Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Facultad de Lenguas y Letras Licenciatura en Lenguas Modernas – Inglés
Phonetics and Phonology General information:
Teacher: E-mail: Semester: Duration: Dates:
Dr. Eduardo Patricio Velázquez Patiño
[email protected] 2nd, LLM-I, 2017-1 January to June, 2017 Tuesday and Thursday 16:00-18:00
Objectives:
Students: will learn the fundamental concepts about phonetics and phonology and they will learn how to apply them to their own future research questions. will describe the phonetic system of English and other languages from articulatory, acoustic and auditory points of view. will use the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as a tool for their transcripts. will learn how to use the basic functions of computer tools for phonetic analysis. will continuously consider the relationships between the contents of the whole course. will integrate phonetic and phonological issues to the study of the rest of language levels. •
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Contents:
The present course is divided in three areas: phonetics, phonology, and their applications. Each area will be developed in a theoretical as well as a practical way. Phonetics will be studied from three points of view: articulation, acoustic transmission, and audition-perception, corresponding to the three phonetic study fields. Special attention will be drawn to segmental transcription using the International Phonetic Alphabet and the use of analysis software in order to study and visualize speech. As for phonology, we will discover and study the phonemes of English and other languages, their distinctive features, the rules they follow, and their influence on syllables and, therefore, on prosodic structure. The last part will be devoted to an exploration of the different pronunciations of English around the World and the phonological systems of other languages. Throughout this course, knowledge will be applied to language acquisition, language learning, social aspects of phonetic variation, and technological applications, among others. Course evaluation:
The final grade will be determined by two exams, one essay, which will be presented in front of the class, active participation during the development of every class, and homework, which is mandatory and must be handed in on time. First term (phonetics): 30% Second term (phonology): 30% Essay: 10% Presentation: 10% Participation and homework: 20% 1
Course program: 0. 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Introduction Presentation and Sensitization Complexity of Language Levels Difference between Phonetics and Phonology Relationships to Other Study Fields
1. 1.1 1.1.1 1.2 1.2.1 a. b. c. 1.2.2 a. b. c. d. e. 1.2.3 a. b. c. d. 1.3 1.3.1 a. b. 1.3.2 a. b. c. d. 1.3.3 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2 a. b. c. 1.5 1.5.1 1.6 1.7
Phonetics: The Sounds of Language Sound Segments Identity of Speech Sounds Articulatory Phonetics Consonants Places of Articulation Manner of Articulation Phonetic Symbols for American English Consonants Vowels Lip Rounding Diphthongs Nasalization of Vowels Tense and Lax Vowels Different (Tongue) Strokes for Different Folks Major Phonetic Classes Non-Continuants and Continuants Obstruents and Sonorants Consonantal Syllabic Sounds Acoustic Phonetics Nature and Dispersion of Sound Pure Tones Complex Tones Computerized Phonetic Analysis Using Praat Fundamental Frequency and Formant Frequencies Intensity Duration Spectrogram Acoustic Analysis of Vowels, Consonants and Phonation Types Auditory Phonetics Auditive System Speech Perception Acoustic Cues Perception Units: Syllables Word Identification Prosodic Features Tone and Intonation Phonetic Symbols and Spelling Correspondences The “Phonetics” of Signed Languages
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2. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.4 2.3.5 2.3.6 2.4 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.5 2.4.6 2.4.7 2.4.8 2.5 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 2.6 2.6.1 2.7 2.8
Phonology: The Sound Patterns of Language The Pronunciation of Morphemes The Pronunciation of Plurals Additional Examples of Allomorphs Phonemes: The Phonological Units of Language Vowel Nasalization in English as an Illustration of Allophones Allophones of /t/ Minimal Pairs in ASL Complementary Distribution Distinctive Features of Phonemes Feature Values Non-distinctive Features Phonemic Patterns May Vary Across Languages Natural Classes of Speech Sounds Feature Specifications for American English Consonants and Vowels The Rules of Phonology Assimilation Rules Dissimilation Rules Feature-Changing Rules Segment Insertion and Deletion Rules Movement (Metathesis) Rules From One to Many and from Many to One The Function of Phonological Rules Slips of the Tongue: Evidence for Phonological Rules Prosodic Phonology Syllable Structure Word Stress Sentence and Phrase Stress Intonation Sequential Constraints of Phonemes Lexical Gaps Why Do Phonological Rules Exist? Phonological Analysis: Discovering Phonemes
3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8
Application Accent Variation – General American Accents of the British Isles 1: England Accents of the British Isles 2: Celtic-Influenced Varieties World Accent Varieties of English Variation in Spanish Pronunciation Pronunciation Change: Past, Present, Future Teaching and Learning a Foreign Language Universal Patterns and Strategies in Child Phonology
Websites: International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) http://www2.arts.gla.ac.uk/IPA/IPA_chart_(C)2005.pdf IPA Help Preview http://www.sil.org/computing/speechtools/ipahelp/IPAprvw2.htm
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Software for acoustic phonetics: PRAAT http://www.praat.org/ El análisis acústico del habla, Joaquim Llisterri, (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/phonetics/fon_anal_acus/Analisis_Acustico.html Fonética y Fonología de la Lengua Española, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia http://www.uned.es/451059/451059d.htm Curso básico de fonética general, Summer Institute of Linguistics International http://www.sil.org/training/capacitar/FONETICA/cursos/CursoBasicoFonetica.stm Curso básico de fonología, Summer Institute of Linguistics International http://www.sil.org/training/capacitar/Fonologia/cursos/cursobasicofonol.htm An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology, Robert Mannell, Felicity Cox and Jonathan Harrington (Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, 2009) http://clas.mq.edu.au/phonetics/index.html
Basic readings: Clark, John & Yallop, Colin (1995). An introduction to phonetics and phonology. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell. [PDF] Collins, Beverley & Mees, Inger M (2003). Practical Phonetics and Phonology. A Resource Book for Students. London: Routledge. Crystal, David (1997): The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP. [PDF] Davenport, Mike & Hannahs, Stephen J. (1998). Introducing phonetics and phonology. London: Arnold. Davis, John F (1998). Phonetics and phonology. Stuttgart, Leipzig, Düsseldorf: Klett. D’Introno, Francesco; del Teso, Enrique & Weston, R. (1995). Fonética y fonología actual del español. Madrid: Cátedra. Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert & Hyams, Nina (2007). An Introduction to Language. 8th ed. Boston: Thomson Wadsworth. [PDF] García Lecumberri, Ma. Luisa & Maidment, John A. (2000). English Transcription Course. London, New York: Routledge. [PDF] Gil Fernández, Juana (ed.) (2000). Panorama de la fonología española actual . Madrid: Arco. Hualde, José Ignacio (2005). The Sounds of Spanish. Cambridge: CUP. Iribarren, Mary C. (2005). Fonética y fonología españolas. Madrid: Síntesis. nd Johnson, Keith (2003). Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics. 2 ed. Oxford: Blackwell. Johnson, Wyn & Reimers, Paula (2010). Patterns in child phonology. Edinburgh: EUP. Kelly, Gerald (2000). How to Teach Pronunciation. Edinburh: Longman/Pearson. [PDF] nd Kreidler, Charles W. (2004). The pronunciation of English. A Course Book . 2 ed. Oxford: Blackwell. [PDF] Ladefoged, Peter (2003). Phonetic data analysis: an introduction to fieldwork and instrumental techniques. Oxford: Blackwell. nd Ladefoged, Peter (2005). Vowels and Consonants. 2 ed. Oxford et al.: Blackwell. Ladefoged, Peter & Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World’s Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. Lodge, Ken (2009). A Critical Introduction to Phonetics. London, New York: Continuum. [PDF] Martínez Celdrán, Eugenio (2007). Análisis espectrográfico de los sonidos del habla. 2nd ed. Barcelona: Ariel Lingüística. Martínez Celdrán, Eugenio & Fernández Planas, Ana M. (2007). Manual de fonética española. Articulaciones y sonidos del español. Barcelona: Ariel Lingüística. McCully, Christopher (2009). The Sound Structure of English. An Introduction. Cambridge: CUP. [PDF] McMahon, April (2002). An Introduction to English Phonology. Edinburgh: EUP. [PDF] Ogden, Richard (2009). An Introduction to Englich Phonetics. Edinburgh: EUP. [PDF] Reetz, Henning & Jongman, Allard (2009). Phonetics. Transcription, Production, Acoustics, and Perception. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. [PDF] Rogers, Henry (2000). The sounds of language: an introduction to phonetics. Marlow: Longman. Smith, Jeremy J. (2007). Sound Change and the History of English. Oxford: OUP. [PDF]
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