Phl251r6 W3 Syllogisms and Logic Worksheet

Syllogisms and Logic Worksheet W orksheet PHL/251 Version 6

University of Phoenix Material  Syllogisms and Logic PART I: SYLLOGISMS To be a valid syllogism, the conclusion must be proven by the reasons. Carefully study the following syllogisms and decide if they a re valid or invalid  !ll "ebras are striped animals. #o "ebras are polar bears. Therefore, no polar bears are striped animals.

 !ll clowns are funny individuals. individuals. Some sad people are clowns. Therefore, some sad people are funny individuals.

Some sticky substances are yucky things.  !ll taffy is a sticky substance. substance. Therefore, some taffy is a yucky thing.

 !ll items made made of gold are e$pensive e$pensive items. Some rings are items made of gold. Therefore, some rings are e$pensive items.

 !ll flies are are winged creatures.  !ll butterflies butterflies are winged creatures. creatures. Therefore, all butterflies are flies.

The following are e$amples of syllogistic arguments that are missing the conclusions. Study the two reasons carefully and complete the syllogism with the conclusion that logically follows. .1 !ll frag fragile ile thin things gs are are breaka breakable ble thin things. gs. Some glasses are fragile things. Therefore

 !ll mammals are warm%blooded animals.  !ll whales are mammals. Therefore

 !ll books are things things with pages. Some books are mysteries. Therefore

 !ll flowers flowers are pretty ob&ects. ob&ects.

1

Syllogisms and Logic Worksheet PHL/251 Version 6  !ll pansies are flowers. Therefore

#o animals are plants.  !ll sheep are animals. Therefore eprinted with permission of the authors /li"abeth T. Tice, -h0 and ay 2allagher, -h0.

PART II: LOGIC & EMOTION QESTIONS: There are two ways to make an argument through inductive and deductive reasoning. !nswer the 3uestions below. !e"#$%ie Ar'#(en% 1. What makes an argument deductive4 (. Why do people use deduction4 +. Create a deductive argument. Label its parts In"#$%ie Ar'#(en%s 1. What makes an argument inductive4 (. Why do people use induction4 +. Create an inductive argument. Label its parts. E(o%ion 1. What role does emotion play in the critical thinking process4 (. What is the difference between persuasion and manipulation4

P)r% III: *ALLACIES 5allacies, or fallacious reasoning, are an attempt to convince others of our point of view. 6dentify the fallacies used in the e$amples below. 1. 7f course she8s rich9 ust look at that diamond ring she is wearing. (. The nited States is a wealthy country: therefore, Sam ones must be wealthy. +. /very attempt to prove that people are immortal has failed. #o evidence can be found that shows that people8s souls e$ist after death: hence, immortality must be false. ;. 6f ennifer !niston drinks a Starbucks latte, it must be good. *. 6f you are going to work on the weekends to finish one pro&ect, then you may as well start working every weekend. <. 6 love visiting Wyoming because 6 en&oy traveling in the West.

(