derat"on (or "t #ot the h"#hest rate (or the answer 4Ma%0e5* Thro#h est"onna"res+ respondents ha&e 0een presented poss"0!e (a$tors that -"#ht a((e$t the"r std%"n# !"teratre* 3-on# the (a$tors #"&en+ 4Tea$hers5 "s the on!% (a$tor that #ot the &er0a! "nterpretat"on o( 4Ver% e((e$t"&e5 w"th the we"#hted -ean o( =*=* Peer Pressre+ Go&ern-ent+ Re!at"&es+ ?eather Cond"t"ons #ot the &er0a! "nterpretat"on o( 4E((e$t"&e5 w"th the we"#hted -ean o( 6*1,6*6B wh"!e the rest and -ost!% #ot the &er0a! "nterpretat"on o( 4S!"#ht!% e((e$t"&e5* 3nd as (or the e((e$t"&eness o( the strate#"es 0e"n# sed "n tea$h"n# 9PE stdents+ the% a#reed that a!! o( the strate#"es #"&en ha&e to 0e !a0e!!ed as 4S!"#ht!% e((e$t"&e5 w"th the we"#hted -eans o( 6*1,=*7= e/$ept (or the strate#% 4S$!pt"n#5 wh"$h was a#reed to 0e the on!% strate#% as 4E((e$t"&e5 w"th the we"#hted -ean o( 6*1* Upon $hoos"n# the 0est strate#% to tea$h !"teratre 0% $ons"der"n# the stdents the tea$her are #o"n# to tea$h+ the stdents; "nterests and (o$s sha!! 0e $aptred* Conclusion
9ased on the data ("nd"n#s -ent"oned a0o&e the resear$hers -ade the (o!!ow"n#@ 2* The -a.or"t% o( the respondents o( th"s std% are "n the a#e o( 1B* 3!so+ -ore
than ha!( o( the- are -a!e* ?"th re#ards to se$t"on+ there are -ore respondents "n se$t"on III,6 than the other two se$t"ons*
=
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 3* Poe- has the -ost (a&ora0!e "n the ta0!e ("&e wh"$h -ade "t one o( the
(reent #enres o( !"teratre that are 0e"n# ta#ht "n 9PE sopho-ore stdents to#ether w"th Le#end and Short stor%* 4* Most o( the respondents th"n) that e/pand"n# &o$a0!ar% "s the 0est 0ene("t that the% $an #a"n pon !earn"n# !"teratre* 3s what was re(!e$ted "n the "nterpretat"on+ (ewer stdents were $on&"n$ed that se!(,re!a/at"on $an 0e one o( the 0ene("ts o( !"teratre* 5* ?"th re#ards to the prpose o( std%+ -a.or"t% o( the respondents 0e!"e&e that the -a"n prpose (or the- to std% !"teratre "s (or a$ade-"$ prposes and (or $o-p!et"on o( the n"ts* So-e stdents are not sre "( 4#ett"n# a!on# w"th others5 "s part o( the prpose wh"$h -ade "t the h"#hest n-0er o( 4-a%0e5 "n the ta0!e* 6* In (a$tors that a((e$t the respondents+ "t was pro&en that ?eather $ond"t"ons+ Re!at"&es+ Go&ern-ent+ and Peer pressre do not rea!!% a((e$t -$h the stdents n!")e the other opt"ons* 7* For the e((e$t"&e strate#"es+ a!-ost a!! o( the strate#"es -ent"oned "n the sr&e% are s!"#ht!% e((e$t"&e w"th Dra-a as the -ost h"#h!% per$enta#e strate#% 0t none o( "t was $ons"dered as &er% e((e$t"&e* Ma%0e th"s "s 0e$ase the respondents are -ore "nto a ps%$ho-otor t%pe o( !earn"n#* ecommendation
9ased on or $on$!s"on+ we $o-e p w"th these re$o--endat"ons@ 1* The std% re$o--ends that (or the (tre stdents+ the% sho!d 0e a0!e to pa% attent"on to a!! o( the"r s0.e$t re#ard!ess o( -a.or"t% or -"nor"t% o( "t*
=B
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 6* Tea$hers -st !et the"r stdents e/p!ore and )now d"((erent #enres o( !"teratre so that the"r )now!ed#e w"!! not 0e !"-"ted to spe$"("$ #enres* =* Stdents sho!d "nterna!":e and appre$"ate !"teratre (or the- to 0e a0!e to en.o% the !e"sre and the 0ene("ts o( std%"n# "t+ s$h as de&e!op"n# $r"t"$a! th"n)"n# s)"!!s and e/pand"n# &o$a0!ar%* * Tea$hers -st -a)e the stdents nderstand that !"teratre "s not .st a s0.e$t to pass2 "t "s a tra"n"n# #rond "n !earn"n# d"((erent pr"n$"p!es and s0.e$ts* Th"s $an 0e a$h"e&ed thro#h -a)"n# the stdents appre$"ate !"teratre* * Tea$hers are the -ost "n(!ent"a! o( a!! the (a$tors #"&en and 0e$ase o( "t+ the% sho!d 0e the ro!e -ode! o( the"r stdents* Tea$hers are o0!"#ator% to appre$"ate !"teratre so that the% w"!! 0e a0!e to tea$h and he!p the"r stdents to appre$"ate L"teratre* * Tea$hers -st #"&e arra% o( &ar"et% o( !"teratre #enres and t%pes* Thro#h th"s te$hn"e+ -!t"p!e "nte!!"#en$es o( the !earners are spported and "n se* The tea$hers -a% se !earners' stren#ths to ("!! "n the"r wea)nesses* There(ore+ !"teratre $!ass w"th these stdents -st 0e pa$)ed w"th d"((erent !earner,$entered a$t"&"t"es so the% wo!d appre$"ate !"teratre*
=8
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Bibliography
Ca!"n#a$"on+ 9* <6776>* Literature alive: a performative approach in teaching literature* Retr"e&ed (ro-
http@-a#%ars:a)*n"-"s)o!$*h)"ad&an%o)dra-a6776ea 0e!en*htCo!!"e+ *+ Ca-+ S* <18B>* Tea$h"n# !"teratre@ wh%+ what+ how* In Literature In The Language Classroom (A Source Of Ideas And Activities) * Ca-0r"d#e@
Ca-0r"d#e Un"&ers"t% Press* Da&"es+ R* * Ne a!s of teaching literature * Retr"e&ed (rohttps@www*!!as*a$*)resor$es#p#68= Gada-er's Her-enet"$s* * Retr"e&ed !% 1+ 671* Har."+ M* 9* * The stor%0oo) e/per"en$e o( !6 $h"!dren@ a spe$tr-ot"&at"on to read* The "nglish Teacher International #ournal * <1>* Internat"ona! Read"n# 3sso$"at"on* <671>* #ournal of Adolescent $ Adult Literac!% &' <>* Marsha!!+ G* <6771>* Cr"t"$a! approa$hes to tea$h"n# !"teratre !an#a#e $o-pos"t"on and $!tre* edagog! *<1>* Mart"n+ I* P* <677>* The literature filipino students do not read * Retr"e&ed (rohttp@www*a$ade-"a*ed1767TheL"teratreF"!"p"noStdentsDoNot Read677
7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Pan#a!an#an+ E* <677B+ O$t 11>* Teaching strategies and techni+ues: philippine experience* Retr"e&ed (ro- http@www*tand(on!"ne*$o-do"(!!17*17B7
7BB16=7B76171a0stra$t Pro0st* <18B>* Transa$t"ona! theor% "n the tea$h"n# o( !"teratre* ",IC -igest * Ra-sden+ P* <671=>* Learning to Teach in .igher "ducation * New Yor)+ Un"ted States@ Ps%$ho!o#% Press* R"d#ewa%* <671>* One tea$her's .orne%* #ournal of Adolescent $ Adult Literac! &/ + =,=B* Rsse!!+ D* L* <6778>* Literature for children: a short introduction * Retr"e&ed (rohttp@www6*n)(st*ed*twe-$henCL"tTea$h"n#*htSa&&"do+ C* <677+ De$ 16>* 3n "nte#rated approa$h to tea$h"n# !"teratre "n the e(! $!assroo-* The Internet T"SL #ournal% 17 (*0)* Retr"e&ed (rohttp@"tes!.*or#Te$hn"esSa&&"doL"teratre*ht-! R*R%!an$e *S"-ons* <6771>* In R* R%!ans * S"-ons + Literature in context * New %or)@ Pa!#ra&e Ma$-"!!an*
1
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES "ppendices
Letter to Cond$t Std%
6
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
=
Survey Questionnaire Dear Respondents, Good day! We, students from BSEDEN 3-1N under the Ed of "#" $ani%a &ou%d %i'e to (ondu(t a survey to support out resear(h on )*he E+e(tive Strateies in *ea(hin iterature to Sophomore Students of "o%yte(hni( #niversity of the "hi%ippines o%%ee of .uman /ineti(s S(hoo% 0ear 21-21456 We assure you that a%% the data that &i%% 7e athered &i%% remain (on8dentia% and 7e used for resear(h purposes on%y6 Respondents 9nformation Name :ptiona%;< ================================= ourse and Se(tion< ============ Gender< ============== >e< ========== When did you ta'e up %iterature su7?e(t@sA ========================= 16 What are the freuent enres of %iterature that youCve en(ountered in your %iterature su7?e(tA 9nstru(tion< "ut a (he(' ☑ on the spa(e provided 7e%o&6 :0ou may (hoose 1 or more; i(tion< == Drama == airyta%e Non i(tion< == Bioraphy Spee(h == Essays
== eend == antasy == Narrative non-8(tion
== a7%e == Short story
== "oem == .umor
== >uto7ioraphy
==
6 .o& do the fo%%o&in fa(tors a+e(t the students in appre(iatin %iteratureA 9nstru(tion< "ut a (he(' on the 7o dependin on ho& you see the e+e(tiveness of the fo%%o&in fa(tors< a(tors that a+e(t the students in Fery S%iht%y Not that appre(iatin %iterature e+e(tive E+e(tive E+e(tiv E+e(tiv :; :3; e e :; :1; "arents *ea(hers Se%f-motivation "eer pressure Government S(hoo% >dministration o%%eaue *e(hno%oy Re%atives $oderniation Environment So(ia% *rends Weather (onditions
36 .o& e+e(tive are the fo%%o&in strateies that &ere used in tea(hin %iterature to the studentsA
*e(hniues@Strateies Bene8ts in Studyin iterature
POLYTECHNIC
Fery S%iht%y Not that E+e(tive 0es E+e(tive No E+e(tive $ay7e E+e(tiv :; U N I V E R S I:; T Y O:3; F T H:3; E P H:; ILIP P I N E S:1;e :1;
Se%f-Re%aation "ane% Dis(ussion Epandin Fo(a7u%ary Reportin .ih Grades o%%a7orative earnin anuae Iuen(y #se of raphi( oraniers u%ture "reservation Groupins Entertainment "en and "aper 9mprove readin a7i%ity and attitude :Hourna% 9mprove &ritin s'i%%s Writin; reedom of Epression "resentin S%ides :"o&erpoint; Fa%ues formin Drama@ra% "resentations "urposes of Studyin iterature 0es N $ay7 9mprove ommuni(ation S'i%%s *houht Bu77%es Dia%oue :3; o e 9mprove Se%f-on8den(e : :1; S(u%ptin "%easure to the reader ; Wor'sheets Deve%op (riti(a% thin'in s'i%%s Se%f-Re%aation De7ate Deve%opment of empathi( emotions eisure@Entertainment .o77y >(ademi( "urposes u%ture "reservation "ast time *o et a%on &ith others Ep%orin ne& %earnins So(ia% "urposes "eer "ressure Deve%op s'i%%s@a7i%ity *o pass the su7?e(t omp%etion of units Dis(over di+erent (u%tures Simp%y for reuirements 9nstru(tion< "ut a (he(' on the 7o dependin on ho& e+e(tive you thin' are the strateies used in studyin %iterature6
6 What are the studentsC purposes in studyin %iteratureA 9nstru(tion< "ut a (he(' on the 7o dependin on &hat you thin' is the purpose and 7ene8t of studyin %iterature6
5. What are the benefits that can be obtained in studying literature?
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES F"#re 6 Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( 9ene("ts Ga"ned Fro- L"teratre
3*2 Self.ela8ation
Freen$ Va!"d
C-!at"&e
Ma%0e
% 18
Per$ent 6*
Va!"d Per$ent 6*
Per$ent 6*
No Yes
1=
1*8 B*
1*8 B*
1* 177*7
Tota!
177*7
177*7
3*3 #8panding %ocabulary
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% B =
C-!at"&e Per$ent *B 17* B1*B 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent *B 17* B1*B 177*7
Per$ent *B 1B*6 177*7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
3*4 High /rades
Freen$ Va!"d
C-!at"&e
Ma%0e
% 67
Per$ent 6*7
Va!"d Per$ent 6*7
Per$ent 6*7
No Yes Tota!
8 B
11* 6*= 177*7
11* 6*= 177*7
=* 177*7
3*5 Language Fluency
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 11 8
C-!at"&e Per$ent 1*= 11* *7 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 1*= 11* *7 177*7
Per$ent 1*= 6*7 177*7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
3*6 Culture Preser$ation
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 1
C-!at"&e Per$ent 1B*6 *B *7 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 1B*6 *B *7 177*7
Per$ent 1B*6 6*7 177*7
3*7 #ntertainment
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 1 B 6
C-!at"&e Per$ent 66*1 17* * 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 66*1 17* * 177*7
Per$ent 66*1 =6* 177*7
B
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
3*9 Impro$e eading "bility and "ttitude
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 16 B
C-!at"&e Per$ent 1* 8*1 *= 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 1* 8*1 *= 177*7
Per$ent 1* 6* 177*7
3*: Impro$e &riting Skills
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 1 8
C-!at"&e Per$ent 1B*6 11* 7*1 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 1B*6 11* 7*1 177*7
Per$ent 1B*6 68*8 177*7
8
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
3*; Freedom of #8pression
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 1B 11 B
C-!at"&e Per$ent 6=* 1*= 6*= 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 6=* 1*= 6*= 177*7
Per$ent 6=* =* 177*7
3*2< %alues Forming
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 1
C-!at"&e Per$ent 66*1 *B 7*1 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 66*1 *B 7*1 177*7
Per$ent 66*1 68*8 177*7
7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
3*22 Impro$e Communication Skills
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 6= B
C-!at"&e Per$ent 68*8 *B 6*= 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 68*8 *B 6*= 177*7
Per$ent 68*8 =* 177*7
3*23 Impro$e Self.confidence
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 67 17
C-!at"&e Per$ent 6*7 1=*7 1*7 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 6*7 1=*7 1*7 177*7
Per$ent 6*7 =8*7 177*7
1
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
3*24 Pleasure to the eader
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 1 11 7
C-!at"&e Per$ent 67*B 1*= *8 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 67*B 1*= *8 177*7
Per$ent 67*B =*1 177*7
3*25 !e$elop Critical Thinking Skills
C-!at"&e Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
17 =
Per$ent 1=*7 *6 B1*B 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent 1=*7 *6 B1*B 177*7
Per$ent 1=*7 1B*6 177*7
6
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
3*26 !e$elopment of #mphatic #motions
Freen$ Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
% 6
C-!at"&e Per$ent ==*B * 8* 177*7
Va!"d Per$ent ==*B * 8* 177*7
Per$ent ==*B 7*= 177*7
F"#re = Des$r"pt"&e Stat"st"$s o( Prpose 4*2 Self.rela8ation
Va!"d
Ma%0e
Freen$% 6=
Per$ent 68*8
No
16
1*
Yes
6
*
Tota!
177*7
4*3 Leisure=#ntertainment
Va!"d
Ma%0e No
Freen$% 67 1=
Per$ent 6*7 1*8
Yes
*1
Tota!
177*7
4*4 Hobby
=
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 18 61 =
Per$ent 6* 6*= B*1 177*7
4*5 "cademic purposes
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 11 7
Per$ent 1*= *B *8 177*7
4*6 Culture preser$ation
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 1 1
Per$ent 67*B 1B*6 1*7 177*7
4*7 Past time
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 6= 6= =1
Per$ent 68*8 68*8 7*= 177*7
4*9 To get along with others
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 6B 6 66
Per$ent =* =*1 6B* 177*7
4*: #8ploring new learning
Freen
%$Per$ent
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
11 16
1*= 1* 7*1 177*7
4*; Social purposes
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 1 61 7
Per$ent 67*B 6*= 1*8 177*7
4*2< Peer pressure
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 67 =7 6
Per$ent 6*7 =8*7 =*1 177*7
4*22 !e$elop Skills="bility
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 1 8 1
Per$ent 66*1 11* *6 177*7
4*23 To pass the sub>ect
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 11 17
4*24 Completion of units
Per$ent 1*= 1=*7 6* 177*7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% B 8 7
Per$ent 17* 11* *8 177*7
4*25 !isco$er different cultures
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 1= 1
Per$ent 1*8 66*1 1*7 177*7
4*26 Simply for re-uirements
Va!"d
Ma%0e No Yes Tota!
Freen$% 1 1B
Per$ent 18* 6=* *1 177*7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Ra!ph Har&e% L"-os Fe!"$"ano 7=7 e Grande St*+ U#on#+ Va!en:e!a ra!phhar&ee#-a"!*$o- W=8=117116
EDUC3TION3L 93CGROUND Tert"ar% Ed$at"on@
Polytechnic (ni$ersity of the Philippines
Santa Mesa+ Man"!a 9a$he!or "n Se$ondar% Ed$at"on Ma.or "n En#!"sh Se$ondar% Ed$at"on@ 'ur Lady of Lourdes College
T* De Leon+ Va!en:e!a C"t% C!ass o( 671= Pr"-ar% Ed$at"on@ Sil$estre La,aro #lementary School
U#on#+ Va!en:e!a C"t% C!ass o( 6778
CO,CURRICUL3R 3CTIVITIES Affiliations: +ember + Ep"ste-"$ Lea#e o( Intera$t"&e Tea$hers "n En#!"sh+ PUP
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Seminars: 1ALS and the A2OT3ALA4 A2OT3ALA4 ,O5,A46 DepEd X 3LS+ PUP+ Fe0 1B 671 1"volution: "ngage 7olunteerism in Action6 DESEd+ Co--n"t% Re!at"ons and
E/tens"on (or De&e!op-ent O(("$e+ PUP+ Fe0rar% 1B+ 671
B
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES .onors ,eceived: 6th Honors0 Or Lad% o( Lordes Co!!e#e <6716> 2st Place0 9wan n# ?")a Poe- ?r"t"n# Contest <6717> 2st Place0 S$"en$e 3$ade-"$ Contest <6717>
Orr Lad Lad%% o( o( Lo Lord rdes es Co Co!!!!e# e#e e <67 <6717 17>> 3nd Honors0 O 7th Honors0 S"!&estre La:aro E!e-entar% S$hoo! <677> 7th Honors0 S"!&estre La:aro E!e-entar% S$hoo! <677=> 7th Honors0 S"!&estre La:aro E!e-entar% S$hoo!+ "nder#arten <6776>
PERSON3L INFORM3TION Citi,enship?
F"!"p"no
Ci$il Status?
S"n#!e
Birth !ate?
Ma% 6+ 188
Place of Birth@
San C!e-ente+ C!e-en te+ Tar!a$ Tar!a$ C"t%
Languages Spoken?
En#!"sh+ F"!"p"no
eligion?
9orn 3#a"n
8
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Marie Chloie I. Hidalgo 16 )"n#("sher a!!e%+ 9atasan H"!!s+ e:on C"t% $h!on#h"da!#o#-a"!*$o- W=8B==86
EDUC3TION3L 93CGROUND Tert"ar% Tert"ar% Ed$at"on@ Polytechnic (ni$ersity of the Philippines
Santa Mesa+ Man"!a 9a$he!or "n Se$ondar% Ed$at"on Ma.or "n En#!"sh Se$ondar% Ed$at"on@ Bagong Silangan High School
*P* *P* R":a! St* 9a#on# S"!an#an e:on C"t% C!ass o( 671= Pr"-ar% Ed$at"on@ &est Central #lementary School
Mada-0a+ D"n#ras+ I!o$os Norte C!ass o( 6778
CO,CURRICUL3R CO,CURRICUL 3R 3CTIVITIES Affiliations: +ember + 2%"%S%T% societ! + Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes Seminars: 1"volution: "ngage 7olunteerism in Action6 DESEd+ Co--n"t% Re!at"ons and
E/tens"on (or De&e!op-ent O(("$e+ PUP+ Fe0rar% 1B+ 671
7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES .onors ,eceived:
=rd Honorable +ention X ?est Centra! E!e-entar% S$hoo! <671=>
PERSON3L INFORM3TION Citi,enship?
F"!"p"no
Ci$il Status?
S"n#!e
Birth !ate?
3#st + 188
Place of Birth@
D"n#ras+ I!o$os Norte
Languages Spoken?
En#!"sh+ F"!"p"no+ I!o$ano
eligion?
Ro-an Catho!"$
1
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
a"rah
ane 9!an$o Manan#0ao
6 Sa-onte
St* O!d 9a!ara+ e:on C"t% .a"rah0!an$o-anan#0ao#-a"!*$o- W=8===BB==
EDUC3TION3L 93CGROUND Tert"ar%
Ed$at"on@
Polytechnic (ni$ersity of the Philippines
Santa Mesa+ Man"!a 9a$he!or "n Se$ondar% Ed$at"on Ma.or "n En#!"sh Se$ondar% Ed$at"on@ Immaculate Concepcion @nowledge School
Fer"a Rd* D"!"-an+ e:on C"t% C!ass o( 671= Pr"-ar% Ed$at"on@ Immaculate Concepcion @nowledge School
Fer"a Rd* D"!"-an+ e:on C"t% C!ass o( 6778
CO,CURRICUL3R 3CTIVITIES Affiliations: +ember + 2%"%S%T societ! + Po!%te$hn"$ Un"&ers"t% o( the Ph"!"pp"nes Seminars: 1"volution: "ngage 7olunteerism in Action6 DESEd+ Co--n"t% Re!at"ons and
E/tens"on (or De&e!op-ent O(("$e+ PUP+ Fe0rar% 1B+ 671
6
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES .onors ,eceived:
2st Honorable +ention X I--a$!ate Con$ep$"on now!ed#e S$hoo! <671=> 5th Honorable +ention . I--a$!ate Con$ep$"on now!ed#e S$hoo! <6778> /irl Scout of the 1ear + 9SP <6778>
PERSON3L INFORM3TION Citi,enship?
F"!"p"no
Ci$il Status?
S"n#!e
Birth !ate?
ne 18+ 188
Place of Birth@
Mar")"na C"t%
Languages Spoken?
En#!"sh+ F"!"p"no
eligion?
Ro-an Catho!"$
=
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
a"a Mar"e Pa!-er"a Man#a!"no 18= Tene-ent+ Pnta+ Santa 3na+ Man"!a .--an#a!"no6#-a"!*$o- W=8678686
EDUC3TION3L 93CGROUND Tert"ar% Ed$at"on@ Polytechnic (ni$ersity of the Philippines
Santa Mesa+ Man"!a 9a$he!or "n Se$ondar% Ed$at"on Ma.or "n En#!"sh i,al Technological (ni$ersity
9on" 3&ene+ Manda!%on# C"t% 9a$he!or "n Se$ondar% Ed$at"on Ma.or "n En#!"sh 3*Y 671= , 671 Se$ondar% Ed$at"on@ "rellano (ni$ersity A Plaridel Campus
= Genera! a!enton# St*+ Manda!%on# C"t% C!ass o( 671= Pr"-ar% Ed$at"on@ /eneral #milio "guinaldo Integrated School
Pnta+ Santa 3na+ Man"!a C!ass o( 6778
CO,CURRICUL3R 3CTIVITIES Affiliations:
+ember + Ep"ste-"$ Lea#e o( Intera$t"&e Tea$hers "n En#!"sh+ PUP Public elations 'fficer + Spre-e Stdent Go&ern-ent+ 3re!!ano Un"&ers"t% President+ n"or;s Or#an":at"on+ 3re!!ano Un"&ers"t% <6716> +ember + 3re!!ano Un"&ers"t% , P!ar"de! G!ee C!0 <6717 X 671=> #ditor.in.Chief + 43n# Ta-0!"5+ Gen* E* 3#"na!do Inte#* S$hoo! <6778>
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Seminars: Outcome and ro8ect 9ased Learning + Co!!e#e o( Ed$at"on+ RTU+ Fe0 671 Technolog! in the 3*0 Curriculum + Co!!e#e o( Ed$at"on+ RTU+ 3#st 671=
Theses: The "ffects of ,omantic ,elationship on the Academic erformance of Senior .igh school Students of Arellano ;niversit! < 4andalu!ong School =ear 0>*? < 0>*&
.onors ,eceived: !eans Lister + F"rst Se-ester+ 3* Y*671=,671+ R":a! Te$hno!o#"$a! Un"&ers"t% Student "chie$er + =rd and th Year+ 3re!!ano Un"&ers"t% , Manda!%on# 6th Honorable +ention + Grade + Gen* E* 3#"na!do Inte#rated S$hoo! :th Honors+ Grade =+ Gen* E* 3#"na!do Inte#rated S$hoo! 2st Honors+ Grade 1+ Gen* E* 3#"na!do Inte#rated S$hoo!
PERSON3L INFORM3TION Citi,enship? Ci$il Status? Birth !ate? Place of Birth@ Languages Spoken? eligion?
F"!"p"no S"n#!e 3#st 6+ 188 C"t% o( Man"!a En#!"sh+ F"!"p"no 9orn,3#a"n Chr"st"an
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
G":he! 9a"!on Para!es 917 L66 P=+ Soth&"!!e IV+ 9r#%* Poo$+ Sta* Rosa C"t%+ La#na :he!para!es#-a"!*$o- W=8=B686
EDUC3TION3L 93CGROUND Tert"ar% Ed$at"on@ Polytechnic (ni$ersity of the Philippines
Santa Mesa+ Man"!a 9a$he!or "n Se$ondar% Ed$at"on Ma.or "n En#!"sh San Pedro College of Business #ducation
San Pedro+ La#na 9a$he!or "n Se$ondar% Ed$at"on Ma.or "n En#!"sh Se$ondar% Ed$at"on@ South$ille I% )ational High School
9r#%* Ca"n#"n+ Sta* Rosa C"t%+ La#na C!ass o( 671= Pr"-ar% Ed$at"on@ Hermogenes Bautista #lementary School
* P* R":a! St*+ 9r#%* Con$ep$"on Uno+ Mar")"na C"t% C!ass o( 6778
CO,CURRICUL3R 3CTIVITIES Affiliations: +ember + Ep"ste-"$ Lea#e o( Intera$t"&e Tea$hers "n En#!"sh+ PUP
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Seminars: 1ALS and the A2OT3ALA4 ,O5,A46 DepEd X 3LS+ PUP+ Fe0 1B 671 1"volution: "ngage 7olunteerism in Action6 DESEd+ Co--n"t% Re!at"ons and
E/tens"on (or De&e!op-ent O(("$e+ PUP+ Fe0rar% 1B+ 671
.onors ,eceived: +ost Punctual )STP Student + 1st Year+ San Pedro Co!!e#e o( 9s"ness
Ed$at"on 4rd Place+ Sports ?r"t"n# En#!"sh+ D"&"s"on S$hoo!s Press Con(eren$e
<671=> Sil$er and Bron,e +edalist + 3rn"s "n Sothern Ta#a!o# Ca!a0ar:on
3th!et"$ 3sso$"at"on Meet 671= "thlete of the 1ear + Soth&"!!e IV Nat"ona! H"#h S$hoo! <671=> 5th Honors+ =rd Year+ Soth&"!!e IV Nat"ona! H"#h S$hoo! 7th Place+ Sports ?r"t"n# En#!"sh+ D"&"s"on S$hoo!s Press Con(eren$e
<6716> Participant <"rnis+ Sothern Ta#a!o# Ca!a0ar:on 3th!et"$ 3sso$"at"on
Meet 6716 4rd Honors X Soth&"!!e IV Nat"ona! H"#h S$hoo! <6711> Salutatorian , Preparator% Le&e!
PERSON3L INFORM3TION Citi,enship? Ci$il Status? Birth !ate? Place of Birth@ Languages Spoken? eligion?
F"!"p"no S"n#!e O$to0er 1+ 188 9"nan+ La#na En#!"sh+ F"!"p"no Catho!"$
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
?es!"e Ena Ma"ran# Teo!o#o =,G-a-e!a Street+ Ro/as D"str"$t+ e:on C"t% sppwes!"e#-a"!*$o- 7866=
EDUC3TION3L 93CGROUND Tert"ar% Ed$at"on@ Polytechnic (ni$ersity of the Philippines
Sta* Mesa+ Man"!a 9a$he!or "n Se$ondar% Ed$at"on Ma.or "n En#!"sh 671= X Present Se$ondar% Ed$at"on@ !on "le>andro oces Sr* Science Technology High School
Ro$es 3&ene $or* P* Ta:on Street+ 9r#%* O0rero+ e:on C"t% 6778 , 671= Pr"-ar% Ed$at"on@ /eneral o8as #lementary School
as-"n Street+ Ro/as D"str"$t+ e:on C"t% 677= , 6778
CO,CURRICUL3R 3CTIVITIES Affiliations: +ember + Ep"ste-"$ Lea#e o( Intera$t"&e Tea$hers "n En#!"sh+ PUP +ember + 9*E*S*T* So$"et% +ember + apat"ran n# Ta!"no at Ga!"n# PUP Honor;s So$"et%
B
