VII. Pathophysiology of PUD Etiology >Helicobacter >Helicobacter Pylori
Predisposing Factors >Gender: Male > Age: 50-70 y/o >H. pylori infection >Low socioeconomic status >unclean food and water >unsanitary living condition >stress >smoking >ulcerogenic substances >NSAIDs >Aspirin >excessive alcoholism >excessive caffeine intake >Type “O” blood > Genetic predisposition >Gastric Acid Secretion
colonization of mucus-secreting mucus-secreting cells
disruption in the mucosal lining
Imbalances between the protective mechanisms and the acid-pepsin proteolytic enzymes Disruption of mucosal wall intergrity Formation of Lesions/ ulceration Erosion of the mucosal lining
HCL Irritation of Exposed nerve endings Dull pain (epigastric pain)
loss of function of secretory cells
Bleeding (UGIB)
changes in structure
Gastric Acid secretion
hematemesis
Perforation spilling of gastric contents
melena Inflammation
source of Intrinsic factor
contamination of peritoneal cavity
anemia
Obstruction Absorption of B12
weakness easy fatigability
Pernicious anemia
peritonitis sepsis Septic shock
Regurgitation of food
gastric emptying Hemorrhage
Gastric acid in the esophagus
peristalsis
constipation Heartburn/ nausea and vomiting
Hypovolemic shock feeling of Bloatedness anorexia weight loss
