Fort hefi r s tpar toft hefi r s te xper i ment :Magnet i cFi el dsandMagnet i cFor c e,we c a no bs e r v et h epa t t e r n so ra r r a ng eme nto ft hema gn et i cfi el dwi t ht h eu s eo fma gn et s and i r on fi l i ngs .We obs er v et hatt heunl i k epol esat t r ac tandl i k e pol esr epel s .The magnet i cfi el dsal s odonoti nt er s ec twi t heac hot her .Wec anal s os ayt hatt hemagnet i c fi el dl i nesar eal s oal wa y sgo i ngt ot heSout hPol ea ndal wa y sawa yf r om t heNor t hPol e. Fort hes ec ondp ar toft hee x per i mentund ert abl eat i t l ed:Magne t i cFor c ea nd Magne t i cFi e l d,wher et hev o l t age,s ett omax ,andc ur r ent ,at5Amps ,ar ec ons t antwe al soused SF 42 asourc ur r entl oop.We can see t hatast he numb mberofmagnet s i n c r e as e ,t hema gn etf o r c ea l s oi n cr e as e s .Wec a nt he ns e et h att h enu mb mb ero fma gn et s i spr opor t i onal t omagnet i cf or c e. Fo rt h es e c on dp ar to ft h ee x pe r i men tu n de rt a bl ebt i t l e d:Ma gn etFo r c ea nd Cur r ent ,wher et hev ol t ages ett omaxi scons t antandt hec ur r entwi l ls t ar tat0Amps t h eni n c r e as e dwi t h0 . 5A i n c r e me me nt sun t i l5Amp swea l s ou s edSF4 2a so urc u r r e nt l o op.Wec ans eet hatast heampl i t udeorc ur r enti nc r eas est hemagne t i cf or c eal s o i nc r eas es .Wec ant hens eet hatt hec ur r enti spr opor t i onal t ot hemagnet i cf or c e. Fort hes ec ondpar toft hee x per i mentu ndert abl ect i t l ed:Magne t i cFor c eand L en gt ho fCu r r en tL oop ,wh er et h ev o l t a gei ss ett oma xa ndt hec ur r en ts e ta t2a mp mp s. Wec ans eet hatt hel ongert hel engt hoft hec ur r entl oop,t hehi ghert hemagnet i cf or c e. Wec ant hens eet hatt hel engt hoft hec ur r entl oopi spr opor t i onal t ot hemagnet i cf or c e. Fort hes ec ondp ar toft hee x per i mentund ert abl edt i t l ed:Magne t i cFor c ea nd Or i e nt at i o no fCo i l ,wh er ewes e tt h ev o l t a get oma xi mu ma ndt h ec ur r e nta t2ampsat mos t .Fr om t hi se x per i ment ,wec anobs er v et hati fwer o t at et hec oi lc l oc k wi s et he r es ul t i ngmagnet i cf or c ewi l lbepos i t i v eandi fwer ot at ei tc ount er c l oc kwi s ei twi l lbe n eg at i v e .Wec anal s oo bs e r v et h atast hea ng l ei n c r e as e ss od ot h ema gn i t u deo ft h e magne t i cf or c eal s oi nc r eas es .Wec ant hens eet hatt hean gl ei spr op or t i onalt ot he magni t udeoft hemag ne t i cf or c e. Ther ear eamul t i t udeofpos s i bl es our c esofer r orf ort hi se xp er i ment .On e of t hes epos s i bl es our c esi st hec ons t antc hangi ngofc ur r ent si nt hepowers uppl y .Si nc e
t he i ns t r umenti sv er ys ens i t i v et he c ur r entc an al s oc hange eas i l y .T he di s t anc e bet weent hewi r esandt hemagnet sc oul dal s oaff ec tt her es ul t soft hee xper i menti ft he y wer en otp r o pe r l yp l a ce do rn ota r r a nge dun i f or ml y .Thea r r an ge men to ft h emag ne t s c oul dal s oaffec tt hey i el doft heex per i ment s .
Co n c l u s i o n
Ther e ar et hr ee obj ec t i v esf ort hi se x per i mentfi r s ti st os t udy t he n at ur e of magnet i cfi el dsar oundt hepol esoft hemagnet ,t hes ec ondobj ec t i v ei st odet er mi net he magni t udeofmagnet i cf or c eonac ur r ent c ar r y i ngwi r eandt hel as tobj ec t i v ei st os t udy t henat ur eoft henat ur eoft her el at i ons hi psbet weenmagnet i cf or c eandmagnet i cfiel d, c ur r ent ,l engt handor i ent at i onofc ur r entc ar r y i ngwi r e.Wewer eabl et oac compl i s ht he fi r s tobj ec t i v ewi t ht heus eofmagnet sandi r onfi l i ngs .Thes ec ondobj ec t i v eandt hi r d obj ec t i v ebyt heus eofv ar i ousi ns t r ument sl i k et hec ur r entbal anc e. Wi t ht heus eofo ury i el dsi noure x per i ment s ,wes af el yc onc l udet hatun l i k e pol esat t r ac teac hot herandl i k epol esr epeleac hot her .Thi si sal s obas edont hefi r s t l a wo fma gn et i s m.Wec a na l s os a f e l yc o nc l u det h ed i r e c t i o no ft h e ma gn et i cfi e l di s a l wa y st o wa r dt h es o ut hp ol ean da wa yf r o mt h en or t hpo l e .Wec a na l s oo bs er v ef r o m t he y i el dsofoure x per i mentt hatast he n umbero fmagne t s ,c ur r ent ,l engt h oft he c u r r e ntl o op ,a n da ng l ei n cr e as es ,s od ot hema gn et i cf or c ei n cr e as e s .Wec a nt h en t her ef or es af el yc onc l ud et hatt henumbero fma gne t s ,c u r r ent ,l engt hoft hec ur r ent l o op,and angl ei sdi r ec t l ypr opor t i o nalt ot he magne tf or c e.We a l s oc on v er t ed t he magnet i cf or ce i n gr ams t o magnet i c f or ce i n Newt ons usi ng t he equat i on Magnetic Force ∈ grams x
1 kg 1000 g
2
x 9.8 m / s .
Thefi r s te xper i mentt i t l edMagnet i cFi el dsandMagnet i cFor c ec anbeappl i edi n ourdai l yl i f e.Oneoft hepr ac t i c al appl i c at i onsoft hi sconc epti sac ompas s.Ac ompas s i sani ns t r umentus edf ornav i gat i onandor i ent at i ont hats howsdi r ec t i onr el at i v et ot he g eo gr a phi cpo i n t s .Th ec omp as swor k sb yh owan or t h s o ut hb arma gn ete x er t se x ac t l y
t hes ames or tofmagnet i cfiel dasas ol enoi d.Anot herpr ac t i c al appl i c at i onof Ma gn e t i s mi st h eMRIMa c h i n eo raMa gn e t i cRe s o na nc eI ma gi n g.MRIMa c h i n e sar e us edbydoc t or st omak ei nt ens i v edi agnos eswi t houti nv adi ngt hepat i ent ’ sbody . MRI oper at esbyac t i v at i ngamagnet i cfi el dwhi c hc aus esat omswi t hi nt hepat i ent ’ sbodyt o s pi natpr ec i s ef r equenc i es .TheMRImac hi net henbeamst her adi os i gnal att he f r equenc ymat c hi ngt heat oms .Thent her adi os i gnal sar et hens hutofft hent heener gy i nt heat omsf r om t her adi os i gnal wi l l t henbur s t .Thenac omput ers c anst hebodyf or t hef r equenc yt hent r ans l at et hos ei nt oa3di magesf ort heus eoft hedoc t or sf ort hei r di agnos i s .
