SCM611 Transportation.pdf

SCM611 Shipments mySAP Supply Chain Management

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Participant Handbook Course Version: 2006 /Q2 Course Duration: 3 Days Material Number: 50078054

An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work

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Copyright Copyright © 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved. No part of th is publication may be reproduced or t ransmitted in a ny form or for any purpose without the express permiss ion of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors.

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About This Handbook This handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of this course, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.

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Icons in Body Text The following icons are used in this handbook. I co n

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Contents Course Overview .... ...... ...... ...... ....... ...... ...... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... .... vii Course Goals................................................................................. vii Course Objectives ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ....... ...... ....... . vii

Unit 1 : Transportation in L ogistics E xecution .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . 1 Logistics Execution ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .... 2 Position of Transportation and Shipme nt Costs within Log istics Execut ion.. . . . . . . . . . 6

Unit 2: Controlling Tr ansportation Pr ocessing. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. 21 Organizational Units in Shipments ....................................................... 22 Shipment Types...... ....... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ....... ...... ....... ...... ..... 30 Transportation Re levance ...... .... ... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... . 42

Unit 3: Creating Shipments ................................................................

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Criteria and Methods for Creating Shipments........................................... 51 Automatically Creating Shipments . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . 63 Interfaces in External Transportation Planning Systems and Other Scenarios .... 85

Unit 4: Shipment Processing ..............................................................

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Stages........................................................................................ 97 Processing Functions in Shipments..................................................... 114 Additional Functions in Shipments . . . . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . 129 Packing and Loading in Shipments ..................................................... 137 Dangerous Goods Management in Shipments ........................................ 143 Shipment Monitoring ...................................................................... 149

Unit 5 : Shipment Co st P rocessing ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... . 163 Overview of Shipment Cost Calculation and Settlement ............................. 164 Controlling Shipment Cost Processing... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 181

Unit 6 : Shipment Co st C alculation ..... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... .. 193 Shipment Cost Calculation .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .... ... 194 Additional Functions in Shipment Cost Calculation . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . 214

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Con tents

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Unit 7 : Shipment C ost S ettlement ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .. 233 Shipment Cost Transfer................................................................... 235 Settlement of Co sts with t he Service Agent... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ... ... .. .. . 250 Shipment Costs in the Sales Process................................................... 259

Unit 8: Us ing Express Delivery Companies .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 279 Outbound Deliveries Involving Express Delivery Com panies.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 280

Unit 9: Concluding Exercise ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... 289 Concluding Exercise ......................................................................

Appendix 1: Data Sheet

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....... ...... ...... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ...... .. 327

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Course Overview This course provides an overview of the transportation processing and shipment cost processing functions in the SAP ERP Central Component (SAP ECC). Focal points will be the processes and their essential control settings.

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Target Audience This course is intended for the following audiences: •

Members of the project team responsible for transportation processing and shipment cost processing

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Consultants

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Course Prerequisites Required Knowledge •

SCM601 Processes in Logistics Execution or

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SCM600 Processes in Sales and Distribution or

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SCM500 Processes in Procurement

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and •

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SCM620 Pricing

Recommended Knowledge •

SCM610 Delivery Processes

Course Goals

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This course will prepare you to: •

Use the functions and processes in transportation processing and shipment cost processing

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Make the Customizing settings required for transportation processing and shipment cost processing

Course Objectives After completing this course, you will be able to:

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Describe the position of transportation processing and shipment cost processing within the supply chain

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Define and create inbound and outbound shipments

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Calculate and settle shipment costs

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Make the necessary Customizing settings to adapt your system to meet your specific requirements

SAP Software Component Information The information in this course pertains to the following SAP Software Components and releases: •

ECC 6.0

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Unit 1 Transportation in Logistics Execution Unit Overview This unit explains to you in which correlations mySAP Business Suite, mySAP Supply Chain Management (mySAP SCM) and Logistics Execution correspond with one another. You then gain an overview of the basic functions of transportation processing and shipment cost processing in SAP ECC.

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Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: •

Name the components of Logistics Execution

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Describe the function of Logistics Execution within SAP ECC.

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Identify the shipment as a component of the process chains in logistics

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Describe the structure of the transportation document and locate important

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information in it.

Unit Contents Lesson: Logistics E xecution.. ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .... .... ... 2 Lesson: Position of Transp ortation and Shipment Costs within Logistics Execution................................................................................ 6 Exercise 1: The Basics of Transportation Processing .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . 11

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U n i t 1 : Tr a n s p o r t a t i o n i n L o g i s t i c s E x e c u t i o n

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Lesson: Logistics Exe cution Lesson Overview Logistics Execution provides you with a functional packet for the entire processing logistic (warehouse management, shipping processes, and transportation processes) available to you as part of mySAP Enterprise Resource Planning (mySAP ERP) and mySAP Supply Chain Management (mySAP SCM). This lesson provides an overview

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of the components and usage range of Logistics Execution.

Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •


•


Business Example Your company already uses the SAP ECC system for procurement, sales and distribution, and inventory management. In order to use all the benefits of process integration and retain a larger control over transportation and shipment costs, Transportation Processing should be used as a part of Logistics Execution.

Components and Sources Logistics Execution is the grouping of system functions for the processing logistic. This connects with production planning and control, materials management, and sales and distribution. Logistics Execution was included in the SAP R/3 4.5A system landscape in order to combine the already available subfunctions from the operating logistic and to further develop them within this constellation.


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L e s s o n : L o g i s t i c sE x e c u t i o n

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Figure 1: Logistics Execution: Components and Sources

Warehouse Management was copied from Materials Management, as were Shipment processing and Transportation processing from Sales and Distribution. These organizational changes are reflected both in the application menu and the structure of Customizing: In both menus in SAP R/3 4.5A, individual subareas for Logistics Execution were set up. Customizing for warehouse management was thereby completely separated from Customizing for materials management. Components of shipment Customizing and transportation Customizing are found not only under Sales and Distribution, but also under Logistics Execution.

Features Logistics Execution provides you with comprehensive functions required to map execution of all logistical processes irrespective of industry or branch. It is basically a matter of more or less complex goods receipt and goods issue processes .

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Figure 2: Logistics Execution: Function in SAP ECC

Logistics Execution is thus the link in SAP ECC between procurement and distribution, independent of whether it is company-internal processes or incorporates third parties (vendors, customers, service agents). In-house material, just like externally produced goods, is to be packed away and repicked by means of warehouse management, in order either to provide individual production, or to deliver to retailers and consumers. Accordingly, the corresponding organizational structures can be very complex: Logistics Execution uses individual organizational units and master data that are linked in the organizational structures system in SAP ECC. Using these structural elements, you can map business situations differently.

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L e s s o n : L o g i s t i c sE x e c u t i o n

Lesson Summary You should now be able to: •


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Lesson: Position of Transportation and Shipment Costs within Logistics Execution Lesson Overview The following lessons introduces you to the basic functions of transportation as a component of Logistics Execution.



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Describe the structure of the transportation document and locate important information in it.

Business Example The decision makers for your company first obtain an overview of the process for transportation processing and shipment cost processing.

Shipments in Logistics Execution

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Figure 3: Shipments in SAP ECC

A shipment is a collection of inbound or outbound deliveries that are shipped together. The inbound or outbound deliveries of the shipment therefore have the same shipping conditions.

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Le ss on: Po sit ion of Trans por ta ti on an d Shi pm ent Cos ts wit hin Log is tic s Exe cut ion

Effective transportation processing is required so that deliveries are shipped on time and are received on schedule at the customer's site. SAP ECC provides essential functions for transportation and shipment cost processing for goods issues and goods receipts.

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U s e S A P Figure 4: Shipments in Logistics Execution

Inbound shipments are an integral part of the process chain in Procurement and are processed based on inbound deliveries.

The basis of the procurement process is the purchase order. Thiis is followed by confirmation of the delivery by the vendor. The inbound delivery is created with reference to the purchase order. The inbound delivery is the basis for creating the inbound shipment, that is, the shipment of the ordered goods from the vendor to the company's plant. Goods receipt is then posted. Invoice verification completes the purchasing process. Outbound shipments are part of the Sales and Distribution (SD) process and are processed based on outbound deliveries.

The basis of the Sales and Distribution process is the sales order. The subsequent document is the outbound delivery, which documents the shipping of the goods. The outbound delivery is the basis for creating the outbound shipment, that is, the shipment of the goods from the company's plant to the customer.

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Goods issue is then posted and the invoice is created.

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Figure 5: Transportation and Shipment Cost Processing in Detail

Transportation and shipment cost processing includes transportation processing as well as shipment cost calculations and settlement. A shipment document is created based on the inbound or outbound deliveries. Other shipment processing includes shipment planning and completion. The tasks are therefore associated with both planning and executing. Tools are available to support shipment monitoring during planning and execution. They include lists, graphical transportation information, and the Transportation Information System (TIS). Shipment cost processing begins with the creation of the shipment cost document. The shipment costs are calculated automatically in this document. The costs are transferred so that accruals can be posted and assignments made in Controlling. Settlement is completed with the service agents by payment of the invoice or creation of a credit memo.

You can copy the costs arising from the shipment and calculated in the shipment cost document into customer billing documents , and thus include the costs of transportation in the invoice to the customer.

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The Shipment Document

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Figure 6: The Shipment Document and its Functions

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The shipment document is the central document that is used to model shipments in the ECC s ystem. It contains all information necessary for organizing and carrying out a shipment. The shipment document provides the following functions: •

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Combining inbound deliveries to form inbound shipments

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Combining outbound deliveries to form outbound shipments

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Assigni ng service agents, modes of transportation, shipment types, and so on

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Planning and monitoring deadlines

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Specifying shipment stages

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Cross-delivery packing and creation of handling units

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Creating output and shipping papers

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Recording shipment-relevant texts

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Recording partner information

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Freight cost estimate

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Shipment tendering


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Figure 7: Structure of the Shipment Document

The shipment document contains general data that applies to the whole document, such as shi pment type, transportation planning point, route, deadlines, and status information. This information is displayed in the shipment header. Since the shipment is a collection of inbound or outbound deliveries that are shipped together, the items of the shipment correspond exactly to the inbound deliveries in the case of in bound shipments, and to the outbound deliveries in the case of outbound shipments.

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Exercise 1: The Basics of Tra nsportation Processing Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Describe how transportation fits into the processes in Logistics

• •

Find information in the shipment document Define and assign the organizational units relevant for transportation processing in Customizing

Business Example Before you begin setting up the system and trying out its shipment processes, familiarize yourself with SAP transportation processing in general. Examine the structure of the shipment documents and identify what information they contain.

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Task 1:

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First, you need to clarify the role of transportation processing and identify its processes: 1.

2.

Explain the process chains for procurement and sales and distribution.

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What are the individual steps involved in transportation and shipment cost processing?

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Task 2: One inbound and one outbound shipment have been created in the system as examples.

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First, display the inbound shipment. Search for the document using F4 help. Use the External ID 1 field as a search term:

External ID 1: GR##-1 . Hint: This search is case sensitive

1.

Which inbound deliveries does the shipment contain?

2.

Record the shipment document number on line 1 of your Transaction Data Sheet.

3.

Find the following information in the shipment document:

Plant: _______________________________________________________ Service agent: ______________________________________________ Go to the inbound delivery and search for the following information: Delivery Date: ______________________________________________ Vendor: ______________________________________________ Material number and quantity ordered: ______________________ Reference document for inbound delivery items (purchase order): _________________________________________


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Shipment type:____________________________________________

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Task 3: Now display the outbound shipment. Carry out a new search for this using the field External ID 1: External ID1: GR##-2 Hint: This search is case sensitive

1.

Which outbound deliveries does this shipment contain?

2.

Record the shipment document number on line No. 2 on your data sheet.

3.

Find the following information in the shipment document:

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Shipment type: ______________________________________ Ship-to address: ______________________________________ Shipping point: ______________________________________

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Shipment weight: ______________________________________ 4.

Display the corresponding document flow. What order initiated this document flow? What is its status? _________________________________________________________

5.

Check whether the shipment costs have already been calculated for this shipment. To do this, check the overall status of shipment cost calculation in the shipment header. Mark the number of the shipment cost document on the data sheet as document number 3. Overall status of shipment cost calculation: ______________________________ Number of the shipment cost document:______________________________


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Solution 1: The Basics of Tr ansportation Processing Task 1: First, you need to clarify the role of transportation processing and identify its processes: 1.

Explain the process chains for procurement and sales and distribution. Answer: Procurement process: Inbound shipments can take place within the procurement process. They are created on the basis of inbound deliveries. They document the transportation of one or more inbound deliveries from one or more vendors to the company’s own plants. Sales process: Outbound shipments are found in the sales process. They illustrate the transport of one or more outbound deliveries from your plants to the customer. They are created on the basis of outbound deliveries.

2.

What are the individual steps involved in transportation and shipment cost processing? Answer: Steps within transportation and shipment cost processing:

1.

Create shipment document

2. 3.

Process shipment document (plan and complete). Monitor shipments

4.

Create shipment cost documents

5.

Calculate shipment costs

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Transfer shipment costs

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Settle shipment costs with service agents

8.

Bill shipment costs to the customer



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You do not need to complete these steps in the exact order given above. It just represents a typical processing scenario.

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Task 2: One inbound and one outbound shipment have been created in the system as examples. First, display the inbound shipment. Search for the document using F4 help. Use the External ID 1 field as a search term:

External ID 1: GR##-1 . Hint: This search is case sensitive

1.

Which inbound deliveries does the shipment contain?

Logistics Logistics Execution Transportation Transportation Display Choose F4 help in the Shipment number field. In the selection screen, enter your search term in the External ID 1 field and Answer:

Planning

!

!

!

!

execute the search. Choose your shipment from the shipment list. Inbound deliveries:

!

Overview Screen: Shipments and Deliveries:

One inbound delivery is involved in this shipment.

Number: Document numbers will vary 2.

Record the shipment document number on line 1 of your Transaction Data Sheet. Answer: Record the shipment document number on line 1 of your Transaction Data Sheet.

3.

Find the following information in the shipment document: Shipment type:____________________________________________ Plant: _______________________________________________________

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Service agent: ______________________________________________ a)

Information in the shipment document:

Shipment type:

!

Goto

!

Shipment overview

Field: Shipment Type: Inbound shipment (0010)

Plant:

!

Goto

!

Shipments and deliveries overview screen:

Field: Plant: 1000 (Hamburg)

Service Agent: Overview Screen Shipments and deliveries or Shipment overview: Service agent: TransLog GmbH (T-S11G##)

4.

Go to the inbound delivery and search for the following information: Delivery Date: ______________________________________________ Vendor: ______________________________________________ Material number and quantity ordered: ______________________ Reference document for inbound delivery items (purchase order): _________________________________________ a)

Select the inbound delivery: Today’s date (Dates may vary)

Vendor:

T-S11F##

Material:

Goto

!

Item

T-ATC1, 50 pieces !

Preceding Data

Reference document (Purchase order):

Document numbers will vary




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Information in the inbound delivery:

Delivery date:

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Task 3: Now display the outbound shipment. Carry out a new search for this using the field External ID 1: External ID1: GR##-2 Hint: This search is case sensitive

1.

Which outbound deliveries does this shipment contain? a)

Display outbound shipment:

Logistics Planning

! !

Logistics Execution Display

!

Transportation

!

Transportation

Choose F4 help in the Shipment number field. In the selection screen, enter your search term in the External ID 1 field and execute the search. Choose your shipment from the shipment list. Outbound deliveries: !

Number: Document numbers will vary Record the shipment document number on line No. 2 on your data sheet. a) 3.

Record the shipment document number on line No. 2 on your data sheet.

Find the following information in the shipment document: Shipment type: ______________________________________ Ship-to address: ______________________________________




Shipping point: ______________________________________

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Übersichtsbild Transporte und Lieferungen:

One outbound delivery is involved in this shipment.

2.

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Shipment weight: ______________________________________ a)

Information in the shipment document: • • • •

Transportart: Übersicht über aktuellen Transport: Feld Transportart: Individual shipment - Road (0001) Ship-to address : Shipments and Deliveries overview screen: Field Ship-to address: 60123 Frankfurt Shipping point : Shipments and Deliveries overview screen : Field Shipping Point: Z0## (Hamburg) Shipment Weight : Shipments and Deliveries overview screen: Field Total Weight: 467.1 kg

4.

Display the corresponding document flow. What order initiated this document flow? What is its status? _________________________________________________________ a)

Document flow: Environment

!

Document Flow

Order Number: variable The order's status is completed. 5.

Check whether the shipment costs have already been calculated for this shipment. To do this, check the overall status of shipment cost calculation in the shipment header. Mark the number of the shipment cost document on the data sheet as document number 3. Overall status of shipment cost calculation: ______________________________ Number of the shipment cost document:______________________________ a)

Springen Frachtberechnung

Frachtkosten:

!

OvSts.ShCostCal.:

!

Übersicht Transport: Register

completely processed

Shipment cost document number: Choose varies.

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Shpmnt cost doc: number

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Unit Summary You should now be able to: •


•


•


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Unit 2 Controlling Transportation Processing I n t e r n a l

Unit Overview Basic settings are necessary for transportation processing. These include the organizational units for shipments, shipment types and transportation relevance, which are introduced in this unit.

Unit Objectives

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After completing this unit, you will be able to: •

Describe the organizational units relevant to shipping.

•

Give an overview of the various standard shipment types

•

Explain the different control parameters for the shipment type

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Set transportation relevance for delivery types, delivery item categories, and routes.

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Unit Contents Lesson: Organizational Units in Shipments ...................................... Exercise 2: Organizational Units in Shipments .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Lesson: Shipment Types............................................................ Exercise 3: Controlling Transportation........................................ Lesson: Transportation Relevance .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. Exercise 4: Transportation Re levance.. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ..

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Lesson: Organizational Uni ts in Shipmen ts Lesson Overview The following lesson describes particular organizational units relevant to shipping.

Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • Describe the organizational units relevant to shipping.

Business Example In your company, different persons or departments are responsible for the various means of transport.

Organizational Units in Logistics Execution The subfunctions of the Logistics Execution system use separate organizational units that constitute the structural basis for process control. These organizational units are defined in Customizing for the enterprise structure.

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L e s s o n : O r g an i z a t i o n a l U n i t s i n S h i p m e n t s

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U s e Figure 8: Organizational Units in Logistics Execution

The warehouse number is the higher-level organizational unit in the warehouse management system. It serves for mapping a warehouse complex. In practice, this number often refers to to a warehouse or warehouse building. Every warehouse number has a substructure, whose elements will be covered below. By far the largest part of the process control is anchored in this substructure. The organizational unit shipping point is used to model the location of shipping processing or the group of people commissioned for shipping processing. If required for process control, multiple shipping points can be created. Aside from the physical, the processing-technical elements can also be decisive. Thus, for example, an individual shipping point could be defined according to shipment type (air cargo, courier service, post). The shipping point is required for goods receipt processes with outbound delivery. The transportation planning point is required for the use of transportation processing in SAP ECC. As in the case of the shipping point, the transportation planning point can be either a place or a group of people. If required, you can define several transportation planning points. The shipping type can be a deciding factor here as well.

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Transportation Planning Point

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U s e Figure 9: Transportation Planning Point

The transportation planning point is the central point within the company that plans, processes, and monitors shipments. It can be a location or a group of people responsible for processing. Each shipment is created and processed by a single transportation planning point. You can freely define the transportation planning points to meet your company requirements, for example, in terms of the location or the mode of transport. The transportation planning point is defined for a specific company code in Customizing. This assignment of the planning point to the company code is important for shipment cost calculation and settlement.

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Exercise 2: Organizational Units in Shipments Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Define and assign the organizational units relevant for transportation processing

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in Customizing

Business Example Since you also need to familiarize yourself with the organizational structures in Logistics Execution, you learn how they are defined and assigned.

Task:

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True or false? 1.

A company code is an independent, accounting unit.

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Determine whether this statement is true or false. ! !

2.

True False

Each plant has exactly one shipping point.

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3.

True False

Shipments are processed at a transportation planning point.


4.

O n l y

True False

Each transportation planning point must be assigned to a plant.


True False


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Each transportation planning point must be assigned to a warehouse number.


6.

7.

True False

Which transportation planning points are defined for company code 1000?

Go to the address screen for transportation planning point 1000. On which street is it located?

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Solution 2: Organizational Units in Shipments Task: True or false? 1.

A company code is an independent, accounting unit.

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Answer: True

2.

Each plant has exactly one shipping point. Answer: False

A plant can have more than one shipping point. 3.

U s e

Shipments are processed at a transportation planning point. Answer: True

4.

Each transportation planning point must be assigned to a plant. Answer: False

A transportation planning point is only defined for a particular company code and is not linked to other organizational units. 5.

Each transportation planning point must be assigned to a warehouse number. Answer: False

A transportation planning point is only defined for a particular company code and is not linked to other organizational units. 6.

Which transportation planning points are defined for company code 1000? Answer: Transportation planning points for company code 1000:

IMG: Enterprise Structure Definition transportation shipping point !

!

Logistics Execution

!

Maintain

Company code 1000: Transportation planning point: 1000, 1010, 1011 and 1200


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Go to the address screen for transportation planning point 1000. On which street is it located? Answer: Select entry 1000:

!

Goto

!

Address

Street/House number: Altersdorferstr. 13

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Lesson: Shipment Types Lesson Overview Varying requirements for shipments can be modelled using shipment types. In this lesson, you will become familiar with basic shipment types.



•


Business Example Your company handles different kinds of shipments. For example, it groups outbound deliveries from Hamburg to customers in southern Germany to form one truck shipment. From Dresden, it is often cheaper to drive to one destination with only one shipment. For overseas shipments to the USA, transportation chains are formed. This also involves different means of transport.

Examples of Shipment Scenarios

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Figure 10: Examples of Shipment Scenarios

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L e s s o n : S h i p m e n tTy p e s

A company can use different transportation scenarios, which will be characterized by different processing types or means of transport. To model these different kinds of shipments, you can define shipment types in Customizing.

Shipment Types I n t e r n a l

U s e S A P Figure 11 : Shipment Type

P a r t n e r

The shipment type controls elements in the shipment document and therefore represents a particular processing type for a shipment.

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Shipment type settings include: •

The leg determination type (such as automatic leg determination)

•

The completion type (such as loaded outbound shipment, inbound shipment)

•

The processing control (such as collective shipment using one mode of transport)

•

The service level (such as general cargo, grouped load)

•

The shipping type (such as truck, train, mail)

• •

The leg indicator (such as preliminary leg, subsequent leg, direct leg) Copying data from preceding documents (such as forwarding agent and route, if unique)

•

Message, output, text and partner determination procedures

•

Default values for the shipment document (such as weight and volume unit, planning profile)

•

Setting to trigger automatic generation of items in a delivery document for handling units created within a shipment

You can define your own shipment types to suit your own shipment requirements.

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Figure 12: Individual Shipment

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An individual shipment has the following characteristics: •

One or more inbound or outbound deliveries are involved in the shipment.

•

There is one single point of departure and one single destination.

•

In most cases, only one mode of transport is used.

•

A shipment document is created.

In the default system, shipment type 0001 is predefined. Important control

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characteristics in Customizing include: • Shipment Completion Type : 1 = Loaded outbound shipment • •

Process Control : 1 = Individual shipment using one mode of transport Leg indicator : 4 = Direct leg


Figure 13: Collective Shipment

O n l y

A collective shipment has the following characteristics: •

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One or more inbound or outbound deliveries are involved in the shipment.

•

There are one or more points of departure and one or more destinations.

•

In most cases, only one mode of transport is used.

•

A shipment document is created.


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In the standard system, shipment type 0002 is predefined. Important control characteristics in Customizing include: • • •

Shipment Completion Type : 1 = Loaded outbound shipment Process Control : 3 = Collective shipment using one mode of transport Leg Indicator : 4 = Direct leg I n t e r n a l

U s e S A P Figure 14: Transportation Chain

A transportation chain supports the shipment of inbound or outbound deliveries for which several modes of transport are to be used. This means that the deliveries are involved in various subsequent shipments. A transportation chain has the following characteristics:

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•

One or more deliveries are involved in several shipments.

•

There are one or more points of departure and one or more destinations.

•

Various modes of transport can be used.

•

Several shipment documents are created: preliminary legs, main leg, and subsequent legs. Special shipment types are available for this in the system.


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Example of a transportation chain: •

The computer manufacturer ships deliveries from Dresden and Hamburg to Boston and Philadelphia:

•

The deliveries from Dresden and Hamburg are shipped separately by truck or rail to Rotterdam: Leg Indicator 1 = preliminary leg

•

In Rotterdam, the deliveries are loaded together and shipped to New York: Leg Indicator 2 = main leg

•

In New York, the deliveries are again shipped separately by truck to Boston and by rail to Philadelphia: Leg Indicator 3 = subsequent leg

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Exercise 3: Controlling Transportation Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Get to know the shipment type control elements

•

Describe the various shipment types

•

Check the transportation relevance

Business Example You, as a project member, have helped the project team define your company's needs as regards transportation processing. Now you familiarize yourself with the shipment types and their control elements. You check to make sure that the shipment types defined in the system sufficiently meet your needs.

U s e

Shipments should always be created for some of your company’s delivery types, but not for others. You therefore check the settings for transportation relevance in the system.

S A P

Task 1: Caution: For the following exercises, only display the settings. Do not make any changes.

If you want to test your own settings, copy an existing shipment type and only make changes in that copy! 1.

Using the control elements, first check whether the predefined shipment type 0010 (inbound shipment) meets your requirements.

2.

How can you tell that this is an inbound shipment?

Your inbound shipments are handled by truck. Make sure that this setting is correct. Which indicator is responsible for this? ____________________________________________________________

4.

The inbound shipment should not be part of a transportation chain. In other words, inbound deliveries are involved in only one inbound shipment before arriving at their destination. How is this controlled?


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____________________________________________________________ 3.

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____________________________________________________________

Task 2: 1.

Now check the collective shipment by road (shipment type 0002). What are the settings for the following indicators? Make sure you understand what they mean.

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ShpmtComplType: Process Control: Leg indicator: Determine legs: Adopt route: Pick check:


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Solution 3: Controlling Transportation Task 1: Caution: For the following exercises, only display the settings. Do not make any changes.

If you want to test your own settings, copy an existing shipment type and only make changes in that copy! 1.

Using the control elements, first check whether the predefined shipment type 0010 (inbound shipment) meets your requirements. a)

Controlling Shipment Type 0010 (Inbound Shipment): Using IMG: Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipments

!

Define

Shipment Types

U s e

View the Details screen for collective shipment 0010. 2.

How can you tell that this is an inbound shipment? ____________________________________________________________ a)

S A P

Inbound shipment: Field ShpmtComplType: Loaded inbound shipment

3.

Your inbound shipments are handled by truck. Make sure that this setting is correct. Which indicator is responsible for this?

P a r t n e r

____________________________________________________________ a)

Transportation by truck: Field Shipping type: 01 Truck

4.

The inbound shipment should not be part of a transportation chain. In other words, inbound deliveries are involved in only one inbound shipment before arriving at their destination. How is this controlled?

O n l y

____________________________________________________________ a)

Not part of a transportation chain: Field Leg indicator: Direct leg


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Task 2: 1.

Now check the collective shipment by road (shipment type 0002). What are the settings for the following indicators? Make sure you understand what they mean.

ShpmtComplType: Process Control: Leg indicator: Determine legs: Adopt route: Pick check: a)

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Controlling Shipment Type 0002 (Collct.Shipmt-Road*): Using IMG: Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipments

!

Define

Shipment Types Select Collective shipment 0002 and view the Details screen.

ShpmtComplType: Process Control: Leg indicator: Determine legs: Adopt route: Pick check:

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Loaded outbound shipment Collective shipment using one mode of transport Direct leg Legs determined according to departure point & itinerary Adopt all stages No check regarding full picking


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•


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Lesson: Transportation Relevance Lesson Overview Shipments do not need to be planned for all business transactions. This is controlled using transportation relevance, which is explained in the following lesson.



Business Example

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It is clear in your company at an early stage whether a shipment should be organized for a delivery or not. For instance, no shipments are created for over-the-counter sales, for “outbound deliveries” of services, nor at the request of the customer.

U s e

Transportation Relevance


Figure 15: Transportation Relevance

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L e s s o n : Tr a n s p o r t a t i o n R e l e v a n c e

The delivery type, the delivery item category, and the route in the delivery uses transportation relevance to control whether a shipment can be created or not. So that a shipment can be created, the delivery type must be set as relevant for transportation. Similarly, at least one delivery item category in the delivery must be relevant for transportation. The delivery must contain a route that is relevant for transportation. This does not apply to inbound deliveries as these do not require a route. A route is defined as the connection between a point of departure and a destination point with several possible points in between. If, for outbound deliveries, not only route but also delivery type are relevant to transportation, then the delivery has transportation planning status A . Because route determination is not necessary for deliveries, only the delivery type must be relevant to transportation, so that the transportation planning status is set as A. However, the shipment will be checked during delivery selection to see if at least one of the item categories contained in the shipment is relevant to transportation. Only then can the (complete!) delivery be recorded in a shipment document.

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U s e S A P

Set transportation relevance in Customizing for transportation.


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Exercise 4: Transportation Relevance Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Check transportation relevance

I n t e r n a l

Business Example

Shipments should always be created for some of your company’s delivery types, but not for others. You therefore check the settings for transportation relevance in the system.

Task: 1.

Make sure transportation relevance is set correctly for the different operations in your company relevant for transportation.

2.

The following delivery types are among those used in your company. Check that these types are set as relevant for transportation in the system. But do not change the settings!

Choose the correct answer(s). A

Delivery LF

!

B C

Returns delivery LR Del. for stock trans. UL

!

D

Shipping notificat. EL

! !

3.

Find out whether the frequently-used routes from the Hamburg region to the Frankfurt and Stuttgart regions (R00025 and R00030) are relevant for transportation planning.


S A P P a r t n e r

________________________________________________________________

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Solution 4: Transportation Relevance Task: 1.

Make sure transportation relevance is set correctly for the different operations in your company relevant for transportation. a)

Check Transportation Relevance: Using IMG: Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipments

!

Maintain Transportation Relevance 2.

The following delivery types are among those used in your company. Check that these types are set as relevant for transportation in the system. But do not change the settings! Answer: A, B, D Transportation Relevance for Delivery Types:

Activities:Maintain transportation relevance for delivery types 3.

Find out whether the frequently-used routes from the Hamburg region to the Frankfurt and Stuttgart regions (R00025 and R00030) are relevant for transportation planning. ________________________________________________________________ a)

I n t e r n a l


Transportation Relevance for Routes: Activities:Maintain transportation relevance for routes Click on Position... to select the routes. R00025 and R00030 are relevant for transportation.

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•


•


•


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Unit 3 Creating Shipments Unit Overview The first decision made in the process is determining the method of creating shipments. If transportation documents can be widely automated and created based on rules, are manual decisions required, or should system-supported decisions be optimized? This unit will familiarize you with the various options for creating shipments.

U s e


Describe the possible criteria for creating shipments

•

Use the transportation-relevant information in the order, as well as explain how to copy it and explain its significance for transportation

•

Create shipments individually

•

Create shipments processing rules using Collective Processing and define the necessary

•

Define planning profiles and create shipments using the planning proposal.

•

Describe the connection to external transportation planning systems

•

Describe the direct communication between shipper and forwarding agent via the Internet

•

Set the tendering status in the shipment document

•

Describe the process of shipment tendering using a freight exchange.

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Unit Contents Lesson: Criteria and Methods for Creating Shipments ......................... Exercise 5: Creating Shipments Manually ................................... Lesson: Automatically Creating Shipments ...................................... Exercise 6: Creation of Shipments with Planning Proposal................ Exercise 7: Creating Shipments Using Collective Processing.............

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51 57 63 67 77

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U n i t3 :C r e a t i n gS h i p m e n t s

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Lesson: Interfaces in External Transportation Planning Systems and Other Scenarios .............................................................................

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L e s s o n : C r i t e r i a a n d M e t h o d s f o r C re a t i n g S h i p m e n t s

Lesson: Criteria and Methods for Creating Shipments Lesson Overview Inbound and outbound deliveries can be grouped into shipments according to different criteria. Depending on these criteria, the actual creation of shipments can vary.



•


•


Business Example In the model company, different criteria for combining deliveries and shipments are used.

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U s e S A P

Scenarios for Creating Shipments


Figure 16: Scenarios for Creating Shipments: Examples

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Shipments are collections of inbound or outbound deliveries that are shipped together. The inbound or outbound deliveries therefore have the same shipping conditions. Since these shipping conditions may differ according to companies' requirements, there are numerous criteria in the SAP System that can be used to group inbound or outbound deliveries to form shipments. These criteria are known as selection criteria. Examples of selection criteria:

•

Destination: Specified by such items as ship-to party, place, post code, country, plant

•

Point of departure: Specified by such items as shipping point, warehouse number, door, vendor

•

Due date: Specified by such items as transportation planning date, delivery date, loading date, delivery priority

•

Transportation planning: Specified by such items as route Incoterms, shipping type, forwarding agent

•

Other transportation-relevant information from the order or delivery: Items such as means of transport, means of transport type, handling units

Transportation-Relevant Information

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Figure 17: Transportation-R elevant Informatio n in the Order

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You can enter transportation-relevant information in the order. This allows you to store, for each order item, agreements made with the customer regarding the shipment (shipping details screen). The following information is available: •

Means of transport : Specifies the vehicle type with which the goods are to be transported, such as a 20 ton truck or bulk container. Material master records with a material type of a packaging material are maintained for means of transport.

•

Means of transport type : Specifies the category of the vehicle / means of transport, such as truck, container, or ship. The means of transport type therefore groups means of transport at a higher level. The means of transport type is defined in the table Packaging Material Types in Customizing.

•

Shipping type : With this you define the specifications for the mode of transport, such as road, rail, sea

•

Special processing indicator Specifies whether there are any special requirements to be met, such as express delivery.

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U s e

You can also define the same data in the header of the delivery document on tab page Transport.


Figure 18: Copying Transportation-Relevant Information

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The transportation-relevant information is copied from the order to the outbound delivery header, and thus provides the split criteria for outbound deliveries. For instance, you cannot combine two order items that have different shipping types to form a single outbound delivery. You can adapt the data transfer and split criteria using the copy control order delivery. You can use the information relevant to transportation as selection criteria when creating shipments. For example, you can choose to combine outbound deliveries having "truck" as the means of transport type and “small transporter” as the means of transport to form one shipment. You can also copy the information from the outbound deliveries to the shipment, if it is unique. For the means of transport, a handling unit is created in the shipment (again, only if it is unique). The transfer is performed if the “Planned” status is set. For this, you need to select an appropriate copy routine in shipment type Customizing. When the shipments are planned, the system also checks the capacity of the means of transport. If it is exceeded, a warning message appears.

Options for Creating Shipments

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Figure 19: Options for Creatin g Shipments

The ECC system contains different options for creating shipments:

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Shipments can be created manually using the “create shipment” function. Deliveries due to be shipped are chosen using different selection criteria and the documents manually created. You can also use a planning proposal. This is a pre-defined profile whose rules are used to determine how deliveries are automatically combined into shipments and completed with data. The system can also create shipments automatically. You use a Collective Processing

I n t e r n a l

run, which is executed online or in batch mode. The system creat es one or more shipment documents according to different processing rules.

If the shipments are created and optimized by an external transportation planning system, you can link this to the ECC System with an interface.

Creating Shipments Manually


Figure 20: Creating Shipments Manually

The Create Shipment function determines all deliveries due for shipping within a transportation planning point and creates shipment documents online. Deliveries due for shipment are all those that are transportation-relevant and have transportation planning status A or B (see unit “Controlling Transportation Processing”).

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First, you select the inbound or outbound deliveries for which you want to create shipments. To simplify the selection procedure, you can define selection variants and, if necessary, store them for each shipment type in Customizing. The selected delivery documents are then listed in the transportation planning screen. You can then manually assign shipments and continue processing them.

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Exercise 5: Creating Shipments Manually Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Select transportation-relevant inbound and outbound deliveries for shipments

•

Create shipments manually

•

Create shipments using the Planning Proposal

Business Example In certain cases, the transportation planner manually creates inbound shipments from different vendors to the Hamburg plant. A planning proposal is used to create outbound shipments from the Hamburg plant to simplify the work of the transportation planner. You test these scenarios and create a single shipment and outbound collective shipments.

Task: 1.

In the Hamburg transportation planning point, you create shipments from your vendors in Germany to your Hamburg plant.

2.

Create an inbound shipment. For this, choose TransportPlanningPt1000 as well as Shipment type Inbound Shipment . Select all inbound deliveries due to be shipped using the following data:

Vendor: Delivery date:

T-S11F## and T-S11H##

Hint: Use the the two v endors.

multiple selection/single value for selection using


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3.

The inbound delivery to plant 1200 (Dresden) should not be included in the shipment. Move this delivery to the lower section of the Deliveries not assigned screen.

4.

Now save the shipment and note the document number. Record the shipment number on line 4 of your Transaction Data Sheet.

5.

* Optional

Change the current display variant for the upper half of the screen Shipments and deliveries by selecting one or more fields from the Hidden Fields list to meet your requirements. Then save the variant under your group number.

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Solution 5: Creating Shipments Manually Task: 1.

In the Hamburg transportation planning point, you create shipments from your vendors in Germany to your Hamburg plant. a)

Create inbound shipment manually: Choose Logistics Logistics Execution !

Transportation Planning

!

2.

Create

!

Transportation Single Documents !

I n t e r n a l

!

Create an inbound shipment. For this, choose TransportPlanningPt1000 as well as Shipment type Inbound Shipment . Select all inbound deliveries due to be shipped using the following data:



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Vendor: Delivery date :


Hint: Use the the two vendors.

multiple selection/single value for selection using

a)

TransportPlanPt: Shipment type: Choose

1000 (Trsp. Hamburg Truck) 0010 Inbound Shipment

Select Deliveries .

Vendor:


For entry, choose

Multiple selection and enter the two vendors as

single values. Choose

Copy.

Delivery date :

Choose 3.

until

Execute.

The inbound delivery to plant 1200 (Dresden) should not be included in the shipment. Move this delivery to the lower section of the Deliveries not assigned screen. a)

Move inbound delivery to plant 1200: Use drag and drop to move the inbound delivery to the lower half of the

Deliveries not assigned screen.


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4.

Now save the shipment and note the document number. Record the shipment number on line 4 of your Transaction Data Sheet. a)

Choose

Save.

Record the shipment number on line 4 of your Transaction Data Sheet. 5.

* Optional

Change the current display variant for the upper half of the screen Shipments and

deliveries by selecting one or more fields from the Hidden Fields list to meet your requirements. Then save the variant under your group number. a)

Change and save the display variant: Call up the document in change mode:

Logistics Planning

! !

Logistics Execution Transportation Transportation Change Single Documents Shipments and Deliveries !

!

!

!

In the upper half of the screen, choose

Current layout .

Select your required display fields and their position and length. Choose Copy to transfer the settings. Choose Save layout and in the dialog box, enter a name ( A##) and a description for the variant. To access your variant in the future, choose

Select layout .

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•


•


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L e s s o n : A u t o m a t i c a l l y C r e at i n g S h i p m e n t s

Lesson: Automatically Creating Shipments Lesson Overview Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •

Create shipments using Collective Processing and define the necessary processing rules

•


Business Example To simplify creating shipments, the process occurs largely automatically within the the model company - partially overnight. In case that shipments must be planned manually, for example special shipments, a system default that supports the transportation planner during planning should be used.

Creating Shipments Using Collective Processing

I n t e r n a l


Figure 21: Creating Shipments Using Collective Processing

The system can automatically create shipments either online or in the background.

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You can use Collective Processing to: •

Create inbound, individual, or collective shipments

•

Make a full truck load (one shipment per delivery)

•

Create parts of a transportation chain or an entire transportation chain.

From the shipment list that contains all deliveries relevant for transportation, the system automatically selects deliveries and creates the desired shipments. To do so, you must specify rules that determine Shipment Processing. These are rules that refer to: •

Type of shipments

•

Selection of deliveries

•

Creation of the shipments (grouping deliveries, data and options)

•

Saving shipments

•

The processing log

I n t e r n a l

U s e

In the ECC system, the rules are specified by creating “variants”.

S A P P a r t n e r O n l y Figure 22: Processing Rules for Collective Processing

In the first step ( Default settings), you determine whether the system is to create inbound or outbound shipments. All other entry options depend on this selection.

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Using Select Deliveries , you enter the criteria by which deliveries are selected to be processed in a collective processing run. To do this, you can select the name of an existing selection variant, maintain an existing variant or create a new variant. Using the Grouping criteria variant, you determine which rules are to be applied to allocate the selected deliveries to shipments. You can, additionally, determine the sort order of the deliveries within the shipments and consequently the itinerary. You can also specify capacity limits (min. and max.). Subsequently, you determine which data is to be included in the created shipments (variant Data and options). You can also specify whether a shipment should be saved if there are errors, with such settings as always save data, do not save if error/warning, or never save (simulation). Finally, you must specify which type of log is to be created during Collective Processing, for example, normal log, detailed log, or very detailed log.

I n t e r n a l

U s e

Creating Shipments with Planning Proposal

S A P P a r t n e r O n l y Figure 23: Creating Shipments with Planning Proposal

You can use the planning proposal when you create shipments manually. This function allows the transportation planner to simplify and automate manual planning.

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You select the deliveries due for transportation manually, as you do when you create the shipments manually. You can then choose the planning proposal, which engages the system to automatically combine the selected deliveries in shipments and complete them with data. Unlike Collective Processing, you can change or edit the created shipments manually before saving.

I n t e r n a l

U s e S A P

The planning profile contains a combination profile variant. This determines which criteria is used to combine the selected deliveries in shipments.

P a r t n e r

The planning profile also contains the data profile variant. In the data profile, you define which data should be entered into the created shipments. Thus, for example, you could copy shipment and shipping type, service agent, identification or dates into the shipments.

O n l y

Figure 24: Planning Profile

The planning proposal arises from a planning profile saved in Customizing within the shipment type.

The values proposed by the planning profile can be changed during processing. You can use the same variants for a planning profile as for collective processing, because the planning profile is regarded in technical terms as a variant of Collective Processing for creating shipments.

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Exercise 6: Creation of Shipments with Planning Proposal. Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Create shipments using the planning proposal

•

Use the shipment worklist to create multiple shipments automatically

Business Example A planning proposal is used to create outbound shipments from the Hamburg plant to simplify the work of the transportation planner.

Task 1:

U s e

Check the created deliveries in an order. 1.

In many cases, the order processor determines in the sales order any special requirements for transporting the goods or defines the required means of transport. Call up the order with the purchase order number ##-SCM611-03.

2.

Display the means of transport and the special processing indicator for each item. 1. MeansTransp.: Item

Spec. processing: 2. MeansTransp.: Item

Spec. processing: 3.

_____________________ _____________________ _____________________

Branch to the document flow for the order. How many outbound deliveries have been created? Why?



S A P P a r t n e r

_____________________

__________________________________________________________________

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Task 2: Create shipment documents using a planning proposal and check the result. 1.

Create the shipments in the transportation planning point in Hamburg (1000). Use the shipment type for collective shipments by road (0002). Outbound deliveries should be selected using the following criteria: Shipping Point

Delivery date: from and to

Z0## until

2.

Move the outbound delivery to Frankfurt with weight 259.5 kg to the Deliveries not assigned section.

3.

Now select all outbound deliveries and choose the planning proposal. Which planning profile is proposed? Where does it come from? ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

4.

Display the combination profile by choosing Change. Which criteria are used to combine the outbound deliveries? (Don’t change the settings!) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

5.

Display the data profile. What data is assigned to the created shipments? ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

6.

Now execute the planning proposal. How many shipments are created? Why? ____________________________________________________________ Go to overview for each shipment and check whether the required information has been copied from the data profile.


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Shipment Number

Destinations

Route(s)

$1

$2

$3

Save the remaining shipments and note the document numbers. Record the shipment document numbers on lines 5, 6, and 7 of your Transaction Data Sheet. Make sure you record each shipment number on the line matching the itinerary of the shipment.

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Solution 6: Creation of Shipments with Planning Proposal. Task 1: Check the created deliveries in an order. 1.

In many cases, the order processor determines in the sales order any special requirements for transporting the goods or defines the required means of transport. Call up the order with the purchase order number ##-SCM611-03. a)

Display transportation-relevant information in the sales order:

Logistics b)

!

Sales and Distribution

c)

Sales

!

Order

!

Display

Search using the purchase order number Input Purchase Order No.: ##-SCM611–03and click

2.

!

Select the order found and choose

Search. Copy.

Display the means of transport and the special processing indicator for each item.

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1. MeansTransp.: Item

_____________________

Spec. processing:

_____________________

2. MeansTransp.: Item

_____________________

Spec. processing: a)

Choose Goto

!

Item

_____________________ !

MeansTransp.: Spec. processing: b)

Choose

TM-100

U s e

Next Item in order to see details for the second item.

MeansTransp.: Spec. processing: 3.

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Shipping, Shipping tab:

TM-101 EX

Branch to the document flow for the order. How many outbound deliveries have been created? Why? __________________________________________________________________ a)

Display document flow: Return to the overview screen

Environment

!

Display document flow

Hint: If you only see one delivery, return to the order using Back and click on a header field in the order, for example sold-to party, before calling up the document flow again. Two deliveries were created, because the means of transport represent a split criterion for delivery creatio n. In other words, the transportation-relevant information must be unique for each outbound delivery.


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Task 2: Create shipment documents using a planning proposal and check the result. 1.

Create the shipments in the transportation planning point in Hamburg (1000). Use the shipment type for collective shipments by road (0002). Outbound deliveries should be selected using the following criteria: Shipping Point

Z0##

Delivery date: from and to

a)

Choose Logistics

until

Logistics Execution Transportation Transportation Planning Create Single Documents !

!

!

!

!

b)

TransportPlanningPt Shipment type Choose

1000 Trsp. Hamburg Truck Collct.Shipmt-Road*

Select Deliveries to reach selection of deliveries.

c) Shipping Point Delivery date: from and to

Choose 2.

until

Execute.

Move the outbound delivery to Frankfurt with weight 259.5 kg to the Deliveries not assigned section. a)

3.

Z0##

Mark the outbound delivery to Frankfurt with weight 259.5 kg and drag it to the Deliveries not assigned section.

Now select all outbound deliveries and choose the planning proposal. Which planning profile is proposed? Where does it come from? ____________________________________________________________


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____________________________________________________________ a)

Select All , followed by Selected Deliveries.

Choose

Create Planning Proposal for

The found Planning Profile: 0002-02 is assigned to Customizing for the shipment type. 4.

Display the combination profile by choosing Change.

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Which criteria are used to combine the outbound deliveries? (Don’t change the settings!) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ a)

In the Combination profilesection, choose

Change.

The outbound deliveries are combined according to shipping point, route, means of transport, and special processing indicator. The routes are grouped; you can tell this by the fact that the arrow pointing to the right at the end of the Route line is activated (the box is green). This means that outbound deliveries among others are combined according to this group of routes. Choose 5.

Back.

____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ In the Data profile section, choose

Change.

You want to create collective shipments in transportation planning point 1000. Data:

Service Agent: 1058 Leg determination: should be performed Choose 6.

Back.

Now execute the planning proposal.


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Display the data profile. What data is assigned to the created shipments?

a)

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How many shipments are created? Why? ____________________________________________________________ Go to overview for each shipment and check whether the required information has been copied from the data profile. Shipment Number

Destinations

Route(s)

$1

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$2

$3

U s e

Save the remaining shipments and note the document numbers.



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Record the shipment document numbers on lines 5, 6, and 7 of your Transaction Data Sheet. Make sure you record each shipment number on the line matching the itinerary of the shipment. a)

Choose Execute. Based on the grouping criteria, three shipments were created: Shipment Number

Destinations

Route(s)

$1

Berlin

$2

Frankfurt-

R00025

Stuttgart-

R00030

Munich

R00020

$3

Stuttgart

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R00001

U s e

R00030

Record the shipment document numbers on lines 5, 6, and 7 of your Transaction Data Sheet. Make sure you record each shipment number on the line matching the itinerary of the shipment. All outbound deliveries in the second shipment have routes belonging to the same group, and they all have the same means of transport (TM-100). The outbound delivery in the third shipment belongs to the same route group but has a different means of transport. The outbound delivery in the first shipment has a route from a different group.

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Exercise 7: Creating Shipments Using Collective Processing Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Use the shipment worklist to create several shipments automatically

Business Example In Dresden, shipments are usually created automatically using Collective Processing.

Task 1: Carry out a collective run in which you create outbound individual shipments for all deliveries due to be shipped from your shipping point in Dresden. 1.

You would like to define new processing rules for Collective Processing that should be used for outbound shipments.

2.

Create a new selection variant called DRESDEN##. The following outbound deliveries should be selected when you use this variant:

Shipping Point Country of destination Delivery date: from and to

External Delivery ID 3.

X0##(## Shipping Point Dresden) DE(Germany)

NORMAL (Use capitals!)

Since you want to create individual shipments with one destination per shipment, group the selected outbound deliveries according to ship-to party. Enter the variant DRESDEN## for grouping criteria by choosing the shipping point and the number of the ship-to party as grouping criteria.

Next, define the data and options for the shipment document. Once again, create a variant titled DRESDEN##. The following data should be entered:


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The shipment cannot exceed a maximum weight of 7.5 tons. 4.

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TransportPlanPt: Shipment type Service agent

1200 (Dresden) 0001 Indiv.Shipment - Road 1106 (SPEDITRANS Transport

GmbH)

External ID 1

5.

Shipment run ##

The status Planned should be set as Planned. Now, the combination of newly created variants should be saved as a variant for Collective Processing. In the case of error or warning messages, no shipment should be saved, but a normal log should be saved.

Task 2: Carry out Collective Processing by using the above variants. 1.

Start Collective Processing.

2.

How many outbound deliveries were found?

3.

What shipments were created? Record the shipment document numbers on lines 8, 9, 10, and 11 of your data sheet.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________ 4.

Display one of the shipments that was created and make sure that all the fields specified in the Data and Options variant have been filled in:

TransportPlanPt: Shipment type: Service agent: External ID 1: Status:

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Solution 7: Creating Shipments Using Collective Processing Task 1: Carry out a collective run in which you create outbound individual shipments for all deliveries due to be shipped from your shipping point in Dresden. 1.

You would like to define new processing rules for Collective Processing that should be used for outbound shipments. a)

Choose Logistics

Logistics Execution Transportation Transportation Planning Create Collective Processing !

!

!

b) 2.

!

!

Select Create outgoing shipments in the Default settings section.

Create a new selection variant called DRESDEN##. The following outbound deliveries should be selected when you use this variant:

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External Delivery ID a)

X0##(## Shipping Point Dresden) DE(Germany) until NORMAL (Use capitals!)

Input in Selection variant; DRESDEN## and choose

Maintn.

Enter the following selection criteria:


External Delivery ID

X0##(## Shipping Point Dresden) DE(Germany) until NORMAL (Use capitals!)

Choose Variant Attributes. Give the variant the name Dresden## and save by clicking . Choose 3.

Back twice.

Since you want to create individual shipments with one destination per shipment, group the selected outbound deliveries according to ship-to party. Enter the variant DRESDEN## for grouping criteria by choosing the shipping point and the number of the ship-to party as grouping criteria. The shipment cannot exceed a maximum weight of 7.5 tons. a)

Input i n Grouping criteria; DRESDEN## and choose

Maintn.

Select grouping criteria Shipping point and Number of ship-to party. Enter for capacity limit Weight Max.: 7.5 to . Choose Variant Attributes. Give the variant the name Dresden## and save by clicking . Choose

Back. Continued on next page

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4.

Next, define the data and options for the shipment document. Once again, create a variant titled DRESDEN##. The following data should be entered:


1200 (Dresden) 0001 Indiv.Shipment - Road 1106 (SPEDITRANS Transport

GmbH)

External ID 1

I n t e r n a l

Shipment run ##

The status Planned should be set as Planned. a)

Input in Data and options: DRESDEN## and choose

Maintn.

Enter the data as it appears in the following table:


1200 (Dresden) 0001 Indiv.Shipment - Road 1106 (SPEDITRANS Transport GmbH)

External ID 1

Shipment run ##

Select the status Planned. Choose . Give the variant the name Dresden## and Variant Attributes save by clicking . Choose 5.

Back.

Now, the combination of newly created variants should be saved as a variant for Collective Processing. In the case of error or warning messages, no shipment should be saved, but a normal log should be saved. a)

In the area Save created shipments, choose Do not save if warning/error and in the Log area, choose the Normal log selection.

b)

Choose

Save as Variant and enter in the next screen under Variant Name Meaning V##.

Collective Processing. Assign the

Save by pressing

.


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Task 2: Carry out Collective Processing by using the above variants. 1.

Start Collective Processing. a)

If you exited the transaction after the previous task, choose Logistics

Logistics Execution Transportation Create Collective Processing. !

!


!

!

!

2.

Get Variant and select your variant with the name V##.

b)

Choose

c)

Then, carry out Collective Processing by choosing

Execute.

How many outbound deliveries were found? _______________________________________________________________ a)

Expand the log in order to display the details. Four outbound deliveries were found.

3.

What shipments were created? Record the shipment document numbers on lines 8, 9, 10, and 11 of your data sheet. _______________________________________________________________ a)

4.

Four shipments were created. Record the shipment document numbers on lines 8, 9, 10, and 11 of your data sheet.

Display of the shipments that variant was created specifiedone in the Data and Options have and beenmake filledsure in: that all the fields

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TransportPlanPt: Shipment type: Service agent: External ID 1: Status: a)

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Place the cursor on one of the created shipments and choose Display document.

TransportPlanPt: Shipment type: Service agent: External ID 1: Status:

1200 Individual shipment Road (0001) 1106

U s e

RUN## Planned


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Les so n: In te rf ac es in Ex te rna l Tra nsp or ta tio n Pla nni ng Sy st em s an d Ot her Sc ena ri os

Lesson: Interfaces in External Transportation Pla nning Systems and Other Scenarios Lesson Overview In situations where the transportation planning in the SAP system does not meet all your requirements, it is possible to connect to another system or establish a communication system allowing for cooperation with forwarding agents. This lesson explains the different options.



•


•


•


Business Example The model company wants to examine how transportation planning can be supported with optimization tools, as well as the extent that collaborative scenarios are possible.

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Transportation Planning Using a Subsystem

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U s e Figure 25: Transportation Planning Using a Subsystem

To meet special customer requirements for efficient and optimized transportation planning, you can use the LE-TPS interface between the ECC system and one or more specialized external transportation planning systems (TPS). For planning shipments using an external system, the system selects a set of deliveries to be shipped in the system and sends them to the planning system via the interface. The planning system then combines the deliveries to form shipments according to optimization criteria. The shipments are transferred back to the system via the interface, which triggers the generation of the shipment documents. The transportation planning system thus combines and changes the shipments. All other processing tasks for the shipment (printing documents, reporting the start of shipment, and so on) are performed in the system using standard document processing functions. To link the external system to the SAP system, you assign the external system to a transportation planning point. Communication between the systems is based on ALE technology and the transmission of IDocs.

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Normally, data transfer is initiated by output control for deliveries. You must first define a corresponding output type (TPS0 as template) for the transportation planning point.

Transportation Planning with SAP SCM With SAP SCM TP/VS (Transportation Planning / Vehicle Scheduling), you can explicitly plan, optimize and perform all transportation planning between organizations. The fundamentals of planning are sales (sales orders, purchase orders, returns or stock transfer orders) and deliveries that you created in SAP ECC and transferred to SAP SCM over the SAP APO Core Interface (CIF). The result of TP/VS Planning are planned shipments that you transfer to SAP ECC after planning is completed. There, you carry out the shipment execution.

I n t e r n a l


Figure 26: Transportation Planning with TP/VS

Features Interactive Planning

You use interactive planning to plan and edit manual shipments for your sales and deliveries. The planning view with various planning boards is available for interactive planning.

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Optimization

You can optimize the planning of shipments based upon costs, as well as determine optimal delivery sequences and transportation dates and times. Constraints (such as loading capacity, loading resources, incompatibilities) are taken into consideration. You can start optimization from interactive planning or plan it in the background. You can further edit the optimization results in interactive planning. Transportation Service Provider Selection You can manually or automatically assign transportation service providers to your planned shipments using the transportation service provider selection. The system bases automatic assignment on a transportation service provider's profile using the criteria you define for assignment, such as costs or priority. You can interactively trigger the transportation service provider selection or plan it in the background.

I n t e r n a l

U s e

Communication with Forwarding Agents


Figure 27: Tendering for Service Agents

A created shipment can be tendered and offered to a service agent. Shippers and service agents communicate over the Internet, so the service agent needs neither an R/3 System nor EDI.

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An example of the usual tendering procedure: •

The shipper creates a shipment in the SAP system. Before it can be tendered, it must be planned. In other words, the service agent and stages must be defined.

•

The shipper offers the shipment to the service agent via the Internet (tendering).

•

The service agent has Internet access to the shipments offered, and can accept them, reject them, or accept them under certain conditions.

•

The shipper confirms the acceptance or rejection by the service agent and sends further information if necessary. The service agent starts to process the shipment, defining planned data and setting a status for the shipment.

•

The forwarding agent can access information about new shipments at any time from the tendering list. The forwarding agent can view the processing status of accepted shipments in the status list.

I n t e r n a l


Figure 28: Tendering in the Shipment Document

O n l y

The “ten dering” tab in the shipment overview summarizes the most important information about the tendering of the shipment. The tendering status indicates the current status of a shipment with respect to negotiations with a forwarding agent over the Internet. Certain conditions are defined for setting each individual tendering status. Generally, you can only set a status if a forwarding agent is defined at header level in the shipment, if stages are defined, and a Planned status is set. The shipper makes some status settings, and the forwarding agent makes others.

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In the “Acceptance condition/rejection reason” field, you can define the conditions under which a forwarding agent accepts or rejects a shipment.

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U s e Figure 29: Tendering via Freight Exchange

Freight exchanges enable their members (who include both shippers and forwarding agents) to match shippers who need transportation services with forwarding agents who provide transportation services. The shipper and forwarding agent exchange information related to the transportation requirements, shipping conditions and prices. When the shipment is completed, the freight exchange issues an invoice to the shipper and pays the forwarding agent. Generally, transportation planners use the freight exchange service for smaller (Less than truck load/partial load) shipments in an environment in which the forwarding agents are seeking smaller shipments to complete a load. In these cases, the forwarding agent will be more inclined to perform the service at a lower price. When the shipment is tendered to the freight exchange, the shipper specifies the maximum price and a time. A carrier can respond with an offer that can be accepted or rejected by the shipper.

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The freight exchange tendering process is performed via the Internet with the use of XML documents.

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U s e Figure 30: Transportation Planning by the Forwarding Agent

In a business scenario in which a forwarding agent works primarily for a particular shipper (or a shipper primarily for a particular forwarding agent), collaboration between shipper and forwarding various scenarios for such agent cases.can save both partners time and money. There ar ethe In one, the forwarding agent can principally work like an external transportation planning system. The shipper transfers the deliveries to the forwarding agent; the forwarding agent then groups these deliveries in his own system. These planned shipments are then transferred back from the forwarding agent and generated in the shipper's SAP system, where they can be further processed.

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Figure 31 : Transportation Planning in Cooperation with the Forwarding Agent

Another possibility is that the forwarding agent can access the shipper's system by an Internet port al. Thus, the forwarding agent can save the costs of EDI or other software. The shipper maintains control over the planning process because the shipper can determine which planning functions the forwarding agent receives and which data the forwarding agent can see and change. The shipper does this in the configuration of transportation processing for forwarding agents using the basic settings required by forwarding agents for transportation planning, status and result confirmation. The shipper can accept or reject the forwarding agent's planned shipments at any time. If the tendering status is set to “confirmed” by the shipper, an email message can be sent automatically to the forwarding agent using output controls.


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Unit 4 Shipment Processing Unit Overview Depending on the situation, different information is required in transportation documents, such as for settlement or external communication. This unit explains the various options as well as automation functions.

Unit Objectives

U s e


Describe the concept of shipment stages and how they are determined

•

Define routes, explain how they are determined, and describe their importance in the shipment process.

•

Give examples of message types

•

Transfer information from the delivery documents to the shipment document

• •

Call up various status information Define and assign activity profiles

•

Describe the option of splitting deliveries after shipment creation (subsequent delivery split)

•

Process several shipment documents using mass changes

•

Estimate shipment costs

•

Pack and load the goods for shipment

•

Explain the connection to the dangerous goods check in shipments

•

Explain the procedure for the dangerous goods check

•

Generate different lists to obtain information about shipments

•

Use these lists as a basis for further shipment processing

•

Use graphical transportation information as a key source of data

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...... ....... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... . 97



Unit Contents Lesson: Stages...........

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U n i t4 :S h i p m e n tP ro c e s s i n g

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Exercise 8: Stages ............................................................. Lesson: Processing Functions in Shipments.................................... Exercise 9: Shipment Processing .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. Lesson: Additional Functions in Shipments ..................................... Exercise 10: Using Mass Changes for Shipment Documents............ Lesson: Packing and Loading in Shipments .................................... Exercise 11: Packing and Lo ading in Shi pments... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Lesson: Dangerous Goods Management in Shipments .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

105 114 121 129 133 137 139 143

Lesson: Shipment Monitoring . .... ... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... 149 Exercise 12: Shipment Monitoring ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. 157

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L e s s o n :S t a g e s

Lesson: Stages Lesson Overview This lesson explains the different options for creating stages.

Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • Describe the concept of shipment stages and how they are determined •


Business Example Geographical information in the shipment document that is mapped using stages is necessary for transportation processing and shipment cost calculation.

Stages

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Figure 32: Shipment Stages

Stages contain information on the geographical characteristics of a shipment. This information is frequently used as a basis for calculating shipment costs.

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The system differentiates between the following stage types: •

Leg: Connection between a starting point and an ending point; a starting or ending point can be a transportation connection point, a shipping point, an unloading point at the customer's or vendor's site, or similar location.

•

Load transfer point : Location/point where a shipment is loaded/unloaded or transferred from one means of transport to another

•

Border crossing point : Location/point where a shipment crosses the border.

For each stage, you can record information, such as the responsible service agent, deadlines, distance, shipment cost relevance, freight code, and so on. You can also assign the deliveries to the individual stages.

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U s e S A P

Figure 33: Determining the Shipment Stages

There are several options for determining stages in the shipment document. You can manually create the stages on the stage screen of the shipment document. You can use all three types of stages as required. One way o f simplifying manual entry of stages is to let the system automatically determine the legs. However, this function does not involve intelligent route determination with geographic optimization! Based on simple rules, the system generates legs only, determining the points of departure, the destinations, and some leg-related data such as shipping type, service agent, leg indicator, and shipment cost relevance. Using the Determine legs parameter in Customizing for the shipment type, you can control which type of leg determination is used.

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Another way of simplifying stage determination is to adopt the stages from the route in the shipment document header. In this case, the stages defined in the route are copied. Using the Adopt route parameter in the shipment type, you can control if and which stages are to be adopted. This method of determining stages is highly recommended for recurring operations. It considerably reduces the amount of manual maintenance of the stages.

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Route Determination

U s e S A P

Figure 34: Automatic Leg Determination

The system provides several automatic leg determination procedures. There are currently 6 different procedures in the standard system. You control leg determination using a leg determination indicator , which is defined for the shipment type. Example: Leg determination indicator 1 : Legs determined according to departure point and

itinerary.

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The goods are sequentially picked up at the shipping points (pick-up sequence) and then sequentially delivered to the ship-to parties (itinerary). •

The itinerary is derived from the sequence of the deliveries in the shipment document.

•

The pick-up sequence is derived from the fact that the goods loaded last reach their shipping point first; however, you can change this sequence in a dialog box.

You can trigger automatic leg determination by: •

Initiating it directly on the Stages screen in the shipment document

•

Setting status Planned in the shipment header

If the leg determination procedures in the standard system do not meet your requirements, you can activate a customer enhancement (“V56SLDET”), which lets you create your own leg determination procedure.

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U s e

Routes in the Shipment

S A P P a r t n e r O n l y Figure 35: Route Information

You define routes in Customizing.

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A route can contain many pieces of information that are important for the shipment, such as distance, transportation lead time, travel duration, shipping type, service agent, and so on. In the route definiti on, you can define a total weight allowed. When this field is filled in a route, a message is displayed for any shipment that uses this route that exceeds the allowed total weight. The allowed total weight field is not used in order or delivery processing. If you define stages for the route, you first need to provide transportation connection points by creating starting points and destination points for the legs, as well as load transfer points and border crossing points. At the stage level, you can also define information such as distance, service agent, leg indicator, shipping type, travel duration, and total duration. A transportation connection point could be an airport, a railway station, a harbor, or a border crossing point. However, you can also use the connection point to refer to a plant, a shipping point, a customer, or a vendor.

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Figure 36: Route Definition

A route is the journey to be covered between a departure point and a destination.

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A route can be defined in great detail and consists of individual stages, but it can also be a quite general description or even simply a destination area. Like a shipment stage, a stage can be a leg, a load transfer point, or a border crossing point. Example:

The above route consists of 5 stages - 3 legs, 1 load transfer point, and 1 border crossing point.

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U s e S A P

Figure 3 7: Route Determination

The system determines the route for each order item. The following criteria play a role in this: •

The departure zone of the shipping point (definition of the shipping point)

•

The ship ping condition from the customer (from the customer master of the sold-to party)

•

The transportation group of the material (from the material master)

•

The transportation zone of the ship-to party (from the customer master of the ship-to party)

The route can be redetermined in the outbound delivery. In addition to the above criteria, the weight group of the delivery is considered. If you are working with routes in the shipment (optional), you can enter a different route here. This route must not be identical to one of the routes in the deliveries.

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It is also possible to transfer the route from the deliveries to the shipment (if it is the same for all deliveri es). When the status is set to “planned” in the shipment document, the route and some other information are copied. To adopt the route, you must define an appropriate copy routine for the shipment type (in the standard system: routine 2, 7, 11, or 12). The system does not automatically determine the route in inbound deliveries. You can enter the route manually in the header of the inbound delivery. The route can also be transferred to the shipment document, as with outbound deliveries.

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U s e S A P

Figure 38: Transfer of Stages From the Route to the Shipment

A route can be used in the shipment header, but this is optional. If you defined the route, andthe the Adopt route inasshipment header is setstages for thefor shipment type, route stages stages from are copied shipment parameter stages.


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Exercise 8: Stages Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Execute stage determination

•

Define stages in routes

Business Example Once the shipments have been created, stages must be created or the legs that were determined must be checked.

Task 1: The same forwarding agent always handles the inbound shipments from vendors to your Hamburg plant. This forwarding agent always uses a particular route. This route also provides the basis for calculating the shipment costs. You therefore work with routes in the shipment header for the inbound shipments. 1.

Create new route RZ00## with the description Inbound Shipments Route TransLog ## .

2.

Define two new connection points for vendors T-S11F## and T-S11H##. Enter the number of the vendor as the description of the point.

Hint: Before stages can be created in the route, transportation connection points need to be defined (this is one of the bigger differences from creating stages in the shipment document manually: Transportation connection points can be used there, but do not have to be).

3.

Now create the stages of your route. Mark both stages as relevant for shipment costs and enter shipping type01 TRUCK. Stage 1: Shipment Leg

Departure point Dest. point Service agent: Distance:

T-S11F## T-S11H## T-S11G## (TransLog) 135 km


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Stage 2: Shipment Leg

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T-S11H## Plant1000 T-S11G## (TransLog) 580 km

Task 2: You would now like to plan the inbound shipment that you created in the “Creating Shipments” unit (line 4 on the data sheet). 1. 2.

Call up the inbound shipment to Change. Enter the route you have just created in the shipment overview. Then go to the to the Stages tab in the lower part of the screen. Which shipment stages have been created? Why? ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

3.

Determine which inbound deliveries are included in each stage. Stage 1: ______________________________________________ Stage 2: ______________________________________________

Task 3: You are now planning the collective shipment Hamburg – Frankfurt – Stuttgart – Munich, which you created using the planning proposal (line no. 6 on the data sheet). 1.

Call up the collective shipment to change it.

2.

Go to the Stages tab. Which stages have been created? What setting was these stages based on? Stage 1: ______________________________________________ Stage 2: ______________________________________________ Stage 3: ______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

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Solution 8: Stages Task 1: The same forwarding agent always handles the inbound shipments from vendors to your Hamburg plant. This forwarding agent always uses a particular route. This route also provides the basis for calculating the shipment costs. You therefore work with routes in the shipment header for the inbound shipments. 1.

Create new route RZ00## with the description Inbound Shipments Route TransLog ## . a)

In the IMG , choose: Logistics Execution

Transportation Functions and Stages

!

b)

Routes

!

Transportation Basic Define Routes Define Routes !

!

!

Choose the New Entries button. Enter the following data:

Route: Description:

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RZ00## Inbound shipments route TransLog ##

S A P

Save the new route.



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Define two new connection points for vendors T-S11F## and T-S11H##. Enter the number of the vendor as the description of the point.

Hint: Before stages can be created in the route, transportation connection points need to be defined (this is one of the bigger differences from creating stages in the shipment document manually: Transportation connection points can be used there, but do not have to be).

a)

In the dialog structure, choose Transportation connection point, followed by New Entries: Enter the following data:

Points:

T-S11F## - Sunny Electronics

(Reference cust./vendor) Vendor:

T-S11F##

Click Save, followed by next connection point:

Points:

T-S11F## - PAQ

(Reference cust./vendor) Vendor:

T-S11H##

After choosing route. 3.

Back. Then choose New Entries for the

Save, select

Back twice to return to the newly defined

Mark both stages as relevant for shipment costs and enter shipping type01 TRUCK.


T-S11F## T-S11H## T-S11G## (TransLog) 135 km


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Now create the stages of your route.


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a)


T-S11H## Plant1000 T-S11G## (TransLog) 580 km

In the dialog structure, choose Route Stages. Caution: There are two icons, Insert New Entry and Add New Entry. In the first step, it does not matter which icon you

use. In the next step, however, the sequence of stages is defined by whether the stage is “added” (at the end) or “inserted” (before the actual item). You can also shift between a Single-Column and Double-Column view. As long as only one stage is defined, pressing Shift always results in a detailed view.

Choose

Insert New Entry or

T-S11F##

Unit: Shipping type: ShCR:

km 01

Save the stage and choose Choose Double-Column and then first), Choose

U s e

Add New Entry

Departure point: Dest. point: Service agent: Distance:

S A P

T-S11H## T-S11G## 135

P a r t n e r

Select

Back. Back (the system goes to stage details

Add New Entry :

Departure point: Dest. point: Service agent:

T-S11H## Plant1000 T-S11G##


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Distance: Unit: Shipping type: ShCR:

580 km 01 Select

Note: You must enter the destination point in the double-column

view first. Then you can maintain the valu es in the table or by using Details. Click Save and exit route maintenance by clicking

Back.

Task 2: You would now like to plan the inbound shipment that you created in the “Creating Shipments” unit (line 4 on the data sheet). 1.

Call up the inbound shipment to Change. a)

Choose Logistics

Logistics Execution Transportation Transportation Planning Create Single Documents !

!

!

!

!

Enter the number of the shipment document from the “Creating Shipments” unit (see Line no. 4 on the data sheet). 2.

Enter the route you have just created in the shipment overview. Then go to the to the Stages tab in the lower part of the screen. Which shipment stages have been created? Why? ________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________ a)

Shipment Overview : Processing tab. Shipment Route: RZ00## Lower half of screen: Stages: tab: Both stages of route RZ00## were copi ed: Section 1: Stuttgart Mannheim: From vendor T-S11F## to vendor T-S11H##. Stage 2: Mannheim - Hamburg: From vendor T-S11H## to plant 1000

Inbound Shipment (0010) is stored as the shipment type in Customizing so that all stages of the route are copied in the shipment header as shipment stages (Adopt Route indicator). 3.

Determine which inbound deliveries are included in each stage. Stage 1: ______________________________________________ Stage 2: ______________________________________________ a)

Lower half of screen: Stages tab: Select the stages and choose the Deliveries button at the bottom left of the screen.

b)

Stage 1:

The inbound deliveries from vendor T-S11F## only

Stage 2:

All deliveries from both T-S11F## and T-S11H##

Save your document.


Call up the collective shipment to change it. a)

Logistics Planning

! !

Logistics Execution Transportation Change Single Documents !

!

Transportation

!

Enter the number of the second collective shipment you created using the planning proposal in Exercise 6 of the “Creating Shipments” unit (see line no. 6 on your data sheet). 2.

Go to the Stages tab. Which stages have been created? What setting was these stages based on?


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Stage 1: ______________________________________________ Stage 2: ______________________________________________ Stage 3: ______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ a)

Shipment stages:

Shipment Overview: Stages tab: Lower half of screen. Stage 1: Hamburg (Plant 1000) - Frankfurt ( T-S11A##) Stage 2: Frankfurt (T-S11A##) - Stuttgart (T-S11B##) Stage 3: Stuttgart (T-S11B##) - Munich (T-S11C##) The stages are automatically determined using leg determination; the Data and Options variant of the planning proposal set the Leg Determination indicator so that it is set automatically when the planning proposal is created.

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Lesson: Processing Funct ions in Shipments Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will become familiar with the various processing functions in the shipment document.



•


•

Call up various status information

•

Define and assign activity profiles

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U s e

Business Example

S A P

Texts and Messages

P a r t n e r O n l y Figure 39: Texts in the Shipment Document (Examples)

Texts can contain essential information on the shipment process. You can define texts for each shipment as required at the header level.

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L e s s o n : P ro c e s si n g F u n c t i o n s i n Sh i pm e n t s

The text type in the shipment document is controlled using a text determination procedure that can be assigned to each shipment type.

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Figure 40: Messages in Shipments (Examples)

Messages are communication aids that support information exchange between business partners and/or employees.

You can define transportation messages to meet your requirements and copy them into the shipment document. Some message examples are given above. In the st andard system, the ALTR general shipment document and the CMR bill of lading are already defined as message types. The condition technique is used for message determination (message determination is explained in detail in SCM650).


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Deadlines

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U s e Figure 41: Deadlines in the Shipment Document

You can record the times and deadlines for planning and executing the transportation activities in the shipment document. You can record planned and actual deadlines for standard activities such as planning, check-in, loading, processing, shipment start and shipment end in the shipment document at the header level. You can also specify exact times for the deadlines. You can also define planned and actual start and end dates for each shipment stage. Similar to Shipping, you can specify additional individual deadlines that are used for further controlling shipment processes. In addition to planned and actual deadlines and times, you can also enter operation types, reasons for deviations, and locations (points). For each shipment document type, you can define a deadline procedure (network profile) for your individual deadlines.

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Copying Control

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Figure 42: Copying Delivery Dates to the Shipment

You can have the system propose planned deadlines for individual shipment activities in the shipment. You can copy them from the outbound deliveries belonging to the shipment. In the standard proposal (copy routine “8”), the following rule applies for copying deadlines:

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Outbound Delivery

Shipment

Earliest load deadline

Check-in

Earliest load deadline

Loading start

Last planned GI deadline

Loading end


Shipment completion


Shipment start

Last delivery date

Shipment end



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You can create other ways of adopting deadlines by writing your own copy routines and storing them in the shipment type.

Hint: As opposed to “normal” copying control, the copying routine for the shipment document is executed only after the “Planned” status has been set.

Status Information and Activity Profiles I n t e r n a l

U s e S A P

Figure 43: Status Information in the Shipment Document

When transportation activities such as planning, checking in, and loading are finished, you can set a status. As soon as the status is set, the activity is considered completed. Thus you always know the current processing status of a shipment and can quickly provide information on it. You can set the status by

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Choosing the corresponding pushbutton; the current date is copied as the actual date.

•

Entering the actual date; the status is then set by the system.


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A traffic light symbol displays the overall status of the shipment. •

Red: “Planned” status is set.

•

Yellow: At least the “Checked in” status is set.

•

Green: At least the “Shipment completion” status is set.

Hint: You do not have to use all of the statuses. For shipment cost calculation,

however, thefor statusstatus. must be set at least. In addition, this status is the Planned prerequisite every other

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Figure 44: Activity Profiles

When you set the status of a shipment document, the system executes activities and checks for certain data automatically. This is controlled by the activity profile. In the activity profile, you define which activities the system should execute when the status is activated. For example, goods issue can be posted for the deliveries in the shipment, billing documents or output can be created. You can also specify that a dialog box appears when you set a status. You have the option of entering data. For instance, during planning you may want a dialog box to appear that tells you to specify a service agent. You define the activity profiles in Customizing and assign them to shipment types. You can create your own activity profile for every shipment type and every status.

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Exercise 9: Shipment Processing Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Enter an additional partner on the shipment document

•

Create activity profiles and assign shipment types

Business Example In your company, some shipments may be processed by several partners. Follow-up activities for shipments should be automated as much as possible.

Task 1: You would now like to process the inbound shipment that you created in the “Creating Shipments” unit (line 4 on the data sheet) further and complete it. 1.

The goods should be handled with care during shipment. Create a text note to this effect (Handle with care!!!) for the forwarding agent.

2.

Now that you have completed your organizational activities, set the Planned status. Make sure all the entries required for setting the status have been made in the dialog box that appears.

3.

Optional

________________________________________________________ Where do you make the settings? ________________________________________________________ Go to the relevant settings in Customizing and familiarize yourself with them.

Task 2: You are now planning the collective shipment Hamburg – Frankfurt – Stuttgart – Munich, which you created using the planning proposal (line no. 6 on the data sheet). As an exception, a different forwarding agent will be handling the shipment from Frankfurt. You therefore assign “Schmalenbach Shipping” (1930) as the service agent to stages 2 and 3.


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Which function is responsible for making the dialog box appear when the Planned status is set?

1.

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2.

You have taken out additional transportation insurance for risks such as theft and indirect losses for the entire shipment. Enter the insurance company with the number 1920 as partner and the partner role Insurance on the partner screen of the shipment header.

3.

Now set the Planned status. In the dialog box that appears, confirm the Copy Means of Transport Type from Delivery activity, but do not redetermine the legs.

4.

Go to the Means of Transport and Packaging Material screen. What happened when you copied the means of transport? _________________________________________________________

5.

Which shipment messages were found? What status do they have?

6.

After you have carried out all necessary activities, set the Shipment completed status in the shipment header. You have to enter the name of the truck driver in the dialog box that appears.

7.

Save your document. What activities are performed in the background?

8.

Now go back into change mode for this shipment. Check the message processing status on the output screen.

9.

In Customizing, display the setting responsible for executing the relevant activities when the Shipment completion status is set.

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

10. Using one of the outbo und deliveries included in the shipment, check whether the activities have actually been carried out.

Hint: The best way to do this is to go to the document flow of the outbound delivery.

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Solution 9: Shipment Processing Task 1: You would now like to process the inbound shipment that you created in the “Creating Shipments” unit (line 4 on the data sheet) further and complete it. 1.

The goods should be handled with care during shipment. Create a text note to this effect (Handle with care!!!) for the forwarding agent. a)

Choose Logistics

Logistics Execution Transportation Transportation Planning Change Single Documents !

!

!

!

!

Enter the number of the shipment document from the “Creating Shipments” unit (see Line no. 4 on the data sheet). Select the Texts tab in the lower half of the screen: Double click on Header note and enter your text Handle with care!!! on the right hand side. 2.

Now that you have completed your organizational activities, set the Planned status. Make sure all the entries required for setting the status have been made in the dialog box that appears. a)

Select the Deadl. tab in the lower half of the screen: Click Planning. The shipment route must be entered in the dialog box. Choose Copy and

3.

Optional

Which function is responsible for making the dialog box appear when the

S A P

O n l y

________________________________________________________ Where do you make the settings? ________________________________________________________



U s e

P a r t n e r

Save the document.

Planned status is set?

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Go to the relevant settings in Customizing and familiarize yourself with them. a)

The activity profile is responsible for making the dialog box appear. You can define whether a dialog box appears and which data should be requested for each shipment type and each status setting. Different activities, such as goods issue postings and billing, can also be executed. IMG: Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipments

!

Define

and Assign Activity Profiles Profile 0010-01 is stored for the Planned status for the inbound shipment 0010 shipment type. This means that a dialog box appears containing the Shipment route field as a required entry field. Save the shipment.


As an exception, a different forwarding agent will be handling the shipment from Frankfurt. You therefore assign “Schmalenbach Shipping” (1930) as the service agent to stages 2 and 3. a)

Choose Logistics

Logistics Execution Transportation Transportation Planning Change Single Documents !

!

!

!

!

Enter the number of the shipment document from the “Creating Shipments” unit (see Line no. 4 on the data sheet). Assign forwarding agent: Choose the Stages tab in the lower half of the screen: For the second and third stages, overwrite the entry for the Forwarding Agent with 1930. 2.

You have taken out additional transportation insurance for risks such as theft and indirect losses for the entire shipment. Enter the insurance company with the number 1920 as partner and the partner role Insurance on the partner screen of the shipment header. a)

Choose the Partner tab in the lower half of the screen: Choose the Insurance (T) Partner Function from the drop down menu and enter 1920 as the Partner.


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3.

Now set the Planned status. In the dialog box that appears, confirm the Copy Means of Transport Type from Delivery activity, but do not redetermine the legs. a)

Select the Deadl. tab in the lower half of the screen: Click Planning. In the dialog box that appears, choose: •

Do not execute leg determination again

•

Copy means of transport type from the delivery

and then confirm your choice. 4.

Go to the Means of Transport and Packaging Material screen. What happened when you copied the means of transport? _________________________________________________________ a)

Choose

Means of Transport and Packaging Matl. for Current

Shipment. The system copied means of transport TM-100 from the deliveries to the shipment. A handling unit for packing the goods was generated for TM-100. Return to the overview using 5.

Back.

Which shipment messages were found? What status do they have? _________________________________________________________ a)

Choose Messages for Current Shipment . The system found 2 ALTR messages, one each for forwarding agents 1058 and 1930. The messages have the Not processed status. Return to the overview using



Back.


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After you have carried out all necessary activities, set the Shipment completed status in the shipment header. You have to enter the name of the truck driver in the dialog box that appears. a)

Select the Deadl. tab in the lower half of the screen: Choose Shipment completion. Enter any driver name of your choice. You have the option of entering data in the other fields. Click Copy.

7.

Save your document. What activities are performed in the background? _________________________________________________________ a)

Choose

Save.

The following activities take place in the background:

8.

•

Goods issue postings for all included outbound deliveries

•

Printing ALTR messages

•

Creating billing documents for all outbound deliveries

U s e

Now go back into change mode for this shipment. Check the message processing status on the output screen. _________________________________________________________ a)

Go into the shipment document again. Choose

Messages for Current Shipment .

Both messages now have the Successfully Processed status. 9.

In Customizing, display the setting responsible for executing the relevant activities when the Shipment completion status is set. a)

IMG: Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipments

!

Define

and Assign Activity Profiles Profile 0002-05 is stored for outbound shipment type 0002 with the

Shipment completion status. Place the cursor on the suitable field and choose Maintain.


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10. Using one of the outbo und deliveries included in the shipment, check whether the activities have actually been carried out.

Hint: The best way to do this is to go to the document flow of the outbound delivery.

a)

Go to the document flow of the shipment:

Logistics Planning

! !

Logistics Execution Transportation Change Single Documents !

!

Transportation

!

Enter the number of the collective shipment and choose Document Flow for Current Shipment.

Display

Place the cursor on one of the outbound deliveries and choose Goto Document Flow.

!

Now look at the document flow from the point of view of this outbound delivery: the goods issue is posted and the billing document is created. To leave this level, choose

Back.

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•


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L e ss o n: A d di t i o nal F u n c t i o ns i n Sh i pmen t s

Lesson: Additional Functions in Shipments Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will become familiar with various processing options for the shipment document.



•


•


Business Example Every so often, your company determines that the capacity of the means of transport is insufficient. You have to split the delivery and distribute it over several shipments.

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Subsequent Delivery Split


Figure 45: Subsequent Delivery Split - Basics

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You may need to divide a delivery into several shipments if the entire delivery cannot be loaded onto one truck, for example. In the SAP system, you cannot assign deliveries to shipments by item. The function “subsequent delivery split” was created to solve this problem. Using the delivery split function, delivery items, partial quantities of items, or handling units that need to be removed from existing deliveries can be chosen from a list and split off. When you split a delivery, a “remainder” and one or more new deliveries called “results” are created. The “subsequent delivery split” function is also used in shipping. For more detailed information about this topic, see the documentation on shipping.

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Figure 46: Subsequent Delivery Split in Shipment

To split the delivery in the shipment, call the “split delivery” function from the transportation planning screen and split off the required quantity. When the shipment is saved, the system automatically creates further outbound deliveries for the quantities that were split off (= “results”). Whether the split deliveries remain in the shipment or not depends on your Customizing settings. You can split the delivery before or after shipment planning.

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Example:

•

Before planning: You already know when you create the delivery that it needs to be split.

•

After planning: You discover that the delivery needs to be split while the goods are being loaded.

The type of split is controlled using split profiles, which you define in Customizing and assign to the shipment type. You define one profile for delivery split before planning and one for after planning.

Mass Changes

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Figure 47: Using Mass Changes for Shipment Documents

Sometimes you may have to change several shipment documents simultaneously. The mass changes function enables you to change the data in several shipment documents at once. Select the shipments required according to certain criteria and make the changes.

Example: A forwarding agent that agreed to take on several shipments is now unable to do so. Select all the documents that have this forwarding agent and assign them to a different forwarding agent.

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Estimating Shipment Costs

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Figure 48: Estimated Shipment Costs

The estimated shipment costs of a shipment can be calculated and displayed. The following functions are possible in the estimated shipment costs simulation: •

Calculation and display of the total shipment cost

•

Detaile d display of the simulated shipment cost document

•

Display of the processing log


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Exercise 10: Using Mass Chang es for Shipment Documents Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Edit several shipment documents simultaneously using mass changes

Business Example To simplify your daily tasks, use the mass changes function as often as possible. It enables you to change several shipment documents at the same time.

Task: Edit the shipments as described. 1.

2.

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The forwarding agent that has been handling your individual shipments from Dresden has recently become very unreliable. You would therefore like to assign your shipments, which you created using Collective Processing, to a different forwarding agent. To do this, call up the mass changes function. First, select the documents you want to change:

Service agent:

1106

Shipping point at departure point: Created by:

X0## SCM611-##

3.

Now assign the new service agent 50999 (Arnolds Shipping) to all the selected documents.

4.

All the selected shipments are assigned the order number of the forwarding agent as their container ID: 50999-123##.


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Solution 10: Using Mass Chan ges for Shipment Documents Task: Edit the shipments as described. 1.

The forwarding agent that has been handling your individual shipments from Dresden has recently become very unreliable. You would therefore like to assign your shipments, which you created using Collective Processing, to a different forwarding agent. To do this, call up the mass changes function. a)

Choose Logistics

Logistics Execution Transportation Transportation Planning Change Mass Changes !

!

!

2.

First, select the documents you want to change:

Service agent: Shipping point at departure point: Created by: a)

U s e

1106 X0## SCM611-##

Enter the following criteria on the Shipments: Mass Changes Shipment selection screen.

Service agent: Shipping point at departure point: Created by: Choose 3.

!

!

1106

SCM611-##

Execute.

Choose the Processing tab. Enter service agent 50999 in the Template row of the FwdAgent field. Select all shipments and choose Copy Template.


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X0##

Now assi gn the new service agent 50999 (Arnolds Shipping) to all the selected documents. a)

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4.

All the selected shipments are assigned the order number of the forwarding agent as their container ID: 50999-123##. a)

Choose the Identificat. tab. Enter 50999-123## in the template row of the Container ID field. Select all shipments and choose Copy Template. Choose

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•


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L e s s o n : P a c k i n g a n d L o ad i n g i n S h i p m e n t s

Lesson: Packing and Lo ading in Ship ments Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will become familiar with packing and loading functions in the shipment document.



Business Example You want to be able to pack goods and record the loading process from within the shipment document.

Packaging Materials and Handling Units

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Figure 49: Packaging Materials and Handling Units

Packaging materials are materials that are used for packing goods. There are different types of packaging materials. The material can be packing material (such as a crate), or a means of transport (such as a truck), or transport equipment (such as a container).

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A handling unit is a package that results from packing goods into a packaging material. It is also the grouping of goods that are packed togethe r in a packaging material. A loaded container or truck can thus be a handling unit. Handling units can be further packed. This is referred to as multi-level packing.

Loading I n t e r n a l

U s e S A P Figure 50: Packing and Loading in Shipments

You can pack deliveries and pack the existing handling units within the shipment further. For example, you can take delivery items that have already been packed into cartons, pack them into containers, and load them onto a truck. The system always provides the same functions as for packing deliveries. Characteristics of packing from within the shipment:

•

Packing for several deliveries

•

Packing is copied from the delivery and cannot be changed

If you already defined a means of transport in the order or outbound delivery, you can copy it to the shipment (if it is the same for all deliveries). A handling unit is then created for it in the shipment (see previous unit). You can define additional information such as the driver's name and nationality for packaging materials of the “means of transport” type.

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Exercise 11: Packing and Loadi ng in Shipments Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Execute packing in shipments

I n t e r n a l

Business Example Your company wantas to map packing and loading in shipment documents.

Task: Map packing and loading in a shipment document. 1.

Edit the collective shipment from Hamburg to Stuttgart that you created using the planning proposal (No. 7 on your data sheet). Call it up to change it.

2.

Since there are no more planning activities to be completed, you can set the status to Planned now. Select the Copy means of transport type from delivery activity in the dialog box that appears, but do not determine the legs again.

3.

Go to the packing screen. First, pack the computers in padded cartons (packaging material PK-100). To do this, choose New HU if Full .

4.

Now load the cartons in the truck you already defined as a handling unit.


Hint: Choose the Pack HUs tab. Select all PK-100 and pack them in packaging material TM-101.

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Solution 11: Packing and Loadi ng in Shipments Task: Map packing and loading in a shipment document. 1.

Edit the collective shipment from Hamburg to Stuttgart that you created using the planning proposal (No. 7 on your data sheet). Call it up to change it. a) Choose Logistics Logistics Execution Transportation !

!


!

Change

!

!

Single Documents

Enter the number of the collective shipment going from Hamburg to Stuttgart that was created in the “Creating Shipments” unit (see line no. 7 on the data sheet). 2.

Since there are no more planning activities to be completed, you can set the status to Planned now. Select the Copy means of transport type from delivery activity in the dialog box that appears, but do not determine the legs again. a)

Click Planning in the Deadlines tab in the lower half of the screen. In the dialog box that appears, choose:

3.

•

Do not execute leg determination again

•

Copy means of transport type from the delivery

Go to the packing screen. First, pack the computers in padded cartons (packaging material PK-100). To do this, choose New HU if Full. a)

Choose

Means of Transport and Packaging Material for Current

Shipment. In the top half of the screen, enter PK-100 as the packaging material. Select the material to be packed in the lower half of the screen. Also select the handling unit you just created. Choose

New HU if Full .

Each computer is packed in a PK-100 carton.


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4.

Now load the cartons in the truck you already defined as a handling unit. Hint: Choose the Pack HUs tab. Select all PK-100 and pack them in packaging material TM-101.

a)

Choose the Pack HUs tab. Select all items with PK-100 in the lower half of the screen (all handling

I n t e r n a l

units that can be packed), and select the TM-101 handling unit. Choose

Pack.

All cartons are now packed into the truck. Choose

Save.


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L e s s o n : D a n g e r o u s G o o d s M an a g e m e n t i n S h i p m e n t s

Lesson: Dangerous Goods Management in Shipments Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will become familiar with the basics of dangerous goods management in shipments.



•


Business Example Sometimes your company ships dangerous goods. You must check whether and under what conditions shipments with dangerous goods are permitted.

Dangerous Goods

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Figure 51: Dangerous Goods and their Tran sportation

To satisfy the legal requirements for transporting dangerous goods , you need to check the shipment document to make sure the shipment of the goods is permitted.

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To do this in the SAP system, you use the functions in the EH&S module (Environment, Health, and Safety).

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U s e Figure 52: Dangerous Goods Master Data

If a material is considered a dangerous good, you define a dangerous goods indicator profile in the material master record (basic data 2). With this, you specify whether a material is classified as a dangerous good and whether it requires dangerous goods and/or checks. documents The dangerous goods master enhances the material master and is therefore created for materials that are already defined in the system. It contains data that is necessary for executing dangerous goods checks and creating dangerous goods documents in compliance with existing law. The sub stance database is a flexible tool for managing and maintaining data on chemical substances and preparations. It contains all substance data and legal data. It thus provides the basis for comprehensive environment management. The assignment of a material number and a substance number establi shes the connection between material data and substance data. This enables you to access the dangerous goods master and the substance data during the dangerous goods checks.

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Dangerous Goods Management

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U s e Figure 53: Dangerous Goods Management in Logistics Execution

In the logistics process, you can activate dangerous goods management in the order, delivery document, or shipment document. The system can then perform various dangerous goods checks, either automatically or on request. For instance, you can check wheth er the transportation of certain materials with a certain mode of transport is permitted. This can prevent deliveries or shipments that do not meet safety requirements leaving the company. You can also create dangerous goods documents containing the relevant dangerous goods data. Dangerous goods management uses special master data and settings in EH&S. You can make your own settings in Customizing to define when the various checks should be performed and how the document should be further processed.

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Figure 54: Procedure for Dangerous Goods Checks

The basic procedure for a dangerous goods check is as follows: •

When a che ck is triggered (manually or automatically) in the document, the system calls the check processor via an interface.

•

The processor determines the data for the dangerous goods check, such as the dangerous goods master records, validity areas, and mode of transport categories.

•

The system then processes the different check methods of the check schema.

•

Entries are made in the check log, which you can call from the document, using return codes. The overall reaction is determined from the reactions of the individual check methods.


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U s e

Figure 55: Dangerous Goods Checks in the Shipment Document

You can st art the dangerous goods check from the shipment document either automatically or manually. An automatic start occurs when you save the document, if the document has the “Planned” status. The checks are not started if a document that is already completed in the da tabase with a status of “Shipment completion” is being processed. You can start check manually at any - regardless of the document status. However, the the following information musttime be available: •

Transportation planning point

•

Shipment type

•

Shipmen t stages

When the dangerous goods checks are completed, a dialog box appears that displays the message from the check method that defines the overall reaction for the check procedure. If there are any log entries, you can go to the check log. The check log displays all the messages that appeared while the dangerous goods checks were being processed. You can print the log. The document is processed further as determined by the Customizing settings for the overall reaction. For example, a document cannot be saved or it receives a blocking indicator.

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L e s s o n : S h i p m e n tM o n i t o r i n g

Lesson: Shipment Monitoring Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will familiarize yourself with the monitoring and list functions in shipments.

Lesson Objectives

I n t e r n a l

After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •


•


•


Business Example The employees in the shipment department must often provide information on shipments and their processing status quickly. They generate lists of shipments to do this, and also use them as a basis for processing the documents further.


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Shipment Monitoring

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U s e S A P

Figure 56: Information Requirement s in Shipment Processing


Figure 57: Shipment Processing Lists

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The system provides different list types for shipment processing: •

Transportation planning list: List of all documents with shipment activities that still must be executed

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Utilization list: List of all documents that are not fully utilized

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Free capacity list: List of all documents with a certain level of free capacity

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Tendering status list: List of all documents with a certain tendering status

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Check-in list: List of all documents that must still be checked in

•

Shipment completion list: List of all documents that must be still completed

•

Changes list: List of change documents

You can select shipments for these lists using various criteria. Users can define their own selection variants to do this. The list contains the relevant shipments and some important information.

I n t e r n a l

You can then edit the list (for example, sort the list) and perform several activities directly from within the list. You can also branch to the individual shipments and change them.

U s e

Graphical Shipment Information


Figure 58: Graphical Shipment Informatio n

To give you a better overview of your shipments, the SAP system comes with shipment information that you can display graphically or in list form.

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You can call up this information from within the order, the delivery or the shipment. When you are using the graphical display, you can make additional detailed inquiries. For example, you can retrieve the following information: •

Which itinerary is used for a specific delivery or shipment?

•

How many shipments and which shipments are shipped from a transportation connection point?

• •

Weight, volume and number of packages Shipping data, shipment deadlines

•

Information on transportation connection points

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Figure 59: Itinerary and Transportation Network

The graphical shipment information distinguishes between the itinerary and the transportation network. The itinerary displays only those shipment stages that the selected deliveries or shipments are involved in. The transportation network displays all the shipment stages linked to a delivery or shipment. It therefore displays all the shipments belonging to an operation (including preliminary and subsequent legs).

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Shipment Execution Monitor

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U s e Figure 60: Shipment Execution Monitor

Using this monitor, you can monitor the processing status of shipment documents for a time span specified in the report selection criteria. This report provides an overview of how much potential work is required based on the number of shipment documents that have the selected processing statuses, arranged by processing status and time. You can use this monitor function to define the estimated workload during a certain shift or on a certain work day. For example, whether labor is needed during critical periods of time or whether the required equipment is available. For each processing status selected, the total number of shipments will be displayed followed by an “Overdue” field. The overdue field is calculated by taking into account a duration time set by the user.

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Shipment Tendering Status Monitor

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U s e

Figure 61: Monitor the Status of Shipment Tenderings

Monitoring the tendering status of shipment documents for one or more transportation planning points is the function of this monitor. In addition to the transportation planning point, shipments can be selected for the report based on any combination of the following: •

Shipment type

•

Shipping point/receiving point

•

Shipment route

•

Forwarding agent

The monitor will list the results of the search by displaying the total number of shipments for each tendering status, followed by the number of shipments per transportation planning point. To better identify critical areas, a warning field reports the number of shipments where no action has been taken during a user-defined time period (hh:mm).

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Transportation Information System

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U s e Figure 62: Transportation Information System (TIS)

The Transportation Information System (TIS) is a separate information system within the logistics information system (LIS). You can use it to produce various analyses and statistics on shipments. There are 6 different standard analyses shipped in the standard system: •

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Transportation: Evaluation of general shipment characteristics such as service agent, shipment start and end, and shipment type

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Shipment routes: Evaluation of routes, such as which route is used and how often

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Means of transport: Evaluation of the main shipping material, such as how heavily are the means of transport utilized

•

Transportation shipping data: Evaluation of information relevant to shipping, such as how many deliveries of delivery type DL were shipped from the Hamburg shipping point

•

Stages of shipment: Evaluation of individual stages, such as how many trucks travel from Hamburg to Frankfurt

•

Transportation material: Evaluation of individual materials, such as what proportion of the whole shipment volume did material XYZ have


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Exercise 12: Shipment Monitoring Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Generate lists for monitoring and processing shipments

•

Display graphical shipment information

Business Example You often need information about the shipment processing status while you are processing shipments. You can display various lists that provide this information. You can also process individual shipments from these lists. Use the graphical information system to get a comprehensive overview of individual shipments.

Task 1: Process shipment documents using a list. 1.

Complete the shipments from the list by selecting them and choosing Complete. Display the logs and check for any errors.

Task 2: You want to know which shipments contain your order with the purchase order number ##-SCM611-02. Display the order and call up the graphical shipment information (itinerary). 2.

Which points of departure and destination does this shipment have?

3.

What other points will be included in the itinerary?

4.

Which other outbound deliveries are included in this shipment?

______________________________________________________

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Generate a list of all the shipments you have created and that are ready to be completed. Use your user to choose all shipments with statuses 1 to 4 .

1.

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______________________________________________________

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Solution 12: Shipment Monitoring Task 1: Process shipment documents using a list. 1.

Generate a list of all the shipments you have created and that are ready to be completed. Use your user to choose all shipments with statuses 1 to 4 . Complete the shipments from the list by selecting them and choosing Complete. Display the logs and check for any errors. a)

Choose Logistics !

Lists

!

Logistics Execution Shipment Completion List !

!

Transportation

!

Execution

Enter the following selection criteria:

Overall transport status: Created by: Choose

U s e

1 to 4 SCM611-##

S A P

Execute.

Select all shipments in the list and choose

Shipment Completion .

Task 2: 1.

You want to know which shipments contain your order with the purchase order number ##-SCM611-02. Display the order and call up the graphical shipment information (itinerary). a)

Choose Logistics

!


!

Sales

!

Order

!

Display.

Search for the order by entering the purchase order number ##-SCM611-02 in the Purchase order number field and choose Search. Then choose Environment 2.

!

Transportation info

!

Itinerary: Graphic.

Which points of departure and destination does this shipment have?


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______________________________________________________ a)

Departure and destination points:

Point of departure: Hamburg Destination: Munich 3.

What other points will be included in the itinerary? ______________________________________________________ a)

Other transportation points: Frankfurt and Stuttgart

4.

Which other outbound deliveries are included in this shipment? ______________________________________________________ a)

Other outbound deliveries: The outbound deliveries of the Hamburg-Frankfurt-Stuttgart-Munich collective shipment are also included.

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Unit 5 Shipment Cost Processing I n t e r n a l

Unit Overview This unit handles shipment cost calculation and shipment cost settlement.


Describe and classify the different steps involved in shipment cost processing

•

Understand the requirements for shipment cost calculation

•

Create shipment cost documents individually using Collective Processing

•

Explain the structure of the shipment cost document

•

Explain the settings for shipment cost type and shipment cost relevance

•

Explain how item categories are determined in the shipment cost document

Unit Contents Lesson: Overv iew of Shipment Cost Calculation and Settlement . . . . . . . . .. . . 164 Exercise 13 : Creating Sh ipment Co st Do cuments .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 171 Lesson: Controlling Shipment Cost Processing .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 181 Exercise 14: Controlling Shipment Cost Processing ...................... 185


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Lesson: Overview of Shipm ent Cost Calc ulation and Settlement Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of shipment cost calculation and the shipment cost settlement process.



•


•


•


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U s e

Business Example In your company, you calculate the costs arising from shipments using the different service agents once the shipment has been completed. You use a separate document for the entire shipment cost calculation and settlement process.


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L e s s o n : O v e r v i e w o f S h i p me n t C o s t C a l c u l at i o n a n d S e t t l e m e n t

Shipment Cost Processing in Detail

I n t e r n a l

U s e

Figure 63: Shipment Cost Processing in Detail

Shipment cost calculation and shipment cost settlement are available for both outbound and inbound shipments.

The shipment costs are recorded in a new system documen t, the shipment cost document. From within this document, you can perform the following functions: • Calculation of shipment costs

•

Account assignment: Assign the costs in Financial Accounting and Controlling

•

Transfer the costs to Financial Accounting and Controlling

•

Settle the costs with the service agent


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Requirements for Shipment Cost Calculation

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Figure 64: Requirements for Shipment Cost Calculation

The shipment must be relevant for shipment costs (at header and/or stage level) so that you can create a shipment cost document for a shipment. The shipment must also have the required overall status set in the definition of the shipment cost type. As a minimum, it must have Planned status. You must execute the following settings in Customizing: •

You must define number ranges for the shipment costs.

•

You must define and assign shipment cost types and item categories.

•

For each shipment type, you must set shipment cost relevance for the following transportation elements: header, leg, border crossing point, and load transfer point.


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Structure of a Shipment Cost Document

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U s e S A P

Figure 6 5: Structure of the Shipment Cost Document

The shipment cost document consists of the following sections: •

Shipment cost header

The shipment cost header contains general information on the entire document. Status, reference, and administrative information is provided. As far as the status information is concerned, the statuses are cumulated statuses that are derived from the individual items. •

Shipment cost items

The items contain general data for shipment cost calculation and settlement, such as service agent, pricing and settlement date, tax amount and tax base amount, and organizational data such as company code, plant, and purchasing organization. Each item has its own status for the shipment cost calculation, account assignment and transfer functions. •

Shipment cost sub-items

Shipment costs are calculated at shipment cost sub-items level. The calculation result is also recorded at this level.

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Figure 66: Items of the Shipment Cost Document

The shipment cost items either refer to the shipment header or to a shipment stage. For example, an item that refers to the header can include insurance costs for additional transportation insurance. An item that refers to a shipment stag e, can include transportation costs or load transfer costs, for example. The function of the items is controlled through the item category. The items can be automatically generated or manually created - depending on the Customizing settings.

Creating Shipment Cost Documents You can create shipment cost documents individually in dialog mode or using Collective Processing.


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Figure 67: Creating a Shipment Cost Document

If you create an individual shipment cost document, you always directly refer to a shipment document. For each shipment document, you create exactly one shipment cost document. As a result, there is a 1:1 relationship between the two documents. Depending on your settings, the system automatically calculates the shipment costs, assigns them to an account , and transfers them to Financial Accounting when you create the shipment cost document.


Figure 68: Creating Shipment Cost Documents Using Collective Processin g

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You can also create shipment cost documents using Collective Processing. The worklist for shipment costs contains all shipment cost relevant shipment for which shipment costs are calculated. In the first step, you use comprehensive selection criteria to select the shipments for which you want to create shipment cost documents. The system then uses a one-step process to create exactly one shipment cost document for each of the shipment documents selected (1:1 relationship!). You can start Collective Processing to run online at a specific later date or at periodic intervals.

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Exercise 13: Creating Shipment Cost Documents Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Describe how the shipment cost document is organized and where it is found

• •

Check whether shipment documents are relevant for shipment costs Create shipment cost documents individually online

•

Process the worklist for shipment cost documents

Business Example As a member of the SAP project team, you want to become familiar with the function of the shipment cost document in this section. In order to create a document, the shipment document must be relevant for shipment costs. You check the shipment cost relevance of your shipment document. Shipment cost documents can be created either individually or using Collective Processing (worklist). For the most part, your company would like to make use of Collective Processing and only occasionally create documents individually. You will practice creating documents using both methods in the following exercises. Since the shipment cost document contains important information for processing shipments, call up some of the data from existing documents.

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Task 1: First, answer the following questions about Shipment Cost Processing: 1.

2.

3.

What steps are involved in Shipment Cost Processing?

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Describe the structure of the shipment cost document:

Several shipment documents can be combined to form one shipment cost document.


4.

True False

A shipment must have at least Shipment completed status before a shipment cost document can be created.


True False

Task 2: 1.

Create a shipment cost document for the second collective shipment you created in the planning proposal, Hamburg - Frankfurt - Stuttgart - Munich (see line 6 on the data sheet). First, check to see if the shipment document is relevant for shipment costs. Display the shipment document and go to the Shipment Costing tab in the shipment header.


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What is the shipment cost calculation status of this shipment? ______________________________________________________ 2.

Now create a shipment cost document for this shipment. Save the document and record the document number on line 12 of your Transaction Data Sheet.

I n t e r n a l

Task 3: 1.

Display the shipment cost document you just created.

2.

How many items are in the document? What do each of the items refer to? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

3.

U s e

Find the following information in the shipment cost document: What is the status of the shipment cost document? ______________________________________________________

S A P

• Pricing procedure for the first item: ___________________________________________________ • Net value and taxes for the first item:

P a r t n e r

___________________________________________________ • Pricing date for the first item: ___________________________________________________ • Invoicing party for the second item: ___________________________________________________

Task 4: Now create shipment cost documents using Collective Processing for the shipments you created using Collective Processing in Exercise 7 in the chapter “Creating Shipments” (see No. 8-11 on the data sheet). 1.

Go to the worklist for shipment costs and select the shipment documents relevant for shipment costs as follows:


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External Identification: Overall status: Created by:

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Shipment run ## 1 to 7 SCM611-##

From the list, select your shipments and execute Collective Processing. Display the log. How many shipment cost documents were created? __________ Record the document numbers. __________________________________________________________

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Solution 13: Creating Shipment Cost Documents Task 1: First, answer the following questions about Shipment Cost Processing: 1.

What steps are involved in Shipment Cost Processing? Answer: Steps in Shipment Cost Processing:

Shipment Cost Processing begins with the creation of the shipment cost document. The following prcosess are dealt with in the document: •

Shipment costs are calculated

•

G/L accounts in Financial Accounting and the controlling objects (account assignment) are found

•

Shipment costs are transferred to Financial Accounting and Controlling

•

Shipment costs are settled with the forwarding agents (invoice verification)

You can automate most of these steps. 2.

Describe the structure of the shipment cost document: The shipment cost document consists of three levels:

3.

•

The headerContains data that is relevant for the entire document, such

•

as status and administrative data Itemsestablish the costs that were incurred, their purpose, and with whom they should be settled The Sub-items level is where costs are actually calculated. Costs are calculated according to condition records defined in the system.

Several shipment documents can be combined to form one shipment cost document.

Only one shipment cost document is created per shipment document.




Answer: False

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U s e S A P

Answer: Structure of the shipment cost document:

•

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A shipment must have at least Shipment completed status before a shipment cost document can be created. Answer: False

The required status can be set for each shipment cost type, but at least planned status is required.

Task 2: 1.

Create a shipment cost document for the second collective shipment you created in the planning proposal, Hamburg - Frankfurt - Stuttgart - Munich (see line 6 on the data sheet). First, check to see if the shipment document is relevant for shipment costs. Display the shipment document and go to the Shipment Costing tab in the shipment header.

U s e

What is the shipment cost calculation status of this shipment? ______________________________________________________ a)

Logistics Planning

! !

Logistics Execution Display

!

Transportation

!

Transportation

Enter the shipment number of the relevant collective shipment. Select the Shipment Cost Calculation tab in the upper half of the screen.:

Overall Status of Shipment Cost Calculation.:not processed 2.

Now create a shipment cost document for this shipment. Save the document and record the document number on line 12 of your Transaction Data Sheet. a)

Logistics Logistics Execution Create Single Document !

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

!

Enter the shipment number of the above collective shipment. Choose

enter.

Save the document and record the document number on line 12 of your data sheet.


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Task 3: 1.

Display the shipment cost document you just created. a)

Logistics Logistics Execution Display !

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

Enter the number of the document you just created. 2.

I n t e r n a l

How many items are in the document? What do each of the items refer to? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ a)

The document contains three items. They each relate to one of the three shipment stages.

3.

U s e

Find the following information in the shipment cost document: What is the status of the shipment cost document? ______________________________________________________

S A P

• Pricing procedure for the first item: ___________________________________________________ • Net value and taxes for the first item:

P a r t n e r

___________________________________________________ • Pricing date for the first item: ___________________________________________________ • Invoicing party for the second item:

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___________________________________________________ a)

Information in the shipment cost document: •

Status of the shipment cost document:

Shipment cost items overview; Status tab: Status: Fully calculated, account assignment fully carried out, not transferred. •

I n t e r n a l

Pricing procedure for the first item: Select the item and choose

Display item details .

Detail screen for first item; tab Price Setting

Pricing Procedure: SDFC00 •

Net value and taxes for the first item:

U s e

Detail screen for first item, Price setting tab. Net value: EUR366.63

Tax tab

S A P

Tax: EUR 58.66 •

Pricing date for the first item: Details screen for first item, Price setting tab.

P a r t n e r

Pricing date: Today's date Back.

•

Choose

•

Invoicing party for the second item: Detail screen for second item; Settlement tab.

Invoicing party: Schmalenbach shipping, 1930

Task 4: Now create shipment cost documents using Collective Processing for the shipments you created using Collective Processing in Exercise 7 in the chapter “Creating Shipments” (see No. 8-11 on the data sheet). 1.

Go to the worklist for shipment costs and select the shipment documents relevant for shipment costs as follows:


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External Identification: Overall status: Created by:

Shipment run ## 1 to 7 SCM611-##

From the list, select your shipments and execute Collective Processing. Display the log. How many shipment cost documents were created? __________ Record the document numbers. __________________________________________________________ a)

Logistics Logistics Execution Create Collective Processing !

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

!

External Identification: Overall status: Created by: Choose

Shipment run ##

U s e

1 to 7 SCM611-##

S A P

Execute

Select all shipments and then choose

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Execute.

P a r t n e r

Go to the log: Choose Log. The system generated 4 shipment cost documents. Enter the document numbers on lines 13 - 16 of your data Sheet.

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L e ss o n: C o nt rol l i ng Sh i pme nt Co s t P ro ce s s i n g

Lesson: Controlling Shipment Cost Processing Lesson Overview This lesson describes the shipment cost document structure.

Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • Explain the settings for shipment cost type and shipment cost relevance •


Business Example Your company calculates shipment costs differently, depending on the shipment type and the service agent: A simple method, which only takes account of general shipment costs, is used for individual shipments. Calculation is more complex for collective shipments, as the costs include insurance and loading costs.

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U s e S A P

Shipment Cost Type and Item Category


Figure 69: Shipment Cost Type and Item Category

Shipment cost types and item category are important control elements of the shipment cost document; they contain several control characteristics for the shipment

cost document.

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The shipment cost type controls the document at header level, for instance: •

Number ranges

•

Status requirements of the shipment document for creating a shipment cost document.

The item category contains: •

Parameters for shipment cost calculation, such as partner functions, date rules,

•

and item procedure groups Parameters for shipment cost settlement, such as settlement relevance, account assignment category, cost distribution, and srcin of CO assignments

You define shipment cost types and item categories separately in Customizing.

Cost Type

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U s e S A P P a r t n e r Figure 70: Cost Types

Another control element is the cost type. The cost type characterizes the reference to which a shipment cost item refers. This can be a shipment header, a shipment leg, a border crossing point, or a load transfer point. You can control shipment cost relevance by cost type for each shipment type. For instance, you can ensure that, for an individual shipment, only the shipment header and shipment leg are relevant for shipment cost calculation.

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Item Category Determination

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Figure 71: Item category deter mination

In Customizing you set item category assignment for the shipment cost document. In connection with a cost type, you assign specific item categories to each shipment cost type. You also determine whether this item is found automatically by the system or created manually. Example:

•

You define that item category 0003 (insurance costs) can be entered manually in the shipment cost document if shipment cost type 0001 is used and the shipment cost item refers to the shipment header (cost type A). However, if the shipment cost item refers to a shipment leg, item category 0001 (transportation costs) is found automatically.


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Exercise 14: Controlling Shipm ent Cost Processing Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Describe shipment cost type, shipment cost item categories and cost types as controlling elements of the shipment cost document

Business Example Since the shipment costs are calculated differently depending on shipment type and forwarding agent, there are various shipment cost types and item categories available in the system. You want to check the controlling elements related to these types in Customizing and then adapt them to your company’s needs, if necessary.

Task 1: First, take a look at a few controls in Customizing to make sure that they meet your needs. 1.

Which shipment cost type is proposed for the shipment types: Individual Shipment, Collective Shipment, and Inbound Shipment? Shipment type

Collct.Shipmt-Road (0002) Inbound shipment (0010) 2.

Which cost types in the collective shipment by road (0002) are relevant for shipment costs?

3.

Look at the control for shipment cost type Standard (0001) in Customizing.

______________________________________________________

What does the overall status of the shipment document need to be before shipment costs can be created with this shipment cost type? ______________________________________________________




Shipment cost type

Individual shipment (0001)

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List the shipment cost item categories that are defined in the system. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

5.

Go to the Assign shipment costs and item categories screen. What shipment cost item categories are found under shipment cost type 0002 for cost type Shipment header? ______________________________________________________ Compare these settings with those of shipment cost type 0001.

Task 2: 1.

Display the shipment cost document that you created for the collective shipment in the previous unit (doc ument no. 12).

2.

What shipment cost type does this document have?

3.

What item category does each item have? And what cost type?

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

Hint: Note:

You can find the cost type of an item by going to the shipment cost item details screen and selecting the Reference tab.

Task 3: Complete the missing shipment cost items. 1.

For the above collective shipment, you also want to calculate the insurance costs incurred. Call up the shipment cost document in Change mode.

2.

Why was an item not automatically created for the insurance costs? ______________________________________________________

3.

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Create a new shipment cost item with item category 0003, by entering this information manually. Create this item with reference to the shipment header.


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Solution 14: Controlling Shipment Cost Processing Task 1: First, take a look at a few controls in Customizing to make sure that they meet your needs. 1.

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Which shipment cost type is proposed for the shipment types: Individual Shipment, Collective Shipment, and Inbound Shipment? Shipment type

Shipment cost type

Individual shipment (0001) Collct.Shipmt-Road (0002) Inbound shipment (0010) a)

IMG: Logistics Execution Shipment Cost Document Shipment Cost Type

! !

Shipment type

!

!

Collct.Shipmt-Road (0002) Inbound shipment (0010)

0002 Simple freight calc. 0001 Standard 0001 Standard

Which cost types in the collective shipment by road (0002) are relevant for shipment costs? ______________________________________________________ a)

IMG: Logistics Execution Shipment Cost Document Shipment Cost Type

! !

Transportation Shipment Costs Shipment Cost Relevance and Default for !

!

In the dialog structure, choose Define shipment cost relevance for shipment

type. For collective shipment 0002, the cost types Header and Leg are relevant for shipment costs. 3.

Look at the control for shipment cost type Standard (0001) in Customizing.


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U s e S A P

Shipment cost type

Individual shipment (0001)

2.

Transportation Shipment Costs Shipment Cost Relevance and Default for

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What does the overall status of the shipment document need to be before shipment costs can be created with this shipment cost type? ______________________________________________________ a)

IMG: Logistics Execution Shipment Cost Document

Transportation Shipment Costs Shipment Cost Types and Item Categories

! !

!

!

Go to the detail screen of shipment cost type 0001:

4.

Ov. stat. Shipmt: Shipment completion (5). List the shipment cost item categories that are defined in the system. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ a)

Shipment cost item categories: In the dialog structure, choose Define item categories . The following item categories are defined: 0001: Transportation costs; 0002 General costs; 0003 Insurance ; 0004: Cleaning; 0005 LoadTrns; 0006 Customs

5.

Go to the Assign shipment costs and item categories screen. What shipment cost item categories are found under shipment cost type 0002 for cost type Shipment header? ______________________________________________________ Compare these settings with those of shipment cost type 0001. a)

In the dialog structure, choose Assign shipment cost types and item categories. Shipment cost type: 0002 For cost type A , item category 0002 was found. For shipment cost type 0001, you can enter the item categories 0002, 0003, and 0004 manually for cost type A in the shipment cost document.


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Task 2: 1.

Display the shipment cost document that you created for the collective shipment in the previous unit (doc ument no. 12). a)

Choose Logistics

Costs 2.

!

!

Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipment

Display I n t e r n a l

What shipment cost type does this document have? ______________________________________________________ a)

Shipment cost type:

Shipment cost type 0001. 3.

What item category does each item have? And what cost type? ______________________________________________________

U s e

______________________________________________________

Hint: Note:

You can find the cost type of an item by going to the shipment cost item details screen and selecting the Reference tab. a)

The items each have item category 0001.

P a r t n e r

To view the cost types, go to the details screen of the item. Choose the Ref. docs tab. Both items have cost type B (shipment leg).

Task 3:

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Complete the missing shipment cost items. 1.

For the above collective shipment, you also want to calculate the insurance costs incurred. Call up the shipment cost document in Change mode. a)


!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

!

2.

Why was an item not automatically created for the insurance costs?


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______________________________________________________ a)

3.

The item was not generated because of the Customizing setting for shipment cost type 0001; the item category Insurance costs with reference to cost type Shipment header is not found automatically, but can be manually created.

Create a new shipment cost item with item category 0003, by entering this information manually. Create this item with reference to the shipment header. a)

On the overview screen, choose Create New Item. Enter 0000 (shipment header) as the reference item number and 0003 (insurance) as the item category.

b)

Save your document.

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Explain the settings for shipment cost type and shipment cost relevance

•


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•


•


•


• •

Explain the settings for shipment cost type and shipment cost relevance Explain how item categories are determined in the shipment cost document

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Unit 6 Shipment Cost Calculation Unit Overview The condition technique is used for shipment cost calculation. This unit illustrates the basic functions of the condition technique as well as special options for shipment cost calculation.


Provide an overview of shipment cost calculation in the shipment cost document

•

Create condition records for shipment rates

•

Map multidimensional tariffs and scales

•

Describe the shipment comparison function

•

Explain break weight calculation

• •

Describe the inclusion of bulkiness factors and minimum weights Describe the options for modeling the geographical aspects of shipment cost calculation

•

Explain the determination of the relevant pricing and settlement dates in the shipment cost document

•

Explain the determination of the relevant tax countries in the shipment cost document

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Unit Contents Lesson: Shipment Cost Calculation .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. Exercise 1 5: Pricing Co ntrol ... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... .... ... ... Exercise 16: Shipment Condition Records.................................. Lesson: Additional Fun ctions in Ship ment Cos t Calc ulation .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . Exercise 17: Additional Func tions in Shipment Cost Calcula tion . . . . . . . .

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U n i t6 : S h i p m e n tC o s tC al c u l a t i o n

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Lesson: Shipment Co st Cal culation Lesson Overview This lesson introduces the basic functions of shipment cost calculation pricing.

Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • Provide an overview of shipment cost calculation in the shipment cost document •


•


Business Example

I n t e r n a l

In your company, you calculate shipment costs in different ways. These different methods of calculation must be modeled in the SAP system. The individual tariff rates depend on the service agent and other variable factors. You define these rates as master data.

U s e

Pricing


Figure 72: Overview of Shipment Cost Calculation

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L e ss o n : Sh i pm e n t C o s t C al c u l at i o n

In this example, 10 tons of a material are shipped by a forwarding agent from New York to Washington. The system determines the shipment costs automatically. The system first determines the corresponding pricing procedure. This contains every possible condition type within shipment pricing in a particular sequence. The system reads the first condition type in the pricing procedure. The condition type identifies the characteristics and properties of a condition. For this condition type, the system determines the assigned access sequence. The system reads the access sequen ce. In the sequence, the conditi on tables are accessed at least once. The sequence of the condition tables represents the search strategy to determine the corresponding condition record. The system searches for valid condition records for the condition tables (accesses). A condition record contains the actual shipment rates. If no valid condition record exists for the first condition table, the system searches for condition records for the second table. When the system finds a valid condition record for a condition table, the condition record is read and the corresponding value is transferred to the shipment cost document. The system repeats all of these steps for each condition type until the entire pricing procedure is processed.

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Figure 73: Determining the Pricing Procedure

All condition types permitted in pricing are contained in the pricing procedure.

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The pricing procedure is determined automatically based on different criteria: •

Transportation planning point of the shipment

•

Shipping type (grouped in a shipping type procedure group)

•

Service provider (grouped in a service agent procedure group)

•

Shipment cost item category (grouped in an item procedure group)

You set pricing procedure determination in Customizing.

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U s e S A P Figure 74: Condition Records for Shipment Costs

The aim of pricing is to determine prices and surcharges/discounts (= conditions) for a business transaction and additionally allow the user to influence these conditions manually and spcifically. Prices, surcharges, and discounts are stored in condition records. You can define conditions at any level . A level corresponds to the fields in the condition table in which a condition record is stored. The level therefor e also represents the key fields for the access to a condition. Common levels at which price agreements are made are predefined in the standard system. You can simply add any levels that you may need additionally. Thus you can make conditions dependent on any fields of a business document. By specifying a validity period, you can restrict a condition to a specific period.

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You can maintain the values within a condition record (price, surcharge, discount) depending on a scale (weight-based, volume-based or value-based scale). You can also use multidimensional scales. There is no limit to the number of scale levels. For each condition record, you can define lower and upper limits that allow you to change a pricing element manually that is determined automatically by the system only within the limits specified.

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Calculation Bases

U s e S A P Figure 75: Calculation Bases

The calculation base determines the srcin of the data that is used during pricing as a basis for the condition type. It also determines which information is available for determining the prices. For all calculation bases, the information from the shipment header and possibly the shipment stage and the shipment cost item is available. The calculation base also defines how the scale bases such as gross weight, net weight, and volume are calculated. If you use the delivery item as the calculation base, for example, information from the delivery header and the delivery items is available, but not from the shipping units. Weight and volume only refer to the delivery item. The condition type controls which calculation base is used for calculation.

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When the shipment costs are calculated, the system determines the shipment cost sub-items from the different calculation bases of the condition types included in a pricing procedure. The calculation itself is then carried out for each sub-item.

Hint: SAP recommends that you select a calculation base that is only as detailed as necessary - for system load and clarity reasons. For example, if only the total weight and the leg are relevant for you, the shipment cost item is

totally as calculation basis. However, can distribute the costs on a more sufficient detailed level. Cost distribution does notyou depend on the calculation base. For example, you could calculate the shipment costs using the shipment cost item calculation base and distribute the costs at delivery item level. The system distributes the costs proportionally by weight.

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Figure 76: Examples of Calculation Bases

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Examples of how to use individual calculation bases:

•

If only the leg and the total weight are relevant for you, it is sufficient to calculate the shipment costs at the shipment cost item level. This way you provide transparency, since additional data from the deliveries or the handling units is redundant.

•

If the contracts that you have made with your forwarding agent specify shipment cost calculation by wire cage pallet, use the handling units calculation base. All weightunit” and volume specifications refer to the handling With the “handling (C) calculation base, athen sub-item is generated forunits. each handling unit type (one sub-item with 30 wire cage pallets, for instance). If you would like to calculate costs per individual handling unit (for packaging shipping, for example), select the E (“Per Handling Unit”) calculation base. The system then generates a sub-item for each handling unit (20 sub-items for each package, for instance). If the contents of the handling unit is also relevant for calculation, use calculation base F (“shipping unit including delivery item”). If you would like to calculate shipping costs per ship-to party, but do not need data from delivery items, you can use the Delivery calculation base.

•

If you must consider several freight classes, divisions, or other material information when calculating the shipment costs, you need the material data from the delivery item and must therefore calculate the costs by delivery item.

Multidimensional Shipment Rates

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Figure 77: Multidim ensional Shipment Rates

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You can maintain multidimensional freight charges and represent them in an easy-to-use freight table for the freight cost area.

Example: You have agreed on a tariff with your service agent that depends on both the distance and the weight of the load to be shipped. You have also agreed on minimum and maximum prices. The following freight costs arise from the freight table: •

A load of 9 tons is transported 320 km. You determine a price of EUR 373 per ton. This yields shipment costs of EUR 3357.

•

A load of 4.9 tons is transported 400 km. A price of EUR 435 per ton was determined, yielding a total of EUR 2131.50. However, the maximal value is EUR 2000.

•

A load of 1 ton is transported 250 km. You determine a price of EUR 336, however, the minimum price is EUR 450, so the freight costs are EUR 450.

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U s e S A P P a r t n e r Figure 78: Multidime nsional Conditio n Types

To represent multidimensional freight charges, you must define a condition type with the “multidimensional” calculation type. Several scales (max. 3) can be assigned to this condition type.

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The scales are defined as own master data - regardless of the condition - and can be assigned to several condition types. They have different scale bases, for example, distance, gross or net weight, postal code, tariff zone, number of shipping units, travel time, total duration. A calculation type is specified for each scale level. You can also define minimum and minimum prices. When you create a condition record, the scales assigned to the condition type appear as default values. You can however replace these values with others, if necessary.

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Exercise 15: Pricing Control Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Describe the pricing settings for shipment cost calculation

Business Example

Your forwarding agents and service agents structure their rates very differently. They are dependent on a range of influencing factors such as distance, weight, and freight class. To help you model these rates, you have defined different condition types in the system. Now you can familiarize yourself with the settings.

Task 1: Familiarize yourself with the Customizing settings for pricing within shipment costs. 1.

Call up the Customizing path for the pricing settings.

2.

Find out which pricing procedure is used in transportation planning point 1000. ___________________________________________________________ What else does the procedure determination depend on?

Take a quick look at the pricing procedure. Which condition types does this procedure contain? ___________________________________________________________

4.

___________________________________________________________ What accesses does this access sequence contain? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________


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Display the condition types. Which access sequence is assigned to condition type FB00?

5.

U s e

P a r t n e r

___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 3.

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Task 2: Identify the calculation base of different condition types. 1.

The calculation base is assigned to condition types in Customizing. Which calculation base do the following condition types have? FB00: _______________________________ FS00: _______________________________

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FGE0: _______________________________ FV00: _______________________________

Task 3: Check the calculation type and the scales for the condition type FGE0. 1.

Call up customizing for condition type FGE0.

2.

What calculation type does the condition type have?

3.

What scales are assigned to this condition type?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 4.

Create a newtype session and What go to scale the master data.and Display scalesdo assigned to condition FGE0. base type unit ofthe measure they each have? Scale ID

Scale Base

Unit of Measure


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Solution 15: Pricing Control Task 1: Familiarize yourself with the Customizing settings for pricing within shipment costs. 1.

Call up the Customizing path for the pricing settings. a)

Customizing for shipment cost pricing: IMG: Logistics Execution " Transportation " Shipment Costs " Pricing " Pricing Control

2.

Find out which pricing procedure is used in transportation planning point 1000. ___________________________________________________________ What else does the procedure determination depend on? ___________________________________________________________

U s e

___________________________________________________________ a)

Define and Assign Pricing Procedures procedure determination for shipment costs

Choose

!

!

Define pricing

Select transportation planning point 1000 and choose Determine pricing procedure in the dialog structure. The pricing procedure SDFC00 is found in all cases. Determination also depends on: • Item procedure group: Grouping the shipment cost item categories •

Service agent procedure group: Grouping the service agent

•

Shipping type procedure group: Grouping the shipping types

To leave the determination, choose 3.

Back.




Take a quick look at the pricing procedure. Which condition types does this procedure contain?

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___________________________________________________________ a)

Choose Maintain pricing procedures. Select the entry SDFC00 and choose Control data in the dialog structure. The procedure contains the following condition types: FB00, FBS0, FS01, FS00, FV00, FGE0, SP00, FSP1, FB10, FD00, FD10, FT00, FK00

Back and close the choose activity

Exit the procedure by choosing window by choosing 4.

Cancel.

Display the condition types. Which access sequence is assigned to condition type FB00? ___________________________________________________________ a)

Choose

!

Define Condition Types.

Go to the detail screen for FB00:

To leave this level, choose

Back.

What accesses does this access sequence contain? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ a)

Choose

!

Define Access Sequences

Select the entry MATK and choose Accesses in the dialog structure. Access 1: Table 126: Service agent/Tariff zone dep./Tariff zone dest./Freight class Access 2: Table 125: Service agent/Tariff zone dep./Tariff zone target To leave this level, choose

Back.


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U s e S A P

The Access Sequence is MATK.

5.

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Task 2: Identify the calculation base of different condition types. 1.

The calculation base is assigned to condition types in Customizing. Which calculation base do the following condition types have? FB00: _______________________________ FS00: _______________________________ FGE0: _______________________________ FV00: _______________________________ a)

Choose IMG: Logistics Execution

Pricing

!

Pricing Control

!

Transportation Shipment Costs Define Condition Types !

!

!

In Details, go to the Condition types: Section: Freight costing: Field: Calc. base FB00:

B

Delivery Item

FS00:

C

Handling Units

FGE0:

D

Shipment cost item

FV00:

D

Shipment cost item

Check the calculation type and the scales for the condition type FGE0. Call up customizing for condition type FGE0. a)

Choose IMG: Logistics Execution

Pricing 2.

!

Pricing Control

!

Transportation Shipment Costs Define Condition Types !

!

!

___________________________________________________________ Find the calculat. type for FGE0 on the detail screen.

Calculation type: 3.

Multidimensional

What scales are assigned to this condition type? ___________________________________________________________


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What calculation type does the condition type have?

a)

U s e S A P

Task 3: 1.

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___________________________________________________________ a)

In the dialog structure, choose Scales for condition types .

Scales: Reference D , Scale ID 3 Reference R , Scale ID 61 4.

Create a new session and go to the master data. Display the scales assigned to condition type FGE0. What scale base type and unit of measure do they each have? Scale ID

a)

Scale Base

Unit of Measure

Master data for scales: Choose Logistics !

!

Shipment Costs

Logistics Execution Scales Display

!

!

Master Data

!

Transportation

!

Enter each scale ID and find out what the Scale basis and Scale unit of meas. fields contain. Scale ID 3 61

Scale Base D

R

Unit of Measure KG

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KM

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Exercise 16: Shipment Condition Records Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Create shipment condition records

•

Explain what effects pricing and condition records have on the shipment cost document

Business Example You maintain master data for the different tariff agreements with your forwarding agents in the form of condition records.

Task: You have agreed upon tariffs with your forwarding agent TransLog, which handles inbound shipments. These tariffs are scaled on the one hand according to weight, and on the other according to distance. 1.

Create a condition record for this forwarding agent for the multidimensional condition type FGE0.

Condition type: ServcAgent: Unit:

FGE0 T-S11G##

Now create a shipment cost document for the inbound shipment with the forwarding agent T-S11G## (from line 4 on the data sheet).

To which shipment cost type does this document belong?

4.

Identif y which items were created and why.

___________________________________________________________


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Caution: Make sure the status of the shipment document is set to at least Planned before creating the shipment cost document.

3.

U s e

P a r t n e r

EUR

Go to the Scales screen and enter feasible values of your choice in all entry fields in the table. 2.

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___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 5.

Check whether the system has used the condition record you created.

6.

Save the document and record the document number on line 17 of your data sheet.

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Solution 16: Shipment Condition Records Task: You have agreed upon tariffs with your forwarding agent TransLog, which handles inbound shipments. These tariffs are scaled on the one hand according to weight, and on the other according to distance. 1.

Create a condition record for this forwarding agent for the multidimensional condition type FGE0.


FGE0 T-S11G## EUR

Go to the Scales screen and enter feasible values of your choice in all entry fields in the table. a)

Choose Logistics !

!

Shipment Costs

Logistics Execution Prices Create

!


!

Master Data

!

Transportation

FGE0

EUR

Scales.

Confirm the scale assignment and then enter your values in all entry fields in the rate table. 2.

Caution: Make sure the status of the shipment document is set to at least Planned before creating the shipment cost document.

Choose Logistics

Costs

!

Create

Logistics Execution Single Documents

!

!

!

Transportation

!

Shipment

Enter the number of the inbound shipment from Exercise 5 in the “Creating Shipments” unit (see line 4 on the data sheet).


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Now create a shipment cost document for the inbound shipment with the forwarding agent T-S11G## (from line 4 on the data sheet).

a)

U s e S A P

!

T-S11G##

Select your entry and choose

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To which shipment cost type does this document belong? ___________________________________________________________ a)

Shipment cost type of the document:

Shipment cost type: 4.

0001 Standard

Identify which items were created and why. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ a)

Two items were created – one for each shipment leg. This is because of item category determination for shipment cost type 0001. The system automatically creates an item with item category 0001 for each shipment leg.

5.

Check whether the system has used the condition record you created. a)

Select the item and choose

Display item details .

Select a sub-item and choose condition record FDE0 is used. 6.

Conditions Sub-items . Notice that

Save the document and record the document number on line 17 of your data sheet. a)

Save the shipment cost document. Record the document number on line 17 of your data sheet.

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•


•


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Lesson: Additional Functions in Shipment Cost Calculation Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will become familiar with additional functions of shipment cost calculation.



•


•

Describe the inclusion of bulkiness factors and minimum weights

•

Describe the options for modeling the geographical aspects of shipment cost calculation

•


•


Business Example When there are several different ways of calculating costs, you compare these methods and select the most favorable option. In the same way, you always choose the most favorable scale level. Most of the tariffs that you and your forwarding agent agreed on depend on distance or tariff zones.

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L e s s o n : A d d i t i o n a l F u n c t i o n s i n S h i p m e n t C o s t C a l c u l at i o n

Shipment Comparisons

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U s e Figure 79: Shipment Comparisons

The system can perform a shipment comparison of two different shipment calculation possibilities and can automatically choose the cheaper option, for example.

Example:

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•

You can, for example, create condition types with the delivery items calculation base and condition types with the handling units calculation base in the same pricing procedure. You can then define condition exclusion groups (A and B) and assign the two condition types with additional discounts to the two different exclusion groups. You then assign these exclusion groups to the pricing procedure and specify the exclusion process Best condition between the two exclusion groupsat header level.

•

If you now carry out shipment cost calculation for which the above pricing procedure is determined, the system calculates the freight value for exclusion group A and exclusion group B. In the first case, the calculation is performed for each delivery item. The final shipment price is EUR 1358. Shipping costs are calculated for both cases. There are 6 pallets. The shipment price is EUR 1290. Based on the exclusion process, the system selects the most favorable variant and calculates the costs by shipping unit.


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Break Weight

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U s e Figure 80: Break Weigh t Calculation

The break weight calculation is used to choose the most favorable scale level for the calculation when using scaled shipment cost agreements. The break weight the weight at and which it is more weight so that youisreach a higher cheaper scalefavorable level. to calculate a heavier

Example:

216

•

You have agreed on shipment costs of EUR 6 per 100 kg for the scale level 5 to 10 tons of weight to be transported, but only 5 EUR per 100 kg for scale level 10 to 15.

•

A shipment of 9 tons would lead to a price of EUR 540 in the scale level 5 to 10. It would be cheaper to calculate the shipment costs for a weight of 10 tons so that it reaches the next scale level and therefore only costs EUR 500.


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Figure 81: Break Weight Calculati on Customizing

You need two condition types to use break weight calculation. The first is for “normal” shipment cost calcul ations at the correct scale level. The second is for calculating at the next scale level. The system uses a condition exclusion procedure to compare the two values and use the cheaper one. For this, you must make the following Customizing settings: •

Define two condition types. The second must refer to the first and use the same condition records.

•

Assign the same scales to both condition types and activate the break weight indicator for the second condition type. For multidimensional scales, activate this indicator for the scale in which the break weight should be calculated.

•

Define an exclusion condition procedure that chooses the cheapest value.


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Representing Geographical Aspects

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U s e

Figure 82: Geographical Influencin g Factors

You have the following options available for modeling geographical aspects in the system as part of pricing: •

Distances:

–

The distance is either specified manually in the shipment stage or the shipment header, or adopted automatically from the route stage. For automatic distance determination, a customer enhancement (enhancement V56DISTZ) is available.

•

218

Locations and Zones

–

You can take data such as country, region, postal code, or transportation zone, which can be used as fields to define condition tables, from the address data of the shipment.

–

You can set automatic determination of tariff zones in Customizing. A tariff zone is a combination of a country's postal code area. Tariff zones are defined in terms of the transportation planning point, the service agent, the shipping type, and the country. For example, a postal code area is assigned to a predefined tariff zone for a combination of transportation planning point, service agent, and so on. Depending on your settings, the tariff zone is automatically determined by the system when a shipment cost item is created, that is, when a shipment cost document is created, or when an additional item is created manually.


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Pricing and Settlement Dates

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Figure 83: Pricing and Settlement Dates

Pricing date:

•

The pricing date is the date that determines date-dependent pricing elements, such as conditions and the foreign currency exchange rate.

Settlement date:

•

The settlement date is the date that is used to record the shipment cost item in Financial Accounting and Cost Accounting. It is also the date that is considered during tax determination.

When a shipment cost item is calculated, the system automatically determines the pricing and the settlement date based on the corresponding Customizing settings (defining and assigning date rules). You can only maintain the pricing and settlement dates at header level when you create the shipment cost document; afterwards, you cannot maintain or change them. If you maintain dates, they are adopted as default dates in the item and overwrite the dates that are automatically proposed by the system. Pricing and settlement dates on the item level are limited and can be manually changed: the settlement date can only be changed if the shipment costs have not yet been assigned; the pricing date can be changed any time before transfer.

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Tax Countries

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Figure 84: Determining the Relevant Tax Country

When calculating the shipment costs, the system can also determine relevant taxes. To calculate taxes within shipment cost calculation, the system refers to the shipment cost document to determine the country of departure and the destination country for tax determination. The following rules apply: Departure tax country:

If the country of departure is not unique, the decisive factor for the shipment cost item refers to: •

The shipment header: The country of departure for the first leg is used.

•

A shipment stage (leg, load transfer point or border crossing point): the country of departure of the shipment stage is used.

Destination tax country:

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If the country of destination is not unique, the decisive factor for the item refers to: •

The shipment header: The country of destination for the last leg is used as the tax country.

•

A shipment stage: The d estination country of the shipment stage is used as the tax country.

•

A load transfer or a border crossing point: The departure country of the shipment stage is used as the tax country.

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Bulky Goods and Minimum Weights

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Figure 85: Bulkiness Factors and Minimum Weight

If you are dealing with bulky goods, you have the option of using a weight adjusted in accordance with a bulkiness factor, instead of the actual weight, when you calculate shipment costs. You can also specify a minimum weight to be calculated for a particular handling unit. To do this, you can define bulkiness groups with bulkiness factors and minimum weights in Customizing.

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The bulkiness group is determined during calculation using the condition technique of pricing. The condition type SP00 is available in the standard system for this purpose. This enables you to find various bulkiness groups using dependencies that can be configured flexibly (for example, service agents or the combination of service agents - shipping type). If a bulkiness group is determined by using a separate condition type (such as SP00), you should make sure that the corresponding condition types in the pricing procedure are placed at the beginning. This makes the bulkiness group for all of the following condition types available.

Bulkiness Factor The bulkiness factor allows two different scale base types (such as weight and volume) to be referenced to each other. Example: You have made the following arrangements with your forwarding agent: The shipment will be calculated based on what is to be transported. The prices depend on an appropriate scale. Bulky goods will be handled as follows:

- Divide the volume (in liters) by 6. - Compare the answer to the actual weight and use the larger of both as the new weight. - Calculation is then based on this new weight. For scale base type D2 (with base formula 110 = the system reads the value of the bulkiness group followed by the conversion factors in this formula), see the following: 1.

Scaling is based on the gross weight.

2.

In the base formula, the gross weight is converted to unit of measure 1; volume is converted to unit of measure 2; volume is multiplied with the given bulkiness factor; the larger of both numbers (gross weight and newly calculated volume) are used as the new gross weight; the new gross weight is converted to the srcinal unit of measurement.

Dependencies: The bulkiness factor is found dependent on the bulkiness group and the scale base type.

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Freight Codes and Freight Classes

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Figure 86: Determining the Freight Code

Forwarding agents and railroads may use freight codes (and sets of freight codes) to classify the goods they have to ship. Freight codes are used for communicating with forwarding agents and are specified in the shipment papers. Specific freight codes are defined in each freight code set. Freight codes are determined in two steps: 1.

The freight code set is automatically determined using the following criteria: •

2.

Country of origin

•

Shipping type (truck, rail, …)

•

Forward ing agent (forwarding agent freight group in the vendor master)

The freight code is automatically determined using the following criteria: •

Freight code set

•

Material (material freight group in the material master)

The material freight group is entered in the Sales:General/Plant Data view in the Material Master.

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Figure 87: Freight Clas ses

You can use the freight class as a criterion for shipmen t cost calculati on. For example, you can create condition records for freight charges that specifically refer to a combination of tariff zone and freight class. Within one freight code set, one or more freight codes are assigned to a freight class.


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Exercise 17: Additional Functions in Shipment Cost Calculation Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Execute shipment comparisons

Business Example You have condition types with different calculation bases. Sometimes several condition types are valid and the system must determine the best condition type. In addition, the best scale should always be used. Besides its weight-dependent tariffs, your forwarding agent, “Nordspeed”, has tariffs in which the shipment costs are calculated based on shipping units.

U s e

Task 1: You have arranged tariffs scaled according to weight with the forwarding agent “Nordspeed” (1058). This calculation includes the break weight. 1.

S A P

What does the term break weight mean? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Consult your course material to remind yourself of how break weights are calculated in the system.

2.

Display the outbound shipment the system has already created in Exercise 1 of “Shipments in Logistics Execution” unit (see line 2 on the Transaction Data Sheet).

___________________________________________________________

Task 2: Display the shipment cost document (which has also already been created) for this shipment (see line 3 on the data sheet). What is the net value of the shipment cost item? ___________________________________________________________


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What is the total weight?

1.

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Look at the calculation by going to the condition screen for the item. Look at the relevant condition record. Which weight was actually used for the calculation? ___________________________________________________________

Task 3: Besides its weight-dependent tariffs, your forwarding agent, “Nordspeed”, has tariffs in which the shipment costs are calculated based on shipping units. 1.

Display the associated condition record:

Condition type: Key Combination:

FS00 Service agent/tariff zone dep./tariff zone targ/shipping mat

ServcAgent: Tf zone point of dep: Tf zone destination: Shipping material:

1058 DE20

PK-100

___________________________________________________________ Create the shipment cost document for the collective shipment from Hamburg to Stuttgart (see line 5 in the data sheet). Which tariff is used – the weight-dependent tariff or the tariff based on shipping units? ___________________________________________________________ Why? ___________________________________________________________ Save the document and record the document number on line 18 of your data sheet. 3.

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Find the settings for this in Customizing.


U s e S A P

DE70

Which amount is defined here?

2.

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Solution 17: Additional Functions in Shipment Cost Calculation Task 1: You have arranged tariffs scaled according to weight with the forwarding agent “Nordspeed” (1058). This calculation includes the break weight. 1.

What does the term break weight mean? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Consult your course material to remind yourself of how break weights are calculated in the system. a)

2.

The break weight is the weight at which it is more favorable to calculate a weight that is heavier than the actual weight so that you reach a higher and cheaper scale level.

Display the outbound shipment the system has already created in Exercise 1 of “Shipments in Logistics Execution” unit (see line 2 on the Transaction Data Sheet). What is the total weight? ___________________________________________________________ a)

Choose Logistics

Logistics Execution Transportation Planning Display !

!

!

Transportation

Total weight: 467.1 kg

Task 2: Display the shipment cost document (which has also already been created) for this shipment (see line 3 on the data sheet). What is the net value of the shipment cost item? ___________________________________________________________ Look at the calculation by going to the condition screen for the item. Look at the relevant condition record.


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Enter the shipment number of the outbound shipment from the unit, “Shipments in Logistics Execution” (see line 2 on the data sheet).

1.

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Which weight was actually used for the calculation? ___________________________________________________________ a)

Choose Logistics

Costs

!

!

Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipment

Display

Enter the number of the associated shipment cost document. Net value of the shipment cost item: EUR 180

Item details

!

Condition details:

Here you can see that calculation using condition type FBS0 is active; this is the break weight calculation with a weight of 500 kg. The actual calculation using condition type FB00 and the actual weight of 467 kg is not active because the break weight value is more favorable.

Task 3: Besides its weight-dependent tariffs, your forwarding agent, “Nordspeed”, has tariffs in which the shipment costs are calculated based on shipping units. 1.

Display the associated condition record:

Condition type: Key Combination:

ServcAgent: Tf zone point of dep: Tf zone destination: Shipping material:

FS00 Service agent/tariff zone dep./tariff zone targ/shipping mat 1058 DE20 DE70 PK-100




Which amount is defined here?

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___________________________________________________________ a)

Choose Logistics !

!

Shipment Costs

Logistics Execution Prices Display

!

Condition type:

!

Master Data

!

Transportation

!

FS00

Choose the second key combination (service agent/tariff zone dep/tariff

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zone dest/shipping material).

Service Agent: Tf zone point of dep: Tf zone destination: Shipping material: Amount: 2.

1058 DE20 DE70 PK-100 EUR 6.50

per piece

Create the shipment cost document for the collective shipment from Hamburg to Stuttgart (see line 5 in the data sheet). Which tariff is used – the weight-dependent tariff or the tariff based on shipping units? ___________________________________________________________ Why?


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Save the document and record the document number on line 18 of your data sheet. a) Caution: To do this exercise properly, you need to have completed the exercise 11 in the unit “Shipment Processing”.

Choose Logistics

Costs

!

Create

Logistics Execution Single Documents

!

!

!

Transportation

!

Shipment

Enter the number of the collective shipment going from Hamburg to Stuttgart (see line 5 on the Transaction Data Sheet.). Go to the details screen of the item. Since the rate is active at the handling units level, condition record FS00 (rate per handling unit) is used. The reason for this is that the system ran a shipment cost comparison between condition types FB00 and FS00 in the background. This is achieved in Customizing using a condition exclusion procedure. Save the document and record the document number on line 18 of your data sheet. 3.

Find the settings for this in Customizing. a)

In the IMG: choose Logistics Execution

Costs

!

Pricing

!

Pricing Control

!

Transportation Shipment Condition Exclusion Condition !

!

!

Exclusion for Groups of Conditions.

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•


•

Describe the inclusion of bulkiness factors and minimum weights

•

Describe the options for modeling the geographical aspects of shipment cost

•

calculation Explain the determination of the relevant pricing and settlement dates in the shipment cost document

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•


•


• •

Explain break weight calculation Describe the inclusion of bulkiness factors and minimum weights

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Describe the options for modeling the geographical aspects of shipment cost calculation

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Unit 7 Shipment Cost Settlement Unit Overview Shipment Cost Calculation is followed by settlement, that is, the transfer to Financial Accounting and clearing with the service agent. In addition, this unit introduces how shipment costs can be passed on to the customer.

U s e


Explain the steps involved in shipment cost settlement

•

Provide an overview of account determination as well as assignment of costs to a controlling object.

•

Create an external service order so that the shipment costs can be transferred.

•

Transfer shipment costs.

• •

Create a credit memo using the credit memo procedure. Manually create an invoice.

•

Explain the procedure used if shipment costs are to be considered as delivery costs

•

Access shipment cost information in the sales order

•

Define shipment cost information and planning profiles

•

Create a customer billing document and transfer the shipment costs from the shipment cost document

Unit Contents Lesson: Shipment Cost Transfer ................................................. Exercise 18 : Assigning and T ransferring Cos ts .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Lesson: Settlement of Co sts wit h the Se rvice Age nt... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Exercise 19: Cr eating Credit Memos .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . Lesson: Shipment Costs in the Sales Process .................................

235 243 250 255 259

Exercise 20: Ship ment Cost Information in the Order .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. 265

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Exercise 21: Bill ing Shipment Costs to the Customer .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 271

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L e s s o n : S h i p m e n t C o s t Tr a n s f e r

Lesson: Shipment C ost Transfer Lesson Overview This lesson describes the process of shipment cost settlement. It includes account determination in Financial Accounting as well as assignments to a controlling object.



•


•


•


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Business Example

S A P

Shipment Cost Settlement


Figure 88: Shipment Cost Settlement with Direct Transfer

Shipment costs are settled with the service agent per shipment cost item.

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Settlement includes:

•

Assigning and transferring shipment costs to Financial Accounting to generating accruals, and assigning costs to a CO object.

•

Settlement of Costs with the Service Agent :

Posting payables by canceling the accruals. You need to have entered and accepted the services provided before you can transfer costs Financial Accounting. creates the service entry sheet to based on a purchase orderThe for system externalautomatically services. Before you can settle costs with the service agent, you need to create an invoice using manual invoice verification or create a credit memo using the credit memo procedure.

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Figure 89: Settlement in Detail

During account assignment, the system determines the correct G/L account in Financial Accounting for each shipment cost item and the assignment for Controlling. Account assignment can be carried out at different levels, depending on how detailed you want to track costs. A transfer to Financial Accounting to establish accruals requires entering the services performed. However, each service entry sheet is based on a purchase order. You must initially have created this purchase order for the service agent in Purchasing. During the posting process, you accept the services performed; an account document is created in Financial Accounting to create accruals. The system creates additional subsequent documents in Financial Accounting.

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Using the credit memo procedure, also referred to as the ERS (Evaluated Receipt Settlement) procedure, you can settle the shipment costs with the service agent without having received invoices from him/her. You can choose from different settlement periods. You transfer the calculated shipment costs to Financial Accounting. The invoices are verified by the service agent. If the service agent discovers variances, you can post these as subsequent debits/credits. If you receive invoices from the service agent, you can also manually and create the invoices manually.

verify the invoices

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U s e S A P Figure 90: Automating Calculation and Settlement

When you assign item categories to shipment cost types in Customizing, you can define the degree of automatic processing . When shipment cost documents are created, either individually or using Collective Processing, the shipment cost items are generated based on the predefined degree of automatic processing. This means that the shipment cost items can be created automatically, and the shipment costs are calculated, assigned or transferred automatically.

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G/L Determination and Cost Accounting

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Figure 91: Automatic G/L Account Determination

G/L account determination is a standard function of materials management. To establish accruals and post the payables, the system must first determine the correct G/L accounts in Financial Accounting that are to be posted to. G/L acco unt determination is carried out automatically. The system uses the

following parameters for determining the accounts: • Chart of accounts - from the company code of the transportation planning point, •

Valuation grouping code - from the valuation area of the plant that is assigned to the tr ansportation planning point and the shipment cost type,

•

Transaction key - always G BB Account grouping - from the Customizing setting of the account assignment,

•

Valuation class - from the Customizing setting of the shipment cost item category.

G/L accounts are determined at shipment cost item level.

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Figure 92: Assignment for Cost Accounting

To post to objects in Cost Accounting, the system must first determine the correct objects. The system automatically determines these objects in Cost Accounting. The following parameters are important: •

Account assignment category :

The account assignment category determines which object is to be posted to (for example, cost center or order) and which account assignment data is required. •

Cost distribution:

Cost distribution determines the level at which costs are to be transferred, depending on how detailed you want to track costs. Possible distributions are by shipment cost item, by delivery, or by delivery item. These distributions are completely independent of the calculation bases. If they match the calculation bases, however, the system distributes the costs according to srcin. If costs are distributed to a more detailed level than the calculation base, this is carried out according to the proportional weight. For example, you can calculate the costs by shipment cost item and distribute them at delivery item level. •

Origin of CO assignments:

This parameter defines the srcin of the information that is used for determining the CO object. All three parameters are defined in Customizing for each item category.

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Transfer

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Figure 93: Transfer Options

There are several procedures that you can use for transferring shipment cost documents to Financial Accounting. You can manually set the transfer indicator in the shipment cost document for each shipment cost item. When the document is saved, it is automatically transferred. You can start a Collective Processing run to change shipment cost documents (for example, all documents created to this date) and transfer the shipment costs of all documents in this Collective Processing run. For reasons of system load, you could also execute this Collective Processing run overnight. When you create shipment cost documents either individually or using Collective Processing, the system can automatically transfer the shipment items depending on your settings.


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Figure 94: Transfer to Financial Accounting

TheTransfer to Financial Accounting to establish accruals requires entering and accepting the services rendered. The system automatically creates a system entry sheet. Each service entry sheet is based on an external service order. Determining a valid purchase order is required for transfers to Financial Accounting and for settlements. The service entry sheet can be created automatically as of at 4.6C. You can also create the purchase order every month for the service agent. Important criteria for the service order include service agent, purchasing organization, purchasing group, plant, and item category. When the system has automatically determined a valid purchase order, a service entry sheet is created that refers to the purchase order. During posting, you accept services; in Financial Accounting, an accounting document for generating accruals is created.

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Exercise 18: Assigning and Transferring Costs Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Display an external service order for the forwarding agent.

• •

Identify which G/L accounts and cost centers are found in account assignment Transfer the shipment costs to Financial Accounting and Controlling.

Business Example You want to settle the shipment costs with your service agent. The system should automatically determine accounts and cost centers in Financial Accounting and Controlling. Check the corresponding settings. An entry of services rendered that refers to a purchase order is necessary to transfer the costs to accounting. So you find the purchase order and transfer the costs.

Task 1: 1.

An entry of services rendered that refers to an external service order is necessary in order to transfer and settle the shipment costs. This documents and “justifies” the purchase of a service. Your purchasing department has already created the purchase order. Find the purchase order using the list display for the vendor (forwarding agent):

Vendor: Scope of List: Validity key date:

T-S11G## BEST

!

Purchasing

!

Purchase Order

!

List

!

What is the purchase order number?


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Hint: To do this, use the following menu path:

Materials Management Displays By Vendor

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__________________________________

Task 2: 1.

In change mode, call up the shipment cost document you created for the inbound shipment in Exercise 16 in the “Calculating Shipment Costs” unit (see line 17 on the data Sheet).

2.

Check the status in the header: Calculated: __________________________________ Assigned: ___________________________________ Transferred: ________________________________

3.

Go to the account assignment item screen ( Item G/L accounts and cost centers were found?

!

Account assignment). Which

U s e

G/L Account: ________________________________ Cost Center: ________________________________ 4.

To transfer the document to accounting, select the Transfer flag on the Settlement tab, and choose Enter.

5.

Which purchasing document was found for the entry of services rendered? ___________________________________________________________ Save the shipment cost document and then display it.

6.

What status does the document have now? Calculated: __________________________________ Assigned: ___________________________________ Transferred: ________________________________

7.

Display the document flow for the shipment cost document and go from there to the Services acceptance materials document. What is the function of this document? ______________________________________________________

8.

To display the provisions that appear in accounting, go to the accounting document from the material document. Which accounts were posted to? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

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Solution 18: Assigning and Transferring Costs Task 1: 1.

An entry of services rendered that refers to an external service order is necessary in order to transfer and settle the shipment costs. This documents and “justifies” the purchase of a service. Your purchasing department has already created the purchase order. Find the purchase order using the list display for the vendor (forwarding agent):

Vendor: Scope of List: Validity key date:

T-S11G## BEST

U s e

S A P

Hint: To do this, use the following menu path:

Materials Management Displays By Vendor

!

Purchasing

!

Purchase Order

!

List

!

What is the purchase order number? __________________________________ a)

Display external service order:

Logistics Materials Management By Vendor List Displays !

!

!

Purchasing

!

Purchase Order

!

T-S11G## BEST

Choose Execute. Record the numb er on line 19 of your data sheet .


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Make your selection using the following data:

Vendor: Scope of List: Validity Key Date:

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Task 2: 1.

In change mode, call up the shipment cost document you created for the inbound shipment in Exercise 16 in the “Calculating Shipment Costs” unit (see line 17 on the data Sheet). a)

Change shipment cost document:

Logistics Change 2.

Logistics Execution Single Document

!

!

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

Check the status in the header: Calculated: __________________________________ Assigned: ___________________________________ Transferred: ________________________________ a)

Status:

Status tab: Fully calculated, account assignment fully completed, not transferred. 3.

Go to the account assignment item screen ( Item G/L accounts and cost centers were found?

!

Account assignment). Which

G/L Account: ________________________________

Select the line item. !

Account Assignment

G/L account: Cost center: 4.

417000 9030

To transfer the document to accounting, select the Transfer flag on the Settlement tab, and choose Enter. a)

Transfer document (You must transfer each line item):

Item Details

!

Settlement tab

Select the Transfer indicator and choose Enter.


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Cost Center: ________________________________ a) Account assignment (Check for each line item):

Item

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5.

Which purchasing document was found for the entry of services rendered? ___________________________________________________________ Save the shipment cost document and then display it. a)

Purchasing document for entry of services rendered (for each line item): "

Service Procurement tab.

In the Purchasing doc. field, you see the number of the

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purchase order determined in the previous exercise. Save the document and display it. 6.

What status does the document have now? Calculated: __________________________________ Assigned: ___________________________________

U s e

Transferred: ________________________________ a)

Status

Status tab: Fully calculated, account assignment fully completed, fully transferred. 7.

Display the document flow for the shipment cost document and go from there to the Services acceptance materials document. What is the function of this document? ______________________________________________________ a)

Document flow for shipment cost document: !

Environment

!

Document flow

Place the cursor on Services acceptance and choose Display document.

Services acceptance is a materials management document that documents the activity of a service. It is the basis for creating accruals in accounting. 8.

To display the provisions that appear in accounting, go to the accounting document from the material document. Which accounts were posted to? ______________________________________________________


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______________________________________________________ a)

Display accounting document: In the material document, choose Accounting documents, then choose

Accounting document. The following accounts were posted to: 417000

Servicespurchased

191100

Goods Rcvd/Invoice Rcvd clearing external procurement (accruals)

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•


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Lesson: Settlement of Costs wit h the Servi ce Agen t Lesson Overview This lesson describes the credit memo procedure for settling costs with the transportation service provider.


Create a credit memo using the credit memo procedure.

•

Manually create an invoice.

•


Business Example Based on the calculated shipment costs, you periodically send credit memos to most service agents. At the same time, payables are posted in Financial Accounting, and the accruals are dissolved.

Shipment Cost Settlement

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Figure 95: Shipment Cost Settlement with Direct Transfer

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L e s s on : Se t t l e me nt o f C o st s wi t h t he Se rv i c e A ge nt

Shipment costs are settled with the service agent per shipment cost item. Settlement includes:

•

Assigning and transferring shipment costs to Financial Accounting to generating accruals, and assigning costs to a CO object.

•

Settle Costs with Service Agent : Post payables by canceling accruals.

You need to have entered and accepted the services provided before you can transfer costs Financial Accounting. creates the service entry sheet to based on a purchase orderThe for system externalautomatically services. Before you can settle costs with the service agent, you need to create an invoice using manual invoice verification or create a credit memo using the credit memo procedure.

Credit Memo Procedure

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Figure 96: Credit Memo Procedure

The credit memo procedure (also referred to as ERS procedure, “Evaluated Receipt Settlement”) is used to settle shipment costs directly without the need for having received an invoice. On the basis of the calculated shipment costs, you issue a credit memo to the service agent. The payee is responsible for verifying this credit memo.

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The calculated shipment costs are transferred directly to Financial Accounting where the payables are posted and the accruals are dissolved. If the service agent finds any variances during invoice verification, you post these as subsequent debits/credits. You can create single credit memos, that is, you create a credit memo for each shipment cost item and service agent, or you periodically create collective credit memos by service agent. The settlement periods for periodic settlement are flexible.

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Incoming Invoice Verification

U s e S A P

Figure 97: Manual Invoice Verification

When you verify invoices manually, you receive an invoice from the service agent. Manually create an invoice in the system, verify this invoice, and post it manually.


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Shipment Costs as Delivery Costs

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U s e Figure 98: Shipment Costs as Delivery Costs

In the case of incoming shipments or shipments within the company, for example, you can use shipment costs as delivery costs . The shipment costs determined in the shipment cost document are not directly transferred to Financial Accounting, but are entered in the goods receipt document in MM and added to the relevant material. Example of this type of business process:

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Create a purchase order for the vendor. You do not yet know what the exact shipment costs are, so they are not included in the purchase order.

•

Create an inbound delivery based on the purchase order.

•

Generate an inbound shipment with one or more inbound deliveries.

•

Next, create the shipment cost document. This is only relevant to the calculation, not the settlement, of the costs.

•

When you post the goods receipt with reference to the inbound delivery, the system accesses the shipment costs. In this case, they represent delivery costs. This increases the value of the material, and therefore the unit costs as well.

•

You settle the costs with the vendor and forwarding agent using invoice verification in MM. The shipment costs are treated as planned delivery costs.



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Exercise 19: Creating Credit Memos Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Execute the credit memo procedure (ERS procedure)

Business Example

Since you agreed with your forwarding agent to regularly send credit memos for the amounts incurred, create a credit memo using the ERS procedure.

Task: After the costs have been transferred, you settle the shipment costs with the service agent directly, without an invoice. You create a credit memo using the ERS procedure. 1.

In the selection screen, enter your service agent and the purchase order number referred to in the entry of services performed.

2.

To display the entire process once more, return to the shipment cost document. Call up the document flow.

Record the number of the credit memo that was created.

Go to the invoice receipt document. Which accounts were posted to?

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___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

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Solution 19: Creating Credit Memos Task: After the costs have been transferred, you settle the shipment costs with the service agent directly, without an invoice. You create a credit memo using the ERS procedure. 1.

In the selection screen, enter your service agent and the purchase order number referred to in the entry of services performed. Record the number of the credit memo that was created. a)

Create credit memo using ERS procedure: Choose Choose Logistics Logistics Execution Transportation Shipment Costs Freight Invoice Check Logistics Invoice Verification Automatic Settlement Evaluated Receipt Settlement (ERS) !

!

!

!

!

!

!

Vendor:

U s e

T-S11G##

Deselect the Test Run indicator. Choose

Execute

The Credit Memo Number is assigned by the system. 2.

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To display the entire process once more, return to the shipment cost document. Call up the document flow. Go to the invoice receipt document. Which accounts were posted to? ___________________________________________________________



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___________________________________________________________ a)

Display entire process: Choose Logistics

Costs

!

!

Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipment

Display

Enter the number of the shipment cost document then choose Enter.

Environment

!

Document flow

Place the cursor on Invoice receipt and choose Display document. The following accounts were posted to: T-S11G##:

Liabilities to your service agent

191100:

Goods Rcvd/Invoice Rcvd clearing external procurement (accruals)

154000:

Inputtax

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L e s s o n : S h i p m e n t C o s t s i n t h e S a l e s P ro c e s s

Lesson: Shipment Co sts in th e Sales Pro cess Lesson Overview This lesson introduces the shipment cost information options and the shipment cost transfer to the customer.



•


•


Business Example Your sales employees often have to estimate the shipment costs for a particular shipment as soon as they create an order, either to give customers information or to compare different transportation options. In most cases, the costs you want to settle with the customer are those that the shipment actually incurred. You therefore transfer the shipment costs from the shipment cost document to the customer billing document.

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Shipment Cost Information in the Order

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Figure 99: Shipment Cost Information in the Sales Order

You often need to specify the shipment costs in the order. The “shipping cost information” function in the order allows you to do this. The system runs a simulation in the background to create outbound deliveries as well as shipments and shipment cost documents. The shipment costs are calculated from the shipment cost information profile stored for each sales document type. You can use different variants (planning profiles) for this. The system then calculates the shipment costs in different ways. For example, you can compare whether a road or rail shipment would be cheaper.


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Figure 100: Cost Information Profile and Planning Profile

You define the shipment cost information profile in Customizing. It contains default values for the transportation planning point, the shipment type and the shipment cost pricing procedure. Assign this shipment cost profile to one or more sales document types . transportation profiles You information can also assign one or moreplanning to shipments a shipment cost profile. These profiles planning are used for creating in Collective Processing. A planning profile determines how deliveries should be combined into a shipment and which data should be entered into the shipment document.

If you trigger the shipment cost calculation in the sales document, the data used in the simulated combination of shipments is the same as the data saved in the order and the relevant shipment cost profile. If planning profiles have been assigned to the shipment cost profile, their data is also used to calculate shipment costs so that you can compare the costs of different methods of transportation.

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Settlement of Shipment Costs with the Customer

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Figure 101: Settlement of Shipment Costs with the Customer

You can bill the customer for the actual shipment costs based on effective shipment costs that were calculated with the forwarding agent in transportation and shipment processing. The freight costs then appear as an additional entry in the customer billing document. Shipment costs that are calculated from the delivery items in the shipment cost document are assigned directly to their corresponding billing document items. Costs that are based on other factors, for example, the shipment cost items, are distributed among the billing document items according to the proportional weight of the delivery items.


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Figure 102: Controlling the Settlement with the Customer

To bill the customer for the shipment costs in the customer billing document, you must make the following Customizing settings: •

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Condition types with the same name must be created in the pricing procedures for shipment cost calculation and billing document pricing. These condition types must be indicated as statistical in the shipment cost pricing procedure and as manual in the pricing determination procedure.

•

In the general pricing procedure, you must activate the Specific procedure field. This causes the system to redetermine the condition class as well as the statistical indicator.

•

You must also specify the price source at item level as “shipment costs” in copying control for billing documents. This ensures that the conditions are copied from the shipment cost document to the billing document.


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Exercise 20: Shipment Cost Information in the Order Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •


Business Example Customers often want to have some idea of what the shipment costs will amount to when they make their order. To meet this requirement, you can access shipment cost information. You can also compare several shipment variants and their shipment costs. The customer or sales employee can then decide to use the cheapest option, for example.

Task: A customer places an order with you and would like to be informed in advance of the approximate shipment costs. 1.

OR

Sold-to party PO Number Material and Order Quantity: Material and Order Quantity:

T-S11A## 234##

P a r t n e r

T-ATC1, 25 pieces T-ATD1, 25 pieces

O n l y

Save the order. 2.

Go to change mode in the above sales order. Call up the shipment cost information. Which planning profiles are used? _________________________________________________________

3.

In the planning profile , enter service agent 50999. Then access the shipment cost information.


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U s e S A P

Create a standard order for your customer CompuMax in Frankfurt:

Order type

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Compare the values determined by the different calculation methods. 4.

Display the log. Which documents were simulated in the background? Why? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

5.

Optional

View the grouping criteria and the data profile for the different planning profiles and check the document simulation. 6.

Optional

In Customizing, check which shipment cost information profile is saved for sales document type OR.

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Solution 20: Shipment Cost Information in the Order Task: A customer places an order with you and would like to be informed in advance of the approximate shipment costs. 1.

I n t e r n a l

Create a standard order for your customer CompuMax in Frankfurt:

Order type Sold-to party PO Number Material and Order Quantity: Material and Order Quantity:

OR T-S11A## 234## T-ATC1, 25 pieces T-ATD1, 25 pieces

U s e

Save the order. a)

Create order: Choose Logistics

!


Order Type Sold-to party PO Number Material and Order Quantity: Material and Order Quantity: 2.

!

Sales

!

Order

!

Create

OR T-S11A##

P a r t n e r

234## T-ATC1, 25 pieces T-ATD1, 30 pieces

Go to change mode in the above sales order. Call up the shipment cost information.

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Which planning profiles are used? _________________________________________________________ a)

Call up shipment cost information:

Logistics

!


Choose Extras

!

!

Sales

!

Order

!

Change

Shipment cost information

planning profiles 0001-01 and 0002-01 are used. Continued on next page

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In the planning profile , enter service agent 50999. Then access the shipment cost information. Compare the values determined by the different calculation methods. a)

Execute shipment cost information: In the planning profile , enter service agent 50999. Then choose Execute. The system determines different shipment costs for the 3 calculation methods.

4.

Display the log. Which documents were simulated in the background? Why? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ a)

Display the log: Choose Log . Since the items have different shipping points, two outbound deliveries were simulated. The calculation method creates a shipment document for each simulated delivery document; in this case, two shipment documents and the corresponding shipment cost documents were simulated. The calculation method 0001-01 also simulates two shipment documents, since a separate shipment is created for each shipping point (grouping criteria); that’s why two shipment cost documents were created in this case too. With calculation method 0002-01, the system simulates only one shipment document and one shipment cost document.

5.

Optional

View the grouping criteria and the data profile for the different planning profiles and check the document simulation. a)

Display grouping criteria and data profiles: Click on the magnifying glass at the end of the grouping criteria and data profile fields. Check the settings.

6.

Optional


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In Customizing, check which shipment cost information profile is saved for sales document type OR. a)

Customizing: Choose IMG : Sales and Distribution Sales Sales Documents Sales Document Header Define Sales Document Types !

!

!

!

Go to the details screen of order type OR. In the Shipping data block, you will see that the defined shipment cost information profile is STANDARD.

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Exercise 21: Billing Shipment Costs to the Customer Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •

Transfer the shipment costs from the shipment cost document to the customer billing document

Business Example You have agreed with some customers to invoice them for the shipment costs actually incurred. In these cases, you only create the customer billing document when the shipment costs for this operation have been fully calculated. To distinguish this method of processing from other methods, you use a different billing type.

Task 1: The shipment costs for the outbound shipment from “The Basics of Transportation Processing” unit (see line 3 on the data sheet) have already been calculated fully. 1.

Check the status at header level of the shipment cost document.

Calculated: Assigned: Transferred:

__________________________________

2.

What are the calculated shipment costs?

3.

Branch to the associated shipment document (using the document flow, for instance). Note the number of the outbound delivery involved in this shipment. _________________________________________________________




__________________________________ __________________________________

_________________________________________________________

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Task 2: Now create the billing document for the outbound delivery. 1.

Since you want to copy the shipment costs from the shipment cost document to the billing document, you use billing type ZFK, Invoice with freight , which has the appropriate settings.

Hint: In theceDefault ofBilling the Create data block select Invoi with freight in the type billing field. document screen,

Enter the outbound delivery number in the Document field under Docs

to be processed. To go to the billing document, choose Execute. 2.

In the billing document, go to the condition screen of the item. What is the condition type for the shipment costs called? _________________________________________________________ What amount was set in the document for this? _________________________________________________________

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Solution 21: Billing Shipment Costs to the Customer Task 1: The shipment costs for the outbound shipment from “The Basics of Transportation Processing” unit (see line 3 on the data sheet) have already been calculated fully. 1.

I n t e r n a l

Check the status at header level of the shipment cost document.

Calculated: Assigned: Transferred: a)

__________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________

Check status: Choose Logistics

Costs

!

!

Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipment

Display

Enter the number of the shipment cost document you documented in “The Basics of Transportation Processing” unit (see line 3 on the data sheet).

Status tab:

2.

Calculated:

Fully calculated

Assigned: Transferred:

Account assignment fully completed Not transferred

_________________________________________________________ Shipment costs: Net value: EUR 180 3.

Branch to the associated shipment document (using the document flow, for instance). Note the number of the outbound delivery involved in this shipment.


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What are the calculated shipment costs?

a)

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_________________________________________________________ a)

Display shipment document: Choose Environment

!

Document Flow.

Place the cursor on the shipment document and choose Display document. To find the number of the outbound delivery, go to the

Shipments

and deliveries. overview.

Task 2: Now create the billing document for the outbound delivery. 1.

Since you want to copy the shipment costs from the shipment cost document to the billing document, you use billing type ZFK, Invoice with freight , which has the appropriate settings. Hint: In the Default data block of the Create billing document screen, select Invoice with freight in the Billing type field .

Enter the outbound delivery number in the Document field under Docs to be processed. To go to the billing document, choose Execute. a)

Create billing document using billing type Invoice with freight (ZFK): Choose Logistics Create.

!


!

Billing

!

Billing Document

!

In the upper half of the screen, in the Default data block, select the billing type Invoice with freight. Enter the number of the outbound delivery to be billed and choose Execute. 2.

In the billing document, go to the condition screen of the item. What is the condition type for the shipment costs called? _________________________________________________________ What amount was set in the document for this?


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_________________________________________________________ a)

Display conditions: In the billing document, choose Pricing conditions header. The condition type for the shipment costs is called FK00 (shipment costs for customer).

Amount FK00: EUR 180; this corresponds to the shipment costs calculated I n t e r n a l

in the shipment cost document.


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Unit 8 Using Express Delivery Companies I n t e r n a l

Unit Overview Special functions that are required for transportatoin using express services are introduced in the following unit.

Unit Objectives

U s e


Highlight the special requirements of transportation processing involving express delivery companies

•

Describe the outbound delivery process involving express delivery companies

•

Identify the options for tracking parcels

Unit Contents Lesson: Outbound Deliveries Involving Express Delivery Companies ......

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Lesson: Outbound Deliveries Involving Express Delivery Companies Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will become familiar with the options for working with express delivery companies.



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Business Example You ship many of your urgent outbound deliveries using express delivery companies. However, these deliveries have special requirements, which you would like to model in your system. You want to track the itinerary of the shipments and exchange important information with the express delivery company and the ship-to party.


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L e s s o n : O u t b o u n d D e l i v e r i e s In v o l v i n g E x p r e s s D e l i v e ry C o m p a n i e s

Express Delivery Companies

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Figure 103: Express Delivery Companies

Express delivery companies transport goods quickly and offer the option of tracking the itinerary of the shipments. There are special requirements for processing this kind of shipment which do not arise with “ordinary” shipments.

You can model the special requirements of express deliveries with express delivery processing in the SAP system. These requirements include: Information specific to the service agent recorded in the delivery. This information refers either to the entire delivery or to individual parcels.

Printing out special labels with the required information (this is needed for the automatic sorting machines at the express delivery companies) Creating the manifest/delivery list (simplifies settlement for the express delivery company and eliminates manual entry of shipments; prevents delays) Parcel and status tracking

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I n t e r n a l

Figure 104: Outbound Delivery Using Express Delivery - Process

When express delivery companies are involved in the outbound delivery process, you usually require express delivery information as soon as you create the outbound delivery.This information includes the tracking number, routing information, and the service code and product codes. This data can be defined either at outbound delivery level or handling unit level. If an exp ress delivery is specified the outbound the system automatically loads thecompany information from theindata stored for delivery, that company. In the outbound delivery document, there is a tab page for this at header level called Tracking. The shipper informs the ship-to party of the tracking number and any other information relevant to the express delivery. The ship per also has the option of creating a shipment document containing all the shipments for a particular express delivery company. On the basis of this shipment document, the shipper can create a manifest and send it to the service agent (electronically using the shipment IDoc). Both the shipper and ship-to party can monitor the tracking status of the shipments at any time using the tracking number and Tracking. You maintain the data for the express delivery companies in the Express Delivery Cockpit.

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Parcel Tracking

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U s e Figure 105: Parcel Tr acking

It is often important to track the itinerary of the shipment (delivery or parcel), and to know at any one time where the shipment is, what its status is ( tracking status such as picked up, load transferr ed, or delivered), and so on. The tracking function is available for this. The Tracking tab page in the header details of the outbound delivery gives you the tracking status and all other information relating to the express delivery processing of this outbound delivery. A tracking transaction allows you to select documents by order, purchase order, delivery, shipment, handling unit, or tracking number. The system also displays the tracking status and express delivery company information for the selected document. The tracking status is also displayed in the Document flow, along with the delivery status or status of the shipping unit. Another method of tracking shipments is to access the order status using the Internet application components (IAC) from SAP. From there, you can branch to tracking. This is particularly useful for ship-to parties, who can call up the tracking status using the order number.

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You can also access the status in the background. A workflow connection is possible in this case. In exceptional cases, this may mean that process ors receive items in their inboxes.

I n t e r n a l

U s e Figure 106: Parcel Tracking in Detail

You will find detailed information on the tracking status and the data fields of the express delivery company, which the system supplies automatically, on the Tracking screen. The data can be displayed both at the outbound delivery level and the handling unit level. There are no handling units in the above example, so the data applies to the entire outbound delivery. Users can define their own display variants so the information is displayed to suit their needs. From the tracking screen, you can also request information from the express delivery company via the Internet.

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Express Delivery Cockpit

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Figure 107: Express Delivery Cockpit

The express delivery cockpit is the central point for making all the settings relevant to express deliveries. You must define which data fields are relevant for for each service agent and how they should be determined (= metadata). The master data includes: •

Product and/or service codes:Reflect the services of the express delivery

•

company (speed, services, and so on) Routing information: Depends on postal code; used by automatic sorting machines

•

Tracking status : Optional status confirmation by tracking

•

URL links : Destination URLs for XML and URL templates for tracking; documentation

•

Number ranges : For numbers assigned by the express delivery company


S A P P a r t n e r

An XML-enabled setup interface simplifies the setup procedure if you are supported by the express delivery company or another data provider. You need to create the express delivery company and assign it to a service agent (vendor master record) and shipping points. Next, all the metadata and master data is loaded and can then be further processed manually.

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Unit 9 Concluding Exercise Unit Overview Subsequent to this course, you can test and deepen the knowledge that you gained in the previous days with this final activity.

Unit Objectives

U s e


Define a new transportation planning point

•

Create a new shipment type

•

Define a planning profile for the shipment type

•

Define an activity profile and assign it to the shipment type

•

Set up shipment cost calculation for the new shipment type

•

Create new condition records

•

Maintain purchasing data for shipment cost settlement

I n t e r n a l

S A P

Unit Contents Lesson: Concluding Exercise .. ... ... ... .... ... ... .... ... ... .... ... ... .... ... ... .. 290 Exercise 22: Concluding Exercise ........................................... 293


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Lesson: Concluding Exercise Lesson Overview You now have the opportunity to test and further develop the knowledge that you gained in the actual course by working through a final activity.

Lesson Objectives

I n t e r n a l

After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •


•


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Business Example You want to map your requirements in the SAP system.


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L e s s o n : C o n c l u d i n gE x e r c i s e

Transportation and Shipment Cost Processing

I n t e r n a l

U s e Figure 108: Transportation and Shipment Cost Processin g


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Exercise 22: Concluding Exercise Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: •


•


• •

Define a planning profile for the shipment type Define an activity profile and assign it to the shipment type

•


•


•


I n t e r n a l

Business Example Your computer company not only sells computers but also electronic components in smaller numbers to a few customers in Europe. 70 % of the shipments, which are usually urgent, are shipped by air from Dresden, Germany. You have therefore arranged for door-to-door transportation with an international forwarding agent. The forwarding agent picks up the goods from your Dresden plant and takes them to the airport. The agent organizes the transportation with the air cargo carrier and the issuing of the airway bill (AWB). Depending on the INCOTERMS, the agent takes the goods from the destination airport to the ship-to party. You settle the costs with the forwarding agent per shipment, where one shipment consists of one or more outbound deliveries to a ship-to party. You have agreed on a flat rate that depends on the country of destination and the weight of the shipment. The forwarding agent charges a fee for creating the air waybill and for delivering the goods to the ship-to party. To simplify cost settlement with the forwarding agent, you use the credit memo procedure to regularly send credit memos for the shipment costs incurred.



In the following exercise, you will map these requirements in the SAP system.

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Task 1: A separate organizational unit handles the processing of air cargo shipments in Dresden. You therefore define a new transportation planning point for air cargo first. 1.

Create a new transportation planning point by copying the existing transportation planning point 1200 (Dresden).

TPPt: Description: Company code:

Z0## Air cargo ## 1000

Maintain the address data for the transportation planning point. Change the name and not the address.

Task 2: Create a new shipment type that will meet your requirements for processi ng air cargo shipments. 1.

Call shipment type Z0##, description ## Air cargo that has already been created in the system. Make the following settings in addition to the existing settings:

2.

Since you want to distinguish the air cargo shipments from the other shipments by simply looking at the document number, assign number range 03 to the shipment type.

3.

The shipment can contain several deliveries for different ship-to parties. You do not need to map it as a multi-modal shipment because the forwarding agent is responsible for this. It is therefore a collective shipment with one mode of transport.

4.

Since the shipment is not linked to other shipments, you select the Direct leg leg indicator.

5.

The goods are shipped by air.

6.

Since the shipment costs are to be calculated per shipment, you need a separate leg for each ship-to party. To do this, you can use the leg determination type Prelim. leg per loading point, subsqnt leg per ship-to pty.


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7.

The weight unit default should be kilograms and the volume unit default should be CDM .

8.

The deadlines for the outbound deliveries should be copied to the shipment header as planned deadlines. You therefore set the Deadlines copy routine. All other settings should remain the same. Save your entries.

Task 3: You usually create air cargo shipments online. To do this, select all outbound deliveries due to be shipped that already have the Airplane shipping type in the order. To reduce the manual work required for transportation planning, define a planning profile for your shipment type that meets the following requirements: •

The outbound deliveries should be combined to form shipments in accordance with your route (= one shipment per route).

•

Transportation planning point Z0## processes the shipments, which have shipment type Z0##.

•

T-S11K## (SLL Cargo Services) is the forwarding agent assigned to the shipments.

•

The shipping type is Airplane.

•

The documents are relevant for shipment costs.

•

You need to execute leg determination.

1.

To define the planning profile:

Grouping criteria: Create the Z0##-Route variant. Select the route as the grouping criterion.

4.

Data and options:


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Selection variant: It is not considered in the planning profile. Choose the existing variant 1000/1200.

3.

U s e S A P

Call up Z0## shipment type in Change mode. In the Planning Profile field, enter Z0##-Plan as the description, and choose Maintain to maintain the profile. 2.

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Create the ZZ0##-Cargo variant. Fill out the fields according to the above requirements. 5.

Save the variant and the shipment type.

Task 4: When the forwarding agent picks up the goods, the shipment is considered completed. You receivedocument the orderas number of the forwarding agent,post which have to enter in thethen shipment the container ID. You should the you goods issue for all the outbound deliveries in the shipment. The sales department creates the billing document separately at a later time. 1.

Define an activity profile for your shipment type that models the above requirements when the Completed status is set.

Profile name: Description:

Z0##-05 ## Air cargo completion

Task 5: For your shipments of the Air Cargo shipment type, the shipment costs should be calculated per shipment, meaning per ship-to party. Because of this, a leg is determined for each ship-to party in the shipment, and the shipment costs are calculated based on the legs. 1. When you process your shipment costs, use the existing Standard shipment cost type. 2.

Assign the Standard shipment cost type to your shipment type.

3.

Set the shipment cost relevance for your shipment type. Leg-based costs only should be calculated.

4.

Check which item categories the system creates automatically with reference to a shipment leg for the Standard shipment cost type. _________________________________________________________


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Task 6: Since the calculation method used for air cargo shipments differs greatly from the method used for truck shipments, use a separate pricing procedure for this shipping type. 1.

Take a look at the ZFCL00 pricing procedure, which is already defined. Which condition types does this procedure contain? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

2.

Check the controlling elements of the condition types and their access sequences. Establish what each condition type models.

3.

Set up pricing procedure determination for your transportation planning point Z0##.

Item Category Procedure Group: Service Agent Procedure Group:

0001 No entry

Shipping Type Procedure Group:

0005

Pricing procedure:

ZFCL00

You define the tariff agreements with “SLL Cargo Services” as condition records in the system. First maintain condition records for the ZL01 condition type ( Air Cargo Tariff):

Service agent:

T-S11K## (SLL Cargo Services)

Currency:

EUR


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Task 7:

1.

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FR

Country of dest.

DE

Weight group

Up to 20 kg Up to 32 kg 2.

280

200

450

330

You should also maintain a flat rate for creating an air waybill. You can use condition type ZL02 for this (AWB fee):

Service agent: Amount: Unit: 3.

T-S11K## 20 EUR

Depending on the INCOTERMS, the goods are transported from the destination airport to the ship-to party. The forwarding agent charges a fee for this ( ZL03 condition type, delivery fee). Create a condition record for this as well:

Service agent: INCOTERMS: Quantity: Unit:

T-S11K## (SLL Cargo Services) FH (free house) 60 EUR

Task 8: For the settlement, you need to assign the relevant organizational units in Purchasing to the organizational units in Transportation. These settings are required so that you can create accruals. 1.

Maintain purchasing data in Customizing for your transportation planning point Z0##:

TransportPlanPt: Shipment Cost Type: Purchasing organization: Purchasing group: Plant:

Z0## 0001 1000 000 1200


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Task 9: Test the settings you have made so far: 1.

Create a shipment of the ## Air Cargo type in the Z0##t transportation planning point.

2.

For outbound deliveries relevant for transportation using the following data:

Shipping point: Shipping type: 3.

X0## 05

Select all the outbound deliveries you chose and execute the planning proposal. How many shipments are created? _________________________________________________________

4.

Go to one of the shipments and check whether the data has been copied from the data profile. Which stages have been created? _________________________________________________________

Which service agent was assigned to the shipments? _________________________________________________________

P a r t n e r

Set the Planned status for both shipments. Do not determine the legs again. Check whether the planned deadlines have been copied from the outbound deliveries to the shipment.

Check-In: Loading Start: Loading End: Shipment Completion: Shipment Start: Shipment End: 6.

______________________

O n l y

______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

Assume that the forwarding agent picks up the goods from your plant. Set the Shipment Completion status.


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_________________________________________________________

5.

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What information does the system require you to enter? ______________________________________ Enter any number. 7.

Save your document. What activities are performed in the background? Why?

Task 10: To calculate the shipment costs for both shipments, create shipment cost documents for them. 1.

Create the shipment cost documents individually or using collective processing.

Hint: If you create the documents using Collective Processing, make sure you only calculate the costs for your own shipment documents.

Select the shipment documents using your user ID. 2.

What is the sh ipment cost type of these documents? _________________________________________________________

3.

Identify which shipment cost items were created. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Why? _________________________________________________________

4.

Go to one of the items. Which pricing procedure did the system determine? _________________________________________________________

5.

Try to unders tand the pricing. Check whether the correct amount was calculated.


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Task 11: You now want to create accruals and therefore transfer the shipment costs to FI and CO. 1.

Check one of the shipment cost documents to ensure that account assignment has been completed fully.

2.

To transfer the costs, you need a valid external service order.

I n t e r n a l

In Purchasing, create the purchase order for your forwarding agent: Enter the following values:

Order type: Vendor: Order Date:

Standard purchase order T-S11K## Today’s date

U s e

Organizational Data:

Purchasing org.: Purchasing group: Company code

IDES Germany Chef, H.

S A P

IDES AG

Item overview:

Acct. Assign. Category: Item Category: Short Text: Type of delivery date: Delivery date: Material group: Plant: Storage location:

P a r t n e r

U D Shipping service M (month format) Current month

O n l y

007 1200 (Dresden) 0001 (material storage)

Item Detail: Limits tab: Select the No Limit indicator. Enter EUR 10,000 as the expected value.


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In addition, enter 1I as the tax code on the Invoice tab. 3.

Now transfer the shipment costs. You can do this for all shipment cost documents using collective processing.

4.

Check one of the shipment cost documents to make sure the costs have been transferred. Go to the document flow and view the service acceptance and the associated accounting documents. Which accounts were posted to? _________________________________________________________

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Solution 22: Concluding Exercise Task 1: A separate organizational unit handles the processing of air cargo shipments in Dresden. You therefore define a new transportation planning point for air cargo first. 1.

Create a new transportation planning point by copying the existing transportation planning point 1200 (Dresden).

TPPt: Description: Company code:

Z0## Air cargo ## 1000

Maintain the address data for the transportation planning point. Change the name and not the address. a)

Set up a transportation planning point for air cargo: In IMG, choose: Enterprise Structure !

Definition Maintain Transportation Planning Point !

!

Logistics Execution

Select entry 1200 and choose Copy As. Overwrite the entry as follows:

TPPt: Description:

Air cargo ##

Create a new shipment type that will meet your requirements for processing air cargo shipments. Call shipment type Z0##, description ## Air cargo that has already been created in the system.



S A P

O n l y

Task 2:

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P a r t n e r

Z0##

Choose Enter and maintain the address data on the following screen.

1.

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Make the following settings in addition to the existing settings: a)

Set up shipment type for air cargo: In IMG choose: Logistics Execution Define Shipment Types

!

Transportation

!

Shipments

!

Go to the Details screen for shipment type Z0##. 2.

Since you want to distinguish the air cargo shipments from the other shipments by simply looking at the document number, assign number range 03 to the shipment type. a)

NR int. assgt.: 3.

03

The shipment can contain several deliveries for different ship-to parties. You do not need to map it as a multi-modal shipment because the forwarding agent is responsible for this. It is therefore a collective shipment with one mode of transport. a)

Process Control:

4.

Collective shipment using one mode of transport

Since the shipment is not linked to other shipments, you select the Direct leg leg indicator. a)

Leg indicator: 5.

Direct leg

a) 05


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The goods are shipped by air.

Shipping type:

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6.

Since the shipment costs are to be calculated per shipment, you need a separate leg for each ship-to party. To do this, you can use the leg determination type Prelim. leg per loading point, subsqnt leg per ship-to pty. a)

Determine legs:

7.

Prelim. leg per loading point, subsqnt leg per ship-to pty

The weight unit default should be kilograms and the volume unit default should be CDM . a)

Default:

Weight unit: Volume unit: 8.

KG CDM

The deadlines for the outbound deliveries should be copied to the shipment header as planned deadlines. You therefore set the Deadlines copy routine. All other settings should remain the same. Save your entries. a) Copy routine:

8 (Deadlines)

ShTypePrelimLeg:

01

SubseqLegShType:

01

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Task 3: You usually create air cargo shipments online. To do this, select all outbound deliveries due to be shipped that already have the Airplane shipping type in the order. To reduce the manual work required for transportation planning, define a planning profile for your shipment type that meets the following requirements: •

The outbound deliveries should be combined to form shipments in accordance

•

with your route (= one shipment per route). Transportation planning point Z0## processes the shipments, which have shipment type Z0##.

•

T-S11K## (SLL Cargo Services) is the forwarding agent assigned to the shipments.

•

The shipping type is Airplane.

•

The documents are relevant for shipment costs.

•

You need to execute leg determination.

1.

I n t e r n a l

U s e

To define the planning profile: Call up Z0## shipment type in Change mode. In the Planning Profile field, enter Z0##-Plan as the description, and choose Maintain to maintain the profile. a)

Maintain planning profile for shipment type: In IMGShipment choose: Logistics Define Types Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipments

!

Go to the Details screen for shipment type Z0##.

Planning profile:

Z0##Plan

Choose Maintain. 2.

Selection variant: It is not considered in the planning profile. Choose the existing variant 1000/1200. a)

Selection variant:

1000/1200


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3.

Grouping criteria: Create the Z0##-Route variant. Select the route as the grouping criterion. a)

Grouping criteria:

Z0##Route

I n t e r n a l

Choose Maintain. Select the Route field in the block grouping criteria. Save the variant and give it a description. 4.

Data and options: Create the ZZ0##-Cargo variant.

U s e

Fill out the fields according to the above requirements. a)

Data and options:

S A P

Z0##Cargo

Choose Maintain.

5.

TransportPlanPt:

Z0##

Shipping type:

Z0##

Service agent:

T-S11K##

Shipping type:

05

Shpt. Cost Rel.:

Select

Leg Determination indicator:

Select


Save the variant and the shipment type. a)

Save


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Task 4: When the forwarding agent picks up the goods, the shipment is considered completed. You then receive the order number of the forwarding agent, which you have to enter in the shipment document as the container ID. You should post the goods issue for all the outbound deliveries in the shipment. The sales department creates the billing document separately at a later time. 1.

Define an activity profile for your shipment type that models the above

I n t e r n a l

requirements when the Completed status is set.

Profile name: Description: a)

Z0##-05 ## Air cargo completion

Define activity profile: In IMG choose: Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Shipments

!

Define and Assign Activity Profiles In the table, enter the profile Z0##05 for shipment type Z0## and status

At completion. Choose Maintain. Select the flag Dialog box for fast entry during setting of status . Select Fld Selectn. Set the Container ID field (VTTK-SIGNI) as aRequired Field. Choose Copy. Under Post Goods Issue, set the Carry out goods issue posting during save indicator. Choose Attributes. In the Name field, enter ## Air cargo shipment completion and save the profile.


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Task 5: For your shipments of the Air Cargo shipment type, the shipment costs should be calculated per shipment, meaning per ship-to party. Because of this, a leg is determined for each ship-to party in the shipment, and the shipment costs are calculated based on the legs. 1.

When you process your shipment costs, use the existing Standard shipment cost type. a)

Assign the shipment cost type and set the shipment cost relevance: In IMG, choose Logistics Execution

Shipment Cost Document Shipment Cost Type !

2.

!

Transportation Shipment Costs Shipment Cost Relevance and Default for !

Assign the Standard shipment cost type to your shipment type. a)

Assign shipment cost type: Shipment type Z0##:

3.

!

Ship. cost type

U s e

0001

Set the shipment cost relevance for your shipment type. Leg-based costs only should be calculated. a)

Set shipment cost relevance: In the dialog structure, choose Define shipment cost relevance for shipment

type.

Select the Leg indicator for your shipment type.

4.

Check which item categories the system creates automatically with reference to a shipment leg for the Standard shipment cost type. _________________________________________________________ a)

Check item category determination for shipment cost type 0001: In IMG, choose Logistics Execution !

Shipment Cost Document

!

Transportation Shipment Costs Shipment Cost Types and Item Categories !

!

Select entry 0001 and choose Assign shipment cost types and item categories in the dialog structure. Item category 0001 (shipment costs) was found for cost type B (leg).


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Task 6: Since the calculation method used for air cargo shipments differs greatly from the method used for truck shipments, use a separate pricing procedure for this shipping type. 1.

Take a look at the ZFCL00 pricing procedure, which is already defined. Which condition types does this procedure contain? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ a)

Check the ZFCL00 pricing procedure: In IMG, choose: Logistics Execution

!

Transportation

!

Pricing

!

Define and Assign Pricing Procedures

!

!

Shipment Costs

Pricing Control !

Maintain Pricing Procedure

Go to ZFCL00 in the control screen: Condition types: ZL01, ZL02, ZL03 2.

Check the controlling elements of the condition types and their access sequences. Establish what each condition type models. a)

Controlling condition types:

Define Condition Types Go to the detail screens for the ZL01, ZL02, and ZL03 condition types. ZL01 is the basic rate; access depends on the service agent and the destination country of the shipment. ZL02 is a surcharge for the creation of the airway bill; it depends on the service agent. ZL03 is a surcharge for delivery from the destination airport to the ship-to party; it depends on the service agent and the INCOTERMS. 3.

Set up pricing procedure determination for your transportation planning point Z0##.


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0001 No entry


0005

Pricing procedure:

ZFCL00

a)

Set up pricing procedure determination:

Define and Assign Pricing Procedures determination for shipment costs !

!

Define pricing procedure

Select the Z0## transportation planning point and choose Determine pricing procedure in the dialog structure. Choose New Entries.


U s e

0001 No entry


0005

Pricing procedure:

ZFCL00

S A P

Task 7: You define the tariff agreements with “SLL Cargo Services” as condition records in the system. 1.

First maintain condition records for the ZL01 condition type ( Air Cargo Tariff):

Service agent:

T-S11K## (SLL Cargo Services)

Currency:

EUR


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FR

Country of dest.

DE

Weight group

Up to 20 kg Up to 32 kg a)

280

200

450

330

Create condition records: Choose Logistics !

b)

!

Shipment Costs

Logistics Execution Prices Create

!

!

Master Data

!

Transportation

!

Condition record for ZL01 condition type:

Condition type: Service agent: Country of Destination: Unit:

ZL01 T-S11K##

U s e

Germany (DE) EUR

Choose Scales. Confirm the scale assignment (scale ID 63) in the dialog box. Maintain the values according to the table.

Service agent: Country of Destination: Unit:

T-S11K## France (FR) EUR

Choose Scales. Confirm the scale assignment (scale ID 63) in the dialog box. Maintain the values according to the table. 2.

You should also maintain a flat rate for creating an air waybill. You can use condition type ZL02 for this (AWB fee):


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Service agent: Amount: Unit: a)

T-S11K## 20 EUR

Condition record for ZL02 condition type:

Condition type: Service agent: Amount: Unit: 3.

ZL02 T-S11K## 20 EUR

Depending on the INCOTERMS, the goods are transported from the destination airport to the ship-to party. The forwarding agent charges a fee for this ( ZL03 condition type, delivery fee). Create a condition record for this as well:

Service agent: INCOTERMS: Quantity: Unit:

T-S11K## (SLL Cargo Services) FH (free house)

EUR

a)

P a r t n e r

ZL03 T-S11K## FH 60

O n l y

EUR

Task 8: For the settlement, you need to assign the relevant organizational units in Purchasing to the organizational units in Transportation. These settings are required so that you can create accruals. 1.

Maintain purchasing data in Customizing for your transportation planning point Z0##:


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60

Condition type: Service agent: INCOTERMS: Quantity: Unit:

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TransportPlanPt: Shipment Cost Type: Purchasing organization: Purchasing group: Plant: a)

Z0## 0001 1000 000 1200

Maintain purchasing data: In IMG, choose Logistics Execution !

Settlement

!

Transportation Assign Purchasing Data !

!

Shipment Costs

Choose New Entries:

TransportPlanPt: Shipment Cost Type: Purchasing organization: Purchasing group: Plant:

Z0## 0001

I n t e r n a l

U s e

1000 000 1200

S A P

Task 9: Test the settings you have made so far: 1.

Create a shipment of the ## Air Cargo type in the Z0##t transportation planning point. a)

Create shipment of the Air Cargo shipment type:

Logistics Planning

! !

Logistics Execution Transportation Create Single Documents !

TransportPlanPt: Shipment type: 2.

!

Transportation

!

O n l y

Z0## ## Air cargo

For outbound deliveries relevant for transportation using the following data:


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Shipping point: Shipping type: a)

X0## 05

Select outbound deliveries: Choose Select Further Deliveries.

Shipping point: Shipping type:

X0## 05

Choose Execute. 3.

Select all the outbound deliveries you chose and execute the planning proposal. How many shipments are created? _________________________________________________________ a)

U s e

Execute the planning proposal: Select all outbound deliveries. Choose Create planning proposal for selected deliveries . Choose Execute. Two shipments are created in accordance with the Route grouping criteria.

4.

Go one of the shipments and check whether the data has been copied from the to data profile. Which stages have been created? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________




Which service agent was assigned to the shipments?

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_________________________________________________________ a)

Check data: Go to of one of the shipments in the overview screen ( Overview of Current

Shipment pushbutton). Stages tab:

5.

Shipment1:

2stages

Shipment2:

1stage

Service agent:

T-S11K##

Set the Planned status for both shipments. Do not determine the legs again. Check whether the planned deadlines have been copied from the outbound deliveries to the shipment.

Check-In: Loading Start: Loading End: Shipment Completion: Shipment Start: Shipment End: a)

______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

Set Planned status and check planned deadlines Go to the overview screen of each shipment ( Overview of Current Shipment pushbutton) and set the Planned status. Do not determine the legs again.

Deadlines tab: The system copies the deadlines from the outbound deliveries as planned deadlines for the shipment. 6.

Assume that the forwarding agent picks up the goods from your plant. Set the Shipment Completion status. What information does the system require you to enter? ______________________________________


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Enter any number. a)

Set the Shipment Completion status:

Deadlines tab: According to the settings in the activity profile, the system should request you to enter a container ID. Enter any number. 7.

I n t e r n a l

Save your document. What activities are performed in the background? Why? a)

Save your document. The system posts the goods issue in the background for all outbound deliveries involved in the shipment.



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Task 10: To calculate the shipment costs for both shipments, create shipment cost documents for them. 1.

Create the shipment cost documents individually or using collective processing.

Hint: If you create the documents using Collective Processing, make

sure you only calculate the costs for your own shipment documents. Select the shipment documents using your user ID. a)

Create shipm ent cost documents individually:


!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

!

Enter the shipment numbers one after the other. Create shipment cost documents using Collective Processing:

Logistics Logistics Execution Create Collective Processing !

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

!

T-S11K## Your course user ID

Select the relevant shipment documents and choose Execute. 2.

What is the shipment cost type of these documents? _________________________________________________________ a)

Shipment cost type of the documents: Display a shipment cost document:

Logistics Logistics Execution Display !

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

Both documents have shipment cost type 0001 (standard). 3.

Identify which shipment cost items were created. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________


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Choose your documents using the following data:

Service agent: Created by:

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Why? _________________________________________________________ a)

Shipment cost items: The system created a shipment cost item with item category 0001 for each shipment leg. According to the Customizing settings for item category determination, the system creates shipment cost items (item category 0001) with reference to each shipment leg (cost type B).

4.

Go to one of the items. Which pricing procedure did the system determine? _________________________________________________________ a)

Pricing procedure:

Details screen for the item The system should have found the ZFCL00 pricing procedure. 5.

Try to understand the pricing. Check whether the correct amount was calculated. a)

Understand pricing:

Conditions tab The system determined ZL01 and ZL02 condition types with the

I n t e r n a l


corresponding values. ZL03 condition type is used only if the INCOTERMS of the delivery are FH.

O n l y


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Task 11: You now want to create accruals and therefore transfer the shipment costs to FI and CO. 1.

Check one of the shipment cost documents to ensure that account assignment has been completed fully. a)

Check account assignment:

Logistics Single Logistics Execution Change Document !

!

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

The Assigned status is C (account assignment fully completed). Details screen for the item Choose Account Assignment. 2.

To transfer the costs, you need a valid external service order. In Purchasing, create the purchase order for your forwarding agent: Enter the following values:



IDES Germany Chef, H. IDES AG

U D Shipping service M (month format) Current month


320


S A P

O n l y

Item overview:

Acct. Assign. Category: Item Category: Short Text: Type of delivery date: Delivery date:

U s e

P a r t n e r


Purchasing org.: Purchasing group: Company code

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Material group: Plant: Storage location:

007 1200 (Dresden) 0001 (material storage)

Item Detail: Limits tab: Select the No Limit indicator.

I n t e r n a l

Enter EUR 10,000 as the expected value.



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In addition, enter 1I as the tax code on the Invoice tab. a)

Create external service order:



I n t e r n a l


Purchasing org.: Purchasing group: Company Code:

IDES Germany Chef, H. IDES AG

Item overview:

Acct. Assign. Category: Item Category: Short Text: Type of delivery date: Delivery date: Material group: Plant: Storage location:

U s e

U D Shipping service

S A P

M (month format) Current month 007 1200 (Dresden) 0001 (material storage)

Item Detail:

Limits tab:

O n l y

Select the No Limit indicator. Enter EUR 10,000 as the expected value.

Item Detail:

Limits tab: Tax code: 1I Save the purchase order.


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3.

Now transfer the shipment costs. You can do this for all shipment cost documents using collective processing. a)

Transfer the costs: Collective processing for all shipment cost documents:

Logistics Logistics Execution Change Collective Processing !

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

!

Select the documents using the following fields, for example:

Service agent: Created by:

T-S11K## Your course user ID

Select the documents and choose Execute. 4.

Check one of the shipment cost documents to make sure the costs have been transferred. Go to the document flow and view the service acceptance and the associated accounting documents.

_________________________________________________________ Check transfer: Call up one of the shipment cost documents to be changed:

Logistics Logistics Execution Change Single Document !

!

Transportation

!

Shipment Costs

!

!

Transferred: C status: !

Environment

!

Document flow

Place the cursor on the Services Acceptance document and choose Display Document. The services acceptance document records the service provided by the forwarding agent. Accruals were posted based on the services acceptance document: Choose

!

Accounting Documents

!

Display Accounting Document

The system posted to accounts 417000 and 191100.

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Which accounts were posted to?

a)

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•


•


•


• •

Set up shipment cost calculation for the new shipment type Create new condition records

•


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UnS i tu m m a r y



•


•


•


• •

Set up shipment cost calculation for the new shipment type Create new condition records

•


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Course Summary You should now be able to: •

Describe the position of transportation processing and shipment cost processing within the supply chain

•

Define and create inbound and outbound shipments

•

Calculate and settle shipment costs

•

Make the necessary Customizing settings to adapt your system to meet your specific requirements

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Appendix 1 Data Sheet

I n t e r n a l

You can enter your document numbers in the following table. Doc- Exerucise ment no.

Document type

Search term / refers to:

Document no.:

S A P

Unit: Shipments in Logistics Execution 1 1

Inbound shipment

External ID 1: GR##-1

2

Individual shipment road

External ID 1: GR##-2

3

Shipment cost document

for document number 2

P a r t n e r

Unit: Creating Shipments 4

5

5

6

6

7

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Inbound shipment Stuttgart " Mannheim " Hamburg Collective shipment road Hamburg " Berlin. Collective shipment road Hamburg " Frankfurt " Stuttgart " Munich

O n l y

Created by planning proposal

Collective shipment road Hamburg " Stuttgart


U s e

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A p p e n d i x1 :D a t aS h e e t

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Doc- Exerucise ment no. 8

7

Document type

Individual shipment road Dresden " Berlin

9

Individual shipment road

10

Dresden " Munich Individual shipment road Dresden " Stuttgart


Document no.:

Created in collective processing

I n t e r n a l

Individual shipment road Dresden " Frankfurt

11

Unit: Shipment Cost Processing 12

13


13


14


15

Shipment cost document Shipment cost document

16

for collective shipment (no. 6) Hamburg " Frankfurt " Stuttgart " Munich

U s e S A P

For individual shipments from Exercise 7 (no. 8

P a r t n e r

- 11)

Unit: Shipment Cost Calculation 17

18

328

16

17




For inbound shipment from Exercise 5 Stuttgart " Mannheim " Hamburg (no. 4)

O n l y

For collective shipment from Exercise 6 Hamburg " Stuttgart (no. 7)

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Doc- Exerucise ment no.

Document type


Document no.:

Unit: Shipment Cost Settlement 19

18

20 19

External service order Credit memo

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Feedback SAP AG has made every effort in the preparation of this course to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the materials. If you have any corrections or suggestions for improvement, please record them in the appropriate place in the course evaluation.

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SCM611 Transportation.pdf

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