Robert Dowland - A Varietie of Lute Lessons

VAIZIETIE OF riz,. Alrnai ainc ncs, s, Cora Corant ntoe oes, s, Fanrafics, Pauins, Galliards, Alrn bell ;;tpprollcd AVT

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ai VTE-playing: fo n ri ri . By.rohlJ Bptllo Be/ardo o f V i fo I(JJm Doltland Batchelor

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Thomas ~'14ounjon,

R, the gratef gratefull ull remem remembra brance nce of your bountie to e.in e.in part of Iny Educatioll,whilfi abfent h'OIn E ' n g l a n d ) hath bouldned me your worrhiielfe that they being Mujica!l acceptable ujtc,
and

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pray to Almighty Yours) w h willneuer

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the health

allduery,

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me a111 albeit it ay w e l k no no w n ; l 1 1 1 0 n g f l : yo

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betide.

vendere:

wa

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wi

w h ic ic h my S k my Lute Luteui uifl fl an aT ~ s o f C h ri ri fl fl en en do do m e in m o f p aT Lsbare 1)(IImomni« attained v n w i wh exccfslue

mu

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my k e delpcrare Souldier to thrul] felfe into th Vant-gard, and OC Cc wi we th it ,will fcldome Na wh An vnlike in reafon mc wh all, Iince Co wi mu mo Au we wo wn of o f f in in g er er in in g J o h n Bapfif/o B~ford(} of Vi ma wn wh Wo th (vnrill r c~ c~ er e r r it~o your ) ho ho p ha u e w h ic ic h ro al genera generall ll your ~l1dk ~l1dk.i .iou ou n f Lurc-playmg.) vn o w gray) wa mg wa the hIS: tunes a i wou wh bell: will confecrate the vn {ball euer. to-the vttermcf] of power.

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Mtrit far Iirr Iirrmou mount nt th pitch of'Pralfe, en d h e e ac ac h o f W Q r d J . : Go(}d·w(}rk~ h e e , a n c en then good-words cannot raifc If/ork rk is This If/o

Their w a HtatJ"n-fcaling Cirdts: he i venue h e o w n g l Then l e t he Smifh hath forg'd their pt:a.ife~ Lc;afi it



NECESSARIE OBSERVATIONS playing)

hn

BELONG-

8~AND

13eJardo

ap

Vi

wi Col-

E-ldfons, by Robert D O I f L m d } an

John Doultl1Jd [ V

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Enre thou Ob others)

mo T ak ak e th wh

nd

fafhi fafhion on of praC1iou E) fitch as th famous n d d iu iu in in e Laltrcncimls, om p re re he he nd nd e in o w n e c om in fc rules, much wi

af

d fe fe : y cr cr th th in in k e wa

wh

w o rk rk c

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prJ-chfe Lv good parr.who. mi it, wirh m in in d to profit

nod fe it liuely

to draw

al riti riting, ng, Maiflers

Mailler,

RT fume to teach rhofe which ar t he he r r ri ri ui ui al al l wayes) wa to wh mf we v e e , WhC~1 h e h nc wil vn nc i ried with th.o[e (~iffic Neither would (~ifficll lllt lties ies hic lightl lightl bef..~11y ~ I n e ar ar nnee r thinkc which vic, no wa vnfitly, [0 char there be reafon ealie g rraa ce ce ffuu llnn ef ef f h em em . Ha m. come to h e C un u n e ~1ace 9iller~ w a he ha ee bi whe eo Wi dally afleCl:wlth [0 ay ga Y e know as a : 1 1 free from a l f nncc h b:u:d tl tat would with al pI ambition, we to rncancs o f l ea we ea rn rn in in g to we wi

labour. V h o[ o[ oe o e ue ue r

ra in th A r a bo he f ou rules, if h c b e w h o bo u will v f e t he wa wl though it al hirnfelfc, this fort cond conditi ition oned ed FirH) FirH) ee it is eaiilic by hauc 110 great dcfcc\:ll1d hauc that narurall wa n, w h ellery Secondly) hc n t himfclfe learning that is 111Odc:ratc,an continuall, no f i l C h vnrcafonablc with filch labour a n c xc xc rc rc i p a 1 cs cs a s m a n d o weary tliernlclucs with: Thirdly, if he be patient fo c0111monly this brings wh w e will O ; of th SC ~fu h e e fo fo r



Neceffarie

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fight, bu thou play

Iome (ball t ho ho uf uf an an d times) till thou YOl rf faid Song, tillyon will wh it w i wh wr hand No difficultie th fo mp ha h, whi mo t h f in in g er er s fhould rather be atrribu, tllis va wh wh an d rher depend VpOll r h m i n d c then 011 t h h an An mo me vf mf Leflons, thatafierwa ma wo wa on fc fc qu qu en en t g iu iu in in g ouer fcarclcafl fuch difficulties b ou o u l c au au f them.and c on :bu Le we H "w "w h intrihere here on ma m) 111a11ot necde to la h i n ge nd this would vf ge r croffe th ncckc little brought Le wo vntill vr An haue iuers h au au e k no no w n by e xp xp er er ie ie nc nc e h a this hath mo ma Wh in k i Ld ma ki~lg ?oth wh me they this pradif pradife, e, h e o r o r vfe of this wn c c au au f h a mother th gil111ingfirf.l:withthe lcfi hand, b cc we Me other vn ol M e d i concciucd, u n it to h cc cc dc dc , e f th left Wh gc or to. L v 'r in wh wi wi vp OW vp Lv b c g en en t mall cd an wa wo wi wh qu wh flopped, it felfe to wi mu mu me alwayes, c,

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Alfo if Gn in gs gs ! Diminution in m o r f irir in wo mp D im im i wi mo m, fiet o f h a e trtr e which mu Ho wi el o r w i t h e o rree - unger a i O l le le r t h w h o l f re re t.t. Th Th e Bnger m u : ?n ? n ~~~~ !: ;!J ; !J t c D im im i wh if y o £ t k e m o o r f r e e _ ma pl ur h e x am am p whi allchcflrings.This R u w i

example example wherei wherei th three three Jirjf Jirjf flrin flrings gs where

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here here rnar rnar etha etha t h f in mull b~Ia b~Iaid id .cro(fe in ge ge r mull ofrcn, nay, vcry oftentimes, the fwife(though Y O L I n d Le that Frct,)that th other o pp pp ed ed , w h i a nn nn o a n c er er ta ta in in e Rule b u o ne ne l vf the fame [ort,by b e d e h e a m g r e s h e L e t e r d i e r not,y~t ot op wai [I:lb[equent quent fiops,whlCh th~ng ~hOll m u ll former. or [I:lb[e reafon ll : d .iIiI gently marke.For th letter f:.unc h in in k h e IS no Idfe c on on t o ue ue r a bo bo u It: to forne wo goes with them, w i Fret: w h e n Letter bu very elewa fidl: e co co n ng vnldfc it h ap ap pe pe n h a it w i fame grifteJfor then fnec fnecef efli liti ti rnuf rnuf th tw be Ilop Iloppe pe with the you muG:la your your finger .and with them other l~ttcrs then fingers.Butll h e a i tw cro{fe the fret,thongh not a lw lw a ye ye s y e m o end, Ifthole letters be:vnder which otherw i r e f ho ho u l a c co co rd rd in in g to lo pp pp e w i fecond n g e r v n lel e ! T e it chance that Rule b e f lo a f t e r th gritfcwhcrdll it is p la la ye y e d a no no th th e o l~ l~ ow o w ~ i llll 1 ~ ed e d ia ia td td y f om om e o th th e r in in g Becaufe to th en th firfi,na.mely, th Letter w h ic ic h e t 1ll o m B a I111y th b e e r b e wi firfi f in in ge ge r A n d this { ba ba l l if if f c c f o [ h L e t te te r c: fet downe mo mo vf Cl ,ye Rules you m e e xa xa mp m p le le s bf ur ne Tc of he h in in g ue de ue m ig ig h hinder thee.

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th e r b e titi de de s w h many o th

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or the Letter [a mu f lo lo pp pp e w i t the t h r d a n o u t h 6IJgers:thereau fore the R u le le w i l h o l in o p n io io n w h e h e w o Ds being in o n other Letwi Le wi Idle firings be flopped with the fOllrth n ge grea firi firing ngs, s,wi with th th thir thir ge r a n h e on th grea m a fo mo ec on on d happily three Ds m e re t h f ec third an fourth fingers ,o l~ your finger. e to to i h e Fret, as thole n o p . ' ) w h i go be an example. o r o l o w w i l l bearein of this Rule e t ~4'

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N e ce c e iT i T a r i O b f er er u a t o n s .Th me Y01 11 ke emo lower' Frets, andy very -often) weevfeto la h e f in in ge ge r croffo e F Therefo Therefore re will n o f ppee a~ part ve'O Holdi Holding ng a~ e o tt}} llQ Q l d n g h e 6 11 11 ge ge rrss v p on on ::aa ' h iinn & ,w ,w h i ! h h i part ry nothing IS more fwcctc, wh U10 of cannot be if h e n g mb wh b e o d n e taken from Hsrmonie) oy c p e h e o da da : n e1 e1 y when I ~c ~c H o p p n g h er er eeoo f ended. ..the firings: fo h a v oy mo vn me vp wn 'to llmch1 llmch1l1o l1orio rio .care to mc wl 'i w i .and Be wn fhallfo-eatily vp ke YOl rLv at Y O L l r p llcc a . lrlr e h a h o Y ' f! f! . Y ' wi rroublefomero w a lk lk c T h e fo fo r k e p e yonr n g wha n g o e c t ? ' y ou ou t k e c fp fp cc cc ia ia l w h e YOll Ba c) whi Ho Ho mo the: {hike me wh mm An Y0l Ba id d N o e s certainc m id be xp cd bu Y O l 1 1 1 n o fo w a wa fo it w e r moil part w h i ps he Tr bl No Ba Gc Ru mu wi .rake w h H l YOll D im im i wi wi mu vf vf wh mc be ilight ilightly ly Q')Okcll, hereofone hereofonecanno cannotdc tdcli lill llcrf crfil ilch ch ma plaine -of wh we 1wi ln wn Fo thevfe thevfe of wa 'I Ii!~ Ii!~ th right right hand. hand. w e wi O~ elpecially if

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w o firfl ma vf w e l o b e ru ru ed ed .k .k no no w h a Dimi- Of playing ve wel ~! ee h e T h? h? l1 l1 lb lb c a nd nd , h e o rree -f -f in in ge ge r ~ f h e b e placed. wi~h.r0me ~~~I[;~C[WO 11 p lla mi a c o ffrr h T ho h o m bc bc ..w w h ic ic h T h O l 1 1 b wht oc H r ik ik in in g a t leal] th Bafes, ce :d :d ,a ,a n h a vnmanly oc up up iiee d hands w i l b e g rraa ce wh el auoide) auoide) 1 1 1 1 1 1 wi D im im i fe Ba cs w h ftopped, will no counlell yo wo ge r n e h e w i l w i n ) to v f he ho be an h e f oorr ee-- f n ge yo to v ee ee t h w o runne) into h e f oouu r h J f f t o r to in g w i t h D i m in in ut ut io io n m e p ar ar ts ts . Betides ou [hall know that lo lett letters ers good good N()t N()t.; .; Iixt f irir in fet alf w i t f oom Th nu on





Neceflarie

bleruations

wi mu Mc paines m a k i in th other (orlllcr rules, rules, cfpecial cfpecial if L v E, handling dare th ou ou t d ec ec e h a n o h in in g is more to fecond this buundTc promiie yo faithfully and w i th YOLI mull nor [hen patie patience nce in th begin beginni ning: ng: fo .nothing can, ~ g O: rh nk ha play play your your Icflous prcfcntly at fiHt g h ) f mpofsi mpofsibl blc. c. Whcrfo Whcrfore re take ke Gr No ha mi w ix ix t andy ho wly wi whi whc will o r n o y d will ge well yo c xp xp re re f n g o f Note Notes, s, ,'nl ,'nl feyo feyo do wi Ne wh Mu ,:fc your ielfc c1~lnc deliuery eucry m a kc b e o r a l th [wlftnc{fc an v n be This J 1 1 G l r c I w i l l t el el l y ou ou , Y O L I m u f ] carefiill w h e beginllc to Icarne body m e Iledely, Some there b e h a binde wi vp L v 'I n, ma m c to moue nothing girdle whilLl:they t hey iOYllts!lwhich Y01ll11uH V[C [0 n in in g ma nc Iike Iike Ior 111Ufl: yo mo ic the Thombe an h e o r n g YOLI Ibould coul be expr expref efle le m e rules fo th Iwcct relifhes an I ha ha kc kc s they coul bu feeing they cannot by [peach wr 't ar exprefed ho wert bell to imitate [orne cunning play player er.o .o ge them thine thine owne prac}i prac}ife_, fe_,onc: onc:.. .. Iy t ak ak e h ee ee d eafi ma ma eafi In fomme, if YOll Cl ng m e m e call them, which w e be vied, yet fe them no in your your runn runn ng bu w h e n yo iudgethem decent, Ar wh time: by T ak ak e h i fo wel this time: me thee with th:lt g re o w e d o ug ug h to vf re a g ra ra ce ce fu fu ln ln c{ c{ f w h ic ic h is fi fo learned f e , n d w i t a k n d of m a e f ki fh a en to v fe yea,fo h a h o haue be n o a fh thy me qu it of perfection, prophanenot the Goddelfe,with making th Ielfe cheape fo fleight ga.ine. 't!.'l fe d o w n c no rules fo tranfpofing ou of Muficke to Sc of e xc xc e ia n t became th moil: eleg elegan an ie of E m a n u e A d r ia Muf ma th od od e o f Bookes.Thercfore this o n : M e th in Iiic Iiicli li f oorr t-t- a a n ingenious m a n . );); tn Cl Lv h ow ow f o mp tn d o n h a profdfeth Ar vn it wi [0 wi me hereafter workc of 'it w i mi w n e m o Ierious, arewetl.

FI







OTHER

NECESSARY

Obfe Obferu ruat atio ions ns belo belong ngin in to the LAND,

'T E ; 1 J

B a c h c r o f Muficke,

or Ch,ifing of LlIte-jlriflgs.

nf im im C l : o r t ea ea c E_ ee take in hand ro i nf ee we wh w e r not Fret, S r P J S t & c e o rneanerh: eacher to a n V p O l e l [ma po nt an ma ma rt ofLuce-playing, bu O l Iornc things :l apparant ofrhemfelues.or to c.uic to N a u re re , S cn cn fe fe , Reafcn.or and h e o r w e will oncly entreat and gillC whi mo wh no LMt:-Jlrir;gs rhe lcafl, lcafl, O r w e choofe Lllte-jlrir{gs Jo ma wh V! vs un d le le ; oylincfle.as Boxe o r b un we Oy ak e gs ke time w i l m ak wh comrnonly v f re b e s a re re : t h p r n c p a n g w e e necdc g ec ec ;> ;> c ho ho of of e th th e o f fain: bccauic T re an clccrc w h i hJa ke k no no t YOl ha ut be: to Iinall, fo thofe gille 110 found, befides wi lacke of fhbHanc Hancc, c, or cxtrcarnc [rllie. Al{o boures one ends Kncr.nndthcn hold it v p yo arid bu it to be curl wh m a as well [cdc curlie ie a s h e thread ypri ypris. s. horf horf m) we w i neuer be true wel twille twilled, d, Inflrument, trying the: Hr me middle finger Il on top Kn wh finde {liife,they honld as good; bur: it: bend w e fay, g h d a k i w e ak ak c he n o { h g . S om om e ncd ke we k e it, and there thereby by ifit r ea ea k e f af af el el d it is WCQ](C. it IS {hong) is we T h beitway ,i to p lu lu ck ck e o u a n wi Y O L l ifhc w i l l not aif: aif:.l .lre re your [elfe thing







Neceffarie n ic ic ke ke s o f h e Nut, Jf YOll defirc to

wh

bferuations wi

ma

Oyle, W a

m i YOu; bu wl wn wh fo o rd fit to trouble YOll w i t h e e la rd in in a n d fo w e wn la t o n vi ch ar ar e c o o ur ur ed ed .o .o ut ut of of w h ic ic h c ho ho o e th th e i gh gh te te ilil : c o o ur ur s Somcflnngs there arc w h l ch mo Gr wa Ca Bl Y\ Red VI{l.,.~~eat a~~dSmall: fu eith Nowt Nowthe hefe fe Ilri Ilring ng either er fort IS pad wo finaller ~rmgs( I' h ic fimdry fimdry kindes kindes,t ,towit, owit,the theone[o one[o~tof ~tof ic h o m om ~nc;lother Italy) by c e a m D o ze z e n In ve 00 w) vp me wh me Germany: ll'Jonn81:m and Mtldorpt,are an Li wi m o Iirllcr andfinall Meanes, d in in a w h i w e call Ganflrs.) Thefe gs h e Iizes ve 0t Yc Liltornia il Tufcani Tufcani thefe :fir :firin ings" gs" whic ng ar ol vp ou ge they if we w, forne me ma burhalfe K n Knots, wh vp, Nurmb.ur~e)and allo'at Straeshurgt)and'bound v p kn w. Jt ke Bologna ma L um um b ,an~ thcr:wh f/t1)ice: or om 1: on Y' e dP dP e1 e1 l Ca es Th be m e o r h e M a r h an an t IS to prouidc Iu ch ae ae lm lm a s o r h e wcrernade g s a t M i ch ma wh Ealler F ra r a nc n c k o rd rd ,a ,a n L yp y p ~ Mattes, C o Wi wh

~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Offitting - - - - - - -th- - r{ghtjiz, - - - - - tS- - of- - S- t- -n g- - -v p- - - -h-e -Litle. --------------r{ghtjiz,tS FO df

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vp Lu contideracion h e g re re a ze ;lpfinaller Ilrings, Lu







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tc,

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L~I:otlg~l !t ~nay be th?llght w e DeCOrtl711J_ dJicou dJicouri ri 15 f :i:i riri 1o 1o H r ct ct t1 t1 l1 l1 g h e L u wh mo mm Ma that w e ar [0 h:ttby m ak ak e th c af af ic ic r n d uc uc t o n ~ o u n n g w l ; c h part >a mo ~l we and. TU111l1g thel~e IS .5 trJ~phonte by Anttpho~~e ti1:lt is to J,ay, through t!lC w i v p an

th

after Iort of meeting t1l2ctLcr, plc.uerh mc wh Ea Vvh ':lo. that jc ro ro !~ !~ ~p ~p s k e Al1drCitf Ornitbopsrci«, faithin ap 3hi M jc S ilil la la bl bl e e llll e ey Lu by which founds cxprelled) an Ilrokc.whofc dillin6tion Ihcwed by Stliings called of a un un c e n M u f o n PthoIJa(}s) le Ncrttl; Ncrttl; cillri cillri;tn ;tntl,s tl,s lib, Dedocbn, ow thefe frets of lace yccr~s were bu [cal [calle le in numocr) as witn Co r { ( le Lutc-rnukcr of Nftrmbttrgt', ( Co witncl clie ieth th h e I l l cr cr h hirnfelfc il f~ct (accor'Dl/Jletftre,printed 'i 3 3 ' ding to th Monochord rc lc lc nt nt l Dispent«, Y e t p rc after there \V;JS wa Hans wa ca remember vied Gerlcs [0 cmitonium cu Dispente. i s a lw lw a v e s d ef ef ir ir ou ou s to inuent ut yeLlS Pl.uits« faith, Nature Nature rhir rhirll llin insa[ sa[te terkn rknowlec owleclg lge, e, mo he wit be difalowconccit(which cd) tunotls countriman Mr.lv.ftlthJ..rs .M/lm, L u Groomes of hi Maictlics it mc et mo e) wo VpOl1 wh we ma ),cc:rcs aftcr, th French N a lcngrhnc hncd, d, nc ke otrh otrh Lute Lute wcrc lcngr wo Lu mo and as \N make le wh we o f c nl nl 1 c ts ts . Now to a c h e frets thefe various founds them cauf w a yes: the caufed ed ther ther the wh skilfiill do man v[e, we compofed b r i l : : l g foorth their fanlotls ~ L l Mu voyce IS co 111

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rhernfelucs, Ditlpa[on, ? d t h u n to be as ifq'li... .tertiato DtlltejJarol1. A n wh me Diapmte it w a du was dq ha wi whi n co co r N o l'hQ(c two, to w h wa sefql#ittrtiIH an s~{qui"Jttr, were keepe. Sifquioctaua nd wi wi m( was.reiected. W h lift m m whi wa or or partly me Mu we Diat~/Jaron, w h PiIeafl wa Co Wh thICgoras w as as t wh ..f oouu nd nd s w a s l oy oy n ed ed to to g e h e r An ma wh mo mp m12.9.8. mCIS wa wh mp mb vn wr mm wh wa id l 1 : d I < e Dilllttfi", o r e ig ig h COIl9. p ou 2. mm wa ou n w a ig ig h a n 8. 6. u n StJquitfr#A fartbC!r the m m di we Co DiateJfaron: h e h e 9 .p .p o n d ifiJlliattmt prohammerto ra, mi Diapenff,in th Ag mm aSifrJlJioctltlia proportion. Wh ur ke ne he nd hi ma ol ya whe wh wa we

to

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to_L_~1te~pIaying.

fi't~itp;-;c

T on on e o m .d .d . Fifdy H b n~ n~ c ~ m to 4. n t w o p a he h~ h ew ew e t y o h e firO: fret) fO~lIld~ng DJAt~ll.-rotJ: In kc V pO p O I it rhcletrer F.Ttle fixe f re re t w h i c IS G. m u ]in mi w ix i x t F. H. whi ke Sc uc uc nt nt hl hl y ) di d i ui ui d t h difl:ance o m h e e t e r .t A.in three tmidiapmte . Sc whi B .v .v pw pw a r me wi ~emidit(J~e:mark t ha ha t , al al fo fo \ ~ itit h prick,& e t h e e o [ h he ou e t u l In m i wh wi letter D . c n perfect dit()m~then take Br ,rnaketh 1.\\1 h ic ic h f oouu n dc dc t Semit()f1irem cum Di,1pentc,then take h i p a from t h B r d g to c.rll1d that h i p a makerh s.which foundcrh T0f1t!4 cu dj,tpmte,or an Hexacbordo 17Mior.Then take Cine third ge , n d h a h i part from D,ro h e B r d ge a r from D.l1llkcth L.which Ioundcth Ditonsa cu Diapent«, L v 'r an la ir vpon vp an fe th Ruter wi we cc k o f marks vpon th n cc tho:mler. r.bec becauf auf thof thof rh Inlirumcnt ellen with thofe on tho:mle wh et mu nd yo th perfect p!acing your e t w h ic ic h a k way ha up w h i m a ar d cc cc c u c w h e th frets ar £dfc.Nore here alfo,wcc knowi!lg their place~) Iize [hem righrIy,for trY.the frCtS',2S ee tri,e th whe he e y be old, £tIle) which an kinde ofHrmg w i mc oncly take h ee ee d h a Y O L l ic no g re re a c cw cw h c { m a ne 1 1 1 0 u J d be,& f o b y c on on r J ry ry : JJ,tg.rde: h e e fo me fo r d o h i le th tw firfl: e t n ce ce rc rc l h e head of th Infhumcnr (being rhc grcatefl:)be fize 6f fizc y ou ou r g rc rc a M c mu lin ll :lI1 :lI1 ze iz c d i t T re re b le le s There rules m e [eft I iz fo Viols, re t a r tyed. whereon f re

'

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h e w i nd nd in in g E in in g h e is [llc Symphonic Anriphonie, which procccdcth h r u g O:rings,:l.s a bo v p a n e t n g down bo u a id id ,a ,a n h e e i a f m e d by 1'LllttlYch,to win. SIC 1\ E. b e o n k in in d o fw fw i lc lc do do mc m c , which who mc vnt thcm thcmfc fclu lucs cs th M_ aiHer,(by aiHer,(by infirt infirt.l .lCl:i Cl:ill llgof gof others) others) me ou









ecellarie JD

wneex an.vnifon, w h i

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ellery the p a e s S ec e c on on dl d l y l e him u n h i Bares an one Bafe, b y f io Vn io P p i 1 g ~as Ilope in th h e e on on , a n wh Bare: this rule muf] be.followed betweene th Bafe n d h e T en en o vntill then h e rn;fon w i Ba letter b u f up up p of of e y o hauetuned y ou ou r T en e n o o o hj~h, h e y o Iball n d ome ci ho F, G, H, & c W h F. T h f am wn am e our.onel excee_ting excee_tingbetween th C o n a te o u m u b e k ep ep t h ro ro ug ug h our.onel te no no r a n h e g a c a Meane, w h Meane ay me mu vi Co v f the in th p n ! f o n w i 'I'll being u u e d y o h a heare h e n t u a o r p ac ac e h e b l v nd n d em em e h , an ver quick tune ,the quick leame o pp pp in in g a n a l p la la c according cuftome.

















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th Compared

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Robert Dowland - A Varietie of Lute Lessons

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