1. Structures found within the cerebellum include: a. the amygdaloid body b. the dentate nucleus c. the emboliform nucleus d. the caudate nucleus e. the globose nucleus 2. The fibres that interconnect the two cerebral hemispheres include: a. the cingulum b. the uncinate fasciculus c. the corpus callosum d. the hippocampal commissure e. the geniculo-calcarine tract 3. The following structures are made up of the dura mater: a. tela choroidea b. the cisterna magna c. the diaphragma sellae d. falx cerebelli e. falx cerebri 4. The following are true with regard to the internal capsule: a. it is made up of grey matter b. the anterior limb separates the caudate nucleus from the lenticular nucleus c. fibres connecting the frontal lobe to the red nucleus are found in the posterior limb d. corticothalamic fibres are found in the anterior limb e. contralateral spastic hemiplegia can result from infarction of the lenticulostriate artery 5. With regard to cerebral circulation: a. the posterior inferior cerebellar artery arises from the posterior cerebral artery b. the internal capsule is supplied by penetrating branches arising from the middle cerebral artery c. the posterior cerebral artery arises from the internal carotid artery d. the lateral aspect of each cerebral hemisphere is supplied mainly by the middle cerebral artery e. the inferior petrosal sinus drains into the external jugular vein 6. The mylohyoid muscle: a. unites its fellow of the opposite side
b. lies superior to the sublingual salivary gland
c. has a branch of the lingual artery above it and a branch of the facial artery below it d. contracts when swallowing e. is derived from the second branchial arch 7. The inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx: a. receives its motor innervation from the nucleus ambiguous b. is a medial relation of the lateral lobe of the thyroid gland c. is pierced by the internal laryngeal nerve d. has the recurrent laryngeal nerve passing deep to its lower border e. has an origin from a ligament overlying the cricothyroid muscle 8. The following structures lie deep to hypoglossus: a. the hypoglossal nerve b. the stylohyoid ligament c the facial artery d. the glossopharyngeal nerve e. the submandibular duct
9. The intrinsic muscles of the tongue: a. are all derived from the branchial arch musculature b. are all supplied by the hypoglossal nerve c. alter the shape of the tongue d. are attached to various bones e. receive part of their blood supply from the maxillary artery 10. The greater petrosal nerve: a. passes below the trigeminal ganglion b. enters the foramen lacerum c. is a branch of the facial nerve d. carries taste fibres from the palate e. carries parasympathetic fibres for the lacrimal gland 11. concerning female breast
a.it is firmly attached to pect. major msc b.there is a subareolar lymph plexus c.axillary lymph nodes receive more than half the lymph from breast d. lyph from lateral part of breast may drain to para sternal nodes e.90 percent lymph may pass to post.ic nodes 12.concerning thumb and thenar eminence a.dorsal cutaneous br. of ulnar nerve is given off in forearm b.wasting of thenar mscs. may occur as a result of carpal tunnel syndrome c.1st metacarpal articulates with trapezoid d.scaphoid may be palpated in anatomical snuffbox e.synovial sheath of fpl communicates with radial bursa 13.in axilla a.pectoral l/n drain chiefly the upper limb b.post. cord of brachial pexus lies post to 1st part of axilaary artery c.tendon of latissimus dorsi lies anterior to teres major tendon d.long thoracic nerve can be damaged in mastectomy e.damage to intercostobrachial nerve causes sensory loss over medial part of arm 14.regarding u.l. a.medial part of forearm is supplied by t1 b.all mscs of hand supplied by t1 c.hypothenar mscs r supplied by ulnar nerve d.sup. palmar arch lies lateral to hook of hamate e.trapezium articulates with 1st metacarpal 15.in hand a.opposition of thumb test opponens pollicis b.ulnar bursa communicate with wrist joint
c.digital nerves lie on median plane of fingers d.fracture of lunate bone may compress median nerve e.palmar aponeurosis attached to skin
16. Regarding intercostal spaces A. External intercostal muscle has fibres directed downwards and forwards B. Neurovascular bundle runs between the internal and innermost intercostal muscle layers C. Each intercostal space is supplied by two anterior intercostal arteries D. Posterior intercostal arteries supplying the first two spaces arise from the descending aorta E. All anterior intercostal veins drain into the internal thoracic vein 17.The first rib A. B. C. D. E.
Its head articulates with the body of first thoracic vertebra Its neck is related to the sympathetic trunk The inner border gives attachment to the suprapleural membrane Has a groove for the subclavian vein on its inferior surface Articulates with the manubriosternal angle
18.Regarding the inlet of the thorax A. The lateral boundary is formed by the inner surface of the first rib and its costal cartilage B. Manubrium sterni forms the anterior boundary C. Posterior boundary is formed by the lower border of T4 vertebra D. Brachiocephalic artery passes through it E. Vertebral artery passes through it 19.Regarding the arcuate ligaments of the diaphragm A. The medial arcuate ligament is a thickening of lumbar fascia B. The medial arcuate ligament has an attachment to the body of first lumbar vertebra C. The lateral arcuate ligament is the thickening of the fascia of quadratus lumborum muscle D. The lateral arcuate ligament extends from transverse process of L1 vertebra to the 12th rib E. Crura develops from the dorsal mesentery of the oesophagus
20.The superior vena cava A. B. C. D. E.
is formed by the right anterior cardinal and right common cardinal veins is formed behind the manubrium sterni opens into the right atrium behind the 3rd costal cartilage receives the hemi azygos vein lies in the superior mediastinum
21.The inferior mesenteric artery A. B. C. D. E.
arises at the L3 vertebral level crosses the pelvic brim at the bifurcation of the left common iliac artery supplies the descending colon descends into the pelvis as the superior rectal artery gives off the right colic artery
22.The caecum A. B. C. D. E.
is completely covered by the peritoneum lies over the iliacus and psoas muscles has taeniae coli is supplied by the inferior mesenteric artery has the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh anterior to it
23.The second part of the duodenum A. B. C. D. E.
is covered in front with the peritoneum runs in front of the hilum of the right kidney is supplied by superior pancreaticoduodenal artery is developed entirely from the foregut has the bile duct opening in to its anterior wall
24.The caudate lobe of the liver A. B. C. D. E.
lies between the fissure for the ligamentum teres and gall bladder is connected to the right lobe by the caudate process forms the upper boundary of the foramen of Winslow belongs to the left and right morphological lobes of the liver is enclosed by the peritoneum
25.Regarding the inferior vena cava
A. B. C. D. E.
It passes through the diaphragm at the tenth thoracic vertebral level It has a valve at its termination Its post hepatic part is derived from the right supracardinal vein It receives the hepatic vein Both gonadal veins drain into it 26. In the pelvis and lower abdomen: (a) The superior gluteal artery is a branch of the external iliac artery. (b) The uterine artery is a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. (c) The umbilical artery is the first branch of the internal iliac artery in the fetus. (d) The internal pudendal artery re-enters the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen. (e) The inferior epigastric artery is given off above the inguinal ligament from the external iliac artery.
27. In the lower limb: (a) The main supply to the trochanteric anastomosis is through the superficial femoral artery. (b) The superficial femoral artery passes lateral to and behind the lower shaft of the femur. (c) The popliteal artery lies lateral to the popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa. (d) The descending genicular artery is a branch of the popliteal artery supplying the knee. (e) The anterior tibial artery runs anterior to the interosseous membrane. 28.. In the lower limb: (a) The patella is a sesamoid bone within the quadriceps tendon. (b) The fabella is frequently found in the lateral head of gastrocnemius. (c) The shaft of the femur ossifies at the 35th week of fetal life. (d) In a bipartite patella the supero-lateral part is separate to the rest of the patella. (e) Tensor fascia lata arises from the anterior superior iliac spine and inserts into the lateral condyle of the femur. 29. In the lower limb: (a) The rectus femoris arises from the anterior superior iliac spine. (b) Gracilis, sartorius and semitendinosus insert into the medial condyle of the tibia. (c) The adductor magnus inserts along the linea aspera, the medial
supracondylar line and the adductor tubercle of the medial femoral condyle. (d) The adductor hiatus interrupts the distal attachment of the adductor longus muscle. (e) The biceps femoris attaches to the lateral condyle of the femur. 30. In the knee joint: (b) A Baker’s cyst is an inflamed or swollen medial gastrocnemius – semimembranosus bursa. (c) The lateral collateral ligament is separated from the capsule by the popliteus tendon. (d) The anterior cruciate ligament passes from the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial femoral condyle. (e) The medial collateral ligament is a flattened band that blends posteriorly with the fibrous capsule.
