Efect o Coconut Water on the Vase Lie o <. )agbanua, ). )angaoang, &. )anuel, )an uel, and =. )olao ABSTRACT This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of coconut water on the vase va se life of cut chrysanthemum flowers and to determine the right maturity of coconut water to be used as holding solution for chrysanthemum. The cut chrysanthemum ch rysanthemum flowers were treated in different holding solutions that were replicated three times. The flowers were assessed daily according in the visual quality rating scale given. Flowers treated in 100 mL T ! " 0 mL #C recorded recorded the longest vase life $11 days% compared with the control and other treatments. Therefore& Therefore& 100 mL T ! "0 mL #C has the potential p otential to be used as preservative medium for chrysanthemum cut flowers. INTRODUCTION
Chrysanthem Chrysanthemum um with the scientific scientific name of Chrysanthem Chrysanthemum um morifolium morifolium L. belongs to Asteraceae family and about 30 species species of annual and perennial perennial herbaceous, aroma woody and semi-woody exists around the world (ey!andi et al., "0#0$. Chry Chrysa sant nthem hemum um is ran%e ran%ed d as the the seco second nd most economically important cut flower in the world, after rose (&afi and 'hahsareh, "00$. Cut flowers are precious precious products of horticulture. )aintaining good *uality of cut flow flower erss and and extend extendin ing g the the !ase !ase life life,, are are cons consid ider ered ed impo import rtan antt and and prac practi tica call for for ha!ing acceptable products for the mar%ets. +or this reason, a considerable number of stud studie iess ha!e ha!e been been unde undert rta% a%en en for for this this purpose. (edman, et al, "00" )acnish et al, "00 and /olgi et al, "00, encir%iran, "001 encir%iran, "0#0$. Cut flower flowerss are shortshort-li li!ed !ed and is prone to rapid deterioration, thus, shortening the maximum !ase life. /hort !ase life of cut flow flower erss coul could d be attr attrib ibut uted ed to dest destro roy y transport !essels of the stem after cutting, hence, inability of the stem to absorb water due to bloc%age leading to excessi!e water loss and short supply of carbohydrates to support respiration. +urthermore, the *uality of the water in which the flowers are dip after har!est, is %nown to affect the %eeping or !ase life *uality of the flowers (&elegama, "00#$.
/e!eral methods ha!e already been de!el de!elope oped d to prol prolong ong the the stor storag agee life life of fruits and !egetables. 2ne simple way is the use of coconut water technically %nown as li*uid endosperm which is belie!ed to be ha!ing auxins, cyto%inins, gibberellins, and sugar sugar alcoho alcoholl li%e li%e myoino myoinosit sitol. ol. ts auxin auxin component component is found to delay ripening ripening of the fruits while cyto%inin delays leaf senescence (4air et al., "000$. 5his 5his exper experim iment ent was was desi designe gned d to e!aluate the effect of coconut water on the !ase life of cut chrysanthemum flowers and to determine the right maturity of coconut water as the source of water to be used as holding solution for chrysanthemum.
MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant Material
Cut flowers of identified Chry Chrysa sant nthe hem mum were were proc procur ured ed from rom &isante, )a%ilala. 5hey were har!ested in the early morning when outer petals were fully extended (&afi and 'hahsareh, "00$. Cut flowers were trimmed to 30 cm and were placed in prepared solutions. Experiment Design and Treatments Treatments
A Comple Completel tely y andom andomi6e i6ed d 7esign 7esign (C7 (C7$$ was was used used with with se!e se!en n treat treatme ment ntss replicated three times. 5he treatments were as follows8 9olume of :ater ; Coconut :ater
A > C 7 ? + '
-
#10 mL 5: #00 mL 5: ; 10 mL =C: 10 mL 5: ; #00 mL =C: #10 mL pure =C: #00 mL 5: ; 10 mL )C: 10 mL 5: ; #00 mL )C: #10 mL pure )C:
1
-
3
-
#
-
+air,)oderate 7efects ("@-10 wilting and drying$ oor, /erious 7efects (1#-B1$ Dnfit for 7ecoration
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Legend8 5: - 5ap :ater =C: - =oung Coconut :ater )C: - )ature Coconut :ater
5he young (@ months old$ and mature coconut (#" months old$ were har!ested from )alabuan, )a%ilala using a sharp bolo. :ater from the nut was separately poured into respecti!e containers, and %ept properly. 5his was done at the start of the experiment.
5able #. 9isual *uality rating (9$ of chrysanthemum flower %ept in holding solutions containing coconut water of different stages of maturity Da$s in St(rage
A
B
C
D
E
)
G
*
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
+
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
B.B
-
B.B
.0
B.B
.3
.0
B.B
@.3
.
@.3
B.B
@.3
B.0
.3
@.3
E.3
/
E.3
@.3
E.3
B.0
.3
E.3
3.B
0
3.0
E.3
E.3
1.0
.3
".3
".3
1
#.0
".3
".3
3.B
@.3
".0
".0
#.0
#.0
#.B
E.3
#.0
#.0
#.0
".3
5he different holding solutions were prepared using a graduated cylinder and e*ual !olume of each solution was placed in each bottles. +lowers were placed in the water buc%ets during transport to minimi6e the transport stress on flowers. n your setup, flowers were immediately dipped in the water bath and the distal ends were recut to ha!e stem length of 30 cm (encir%iran, "001$. rior to the treatment, the basal stem of the cutflowers were cut into uniform length. 5hen, the test materials were inserted into indi!idual bottles containing the treatment.
Treatment
2 *3
#.0
**
As shown in 5able #, the flowers treated with different coconut water concentration showed increase in !ase life compared to flowers treated with the control (in tap water$. +igure #. 5rend of 9 shown in a graph. #0 (
Data Gatered !is"al #"alit$ Rating %!#R&' 5he 9 was ta%en daily until the termination of the experiment. 5he following rating scales were used8
ating /cale
7escription
.
g n i t a , y t i l a u A l a u s i 9
B
A
>
C
7
?
@ 1 E 3 " #
B
-
?xcellent, 4o 7efects 'ood, /light 7efects (#-"1 wilting$
0 #
"
3
E
1
7ays
@
B
.
+
'
5he figure abo!e shows in!erse proportional relationship between the days of emergence in treatment and its 9.
that there is a significant difference between treatments, which means that a post-hoc test is re*uired.
Statisti4al Anal$sis
t was well defined that the !ase life of chrysanthemum cut flowers depend on the treatment gi!en to them (aull and Chantrachit, "00#$.
!#R
7uncan 5reatments
4
/ubset for alpha F 0.01 #
"
3
B.00
3
1.1000
@.00
3
@.#@@B
3.00
3
@."000
#.00
3
@.3000
@.3000
E.00
3
@.E333
@.E333
".00
3
@.@333
@.@333
1.00
3
B.0000
/ig.
#.000
.#
.013
5herefore, flowers lose their ability to draw water from the !ase solution resulting !ase life reduction.
)eans for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Dses Garmonic )ean /ample /i6e F 3.000.
7uncan )ultiple ange 5est was done to determine the significant differences between treatments. 5reatments that are grouped together means that there is no significant difference between these treatments. /ince 5reatment B (control$ was not grouped with the others, meaning it is incomparable with the other treatments. 5reatments @, 3, #, E, and " are grouped together, meaning that they are comparable to each other, same goes to 5reatments #, E, ", and 1. >ut assessing the mean, 5reatment 1 is the best treatment. ANO!A
9 /um of
df
)ean
/*uares >etween 'roups :ithin 'roups 5otal
+
/ig.
/*uare
3.1"
@
#.0
#E
1.3"
"0
.@E" E.1E0
And was well documented that coconut water contains auxins, gibberilins and cyto%inins ()amaril et al., #@$. n addition, coconut contains lot of reducing sugars (
.00
.#E#
/ince pF0.00 is less than the le!el of significance HF0.01, the hypothesis that states that there is no significant difference between treatments is reIected. 5his means
CONCLUSION
n this study, flowers %ept in #00 mL 5: plus 10 mL )C: manifested signs of decline in !isual *uality only after E days in storage thereby ha!ing the longest posthar!est life of ## days. n contrast, the flowers held in tap water (control$ showed noticeable decline after 3 days conse*uently resulting in a posthar!est life of days. 5he result further indicates that %eeping flowers in #00 mL 5: plus 10 mL )C: was effecti!e in prolonging the posthar!est life of chrysanthemum flowers. 5his supports the study of Agampodi and
LITERATURE CITED
Agampodi, 9.A., and .). ("00B$. ?ffect of coconut water on the !ase life of anthurium cut flower !ariety wild pin%. 5ropical Agricultural esearch 9ol. #8"0""0
). and 'hahsareh, ). "00. +loriculture. Eth edition,
tropical ornamentals. ost Gar!est >iology and 5echnology "#8 303-3#0 ey!andi, )., )oradtehrani, )., )aId, A. ("0#0$. (slamic )*ad +niv. ,an-an ranch. /. iol. ci.& 010. 3("$, 131. edman, . >., 7ole, <. )., )aness, 4. 2. and Anderson, <. A. "00". osthar!est Gandling of 4ine /pecialty Cut +lower /pecies. /ci. Gort. "8 "3-303. /olgi, )., &afi, )., 5agha!i 5. / and 4aderi, . "00. ?ssential 2ils and /il!er 4anoparticles (/4$ as 4o!el Agents to ?xtend 9ase-Life of 'erbera ('erbera Iamesonii c!. M7uneN$ +lowers. osthar!est >iol. 5echnol. 138 #11-#1
&elegama, /. ("00#$. Agriculture and the 4ew 5rade Agenda in the :52 "000 4egotiations8 ?conomic Analysis of nterests and olicy 2ptions for /ri Lan%a . (www.unctad.orgJtradeKen!Jtest#Jme etingsJstandardsJsrilan%a.doc$.
encir%iran, ). "001. ?ffect of /ucrose and /il!er 5hiosulphate ulsing on /tem base Crac%ing and 9ase Life in LeucoIum aesti!um L. +lowers. <. of Gort. /ci. and >iotech. 0 (3$8 33"33E.
)acnish, A. <., iol. 5echnolo. 1@8 BBE.
encir%iran, ). "0#0. ?ffect of #-)C (#)ethyl Cyclopropene$ and /5/ (/il!er thiosulphate$ on the 9ase Life of Cut +reesia +lowers. /ci. es. ?ssay. 1 (#B$8 "E0-"E#"
)amaril, <.C., 5rinidad, L.C. and aner, ?.5. (#@$. )ethods of extraction of plant growth hormones in coconut water8 .D9 characteri6ation. 5rans. 4ational. Acad. 2f /ci. and 5echonol. 8 ""1- "3 4air, /.A., /i!asamy , 4., Attri, >.L. and /harma, 5.9../. ("000$. ?ffect of natural and chemical floral preser!ati!es on !ase life of cut 'erbera , A Comparati!e /tudy. ndian Coconut <. 3# (3$8"-3# aull, .?. and Chantrachit, 5. ("00#$. >en6yladenine and !ase life of
