Paper model “Pepakura” redirects redirects here. For the New Zealand Zealand urban area, see Papakura see Papakura.. Paper models, also called card models , “pepakura” or
them. Some also use photo paper and laminate them by heat, thus preventing the printed side from from color wearingout, beyond improved realistic effect on certain kinds of models (ships, (ships, cars, buses, trains, etc). Paper crafts crafts can be used as references to do props with other materials too.
2
Hisstor Hi tory
Paper model of Mount Mount Vernon
are models constructed constructed mainly from sheets papercraft , are models of heavy paper heavy paper,, paperboard, paperboard, card stock, stock, or foam.
1
Deta etails
This may be considered a broad category that contains origami and card modeli modeling. ng. Origami Origami is the process process of making a paper model by folding a single paper without using glue or cutting while the variation kirigami does. kirigami does. Card modeling is making scale models from sheets of cardstock on which the parts were printed, usually in full color. These pieces would be cut out, folded, scored and glued glued together. together. Pepakur Pepakuraa is the art of combini combining ng these model types to build complex creations such as wearable suits of armor, life size characters, and accurate weapon models.
Example of a cat papercraft
Sometimes the model pieces pieces can be punched out. More frequently frequently the printed parts must be cut out. Edges may be scored to aid folding. folding. The parts are usually glued glued together with polyvinyl with polyvinyl acetate glue (“white glue (“white glue” “PVA”). In this kind of modeling the sections are usually prepainted, so there is no need to paint the model after completion pletion.. Some enthusi enthusiasts asts may enhance enhance the model by painting painting and detailin detailing. g. Due to the nature of the paper medium, the model may be sealed with varnish or filled with Spra Spray y foam to last last long longer er . Some Some enthu enthusi sias asts ts also also use paper crafts or perdurable to do life-sized props starting by making the craft, covering it with resin and painting
Printed card became common in magazines in magazines in in the early part part of the 20th 20th centu century. ry. The The popula populari rity ty of card card model modeling ing boomed during during World War II, II, when paper was one of the few items whose use and production was not heavily regulated. Micromodels, designed and published in England from Micromodels, 1941 were very popular with 100 different models, including architecture, architecture, ships ships,, and aircr aircraf aft. t. But as as plastic model kits model kits became more commonly available, interest in paper decreased. decreased. 1
2
3
5
SEE ALSO
Availability
Since paper model patterns can be easily printed and assembled, the Internet has become a popular means of exchanging them. Commercial corporations have recently begun using downloadable paper models for their marketing (examples are Yamaha and Canon). The availability of numerous models on the Internet at little or no cost, which can then be downloaded and printed on inexpensive inkjet printers has caused its popularity again to increase worldwide. Home printing also allows models to be scaled up or down easily (for example, in order to make two models from different authors, in different scales, match each other in size), although the paper weight might need to be adjusted in the same ratio. Inexpensive kits are available from dedicated publishers (mostly based in Eastern Europe; examples include Halinski and Maly Modelarz, a portion of the catalog of which date back to 1950. Experienced hobbyists often scratchbuild models, either by first hand drawing or using software such as Adobe Illustrator. CAD and CG software, such as Rhino 3D, 3DS Max, Blender, and specialist software, like Pepakura Designer from Tama Software and Waybe or Dunreeb Cutout or Ultimate Papercraft 3D, may be employed to convert 3D computer models into two-dimensional printable templates for assembly.
Cut away model of a V12 engine made from sheets of paper.
4
Subjects
Because people can create their own patterns, paper models are limited only by their designers’ imaginations and ability to manipulate paper into forms. Vehicles of all forms, from cars and cargo trucks to space shuttles are a frequent subject of paper models, some using photo realistic textures from their real-life counterparts for extremely fine details. Architecture models can be very simple andcrudeforms to very detailed models with thousands of pieces to assemble. The most prevalent designs are from video games, due to their popularity and ease of producing paper models. On the Web, enthusiasts can find hundreds of models from different designers across a wide range of subjects. The models include very difficult and ambitious paper projects, such as life-sized and complex creations.
3.1
3-D models to paper models
Various models are used in tabletop gaming, primarily wargaming. Scale paper models allow for easy production of armies and buildings for use in gaming and that The use of 3-D models greatly assists in the construccan be scaled up or down readily or produced as detion of paper models, with video game models being the sired. Whether they be three-dimensional models or twomost prevalent source. The video game or source in quesdimensional icons, players are able to personalize and tion will have to be loaded into the computer. Various modify the models to bear unique unit designations and methods of extracting the model exist, including using a insignias for gaming. model viewer and exporting it into a workable file type, or capturing the model from the emulation directly. The methods of capturing the model is often unique to the See also subject and the tools available. Readability of file for- 5 mats including propriety ones could mean that a model viewer and exporter is unavailable outside of the devel• The Art of Scale Paper Modeling oper. Using other tools that capture rendered 3-d models and textures are often the only way to obtain them. In • Net this case, the designer may have to arrange the textures and the wire frame model on a 3D program, such as 3DS • Cardboard modeling MAX, Metasequoia, or Blender before exporting it to a papercraft creating program, such as Dunreeb Cutout or • Paper Aeroplane Pepakura Designer by Tama software. From there the model is typically refined to give a proper layout and con• Origamic architecture struction tabs that will affect the overall appearance and difficulty in constructing the model. • Paper prototyping
3
6
External links •
Paper Models at DMOZ
4
7
7
TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES
Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses
7.1 •
7.2 •
•
•
•
•
Text Paper model Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_model?oldid=669245351 Contributors: The Anome, Dave Farquhar, Skysmith, ZoeB, Glenn, David Shay, Robbot, Paul Richter, Sambostock, Discospinster, Anthony Appleyard, Wahiba, Sandstig, ScottDavis, Scottanon, BD2412, Joz3d, Brom, JanSuchy, Loggie, Tedder, Agamemnon2, Gwernol, UkPaolo, Wavelength, RussBot, Liesel, Stephenb, Dialectric, Irishguy, Bota47, GraemeL, Allens, Katieh5584, A bit iffy, SmackBot, Eskimbot, Statikeffeck, Gilliam, Oscarthecat, Thumperward, Kostmo, ZeroA4, Devvyn, DMacks, Paper33d, Pantoine, JHunterJ, AnotherBrian, Sweaterii, Zabdiel, Dosmit~enwiki, Hu12, Newone, Pi, CmdrObot, Burgerking216, Petertdavis, SyntaxError55, DBatesx, Sergey Chernyshev, Mbell, Aiko, Siawase, ErinHowarth, Vanjagenije, Indrek, MikeLynch, JAnDbot, VoABot II, Bgwwlm, DXRAW, Melvinakoinc, Ter308, NewEnglandYankee, Portableteejay, Norbi et Orbi~enwiki, Frankenpaper, Paper warrior, Nemesis7485, Badbri, Msparkswiki, Lumotek, Takahashitakumi, Cgutzmer, Pepik~enwiki, Rei-bot, Yop83, Alexfusco5, Blue Laser, Wadeswiki, Rigby paper models, Cienlung, -Midorihana-, Juliusperdana, Cygielski, Ouedbirdwatcher, Aitias, DumZiBoT, Wikibahamut, XLinkBot, Devilweep, Mavigogun, Ost316, LexWilson, RyanCross, Addbot, Zorrobot, Luckas-bot, Rubinbot, Piano non troppo, Xqbot, Fajrigraf, Jmundo, Anna Frodesiak, SassoBot, Grantmidnight, Paulocguerrero, RedBot, Tears in heaven, CountZer0, Julescrafter, Shenom, Quintin.cloud, Jianlunk, Hirsutism, Contrived, Scannerjoe, Ultima069, ClueBot NG, This lousy T-shirt, Rklie, Wernicke8914, ChrisGualtieri, Mogism, Pokajanje, Alaskanguy, PepakuraPros, KH-1, Modely F1 and Anonymous: 173
Images File:Commons-logo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg License: ? Contributors: ? Original artist: ? File:Example_of_a_3d_model_of_a_V12_engine_by_Quintin_Cloud.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ commons/6/65/Example_of_a_3d_model_of_a_V12_engine_by_Quintin_Cloud.jpg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Quintin.cloud File:Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg License: Cc-bysa-3.0 Contributors: ? Original artist: ? File:Mountvernon.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/dd/Mountvernon.jpg License: Cc-by-sa-3.0 Contributors: ? Original artist: ? File:Question_book-new.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/99/Question_book-new.svg License: Cc-by-sa-3.0 Contributors: Created from scratch in Adobe Illustrator. Based on Image:Question book.png created by User:Equazcion Original artist: Tkgd2007
•
7.3 •
File:ShortHairPepakura.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/ee/ShortHairPepakura.jpg License: PD Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
Content license Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
