Quality assurance offers the quality assurance for this product.
Considerations for quality assurance Assurance contents We guarantee 1 year after service from the date of purchasing this product. If this product has any troubles or errors within such a period, you can receive free service from ED customer support center. Expenses covered by customers The necessary services shall be offered at a minimum cost of customers in the following cases. 1) If the warranty period expires. ※ However, it shall be valid for 5 years after the warranty period expires.
2) If the product has any troubles due to customers' negligence or Act of God. ※ They shall be handled at a charge of customers even during the warranty period.
Not guaranteed Any deliberate disassembly of this product for improving the performance cannot be covered by the manufacturer's warranty responsibility. Service guide Please, contact our customer support center for service application and consultation. Customer support center: +82-31-730-7525
FAX : +82-31-730-7313
※ For the safe and correct use of this product, please make sure to read the user's manual carefully before using it and follow the guidelines on how to handle and use this product.
Notice for equipment changes This product is subject to change without prior notice to improve its appearance, specifications and performance.
Caution 1. Keep the Manuals This manual provides basic information on ED-4260 System, the PLC experiment training device, along with directions for use. Before proceeding, it should be mentioned that the main unit of PLC under discussion is "GLOFA-GM4"manufactured by LS Industrial Systems(http://eng.lsis.biz). Therefore, one should refer to the manual provided with the product for basic instructions on usage. This manual focuses on how to use the peripherals and option module for PLC training, and it should also be noted that all manuals provided with ED-4260 should be kept with care. Manuals of other optional equipments should be kept too.
2. Manual *
Programmable Logic Controller (ED-4260 Experimental Manual)
※ Manuals for each option module is provided with the equipment. (This training book provides directions for using option modules) 3. Be Acquainted (1) The caution and the rest of the content of each manual must be read prior to using the equipment. (2) Read the information on functions of each module and the instructions for using the equipment before use. (3) Know in advance the functions and the usage of the power supply and the I/O ports in the ED-4260 frame, as well as the basic module (3 types). The basic modules are as follows : * PLC Input Controller (IM-4260-2) * PLC Output Simulator (OM-4260-3) * Count & Position Simulator (PM-4260-4)
(4) The input of this PLC is DC 12V~24V type. Therefore, one must never give the power over DC 24V to the PLC input port. (between input terminal and the com(common) terminal). (5) The maximum allowed amount current for the output contact of the PLC output module is 2A. For more that 1A load at AC 250V, a another auxiliary relay is required. (6) Care should be taken not to store or use the device under conditions below: * Humidity * Heat * Vibration * Dust * Direct sunlight
Table of Contents The Basics of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) Chapter 1 Introduction to PLC
1 3
1-1. Control Elements
3
1-2. Definition of PLC
3
1-3. History of PLC
4
1-4. Standards and Characteristics of PLC
5
1-5. Selection and Application of PLC
8
Chapter 2 The Structure of PLC
10
2-1. Hardware Structure
10
2-2. Input and Output Structure of PLC
12
2-3. Software Structure
15
Chapter 3 PLC Program (GMWIN) Setup
21
3-1. PC Requirements
21
3-2. Installing GMWIN
22
Chapter 4 Programming Tool (GMWIN)
25
4-1. Launching GMWIN
25
4-2. User Interface
30
4-3. Project Structure
31
4-4. LD Edit
33
4-5. Upload
34
4-6. Menu
36
4-7. Toolbar
43
4-8. Files Created by GMWIN
47
4-9. Opening Files
48
4-10. Saving Files
50
Chapter 5 Data Representation
52
5-1. Variable Representation
52
Chapter 6 Execution
61
6-1. Scan Time
61
6-2. I/O Refresh
62
6-3. I/O Image Area
62
6-4. Operation Mode
62
6-5. Changing the Operation Mode
64
6-6. Restart Mode
66
Chapter 7 Programming Basics 7-1. Using the Toolbar
69 69
7-2. Sequence Operators
106
7-3. List of Functions
107
7-4. List of Function Blocks
118
Chapter 8 Basic Sequence Circuits
120
8-1. AND Circuit
120
8-2. OR Circuit
121
8-3. NOT Circuit
122
8-4. Self Holding Circuit
123
8-5. Interlock Circuit
124
8-6. On-Delay Circuit
126
8-7. Off-Delay Circuit
127
8-8. One Shot Circuit
128
Appendix Glossary
ED-4260 PLC Trainer Chapter 1 Introduction of ED-4260 PLC Trainer
129
133 135
1-1. Introduction of ED-4260
135
1-2. Basic Components of ED-4260 PLC Trainer System
136
1-3. Option System
137
1-4. ED-4260 Specifications
138
Chapter 2 Usage of ED-4260
140
2-1. The Demonstration Frame
140
2-2. I/O Module and its Connection
146
2-3. Position Control Module
152
Chapter 3 Option Modules
156
3-1. A/D Converter(AD-4260-5)
156
3-2. D/A Converter(DA-4260-6)
160
3-3. Temperature Sensor Module(SU-4260-9)
164
3-4. Photo Control SCR Circuit(PC-4260-10)
168
3-5. Power & Terminal Transfer Unit(PT-4260-7)
172
3-6. Potentiometer & Meter Unit(PM-4260-8)
175
PLC Training Using the ED-4260 Trainer
177
Exercise 1
PLC I/O(ED-4260 TRAINER) Practice
179
Exercise 2
Program Practice using Subroutine Commands
191
Exercise 3
Motor's Start/Stop Circuit Practice
197
Exercise 4
Motor's Forward/Reverse Control Program Practice
203
Exercise 5
Program Practice using SET & RESET
209
Exercise 6
Positive/Negative Transition Sensing Pulse Coil Program
215
Exercise 7
3-Phase Induction Motor's Y-△ Start Circuit Program
220
Exercise 8
Program Practice using Counter(UP)
227
Exercise 9
Program Practice using Branch JUMP Command
234
Exercise 10 Program Practice using Return Command
239
Exercise 11 Program Practice using Transmission(MOVE) Command
243
Exercise 12 Motor's Upper/Lower Limit Linear Movement Circuit Practice
249
Exercise 13 Stepping Motor Circuit Practice using Timer
254
Exercise 14 Applied PracticeⅠ (Quiz Program Practice)
259
Exercise 15 Applied PracticeⅡ (Electronic Timer Program Practice)
262
Exercise 16 Applied PracticeⅢ (Lamp Shift Lighting Program Practice)
265
Exercise 17 Applied PracticeⅣ (Timer External Control Program PracticeⅠ)
268
Exercise 18 Applied PracticeⅤ (Timer External Control Program Practice Ⅱ) Exercise 19 Applied PracticeⅥ (Die Program Practice)
272 275
Exercise 20 Applied PracticeⅦ (ONE-SHOT Circuit Practice using TP Timer)
278
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CH1. Introduction to PLC / 3 CH2. The Structure of PLC / 10 CH3. PLC Program (GMWIN) Setup / 21 CH4. Programming Tool (GMWIN) / 25 CH5. Data Representation / 52 CH6. Execution / 61 CH7. Programming Basics / 69 CH8. Basic Sequence Circuits / 120 Appendix Glossary / 129
The Basics of PLC
Chap. 1 Introduction to PLC 1-1. Control Elements ① Input device: Composed of sensor, which converts physical signal into electric signal, and a converter, which transfers the signal to the controller. ② Output device: Converts the control signal generated by the device to operational signals to stimulate the actuator. ③ Control device: Sends output signals by executing the appropriate control method and control algorithm depending on the input condition. It is categorized into programmable controller, which has the control algorithm stored in memory as software to enabling easy modification, and hardware system, where once the control algorithm is set, it cannot be modified.
Input element
Control element Measurement
Processing
Output element Operation
(Control Device) (Algorithm) (Controller)
(Transducer)
(Actuator)
[Figure 1-1] Elements of control system
1-2. Definition of PLC PLC(Programmable Logic Controller) replaces functions such as relay, timer, counter used in old controller with semi-conductor component such as IC and transistor, adding computation abilities to the basic controlling function to make programmed control possible. National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) defines PLC as "a digital oriented electronic device which uses programmable memory to perform special functions such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting, and computation through digital or analog input/output module, and which controls variety of machines and processors."
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The Basics of PLC
1-3. History of PLC The development of the industrial society led each manufacturing process to become larger in scale, and more advanced and complex, requiring many different forms of control systems. A lot of time and money is needed to organically interconnect and modify these control systems. Up to now, control systems for automation were connected to related electronic components, such as relay, controller, timer, counter, etc, depending on the circuit layout, which led to problems such as difficulty in the wiring process and need large amount of space for sequence control, also has a limitation of processing speed of operation. Recognizing these problems, in 1968, General Motors, the American automobile manufacturer, suggested 10 conditions for PLC, as shown in [Table 1-1], which became the starting point of PLC development. [Table 1-2] is a brief history of PLC. [Table 1-1] 10 conditions suggested by GM
(1) Should be easy to implement and modify program and sequence system. (2) Maintenance and repair must be easy and must be plug-in type. (3) Should be more reliable than relay controller. (4) Output should be able to be connected to higher level computer. (5) Should be smaller in size than relay controller. (6) Should be more cost-effective than relay controller. (7) Input should be supplied with AC115[V]. (8) Should be output AC115[V], 2[A]. (9) Should be expandable without making much modification of the entire system. (10) Should be equipped with programmable memory, which is expandable to at least 4k words.
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The Basics of PLC
[Table 1-2] History of PLC Year
Progress
1968
The birth of the concept of PLC Introduction of logic control, 1k memory capacity and 128 I/O point handler Timer, counter, arithmetic operations, 12k memory capacity, and 1024 I/O point handling
1970 1974 1976
Introduction of remote I/O system (first standard created by the US)
1977
Introduction of microprocessor PLC Introduction of high performance I/O module, high performance communication device. high functional software; started to use microcomputer as programming tool Introduction of inexpensive small-size PLC Standardization, distributed and hierarchical control made possible by networking with computer
1980 1983 1985 1991
Fuzzy logic implemented by fuzzy module and fuzzy-only package
1-4. Standards and Characteristics of PLC 1) IEC Standard Language Until now, engineers who wished to work with PLC faced difficulties because the language and communication networks were different for many PLC makers. In order to fix this problem and bring more convenience to the user, IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) drew up an international standard specification (IEC 1131) which, as shown in [Table 1-3], is composed of 5 parts. [Table 1-3] IEC 1131 Part
Description
Part 1
Basic features of PLC and definition of terms
Part 2
Required functions and testing conditions of the facility
Part 3
Programming language
Part 4
Notice to users
Part 5
Communication and network
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The Basics of PLC
Some important features introduced by IEC are as follows: ① Support for many data types ② Components such as function, function block, program, etc, which made both top -down and bottom-up design and structured implementation possible ③ User programs can be made into libraries to be used in other environment ④ Support for multiple languages, from which user can choose the most optimal language for use. ⑤ The standard PLC language suggested by IEC consists of two graphic languages, two text-based languages, and SFC.
(1) Graphic Language ① LD (Ladder Diagram) : Originates from ladder in the U.S. Input and output are combined to form a program, which is a type of relay logic representation. ② FBD (Function Block Diagram) : Program represented by connecting the block functions.
(2) Text-Based Language ① IL (Instruction List) : Used in Europe. Command type language similar to assembly language. ② ST (Structured Text) : A high-level language developed to be used for real-time ap plications and is based on Pascal and C. ③ SFC (Sequential Function Chart) : Sequentially describes the flow and conditions of manufacturing process, where time, event, etc are defined as control sequence blocks.
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The Basics of PLC
2) Characteristics of PLC [Table 1-4] lists the characteristics of PLC and other control devices, showing the strength and weakness of each. [Table 1-4] Comparison of Controllers Category
Relay Controller
Digital Logic
Computer
PLC
Price
Very inexpensive
Inexpensive
Expensive
Inexpensive
Size
Large
Very small
Moderate
Very small
Speed
Slow
Very fast
Very fast
Fast
Noise
Good
Fair
Excellent
Fair
Control
Much time for design and integration
Much time for designing
Very much time for programming
Simple
None
Supported
Supported
Supported
Very difficult
Difficult
Very simple
Very simple
Very difficult
Difficult
Very simple
Very simple
Complex Functions Usage Modification Maintenance
◈ Characteristics of PLC - Wide variety of functions - High functionality of program (easy to design control circuit) - Easy to control - Easy to maintain - Reliable - Easy to install
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The Basics of PLC
1-5. Selection and Application of PLC 1) Selecting PLC In order to select PLC, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the subject of control, especially about the features, price, scalability, maintenance, whether the model will continue to exist in the market, and the user.
(1) Figuring the "Input Points" Combine the number of signal inputs, such as push button switch, limit switch, etc, with the number of sensors, such as proximity sensor, photo sensor, reed switch, to derive the input points and select a reasonable capacity. In addition, select input module with the appropriate specifications (AC or DC and voltage), taking into consideration the voltage requirements of the sensors, etc.
(2) Figuring the "Output Points" Sum up the number of power indicators, operation indicators, overload indicators, bells, etc. to derive the output points. Combine modules in point units of 8, 16, 32, etc, to derive the module count. In addition, since there are relay contact type, TR output type, SSR output type, etc, the voltage specification must be taken into account. ※ Relay contact output type, which is not restricted by the output voltage, is generally used.
(3) CPU and Support for Special Modules Generally, support for analog I/O and special cards (HSC, POP, PID, etc), in addition to digital I/O, should be taken into consideration, along with the characteristics of the CPU.
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The Basics of PLC
2) Application of PLC The applied area of PLC is expanding as facilities are challenged to be automated more efficient. Specifically, the demand for PLC due to factory automation and FMS has added to the old role of PLC of replacing the relay controller, the role in small manufacturing machines to large scale system facilities, as the current trend is for large scale and high functionality. [Table 1-5] shows applications of PLC, organized by the subject of control. [Table 1-5] Application of PLC Field Food Steel Production Fiber & Chemical Automobile Manufacturing Machine Industry Water & Sewage Services Logistics Factory Equipment Pollution Reduction
Subject of Control Conveyer master control, automated production line control Cargo control, raw material transport control, rolling machine control Cargo control, conveyer control, dyeing machine control Transfer line control, automated assembly control Industrial robot control, manufacturing machine control, water pump control Filtration plant control, sewage disposal plant control, water pump control Automated warehouse control, cargo facility control, return line control Compressor control, etc Automated incinerator control, pollution prevention control
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The Basics of PLC
Chapter 2 The Structure of PLC 2-1. Hardware Structure PLC is composed of the CPU, which is composed of microprocessor and memory, and is analogous to the human brain, the input and output part which takes connection with external peripheral devices, the power supply, and peripheral device which writes the program to the PLC memory. [Figure 2-1] shows the PLC structure as a whole.
Input Device ∶
Loader
∶
Output Device ∶ ∶ ∶
∶ ∶ Limit Switch
I
Memory
u
n Proximity Sensor
∶ Magnetic Contactor
t
p
u
t Photo Sensor
O
p
Solenoid
u t
➜ Microprocessor ➜
Pilot Lamp
[Figure 2-1] The Overall Structure of PLC
1) CPU of PLC Correspond to the role of the PLC brain, which fetches programs stored in memory one by one and decodes and executes each one. This process is repeated very rapidly and all data is processed in binary form.
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The Basics of PLC
2) The Memory of PLC CPU (1) Types of memory There are two types of IC memory, namely ROM and RAM. ROM is read only memory, as it stands for, whose content cannot be modified, and, therefore, used to store fixed data. This type of memory is said to be involatile, for it retains its content even when the power is cut off. On the other hand, it is possible to read data from and write data to RAM at any time. RAM is used to temporarily store data, but any data it contains will be lost if the power is cut off, making it a volatile type of memory, although it is possible to save a part of the RAM by using a small amount of battery power, to utilize it as involatile section of memory.
(2) Memory content The memory of PLC is divided into user program memory, data memory, and system memory. User program memory contains the program created by the user to suit the specification of the subject for control. Since user program must be able to be stored in the course of the development and need for modifications may arise later, user programs are stored in RAM. When the development of the program has been completed and the program becomes fixed, it can be stored in ROM for ROM operation. Data memory stores data such as contact status of input and output relay, auxiliary relay, and the setting & current value of the timer and counter, etc. which is subject to change dynamically, so it is stored in RAM. System memory is used to store system program provided by the PLC manufacturer. Since this kind of system program is a critical factor to determine the functionality and performance of the PLC, it is written to ROM by the PLC manufacturer.
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The Basics of PLC
2-2. Input and Output Structure of PLC The input and output part of PLC is connects directly to the peripherals(input/output elements) at site. Although the internal circuit of PLC uses DC +5(V) power (TTL level), the input and output part operates on a different voltage(DC 24V, AC 220V etc.), therefore we must consider the interface between the inside and the outside of the PLC is a critical factor for ensuring system stability. Following is the requirements for the input and output part: ① It must match with the external device in its electronic specifications. ② Noise from the external device must not reach or affect the CPU. (use photocoupler) ③ Connection to external device must be easy. ④ It must be possible to monitor the status of each contact of input and output (add LED) [Table 2-2] shows the external device connected to the input and output part. [Table 2-2] Input and Output Devices I/O
Category
Contact Type
Installation Point
Control Part and Operation Part
Input Contactless Type
Mechanical Device
Indicator
Control Part and Operation Part
Actuator
Mechanical Device
Output
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External Device Push-Button Switch Selector Switch Toggle Switch Level Switch(contact type) Limit Switch Reed Switch Photo Sensor Level Sensor Proximity Switch Pilot Lamp Bell(Buzzer) Electromagnetic Valve(solenoid) Electromagnetic Clutch Electromagnetic Brake Electromagnetic Switch (magnetic contact)
The Basics of PLC
1) Input Part Transfers signal from external devices to the arithmetic logic unit of the CPU. There are DC 24[V], AC 110/220[V] inputs, as well as other inputs module such as analog input (A/D) module, high speed counter module, etc. [Figure 2-3] represent an example of the input part circuit.
Device
Device
[Figure 2-3] Input part circuit
2) Output Part Transfers results of internal computation to external devices such as magnetic contactor or solenoid to drive them. Types of output includes relay output, transistor output, and SSR (Solid State Relay), and for other output modules, there are analog output (D/A) module and position control module(POP). [Figure 2-4] shows an example of transistor output module.
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The Basics of PLC
+24V Diode
Indication LED
Internal Device
External Device
Load
Photo Coupler [Figure 2-4] Transistor Output Module
[Table 2-3] PLC Types of Output Module Supply Voltage Direct Current (DC) Alternating Current (AC)
Switch Component Less type contact Type contact (Semiconductor) Relay Transistor Relay
SSR
As shown in [Table 2-3], relay output can be used for both DC and AC, but considering the limit in the durability of mechanical components, it is recommended to use a contactless element as below SSR output in AC or the transistor output in DC. ※ Special modules ① Position control module Process rapid contact output at the designated frequency range and voltage level. ② PID control module Computes raw data received from analog input modules to reach the desired value, using optimal conditions, and outputs the result to analog output module. ③ Desired value control Control the desired value by repeatedly increasing, decreasing and sustaining the current value within predetermined amount of time. ④ Etc. Communication module, network module and specific control module.
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The Basics of PLC
2-3. Software Structure 1) Introduction to Programming There is no fundamental difference between PLC control sequence and using relay, timer as done in the past. In order to understand and make the sequence program, the user must have knowledge in following 3 areas. ① Characteristics of the subject of control, that is electric condition of the goal of controlling, operation method, behavior, etc. ② Characteristics of the controlling device, such as relay and PLC, etc. ③ Must be aware of the rules PLC imposes for designing sequence, namely the rules concerning the symbols for diagram, device number, status, etc. There is no difference between using a PLC and relay/timer, regarding the above two issues. Therefore, in order to understand PLC control sequence, it is important that one have knowledge about the characteristics of PLC and how to use it. For example, there are hardware specifications such as nominal voltage and the number of contacts, and software aspects such as logic operation, timer, and counter. This kind of information can generally be found in the specification section of the catalog. In short, selecting the correct feature out of the many features PLC provides is the key to good design.
2) Hard-wired and Soft-wired Previous methods of relay control relied on laying out the flow of tasks on the circuit diagram and adding necessary controlling device, occasionally requiring lead wiring. This method is called hardwired logic. In hardwired logic, the hardware and the software is coupled as one, so any need for change required modifying both the hardware and the software. Consequently, much effort has been put to separating the hardware and the software, which lead to the introduction of the computer model. Computer cannot operate solely with hardware. It can do any work only if a set of instructions, i.e. a program, is loaded in its memory. The process of loading the program in the memory is called programming, which can be thought of as the equivalent of the wiring task. This method is called soft-wired logic, and PLC uses this method. www.ed.co.kr
The Basics of PLC
3) The difference between relay sequence and PLC program As PLC is a collection of electronic components such as LSI, it contains no contact such as relay sequence, or coil, and any operation requiring these components are handled in a software manner, activity of which is not visible. In addition, unlike relay sequence which is activated if the contact closes due to the induction in the coil, PLC has the program stored in memory and scans the content sequentially, and operates accordingly. This way, the user can modify the program in any way, to fit the control logic.
(1) Serial Processing and Parallel Processing The most fundamental difference between PLC control and relay sequence is serial processing and parallel processing, as shown in [Figure 2-5]. PLC takes the form of serial processing, where the program stored in the memory is sequentially computed, in relay sequence, many circuits operate simultaneously, which is called parallel processing. Therefore, PLC is doing only one thing at any moment.
(a) Serial Processing
(b) Parallel Processing [Figure 2-5] Computation Method
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(a)
(b) [Figure 2-6] Sequence Diagram
The Basics of PLC
First of all, the operational difference between PLC and relay will be discussed, referring to the sequence diagram in [Figure 2-6(a)]. In relay sequence, if power is supplied and contacts “A” and “B”, and “D” and “E” closes at the same time, output “C” and “F” is activated and whichever was quicker to react is activated first. In contrast, “C” will be activated prior to “F” according to the execution order in PLC. To further looking at the difference between PLC and relay, refer to Figure 2-6(b), where supply of power closes the contact “J”, which activates “H” and blocks activation of “I” in Relay sequence. In PLC, however, closure of “G” causes “I” to become active and closure of “J” causes “H” to become active on the first execution. In the second execution, the output of “I” is cleared by “H,” which has been activated during the first execution.
(2) Restriction on the number of contacts used Generally, relay has a limit in the number of contacts per relay. Consequently, one must be economical in the use of contacts when designing a relay sequence. In contrast, PLC does not impose any limit in the number of contact to use, because it stores the information of each contact (ON/OFF state) in the memory and refers to the data on execution of the program.
(3) Restriction on the location of contact and coil PLC introduces restrictions, or rules, which does not exist in relay sequence, one of which is prohibiting of putting any contacts after the coil, this restriction means that the output coil must be aligned at the right side. In addition, PLC is configured to always carry its signal from left to right, prohibiting signal flow in any other direction, which is possible in relay sequence. [Figure 2-7] shows the rules imposed by PLC.
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The Basics of PLC
[Figure 2-7] Rules in PLC Sequence
(4) Cautions for configuring PLC In case of relay circuits, the effect of malfunction of a part is restricted and other parts continue to work, but in PLC, failure of a part affects the whole system. In this light, it is not always wise to depend solely on PLC for controlling the whole system, and vital circuits, such as circuits for voltage control should be configured out of the PLC. Also, it may be dangerous if the output unit becomes ON at the moment PLC is powered up, so measures should be taken as shown below:
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The Basics of PLC
PLC Power Supply ON
Input Unit
1. The input unit, lamp output unit must be connected in front of the emergency stop circuit, in
OFF
order to monitor the stop status of operation. 2. The output unit retains its Output Unit
ON/OFF
state
right
before
stopping. In this case, the lamp stays on if keeping relay which retains data during power failure is used. We can also make the Emergency
Operation
Stop
Ready
PLC Stop Output
lamp stays on with general rely
THR MC
using self-holding circuit. 3. Stop Output 4. Interlock Circuit: In case
Interlock
of opposing set of operations Output Unit
THR
such as cw and ccw rotation MC1
THR
and the mishandle can cause damage to both machinery
MC2
and men need a interlock. circuit for safety
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The Basics of PLC
(5) Sequence of PLC Programming
Start
Decide Memory capacity and
System Design
the # of input and output units . Operation Flow
I/O Allocation
Independent Module Test
Ladder Design
I/O Device and PLC Wiring
Programming
Modify Program & Reiwiring
NG
Review Test OK Store in floppy disk, PROM,Type HDD.flash Memory
Store Program
Operation
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The Basics of PLC
Chapter 3. PLC Program (GMWIN) Setup 3-1. PC Requirements The following is the hardware and software required to run GMWIN.
1) Computer and memory PC with CPU Intel Pentium or later, and minimum of 128 Megabytes of memory.
2) Serial Port In order to utilize the full functionality of GMWIN and connect with PLC, there needs to be at least two serial ports available.
3) Hard disk drive Minimum of 20 Megabytes of space must be available in the hard disk to install all the GMWIN related files and to run GMWIN smoothly.
4) Floppy disk drive If you choose to GMWIN from floppy disks or save data on floppy disks, a floppy disk drive is required. (CD drive recommended)
5) Mouse A Microsoft Windows compatible mouse is required in order to use all the features of GMWIN.
6) Printer A Microsoft Windows compatible printer is required in order to print in GMWIN.
7) Microsoft Windows Windows 95/98 or a later version is required.
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The Basics of PLC
3-2. Installing GMWIN 1) Installation Procedures ① Insert the CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive. ② Click[PLC] in PRODUCT INFO → GLOFA-GM → Software → GMWIN → GMWIN 4.1
③ The File Download dialog box appears, and click [Open].
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The Basics of PLC
④ A setup dialog box with a welcome message appears. Any other application is recommended to be closed during the installation process.
⑤ Click
to move to the next step.
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The Basics of PLC
⑥ A dialog appears, showing the path of the folder where the program will be button to choose an
installed. To install at a different folder, click the other folder. To stop the installation procedure, press the
button at any
stage of the installation. In this case, GMWIN will not be able to be launched since the installation was aborted. Click
to move to next step.
⑦ Files will start to be copied from the CD-ROM to the hard disk.
⑧ The GMWIN is successfully installed.
⑨ Before you can use the GMWIN, you must restart your computer.
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The Basics of PLC
Chapter 4. Programming Tool (GMWIN) 4-1. Launching GMWIN 1) From the Windows Start menu, choose Programs - [LGIS], [GMWIN 4], [GMWIN 4.0]. A window in [Figure 4-1] will appear.
[Figure 4-1] GMWIN Program Window
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The Basics of PLC
2) GMWIM start window will appear as below. Click New Project in Project menu as in [Figure 4-2].
[Figure 4-2] GMWIN Project Window
3) Project In the New Project window, project file name is the name specified by the user and if it is not specified, it takes the default project name automatically. PLC type should be set to the type of PLC which will be used. In addition, Writer and Comment are only auxiliary information of the project, so they can be omitted. Refer to [Figure 4-3].
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The Basics of PLC
[Figure 4-3] GMWIN New Project Window
4) Define Program [Figure 4-4] shows the Define Program window. Although the user can specify a name for the program, but since cases may arise that the remembering the instance name to open the file for executing, therefore we recommend to use the default name. The task button of the select condition for run is used do define the condition under which the execution should take place, and Scan program, which executes regardless of the condition, should be selected in this case. It is convenient to give the same name for the program file as the project name, and for existing program, click the Find button and choose the desired file. (Files with different extension are generated during compilation and it is difficult to distinguish the files if the project name and the program name differ.)
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[Figure 4-4] GMWIN Define Program Window
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5) Program [Figure 4-5] shows the window for selecting the language used in the program, where the most convenient one of SFC, LD, and IL should be selected. In this chapter, LD (Ladder Diagram) will be used.
[Figure 4-5] GMWIN Add Program Window
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4-2. User Interface The GMWIN user interface is composed of Program Window, Toolbar, Project window, as shown in [Figure 4-6]. The Program Window and the Toolbar will be covered later.
-----Menu --Toolbar
LD Program Window
Project Window
[Figure 4-6] GMWIN User Interface
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4-3. Project Structure Project is the most basic element of program of GLOFA PLC, and normally there should be one Project per PLC system. Project can be divided into configuration part, parameter part, and inserted library files, where the configuration part is used to define software element such as global variable, access variable, resource content, and the parameter part has hardware related definitions such as basic parameters, I/O parameters, and link parameters. In addition, libraries can be added or removed in the inserted library files. Project structure is shown in [Figure 4-7], and functions are described in [Table 4-8].
[Figure 4-7] Project Structure
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[Table 4-8] Project Hierarchy Hierarchy item
Description
Project
defines the overall PLC system.
Configuration
configures several definitions for the PLC program.
Configuration Global Variable
variable list used over the configuration.
Access Variable
variable list that different configurations can access.
Resource
corresponds to the CPU module.
Resource Global Variable
variable list used over one resource.
Task Definitions
defines the running conditions of the program.
Define Program
describes each program and its running condition.
Direct Variables Comments
comments list used for the Direct Variables.
Parameter
defines the hardware contents of the PLC system.
Basic Parameters
defines basic hardware parameters.
I/O Parameters
describes the contents of the input/output modules.
High Speed Link Parameters
describes the contents of the high speed link parameters.
Inserted Library Files
list of current library files being inserted.
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4-4. LD Edit LD program displays PLC program with graphic symbols used in relay logic diagrams. As shown in the figure below, 'rung comment' contains the description of the corresponding rung. Rung refers to the vertically linked line formed by consecutive rows, as Row 1 to Row 4 in the example figure below, which form a rung, and row 5, is also forms a another rung. Label
Function Block
Row No.
Rung Comment
Function
Coil
Rung Subroutine Call
Contact
Vertical Link Horizontal Link
Jump Label
Subroutine Program
In the above figure, the {END} in Row 7 serves to mark the end of the main program. The rung named Abnomal process is a form of a subprogram(subroutine program), and the subroutine is called in Row 5. Selecting any element form the toolbar will change the mouse cursor to the same shape as the chosen element. Move the mouse pointer to the desired point and click to create a element for LD program.
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4-5. Upload Upload the program to the GMWIN from the PLC after storing the compressed project file and source file in the RAM or flash memory of the PLC.
1) Making the upload file Select in the option to make upload file when making and proceeding with make in the menu will cause to generate the upload file. Upload file contains the project, the program, and the functions and function blocks used in the program. ◆ Choose Project - Options in the menu to bring up the Option dialog box. ◆ Select Upload Program from the dialog box and click OK. It is not necessary to select the variable table (an option used to monitor variables using a separate device later).
PLC execution file and upload program will be generated.
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2) Writing to PLC Choose the upload program when writing to PLC. ◆ Choose Online - Write from the menu. ◆ In the write dialog, choose the parameter, the program and upload program.
Do the following depending on the program size. Program size
Program storage location
executable program size + upload program size < program RAM size
It is stored in the RAM on the CPU
Program RAM size > executable program size + upload program size
If flash memory is installed, it is stored in the flash memory after asking the user for confirmation.
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3) Reading from PLC (Upload) ◆ Choose Project - 'Load from PLC' in the menu. Open the project after creating the project, the program file, and the user libraries by loading the upload file from PLC. If a project with the same name already exists in GMWIN, overwrite it, or save it at another directory or save as another name as specified by the user.
4-6. Menu 1) Project Command
Description
New Project
Creates a project.
Open
Opens a existing project.
Upload Project From PLC
Uploads a project and program in the PLC.
Save
Saves the project. (program is not saved)
Save As
Saves the project as a different name.
Close
Closes the project.
Import Proiect Bundle
Opens project bundle file.
Export Proiect Bundle
Bundles all files connected to the project as one file.
Add Item
Adds new items to the project. (Define program, Resource Task, Library)
M Area Edit
Edits M area or saves it.
Preview
Show the contents which will be printed.
Print Project
Prints the contents of each corresponding point.
Print Program
Prints the contents of the activated window.
Printer Setup
Sets the print options.
Option
Sets the options for the GMWIN.
Exit
Exits the GMWIN.
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2) Program Command
Description
New Program (↑N)
Creates a program.
Open (↑O)
Opens a existing program.
Save (↑S)
Saves the program.
Save As
Saves the program as a different name.
Close
Closes the program.
Properties
Changes the program’s properties.
Local Variables
Edits local variables. For functions and function blocks, edits input/output Variables.
In/Out variables
3) Edit Command
Description
Undo (Ctrl+Z)
Cancels the last action at the program edit window, and returns back to the previous screen.
Redo (↑Y)
Restores the edit-canceled action again.
Cut (↑X)
Deletes the selected item, and copies it to the clipboard.
Copy (↑C)
Copies the selected item to the clipboard.
Paste (↑V)
Copies the clipboard contents to the edit window.
Delete (Del)
Deletes the selected item.
Find (↑F)
Finds out the desired string.
Replace (↑H)
Finds out the desired string, and replaces it to new one.
Replace Direct Variables
Replace the whole desired direct variables.
Find Next (↑F3)
Repeats the previous Find or Replace operation.
Go To
Moves the cursor to the desired location.
Screen Size
Controls the view size.
Delete Line
Deletes a line.
Insert Line
Inserts a line.
Insert Cell
Inserts a cell.
Toolbox
Uses the edit tool for each program.
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4)View Command
Description
Tool Bar
The user defines the toolbox.
Status Bar
Shows or hides the status line.
Full Screen
Enlarges the scope to indicate the program windows to the overall screen.
Project
Shows or hides the project window.
Result
Shows or hides the result window.
Variable Monitor
Shows or hides the variable monitor window.
I/O Monitor
Shows or hides I/O monitor window.
Link Parameter
Shows or hides link parameter window.
Zoom
Enlarges or reduces the screen.
Show Memory/ Comments
Shows or hides the variable comments.
Properties
Shows the registration selected items.
Monitor Array
Selects array no. Of the variable declared as array.
information
of
the
currently
5) Compile Command
Description
Compile
Compiles the program.
Compile All
Compiles all the programs in the project, and create a PLC execution file.
Memory Reference
Allows users to see the used global and direct variables.
Show Used I/O
Shows I/O use global variable or direct variable.
Check Double Coils
Shows the used doubles coil.
Previous Message
Moves to the previous message position.
Next Massage
Moves to the next message position
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6) Online Command Connect + Write + Run + Monitor On [Ctrl+R] Connect Read Write monitor On/Off Run
Description Connects to the PLC specified through the GMWIN and options, writes the program a user creates to the PLC and changes to the monitoring mode. Connects to the PLC specified through the GMWIN and options. Reads the PLC’s data. Writes the GMWIN’s program to the PLC. Start/finishes program monitoring. Converts PLC mode.
Stop PLC Monitor
Reset
Flash memory
Sleep Debug Master Convert Data Clear Reset Overall Reset Read Type
Converts CPU to communicate in GM1. Clears PLC data as "0". Resets PLC. Resets all data of CPU. Reads flash memory type information installed in CPU or writes data to flash memory.
Write Program Set Mode
Set Mode is only available in GM4-cpu. If the mode is set executing code is written in flash memory.
System
Shows PLC information.
Error/ Warning History PLC Info
I/O Module Fault Base Units
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Command I/O Info I/O Modules
I/O Forcing
Network
Description Shows/Writes PlC I/O Configuration Status. Matches PlC I/O Configuration With Project & PLC
I/O Synchronization Input Output Enable Link
Sets Forced I/O Value/Execution Allowance. Shows Link Module Type, Installed Slot, Station No.
Link Status
Shows Network Information.
Mnet Parameter
Inputs Mnet Parameter.
Comm unication Info Start Online Write Edit Cancel
Shows Sending/Receiving Information
FSM I/O Skip Fault Mask
Sets The Emergency Data Of F-Net Slave Module. Sets I/O To Skip. Sets Failure Mask.
Initialize Speacial Module
Initializes Special Module.
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Starts To Edit Function. Writes The Edit Contents while running. Cancels The Edit Function.
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7) Debug Command
Description
Begin/End Debug
Changes to the debug mode, (Begin debugging the program / Stops debugging the program.)
Go(Ctrl+F9)
Run to the break point.
Step Over(Ctrl+F8)
Run step by step.
Step In
Debugs functions and function blocks.
Step Out
While debugging functions and function blocks, escape the present block.
Pause
Pauses the Run.
Run to Cursor(Ctrl+F2)
Runs to the cursor location.
Insert / Remove Breakpoint (Ctrl+F5)
Inserts or removes the breakpoint.
Breakpoint List/Condition
Shows the list of the breakpoints you have set, and enables you to set the break condition.
Task Enable
Enables you to change the task while debugging.
8) Tools Command
Description
Library Manager
Edits library.
Start Simulation
Starts simulator.
Data Share
Shares monitor values with excel.
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9) Windows Command
Description
New Window Cascade
Opens New Window Against Current Window. Cascades The Several Windows Of The GMWIN.
Tile Horizontally
Tiles The Several Windows Of The GMWIN Horizontally.
Tile Vertically
Tiles The Several Windows Of The GMWIN Vertically.
Arrange Icons
Arranges Icons In The GMWIN.
Close All
Closes All The Windows In The GMWIN.
10) Help Command GMWIN Help LGIS Homepage About GMWIN
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Description Opens GMWIN helpdesk. Connects to LG industrial internet. Displays GMWIN information.
systems
homepage
by
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4-7. Toolbar The following is the GMWIN toolbar.
GMWIN provides frequently used features as toolbar. Choosing the desired tool with the mouse will execute the feature, as described in the chart below. Icon
Command
Description
New Project
- create a new project. - select Menu - Project - New Project
Open Project
- opens a existing project. - select Menu - Project - Open
Save Project New Program
Open Program
Save Program Local Variables
Undo(Ctrl+Z) Cut(Ctrl+X) Copy(Ctrl+C)
- saves the created project file. - select Menu - Project - Save - is used to open one or more programs included in a project. - select Menu - Program – New Program - opens a program selected from the menu. - select Menu - Program - Open [Note] - At the editing/debugging mode, two or more instances for one program are not available. For the monitor mode, you can open two or more instances for each program to monitor different positions of a long program. - saves the created program file. - select Menu - Program - Save - It allows you to edit local variables corresponding to the enabled program window. - select Program – Local Variables - Add/delete/edit each variable, and click the Close button. - cancels the last editing action during writing the program. - select Menu –Edit - Undo - specifies the item to be cut as a block. - select Menu – Edit-Cut - specifies the item to be copied as a block. - select Menu – Edit- Copy
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Icon
Command Paste (Ctrl+V) Delete
Search
Replace
Find Next (Ctrl+F3)
Compile
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Description - position the cursor to a location to be pasted, after performing the Cut or Copy. - select Menu – Edit - paste - specifies a item to be deleted with the block-specifying icon, and deletes the item using the Delete icon. - searches an instruction or operand in the enabled program. - select Menu – Edit - Find - enter a desired string to the string input column in the Find dialog box. - select one of the following options, and press the OK button. 1) Both Text and contact/coil : selects the type of the desired string. 2) Range : selects the range of the search. - From Cursor : searches it from the present location of the cursor. - Entire Scope : searches it over the program. 3) Direction : selects the direction of the search. - Forward : searches it downward. - Backward : searches it upward. 4) Word : selects the match percent of the desired word. - Match whole word : searches 100% percent matching word. - Match partial word : searches any percent matching word. - Invoke the Replace dialog box, by selecting Menu – Edit Replace - Enter text to be replaced to the New text textbox. - Select a LD program component to replace at the Contact/Coil to find box. - Enter the desired text to the new name textbox. - Select a LD program component to replaced at the New Contact/Coil box. - For other options, select those equal to the options for Find, and press the OK button. - When you have already done with the Find/Replace operation before, it repeats the Find/Replace operation with the conditions equal to Find/Replace. - select Menu - Edit- Find Next - only complies the program in the enabled program window, and produces an object file. - select Menu – Compile [Note] If you only compile a program, its execution file is not created.
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Icon
Command
Description
Make Create execution file
- compiles only the programs needed to be compiled in the project programs, and creates an execution file. - select Menu – Compile - Make
Connect + Write+ Run + Monitor On
- This is a macro command to execute the written program with one menu operation. - With this command, you can connect, write a program, change the mode change(Run), and start monitoring with one operation.
Connect
- establishes the connection between GMWIN and PLC. - select Menu - Online - Connect
Run
- RUN mode : Mode to execute a program properly. - select Menu - Online – Change Mode - Run
Stop
- STOP mode : Mode to stop the program, without operating it. - select Menu - Online – Change Mode - Stop
Pause
- PAUSE mode : Mode to pause to operate the program. - select Menu - Online – Change Mode - Pause
Begin Debug
- DEBUG mode : Mode to find out errors on the program or to trace the operating process. - select Menu - Online – Change Mode -Begin Debug
Go
runs to the break point.
Over Step
runs the program step by step.
Step In
debugs functions and function blocks.
StepOut
While debugging functions escape the present block.
Pause
pauses the Run.
Run to Cursor Insert/ Remove Breakpoint
and
function
blocks,
runs to the cursor location. inserts or removes the breakpoint.
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Icon
Command
Description
Disconnect
- releases the connection between GMWIN and PLC. - select Menu - Online - Disconnect
Write
- writes parameters and programs of the GMWIN to the PLC. - invoke the Write dialog box, by selecting Menu – Online – Write. (after establishing the connection) - If the PLC state is on Run mode, the following screen appears. - Basic Parameters : reads only basic parameters from the PLC. - I/O Parameter : reads only I/O parameters from the PLC. - High speed Link Parameters : reads only high speed link parameters from the PLC. - Duplication Parameters : reads only duplication parameters from the PLC. (enabled only when selecting the Duplication) - Program : reads only programs from the PLC. - Parameters and Programs : reads both parameters and programs from the PLC. - Upload : reads upload programs from the PLC.
Monitor On/Off
- GMWIN allows users to monitor the status of the PLC on operation. - Online - Monitor – Monitor On ▪ Program Monitoring ▪ I/O Monitoring ▪ Variable Monitoring ▪ Time Chart Monitoring ▪ Link Parameter Monitoring
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4-8. Files created by GMWIN The following types of files are created when the user generates PLC executable file by creating a project and editing a program. ① * . PRJ : The project file created by the user ② * . BN0 : PLC executable file ③ * . MON: File containing the information for monitoring ④ * . CR0 : Generated when PLC executable file is created. ⑤ * . SRC : Program file created by the user ⑥ * . ASV : Periodical auto-save file of the program ⑦ * . OP? : Generated on program compilation (Program block) ⑧ * . OB? : Generated on program compilation (Function block) ⑨ * . OF? : Generated on program compilation (Function)
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4-9. Opening Files The user must open an existing project in order to create a program.
1) Opening a project ◈ Select Project - Open from menu.
2) Opening a program ① Select Program - Open from menu. ② Choose the drive and directory in order to find the location of the file in the list box. ③ Enter the file name directly or choose from the list box. Choose the types of files to show from the File Type. ◈ Project File : ＊.PRJ ④ Click the Open button.
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Program File: ＊.SRC
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4-10. Saving Files 1) Saving a new file ◈ Saving a file that has never been saved.
2) Saving a project ◈ Select Project - Save from menu.
3) Saving a program. (1) Select Program - Save from the menu. (2) Choose from the list box the drive and directory location to save the file. (3) Enter the desired file name in the file name field. Enter PRJ for proiect files and SRC for program files as the extension. (4) Click the Save button.
4) Saving while working (1) Saving project ◈ Choose Project - Save from menu. (2) Saving program ◈ Choose Program - Save from menu.
5) Saving by different name Changing the project name or the program name. (1) Saving Project ◈ Choose Project - Save As from menu. (2) Saving Program ① Choose Program - Save As from menu. ② Choose from the list box the drive and directory location at which to save the program. ③ Enter the file name in the file name field. Enter PRJ for project files and SRC for program files as the extension. ④ Click the Save button. www.ed.co.kr
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6) Closing File (1) Method 1: Double-click the adjustment menu at the top-left corner of the win dow to close. (2) Method 2 ① Closing Project ◈ Choose Project - Close from menu. ② Closing Program ◈ Choose Program - Close from menu.
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Chapter 5. Data Format 5-1. Variable Representation Data used in a program has values, which can be divided into ones that change during the course of the execution and ones that stay constant. In order to use variables in program block, function, function block, etc, the representation method of the variable must first be determined. Variables are categorized into direct variables and named variables.
① Direct variables: Do not need to be declared(conventional Method) ② Named variables: Declaration necessary
In the first method of direct variables, the user does not need to name the variable, but a memory location identifier predefined by the maker is used, where as in the second method of named variables, the user assigns the name to be used as the identifier
1) Direct Variables There are %I, %Q input and output variables and %M internal memory variables for direct variables. Direct variables always starts with the percent character(%), followed by location prefix and size prefix and one or more unsigned integer, delimited by periods.
(1) Examples of direct variable Input variable assignment: %I0.0.0, %I0.0.1, %I0.0.2 etc. Output variable assignment: %Q0.2.0, %Q0.2.1, %Q0.2.2 etc. Internal memory variable assignment: %M0, %M1, %M2 etc.
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(2) Location prefix No.
Prefix
Meaning
1
I
Input Location
2
Q
Output Location
3
M
Internal Memory Location
No.
Prefix
Meaning
1
X
1 bit (the X is omittable)
2
B
1 byte (8 bits)
3
W
1 word (16 bits)
4
D
1 double word (32 bits)
5
L
1 long word (64 bits)
(3) Size Prefix
※ Input and output representation of direct variables % [Location Prefix] [Size Prefix] [Base Number]. [Slot Number]. [Contact Point Number]
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Input
% I
X
0. 0. 0
Output
% Q X
0. 3. 0 Represents the contact point number of the I/O module Takes value between 0 and 63. Represents the slot number of the slot on which the I/O module is installed. Takes value between 0 and 7. Base number : Takes value between 0 and 3. Size prefix: X represents 1 bit. Location prefix: I(input), Q(output), M(internal memory) Reserved word for direct variable
EX)
%IX0.0.3 : Direct variable, input, 1 bit, base 0, slot 0, contact point 3 %QX0.2.7 : Direct variable, output, 1 bit, base 0, slot 2, contact point 7
(4) Internal memory NO.
Internal Memory
Meaning
1
%MX0
Represents the contact point at location 0 in bit.
2
%MB1
Represents memory location 1 in byte.
3
%MD48
Represents the memory location 48 in double words.
4
%MW20.3
Represents the third bit at the memory location 20 in words.
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(5) Internal Memory M b b b b b b b 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
%MW0
WORD (16Bit) Address
b 8
b 7
b 6
b 5
b 4
b 3
b 2
b 1
b 0
%MW99 %MB201
%MW100
%MB200
%MW101
%MB200
Byte(8bit) Address
7
Bit Address
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
%MX1603 %MB200.3 %MW100.3
2) Named Variable The user needs to declares the name and the type of the named variable when using. ① The name of the variable can be up to 16 characters in length(English), in case of KOREAN & characters are available. ② KOREAN Alphanumeric characters and underscore(_) can be used together. ③ There is no distinction between capital and lower case letters and all characters are considered to be capital letters. The name may not contain spaces.
(1) Examples of named variables Type Alphanumeric Characters and Underscore
Usage Example AGV_DRIVE_COMP, MOTOR2_ON, BCD_VALUE, VAL2, AUTO_EJECT_SOL
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(2) Types of Named Variable No.
Variable Type
Meaning
1
VAR
2
VAR_RETAIN
3
VAR_CONSTANT
Variable for reading only
4
VAR_EXTERNAL
Variable to assign external variable (VAR_GLOBAL)
General type for reading and writing Variable which retains its value even in the case of power failure
(3) Data Type of Named Variables (Represents the property of the data) ① Data types are categorized into numerical type (ANY_NUM) and bit state (ANY_BIT). ② The most common numerical type is the integer (INT) which can be used for counting and arithmetic operations. ③ Examples of integer includes the current value of a counter and A/D (analog input) conversion value. ④ Bit state includes BOOL(Boolean: 1 bit), BYTE(8 bits), WORD(16 bits), which represents ON/OFF state and is used for logical operations. ⑤ Examples of bit state includes the ON/OFF state of input switch, the illumination state of output lamp. ⑥ Since BCD is 4-bit binary code representation of decimal number, it is essentially bit state (ANY_BIT). ⑦ Arithmetic operations cannot be done on bit state type as it is, but it is possible, using type conversion function.
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(4) Basic Data Types Category
Numerical (ANY_ NUM)
Time
Date
Character String
Bit State (ANY_ BIT)
Data Type
Meaning
Size (bits)
Range
SINT
Short Integer
8
-128 ~ 127
INT
Integer
16
-32768 ~ 32767
DINT
Double Integer
32
-2147483648 ~ 2147483647
LINT
Long Integer
64
-9.2237×10
USINT
Unsigned Short Integer
8
0 ~ 255
UINT
Unsigned Integer
16
0 ~ 65535
UDINT
Unsigned Double Integer
32
0 ~ 4294967295
ULINT
Unsigned Long Integer
64
0 ~ 1.844×10
REAL
Real Numbers
32
-3.402823×1038 ~ -1.401298×10-45 401298×10-45 ~ 3.402823×1038
LREAL
Long Real Numbers
64
-1.7976931×10308 ~ -4.9406564×10-324 4.9406564×10-324~1.7976931×10308
TIME
Duration
32
T#0S ~ T#49D17H2M47S295MS
DATE
Date
16
D#1984-01-01 ~ D#2163-6-6
TIME_O F_DAY
Time Of Day
32
TOD#00:00:00 ~ TOD#23:59:59.999
DATE_A ND _TIME
Date And Time Of Day
64
DT#1984-01-01-00:00:00 ~ DT#2163-12-31-23:59:59.999
STRING
Character String
BOOL
Boolean
1
0,1
BYTE
Bit String Of Length 8
8
16#0 ~ 16#FF
WORD
Bit String Of Length 16
16
16#0 ~ 16FFFF
DWORD
Bit String Of Length 32
32
16#0 ~ 16FFFFFFFF
LWORD
Bit String Of Length 64
64
16#0 ~ 16FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
18
18
~ 9.2237×10
19
30*8 -
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(5) Data Type Hierarchy Data types used in GLOFA PLC can be graphically represented as the tree below. ANY ANY_NUM
LREAL
ANY STRING ANY_BIT LWORD(GM 1,2) DWORD ANY_INT WORD LINT(GM1,2) BYTE DINT BOOL
REAL
INT
ANY_REAL (GM 1,2)
ANY_DATE TIME DATE_AND_TIME DATE TIME_OF_DAY
SINT ULINT(GM1,2) UDINT UINT USINT
① ANY_REAL(LREAL, REAL) and LINT, ULINT, LWORD are applicable only to GM1 and GM2. ② From now on, it is implied that data type of ANY_NUM includes LREAL, REAL, LINT, DINT, INT, SINT, ULINT, UDINT, UINT, USINT, as shown in the hierarchy. ③ For example, if a type is said to be ANY_BIT in GM3, any of DWORD, WORD, BYTE, BOOL can be used.
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(6) Initial Value (If no value is specified, the variable is initialized to a value according to the following table.) Data Type
Initial Value
SINT, INT, DINT, LINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT, ULINT
0
BOOL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, LWORD
0
REAL, LREAL
0.0
TIME
T#0s
DATE
D#1984-01-01
TIME_OF_DAY
TOD#00:00:00
DATE_AND_TIME
DT#1984-01-01-00:00:00
STRING
"(empty string)"
① Since the declaration of VAR_EXTERNAL only indirectly designates an externally declared variable, it cannot be given an initial value. ② Variables allocated using %I or %Q in declaration cannot be given initial values. Because those are Input and Output variables.
(7) Memory Allocation of Named Variables Named variables can be allocated either automatically or manually.
(8) Automatic Allocation Compiler automatically allocates the address for the variable in the memory. For example, if a variable called “VALVE_1” is declared to be automatically allocated, the memory location of this variable is determined only after the compilation of the program is done, so there is no need to worry about the location of the variable. Once declared, a variable serves, regardless of input or output, to relay signals during the computation process, temporarily save signal state(internal data), assignment of the name (the instance of the function block) of contact for timer or counter, etc.
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(9) User Definition The user manually defines the location, using direct variables (%I, %Q, %M). The declared variable is used as input and output (%I, %Q) variables and communication variables, which will be used as communication parameters. ※ As Data type is a very important issue, it will be covered in more detail with some examples. Much caution should be taken in using these data types for sequence control, arithmetic operation and logical comparison and conversion, etc.
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Chapter 6. Process of operation 6-1. Scan time PLC is first executed from the beginning of the program to the end in a sequential manner, starting at a state where the input has been refreshed, and then the output is refreshed. This process is repeated very rapidly, which is why it is called ‘repeated execution method’, and the time it takes for one execution is called ‘1 scan time.’
Operation Start
1 Scan
Input image area refresh
Contact status of input module
Scan program start ․ ․ ․ Scan program end
Execute task program
Output image area refresh
Contact status of output module
END
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6-2. I/O Refresh I/O refresh is the process consists of acquiring the status of the contacts from the input module and saving it in the input image area, and writing the output image altered by the program execution to the output module after the program execution is completed.
6-3. I/O Image Area GLOFA PLC executes program in a repeated fashion, so it does not change the I/O state in the course of the program execution, but performs I/O refresh on every scan. The state of each contact which change during the execution is stored in memory of the PLC, and this is called the I/O image area.
6-4. Operation Mode 1) RUN Mode Runs the program in a normal manner.
(1) Mode Change Procedure Data is initialized on the first scan.
(2) Execution Procedure Performs input/output refresh and program execution.
2) PAUSE Mode The execution of the program is paused. If the mode is changed back to RUN mode, the operation continues after the state is restored to the state immediately before stopping.
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(1) Mode Change Procedure The initialization of the data area and clearing of the I/O image area are skipped, and operation state is preserved as it was before the operation..
(2) Execution Procedure I/O refresh is performed.
3) STOP Mode The program execution is stopped. Only in remote STOP mode is program transfer by GMWIN possible.
(1) Mode Change Procedure Clears the output image area and performs an output refresh.
(2) Execution Procedure Performs I/O refresh to check for any problems in operation, installation, and communication service, and operation status, and other internal procedures are carried out.
4) DEBUG Mode Used to find bugs in the program or follow the line of execution. Switching to this mode is only possible at the STOP state. The execution status and data content can be verified in this mode.
(1) Mode Change Procedure Data area is initialized as specified in the restart mode, which is set in as parameters at the beginning of the mode switch, output image area is cleared, and input refresh is performed.
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(2) Execution Procedure ① Input refresh is performed. ② Debug operation is performed according to the setting. ③ When the debug has reached the end the program, output refresh is performed. ④ The installed module is checked for correct operation and whether it is installed correctly. ⑤ Communication and other services are performed.
6-5. Changing the Operation Mode 1) Different ways to change the mode (1) Use mode key in the CPU module (2) By connecting GMWIN to the communication port of the CPU module (3) By connecting GMWIN to other CPU module on the F-net (4) Issue user command through FAM, computer link, etc. (5) Use ‘STOP Function’ during program execution
2) Changing the mode using the mode key Mode key position
Mode
RUN
Local RUN
STOP
Local STOP
STOP
→ PAU/REM
PAU/REM → RUN * RUN
→ PAU/REM
PAU/REM → STOP
Remote STOP Local RUN Local PAUSE Local STOP
PLC continues to operate without any delay, when switching from remote RUN mode to local run mode by the mode key.
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3) Remote mode change Remote mode change is possible only if the mode key is set to remote STOP. (If the mode key is at STOP → PAU/REM) Location of the mode key
PAU/REM
Mode change using GMWIN
Mode change using FAM, computer link, etc.
Remote STOP → Remote RUN
○
○
Remote STOP → Remote PAUSE
×
○
Remote STOP → DEBUG
○
×
Remote RUN → Remote PAUSE
○
○
Remote RUN → Remote STOP
○
○
Remote RUN → DEBUG
×
×
Remote PAUSE → Remote RUN
○
○
Remote PAUSE → Remote STOP
○
○
Remote PAUSE → Remote DEBUG
×
×
DEBUG → Remote STOP
○
○
DEBUG → Remote RUN
×
×
DEBUG → Remote PAUSE
×
×
Mode Transition
4) Remote operation mode change permission In order to protect the system, a part of operation mode change source has been made unmodifiable, and when remote operation mode change has been disallowed, mode can be change using mode key or GMWIN. Options can be set in the ‘Allow PLC control through communication’ of the basic parameter area.
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6-6. Restart Mode Restart mode determines how to initialize the variables and the system before operating in RUN mode, when the power has been supplied again or after a mode change. It can be cold, warm, or hot type, and execution condition of each type is as follows.
1) Cold Restart (1) Executed if the parameter restart mode is set to cold restart. (2) All data is cleared to be 0, while variables with specified initial values are initialized to the preset value. (3) Even if the parameter is set to warm restart, the first run after any change has been made to the program will cause to restart in cold mode. (4) If the manual reset button is pressed while operation (same as issuing a reset command through GMWIN), a cold restart takes place regardless of the parameter setting.
2) Warm Restart (1) Executed if the parameter restart mode is set to warm restart. (2) Variables declared to preserve previous value retains the current value, while variables with only initial values specified is initialized to the value. All other variables are initialized to 0, clearing any previous content. (3) Even if the parameter is set to warm restart, the first operation after a program download or a halt caused by error is always a cold restart. (4) Even if the parameter is set to warm restart, a cold restart will take place in case the data has any abnormality (data is not preserved in case of power failure). → For variables with the option set to retain value in case of power failure (VAR_RETAIN), the following set of rules is followed. ① Parameter must be set as warm restart, in order to retain the value in case of power failure. ② If parameter is set as cold restart, it is initialized to the user-defined initial value or to the basic default initial value. → Variables that is not declared VAR_RETAIN is always initialized to the user-defined initial value or to the basic default initial value, for both cold and warm restart. www.ed.co.kr
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3) Hot Restart (1) If and it is the run mode when power comes back on after being cut off during a normal operation. the interval between the power off and on is shorter than the maximum allowed time for hot restart, hot restart is performed. (2) Execute after restoring all data and program execution elements to their previous state. (3) Since the program is executed in the state just before the power went off, the continuity of program execution is ensured, even in cases of momentary power failure. (4) If the time exceeds the maximum allowed time for hot restart, it is restarted, cold or warm, as defined in the parameter. (5) In case of abnormal data (data is not preserved during power failure), a cold restart is performed.
4) Data initialization depending on restart mode Each variable is initialized for each restart mode as shown in the chart below: Variable Mode
COLD
WARM
Default
Initialize to “0”
Initialize to “0”
Retain
Initialize to “0”
Retain previous value
Initialize
Initialize to user set value
Initialize to user set value
Retain & Initialize
Initialize to user set value
Retain previous value
HOT Retain previous Retain previous Retain previous Retain previous
value value value value
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Power On
Operation Mode
STOP
STOP Mode
Abnormal Operation Mode
Operation Mode
timeout
Within time Cold Restart Operation Mode
Warm Restart
Hot Restart
Warm Restart
Cold Restart
Hot Restart
[Flowchart for restart mode when power is resupplied during operation]
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Chapter 7. Programming Basics 7-1. Using the toolbar Frequently used functions, such as program editing, variable monitoring, time chart, and I/O monitoring can be accessed through toolbar. In addition, the position of the toolbar on the screen can be changed by selecting Toolbar - Toolbar Form from the menu, elements of toolbar is represented in [Figure5-1].
[Figure 5-1] Toolbar
1) Arrow (
)
Use arrow to move, edit, or delete contacts, coil, functions, function blocks etc.
2) Block Selection (
)
Use to perform edit actions such as delete or copy on multiple rows. ※ Click the block selection icon and move the cursor to the place to edit, and left button click and drag to select and edit multiple rows.
3) Normally Open Contact
(
)
Normally open contact, which can be thought of as the “a” contact in sequence control. (Shortcut key: F2) ※ After clicking the icon, and move the cursor to the desired position and left click.
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4) Normally Closed Contact (
)
Normally closed contact, which can be thought of as the “b” contact in sequence control. (Shortcut key: F3) ※ After clicking the icon, and move the cursor to the desired position and left click. [Note]
,
cannot be placed at the right end. (rule)
5) Positive Transition Detection Contact
(
)
Positive Transition detection contact detects the change of “0” to “1” and connects for the duration of one scan. (Shortcut key + ) ※ Click the icon for positive transition detection contact and move the cursor to the desired place for editing and left click.
(
6) Negative Transition Detection Contact
)
Negative Transition detection contact detects the change of “0” to “1” and connects for the duration of one scan. (Shortcut key + ) ※ Click the icon for negative transition detection contact and move the cursor to the desired place for editing and left click.
7) Horizontal and Vertical Lines
(
,
)
The horizontal and vertical lines are used to establish connection between two contacts, contact and coil, or branch circuits, horizontally and vertically. (Shortcut key , )
8) Coil and Reverse Coil (
,
)
Coil represents the output which is magnetized if the input from the left is ON, and demagnetized if it is OFF. Reverse coil work in the opposite way, being magnetized if the input from the left is OFF and demagnetized when the input is ON.
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If the left circuit input is ON
If the left circuit input is OFF
Coil
Magnetized
Demagnetized
Reverse Coil
Demagnetized
Magnetized
※ Directions for use and function description Below is a comparison between the case of coil and reverse coil: ◈ Coil: If %I0.0.0 is “1” then the output of the coil %Q0.2.0 produces “1” If %I0.0.0 is “0” then the output of the coil %Q0.2.0 produces “0” ◈ Reverse coil is the opposite: If %I0.0.0 is “1”the output of the reverse coil %Q0.3.0 produces “0” If %I0.0.0 is “0”the output of the reverse coil %Q0.3.0 produces “1”
9) Set Coil and Reset Coil
(
,
)
In setting coil, the state of the boolean variable becomes ON when the input at the left becomes ON and remains set state until it is reset by the RESET coil. Reset coil is use to reset a coil which is at ON on state. (Shortcut key +, + )
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※ Directions for use and function description ◈ If the contact signal is ON, the output %Q0.2.0 becomes ON and remains at the magnetized state even if all the contacts are OFF. ◈ By turning the reset contact ON, the output %Q0.2.0 becomes OFF and the output becomes demagnetized.
10) Positive and Negative Transition Detection Coil
(
,
)
Positive Transition detection coil stays ON for one scan after the rising edge of input going from OFF to ON in the previous scan. Negative Transition detection coil stays ON for one scan after the falling edge of input going from ON to OFF in the previous scan. ※ Directions for use and function description ◈ Positive Transition detection coil M1 stays On for one scan from the moment the input switch %I0.0.1 becomes ON, as shown in the time chart below. It stops operating after that, so self holding circuit has been added. The magnetized output %Q0.2.1 is demagnetized by the input switch %I0.0.0. ◈ Negative Transition detection coil M2 is activated when the switch %I0.0.2 has been released after being pressed and stays magnetized by the output coil %Q0.2.2.
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[Positive Transition Detection Coil]
11) Function
(
[Negative Transition Detection Coil]
)
Basic functions include move function, type Transition function, comparison function, arithmetic function, logical function, bit shift function, etc. (1) Function immediately outputs the result of computation in one scan, and there is only one result. www.ed.co.kr
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(2) IN and OUT variables of the move function can have all kind of data types, but the types of data must be a same type. (3) IN1, (IN2), and OUT variables of arithmetic functions (ADD, MUL, etc) can only take the numeric data type (ANY_NUM), and all data types must be the same. (4) IN1, (IN2), and OUT variables of logical functions (AND, OR, etc) must be the bit data type (ANY_BIT), and all types must be the same. (5) IN and OUT variables of type Transition functions (INT_TO_BCD, BCD_TO_INT, etc) is bound to be the assigned data type and the functions are placed in libraries for use. (6) Usage of the move function:
MOVE (Data Transfer) Function
Description Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN: Data to transfer Output ENO: Same as EN OUT: Data transferred Data types of IN and OUT must be a same type. ex) if IN is %IB0.0.0, then OUT must be %QB0.2.0.
A. Program application example 1 If the execution condition (%I0.0.8) becomes ON, the MOVE function is executed and the ON/OFF information of the byte (8 bits) at 0.0.0~0.0.7 is copied to the corresponding bits in 0.2.0~0.2.7. (moved in units of byte)
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B. Program application example 2 If one of the three switches 0, 1, 2 is set to ON, the MOVE function is executed and the code value is transferred to %QW0.3.0.
◈ LD confirmation using a simulator ① Turning ON the 16#0000 (%IX0.0.0) of the first IN1 is the command to put a hexadecimal code of 0000 at the output %QW0.3.0 (hex). ② Turning ON the 16#1111 (%IX0.0.1) of the second IN1 is the command to put a hexadecimal code of 1111 at the output %QW0.3.0 (hex). ③ Turning ON the 16#FFFF (%IX0.0.2) of the third IN1 is the command to put a hexadecimal code of FFFF at the output %QW0.3.0 (hex).
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(7) Types and usages of type Transition functions A. BCD_TO_*** (Converts BCD to integer) Function
Description
Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN: ANY_BIT Input value encoded in BCD Output ENO: Same as EN OUT: Type converted data
A) Function Converts the INPUT type and writes the output on OUT. FUNCTION
Input Type
Output Type
BCD_TO_SINT
BYTE
SINT
BCD_TO_INT
WORD
INT
BCD_TO_DINT
DWORD
DINT
BCD_TO_USIN T
BYTE
USINT
BCD_TO_UINT
WORD
UINT
BCD_TO_UDIN T
DWORD
UDINT
Content
Converted correctly only if the input is encoded in BCD. (If the input data type is WORD, the conversion is valid only for values in the range of 0~16#9999)
If IN contains data which is not a valid BCD value, the output is set to “0” and _ERR (Arithmetic error flag) and _LER (Arithmetic error latch flag) are set to ON. B) Program Application Providing the BCD value 3333 as the input using %IW0.1.0 and setting %IX0.0.0 to ON will cause to produce the integer converted value on the output. www.ed.co.kr
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B. INT_TO_*** (INT type conversion) Function
Description
Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN: Integer input Output ENO: 1 if there is no error OUT: Type converted data
A) Function Converts the type of IN and writes the output on OUT. FUNCTION
Data Type
INT_TO_SINT
SINT
INT_TO_DINT
DINT
INT_TO_USINT
USINT
INT_TO_UINT
UINT
INT_TO_UDINT
UDINT
INT_TO_BOOL
BOOL
INT_TO_BYTE
BYTE
INT_TO_WORD
WORD
INT_TO_DWORD
DWORD
INT_TO_LWORD
LWORD
INT_TO_BCD
WORD
Content Appropriately converted If the input is in the range -128~127, but for values out of this range will cause error. Convert to DINT type. Appropriately converted If the input is in the range 0~255, but for values out of this range will cause error. Appropriately converted If the input is in the range 0~65535, but for values out of this range will cause error. Appropriately converted If the input is in the range 0~4294967295, but for values out of this range will cause error. Takes the lowest 1 bit and converts it to BOOL type. Takes the lowest 8 bits and converts it to BYTE type. Convert to WORD type without modifying any bits. Convert to WORD type by filling the highest bits with 0's. Convert to LWORD type by filling the highest bits with 0's. Appropriately converted If the input is in the range 0~9999, but for values out of this range will cause error.
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B) Error In case of conversion error, _ERR (Arithmetic error flag), _LEE (Arithmetic error latch flag) is set to ON. C) Program Application If forced variable 6666 is fed as the integer value when the input switch of %I0.0.0, the BCD value for the 6666 is written to %QW0.2.0 and if the maximum allowed integer value of 9999 or 16#270F is inputted to the INT_TO_BCD function, the BCD value of 16#9999 is written to %QW0.2.1.
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C. GT (‘Greater than’ Comparision) Function
Description Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN1: Value to compare IN2: Value to compare ※ The number of inputs can be expanded to up to 8. IN1, IN2,... must be the same type. Output ENO: same as EN OUT: the result of the comparison
A) Function If the condition IN1 〉IN2 〉IN3... 〉INn holds true for the inputs, “1” is produced for OUT. If not, OUT becomes “0”,
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B) Program Application (a) If the execution condition %IX0.0.0 is ON, GT function executes. (b) If the input variables carry the values IN1=300, IN2=200, IN3=100, IN1 〉IN2 〉 IN3 is true, so the output %QX0.3.0 becomes “1.”
D. GE (‘Greater than or equal to’ comparison) Function
Description
Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN1: Value to compare IN2: Value to compare ※ The number of inputs can be expanded to up to 8. IN1, IN2,... must be the same type. Output ENO: same as EN OUT: the result of the comparison
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A) Function If the relationship IN1 ≥IN2 ≥IN3... ≥INn (n: the number of inputs) holds true for the inputs, OUT is set to “1.” Otherwise, OUT is set to “0.”
B) Program Application (a) GE function operates if the activation condition %IX0.0.0 is set to ON. (b) Assuming the inputs are set to IN1=300, IN2=%IW0.0.1, IN3=100, the output %QX0.3.0 is set to “1,” since result of the comparison checks that IN1 ≥ IN2 ≥ IN3 holds true, that is, if the value of IN2 is greater than or equal to 100, or if it is less than or equal to 300, %QX0.3.0 is set to “1.” C) LD confirmation using a simulator
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E. EQ (‘Equal to’ comparison) Function
Description Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN1: Value to compare IN2: Value to compare ※The number of inputs can be expanded to up to 8. IN1, IN2,... must be the same type. Output ENO: same as EN OUT: the result of the comparison
A) Function If the condition IN1 = IN2 = IN3... = INn (where n is the number of inputs) holds true for the inputs, OUT becomes “1.” If not, OUT becomes “0.” B) Program Application If BCD_TO_INT function is executed when %IX0.0.0 is ON, and %QX0.3.0 becomes “1” only if IN3 (%IW0.0.1) within is 300. ◈ LD confirmation using a simulator
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F. LE (‘Less than or equal to’ comparison) Function
Description Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN1: Value to compare IN2: Value to compare ※ The number of inputs can be expanded to up to 8. IN1, IN2,... must be the same type. Output ENO: same as EN OUT: the result of the comparison
A) Function If the condition IN1 ≤ IN2 ≤ IN3... ≤ INn (where n is the number of inputs) holds true for the inputs, OUT becomes “1.” If not, OUT becomes “0.”
B) Program Application If BCD_TO_INT function is executed when %IX0.0.0 is ON, and %QX0.3.0 becomes “1” only if IN2 (%IW0.0.1) is between 100 and 300 inclusive.
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G. LT (‘Less than’ comparison) Function
Description Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN1: Value to compare IN2: Value to compare ※ The number of inputs can be expanded to up to 8. IN1, IN2,... must be the same type. Output ENO: same as EN OUT: the result of the comparison
A) Function If the condition IN1 〈 IN2 〈 IN3... 〈 INn (where n is the number of inputs) holds true for the inputs, OUT becomes “1.” If not, OUT becomes “0.”
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B) Program Application If BCD_TO_INT function is executed when %IX0.0.0 is ON, and %QX0.3.0 be comes “1” only if IN2 (%IW0.0.1) is between 101 and 299 exclusive. C) LD confirmation using a simulator
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H. NE (‘Not equal’ comparison) Function
Description Input EN: If 1, the function is computed. IN1: Value to compare IN2: Value to compare ※ The number of inputs can be expanded to up to 8. IN1, IN2,... must be the same type. Output ENO: same as EN OUT: the result of the comparison
A) Function If IN1 and IN2 is not compute to be equal, OUT becomes “1”. If they are equal, OUT becomes “0.” B) Program Application If BCD_TO_INT function is executed when %IX0.0.0 is ON, and %QX0.3.0 becomes “0” only if IN2 (%IW0.0.1) is 300, and becomes "0" otherwise.
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C) LD confirmation using a simulator
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(
12) Function Block
)
Since function block produces output accumulated through many scans, it requires memory to hold the intermediate results during the computation. Consequently, instance variable must declared for function block, similar to variables. Instance variable is the collection of variables, and the most general types of function blocks are timer and counter. ※ The user can creat function block and the created function block is added to the collection of user functions.
(1) Basic Function Block Reference ① Counter NO
Function Block
Functions
1
CTU
Up Counter
2
CTD
Down Counter
3
CTUD
Up Down Counter
NO
Function Block
Functions
1
TON
On Delay Timer
2
TOF
Off Delay Timer
3
TP
Pulse Timer
② Timer
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(2) Descriptions of basic function blocks and program usage A. CTU Up Counter Function
Description
Input CU: Input condition of Up Counter Pulse R: Reset PV: Preset Value Output Q: Up Counter Output CV: Current Value
A) Function (a) When the pulse input CU changes from “0” to “1” (rising edge), the value of CV is incremented by one. (b) However, CV never exceeds the integer value of 32767. (c) If the reset input R is set to “1,” CV becomes “0,” that is, it is cleared. (d) Output Q gives “1” if CV is greater than PV.
B) Time Chart R(Reset Input) CU(Up Count Input)
Maximum Coefficient (32767)
PV (Preset Value) CV(Current Value)
Q(Counter Output)
C) Program Example (a) Since CTU is a function block, instance variable must be declared in order to hold the intermediate results.
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(b) On declaration of a CTU instance variable in the program, theinstance name.Qfor counter output Q, and instance name.CVcurrent value are automatically created in this operation. (c) Choose
and select CTU from the windows of function block list.
(d) There is no restriction on the name of the variable, but use C1 for convenience and leave other windows as default values. (e) If rising edge pulse is introduced through the toggle switch “0”(%IX0.0.0), the current value of input increments. (f) %QW0.0.2.0 on the right will show the current value as the output. (g) If the current value exceeds 10, the counter Output (C1.Q) becomes “1” and the lamp (%QX0.3.0) lights up. (h) If the toggle switch “1”(%IX0.0.1) is turned ON, the current value and the counter output is resetted to become 0, "Zen". (i) If the current value (C1.CV) goes out of range of between 0 and 9999, the _ERR, _LER flags are turned on by the INT_TO_BCD function. (j) In the program below, the outputs %QX0.3.0 and %QX0.3.1 perform the same operation. However, %QX0.3.1 show how the operation of the counter is driven by the value of C1, Q.
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B. CTD Down Counter Function
Description
Input CD: Input condition of Down Counter Pulse LD: Load Input PV: Preset Value Output Q: Down Counter Output CV: Current Value
A) Function (a) When the pulse input CD changes from “0” to “1” (rising edge), the value of CV is decremented by one, where the smallest possible integer value CV is allowed to take is -32768. (b) If the load input LD is set to “1,” the preset value in PV is loaded into CV. (d) Output Q gives “1” if CV is less than or equal to 0.
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B) Time Chart
LD (Load Input) CD (Down CountI nput) CV (Current Value)
PV (Preset Value)
Q (Counter Output)
Miinimum Coefficient (-32768)
C) Program Example (a) Since CTD is a function block, instance variable must be declared in order to hold the intermediate results. (b) On declaration of a CTD instance variable in the program, the variablesinstance name Qfor counter output, andinstance name, CVfor current value are automatically created in this operation. (c) Declares the instance variable of (CTD (for Example, C2). (d) Preset value is set to 10. (e) On the initial pressing of %IX0.0.2, LD becomes “1” and PV(preset valve) is loaded to current value. (f) If rising edge pulse is introduced into CD by the toggle switch “0”(%IX0.0.1), the current value of input is decremented. (g) If the current value is less than 0, the counter Output (C2.Q) becomes “1” and the lamp (%QX0.3.0) lights up. (h) If the toggle switch “1”(%IX0.0.2) is turned ON, LD becomes “1” and the preset value is loaded to CV again.
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C. CTUD Up Down Counter Function
Description
Input CU: Up Counter Pulse Input CD: Down Counter Pulse Input R: Reset Input LD: Load Value PV: Preset Value Output QU: Up Counter Output QD: Down Counter Output CV: Current Value
A) Function (a) CTUD is a counter where the current value CV increments by one if the CU goes from “0” to “1” and decrements by one if the CD goes from “0” to “1”, where the current value CV must be between the integer values -32768 and 32767. (b) If the load input contact LD becomes “1,” the PV is loaded to current value CV. (CV=PV) (c) If “1” is asserted on the reset input R, the current value CV is cleared to “0”. (CV=0) www.ed.co.kr
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(d) Output QU is set to “1” if CV is greater or equal to PV and QD is set to “1” if CV is less than or equal to “0.” (e) For each input signals, the operation is down in the order R＞LD＞CU＞CD, and if multiple signals are asserted simultaneously, the only the one with the highest priority is processed.
A) Time Chart LD(Load Input) R(Reset Input) CU(Up Count Input) CD(Down Count Input) PV(Preset Value) CV(Current Value) QU(Count Up Output) QD(Count Down Output)
C) Program Example (a) Since CTUD is a function block, instance variable must be declared in order to hold the intermediate results. (b) On declaration of a CTUD instance variable in the program, the instance variables automatically created:(instance name).QUfor the up count,(instance name). QDfor down count, and(instance name).CVfor current value. (c) Declares the instance variable of CTD(for Example, C3). (d) Preset value is set to 10. (e) If rising edge pulse is introduced into CU using the toggle switch %IX0.0.0, the current value of input is increased. (f) If rising edge pulse is introduced into CD using the toggle switch %IX0.0.1, the current value of input is decremented. (g) If the current value is greater than or equal to PV(preset value), C3, QU be comes “1” and %QX0.3.0 is set to “1.”
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(h) If the current value is less than or equal to “0,” C3, QD becomes “1.” (i) If %IX0.0.2 is set to ON, the current value is cleared to “0.” (j) If %IX0.0.3 is set to ON, LD becomes “1” and the preset value is loaded into the current value.
D. TON (ON Delay Timer) Function
Description
Input IN: Timer Activation Condition PT: Preset Time Output Q: Timer Output ET: Elapsed Time
A) Function (a) The time elapsed after IN became “1” is output to ET. (b) If IN becomes before the ET reaches the preset time, ET is set to “0.” (c) If IN becomes “0” after Q becomes “1,” Q is set to “0.”
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B) Time Chart IN Q
PT Preset Time
ET
C) Program Example (a) Since TON is a function block, instance variable must be declared in order to hold the intermediate results. (b) On declaration of a TON instance variable in a program, variables are automati cally created:(instance name).Q, for the timer output and(instance name). ETfor elapsed time. (c) Declare a instance variable for TON, for example named T1. (d) Set the PT preset timer for T1 as 5 seconds (T#5S). (e) If the activation switch %IX0.0.0 is turned ON, the elapsed time (T1.ET) is displayed on the digital indicator. (f) If the elapsed time T1.ET reaches 5 seconds, the timer output T1.Q becomes ON, making the outputs %Q0.2.0 "1" and %Q0.2.1 “0.” (g) After switching T1.Q ON, switching OFF the activation switch (%IX0.0.0) makes T1.Q OFF.
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E. TOF (OFF Delay Timer) Function
Description
Input IN: Timer Activation Condition PT: Preset Time Output Q: Timer Output ET: Elapsed Time
A) Function (a) Asserting “1” for IN sets Q to “1” and the time elapsed since IN becoming “0” exceeds the time set in PT, Q becomes “0.” (b) The time elapsed since IN becoming “0” is output to ET. (c) If IN becomes “1” before ET reaches the preset time, elapsed time is reset to “0.”
B) Time Chart
IN
Q Preset Time
PT
ET
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C) Program Example (a) Since TOF is a function block, instance variable must be declared in order to hold the intermediate results. (b) On declaration of a TON instance variable in a program, variables are automati cally created:(instance name).Q, for timer output and(instance name).ETfor elapsed time. (c) Declare a TOF instance variable, for example named T2. (d) Set the timer T2 to 3 seconds (T#3S). (e) Setting the activation switch %IX0.0.0 to ON makes the timer output T2.Q to become ON. (f) Setting the activation switch %IX0.0.0 to OFF causes the elapsed time T2.ET to be displayed on the digital indicator. (g) If the elapse time T2.ET reaches the preset time of 3 seconds, timer output T2.Q becomes OFF.
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F. TP (Pulse Timer) Function
Description
Input IN: Timer Activation Condition PT: Preset Time Output Q: Timer Output ET: Elapsed Time
A) Function (a) Asserting “1” for IN sets Q to “1” for the preset amount of time and goes back to “0” when ET reaches PT. (b) Elapsed time ET starts increment when IN becomes “1” and remains still once it reaches PT until it is reset to “0” as IN becomes “0.” (c) Even if IN changes to “0” and back to “1,” it will have no effect while ET is being incremented. B) Time Chart
IN Q PT Preset Time PT
ET
C) Program Example (a) Since TP is a function block, instance variable must be declared in order to hold the intermediate results.
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(b) On declaration of a TP instance variable in a program, variables are automatically created:(instance name).Q, for the timer output and(instance name).ETfor elapsed time. (c) Declare a TP instance variable for example named T3. (d) Set the timer T3 to 3 seconds (T#3S). (e) Setting the activation switch %IX0.0.0 to ON makes the timer output T3.Q to become ON and stays that way for 3 seconds. (f) Setting the activation switch to OFF has no effect while T3.ET is increasing. (g) Timer output T3.Q becomes OFF after 3 seconds. D) Program Example
13) Return
(
)
[Return] is the command to terminate execution if encountered during the execution, effectively blocking the execution of any statements to follow. (Shortcut key + )
(1) Function Description ※ USE UOUSE ① Choose
from the toolbar.
② Move the mouse cursor to the desired position in the LD program window and left click. ※ USE KEY BOARD ③ Move the cursor to the location to return in the LD Program. ④ Choose Return from Toolbar in the menu (Shift-F7). www.ed.co.kr
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(2) Programming Application As shown below, execution will continue up to the [Return] mark on the second row. Since encountering [Return] while executing terminates the execution, the statement in row 2 is not executed.
(
14) Branch (JUMP)
)
Jump is a way to go to the desired (labeled) location for branching in an LD program. Destination is represented by a label. The jump in the main program must be provided a label within main program as a input, and the jump in the subroutine domain can only branch to labels within the subroutine. ※ Program Example ① Choose
from the toolbar.
② Move the mouse cursor to the desired position in the LD program window and left click. ③ Double-click the
icon and enter ABC for the label name.
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15) Subroutine (CALL)
(
)
In LD program, the execution is terminated on encountering an END command. However, there are cases when some program which exist after the END command must be evoked, in which case the subroutine can be convenient.
※ Program Example (1) Subroutine ① Choose
from the toolbar.
② Move the mouse cursor to the desired position in the LD program window and left click. ③ Choose label name.
and double-click the created subroutine LD and enter “ABC” as the
(2) END Command ① Place the cursor at the last row of the program or desired row, for example row 2) and double-click. ② In the Label / Rung Description / End of Main Program dialog box, select “Show the end of the main program.” (3) Label ① Place the cursor at the location to be called after the END command and double-click. ② Choose the label in the Label / Rung Description / End of Main Program dialog box. ③ Name the label as “ABC” in the Add Label dialog. (Maximum label length: 16 characters)
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(4) Program Description The circuit shows how even if the contact of %I0.1.1 and %I0.1.2 activates, %Q0.2.0 can stay not active. This is because the call to the subroutine is located after the END command and so the call does not occur. In this circuit, if the %I0.0.1 contact activates, ABC is called by the subroutine, and after %I0.1.1 and %I0.1.2 contact activates, the output %Q0.2.0 becomes active.
16) Time Chart for Operations
Switch Input
Arithmetic Result (Assumption)
Normally Open Contact
Coil
Normally Closed Contact
Reverse Coil
Positive Transition Detection Contact
Negative Transition Detection Contact
Positive Transition Detection Coil
1 scan
1 scan
Negative Transition Detection Coil
1 scan
1 scan
Input/Output Time Chart of Operations
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7-2. Sequence Operators Category
Command Normally Open Contact Normally Closed Contact Positive Transition Detection Contact
Function Description
A Contact
Contact operation
B Contact
Contact on for I scan since rising edge
Contact on for I scan since falling edge
Coil
Computation Result Output
Positive Transition Detection Coil Negative Transition Detection Coil
Computation Result Reverse Output Contact on for 1 scan since rising edge
Contact on for 1 scan since falling edge
Setting Coil
Computation result set output
Reset Coil
Computation result reset output
Jump
Program Termination
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Notes
Contact operation
Negative Transition Detection Contact
Reverse Coil Sequence Operators
Symbol
Jump to label Terminate current program on encountering RETURN command Terminate current program on encountering END command
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7-3. List of Functions Category Move Function
Command
MOVE
Symbol
Function Description
Notes
Data transfer IN 1: data source (any type) OUT: data line (any type)
***_TO_***
Data type conversion functions IN 1: data source OUT: data line Types of data type conversion functions SINT_TO_INT and 14 others INT_TO_SINT and 14 others DINT_TO_SINT and 14 others LINT_TO_SINT and 14 others USINT_TO_SINT and 14 others UINT_TO_SINT and 14 others UDINT_TO_SINT and 14 others ULINT_TO_SINT and 14 others BYTE_TO_SINT and 14 others WORD_TO_SINT and 14 others DWORD_TO_SINT and 14 others LWORD_TO_SINT and 14 others BCD_TO_SINT and 7 others REAL_TO_SINT and 7 others LREAL_TO_SINT and 7 others STRING_TO_SINT and 18 others NUM_TO_STRING TIME_TO_UDINT and 2 others DATE_TO_UINT and 2 others TOD_TO_UDINT and 2 others DT_TO_DATE and 2 others
TRUNC
Convert real numbers to integers IN 1: data source (REAL, LREAL) OUT: data line (DINT, LINT)
Conversion Functions
LINT ULINT LWORD REAL LREAL Only GM1,GM 2 allowed for related function
Only for GM1,GM 2
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Category
Arithmetic Operation Functions
Command
Symbol
Function Description
ADD
Add function IN1 ~ IN8: operands (Any_INT) OUT: result (Any_INT)
SUB
Subtract function IN1: value to be subtracted from (Any_INT) IN2: subtracting value (Any_INT) OUT: result (Any_INT)
MUL
Multiply function IN1 ~ IN8: operands (Any_INT) OUT: result (Any_INT)
DIV
Division (result) IN1: dividend (Any_INT) IN2: divisor (Any_INT) OUT: result (Any_INT)
MOD
Division (remainder) IN1: dividend (Any_INT) IN2: divisor (Any_INT) OUT: remainder (Any_INT)
EXPT
Exponential function IN1: base (Any_REAL) IN2: exponent (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
ABS
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Absolute value IN1: integer (Any_INT) OUT: result (Any_INT)
Notes
Only for GM1,GM 2
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Category
Command
Function Description
Notes
SQRT
Square root IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
LN
Natural logarithm IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
LOG
Common logarithm IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
EXP
Natural exponential function IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
SIN
Sine IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
COS
Cosine IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
TAN
Tangent IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
ASIN
Arch sine IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
ACOS
Arch cosine IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
Only for GM1,GM 2
Arithmetic Operation Functions
Trigonometric Functions
Symbol
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Category
Command
Trigonometric Functions
ATAN
Symbol
Function Description Arch tangent IN1: operand (Any_REAL) OUT: result (Any_REAL)
SHL
Bit shift left IN: data source(Any_BIT) N: number of bits to shift (INT) OUT: data line (Any_BIT)
SHR
Bit shift right IN : data source(Any_BIT) N : number of bits to shift (INT) OUT: data line (Any_BIT)
ROL
Bit rotate left IN: data source(Any_BIT) N: number of bits to rotate (INT) OUT: data line (Any_BIT)
ROR
Bit rotate right IN: operand (Any_BIT) N: number of bits to rotate(INT) OUT: data line (Any_BIT)
AND
Logical AND IN1 ~ IN8: operand (Any_BIT) OUT: result (Any_BIT)
OR
Logical OR IN1 ~ IN8: operand (Any_BIT) OUT: result (Any_BIT)
Shift Functions
Rotate Functions
Logical Operators
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Notes Only for GM1,GM 2
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Category
Command
Symbol
Function Description
Notes
XOR
Exclusive OR IN1 ~ IN8: operand (Any_BIT) OUT: result (Any_BIT)
NOT
Logical Negation IN1, IN2: operand (Any_BIT) OUT: result (Any_BIT)
SEL
Select from 2 G : output selector (BOOL) IN1: value to be chosen when G is off (Any) IN1: value to be chosen when G is on (Any) OUT: output value (Any)
MAX
Maximum IN1~IN8: candidate values (Any_NIT) OUT: maximum value (Any_INT)
MIN
Minimum IN1~IN8: candidate values (Any_NIT) OUT: minimum value (Any_INT)
Logical Operators
Selection Functions
LIMIT
Lower and upper bound MN: lower bound (Any_NIT) IN : data source (Any_INT) MX: upper bound (Any_NIT) OUT: output value (Any_INT)
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Category
Command
Selection Functions
Symbol
Function Description
MUX
Select one of 7 values K: selector value IN0: data source 0 (Any) IN1: data source 1 (Any) IN2: data source 2 (Any) IN3: data source 3 (Any) IN4: data source 4 (Any) IN5: data source 5 (Any) IN6: data source 6 (Any) OUT: output value (Any)
GT(>)
Comparison function IN1 ~ IN8: data to compare (Any) OUT: output (BOOL) If IN1>IN2>...IN7>IN8 is satisfied, OUT is set to ON
GE(≥)
Comparison function IN1 ~ IN8: data to compare (Any) OUT: output (BOOL) If IN1≥IN2≥...IN7≥IN8 is satisfied, OUT is set to ON
EQ(〓)
Comparison function IN1 ~ IN8: data to compare (Any) OUT: output (BOOL) If IN1〓IN2〓...IN7〓IN8 is satisfied, OUT is set to ON
Comparison Functions
LE(≤)
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Comparison function IN1 ~ IN8: data to compare (Any) OUT: output (BOOL) If IN1≤IN2≤......IN7≤IN8 is satisfied, OUT is set to ON
Notes
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Category
Command
Symbol
Function Description
Notes
LT(<)
Comparison function IN1 ~ IN8: data to compare (Any) OUT: output (BOOL) If IN1
NE(≠)
Comparison function IN1 ~ IN8: data to compare (Any) OUT: output (BOOL) If IN1≠IN2 is satisfied, OUT is set to ON
Comparison Functions
LEN
String length IN1: input string (STRING) OUT: string length (INT)
LEFT
Extract substring from the left IN: input string (STRING) L: length to extract (INT) OUT: string output (STRING)
String Functions RIGHT
MID
Extract substring from the right IN: input string (STRING) L: length to extract (INT) OUT: string output (STRING)
Extract substring from the middle IN: input string (STRING) L: length to extract (INT) P: start position (INT) OUT: string output (STRING)
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Category
Command
Symbol
Function Description
CONCAT
String concatenation Sequentially concatenates the input strings IN1 ~ IN8: input strings (STRING) OUT: string output (STRING)
INSERT
Insert string IN1: string input (STRING) IN2: string to insert (STRING) P: insert position (INT) OUT: string output (STRING)
DELETE
Delete string IN1: string input (STRING) L: string to delete (INT) P: delete position (INT) OUT: string output (STRING)
String Functions
REPLACE
FIND
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Replace string IN1: string input (STRING) IN2: string to be replaced with (STRING) P: replace position (INT) OUT: string output (STRING)
Find string IN1: string input (STRING) IN2: search string (STRING) OUT: string output (INT)
Notes
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Category
Command
Symbol
Function Description
Notes
ADD_TIME
Time Addition IN1: Time of day or time (TIME, TOD, TD) IN2: Time to subtract (TIME) OUT: Result time of day or time (TIME, TOD, TD)
SUB_TIME
Time Subtraction IN1: Time of day or time (TIME, TOD, TD) IN2: Time to subtract (TIME) OUT: Result time of day or time (TIME, TOD, TD)
SUB_DATE Date and Time Functions
Date Subtraction IN1: Date (DATE) IN2: Date to subtract (DATE) OUT: Result Time(TIME)
SUB_TOD
Time of Day Subtraction IN1: Time of day (TIME OF DAY) IN2: Time of day to subtract (TIME OF DAY) OUT: Result Time(TIME)
SUB_DT
Date & Time Subtraction IN1: Time of day (DATE&TIME) IN2: Time of day to subtract (DATE&TIME) OUT: Result Time (TIME)
MUL_TIME
Time Multiplication IN1: Input Time(TIME) IN2: Multiplier (INT) OUT: Result Time(TIME)
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Category
Command
DIV_TIME Date and Time Functions CONCAT_ TIME
System Control Functions
Symbol
Function Description Time Division IN1: Input Time(TIME) IN2: Divisor (INT) OUT: Result Time (TIME)
Concatenate date and time IN1: Input date(DATE) IN2: Input time of dat (TOD) OUT: Result Date Time (DT)
DI
Block interrupt REQ: Request for block (BOOL) OUT: Confirm block (BOOL)
EI
Allow interrupt REQ: Request for allowance (BOOL) OUT: Confirm allowance (BOOL)
STOP
Request PLC stop REQ: Requet for stop (BOOL) OUT: Confirm stop (BOOL)
ESTOP
Request PLC emergency stop REQ: Requet for stop (BOOL) OUT: Confirm stop (BOOL)
DIREC_IN
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Notes
Input Data Immediate Update BASE: Base module number SLOT: Input module slot position MASK_L: Select bits not for update from the lower 32 bits (DWORD) MASK_H: Select bits not for update from the upper 32 bits (DWORD)) OUT: Execution complete (BOOL)
GM5 excluded
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Category
Command
Symbol
Function Description
Notes
DIREC_IN5
Input Data Immediate Update MODL: Input module number MASK: Select bits not for update from the lower 32 bits (DWORD)
Only for GM5
DIREC_O
Output Data Immediate Update BASE: Base Module Number SLOT: Output module slot position MASK_L: Select bits not for update from the lower 32 bits (DWORD) MASK_H: Select bits not for update from the upper 32 bits (DWORD) OUT: Execution Complete (BOOL)
GM5 excluded
Output Data Immediate Update MODL: Output Module Number MASK: Select bits not for update from the 32 bits (DWORD) OUT: Execution Complete (BOOL)
Only for GM5
System Control Functions
DIREC_OUT5
WDT_RST
Watch Dog Timer Reset REQ: Reset Command (BOOL) OUT: Execution Complete (BOOL)
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7-4. List of Function Blocks Category
Timer Function Blocks
Command
Symbol
Function Description
TON
On Delay Timer IN: Activation signal (BOOL) PT: Preset Time (TIME) Q: Output (BOOL) ET: Current Value
TOF
Off Delay Timer IN: Activation signal (BOOL) PT: Preset Time (TIME) Q: Output (BOOL) ET: Current Value
TP
Pulse Timer IN: Activation signal (BOOL) PT: Preset Time (TIME) Q: Output (BOOL) ET: Current Value
CTU
Up Timer CU: Pulse Input (BOOL) R: Current Value Reset (BOOL) PV: Preset Value (INT) Q: Output (BOOL) CV: Current Value (INT)
CTD
Down Counter CD: Pulse Input(BOOL) LD: Preset Value Read (BOOL) PV: Preset Value (INT) Q: Output (BOOL) CV: Current Value(INT)
Counter Function Blocks
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Notes
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Category
Command
Symbol
Function Description
Notes
CTUD
Up-Down Counter CU: Up Pulse Input (BOOL) CD: Down Pulse Input (BOOL) R: Current Value Reset (BOOL) LD: Load Value Read(BOOL) PV: Preset Value(INT) QU: Up Count Output (BOOL) QD: Down Count Output (BOOL) CV: Current value (INT)
SEMA
System Resource Control (Semaphore) CLAIM: Claim Resource (BOOL) RELEASE: Release Resource (BOOL) BUSY: Resource Unavailable (BOOL)
Counter Function Blocks
SR
Priority Set (Bistable) S1: Set Signal (BOOL) R: Reset Signal (BOOL) Q1: Output (BOOL)
RS
Priority Reset (Bistable) S: Set Signal (BOOL) R1: Reset Signal (BOOL) Q1: Output (BOOL)
Function Blocks
R_TRIG
Detect rising edge CLK: Input(BOOL) Q: Output (BOOL)
F_TRIG
Detect falling edge CLK: Input(BOOL) Q: Output (BOOL)
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Chapter 8. Basic Sequence Circuits 8-1. AND Circuit Circuit which produces output only when all of the multiple inputs are on is called the AND circuit and it is similar to series switch circuit. [Figure 8-1] shows how the relay coil R is excited(magnetized) and the contact closes to light the lamp only when both A and B are ON. This kind of series circuit can be used to equip a press machine with a safety feature, by preventing from operating unless all the operators have there push buttons pressed. It can also be used in situation where all part of the machine needs in place in order to move on to the next action and has many other applications.
Input A 0 0 1 1
(a) Relay Circuit
(b) Time Chart [Figure 8-1] AND Circuit
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B 0 1 0 1
Output R 0 0 0 1
(c) Truth Table
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8-2. OR Circuit OR circuit produces a output if any one of its inputs is on, and is also refered to as parallel circuit. As shown in [Figure 8-2], relay R is activated to illuminate the lamp, if push button A is pressed or B is pressed, or if they are both pressed.
Input A 0 0 1 1
(a) Relay Circuit
(b) Time Chart
B 0 1 0 1
Output R 0 1 1 1
(c) Truth Table
[Figure 8-2] OR Circuit
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8-3. NOT Circuit NOT circuit reverses the inputs state, producing 0 for output if the input is 1, and 1 if the input is 0. It is also called a inverter. Shown in [Figure 8-3] is a NOT circuit using the b contact of the relay, where the lamp stays on if the push button A is not pressed, and lamp goes off if A is pressed.
Input A 0 1
(a) Relay Circuit
(b) Time Chart [Figure 8-3] NOT Circuit
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Output R 1 0
(c) Truth Table
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8-4. Self Holding Circuit It has already been mentioned that the relay can be used for memory. Relay can store information by composing a Self Holding circuit with its contact. [Figure 8-4] shows a Self Holding circuit of a relay, where Self Holding contact R(1) is connected parallel to the push button switch PB1. When push button switch PB1 is pressed, relay is activated and the contacts R(1) and R(2) close to illuminate the lamp. Here, even if push button switch PB1 is released, current flows through R(1) and PB2 to the coil, sustaining the active state. In other words, even if PB1 put back to its original state, the circuit to operate R is preserved by the contact R(1). The Self Holding is released by pressing the push button switch PB2, which recovers R, and contact R(1) and R(2) opens to reset the circuit to its original state.
[Figure 8-4] Self Holding Circuit
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8-5. Interlock Circuit Interlock circuits use contact to indicate the active state of a device, preventing operation of related devices, in order to protect the device and its user. Interlock circuit is also called priority circuit or operation prevention circuit. Interlock forms a series circuit between contact b and the subject circuit to prevent other relays from operating if any one of the circuit is active. As shown in [Figure 8-5], as R1 relay becomes active after the push button switch PB1 becomes ON, R2 cannot operate even if PB2 is pressed. Also, if PB2 is asserted first, causing R2 to become active, R1 cannot become active.
prohibit
[Figure 8-5] Interlock Circuit
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8-6. On-Delay Circuit Rather that producing output immediately for asserted inputs, an on-delay circuit is designed to wait predetermined amount of time, delaying the output. There are two types of delay circuits, which are the ON time delay circuits and OFF time delay circuits. [Figure 8-6] show a ON time delay circuit, in which the timer contact closes and lamp goes up, when the predetermined amount of time has past after the push button switch PB1 is pressed, and if push button switch PB2 is pressed, time relay is reset and lamp goes off immediately.
(a) Circuit Diagram [Figure 8-6] On-Delay Circuit
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(b) Time Chart
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8-7. Off-Delay Circuit In an off-delay circuit, a return signal does not resets the output immediately, but waits a predetermined amount of delay. It can be configured by using the b contact on an ON delay timer, or by using the contact a of an OFF delay timer. In [Figure 8-7] is an example of OFF delay circuit, where the lamp comes on if the push button switch PB1 is pressed, and the lamp goes off after being delayed for a predetermined amount of time from pressing of PB2.
(a) Circuit Diagram
(b) Time Chart
[Figure 8-7] Off-Delay Circuit
The next LD program created by GMWIN representing another method using OFF delay timer.
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8-8. One Shot Circuit (Mona stable) This kind of circuit is made active by such means as push button switch, and returns to its original state by itself, after a certain amount of time. [Figure 8-8] shows an example of this circuit, where the relay coil R1 becomes activated and the lamp becomes lit, when the push button switch PB1 is pressed, and at the same time the timer starts working. When the timer expires, the timer contact b opens, causing the lamp to go off. This kind of circuit has many applications such as doorstep light.
(a) Circuit Diagram [Figure 8-8] One Shot Circuit
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(b) Time Chart
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< Appendix > Term
Glossary Definition
Notes
A standardized component of a system, similar to I/O board assembled to be inserted at the base.
CPU module power module, I/O module, etc.
Unit
Unit is the module or the collection of modules, which forms the smallest unit of component of a PLC system, and connects to other modules or collections of modules to form the PLC system.
Basic unit, added unit
PLC System
System composed of PLC and peripherals, which is configured to enable controlling by user programs.
Cold Restart
A mode of restarting a PLC system or a user program where all data (variables such as I/O image area, internal registers, timer, counter, etc. and program) is automatically or manually reset to predetermined state.
Warm Restart
Based on the feature to alert the program power off event, resetting data and user program in a predetermined way.
Hot Restart
Restarting after the maximum allowed time after power off has elapsed, with all data restored to the previous state by the PLC system.
I/O Image Area
Area of memory in the CPU module used for preserving the input and output status.
Watchdog Timer
Timer to watch the program execution, generating an alert if it exceeds the time limit.
Function
Computational unit which outputs the result of arithmetic (+, -, ×, ÷) or comparison operations immediately, instead of storing the result.
Function Block
Computational unit which retains the internal result of timer, counter, etc. through multiple scans.
Direct Variable
Variable which does not require declaration of name or type. %I, %Q, %M area belong to this class.
Module
%IX0.0.2 %QW1.2.1 %MD1234, etc
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The Basics of PLC
Term
Definition
Named Variable
Variables which the user provides information such as the name and the type in the declaration. If variables are declared as ‘SWITCH0’ = %i0.0.2 and 'RESULT‘=%MD1234, the variables can be accessed by the respective names ‘SWITCH0’ and 'RESULT‘, instead of %IX0.0.2 or %MD1234.
GMWIN
Load for GLOFA-GM series, which provides functions such as program development, edit, compile, and debugging.
Sink Input
Current starts to flow from the switch to the PLC input terminal when the input signal becomes ON.
Source Input
Current starts to flow from PLC input terminal to the switch when the input signal becomes ON.
Sink Output
Current starts to flow from load to output terminal when the PLC output contact becomes ON.
Source Output
Current starts to flow from output terminal to load terminal when PLC output terminal becomes ON.
Download
Choose Upload Program when program is written to PLC.
Upload
Choose Project - Load from PLC from the menu. Create project, program file, and user library after loading the upload file from PLC, and open the project. If GMWIN already has a project or a program with the same name, it can be overwritten or the user can choose a different directory or file name.
Resource Global Variables
Variables declared in resource global variables can be used in any program within the resource. Variables which will be shared between program should be placed here. In order to use this class of variables in a program, the variable must be declared VAR_EXTERNAL as its type.
Debugging
Debugging is the process of finding and fixing bugs in the user program, to make it operate correctly.
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Notes
The Basics of PLC
Term
Definition
Notes
Make
Among the programs in the project, compile only the programs which need to be compiled, and generate an executable file.
Variable
Variable holds data values used in programs. Variables represent variable elements such as PLC inputs and outputs, memory state, etc.
Instance
An instance is the collection of variables used in a function block. Function blocks must keep output values, as well as variables for internal use, requiring a certain amount of memory, and this block of memory is called the instance.
Configuration
Configuration is a single PLC system. A PLC system consists of base and CPU module, I/O module, special module. etc. Usually, one PLC system has one CPU module. GM1 allows up to 4 CPU modules to be installed on a single PLC system.
Time Chart
Among the variables declared in programs, global variables, I, Q, M area, and system flags, variables of type BOOL can be monitored of the ON/OFF states, in regards to time. non-BOOL type variables can be monitored using variable monitoring described above.
Task
A task is the condition for program execution. Task definition includes the program execution condition and priority assignment.
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CH1. Introduction of ED-4260 PLC Trainer / 135 CH2. Usage of ED-4260 / 140 CH3. Option Modules / 156
ED-4260 PLC Trainer
Chap. 1 Introduction of ED-4260 PLC Trainer 1-1. Introduction of ED-4260 PLC Trainer ED-4260, is an advanced Programmable Logic Controller Trainer, designed to develop good logic working knowledge of programmable controllers with concentration on relay ladder logic techniques and how PLC is connected to external components in an operating control system. The primary parts of PLC unit, one demonstration frame, input and output modules, and one power supply unit. Especially, since the PLC trainer can set various input and output conditions with various simulation modules including options, it allows real training on automatic system such as FMS. On the demonstration frame of the ED-4260 PLC trainer, three input and output modules are installed. It basically consists of input module (IM-4260-2) with digital input interfaced, output module (OM-4260-3) for digital monitoring, and simulation module (PM-4260-4) for rotational motion and linear motion. The demonstration frame has 32 input points and 32 output points each. They are connected to 2 input units of and 2 output units of PLC on the frame, various option units, and option modules for input and output simulation can be installed.
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
1-2. Basic Components of ED-4260 PLC Trainer 1) PLC unit (GLOFA-GM4) components •
1 power unit
•
1 CPU unit
•
2 input units (16 Points)
•
2 output units (16 Points)
•
1 PLC base (8 slots)
2) Demonstration system (DS-4260-1) components •
1 input module (IM-4260-2)
•
1 output module (OM-4260-3)
•
1 position control module (PM-4260-4)
•
1 power supply module (PS-4260)
•
1 demonstration frame (64 I/O terminals)
3) Accessories •
1 set of connecting cord (φ4)
•
1 AC power cord
•
1 RS-232C cable
•
2 set of 25pin connecting cable
•
1 training manual
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
1-3. Option System 1) PLC unit (GLOFA-GM4) options •
Analog input unit (4260-AD)
•
Analog output unit (4260-DA)
•
High speed counter unit (4260-HSC)
•
Position selection unit (4260-POS)
•
PID control unit (4260-PID)
•
Temperature change (thermocouple) unit (4260-TC2)
2) Demonstration system (DS-4260-1) options •
A/D converter module (AD-4260-5)
•
D/A converter module (DA-4260-6)
•
Power & terminal transfer unit (PT-4260-7)
•
Potentiometer & meter unit (PM-4260-8)
•
Temperature sensor module (SU-4260-9)
•
Photo control circuit (PC-4260-10)
•
Emergency switch unit (ES-4260-11)
•
3 relay units (RL-4260-12)
•
Signal input switch unit A (AS-4260-13)
•
Signal input switch unit B (BS-4260-14)
•
Buzzer & lamp unit (BL-4260-15)
•
Electric distributor unit (EM-4260-16)
•
Rotary encoder unit (RE-4260-17)
•
Signal input switch unit C (PS-4260-18)
•
Extension In/Out unit (ED-4230-5)
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
1-4. ED-4260 Specifications 1) PLC unit specifications < PLC Type : GLOFA-GM4 > Category Control type I/O control type Program language Language composition
Specifications repeat computing,
Stored program, periodical computing, Interrupt computing Synchronous scan process (Direct I/O function) LD(Ladder Diagram), IL(Instruction List), SFC(Sequential Function) Operator: LD(13), IL(21), 109 basic functions 11 basic function blocks, function block for special module
Computing speed
Operator: 0.2μs/command basic function, basic function block: 0.2μs/step
Program memory
128kbytes (32k step)
Max. I/O point
512 point for16-bit module, 1024 point for 32 bit module
Data memory Timer Counter Operation mode Data recovery when power failure Program blocks Programs (tasks)
Self diagnostics Restart mode Communication network Base slots Operation environment Input voltage PLC Unit Size
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Direct Variable : 2~16kbytes (setting by parameter) Symbolic variable : 52kbytes (explicit variable boundary) Unlimited (symbolic variable per 1 point: 20 bytes) Time range: 0.001sec~4294967.295sec(1,193hrs) Unlimited (variable 1 point : 8bytes) Counting range : －32,768~＋32,767 RUN, STOP, PAUSE, DEBUG Static data in declaring variable as retain 180 block Scan: unregistered program as a task program 32 Periodical tasks, 8 external contact tasks, 16 internal contact tasks 3 initial tasks (_INIT, _H, _INIT, _ERR, _SYS) Watch dog, memory error, I/O error, battery error, power error, etc.. Cold, warm, hot restart Network functions with FMM and FSM Module 8 slots (except for power and CPU Module) Temperature: 0~40℃, RH: 20~80% AC 220V, 60Hz / DC 24V 438(W) × 159(H) × 140(D)mm
ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2) Demonstration system specification < DS-4260 > Category
Specification Voltage: 0~24V (Continuous variable), 24V(fixed) Current : 2A (MAX) Regulation : 0.02% ＋ 1mV
DC OUTPUT
Ripple : 0.02% ＋2mV Voltmeter : DVM 3 digits Current meter: AAM DC output protection: current protector Voltage: 220V (fixed) Current: 1A (Max.)
AC OUTPUT
Terminal: safe connector type Circuit protection: electronic excessive current shutoff (Reset ) Voltmeter: DVM 3 digits 16 toggle Switches : (input selectable) ø4 terminal output 2 push button Switches
Input control signal (With Input Module)
1 2-way switch 4 digital switch, 1set of 25pin connector 2 HSC Pulses, 1 stepping Motor control pulse 16 lamps for DC 24V ø8
Output device Output Simulation (With Output Module & Simulator Module)
2 lamps for DC 24V ø16 1 set of binary counter 4digits 1 buzzer for DC 24V 1 stepping motor 2 DC motors
I/O terminal
32-bit input, 8 COMs 32-bit output, 8 COMs
Input voltage
AC 220V 50/60Hz
Modules Number
3 basic module
Module Size
250(W) × 65(H) × 166(D)mm
System Size Weight (System)
760(W) × 352(H) × 437(D)mm 34 kg
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
Chapter 2. Usage of ED-4260 2-1. The Demonstration Frame As explained in the manual, the use and application on the demonstration frame of ED4260, various input and output simulation modules connected to the PLC for training, and auxiliary training modules except for the PLC unit are explained in [Figure 2-1]. Explanation on the PLC unit is provided in GLOFA-GM4 separately.
PLC Unit
Power Supply Module
Input Control Module
Position Control Module
Output Monitor Module
Demonstration Frame
[Figure 2-1] Basic components of ED-4260
The demonstration frame is basically equipped with one PLC input control module (IM-4260-2), one output monitor module (OM-4260-3), and one position control module (PM-4260-4). Also, it includes power supply module for input and output control. Although the PLC unit has one power supply unit, that is only for circuit operation of each unit in PLC. www.ed.co.kr
ED-4260 PLC Trainer
1) Circuit components of PLC I/O unit and frame terminal In [Figure 2-3], the PLC consists of one I/O unit and one demonstration frame terminal. The units after the power unit and the CPU unit that have PLC base slots as in [Figure 2-2] are for installation of the I/O unit and various optional units. Each slot has an assigned unique number. The unique numbers are the unique addresses for I/O of all units. I/O Unit slot Extension Connector
[Figure 2-2] PLC base
In PLC trainer ED-4260, slot 0 and 1 are reserved for input unit, slot 2 and 3 are for output unit. The rest of slots are for option units. The input & output of these units should directly connect to the slots. [Figure 2-4] shows connection circuit of the PLC input unit and the demonstration frame terminal. The input terminal unique numbers for slot 0 are 1st 8 bits from 000 to 007 and the next 8 bit from 008 to 015, and all are 16 bits. Input unit addresses for slot 1 are from 100 to 107 and from 108 to 115, that are 16 bits. Note that COM port terminals are separated common terminals by 8 bits
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
PLC 전원 Power PLC Unit(내부) Unit (Internal)
CPU Unit
Input 입 Unit (Slot 0~1)
Output 출력 Unit (Slot 2~3)
Upper : 000~007 상열 Line : 000~007
Upper : 100~107 상열 Line : 100~107
Upper : 200~207 상열 :Line 200~207
하열 Line : 008~015 Lower : 008~015
하열Line : 108~115 Lower : 108~115
하열 :Line 208~215 Lower : 208~215
Option Unit (Slot 4~7)
Upper: Line : 300~307 상열 300~307 하열 308~315 Lower: Line : 308~315
[Figure 2-3] Input / output terminals and numbers of demonstration frame.
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
(Input Unit)
(Input Unit)
(32 point)
* Perforated rectangle shows inputs terminals on demonstration frame [Figure 2-4] Diagram of PLC input unit and connection of frame terminal
2) Usage of power supply The power supply on PLC trainer ED-4260 provides power for the PLC training for various input controls and for output simulation. The following explains output characteristic of power supply.
(1) DC output Output voltage: 0~24V (variable), 24V (fixed) Ripple voltage: 0.02% + 2mV Voltage regulation: 0.02% + 1mV Output current: 0~2A (continuous variable) Output protection: Constant current protector
(2) AC output
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
Output voltage: 220V Output current: 1A Max Output protection: Electronic excessive current shutoff (Resettable) Output terminal: Safety connector type [Caution] Make sure not to contact any conductive objects to human body since the output of AC is high voltage (220V), and must use a safe plug cord. Also when connecting the power supply, make certain to turn off the switch.
Ammeter
AC/DC Voltage Display Selection Voltmeter
AC O/L Indication 표시등
Overload AC 과부하 RESET Power Switch
PLC Power Output Terminal (220V)
DC Output Current Adjustor
PLC Power Switch
Fixed 24V Output DC Output DC Output Terminal Terminal Voltage Adjustor
AC Power Switch
AC Output Terminal ∅4 Safty Connector
[Figure 2-5] Control panel of the power supply unit
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
3) COMMON Terminal of Input & Output. The common terminal of the input or the output unit of PLC has one COM every 8-bit. COMs are separated from each other because input environments and output control component may be different. That is, in the case that there are inputs from different power sources, there may be a case that a COM should not be shared commonly. Also, among outputs, in the event that outputs connected to different power sources should be controlled, COM. terminals should not be used. (a) and (b) of [Figure 2-6] show an example of using input and output separate COMs. That is, although input unit has 16 bits (000~015), on the other hand COMs. as shown in figure are separated by 8 bits. (a) of the figure shows that different input powers from different input voltages are controlled, and source power poles of COM. terminal are connected to opposite polarities. And (b) in the figure explains that in the case that there are different AC and DC power providing a load for output terminals, the same voltages are put together on COM terminals. To PLC Input
To PLC Output Frame Terminal
(External Power)
Frame Terminal
(External Power) To PLC Input
To PLC Output
[Figure 2-6] Application circuit diagram of separated COM terminals
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2-2. I/O Module and its Connection 1) Input module Input module (IM-4260-2) that consists of 16 input control switches, 3 special purpose control switches, and 1 digital switches(digit 4) allows input control training. The control output of digital switch are connected to the input of PLC input unit by putting 25pin connector of the control output of the digital to 25pin connector into the frame. This is necessary when control the PLC input as a digital(Binary on BCD), in this case user must select one input unit within slot 0 or 1. [Figure 2-7] shows an example of connection between the digital switch on input module and the frame.
Input Connection 입력연결
출력연결 Output Connection
(25P (25pin Connecting
(25pin(25P Connecting
연결케이블)
Cable)
연결케이블)
Cable)
[Figure 2-7] Digital Input & Output Connection
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
As shown in [Figure 2-8], 4 digit 4 digital switches connected with 4 bits each to 0~3, 4~7, 8~11, and 12~15 respectively are controlled. [Caution] When the digital output is connected to input of slot 0 with 25pin connection cable, users can not use 000~015 terminal on demonstration frame at the same time. Digit-4
Digit-3
Digit-2
Digit-1
Digital스위치 Switch Digital
입력 Intput모듈의 Module's 25pin 25pin Connector Frame's Frame의 25pin Connector 25pin
To PLC Input Unit PLC Unit의 입력으로
[Figure 2-8] Circuit diagram of digital switch on input module
[Figure 2-9] shows the connection circuit of each 16-bit (0~15) toggle switch
Toggle Switch ∅4 φ4 Terminal of Input Module
DC 24V (External Power)
DC 24V (External Power)
To PLC Input
φ4 Terminal ∅4 of Frame
To PLC Input
[Figure 2-9] Circuit diagram of toggle switch of input module
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
The following is electric specifications of input unit of PLC unit (GLOFA-GM4) used in ED-4260. ① Model of Input unit ······················ G41-D22A ② Input points ···································· 16 bits ③ Rated Input voltage ························· DC 12/24V ④ Rated Input current ························· DC 5/11mA ⑤ Operation voltage ···························· ON: higher than DC 9.5V OFF: lower than DC 6V ⑥ Response time ································· less than 10ms ⑦ Common type ·································· 8 bits/ 1 COM. ⑧ Input insulation ······························ Photo coupler ⑨ Internal current consumption ·········· Appox. 70mA with DC 5V
Digital Switch Output (25 pin Connector)
SPDT Switch
Button Switch
Intput Digital Switch(4Digit)
COM Terminal COM단자
Button Switch output terminal
(0~7) COM Terminal COM단자
Input push button Switch and Terminal (0~7)
(8~15)
Toggle Switch and Input Terminal(8~15)
[Figure 2-10] Panel of Input module
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2) Output module An Output module (OM-4260-3) consists of 16 output monitor lamps, 2 special output lamps, one alarm buzzer, and 4-digit LED display, and it allows output simulation for PLC training. Each of 4-digit displays is independently connected to display BCD value, The connection to digital display(7-segment) is that a 25pin connection cable is connected to one of PLC output units as shown in [Figure 2-12]
Output Lamp
(External Power)
Output Module's ∅4 φ4 Terminal
(External Power)
Frame's ∅4 φ4 Terminal
To PLC Output Unit
To PLC Output Unit
[Figure 2-11] Circuit connection of a load lamp of output module
Digit-4
Digit-3
Digit-2
Digit-1 LED Display (BCD 카dfd (Decoder Built in) 출력 모듈의 25pin Connector of Output Module 25P 연결콘넥터 25pin Frame의 Connector of Frame 25P 연결콘넥터
PLC Unit의 입력으로 To PLC Input Unit
[Figure 2-12] LED display circuit diagram of output module
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
[Figure 2-11] depicts that common lamp COMs are separated into COM1, which is lamp 0~7 and COM2, which is lamp 8~15. Output load monitor lamps of Output monitor module OM-4260-3 is for DC 24V.
Numeric LED displays (7-segment) as shown in [Figure 2-12] also are separated into COM terminal 0~7 and 8~15 or connected to COM terminal in case of need. Things to keep in mind is it seems that 4 bits as depicted in the figure is directly connected to LED, but are displayed via BCD to 7 segment LED decoder. The following are the electric specifications of output unit of PLC (GLOFA-GM4) on ED-4260. ① Model of Output unit ················· G4Q-RY2A ② Output points ······························· 16 Points ③ Rated load Voltage ····················· DC 24, AC 220V ④ Rated load Current ······················ Lower than 1A (with DC 24V) ⑤ Response time ······························ Less than 12ms ⑥ Common type ······························ 8 bits in 1 COM ⑦ Operation indication ···················· LED display ⑧ Surge protector ···························· Varistor ⑨ Internal current consumption ······ lower than 100mA at DC 5V
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
Indication Lamp 표시 Lamp
Buzzer
Input Digital 입력 (25pin연결콘넥터) Connector)
LED Display (4 Digit)
COM 단자 Terminal (0~7)
부하 Monitor Load Lamp(0~15)
COM Terminal 단자 (8~15)
부하 Monitor Input Terminal For Lamp를 위한 Load Monitor Lamp 입력단자
[Figure 2-13] Output module panel
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2-3. Position Control Module Position control module(PM-4260-4) consists of 2 DC motor, 1 stepping motor, and a sensor system. These components have rotation motion and linear motion that allow RPM control and position control on PLC. Due to the fact that module in [Figure 2-14] performs mechanical motion and along with detection of motion position by the sensor, it should not be put under an impact.
Rotator 회전원판
DC Power 전원 DC Sensor-2 Terminal 입력단자 Output Terminal Input 출력단자 Rotator 회전원판
DC Motor 입력단자 Input Terminal Sensor-1 Output출력단자 Terminal
Stepping Motor 스테핑 모터
A&B Phase 입력단자 Input Terminal 직선운동 모터 Linear Motion Input입력단자 Terminal
Linear Motion 직선운동 Guide 가이드 Rod 로드 Linear Motion
직선운동 우측검출 Right Detection Micro Micro Switch-2 Switch-2
Linear Motion 직선운동
Movement
MS-1 Linear 좌측검출 Motion 직선운동 Left Detection 출력단자 Micro Switch-1 Output Terminal Micro Switch-1
Linear Motion 직선운동용
Motor
MS-2 출력단자 Output Terminal
[Figure 2-14] Components on the position control module panel
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
[Figure 2-15] shows components that comprise the rotation position control system with the DC motor and the stepping motor on the position module. In (a) of [Figure 2-15], there are 2 sensors on the rotation disk. Of them, sensor1 is used for detection of zero position, and the other one is for position constant sensor that can stop the motors at a desired position. And (b) of the figure is a rotating system that can control the RPM and position control by means of the stepping motor. The stepping motor in 2 phase is of position control accuracy up to 1.8°/step. The sensor 3 in the rotation system is for detecting 0 position which is initial position.
[Reference] The outputs of sensor 1~3 that are open collector type non-contact switches, so be cautious of pole. The green collector should be connected to (+) pole, the black should be connected to PLC input and com of PLC input should be connected to (-) of power supply. In case of using the sensor, make sure that DC 24V is provided for a DC power input terminal located in middle of top in this module. Rotator
(a) DC motor and the sensor system (b) Stepping motor and the sensor system [Figure 2-15] Position control module and sensor component diagram
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
Specifications of the stepping motor. ① Resistance ····································· 150Ω/Phase ±10% ② Input voltage
······························ 24V
③ Current ········································· 0.16A/Phase ④ Phases ··········································· 2 Phases ⑤ Step angle ···································· 1.8°/Step ⑥ Inductance ···································· 55mH/Phase ⑦ Holding torque ····························· 1000 gf․cm ⑧ Detent torque ······························· 40 gf․cm ⑨ Rotor inertia ································· 40 g․cm²
[Figure 2-16] shows the position control module for linear motion. One DC motor is used, and 2 micro switches detect stop positions, on right and left. [Note] This system has 2 limit switches on each end of right and left that prevent a run-over of linear motion inside the module. Thus if over run, it automatically stops.
Motor Input
감속모터 Greared Motor Movement
Sensor-4 Out
MS-1
MS-2
[Figure 2-16] Linear motion system diagram
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Sensor-5 Out
ED-4260 PLC Trainer
Electrical specifications of the DC motor that does linear motion in the position control module are as follows. ① Input voltage ···································· DC 24V ② Input current ···································· Approx. 105mA ③ Field type ········································· Permanent magnet ④ Speed of Rotate ······························ 30 RPM (geared motor)
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
Chapter 3. Option Module 3-1. Analog/Digital Converter (AD-4260-5) 1) Introduction of AD-4260-5 In an automatic control system, there should be data signals and error values that indicate the current status for control. These signals are obtained from temperature, pressure density, speed, length, weight, and other factors. Change rate of these factors are generally indicated as electric signal, which is either voltage or current, or electric resistor. These signals are in the form of analog in the most cases, if you need an automatic control with the PLC, you need an A/D converter that converts analog signal to digital signal (binary or BCD). In an ED-4260 PLC trainer, an A/D converter(4260-AD) for GLOFA-GM4 can be installed on the PLC unit as an option, but we will give an explanation on the usage of AD-4260-5 module and PLC application training for better conversion. Because the converter module has variable current source for an analog input signal training, and also can change the reference voltage and clock frequency, digital output rate control on an analog input and featuring training on difference of conversion time are possible. The following is a list of features on A/D converter. ① Resolution ······································ 8 bits ② Conversion time ···························· Approx. 100µs~1ms ③ Analog input ·································· 0~10V ④ Digital output level ······················· 5V±0.2V (at TTL level) ⑤ Clock frequency ···························· Approx. 100kHz~1MHz ⑥ Access time
································· 150ns
⑦ DC output (for analog input) ······· 0~15V ⑧ Input power ··································· AC 220V
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2) Usage of AD-4260-5 (1) Explanation on panel ⑦
⑧
⑨
⑩⑪ ⑫
⑬
⑥
⑤
⑭
④
③
②
①
⑰
⑯
⑮
[Figure 3-1] Converter AD-4260-5
① Power ············································· ON/OFF switch ② DC output ······································ DC output terminal for analog input ③ Fine ················································ DC 15V output fine adjuster ④ Coarse ············································ DC 15V output coarse adjuster ⑤ AC input ········································ Power input (AC 220V) terminal ⑥ Voltmeter ······································· Analog input level indication voltmeter ⑦ Analog input ·································· Analog input terminal ⑧ GND ··············································· Analog input ground terminal ⑨
·················································· Chip selector switch
⑩
················································· Read selection switch
⑪
················································ Write selection switch
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
⑫
·············································· Interrupt switch
⑬ Digital output ································· Digital output connector ⑭ Output LED ··································· 8-bit digital output indicator ⑮ CLOCK FREQ. ······························· Clock frequency variable TP-1 ··············································· Reference voltage test point REF.-ADJ ········································· Reference voltage variable
[Figure 3-2] shows the connection between AD converter module and input of PLC unit with 25pin input connection connector of the frame In the figure, the A/D converter has 8 bits, whereas PLC unit has 16 point. So put the A/D converter connector into first 8 point(0~7).
(2) Operation preparation ① First, turn off the power switch, and connect AC 220V power from the AC output terminal of power supply PS-4260 to the AC input terminal of the AC-4260-5. ② Connect ③ Set
and and
with a connection pin. switches from the center to the low
④ Position REF.ADJ adjuster at the center ⑤ Turn the CLOCK FREQ. Adjuster clockwise all the way. ⑥ Connect the digital output of AD-4260-5 and the input of ED-4260 frame with a suitable cable as shown in [Figure 3-2]. ⑦ In case of need, connect the a DC 15V output terminal for analog input and an input analog terminal
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
[Figure 3-2] Connection of A/D converter AD-4260-5 to PLC
Output module can be selected for PLC output commensurate with the training purpose. When you calibrate the output of the A/D converter, turn on the converter, set analog input voltage, and adjust REF. ADJ. so that binary value on input voltage is output. At this point, DC 0~15V output from this A/D converter can be used.
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
3-2. Digital/Analog Converter (DA-4260-6) 1) Introduction of DA-4260-6 Generally in an automatic system with PLC, depending on what it can control there are a dynamic control type and non dynamic control type like a temperature control. Both two controls are controlled with an electrical output, and their outputs are classified as follows. (1) ON/OFF output (switch control) (2) Analog signal output (3) Digital signal output
What we are trying to explain is you use the D/A converter to get analog signal from the PLC since what the automatic control system controls is in need of electric analog signal. To do this, it should be programmed to produce binary output from PLC, to have analog output range in which is suitable for a control. Here we are explaining DA-4260-6 module that allows the D/A conversion training and a way to do PLC application training. Since this converter module has the 8-bit binary switch in it that takes arbitrarily 8-bit input, it takes binary manually and issues analog output accordingly. Also, the D/A converter allows the V-REF of D/A converter to change analog output level rate to digital conversion rate. The following is the electrical features of D/A converter, DA-4260-6. ① Resolution ········································ 8 bits ② Conversion time ······························ lower than 50μs ③ Digital input level ··························· TTL level (H: approx. +5V) ④ Analog output ·································· 0~10V ⑤ Data switch ······································ 8 switches for digital input ⑥ Input power ····································· AC 220V
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
3) Usage of DA-4260-6 (1) Explanation on panel ⑧
⑨
⑩
⑪
⑦ ⑫ ⑥
⑤
④
③
②
①
[Figure 3-3] D/A converter DA-4260-6
① Power ············································· Power ON/OFF switch ② TP-1 ··············································· Analog output TP of converter IC ③ TP-2 ··············································· Reference voltage test point ④ REFERENCE ································· Reference voltage variable ⑤ 8 BINARY SWITCHes ················ Digital input switch for training ⑥ BINARY OUTPUT ······················· Binary output terminal for training ⑦ 8 LED INDICATORs ··················· 8 Digital input indication ⑬ lamps ⑧ DIGITAL INPUT ·························· Digital input connector ⑨ METER RANGE ··························· 1.5V/15V meta range selection switch ⑩ GND ················································· Analog output ground terminal www.ed.co.kr
ED-4260 PLC Trainer
⑪ Analog output ································ Analog output terminal ⑫ Voltmetter ······································ Analog output level indicator ⑬ AC INPUT ···································· AC 220V input Power terminal [Figure 3-4] shows the connection between the D/A converter module and the PLC unit output with the 25pin frame connector. In the figure, D/A converter has 8 bits whereas the output of PLC unit is 16 point. Thus, first 8 point (0~7 bit) of PLC output are connected
(2) Operation preparation ① Turn off the power switch and connect AC 220V power from power supply AC output terminal on the frame to the AC input terminal of DA-4260-6. ② Set the meter range switch on DA-4260-6 to 15V ③ Put Reference voltage adjuster in the middle
(3) Output adjuster ④ Connect 8 outputs of the converter binary switch and 8 binary inputs. ⑤ Turn on the power switch after placing the binary switches in "H". ⑥ Adjust analog output voltage with the reference knob to point 10 voltage. ⑦ Again, turn off the power switch for the converter, and disconnect the binary switch output and digital input terminal. ⑧ Connect a suitable provided cable between the digital input of D/A converter module and the 25pin connecter on ED-4260 frame as shown in [Figure 3-4].
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
[Figure 3-4] Connection D/A converter DA-4260-6 to the PLC
Input module is connected to the PLC input suitable for a training purpose. 8-bit digital input of D/A converter is connected to first 8 bits of the PLC unit(0~7).
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
3-3. Temperature Sensor Module (SU-4260-9) 1) Introduction of SU-4260-9 SU-4260-9 sensor training module detects temperature with the thermometer probe along with the wheatstone bridge, have amplified output with the amplifier. Also, the module emits heat, or cooling by internal fan that functions not only as temperature source but also as the heater and cooling fan by connecting them externally that allow temperature control training with the A/D converter and the PLC.
[Figure
3-5] shows the control circuit of the heater and the cooling fan whose operation mode is either a manual or automatic with the PLC. The following is electrical features of the temperature sensor module. ① Detection circuit ···························· Wheatstone bridge ② Sensing range ································ 1kΩ~5kΩ (bridge) ③ Temperature source ······················· Heater & cooler fan ④ Heater control ·································· Contact ON/OFF Type ⑤ Cooling control ······························ Contact ON/OFF Type ⑥ Sensor device ································· Thermister probe ⑦ Input power ··································· AC 220V
Heater Control Input Terminal
[Figure 3-5] Heater and cooling fan control circuit
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Cooler Control Input Terminal
ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2) Usage of SU-4260-9 (1) Explanation on panel
②
③ ④
⑤
⑥ ① ⑦ ⑧
⑫
⑪
⑩
⑨
[Figure 3-6] Temperature sensor module SU-4260-9
① AC input ········································ Power input terminal (AC 220V) ② Balance ··········································· Bridge balancing potentiometer ③ Amplifier connecting terminal ······ Bridge output & amplifier input connection ④ Range
··········································· Bridge measuring range selection switch
⑤ Meter
············································ Bridge balancing indicator
⑥ Output
·········································· Temperature detecting output terminal
⑦ Cooler
··········································· Cooler manual & automatic selection switch
⑧ Cooler control input terminal ······· ON/OFF Cooling fan external input terminal ⑨ Temperature source ······················· Heater source for temp. probe
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
⑩ Heater ············································· Manual & automatic selection switch for heater ⑪ Heater control input terminal ······· External ON/OFF input terminal for heater ⑫ Sensor input
······························· Thermistor probe input terminal
[Figure 3-7] depicts the connection of the temperature sensor module from which analog output is issued to the PLC trainer, ED-4260, via the A/D converter. The 8-bit input of A/D converter and 8-bit output of IM-4260-2 input module are connected to the input unit, which is for preset comparative output. That is, since automatic control by temperature controls temperature by detecting temperature, to be controlled at arbitrary temperature, preset input is convenient.
[Figure 3-7] Temperature control circuit with temperature sensor module
(2) Operation preparation of SU-4260-9 ① Connect the output 4 of the bridge and input 5 of OP Amp. ② Connect DC source terminal 2 and 3 of the bridge. ③ Set heater and cooler switch to the auto. Mode. www.ed.co.kr
ED-4260 PLC Trainer
④ Set range switch to 1kΩ. ⑤ Connect the thermistor probe to the sensor input terminal. ⑥ Connect the output of AC 220V to AC 220V input terminal of SU-4260-9 after the switch of power supply module on ED-4260 is turned off. ⑦ Turn the power on, place the balance knob so that current indicator points to ±0, and turn off the input power.
(3) Connection and operation preparation of A/D converter ⑧ Connect the output of SU-4260-9 and analog input of AD-4260-5. ⑨ Connect a suitable cable between digital output connector of AD-4260-5 and 25pin connector of the frame as shown in [Figure 3-7]. ⑩ After connecting AC 220V from the power supply on the frame, repeat the previous operation preparation 1 through 7 in 3-1-2.
(4) Control output connection ⑪ Connect the output terminal of the frame and the heater and cooler control input terminal. (Figure shows connection between the output 300 of the PLC and heater control input, and output 301 of the PLC and cooler control input.) ⑫ The value of preset can be issued as digital to control temperature by means of the input module in concordance with the training purpose as shown in the figure. Notice that [Figure 3-7] displays a way of training. For your own sake, assign numbers to the PLC I/O module. In the figure, the preset input is connected to 008 ~ 015 of the PLC unit 1 via the frame terminal, and 8-bit output of temperature detecting module is connected to bit 100 through 107 of PLC unit 2 via the 25pin connector.
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
3-4. Photo Control Circuit (PC-4260-10) 1) Introduction of PC-4260-10 The photo control module can control the brightness of the lamp. It allows automatic brightness control circuit configuration with the arbitrarily value set since it has the detecting sensor. Since control input and output to the training module are analog signal, A/D converter and D/A converter are needed to control signals as shown in [Figure 3-8].
D/A Converter
A/D Converter
(Brightness (Brightness Control) Detection)
[Figure 3-8] PC-4260-10 module and PLC control diagram
[Note] If there is a 4260-DA or a 4260-AD on the PLC unit (GLOFA-G4) that can be installed on D/A converter and A/D converter, you may use them. You should be familiar with these converters before using them. The following is a list of electrical features of the photo control SCR circuit. ① Control input ································· DC 0~10V ② Load control range ························ Max. 10W (10W Lamp) ③ Load input voltage ························ 220V or 110V ④ Brightness detecting device ·········· CDS ⑤ Control type ··································· Load voltage phase angle control with the SCR ⑥ Input power ··································· AC 220V
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2) Usage of PC-4260-10 (1) Explanation on panel ②
③ ④
⑤
①
⑥
⑦
⑩
⑨
⑧
[Figure 3-9] Photo control SCR module PC-4260-10
① DC 0~10V ······································· Brightness control input terminal ② AC 220V input ······························· AC power input terminal ③ Photo coupler ·································· Photo combination device ④ J3 (TP) ············································· Photo transistor output test point ⑤ J6 and J7 ········································· 2 poles terminal(Both side of Load) ⑥ A bulb and a socket ······················ 10W bulb or other connecting socket ⑦ J12 or J13 ····································· ON/OFF switch terminal ⑧ CdS ·················································· Surrounding brightness detecting sensor ⑨ CdS Terminal ·································· Brightness detecting output terminal (CdS resister change output) ⑩ J5 (TP) ··········································· SCR gate input test point
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
[Figure 3-10] shows the connection of the D/A converter and the A/D converter along with the photo control SCR circuit module to PLC trainer ED-4260. The brighter the surroundings, the less the output resister of the sensor is. The darker it is, the higher the resister increases. Thus it is a simple resister change output. With the output, the sensor output should be connected to the A/D converter to operate the A/D converter.
[Figure 3-10] Example of the photo control SCR circuit module
The input powers of the A/D converter and the D/A converter in [Figure 3-2] are connected to the output of the AC 220V power supply in [Figure 3-4]. And notice that AC input for the lamps comes in when AC power runs on 220V input terminal of the module.
(2) Module PC-4260-10 testing operation ① Firstly, turn off the power supply of ED-4260, and turn the knob of DC output voltage adjuster all the way down to the minimum counterclockwise. ② Connect the DC output terminal of the power supply to the control input (DC 0~10V) of the photo control SCR circuit module. www.ed.co.kr
ED-4260 PLC Trainer
③ Connect 220V power from the power supply to an AC 220V input on the module, and make sure that the lamp is surely inserted. ④ Connect switch input J12 and J13 with safe cord. ⑤ Turn on the power switch for ED-4260. As you turn knob for the output voltage adjuster slowly, check that the brightness of the lamp is in accordance with strength of its input voltage. ⑥ If something goes well, turn off the switch for the power supply, disconnect the DC output connection cord, and turn the knob of the output voltage adjuster all the down to the minimum counterclockwise.
(3) Operation preparation ① Connect the control input of PC-4260-10 and the analog output of the D/A converter. ② Connect the output terminal of brightness sensor on the PC-4260-10 and the analog input of the A/D converter. ③ Connect the digital output of A/D converter to 25pin input connector of the frame, and the digital input of the D/A converter to 25pin output connector of the frame. ④ Check whether the switch for power supply is off, and connect AC 220V output terminal to the 220V input terminal on PC-4260-10 module with a safe cord. ⑤ Connect the switch terminals J12 and J13 of PC-4260-10 and the output terminal 308 and COM. of ED-4260 frame as shown in [Figure 3-10].
(4) Connection and operation preparation of A/D and D/A converter ⑥ See the usage of and operation preparation of A/D converter in 3-1-2 AD-4260-5 ⑦ See the usage of and operation preparation of D/A converter in 3-2-2 DA-4260-6. [Figure 3-10] shows an example of training. Assign numbers to input and output modules of the PLC to use them. Be aware of high voltage AC 220V when you do the training and careful not to touch it. In times of changing or removing the connection, turn off the switch for the power supply of ED-4260.
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
3-5. Power and Terminal Transfer Unit (PT-4260-7) 1) Introduction of PT-4260-7 The power and terminal transfer unit have the following 2 functions.
(1) Power supply Input: AC 220V, Phase 1, 60Hz Output: AC 110V(0.2A) and DC ±15V (0.5A)
(1) Terminal hole size transfer ∅4 – ∅2 (20 circuit) Generally, at times when you do the PLC training, you may find time that you need AC 110V. Especially, when you do the ED-4260 PLC application training, option modules need input of AC 110V. Therefore, if you use PT-4260-7, you can have output of AC 110V. Also, due to the fact that input power of a circuit with the OP Amp among training systems or modules is mostly DC ±15V, PT-4260-7 is convenient. The only thing to keep in mind is that you can not use it if the maximum output current of AC 110V requires more than 0.2A and the maximum output current of DC ±15V needs more than 0.5A. The test points (TPs) of the training modules or input/output terminals have 2 different plugs ∅4 plug and ∅2 plug. If there is an intermediate circuit that allows interconnection between them, it will be convenient. A terminal transfer is for that purpose. PT-4260-7 is useful when different size terminals need to be connected.
That is, it al-
lows connection training of ED-4260 PLC trainer with ∅4, option module with ∅2, or other unit.
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2) Usage of PT-4260-7 (1) Explanation on panel
Power Switch
AC 220V AC 110V Input Terminal Output Terminal
Output Terminal DC ±15V 출력단자 -15V COM +15V
∅4-∅2 Convert Terminal
[Figure 3-11] Power and terminal transfer unit PT-4260-7
The rated output voltage from PT-4260-7 is 0.2A in AC 110V as said earlier. Therefore, the output higher than 20W should not be used. The output current of DC output 15V is 0.5A. Thus, load higher than 7.5W at +15V and 7.5W at –15V should be avoided. [Figure 3-12] shows an example of terminal convert circuit. This unit can be used not only in ED-4260 but also other electronic and electric training systems for connection terminal convertion.
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
[Figure 3-12] ∅4~∅2 terminal transfer circuit
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
3-6. Potentiometer and Meter Unit (PM-4260-8) 1) Introduction of PM-4260-8 The potentiometer and meter unit has as precise as 10-turn potentiometer, so that it can divide voltage into arbitrary voltage. That is, analog signal input into an A/D converter can be input precisely. Also 2 analog voltmeters allows monitoring analog input voltage or analog output of D/A converter. Especially, PM-4260-8 unit is an option unit prepared for the analog input unit ( 4260-AD) of option unit of ED-4260 PLC unit or analog input of or output of analog output unit (4260-DA). The following lists electrical features of PM-4260-8. (1) Meter section ① Input voltage(FS) ································· DC 0~15V ② Input current(FS) ································· 100㎂ ③ Internal resister ·································· 150kΩ (2) Potentiometer section ④ Resistance ············································· 10kΩ ⑤ Power consumption ····························· 3W ⑥ Max. input voltage ······························ 100Vp-p ⑦ Turn of adjustable ······························· 10 turn
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ED-4260 PLC Trainer
2) Usage of PM-4260-8 (1) Explanation on panel
Meter-1 Potentiometer-1 입출력 Terminal 단자 In/Output Meter-1 입력단자 Input Terminal
10-Turn Adjustor 조정기
Meter-2 Potentiometer-2 입출력 단자 In/Output Terminal Meter-2 입력단자 Input Terminal Adjustor 10-Turn 조정기
[Figure 3-13] Potentiometer and meter unit
[Figure 3-14] shows an output after varying input on the potentiometer. The input voltage should not exceed 100V. Moreover, the external voltage does not interfere the output terminal.
Input Output
[Figure 3-14] Input and output of a potentiometer
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Task 1
PLC I/O(ED-4260 TRAINER) Practice / 179
Task 2
Program Practice using Subroutine Commands
Task 3
Motor's Start/Stop Circuit Practice / 197
Task 4
Motor's Forward/Reverse Control Program Practice(Interlock Circuit) / 203
Task 5
Program Practice using SET & RESET / 209
Task 6
Positive/Negative Transition Sensing Pulse Coil Program Practice / 215
Task 7
3-Phase Induction Motor's Y-△ Start Circuit Program Practice / 220
Task 8
Program Practice using Counter(UP) / 227
Task 9
Program Practice using Branch JUMP Command / 234
Task 10
Program Practice using Return Command / 239
Task 11
Program Practice using Transmission(MOVE) Command / 243
Task 12
Motor's Upper/Lower Limit Linear Movement Circuit Practice / 249
Task 13
Stepping Motor Circuit Practice using Timer / 254
Task 14
Applied PracticeⅠ (Quiz Program Practice) / 259
Task 15
Applied PracticeⅡ (Electronic Timer Program Practice) / 262
Task 16
Applied PracticeⅢ (Lamp Shift Lighting Program Practice) / 265
Task 17
Applied PracticeⅣ (Timer External Control Program PracticeⅠ) / 268
Task 18
Applied PracticeⅤ (Timer External Control Program PracticeⅡ) / 272
Task 19
Applied PracticeⅥ (Die Program Practice) / 275
Task 20
Applied PracticeⅦ (ONE-SHOT Circuit Practice using TP Timer) / 278
/ 191
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Task 1
PLC I/O (ED-4260 TRAINER) Practice
1. Purpose of Experiment 1) Understand the principle of PLC I/O deivice. 2) Learn about the basic principle of PLC. 3) Identify the differences between Relay Sequence control and PLC. 4) Understand the structure and principle of PLC TRAINER(ED-4260).
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················· 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ····························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ···································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand the flow of electric signal. 2) One should be able to understand how a basic sequence circuit works.
4. Activating Condition 1) Program is set up in such a way that 16 points of INPUT and 16 points of OUTPUT can be actuated on a one-on-one basis. 2) Activating circuit needs to be configured as below so that when power is applied to INPUT address 000 by using the PLC TRAINER (ED-4260), input switch module(IM-4260-2), and output lamp module (OM-4260-3), output LAMP at OUTPUT address 300 turns on. (TRAINER criterion) INPUT 000 → OUTPUT 300
INPUT 001 → OUTPUT 301
INPUT 002 → OUTPUT 302
INPUT 003 → OUTPUT 303
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
INPUT 004 → OUTPUT 304
INPUT 005 → OUTPUT 305
INPUT 006 → OUTPUT 306
INPUT 007 → OUTPUT 307
INPUT 008 → OUTPUT 308
INPUT 008 → OUTPUT 309
INPUT 010 → OUTPUT 310
INPUT 011 → OUTPUT 311
INPUT 012 → OUTPUT 312
INPUT 013 → OUTPUT 313
INPUT 014 → OUTPUT 314
INPUT 015 → OUTPUT 315
3) INPUT 000 is connected to the number "0" switch of input module to form an input circuit. (same configuration hereinafter) 4) OUTPUT 300 is connected to the number "0" lamp of output module to form an output circuit. (same configuration hereinafter) 5) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and the following reference should be used for proper configuration. ※ Reference: Power supply of input & output modules used for practice hereafter is configured as follows: PLC input module power supply: Connect PLC COM to DC 0V(-) and switch COM to DC 24V(+) by using DC 24V fixed power supply. However, careful consideration should be given to either NPN or PNP type depending on the sensor type. In case that NPN type sensor is used, PLC COM should be connected to DC 24V(+). PLC output module power supply: Variable power supply DC 0~24V is used. The reason why variable power supply is used for output is for one to practice a separate use of input/output power supplies and arbitrarily adjust voltage depending on the controller. Voltage should, however, be adjusted with current VR set to maximum.
5. Connection with PLC - To be connected with PLC, select RS-232C and Local after choosing Project → Options → Connection Method, and select a communication port from COM1~C0M4 depending on the connection setup of PC.
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
6. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN PROGRAM. 2) Choose New Project from the Project menu.
3) Use an easily identifiable name for a project file in the dialog box of new project, choose GM4 for PLC type(it depends on user's system), and fill out Writer and Comment in a commentarial way(possible to omit).
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
4) Once making a project is done and Next button is clicked, a Define Program window shows up as below. Type proper character as you want (considering system operation) for the program file name(for example I/O control). Choose Scan Program for Execution Condition (Markedselect condition for run) and click Next.
* Scan program refers to generally created programs such as ladder, and mnemonic. * Task program prioritizes interrupts, and more details are found in the self - teaching guide. * Program file name is the file name used when the program is stored after its creation, and is selected by choosing Search when an existing program needs editing or execution. * Instance (Program) name belongs to the substructure of project (a project can execute a number of programs) and the file extension is *.SRC where SRC is an abbreviation for source.
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
5) When a Add Program window pops up as below, be sure that LD(Ladder Diagram) is selected for an used language and program block for a program type, and click Finish. Then a Program window appears on the screen. * As far as an used language is concerned, refer to the self-teaching guide to learn about the PLC standardization and the language's unique structure.
6) Programming ① Once one clicks the desired location(on screen) where circuit will be built after selecting the normally open contact point in order for OUTPUT “300” to be activated as a result of pressing INPUT “000”, the following result is displayed on the screen.
normally open contact point(N.O)
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
② In order for output lamp to turn on when input switch is pressed(ON) just like Sequence circuit, it needs to be connected in series, and the following result is displayed when one clicks the desired location where circuit will be built after choosing Coil from the toolbox.
normally open
coil output
contact point(N.O)
contact point
③ Though there are two different ways, namely, a way of using direct variable and a way of using indirect variable in order to define variable for input switch and output coil, let us pick indirect variable for here. If one double-clicks with the left button of a mouse by choosing
of the toolbox in the intended
device(here is switch for input on lamp for output) to define indirect variable, a Variable window is displayed as below.
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
* The variable name is defined as INPUT000. (Example: switch, sensor, etc.) * Because the variable called “INPUT000" needs to be connected to contact point number "0" of PLC input card as a matter of Assign(AT), one inputs IX0.0.0(or I0.0.0) for memory allocation. The following figure is used for add or edit variables, and is applicable to indirect variable instead of direct variable. Direct variable should be inputted by choosing Assign(AT) when PLC's address to be connected to the variable name is memory-allocation, whereas memory allocation is Auto handled in case that address memory allocation is unneeded separately. * For more information on variable input method and data type, refer to the self-teaching guide. * Since % sign is automatically defined in Assign(AT) for memory allocation, allocation value should be inputted without % sign.
* Concerning output coil as well, when the variable name(OUTPUT 300) and the www.ed.co.kr
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address(%QX0.3.0) are filled out in the same way as done with input switch, the following figure appears.
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④ A program completed by repeating the above process makes a figure as below.
* A circuit suited to conditions can be easily built as below by using MOVE command.
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7) Execution of Program(simulation) ① To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a character istic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormal ity in the circuit and its activation. ② Once Simulator Start is chosen after Project on the menu is chosen, an execution file is generated, and clicking OK brings forth a simulator as below.
③ Base number and slot type in the above figure are automatically generated based on the programmed variable of INPUT/OUTPUT. ④ The experiment of the above simulator shows that as input switch of slot number “0” is selected after CPU of the simulator is switched from STOP(S) mode to RUN(R) mode, output is verified with a red lamp at slot number “3.” (Refer to the execution figure below.)
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8) Data Transmission from PC to PLC ① By choosing Connect+Write+Run+Monitor On from Online of the menu, a connection is established after verifying connection condition of RS-232 cable and PLC model.
② Connection terminates by clicking disconnection(
) icon.
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9) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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Task 2
Program Practice using Subroutine Commands
1. Purpose of Experiment - Learn about auxiliary programs and how to call them using subroutine commands.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic knowledge of subroutine. 2) One should be able to understand the meaning of main program & auxiliary program.
4. Activating Condition 1) If main switch is activated, then main output lamp is activated(main program terminated), and auxiliary switch enables auxiliary output to be activated, and stop switch enables main output lamp and auxiliary output to be initialized. 2) If main output lamp is not activated, then auxiliary output to be enabled by auxiliary switch is not activated neither.
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3) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below. Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
MAIN_SWITCH
%IX0.0.1
AUXILIARY_SWITCH
%IX0.0.2
STOP_SWITCH
%IX0.0.0
MAIN_OUTPUT_LAMP
%QX0.2.0
Toggle Switch 1 Toggle Switch 2 Toggle Switch 0 Lamp L-2
AUXILIARY_LAMP
%QX0.2.1
Lamp L-1
Section
Input
Output
Comment
4) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM and LAMP are connected to DC 24V(+)
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN to open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Design a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 4) A figure below shows a program that built circuit using subroutine commands.
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5) How to use comment and label ① If one double-clicks with the left button of mouse right on the row where comment or label needs to be inserted, a dialog box as on the left below shows up.
② Once one chooses Comment, a message box appears so that any content can be inputted there. When a comment like "This is a program using sub program." is inputted, the following result is displayed.
③ To write a subprogram, one chooses
for the intended program and makes a
label. (Refer to the figure below.) As far as writing a subprogram is concerned, it works identically for both label and comment. (In case of the above program, the name to be called is "sub program.") When programming is done, END is written in the LD program by choosing "Main Program End Mark" from the label/comment menu, and "This line is the end of program body" is written as a comment.
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In order for the auxiliary program(subroutine program) to be selected, one selects labelfrom the row 6 where a subprogram is written andSUB_PROGRAMfrom the label list to complete calling program. (Refer to the figure below.)
The Label of subroutine call subroutine program should be same.
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and the Label of the
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows a situation where the simulator is chosen, and main output lamp is activated by executing CPU with RUN mode and turning main switch on, and auxiliary switch turns on as a result of jumping(subroutine) to auxiliary pro gram by main output lamp, which enables auxiliary output to be turned on by pressing the auxiliary switch. ② To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
in its right upper portion.
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2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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Task 3
Motor's Start/Stop Circuit Practice
1. Purpose of Experiment 1) Understand motor's starting principle using PLC. 2) Learn about I/O(INPUT/OUTPUT) MAP of PLC. 3) Identify the differences between Sequence control and PLC control. 4) Understand the structure and principle of PLC TRAINER(ED-4260)
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand motor's starting method. 2) One should be able to understand basic Sequence control circuit. 3) One should be able to understand self-holding circuit(Latching circuit). 4) One should be able to design PLC I/O MAP.
4. Activating Condition 1) Build motor's start circuit by using two input switches(start, stop). (Output consists of output coil for magnetic contact, operation lamp, and stop lamp.) * Initially, stop lamp must have been turned on. 2) If start input switch is turned on, motor gets started, and then operation lamp turns on whereas stop lamp turns off.
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3) If one turns on stop push button switch during operation, motor stops, and stop lamp turns on, and operation lamp turns off. 4) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below. Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
Remarks
START_SWITCH
%IX0.0.1
Push Switch S-2
STOP_SWITCH
%IX0.0.0
Push Switch S-3
MOTOR
%QX0.2.0
MOTOR-1(-)
OPERATION_LAMP
%QX0.2.1
Lamp L-2
STOP_LAMP
%QX0.2.2
Lamp L-1
Section Input
Output
5) PLC input power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM is connected to DC 24V(+). 6) PLC output power supply also consists of DC 24V, and PLC terminal block COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while Motor (+) terminal and LAMP COM are connected to DC 24V(+). 7) It is very important to configure PLC I/O MAP. It means enabling PLC I/O MAP to estimate input/output point, and means control as well as input/output configuration.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN. 2) Open the Project window and the Program window. 3) Create a program using normally open contact point, normally closed contact point, and output coil. 4) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 5) The following figure displays a program that shows examples of motor's start and stop circuit using direct variable and indirect variable of stop circuit. (One should understand the meaning of direct variable and indirect variable in LD program.)
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6) Storage of Program
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① As shown above, one chooses Compile of Compile on the menu to store program. ② Compile means temporary storage in buffer, and execution file is created by Make.
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN mode, stop lamp that is the number 2(%QX0.2.2) output lamp of slot "2" turns on. ② If one presses the number 1(%IX0.0.1) button of start switch in slot "0", motor(%QX0.2.0) is activated and operation lamp(%QX0.2.1) turns on. Then stop lamp turns off.
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※ Self-holding contact is a kind memory circuit with two types, OFF priority circuit and ON priority circuit. The figure above shows OFF priority circuit because when start switch and stop switch are pressed simultaneously, motor stops. But if motor keeps working, then it means ON priority circuit. ③ Motor keeps working until stop switch(%IX0.0.0) is turned on by self-holding circuit. ④ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut 2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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in its right upper portion.
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Task 4
Motor's Forward/Reverse Control Program (Interlock Circuit)
1. Purpose of Experiment 1) Understand motor's forward/reverse circuit using PLC. 2) Learn about PLC's I/O(INPUT/OUTPUT) MAP. 3) Identify the differences between Sequence control and PLC control. 4) Understand the structure and principle of PLC TRAINER(ED-4260).
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand motor's forward/reverse circuit. 2) One should be able to understand basic Sequence control circuit. 3) One should be able to understand Interlock circuit. 4) One should be able to design PLC I/O MAP.
4. Activating Condition 1) Build motor's forward/reverse circuit by using two(forward rotation, reverse rotation) input switch and stop switch. 2) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below.
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Section
Input
Output
Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
FORWARD_SWITCH
%IX0.0.1
REVERSE_SWITCH
%IX0.0.2
STOP_SW
%IX0.0.0
OPERATION_LAMP
%QX0.3.0
Toggle Switch 1 Toggle Switch 2 Toggle Switch 0 Lamp L-2
FORWARD_MOTOR A
%QX0.2.0
MOTOR-1 (+)
FORWARD_MOTOR B
%QX0.3.2
MOTOR-1 (-)
REVERSE_MOTOR A
%QX0.2.1
MOTOR-1 (-)
REVERSE_MOTOR B
%QX0.3.3
MOTOR-1 (+)
MOTOR_STOP_LAMP
%QX0.3.1
Lamp L-1
Comment
2) When forward rotation switch turns on, motor does forward rotation operation. When reverse rotation switch is turned on after turning stop switch ON/OFF, motor does reverse rotation operation. 3) The system is configured in such a way that motor operation lamp turns on when motor operates and motor stop lamp turns on when motor stops. 4) If forward rotation switch turns on, motor does forward rotation operation and motor's operation lamp turns on. (Motor stop lamp turns off.) 5) One should turn motor off in order to do reverse rotation operation. Then motor stop lamp should turn on(motor operation lamp turns off). If one turns reverse rotation switch on after motor stops, then motor does reverse rotation operation, and motor's operation lamp turns on(motor stop lamp turns off). ※ Interlock circuit is a circuit that inhibits operation of pertinent instrument by using contact point showing its activating status in order to avoid concurrent output between two instruments for instruments' protection and workers' safety. In other words, it is called preceding operation priority circuit or opponent operation inhibition circuit. 6) Forward direction operation should be sustained even if one turns on reverse direction switch, and interlock circuit should be incorporated so that operation www.ed.co.kr
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switchover can be activated only after stop switch turns ON/OFF. 7) PLC input power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM is connected to DC 24V(+). 8) For PLC output power supply, connect DC 24V(+) to the number 2 slot (%QX0.2.0 ~%QX0.2.7) COM terminal and DC 0V(-) to the number 3 slot (%QX0.3.0~%QX0.3.7) COM terminal. 9) Connect %QX0.2.0 and %QX0.3.3 to motor's terminal(+), and %QX0.2.1 and %QX0.3.2 to motor's terminal(-). 10) Connect LAMP COM to DC 24V(+).
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN. 2) Open the Project window and the Program window. 3) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 4) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 5) The following figure displays a program that built motor's forward/reverse circuit.
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6) Window for variable verification
- As for local variables(case of indirect variable declaration) applied to the above program, a list of local variables is displayed as in the figure when Local Variable is chosen from Program of the menu. It can be verified that memory assignments in the figure match up with I/O MAP.
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN mode, stop lamp that is the number 1(%QX0.3.1) output lamp of slot "3" turns on. ② If one turns on forward rotation switch(%IX0.0.1), then forward rotation motors, A(%QX0.2.0), B(%QX0.3.2) are activated, and operation lamp(%QX0.3.0) turns on. Then stop lamp turns off. ③ To perform reverse rotation, stop motor with stop switch and turn on reverse rotation switch(%IX0.0.2). Then motors, A(%QX0.2.1), B(%QX0.3.3) are activated and operation lamp turns on. (Even if one turns on reverse rotation
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switch during forward rotation, reverse rotation is not activated because they are mutually protected by interlock circuit.) ④ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut 2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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in its right upper portion.
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Task 5
Program Practice using SET and RESET Command
1. Purpose of Experiment 1) Understand PLC commands, SET and RESET. 2) Understand the structure and principle of PLC TRAINER(ED-4260).
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic commands of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand the meaning of SET and RESET.
4. Activating Condition 1) Build motor's start/stop circuit by using two(start, stop) switches. 2) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below.
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Section
Input
Output
Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
START_SWITCH
%IX0.0.2
STOP_SWITCH
%IX0.0.1
SWITCH_A
%IX0.0.0
MOTOR
%QX0.2.2
MOTOR-1 (-)
OPERATION_LAMP
%QX0.2.1
Lamp L-1
STOP_LAMP
%QX0.2.0
Lamp L-2
Comment Push Switch S-2 Push Switch S-3 Toggle Switch 0
3) PLC input power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM is connected to DC 24V(+). Motor's power supply and LAMP consist of DC 24V, and COM terminal is connected to DC 0V(-) while motor(+) and LAMP COM are connected to DC 24V(+) variable power supply. 4) If start switch is turned on, motor's SET is activated and motor's operation lamp turns on. 5) If stop switch is turned on, motor's RESET is activated, and operation stops, and operation lamp turns off while stop lamp turns on. 6) Even if circuit is interrupted with switch A while being operated by start switch, motor keeps working until motor's SET will be RESET. 7) SET command is characterized by the ability of sustaining its effect until RESET command takes over.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 4) A program that utilizes SET command and RESET command for motor's start and stop is shown in the figure below.
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5) Various differences can be identified when the above program is compared with motor's start/stop circuit of the practice task 3. Identify each difference. 6) Try to transmit using upload while transmitting to PLC. (Different traits from MASTER-K) 7) Unless one selects upload program while transmitting to PLC, it is impossible for program to be reversely transmitted from PLC. (Case of transmission from PLC to PC Refer to clause 7.)
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows a case that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN mode and turn on start switch, operation lamp turns on while motor SET is activated. ② Motor stops only when motor RESET is activated by stop switch. ③ Motor maintains operation because RESET was not activated as the figure above even if switch A is turned on when operated by start switch. ④ SET command is Cleared only by RESET command. ⑤ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
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in its right upper portion.
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2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
7. The following should be defined to transmit data(including project and source file) from PC to PLC. (PLC upload program) 1) Install RS-232 cable for a connection. (Connecting PC and PLC's CPU) 2) Choose Option from Project of the menu. (Refer to the figure below.) 3) Choose Output File from Make Option, and check Upload Program, and then include or exclude comment as an option. 4) The reason why upload program needs to be set up is to be able to receive data from PLC. (Function different from MASTER-K) 5) All it takes to receive PLC's program to PC is to choose Read from Online of the menu. (From PC standpoint, reading means receiving data from PLC to PC.) * From PC standpoint, Write of the Online menu means transmitting data from PC to PLC.
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Figure to define Upload Program
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Task 6
Positive/Negative Transition Sensing pulse Coil Program Practice
1. Purpose of Experiment - Learn about a PLC command, positive/negative transition sensing pulse coil command.(Differential Signal)
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic commands of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand the meaning of positive/negative transition sensing pulse coil. 3) One should be able to understand the meaning of scan time.
4. Activating Condition 1) Build motor's start/stop circuit by using three(start 1, start 2, stop) switches. 2) PLC memory assignment is configured as below.
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Section
Input
Output
Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
START_SWITCH_1
%IX0.0.2
START_SWITCH_2
%IX0.0.1
STOP_SWITCH
%IX0.0.0
MOTOR
%QX0.2.2
POSITIVE
Automatic
NEGATIVE
Automatic
OPERATION_LAMP
%QX0.2.1
Lamp L-1
STOP_LAMP
%QX0.2.0
Lamp L-2
Comment Push Switch S-2 Push Switch S-3 Toggle Switch 0 MOTOR-1 (-) Detect positive Edge Detect negative Edge
3) PLC input power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM is connected to DC 24V(+). Motor's power supply and LAMP consist of DC 24V, and COM terminal is connected to DC 0V(-) while motor(+) and LAMP COM are connected to DC 24V(+). 4) When start switch 1 turns on, positive transition sensing pulse coil is activated for 1 scan to operate motor(operation sustained by self-holding) as start switch 1 switches from OFF to ON(rising edge), and motor is stopped by stop switch. 5) When start switch 2 turns on, negative transition sensing pulse coil is activated for 1 scan to operate motor(operation sustained by self-holding) as start switch 2 switches from ON to OFF(falling edge), and motor is stopped by stop switch.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 4) A program that built motor's start/stop circuit using positive/negative transition sensing
pulse coil command is shown in the figure below.
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5) Various differences can be identified when the above program is compared with motor's start/stop circuit of the practice task 3. (Notice the difference between rising output contact point and falling output contact point.)
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows a case that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN(R) mode and turn on start switch, stop lamp turns on. (Case of using reverse coil as stop lamp output tool) ② As soon as start switch 1 turns on, positive transition sensing pulse is on, output is sensed, and motor operates, and it is stopped by stop switch. ③ As soon as start switch 2 turns on and then turns off, negative transition sensing pulse is on, and motor operates, and it is stopped by stop switch. ④ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
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in its right upper portion.
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2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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3-Phase Induction Motor's
Task 7
Y-△ Start Circuit Program Practice
1. Purpose of Experiment - Learn about 3-phase induction motor's Y-△ start circuit using timer command.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic knowledge of timer. 2) One should be able to understand 3-phase induction motor's start mechanism. 3) One should be able to understand function block.
4. Activation Condition 1) Build 3-phase induction motor's start/stop circuit by using operation switch and stop switch. (Y-△ Operation) 2) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below. Section
Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
Comment
START_SWITCH
%IX0.0.1
Push Switch S-2
STOP_SWITCH
%IX0.0.0
Push Switch S-3
Y_OPERATION
%QX0.2.1
Lamp 1
△_OPERATION
%QX0.2.2
Lamp 2
STOP_LAMP
%QX0.2.0
Lamp 0
Input
Output
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3) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM and LAMP are connected to DC 24V(+). Use input power supply and output power supply separately. 4) If start switch turns on, then Y operation(MC) is activated, and 3-phase induction motor operates with Y connection, and timer is activated as well. 5) After the set time of timer(set to 5 seconds in this practice), Y operation(MC) turns off, and △ operation(MC) is activated, and 3-phase induction motor operates with △ connection. 3-phase induction motor is stopped by stop switch. (※ MC output of Y operation and △ operation is replaced with lamp for this practice.)
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 4) A program that built 3-phase induction motor's Y-△ start circuit using timer is shown in the figure below.
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5) To execute timer in GLOFA PLC, a precaution should be taken because it uses a different command system. MASTER-K depends on general output coil is applied for this command, whereas GLOFA uses a command system characterized by Function and Function Block.
Differences between Function and Function Block Function : Time taken from STEP 1 of a program to final STEP is called 1 SCAN. Function applies to the case that requires an immediate execution within 1 SCAN TIME and the case that does not stores operation results in the inside of command. (Example: operation function, time/date function, selection/comparison function, type conversion function) Function Block : Function block applies to the case that a program outputs operation results stored through multiple SCANs. (Example: timer, counter)
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6) How to use Function Block ① When one chooses Function Block(
) of the tool box and places it in a perti-
nent location of program in order to use timer, Function Block List pops up as the figure below.
② Choose Standard Function Block under Function Block Type Selection, and TON(ON DELAY TIMER) under Standard Function Block, and then define a variable name for timer. (Call it T1 using the abbreviation of TIMER. For COUNTER, it is general to use C, its initial.) ③ The figure below shows that T1 is under activation as Y operation contact point turns on, and activation status of the program whose set time(PT) is set to 5 seconds is shown as well.
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④ Function Block of ON Delay Timer(TON) - T1: The name of timer(instant name) - IN: Activation start input signal that activates timer (BOOL) - PT: The set time of timer(TIME) - Q: Output(Output of when the set time is reached) - ET: The elapsed time(present value) of timer ⑤ OFF Delay Timer and Pulse Timer Function Block - OFF Delay Timer(TOF) - When input signal of IN turns ON, output also turns ON, and from the moment when input signal turns OFF, timer is activated, and output turns OFF when the set time is reached. - IN, PT, Q, and ET have the same structure as ON Delay Timer.
- Pulse Timer(TP) - From
the
moment
when
input
signal
of
IN
turns
ON, output turns ON, and even if input signal turns OFF, output stays ON until certain time, and output turns OFF when the set time is reached. - IN, PT, Q, and ET have the same structure as ON Delay Timer.
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows a case that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN(R) mode and turn on start switch, Y operation output turns on. ② Timer is activated by Y operation contacty point, and △ operation output is activated 5 seconds after the set time. ③ Operation is stopped by stop switch, and then stop lamp turns on. ④ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
in its right upper portion.
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2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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Task 8
Program Practice using Counter(UP)
1. Purpose of Experiment - Learn about counter types and their characteristics.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic knowledge of counter. 2) One should be able to understand function block.
4. Activation Condition 1) Build a circuit in such a way that when start switch turns on, special register _T1S repeats ON and OFF every one half second for one second, and when timer turns on five times, counter enables motor to operate, and operation lamp turns on. (Stop lamp turns off.) 2) Motor stops 5 seconds after timer is activated by counter output and operation lamp turns off(stop lamp turns on). Motor should repetitively operate until stop switch finally turns on. 3) When stop switch turns on, the present value of counter should be initialized. 4) PLC memory assignment is configured as below.
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Indirect Variable Name
Memory Allocation
Comment
START_SWITCH
%IX0.0.1
Push Switch S-2
STOP_SWITCH
%IX0.0.0
Push Switch S-3
MOTOR
%QX0.3.3
MOTOR-1 (-)
START_LAMP
%QX0.3.2
Lamp 2
OPERATION_LAMP
%QX0.3.1
Lamp 1
STOP_LAMP
%QX0.3.0
Lamp 0
C1
Automatic
T1
Automatic
Section Input
Output
5) PLC input power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM is connected to DC 24V(+). Motor's and Lamp's operating power consist of DC 24V, and COM terminal is connected to DC 0V(-) while motor(+) and LAMP COM are connected to DC 24V(+).
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 4) The figure below shows local variable list and program that built the above circuit using counter.
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5) How to use function block(CTU: UP Counter) ① Choose Function Block(
) of the toolbox to use counter.
(Refer to how to use timer.) ② Choose CTU(up
Standard counter)
Function from
Block
among
from Standard
among
Function
Function
Block
Blocks,
and
Types, define
name for counter. (Call it counter arbitrarily.) ③ Counter types are as follows.
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◉ This incremental counter increases by "1" each time CU's input is "1." * Once it reaches the preset value(PV), output(Q) is activated. - CU takes UP-counter for input, and should be connected to the left bus. - R is counter's RESET. (Current value of CV is initialized.) - PV is counter's preset value(maximum of 32767). - Q is UP-counter's output(BOOL). - CV is counter's current value.
◉ This decremental counter decreases by "1" each time CD's input is "1." * Once
it
reaches
the
preset
value(PV),
output(Q)
is
should
be
activated. - CD
takes
DOWN-counter
for
input,
and
connected to the left bus. - If LD is “1”, the preset value of PV is loaded to the current value of CV. - PV is counter's preset value(maximum of 32767). - Q is DOWN-counter's output(BOOL). - CV is counter's current value.
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◉ This incremental-decremental
counter
increases by
"1"
each time CU's input is "1" and decreases by "1" each time CD's input is "1." * QU's output becomes "1" if CV is greater than or equal to PV, and QD becomes "1" if CV is less than “0.” - CU/CD should be connected to the left bus while UP/DOWN-counters are inputted. - R is counter's RESET. (The preset value of PV is cleared.) - If LD is “1”, the preset value of PV is loaded to the current value of CV. - PV is counter's preset value(maximum of 32767). - QU is UP-counter's output. - QD is DOWN-counter's output. - CV is counter's current value.
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows a case that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN(R) mode, and turn on start switch, and activate start lamp, input signal is transmitted to counter every second by PLC's special register _T1S for counting. ② Once counter's counting reaches the preset value(PV=5), counter output Q is activated to operate motor that turns on operation lamp then. ③ Timer is activated by counter's output, and once the preset time(PT=5) is reached, RESET is activated to initialize counter and stop motor. Then operation lamp turns www.ed.co.kr
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off and stop lamp turns on. ④ If stop switch turns on after repetitively executing ② and ③, all actions stop and start lamp turns off. Counter's proceeding value is initialized too. ⑤ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
in its right upper portion.
2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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Task 9
Program Practice using Branch JUMP Command
1. Purpose of Experiment - Learn about program jump(subprogram) within LD program, which uses JUMP command.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic knowledge of jump and call. 2) One should be able to understand subroutine program.
4. Activating Condition 1) Switch 1 controls output 1, and switch 2 controls output 2. But circuit should be built in such a way that output 1 is not controlled by switch 1 when branch(jump) command is used. On the other hand, output 2 should be always activated regardless of branch(jump) command of switch 2. 2) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below.
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Section
Input
Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
Comment
SWITCH_1
%IX0.0.1
Toggle Switch 1
SWITCH_2
%IX0.0.0
Toggle Switch 0
BRANCH_SWITCH
%IX0.0.2
Toggle Switch 2
OUTPUT_1
%QX0.2.1
Lamp L-1
OUTPUT_2
%QX0.2.0
Lamp L-2
Output
3) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and should be used separately for input and output. PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM and LAMP are connected to DC 24V(+).
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Creat a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 4) The figure below shows program that satisfies the above conditions using jump command.
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5) How to use jump command ① To use branch command, choose
in the pertinent program and then define
label. (Refer to subroutine command for information on comment and label.) ② As shown in the above example program, branch command directs the program to jump to the label instead of executing the program immediately after the branch command.
※ Branch(Jump) Command Branch command allows program to directly go to the location where it intends to branch to, and the destination is expressed as label. In a program that includes subroutine, jump within main program requires label within main program, and jump within subroutine requires label within subroutine. This command is used to distinguish main program, auxiliary program respectively, and to jump the program as well.
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows a case that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN(R) mode, and turn on switch 1 and switch 2 after executing branch switch, output 2 turns on. ② Once branch switch's contact point is activated, output 1 is not activated even if switch 1's contact point is activated by branching to the jump destination, labeled, jump. But output of output 1 is activated when there is no jump command, and if jump command is executed while output 1 is in action, then output is maintained even if switch 1's contact point turns off, and is controlled by switch 1 when jump command is released. Output of output 2 is activated by switch 2 regardless of jump command. ③ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
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2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
7. Differences between Subroutine and Jump
1) Subroutine is used after END of command. 2) Jump enables the program to jump to any location where it intends to branch to. 3) In case of branching, the program in between the location where branch command was issued and the location to jump to is not executed.
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Task 10
Program Practice using RETURN Command
1. Purpose of Experiment - Learn about return command(RETURN).
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic function of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand program termination.
4. Activating Condition 1) If switch 1's contact point is activated, output 1 is activated, and program terminates as it encounters [Return], output 2 outputted by switch 2's contact point that is the program after [Return] is not activated. 2) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below.
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Section
Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
SWITCH_1
%IX0.0.1
SWITCH_2
%IX0.0.0
OUTPUT_1
%QX0.2.1
Lamp L-1
OUTPUT_2
%QX0.2.0
Lamp L-2
Input
Comment Toggle Switch 1 Toggle Switch 0
Output
3) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and should be used separately for input and output. PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM and LAMP are connected to DC 24V.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 4) The figure below shows program that satisfies the above conditions using return command.
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5) How to use return command ① To use return command, choose
from the toolbox and press the left button of
mouse after placing cursor in the pertinent spot. Then the program following [Return] is not executed and terminates. (Shortcut +)
6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The above figure shows the following. When the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN(R) mode, and turn on switch 1, output 1 turns on. But the program after row 2 is not executed because it is terminated by [Return] command on row 2. Therefore even if switch 2 on row 3 is turned on, output 2 does not turn on. ② To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
in its right upper portion.
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2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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Task 11
Program Practice using Transmission(MOVE) Command
1. Purpose of Experiment - Learn about data movement using transmission command(MOVE).
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) 25pin Connection Cable ························ 2EA 5) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand data type. 2) One should be able to understand expression of antilogarithm and system of notation.
4. Activation Condition 1) Build a circuit in such a way that digital switch input is transmitted to %QW0.2.0 with switch 1 using MOVE command on DISPLAY, and inputted BCD values are separately transmitted to %QB0.3.0(LAMP 0 ~ LAMP 7) and %QB0.3.1(LAMP 8 ~ LAMP15), and the pertinent LAMP turns on. 2) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below.
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Section
Input
Variable Name
Memory Allocation
SWITCH_1
%IX0.1.15
SWITCH_2
%IX0.1.14
SWITCH_3
%IX0.1.13
DATA1
%QW0.2.0
DATA2
%QB0.3.0
Lamp 0~7
DATA3
%QB0.3.1
Lamp 8~15
Output
Comment Toggle Switch 2 Toggle Switch 1 Toggle Switch 0 OUT DISPLAY
3) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and should be used separately for input and output. PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM and LAMP are connected to DC 24V.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 4) The figure below shows program that satisfies the above conditions using MOVE.
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5) How to use MOVE command ① To use MOVE command, choose
from the toolbox and press the left button
of mouse after placing cursor in the pertinent spot. Then the Function menu shows up. Just like function block(used for timer and counter), function has a structure different from what applies to MASTER-K PLC. Function is a set of various commands used for PLC programming. ② To
use
MOVE
command,
choose
MOVE
from
Function
Selection
generate a syntax as below.(select function window appeared)
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③ MOVE has EN, ENO, IN1, and OUT as input/output structure. MOVE is a sort of function(easier to take it as a command) that has capability of copying data, and its structure is as follows. - EN: Input contact point to execute MOVE function - ENO: Output status of MOVE(BIT form) - IN1: Value to copy - OUT: Value to be copied * Variables related to IN1 and OUT should have the same data type. ④ Antilogarithm, system of notation, and data type are all important. - The meaning of 16#1111: Hexadecimal that has 16 bits ranged from the lowest bit to the highest bit consists of four bits (nybble concept). Which has 4 bits.
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-
A data expression, 16#1111H, is hexadecimal with the value, 1111. If it is repre sented as 4 parts(nybble unit), in which each has 4 bits(16 possibilities), %QX0.2.0, %QX0.2.4, %QX0.2.8, and %QX0.2.12 turn out to be ON, and rest bits are all OFF.
⑤ If the data is represented in terms of binary combination of ON/OFF, it would be 0001 0001 0001 0001 shown in the figure, and 1111H as a hexadecimal. (in 1111H, H means hexadecimal, and is omitted in actual programming.) ⑥ In addition, 16#FFFFH that is equivalent to 1111 1111 1111 1111 shows that all contact points(BIT) in between %QX0.2.0 and %QX0.2.15 turn out to be ON.
6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
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① The figure above shows that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN(R) mode, and turn on switch 1, 2, and 3, data 8421 is transmitted to DATA1(%QW0.2.0), DATA2(%QB0.3.0), and DATA3 (%QB0.3.1). (Outputs are controlled by each switch.) ② If 16#8421H is expressed as binary, it is (8)1000 (4)0100 (2)0010 (1)0001, and it means that output contact points at 0, 5, 10, 15 have lamp turned on. Then the data are transmitted by WORD and BYTE units, and 16#??21 is transmitted by switch 2, and 16#84?? by switch 3. As for data input, use digital switch for practice, and remove 25pin cable when push/toggle switches are used for input. ③ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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Motor's Upper/Lower Limit
Task 12
Linear Movement Circuit Practice
1. Purpose of Experiment 1) Understand motor's forward/reverse circuit pertaining to position control using PLC. 2) Learn about I/O(INPUT/OUTPUT) MAP of PLC. 3) Understand activating principle using limit switch. 4) Understand structure and principle of PLC TRAINER(ED-4260).
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand motor's start mechanism. 2) One should be able to understand basic Sequence control circuit. 3) One should be able to understand self-holding circuit. 4) One should be able to perform position control using limit switch. 5) One should be able to configure PLC I/O MAP.
4. Activating Condition 1)
Build
motor's
forward/reverse
circuit
by
detecting
the
positions
of
upper
limit(sensor-4) and lower limit(sensor-5) using limit switch when the appliance moves from side to side. 2) When start switch turns on, motor starts, and the appliance moves to the lower
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limit. But when the position is detected at the lower limit, motor moves to the upper limit, and when the position is detected at the upper limit, motor moves back to the lower limit causing repetitive operation. 3) If stop switch turns on during operation, motor stops. 4) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below.
Section
Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
Comment
START
%IX0.0.0
Push Switch S-2
STOP
%IX0.0.1
Push Switch S-3
LS01
%IX0.0.3
SENSOR-5
LS02
%IX0.0.2
SENSOR-4
OUT_20
%QX0.2.0
MOTOR-2 (+)
OUT_21
%QX0.2.1
MOTOR-2 (-)
OUT_30
%QX0.3.0
MOTOR-2 (-)
OUT_31
%QX0.3.1
MOTOR-2 (+)
Input
Output
5) PLC input power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM is connected to DC 24V(+). 6) PLC output power supply consists of DC 24V, and COM terminal of the number 2 slot(%Q0.2.0~%Q0.2.7) is connected to DC24V(+) while COM terminal of the number 3 slot(%Q0.3.0~%Q0.3.7) is connected to DC 0V(-). 7) %QX0.2.0 and %QX0.3.1 are connected to motor's (+)terminal, and %QX0.2.1 and %QX0.3.0 are connected to motor's (-)terminal. 8) Configuring PLC I/O MAP is a very important work. It is so because PLC I/O MAP estimates input/output point, and means control as well as input/output configuration.
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5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN. 2) Open the Project window and the Program window. 3) Write a program using normally open contact point, normally closed contact point, and output coil. 4) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 5) The figure below shows program that contains an example of motor's upper/lower limit linear movement circuit.
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abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The figure above shows that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN(R) mode, and turn on the number 0(%IX0.0.0) of START input slot "0", output OUT20(%QX0.2.0) and OUT30(%QX0.3.0) are activated to start motor. ② if one turns on START switch(%IX0.0.0), it is self-holded(latched) by M00, and M01 is activated, and motor moves to the lower limit position because output OUT20(%QX0.2.0) and OUT30(%QX0.3.0) are activated by M01. If LS01 is detected at the lower limit position, M01 is turned off, and M02 is activated, and motor moves to the upper limit position because output OUT21 (%QX0.2.1) and OUT31(%QX0.3.1) are activated. If LS02 is detected at the upper limit position, M02 is turned off, and M01 causes the appliance to move back to the lower limit position and repetitively operate until one presses STOP switch. ③ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
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2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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Task 13
Stepping Motor Circuit Practice using Timer
1. Purpose of Experiment 1) Understand stepping motor circuit pertaining to position control using PLC. 2) Learn about I/O(INPUT/OUTPUT) MAP of PLC. 3) Understand activating principle of sensor(contactless input element). 4) Understand structure and principle of PLC TRAINER(ED-4260).
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ······································ 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand activation mechanism of stepping motor. 2) One should be able to understand basic Sequence control circuit. 3) One should be able to understand timer circuit. 4) One should be able to understand sensor. 5) One should be able to configure PLC I/O MAP.
4. Activating Condition 1) Build a circuit in such a way that both START switch and STOP switch are used, and stepping motor stops at a designated position using sensor. 2) Build a circuit in such a way that when START switch turns on, stepping motor begins to rotate, and sensor stops it as its rotation reaches 360˚. 3) If STOP switch turns on during operation, stepping modor stops.
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4) PLC I/O MAP is configured as below.
Section
Indirect Variable Name
Input
I/O Assignment
Comment Push Switch S-2 Push Switch S-3
START
%IX0.0.0
STOP
%IX0.0.1
SN_1
%IX0.0.2
SENSOR-3
OUT_0
%QX0.2.0
MOTOR-3 (B)
OUT_1
%QX0.2.1
MOTOR-3 (A)
OUT_2
%QX0.2.2
MOTOR-3 (B1)
OUT_3
%QX0.2.3
MOTOR-3 (A1)
Output
5) PLC input power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V(-) while switch COM is connected to DC 24V(+). Use variable power supply DC 24V for output, and connect stepping motor's CT to (+), and PLC output COM terminal to (-). 6) Configuring PLC I/O MAP is a very important work. It is so because PLC I/O MAP estimates input/output point, and means control as well as input/output configuration.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN. 2) Open the Project window and the Program window. 3) Create a program using normally open contact point, normally closed
contact
point, output coil, negative transition sensing pulse, timer, etc. 4) Refer to the previous task concerning programming method. 5) The figure below shows program that contains an example of motor's rotational movement circuit.
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6. Execution of Program(using simulator) 1) To verify what was mentioned above, one uses a simulator, which is a characteristic of GLOFA to perform an experiment to check whether there is any abnormality in the circuit and its activation. (Refer to the figure.)
① The figure above shows that when the simulator is chosen to execute CPU with the RUN(R) mode, and turn on SN_1 as well as the number 0(%IX0.0.0) of START switch input slot "0", timer is activated, which repetitively activates OUT0, OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 in turn to let stepping motor rotate. Once SN_1 is activated, M06 is activated, and self-holding circuit is released to stop stepping motor. ② Stepping motor is stopped by STOP switch also. ③ To stop the simulator, just click shortcut
in its right upper portion.
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2) Connection Diagram with the Equipment
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Task 14
Advenced Practice I (Quiz Program Practice)
1. Purpose of Experiment - Develop application scope of PLC using various commands.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic function of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand how to represent data.
4. Activating Condition 1) In a quiz program, both a presider and participants show up. The presider casts a quiz for participants. A priority is given to the person who presses switch first, by which lamp turns on with a buzzer sound. Design a program suited to this scenario. (The lamp for the person who pressed switch first stays on until the presider releases it with a reset button, and buzzer sounds for a second only.) 2) Design a program with a configuration of PLC I/O MAP as below.
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Section
Indirect Variable Name
I/O Allocation
Comment
PARTICIPANT1
%IX0.0.0
Push Switch 0
PARTICIPANT2
%IX0.0.1
Push Switch 1
PARTICIPANT3
%IX0.0.2
Push Switch 2
PRESIDER
%IX0.0.3
Push Switch 3
BUZZER
%QX0.2.0
BUZZER (-)
PART_LAMP1
%QX0.2.1
LAMP 1
PART_LAMP2
%QX0.2.2
LAMP 2
PART_LAMP3
%QX0.2.3
LAMP 3
Input
Output
3) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V while switch COM and LAMP are connected to DC 24V.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning or PLC self-teaching guide for any programming help.
6. With the best use of monitoring and simulation, make a trial run to verify whether the program really works. (If the program does not work, then keep modifying it till completion.)
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LADDER DIAGRAM PROGRAM Department( Program Name:
) Year(
) Class(
) No.(
) Name(
Writing Date:
Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6 Row 7 Row 8 Row 9 Row 10 Row 11 Row 12 Row 13 Row 14 Row 15 Row 16 Row 17 Row 18
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Task 15
Advenced Practice II (Electronic Timer Program Practice)
1. Purpose of Experiment - Develop application scope of PLC using various commands.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic function of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand how to represent data.
4. Activating Condition 1) Try to make an electronic timer(stop watch) using DISPLAY of OUTPUT module. 2) If START switch turns ON, then timer is activated, and proceeding time value is outputted on DISPLAY. 3) If STOP switch turns ON, then timer stops. 4) If START switch is pressed, present value is initialized for repetitive execution. 5) Design a program with a configuration of PLC I/O MAP as below.
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Section
Indirect Variable Name
Memory Allocation
START
%IX0.0.0
STOP
%IX0.0.1
TIME
%QW0.2.0
Input
Output
Comment Push Switch S-2 Push Switch S-3 OUT DISPLAY
6) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V while switch COM and LAMP are connected to DC 24V.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning or PLC self-teaching guide for any programming help.
6. With the best use of monitoring and simulation, make a trial run to verify whether the program really works. (If the program does not work, then keep modifying it till completion.)
www.ed.co.kr
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
LADDER DIAGRAM PROGRAM Department( Program Name: Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6 Row 7 Row 8 Row 9 Row 10 Row 11 Row 12 Row 13 Row 14 Row 15 Row 16 Row 17 Row 18
www.ed.co.kr
) Year(
) Class(
) No.(
Writing Date:
) Name(
)
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Task 16
Advenced Practice III (Lamp Shift Lighting Program Practice)
1. Purpose of Experiment - Develop application scope of PLC using various commands.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic function of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand how to represent data.
4. Activating Condition 1) Build a circuit in such a way that if start switch turns ON, lamps of LAMP 0 through LAMP 15 turn on in order every second whereas they are initialized as soon as stop switch turns ON. 2) Design a program with a configuration of PLC I/O MAP as below. (Use indirect variable.)
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Section
Indirect Variable Name
Memory Allocation
START
%IX0.0.0
STOP
%IX0.0.1
LAMP0
%QX0.2.0
Push Switch S-2 Push Switch S-3 Lamp 0
LAMP1
%QX0.2.1
Lamp 1
:
:
:
LAMP14
%QX0.2.14
Lamp 14
LAMP15
%QX0.2.15
Lamp 15
Input
Output
Comment
3) Power supply consists of DC 24V, and PLC COM is connected to DC 0V while switch COM and LAMP are connected to DC 24V.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning or PLC self-teaching guide for any programming help.
6. With the best use of monitoring and simulation, make a trial run to verify whether the program really works. (If the program does not work, then keep modifying it till completion.)
www.ed.co.kr
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
LADDER DIAGRAM PROGRAM Department( Program Name:
) Year(
) Class(
) No.(
) Name(
Writing Date:
Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6 Row 7 Row 8 Row 9 Row 10 Row 11 Row 12 Row 13 Row 14 Row 15 Row 16 Row 17 Row 18
www.ed.co.kr
)
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Task 17
Advenced Practice IV (Timer External Control Program Practice I)
1. Purpose of Experiment - Develop application scope of PLC using various commands.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) 25pin Connection Cable ························ 2EA 5) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic function of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand how to represent data.
4. Activating Condition 1) Build a circuit in such a way that one inputs timer's preset value(TP) using digital switch, and when start switch turns ON, and then timer is activated, lamp turns on as timer reaches the preset value.
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Section
Indirect Variable Name
Memory Allocation
START
%IX0.0.0
PT
%IW0.1.0
LAMP
%QX0.3.0
Lamp L-1
DISPLAY
%QW0.2.0
DISPLAY OUT
Input
Output
Comment Toggle Switch 0 Digital Switch
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning or PLC self-teaching guide for any programming help.
6. With the best use of monitoring and simulation, make a trial run to verify whether the program really works. (If the program does not work, then keep modifying it till completion.)
www.ed.co.kr
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
www.ed.co.kr
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
LADDER DIAGRAM PROGRAM Department( Program Name:
) Year(
) Class(
) No.(
) Name(
Writing Date:
Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6 Row 7 Row 8 Row 9 Row 10 Row 11 Row 12 Row 13 Row 14 Row 15 Row 16 Row 17 Row 18
www.ed.co.kr
)
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Task 18
Advenced Practice V (Timer External Control Program Practice II)
1. Purpose of Experiment - Develop application scope of PLC using various commands.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic function of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand how to represent data.
4. Activating Condition 1) Build a circuit in such a way that if one inputs timer's preset value(TP) using digital input switch, and timer is activated as a result of turning on push button switch, timer's activation time value should be displayed using 7-segment. If timer's activation is completed, then lamp turns on. It is initialized by stop switch.
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning or PLC self-teaching guide for any programming help. www.ed.co.kr
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Section
Input
Indirect Variable Name
Memory Allocation
START
%IX0.0.0
STOP
%IX0.0.1
PT
%IW0.1.0
DIGITAL SW
ET
%QW0.2.0
OUT DISPLAY
LAMP0
%QX0.3.0
Lamp L-1
Comment Push Switch S-2 Push Switch S-3
Output
6. With the best use of monitoring and simulation, make a trial run to verify whether the program really works. (If the program does not work, then keep modifying it till completion.)
www.ed.co.kr
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
LADDER DIAGRAM PROGRAM Department( Program Name: Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6 Row 7 Row 8 Row 9 Row 10 Row 11 Row 12 Row 13 Row 14 Row 15 Row 16 Row 17 Row 18
www.ed.co.kr
) Year(
) Class(
) No.(
Writing Date:
) Name(
)
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Task 19
Advenced Practice VI (Die Program Practice)
1. Purpose of Experiment - Develop application scope of PLC using various commands(counter, MOVE). - Develop application scope of conversion of BCD code to decimal.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic function of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand how to represent data.
4. Activating Condition 1) Write a program using counter(TON), conversion function(INT_TO_BCD), and flag command 2) Build a die circuit in such a way that if START switch is pressed, then counter begins counting up to the preset value(PT) where counting restarts, and then if STOP switch is pressed, then counter should stop, and the present value of counter is displayed on OUTPUT DISPLAY. 3) Design in such a way that START switch should be pressed again to execute repetitively.
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning or PLC self-teaching guide for any programming help.
Section
Indirect Variable Name
Memory Allocation
START
%IX0.0.0
STOP
%IX0.0.1
DISPLAY
%QW0.2.0
Input
Output
Comment Push Switch S-2 Push Switch S-3 OUT DISPLAY
6. With the best use of monitoring and simulation, make a trial run to verify whether the program really works. (If the program does not work, then keep modifying it till completion.)
www.ed.co.kr
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
LADDER DIAGRAM PROGRAM Department( Program Name:
) Year(
) Class(
) No.(
) Name(
Writing Date:
Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6 Row 7 Row 8 Row 9 Row 10 Row 11 Row 12 Row 13 Row 14 Row 15 Row 16 Row 17 Row 18
www.ed.co.kr
)
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
Task 20
Advenced Practice VII (ONE-SHOT Circuit Practice using TP Timer)
1. Purpose of Experiment - Develop application scope of PLC using various function block commands. - Develop application scope using positive transition sensing coil contact point and negative transition coil.
2. Preparation 1) ED-4260 PLC TRAINER ······················ 1EA 2) PC(GMWIN installed) ··························· 1EA 3) RS-232 CABLE ····································· 1EA 4) Connection Cable ··································· 1SET
3. Related Knowledge 1) One should be able to understand basic function of PLC. 2) One should be able to understand how to represent data.
4. Activating Condition 1) Write a program using TP timer, positive transition sensing coil contact point, and negative transition sensing coil. 2) Design a circuit in such a way that if PB switch is pressed, then LAMP turns on, and then LAMP turns off in three seconds.
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PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
5. Program Practice 1) Execute GMWIN and open the Project window and the Program window. 2) Create a program using PLC I/O MAP. 3) Refer to the previous task concerning or PLC self-teaching guide for any b programming help.
Sectio n
Indirect Variable Name
Memory Allocation
Comment
Input
PB_SWITCH
%IX0.0.0
Push Switch S-2
Output
LAMP
%QW0.2.0
LAMP L-1
6. With the best use of monitoring and simulation, make a trial run to verify whether the program really works. (If the program does not work, then keep modifying it till completion.)
www.ed.co.kr
PLC Practice using ED-4260 Trainer
LADDER DIAGRAM PROGRAM Department( Program Name: Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6 Row 7 Row 8 Row 9 Row 10 Row 11 Row 12 Row 13 Row 14 Row 15 Row 16 Row 17 Row 18
www.ed.co.kr
) Year(
) Class(
) No.(
Writing Date:
) Name(
)
