Country: Russian Federation Committee: United Nations Environment Program Agenda 1: Developing Effective and Efficient Framework for Industrial and Power Plant waste management.
UN-Habitat UN-Habitat report on waste management in cities stated that “waste reduction is desirable but, typically, it is not monitored anywhere.” Industrial pollution and power plant waste pose potential threats to human and ecological health if not properly managed. These concerns do not stop at the boundaries, because some pollutants can travel long distances across political boundaries. In Russian Federation 60 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) is created every year. Russian Federation also admits that it is one of the top carbon dioxide emitters among the other top nations. Apparently, this is a growing problem not only faced by the nation of Russian Federation but countless other industrial nations. Thus, Russian Federation believes that United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) should consider ways to tackle the problem. On 16 April 2013 UNEP and Russian Federation has signed agreements to cooperation on: developing a „green economy‟, managing water resources, regulating the use of chemicals, utilizing the processing of waste, increasing public awareness on environmental protection . Russian Federation had also participated in the first phase of the Kyoto Protocol. Russia recently adopted a modern waste management policy approach. This includes the Federal Law on Production and Consumption of Waste and the development of basic regulations, among which are those necessary to meet international obligations under the Basel Convention. The implementation of a national industrial waste management data system is progressing well. Deta iled regulatory measures to control waste generation and management are being developed on regional and inter -regional levels. Local and regional initiatives directed at waste reduction and resource recovery are being carried out on a modest scale. In Russia there are ar e 243 recycling facilities, 53 sorting facilities, 40 waste incineration plants, and yet this number is not sufficient for the processing of all incoming waste. This is used as an argument in the creation of the state fund, introduction of a ta x on packaging and financing the formation of waste recycling industry. The Ministry is hopeful that in seven years its
recycling will reach 80 percent mark. However, €33.5 – 40 Billion investments are required by 2025 to improve the situation, which will also generate €2 billion revenues annually on sale of recovered material and energy. In Russian Federation there has been a shift from Public to Private. Waste management of Russia has historically been state-dominated. Today approximately 40 percent of the market is driven by private companies, operating mainly with MSW and in collecti on, transportation and disposal into landfills. Year 2013 is declared the Year of Environmental Protection in Russia• New Environmental legislation is in preparation. Seven separate laws are in process. • Law on Municipal and industrial waste passed the first Duma processing. However, an alternative suggestion has been made. • Incentives for recycling are in process. • Federal financing for e.g. complex waste management solutions, also municipal financing required • Region level environmental strategies and programs are to be formulated • Promotion of PPP-companies (public-private) e.g. in waste management • The final event of 2013 will be a gat hering of environmentalists and ecologists who will evaluate the progress made over the year and set out plans for the future
Bangladesh, as an industrial developing country faces similar problems as Russian Federation in terms of waste management. With the rapidly increasing population growth, there is an increasing problem of waste management particularly in the larger cities. Since the country lacks finance it can start with introduction of a tax on packaging to reduce pollution. Contracting the private sector to manage much of its waste recycling.
