23
23
Q12
Q11
Q10
Q9
Q11
Q1
Chapter 1
The Problem and Its Background
Introduction
Drug addiction is not only a domestic problem but also a worldwide issue. Its rapid increase from being the cause and effect of the problem is one of the main reasons of the unstable and slow development of the country. Rampant consumption of illegal drugs and criminal acts related to drug addiction are some of the major problems faced by the Philippine society.
The Philippine government is fully aware of the menacingly increasing cases of drug abuse within the country; thus, it has been very rigid in the fight against the cause. Different anti-drug laws, agencies and campaigns are created by the government to address drug abuse. Republic Act 9165, otherwise known as the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, was promulgated by the Philippine Government to safeguard its citizen from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs. To ensure a more efficient implementation of the said act, it has provided the local government units with authority to formulate, enact and implement programs to control the increase of drug abuse within their locality.
To guarantee a more effective implementation and enforcement of this Act to all the localities, a campaign is made to ensure its successful enforcement and implementation. The Drug Prevention Campaign Program is one of the programs of the national and local government in fighting against the drug dependency among all the levels of society. This program will be effective if the government will respond to the needs of the community and if it will incorporate strong monitoring and evaluating components in enforcing the campaign. Drug Prevention Campaign efforts typically focus on minors – children and teens. This campaign aims to reduce the motivation of the individuals to use illicit drugs by increasing their knowledge about the potential negative consequences of drug use.
According to Ina Hernando Malipot (2011), drug Prevention Campaign in the Philippines was designed to contribute in the reduction on intake of illicit drugs among all sectors of society by raising the public's awareness and participation. The program is designed to educate the public of the different kinds of illegal drugs and issues associated with it. The campaign commonly uses primary preventive communication through advertising, public relations and promotions, resource development, and online communication activities.
The researchers chose Las Piñas City as the local government unit to conduct an assessment of its citizens' perception towards the drug prevention campaign implemented within its jurisdiction. The perception of the citizens towards a specific program or campaign of a local government is vital to its success.
Government's efforts would not be effective without the help and the cooperation of the people in the community. For generations, the community has served a vital role in terms of offering camaraderie and of acting as a support system of the government. The idea of community may simply come down to supporting and interacting positively with other individuals who share similar interests. Community involvement is a very important aspect of development for any community no matter what the size is. Through community support and involvement, assessment and understanding the needs of the population will be much easier. It provides a forum for the public to be informed and encourage them to actively be involved in decision making that may ultimately affect their community.
Every government program to be successful demands the participation of its citizens. This study aims to determine the impact of citizen's perception on decision making taken up by the local government in relation to drug prevention campaign. The researchers measured the perception of the citizens in order to determine whether positive feedback is an indicator of effectiveness or if negative feedback is indicative of program failure.
According to Section 51, Article 7 of Republic Act 9165, Local Government Units Assistance, local government units shall appropriate a substantial portion of their respective annual budgets to assist in or enhance the enforcement of this Act, giving priority to preventive or educational programs and rehabilitation or treatment of drug dependents.
This paper looked into how the citizens of Las Piñas City perceive the Drug Prevention Campaign being implemented by their Local Government Unit, more particularly the action taken by the local police and other task force created for the purpose.
Conceptual Framework
Fig. 1 - This figure shows the importance of citizen's participation in influencing public decision.
The City Government of Las Piñas, in coordination with the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA), exerts its effort to prevent drug addiction as well as other related crimes within its jurisdiction. Like all other local government units, it aims to protect its citizens from the various implications of illegal drugs.
Republic Act 9165, otherwise known as the Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, has been enacted to protect the society from the harmful effects of using and even selling illegal drugs. Thus, it prevents or reduces the massive supply and demand of these dangerous drugs.
Being the implementing arm of the Dangerous Drugs Board, RA 9165 authorizes PDEA to conduct arrests, search and seizures and all other acts in accordance with the law. The law enforcers of the local government should work hand in hand with the said Board.
In line with the problem at hand, the researchers of the study attempted to find out the current status of the drug prevention campaign of the law enforcers and the local government in the City of Las Piñas and also the response of the community in supporting campaign of their local government officials.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the status of the drug prevention campaign implemented by the City of Las Piñas and its law enforcers and the receptiveness of the citizens in participating to the local government's campaigns and programs.
Specifically, this study attempts to find the answers to the following questions:
1. What is the current status of drug related crimes in the City of Las Piñas?
2. What is the present condition of Las Piñas City's campaign against drug addiction?
3. What actions are taken by the local government of Las Piñas and its law enforcement unit to prevent drug addiction or abuse?
4. In what ways does the community show its support in participating to the local government's campaign against drug addiction?
5. How effective is the drug prevention campaign program of Las Piñas City in controlling and reducing the menacingly increasing number of drug dependents?
Assumptions
1. The local government of Las Piñas City is able to lessen, if not fully stub out instances of drug-related crimes within its jurisdiction.
2. Las Piñas City is successful with their campaign against drug addiction and was able to establish a drug-free community.
3. The local government and its law enforcers implement and disseminate the programs in relation to Republic Act 9165 to reduce and prevent the massive increase of drug abuse in Las Piñas City.
4. The residents are aware and they are participating in the programs of the local government and its law enforcement units in the campaign against drug abuse.
5. The local government of Las Piñas City effectively implements the drug prevention campaign program within its jurisdiction in terms of controlling or reducing the number of drug dependence.
Scope and Delimitation
The researchers focused on the inquiry about the perception of the citizens in relation to the effectiveness of the drug prevention campaign implemented within the local government of Las Piñas City. The researchers started formulating their study from the month of December 2011 and ended May 2012. The researchers conducted surveys to the residents and interviews with different local officials of the local government unit. The survey done was limited to 30 respondents from each of the 10 randomly selected barangays within Las Piñas City.
Significance of the Study
This study will benefit the following:
Local government and law enforcement of Las Pinas City- This will help the local government of Las Piñas determine whether the projects and programs that are currently implemented in their locality are effective in eradicating or, at least, in lessening the problems of illegal drugs in their community.
Parents. This will help them realize that they shall be primarily responsible for the education and awareness of the family members on the ill effects of dangerous drugs and to closely monitor the family members who may be susceptible to drug abuse.
Youth. This will aid them to understand and become more aware of the negative implications of using illegal drugs not only to their health but to their future. The said awareness will hinder them from becoming drug users.
Future Researchers. This will help encourage other researchers to conduct further studies in line with the implementation and effectiveness of the said law not only in Las Piñas City but in other places in the Philippines.
Definition of Terms
Board or DBB. refers to the Dangerous Drugs Board under Section 77, Article IX of Republic Act 9165.
Dangerous Drugs. any chemical or biological substance consumed to alter one's mental and physical status and thus identified and prohibited by law.
Drug Dependence. based on the World Health Organization definition, it is a cluster of physiological, behavioral and cognitive phenomena of variable intensity, in which the use of psychoactive drug takes on a high priority thereby involving, among others, a strong desire or a sense of compulsion to take the substance and the difficulties in substance-taking behavior in terms of its onset, termination or levels of use.
PDEA. refers to the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency under Article IX, Section 82 of Republic Act 9165.
Pusher. any person who sells, trades, administers, dispenses, delivers or gives away to another or any term, whatsoever, or distributes, dispatches in transit or transports dangerous drugs or who acts as a broker in any of such transactions in violation of the law.
Rehabilitation Center. any of the treatment and rehabilitation centers which administer the treatment, after-care and follow-up treatment of drug dependents. It includes institutions, agencies and the like whose purpose are: the development of skills, arts, and technical know-how; counseling; and/or inculcating civic, social, and moral values to drug patients, with the aim of weaning them from dangerous drugs and keeping them drug-free, adapted to their families and peers, and readjusted into the community as law abiding, useful and productive citizens.
Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature
This chapter includes gathered information from books, journals, periodicals and other on-line references which provided the researchers with facts and data used to support their claims in this study.
Foreign Literature
According to Fercsey (1993), drug abuse is rife in many countries. Billions of dollars are spent in preventing drug abuse and its proliferation. Drug abuse is not only a domestic problem, but also a worldwide issue. It has caused many different problems across all the levels of society.
Drug Education is teaching and communicating to help people avoid harm caused by the abuse of various drugs (Wilson & Kolander, 2011). Drug Education is usually done with young people in schools and it is also taught in some communities both the young and the old.
According to Horman and Fox (1970), one of the greatest difficulties in discussing drugs is the lack of understanding of the terminology used. Substances with abuse potential range from simple kitchen spices through common flowers and weeds to highly sophisticated drugs. All these substances may be divided into five categories: 1) narcotics, 2) sedatives, 3) tranquilizers, 4) stimulants, and 5) hallucinogens.
Medically defined, narcotics are drugs which produce insensibility or stupor due to their depressant effect on the central nervous system. Included in this definition are opium, opium derivatives (morphine, codeine, and heroin) and synthetic opiates (meperidine, methadone). As regulated by Federal Narcotics Law, the term "narcotics" also embraces the coca leaf and its derivative, cocaine. Pharmacologically, this drug is a stimulant, not a depressant, but for law enforcement purposes it is considered a narcotic. All other drugs susceptible to abuse are non-narcotics.
According to Hanson and Venturelli (2008), many people think that today's problems with drug use and abuse are unique to this era. As one reads about ancient culture, however, one realizes that drug use has always been part of human history. For example, the Grecian oracles of Delphi used drugs, Homer's Cup of Helen induced sleep and provided freedom from care, and mandrake root supplied hallucinogenic belladonna compounds.
There are numerous descriptions in ancient literature of the use of mushrooms, datura, hemp, marijuana, opium poppies, and so on. Under the influence of some of these, drugs many people experience extreme ecstasy or terror. Some old pictures of demons and devils look very much like those described by modern drug users during so-called "bummers" or bad trips, Witches' beliefs that they could fly may have been drug induced because many of the natural preparations used in "witches' brews" induced the sensation of dissociation from the body – in other words, flying or floating.
Some drug use can lead to attempts to regulate it legally. For instances, problem drinking is addressed in the Code of Hammurabi (2240 B.C.) and is described as a problem of men with too much leisure time and lazy dispositions. Nearly every culture has a part of its historical record laws controlling the use of a wide range of drugs, including tobacco.
According to the book of Philip Bean (2008), for centuries many people and institutions have made efforts to limit the use and abuse of various drugs, mostly in the form of legal sanctions and restrictions enforced by governments. However, as democracy has proliferated, an increasing reliance on voluntary limits to promote education is called for. This is not to say that government controls are not widely implemented-a look at U.S. government spending patterns shows otherwise – but it is to say that drugs education has developed into a movement and an industry over the last 40 years.
Paradoxically, the success of the prevention efforts led to public apathy. Politicians and other leaders took the cue and put drug abuse prevention on the back burner of policy formation and executive action. At the same time, violence, health care reform, welfare reform, and economic issues generated consternation and contentions debate. It is ironic that alcohol, tobacco and other drug abuse have ties to all of those issues, but somehow apathy remains widespread.
This comprehensive approach has led to more awareness of the multiple causative factors of violence, such as poverty, unemployment, the easy availability of firearms, the breakdown of the family, TV and media presentations of violence, and, of course, drugs. All of these issues must be addressed if we are to have an impact on violent crime. Our interest here is particularly on drugs.
Drugs are linked to crime in three ways. First, drug addicts commit crimes to support their illegal drug habits. These crimes are usually against property, such as shoplifting, purse snatching, burglary – and money is the object. These addicts may become violent if a situation escalates, but violence is not their intent. This type of crime has been the unintended result of government drug policies. This conclusion is tempered by the fact that addicts are involved in more crime than non-addicts, prior to the onset of drug abuse. The second connection between drugs and crime is the violence associated with the drugs trade. Potential profits are great, and those involved lack moral constraints against violence, so assault and homicide, are ordinary business practices. This connection was seen during the Prohibition Era when organized crime tried to supply the nation's thirst for alcohol. Drug trade violence has been with all illegal drugs, including marijuana, amphetamines, heroin and cocaine. During the 1980s, crack cocaine came on the scene, and this drug, in particular, was associated with the most excessive and vicious crime and violence – "drive-by shootings" became a common phrase. The third relationship between drugs and crime is a pharmacological one. Consumers of mind-altering drugs can become "irrational, excited, agitated or unable to control their anger and violent impulses.
Foreign Studies
The purpose of the study made by Mary Ann Pentz and Guneet Kaur Jasuja (2006) "Translation in Tobacco and Drug Abuse Prevention Research", is to describe the translation of research on tobacco and drug abuse prevention from basic science to program development to large-scale program dissemination, and from animal to human studies. Relevant continuity of translation is discussed by referring to two variables that have been studied for their potential relationship to drug use risk in both animals and humans: sensation and novelty seeking and low impulse control. Review of the research indicates relatively slow translation until the early 1990s. The authors recommend several mechanisms to promote more rapid translation across types of research that encourage reciprocal rather than unidirectional transmission of knowledge to expedite the development and diffusion of more timely, targeted drug abuse prevention programs.
Local Literature
According to Llamas (2009), to enhance a quick and comprehensible study of the Dangerous Drugs Act and its application is simply by requiring much effort in understanding the penalties to be imposed for a particular drug or group of drugs. The purpose of law enforcement and of the institution and prosecution of criminal cases and other related proceedings in this Act will not be enough because when you put the law in motion, this will require a basic or working knowledge of pertinent provisions of the rules of criminal procedure and evidence. It is in the non-observance of these legal procedures or rules that criminal cases are sometimes dismissed although the evidence against an accused is strong.
To provide a comprehensive knowledge of the Dangerous Drugs Act and how it works for those presently engaged, or in the future, may engage in the business or profession of law enforcement or related works. The author has incorporated into this book a discussion of topics that include basic rules of criminal procedure and evidence, law enforcement methods and pertinent judicial precedents.
The subject of the Dangerous Drugs Act is crucial in addressing the problems on illegal drugs. It is, therefore, a must for everybody, especially public officers engaged in law enforcement and related works, lawyers, prosecutors and judges, to be well informed about the different facets concerning dangerous drugs; their sources; manner of preparation and use; how they work and affect users; what physical signs to watch out that will indicate drug, use, abuse or addiction.
Local Studies
The undergraduate thesis made by Canding, Cortez and Metrillo entitled "Assessment of the Local Government Response to Drug Addiction in the Municipality of Dasmariñas, Cavite 1994 -1998" found out that the local government of Dasmariñas has programs for their anti-drug campaign such as the creation of the Municipal Physical Fitness and Sports Development Council (MPFDC). In this study, the citizens of Dasmariñas affirmed that they are aware of the program regarding preventive education and information found in newspapers. However, the citizens are not aware of the said program of the Local Government of Municipality of Dasmariñas because of some reasons such as lack of funds, poor implementation and lack of participation from the community.
Chapter 3
Methodology
This part contains discussions about the method used, sources of data, data instruments and respondents.
Research Method and Design
The research design used in the study is the Mixed Method of research. According to Creswell (2012), Mixed Method of Research approaches the inquiry of the combination and association of both qualitative and quantitative forms of research. It involves philosophical assumptions that guide the direction of the collection and analysis of data and the mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches in many phases in the research process. It focuses on collecting, analyzing and data mixing of both quantitative and qualitative data in a single study or series of studies. Its central premise is that the use of quantitative and qualitative approaches in combination provides a better understanding of research problems than either approach alone. According to the definition, mixed method of research involves both collecting and analyzing qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data includes closed-ended information such as those found on attitude, behavior or performance instruments. In contrast, qualitative data consists of open-ended information that the researcher gathers through interviews with participants. The general, open-ended questions asked during these interviews allow the participants to supply answers in their own words. The researchers conducted surveys and interviews with persons of authority over data regarding the topic.
Sources of Data
The monthly reports of the drug abuse cases and the drug abuse crime related incidents from January 2011 to April 2012 were taken from the Philippine National Police Station of Las Piñas City. For topics related to education, information dissemination, creation and implementation of programs in relation to drug prevention campaign of the locality, the researchers conducted an interview with the Las Piñas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council representatives and personnel. The procedure of assessment, recommendation and acceptance for rehabilitation of drug dependents were gathered from the Las Piñas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council, Rehabilitation Division. Furthermore, the researchers also conducted interviews with officials of different agencies of the government. The information gathered from the said interviews were vital in the completion of this study. The names of the said interviewees are provided for in the next item.
Data Instruments
Survey. The researchers conducted a survey with randomly selected residents of Las Piñas City with 30 respondents for each of the 10 barangay. This was done to help the researchers establish a background on the perception of the citizens regarding the programs created, implemented, and enforcement of the Act by the Las Piñas City Anti-Drugs Abuse Council and the Local Police Force. Moreover, the researchers had the opportunity to gauge the effectiveness and efficiency of the Las Piñas City Anti-Drugs Abuse Council and the Las Piñas City Police Department campaign through the citizen's response in the survey.
The researchers conducted an interview with Mrs. Malou Cubol, the technical assistant of Hon. Oscar C. Peña (incumbent City Councilor of Las Piñas) about the budget and funding of the Anti-Drug Abuse Council. The researchers also conducted an interview with Mrs. Mariz Castillo, Las Piñas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council staff, Rehabilitation Division, regarding the recommendation, assessment and acceptance for rehabilitation process of drug dependents. To be able to acquire data about the role of the local government in education and distribution of information regarding the drug prevention campaign of the locality, the researchers interviewed Mr. Andres D. Pedro, Technical Assistant for Education of Office of the Mayor. In relation to the number of felons caught per month on crimes related to drug abuse and the measures taken up by the law enforcers of Las Piñas City, the researchers interviewed Police Senior Superintendent Romulo Sapitula, Chief of Police of Las Piñas City.
Respondents
Las Piñas City is divided into 20 barangays. These barangays are grouped into two legislative districts, each with its own set of representatives in the city council. All captains of the barangays in Las Piñas City, being on the front line and having a direct hand over the problem of the populace, were considered as respondents. The researchers conducted the survey in 10 randomly selected barangays with 30 respondents each, all of whom are residents thereof.
Chapter 4
Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of Data
This chapter shows the results of the survey, interview and other important data relevant to the study of the researchers in line with the perceptions of the citizens of Las Piñas City regarding the drug prevention campaign of the City Government of Las Piñas and its law enforcers.
STATEMENT 1: What is the current status of drug related crimes in the City of Las Piñas?
To answer this particular problem, the researchers conducted a survey regarding the perception of the citizens towards the drug prevention campaign of Las Piñas City. Respondents were asked to rate the given statements from 1 to 6, 1 being the lowest, meaning strongly disagree; and 6 as the highest, meaning strongly agree. The respondents were asked to check the corresponding numbers as to how they believe the local government unit effectively implements the law. Thirty respondents for each of the ten randomly selected barangay were asked to answer the questionnaire with twelve statements.
The researchers believe that the pulse of the people can be considered as a reliable source of information regarding the efficiency of the local government unit. It can be used as a tool for assessment and evaluation on the part of both the researchers and the target of the research.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig. 1. The local government and the law enforcers of Las Pinas City oversee the implementation and execution of R.A. 9165, otherwise known as the Comprehensive Dangerous Act of 2002, effectively in their locality.
The graph illustrates that the citizens of Las Pinas City moderately agreed with statement number 8 on the survey questionnaire. It can be seen that 24% of the respondents believe that the Local Government of Las Pinas City oversees the implementation and execution of R.A. 9165.
The researchers conducted an interview with the Chief of Police of Las Pinas City regarding the implementation and execution of R.A. 9165 in order to support the result of the survey question number 8. According to Chief of Police Romulo E. Sapitula of Las Piñas City, there is no rampant distribution of illegal drugs within his jurisdiction. Mr. Sapitula stated that drug selling and purchase within Las Piñas City is at street-level-pushing only. Chief of Police Romulo Sapitula provided the researchers with a list of numbers of felons caught per month in crimes related to illegal drugs from January 2011 to April of 2012. The data included those felons caught in possession of illegal drugs, drug-pushing, keeping of den or laboratory used for manufacturing or reproducing of illegal drugs, and those caught in participation or harboring of criminals charged or suspected of violating the Republic Act 9165 otherwise known as Comprehensive Dangerous Act of 2002.
2011
January
11
February
12
March
22
April
14
May
7
June
8
July
17
August
17
September
14
October
11
November
5
December
3
TOTAL : 141
2012
January
12
February
12
March
17
April
6
TOTAL : 47
Fig.2. Number of criminals caught per month on crimes related to illegal drugs.
The statement of Chief of Police Romulo E. Sapitula, together with the table presenting the number of criminals caught per month on crimes related to illegal drugs, provides an assumption that the Local Government of Las Piñas City and its Law Enforcers efficiently oversee the implementation of the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002.
The researchers affirm the statement above mentioned with the survey question no. 8 receiving a positive outcome of 3.98 as its mean, which has a verbal interpretation of moderately agree. This only proves that the Local Government of Las Pinas City receives the confidence of its citizens with regard to the fight against illegal drugs.
STATEMENT 2: What is the present condition of Las Pinas City's campaign against drug addiction?
To address this problem, the researchers hereby present two statements from the survey questionnaire, including the result of the answers of the respondents thereof, which would provide a clear view on the present condition of the drug prevention campaign in Las Pinas City.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.3. The local government of Las Piñas City allocates a substantial budget for rehabilitation, enforcement and implementation of programs related to drug prevention campaign.
Figure 3 shows that 29% of the respondents strongly agreed with the statement that the local government allocates a substantial budget for rehabilitation, enforcement and implementation of programs related to drug prevention campaign. Only 17% of the total respondent answered with a negative perception about the statement.
According to Section 51, Article VII – Local Governments Units Assistance, local government units shall appropriate substantial portion of their respective annual budgets to assist in or enhance the enforcement of the Act giving priority to preventive or educational programs and the rehabilitation or treatment of drug dependents. Another provision of the Act related to it is Section 87, Article X of Republic Act 9165 – Appropriations.The amount necessary for the operation of the Board and the PDEA shall be charged against the current year's appropriations of the Board, the National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention Coordinating Center, the Narcotics Group of the PNP, the Narcotics Division of the NBI and other drug abuse units of the different law enforcement agencies integrated into the PDEA in order to carry out the provisions of R.A. 9165.
However, in an interview with Mrs. Malou Cubol, Technical Assistant for Las Piñas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council, she explained that there has been no specific budget allocated for the LPC-ADAC since 2009. Mrs. Cubol said that budget used for programs created and implemented by LPC-ADAC is requested from the Office of the Mayor and as she stated is "requested as-per-program".
Based on the same interview, the researchers found out that Las Piñas City is not able to abide with the provisions stated in the Republic Act 9165. Las Piñas City's Anti-Drug Abuse Council does not have its own budget, therefore making it difficult for it to create and implement Republic Act 9165 otherwise known as Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002.
Having a contradictory result between the survey and the interview, the researchers, after in depth internalization and evaluation, came up with an inference that the positive outlook of the citizens being surveyed is only an assumption to the topic at hand and not as clear evidence of abidance. This does not excuse the local government from not conforming to the provisions of the law.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.4. The local government of Las Piñas City conducts studies, program monitoring and evaluations and other researches on drug prevention, control and enforcement.
The statement provided is based on the provisions of the Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002. This provision discusses about the need, importance and functions of having such programs and institutions within a locality. Survey question number 10 received a positive feedback, therefore providing an assumption that the citizens of Las Pinas City witness and experience such programs, researches, and studies in relation to drug prevention campaign.
According to Article 4, Section 46 of Republic Act 9165 and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations, the Special Drug Education Center develops and implements a drug abuse prevention programs such as community information and educational activities on the ill effects of drug abuse, literacy programs, skills and livelihood activities, among others, for out-of-school youth, street children and their parents; and conducts life skills and leadership training, peer counseling and values education towards the promotion of a positive lifestyle. Such center which shall be headed by the Provincial Social Welfare Development Officer shall sponsor drug prevention programs and activities and information campaigns with the end in view of educating the out-of-school youth and street children regarding the pernicious effects of drug abuse. The programs initiated by the Center shall, likewise, be adopted in all public and private orphanage and existing special centers for street children.
The provisions of Section 46, Article IV of the Republic Act 9165 also make mention about each province or city having one of these Special Drug Education Centers. However, in an interview by the researchers to the concerned personnel of the Las Piñas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council, they were unable to determine the existence of such center within their locality. The researchers also asked for a list of programs and copies of researches and studies conducted within and for the locality, but the LPC-ADAC was not able to provide any of those mentioned.
With the information at hand, the researchers believe that even if there is a positive outcome regarding survey question number 10, the Local Government of Las Piñas City cannot fully disclose the issue on their non abidance to the provisions of Republic Act 9165.
STATEMENT 3: What actions are taken by the local government of Las Piñas and its law enforcement unit to prevent drug addiction or abuse?
In line with this problem, survey question numbers 1, 4, and 11 were used to explain the actions taken by the local government of Las Pinas City. The following statements provide for a background on what the citizens of Las Pinas City think about the programs being implemented and the rehabilitation and treatment of drug dependents in their locality.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.5. Information, seminar and forums are conducted by the local government of Las Piñas City regarding the prevention of drug abuse within the locality.
Based on the result of the survey question number 4, the citizens of Las Pinas City strongly agreed with the statement herein mentioned. This provided the researchers an assumption that the local government conducts seminars and forums intended for both the constituents and the law enforcers within the locality.
In an interview with Mrs. Malou Cubol, the researchers asked if there had been any recent forums, seminars or information dissemination conducted by the local government and attended by its constituents. She was not able to mention any recent forum or seminar and added that it has been a long time since they last conducted such.
Paragraph (g) Section 81, Article IX of Republic Act 9165 – Powers and Duties of the Board - states that the Board shall design special trainings in order to provide law enforcement officers, members of the judiciary, prosecutors, school authorities, and personnel of centers with knowledge and know-how in dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals control in coordination with the Supreme Court to meet the objectives of the national drug control programs.
In April 11, 2011, the Las Piñas Police Department conducted a seminar on R.A. 9165 otherwise known as Comprehensive Dangerous Act of 2002. It was attended by all the members of the police department. The seminar was initiated by Mr. Arnold S. Alabastro, Division Head of Anti-Drug Enforcement of Las Piñas City, and was conducted by representatives from Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) and Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA). Mr. Alabastro pointed out that this seminar aimed to educate everyone in his department of the provisions of R.A. 9165.
The above information proves that the Local Law Enforcement Agency of Las Piñas City conducts information, seminars and forums regarding the Drug Prevention Campaign of the Local Government, which is in accordance with the provisions of the Law. It is in contrary to the first inference whereby the local government was not able to provide the researchers with proof of any recent forums, seminars or information dissemination programs conducted and intended for the constituents as its participants.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.6. The local government of Las Piñas provides worthwhile programs, such as but not limited to sports activities, to prevent the youth from using illegal drugs.
Fig. 6 shows that the citizens of Las Piñas City, based on the result of the survey, believe that there are programs created and implemented by the local government. Though when asked to give some examples of the programs that have already been created or implemented other than sports activities, the respondents were unable to provide such answers.
With a positive feedback in terms of the survey, the Local Government of Las Piñas City may have been providing its citizens worthwhile programs such as but not limited to sports activities in order to prevent the youth from using illegal drugs. The researchers asked Mrs. Malou Cubol, Technical Assistant of Hon. Oscar C. Pena, if there have been any recent programs created and implemented by the Council other than sports activities in relation to the Drug Prevention Campaign of the Local Government. Mrs. Cubol answered that there have been no other programs, other than sports activities, created and implemented by the Las Piñas City-Anti Drug Abuse Council, It proves that the local government of Las Pinas City is not able to comply with the provisions of the law regarding the implementation of worthwhile activities other than sports.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.7. The Local Government of Las Piñas City provides programs for rehabilitation and treatment of drug dependents.
According to the result of the survey question number 1, the respondents strongly agreed with the statement mentioned therein. The researchers believe that rehabilitation and societal reintegration of a drug dependent person is an important component of the drug prevention campaign. Receiving a positive feedback from its citizens is a desirable attribute for the local government of Las Pinas City.
The Las Piñas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council Rehabilitation Division (LPCADAC-RD) is the one in charge of assessing, admitting and recommendation for rehabilitation of a person considered as a drug user. The Las Piñas City Government does not have its own rehabilitation center, but has tie-up with the rehabilitation centers in Tagaytay and Bicutan. Mariz Castillo, ADAC Staff in charge of admittance of possible clients for rehabilitation, said that for someone to be admitted, he must have a recommendation from the court or must be admitted by a family member or a relative. For a person to be qualified for rehabilitation, he or she must be positive of drug use, does not have lung disease or mentally incapacitated, and has no pending case in the court.
Due to budget constraints, local governments all over the country are forced to tie-up with some private rehabilitation centers. The Local Government of Las Pinas has tied-up with Rehabilitation Centers situated in Tagaytay and Bicutan to provide necessary services to its citizens.
STATEMENT 4: In what ways does the community show its support in participating to the local government's campaign against drug addiction?
To address this problem, the researchers presented survey questions number 2 and 5.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.8. Citizens of Las Piñas City participate in the promotion of a drug-free community.
According to survey question #2, the citizens of Las Pinas City participate in the promotion of a drug-free community. The result has an average of 3.75, verbally interpreted as slightly agree. Therefore, it can be concluded that the citizens of Las Piñas City participate in the promotion of a drug-free community. The researchers believe that is a vital part of a successful implementation of local governments programs and campaigns.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.9. The local government instructs all elementary, secondary and tertiary levels of public and private schools to integrate in their curricula the control and prevention of drug abuse.
Figure 9 represents the perception of the respondents to the measures carried out by the local government of Las Pinas City, in relation to the integration of drug prevention campaign on the curricula of public and private schools. 72% of respondents answered positively in survey question number 5.
Section 43, Article IV of Republic Act 9165 – School Curricula; states that Instruction on drug abuse prevention and control shall be integrated in the elementary, secondary and tertiary curricula of all public and private schools, whether general, technical, vocational or agro-industrial as well as in non-formal, informal and indigenous learning systems.
According to Andres D. Pedro, Technical Assistant for Education of the Office of the Mayor, "so far as the local government views drug abuse, there is no need for immediate enforcement of drug prevention information dissemination process within the school curricula". He mentioned about the process of ensuring the integration of drug prevention campaign in the public and private schools within his jurisdiction. The Department of Education (DEPED) conducts a random drug testing of students and those found positive of illegal drugs intake undergo guidance counseling and are subject to close monitoring of school authorities. Those schools with students found positive of using illegal drugs conduct a parents-teachers conference and are required to tie-up with the barangay wherein the school is situated. The barangay then makes a recommendation of rehabilitation for the students found positive of using illegal drugs. The Education Division of the Office of the Mayor then applies necessary sanction or memorandum to the schools involved.
From the data gathered through survey and an interview with Mr. Andres D. Pedro, Technical Assistant for Education of the Office of the Mayor, the Local Government of Las Piñas City has proven that there is no need for an immediate enforcement of a drug prevention information dissemination process within the school curricula. Mr. Andres D. Pedro also made mention about the measures taken up by his department in relation to the integration of Drug Prevention within the school curricula. The Education Department of the Office of the Mayor conducts an annual summit of all private and public school teachers and principals to discuss about different concerns and a lecture about some of the programs initiated by the local government, wherein as he stated, the drug prevention campaign is discussed.
STATEMENT 5: How effective is the drug prevention campaign program of Las Pinas City in controlling and reducing the menacingly increasing number of drug dependents?
To answer this problem, survey questions and their results, and other data related to the effectiveness of the drug campaign program adopted by the local government of Las Pinas City are presented below. This shall serve as a guide in determining the total effectiveness of Las Pinas City in controlling and reducing the increasing number of drug dependence within their locality.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.10. The overall effectiveness of the drug prevention campaign of Las Piñas City in controlling and reducing the increasing number of drug dependence.
Fig. 10 shows that the citizens of Las Piñas City slightly agreed with the statement that the local government effectively controls and reduces the increasing number of drug dependents within the locality. The result of survey question number 9 can be traced to the table provided on Figure 2 of statement number 1, which shows the number of felons caught per month on crimes related to drug abuse. With these closely related results on different statements, it provided the researchers an outlook towards the efficiency of the local government in reducing drug dependence.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.11. The local government of Las Piñas City ensures its citizens security and protection from drug related crimes.
It is one of the primary functions of a local government to ensure the security and protection of its citizen from any harm or danger. The researchers intended to see if the citizens of Las Piñas City are confident of the security and protection provided to them by the local government in relation to drug related crimes. Question #7 of the survey was intended to measure the confidence of its citizens regarding the local government's competence in preventing or reducing drug related crimes within their locality.
Having an average of 4.05 and a verbal interpretation of slightly agree, the researchers were able to assert that the measures and programs being implemented by the local law enforcers are effective in terms of ensuring the confidence of its citizens. The survey provided the researchers an assumption that the citizens believe in the local government's law enforcer's capability of providing a safe and drug-free community.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.12. The law enforcers of Las Piñas City readily and immediately respond to drug related crimes.
On the result of the survey, the citizens of Las Piñas City responded to question number 12 positively, giving it an equivalent of 4.17 as its mean, with a verbal interpretation of slightly agree. Based on the result of question number 12 of the survey, the citizens believe that the law enforcers of Las Piñas City readily and immediately respond to drug related crimes within their locality.
With the result of the survey receiving a positive feedback and the high statistics of felons caught on crimes related to drugs, as presented earlier, the researchers believe that the law enforcers of Las Piñas City readily and immediately respond to drug related crimes within their locality.
1
Strongly Disagree
2
Moderately Disagree
3
Slightly Disagree
4
Slightly Agree
5
Moderately Agree
6
Strongly Agree
Fig.13. The local government of Las Piñas City efficiently enforces the comprehensive dangerous drugs act of 2002.
Survey question number 3 represents the perception of the respondents towards the efficiency of the local government in enforcing the provisions of R.A. 9165. Receiving a high percentage of positive feedback clearly represents the confidence of its citizens to the local government of Las Pinas City.
The local government unit of Las Piñas City follows the implementing rules and regulations of the Republic Act 9165 that serves as their guide for the effective enforcement of this Act. The local government collaborates with Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency to conduct seminars for its law enforcers. They have created a specific council in charge of matters related to drug abuse called the Las Pinas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council which provides effective mechanisms or measures to re-integrate into society individuals who have fallen victims to drug abuse or dangerous drug dependence through sustainable programs of treatment and rehabilitation.
In all of the data gathered from research, surveys and interviews, the researchers came to a conclusion that the local government of Las Pinas City implements the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, not as efficient as the respondents may have perceived.
The local government of Las Pinas City does not have a specific budget for their drug prevention campaign. There has been no recent study or research about what and how can the local government address the problem of drug abuse proliferation. Programs conducted in relation to drug prevention campaign are limited to sports activities. There are some provisions of the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 that are not followed by the local government of Las Pinas City.
Chapter 5
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
This study deals with the perception of the citizens of Las Piñas City regarding the drug prevention campaign of the said local government and its law enforcers. In seeking to answer the main problem, the researchers tried to look for necessary information and data to be able to answer these problems.
Interviews, surveys, and other various sources of data were collected to arrive at valid conclusions. Based on the information and data that have been gathered, the following findings are drawn:
The local government of Las Pinas City provides for an effective and organized program of rehabilitation and treatment for drug dependents in their locality.
The local government of Las Pinas City conducts seminars, forums, and disseminates information in all public and private schools and integrates in their curricula the adverse and harmful effects of illicit drugs in the human body.
The local government of Las Piñas City does not allocate a substantial portion of their budget for funding the creation and implementation of programs related to drug prevention campaign.
The law enforcers of Las Pinas City readily and efficiently respond to drug related crimes within the locality, therefore receiving a positive feedback from its citizens.
Conclusion
Based on the different data collected by the researchers, it can be concluded that the citizens of Las Pinas have a positive perception towards the drug prevention campaign of their local government. All the survey questions received an overall average of 3.98 which is verbally interpreted as slightly agree. This means that the citizens of Las Pinas believe that their local government is doing its task of protecting its community from the hazards of illegal drugs. Furthermore, it can also be concluded that Las Pinas City does abide by what is being prescribed by the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 which is the pertinent law on this study except for a particular provision with regard to the allocation of substantial budget for funding the creation and implementation of programs related to drug prevention campaign.
Recommendation
The researchers had a hard time conducting interviews with personnel supposed to have knowledge and authority to dispense information vital to the study because of their busy schedule. Future researchers should, therefore, set appointments for interview way ahead of time and at the most convenient time for the interviewees.
Increasing the number of respondents for the survey and including all 20 Barangays of Las Pinas City will further improve the possibility of determining the real perception of the citizens towards the campaign of the local government against illegal drugs. Translating the survey questionnaire into Filipino can help those surveyed to fully understand the statements provided.
In addition, future researchers may want to look into activities, studies and programs adopted and created by the local government in relation to drug prevention campaign. Budget allocation, target participants and implementers of programs are some of the important facets future researchers may want to consider.
Lastly, the researchers also suggest to other researchers to make this study as their guide and reference in making a more comprehensive study regarding the implementation of R.A. 9165 not only in the City of Las Piñas but in various places within the country to determine whether or not the government in general is committed on resolving the problems related to the use of illegal drugs.
References
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Bean, P. (2008). Drugs and Crime: Second Edition. United Kingdom: Willan
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Canding, Cortez & Metrillo (2000) Assessment of the local government
response to drug addiction in the municipality of Dasmariñas, Cavite 1994
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Cogan & Sharpe (2003, October 21). A Planning Analysis: The Theory of
Citizens Involvement. Retrieved on April 4, 2013 from
http://pages.uoregon.edu/rgp/PPPM613/class10theory.htm
Creswell, J.W. & Clark, V.L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods
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Creswell, J.W. (2012, October 1) Mixed method research. Retrieved on April 4,
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research
Fercsey, J. (1987). No to Drugs, Yes to Life. Philippine Daily Inquirer. p. 5
Hanson, G.R., Venturelli, P.J., Fleckenstein, A.E. (2008). Drug and society:
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Hart, C., Ksir, C., Ray, O., (2009). Drugs, society and human behavior:
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Horman & Horman, R.E. (1970). Drug awareness. New York: Avon Books
Levinthal, C.F. (1996). Drugs, behavior and modern society. Needham Heights:
Simon and Schuster Company
Lilly, E.R. (1982). A philosophical and social theory perspective on citizens
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Llamas, V. (2009). Drugs, the law and you. Dagupan City: National Bookstore
Lowinson, J., et al. (2005). Substance abuse: A comprehensive textbook:
Fourth Edition. Philadelphia, USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Pentz, M. A. Jasuja, G. K. Rohrbach, L. A. Sussman, S. Bardo, M. T. (2006).
Translation in tobacco and drug abuse prevention research. USA: Sage
Publication LTD
Phillips, G. Howard. (1966). Rural and urban value commitments and their
relationship to social action. The Ohio State University. Unpublished
dissertation
Valderrama, J., et al. (2006). Rapid assessment of drug abuse prevention
needs for youth in small Spanish municipalities: Coping with Resource
Limitation
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Republic Act 9165
ARTICLE VII
Participation of Local Government Units
Sec. 51 Local Government Units' Assistance – Local government units shall appropriate a substantial portion of their respective annual budgets to assist in or enhance the enforcement of this Act giving priority to preventive or educational programs and the rehabilitation or treatment of drug dependents.
ARTICLE X
Appropriations, Managements of Funds
And Annual Report
Sec. 87 Appropriations – The amount necessary for the operation of the Board and the PDEA shall be charged against the current year's appropriations of the Board, the DEP Center, the Narcotics Group of the PNP, the Narcotics Division of the NBI and other drug abuse units of the different law enforcement agencies integrated into the PDEA in order to carry out the provisions of the Act. Thereafter, such sums as may be necessary for the continued implementation of the Act shall be included in the annual General Appropriations Act. All receipts derived from fines, fees and other income authorized and imposed in the Act, including ten percent (10%) of all unclaimed and forfeited sweepstakes and lotto prizes but not less than Twelve million pesos (P12,000,000.00) per year from the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office (PCSO), are hereby constituted as a special account in the general fund for the implementation of the Act: Provided, that no amount shall be disbursed to cover the operating expenses of the Board and other concerned agencies; Provided, further, that at least fifty percent (50%) of all the funds shall be reserved for assistance to government-owned and/or operated rehabilitation centers.
Does the local government unit of Las Piñas City allocate a substantial portion of their respective annual budget for the Las Piñas City Anti – Drug Abuse Council?
According to an interview with Mrs. Malou Cubol, technical assistant for Las Piñas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council, she explained that there has been no specific budget allocated for the LPC-ADAC since 2009. Mrs. Cubol said that budget used for programs created and implemented by LPC-ADAC is requested from the office of the mayor and as she stated is "requested as-per-program".
Based on the interview with Mrs. Cubol, the researchers found out that Las Piñas City is not able to abide with the provisions stated in the Republic Act 9165. Las Piñas City's Anti-Drug Abuse Council does not have its own budget, therefore making it difficult for it to create and implement Republic Act 9165 otherwise known as Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002.
ARTICLE IX
Dangerous Drugs Board And
Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
Sec. 77 The Dangerous Drugs Board – The Board shall be the policy – making and strategy – formulating body in the planning and formulation of the policies and programs on drug prevention and control. It shall develop and adopt comprehensive, integrated, unified and balanced national drug abuse prevention and control strategy. It shall be under the Office of the President.
Sec. 82 Creation of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) – To carry out the provisions of this Act, the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA), which serves as the implementing arm of the Board, and shall be responsible for the efficient and effective law enforcement of all the provisions on any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical as provided in this Act.
What is Anti – Drug Abuse Council of Las Piñas City? Does the Anti – Drug Abuse Council (ADAC) cooperates and involves with the actions of the Police Task Force of Las Piñas City in the implementation and enforcement of this Act?
The Anti – Drug Abuse Council (ADAC) is a body that assists to the implementation and enforcement of RA 9165 that fights against drug abuse within the locality of Las Piñas City.
According to Mrs. Malou Cubol, the ADAC gives information to the Police Task Force regarding to the suspected drug user/pusher within their locality. The main targets of the Anti – Drug Abuse Council are the youth specifically the high school students. The ADAC conducts seminars and lectures; and disseminate resourced pictures of the effects of drugs and leaflets to reduce the motivation of the individuals to use illicit drugs by increasing their knowledge about the potential negative consequences of drug use.
What is the current condition of Las Piñas City with regards to drug dependency? Do the local police take actions for the implementation and enforcement of the RA 9165?
According to an interview with Chief of Police Romulo E. Sapitula of Las Piñas City, he said that there is no rampant distribution of illegal drugs within the locality's jurisdiction. Mr. Sapitula stated that drug selling and purchase within Las Piñas City is at street-level-pushing only. The local police enforcement process starts with the deployment of an informant to confirm the suspected person or place that distributes and manufactures illegal drugs. Then, the local police will conduct a buy – bust operation with or without a search warrant with the cooperation of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency.
In April 11, 2011 the Las Piñas Police Department conducted a seminar on R.A. 9165 otherwise known as Comprehensive Dangerous Act of 2002, attended by all the members of the police department. The seminar was initiated by Mr. Arnold S. Alabastro, Division Head of Anti - Drug Enforcement of Las Piñas City, and was conducted by representatives from Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) and Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA). Mr. Alabastro pointed out that this seminar aims to educate everyone on his department of the provisions of R.A. 9165.
ARTICLE IV
Participation of the Family, Students,
Teachers and School Authorities in
The Enforcement of this Act
Sec. 42 Student Councils and Campus Organization – All elementary, secondary and tertiary schools' student councils and campus organizations shall include in their activities a program for the prevention of and deterrence in the use of dangerous drugs, and referral for treatment and rehabilitation of students for drug dependence.
Sec. 43 School Curricula – Instruction on drug abuse prevention and control shall be integrated in the elementary, secondary and tertiary curricula of all public and private schools, whether general, technical, vocational or agro-agricultural as well as in non – formal, informal and indigenous learning system.
Does the local government unit of Las Piñas City instructs all elementary, secondary, tertiary levels of public and private schools to integrate in their curricula the control and prevention of drug abuse?
According to Andres D. Pedro, Technical Assistant for Education of The Office of The Mayor, "so far as the local government views drug abuse, there is no need for immediate enforcement of drug prevention information dissemination process within the school curricula". He mentioned about the process of ensuring the integration of drug prevention campaign in the public and private schools within his jurisdiction. The Department of education (DEPED) conducts a random drug testing of students and those found positive of illegal drugs intake undergo guidance counseling and are subject to close monitoring of school authorities. Those schools with students found positive of using illegal drugs conduct a parents-teachers conference and are required to tie-up with the barangay wherein the school is situated. The barangay then makes a recommendation of rehabilitation for the students found positive of using illegal drugs. The Education Division of The Office of The Mayor then applies necessary sanction or memorandum to the schools involved.
ARTICLE VIII
Program for Treatment and Rehabilitation
Of Drug Dependents
Sec. 75 Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers – The existing treatment and rehabilitation centers for drug dependents operated and maintained by the NBI and the PNP shall be operated, maintained and managed by the DOH in coordination with other concerned agencies. It shall also support the establishment of government-operated regional treatment and rehabilitation centers depending upon the availability of funds. The national government, through its appropriate agencies shall give priority funding for the increase of subsidy to existing government drug rehabilitation centers, and shall establish at least one (1) drug rehabilitation center in each province, depending on the availability of funds.
Does the local government unit of Las Piñas City provide programs for rehabilitation and treatment of drug dependents?
The Las Piñas City Anti-Drug Abuse Council Rehabilitation Division (LPCADAC-RD) is the one in charge of assessing, admitting and recommendation for rehabilitation of a person considered as a drug user. The Las Piñas City Government does not have its own rehabilitation center, but has tied-up with the rehabilitation centers in Tagaytay and Bicutan. Mariz Castillo, ADAC Staff in charge of admittance of possible clients for rehabilitation, said that for someone to be admitted, he must have a recommendation from the court or must be admitted by a family member or a relative. For a person to be qualified for rehabilitation, he or she must be positive of drug use, does not have lung disease or mentally incapacitated, and has no pending case in the court.
Due to budget constraint, local Governments all over the country are forced to tie-up with some private rehabilitation centers. The Las Piñas Local Government has tied-up with Rehabilitation Centers situated in Tagaytay City and Bicutan Taguig City to provide necessary services to its citizens.
Appendix B
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the status of the drug prevention campaign implemented by the City of Las Piñas and its law enforcers and the receptiveness of the citizens in participating local government's campaigns and programs.
Specifically, this study attempts to find the answers to the following questions:
1. What is the current status of drug related crimes in the City of Las Piñas?
2. What is the present condition of Las Piñas City's campaign against drug addiction?
3. What actions are taken by the local government of Las Piñas and its law enforcement unit to prevent drug addiction or abuse?
4. In what ways does the community show its support in participating to the local government's campaign against drug addiction?
5. How effective is the drug prevention campaign program of Las Piñas City in controlling and reducing the menacingly increasing number of drug dependents?
SAMPLE SURVEY FORM
Name (optional):______________________ Gender: ___________
Age: _________ Barangay: _________
Legend: 1 – Strongly Disagree
2 – Moderately Disagree
3 – Slightly Disagree
4 – Slightly Agree
5 Moderately Agree
6 – Strongly Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
1. The Local Government of Las Piñas City provides programs for Rehabilitation and treatment of Drug Dependents.
2. Citizens of Las Piñas City participate in the promotion of a drug-free community
3. The local government of Las Pinas City efficiently enforces the comprehensive dangerous drugs act of 2002
4. Information, seminars, and forums are conducted by the local government of Las Piñas City regarding the prevention of Drug abuse within the locality.
5. The local government instructs all elementary, secondary, tertiary levels of public and private schools to integrate in their curricula the control and prevention of the drug abuse
6. The local government of Las Piñas City allocates a substantial budget for rehabilitation, enforcement, and implementation of programs related to drug prevention campaign
7. The local government of Las Piñas City ensures its citizens security and protection from drug related crimes
8. The local government and the law enforcers of Las Piñas City oversee the implementation and execution of republic act 9165 otherwise known as the comprehensive dangerous drugs act of 2002 effectively in their locality
9. The overall effectiveness of the drug prevention campaign of Las Piñas City in controlling and reducing the increasing number of the drug dependence
10. The local government of Las Piñas City conducts studies, program monitoring and evaluations and other researches on drug prevention, control and enforcement
11. The local government of Las Piñas provides worthwhile programs such as but not limited to sports activities to prevent the youth from using illegal drugs
12. The law enforcers of Las Piñas City readily and immediately respond to drug-related crimes
Perception on the Effectiveness of the the drug prevention campaign program of Las Piñas City in controlling and reducing the menacingly increasing number of drug dependents
Mean
Verbal Interpretation
1. The Local Government of Las Piñas City provides programs for Rehabilitation and treatment of Drug Dependents.
3.69
Slightly Agree
2. Citizens of Las Piñas City participate in the promotion of a drug-free community
3.73
Slightly Agree
3. The local government of Las Pinas City efficiently enforces the comprehensive dangerous drugs act of 2002
3.96
Slightly Agree
4. Information, seminars, and forums are conducted by the local government of Las Piñas City regarding the prevention of Drug abuse within the locality.
3.89
Slightly Agree
5. The local government instructs all elementary, secondary, tertiary levels of public and private schools to integrate in their curricula the control and prevention of the drug abuse
4.31
Slightly Agree
6. The local government of Las Piñas City allocates a substantial budget for rehabilitation, enforcement, and implementation of programs related to drug prevention campaign
3.70
Slightly Agree
7. The local government of Las Piñas City ensures its citizens security and protection from drug related crimes
4.05
Slightly Agree
8. The local government and the law enforcers of Las Piñas City oversee the implementation and execution of republic act 9165 otherwise known as the comprehensive dangerous drugs act of 2002 effectively in their locality
3.98
Slightly Agree
9. The overall effectiveness of the drug prevention campaign of Las Piñas City in controlling and reducing the increasing number of the drug dependence
3.96
Slightly Agree
10. The local government of Las Piñas City conducts studies, program monitoring and evaluations and other researches on drug prevention, control and enforcement
4.07
Slightly Agree
11. The local government of Las Piñas provides worthwhile programs such as but not limited to sports activities to prevent the youth from using illegal drugs
4.30
Slightly Agree
12. The law enforcers of Las Piñas City readily and immediately respond to drug-related crimes
4.17
Slightly Agree
Overall Effectiveness as Perceived by the Respondents
3.98
Slightly Agree
Verbal Interpretation:
1.00 – 1.49 – Strongly Disagree
1.50 – 2.49 – Moderately Disagree
2.50 – 3.49 – Slightly Disagree
3.50 – 4.49 – Slightly Agree
4.50 – 5.49 – Moderately Agree
5.50 – 6.00 – Strongly Agree
Computer output
Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Q1
301
3.69
Q2
301
3.73
Q3
301
3.96
Q4
301
3.89
Q5
301
4.31
Q6
301
3.70
Q7
301
4.05
Q8
301
3.98
Q9
301
3.96
Q10
301
4.07
Q11
301
4.30
Q12
301
4.17
Overall
301
3.983112E0
Valid N (list wise)
301
Q1
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
28
9.3
9.3
9.3
2
17
5.6
5.6
15.0
3
92
30.6
30.6
45.5
4
88
29.2
29.2
74.8
5
36
12.0
12.0
86.7
6
40
13.3
13.3
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q2
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
22
7.3
7.3
7.3
2
30
10.0
10.0
17.3
3
88
29.2
29.2
46.5
4
69
22.9
22.9
69.4
5
50
16.6
16.6
86.0
6
42
14.0
14.0
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q3
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
10
3.3
3.3
3.3
2
21
7.0
7.0
10.3
3
57
18.9
18.9
29.2
4
127
42.2
42.2
71.4
5
56
18.6
18.6
90.0
6
30
10.0
10.0
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q4
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
11
3.7
3.7
3.7
2
36
12.0
12.0
15.6
3
41
13.6
13.6
29.2
4
137
45.5
45.5
74.8
5
40
13.3
13.3
88.0
6
36
12.0
12.0
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q5
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
4
1.3
1.3
1.3
2
23
7.6
7.6
9.0
3
42
14.0
14.0
22.9
4
101
33.6
33.6
56.5
5
70
23.3
23.3
79.7
6
61
20.3
20.3
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q6
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
22
7.3
7.3
7.3
2
23
7.6
7.6
15.0
3
82
27.2
27.2
42.2
4
102
33.9
33.9
76.1
5
39
13.0
13.0
89.0
6
33
11.0
11.0
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q7
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
12
4.0
4.0
4.0
2
21
7.0
7.0
11.0
3
62
20.6
20.6
31.6
4
101
33.6
33.6
65.1
5
57
18.9
18.9
84.1
6
47
15.6
15.6
99.7
7
1
.3
.3
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q8
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
9
3.0
3.0
3.0
2
17
5.6
5.6
8.6
3
68
22.6
22.6
31.2
4
104
34.6
34.6
65.8
5
82
27.2
27.2
93.0
6
21
7.0
7.0
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q9
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
13
4.3
4.3
4.3
2
18
6.0
6.0
10.3
3
63
20.9
20.9
31.2
4
115
38.2
38.2
69.4
5
58
19.3
19.3
88.7
6
34
11.3
11.3
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q10
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
14
4.7
4.7
4.7
2
20
6.6
6.6
11.3
3
66
21.9
21.9
33.2
4
87
28.9
28.9
62.1
5
59
19.6
19.6
81.7
6
55
18.3
18.3
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q11
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
4
1.3
1.3
1.3
2
29
9.6
9.6
11.0
3
35
11.6
11.6
22.6
4
99
32.9
32.9
55.5
5
74
24.6
24.6
80.1
6
60
19.9
19.9
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
Q12
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid
1
13
4.3
4.3
4.3
2
17
5.6
5.6
10.0
3
63
20.9
20.9
30.9
4
78
25.9
25.9
56.8
5
74
24.6
24.6
81.4
6
56
18.6
18.6
100.0
Total
301
100.0
100.0
This figure will show the number of criminals caught per month committing crimes related to illegal drugs.
2011
January
11
February
12
March
22
April
14
May
7
June
8
July
17
August
17
September
14
October
11
November
5
December
3
TOTAL : 141
2012
January
12
February
12
March
17
April
6
TOTAL : 47
These data were provided by SPO1 Michael Olanda, a special police officer form the Station Anti – Illegal Drug-Station Operation Task Group (SAID-SOTG). This table shows that, Las Piñas City Police Department ensures the protection and the security of the citizens regarding to the harmful effects of the dangerous drugs. The law enforcers readily and immediately respond to the drug – related crimes through their efforts in promoting a drug – free community.
Q2
Q5
Q4
Q10
Q6
Q8
Q9
Q12
Q8
Q7
Q6
Q7
Q5
Q3
Q4
Q3
Q2
Q1
