Ms 1331 2003 Code of Practice for Access of Disabled Person Outside Buildings First Revision

MALAYSIAN STANDARD

. t n e m u c o d e c n e r e f e r c i l b u p r o f y l n O / 9 0 0 2 y a M 5 1 n o d e t u b i r t s i D / A I S Y A L A M S D R A D N A T S o t d e s n e c i L

MS 1331:2003

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ACCESS OF t n e OUTSIDE BUILDINGS DISABLED PERSONS m u (FIRST REVISION) c o D e c n e e r f e R i c l b u P

ICS: 25.060.10 Descriptors : disabled person, access, outside buildings, footpaths, foot paths, lighting, ramps, stairs, stair s, lifts, escalators, traffics islands, street crossing, finishes

© Copyright DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA

DEVELOPMENT OF MALAYSIAN STANDARDS The Department of Standards Malaysia (DSM) is the national standardisation and accreditation body. The main function of the Department is to foster and promote standards, standardisation and accreditation as a means of advancing the national economy, promoting industrial efficiency and development, benefiting the health and safety of the public, protecting the consumers, facilitating domestic and international trade and furthering international cooperation in relation to standards and standardisation. Malaysian Standards are developed through consensus by committees which

t e m with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject in hand. To the u o c are aligned to or are adoption of greatest extent possible, Malaysian Standards D international standards. Approval of a estandard as a Malaysian Standard is c n e Act 1996 (Act 549). Malaysian Standards governed by the Standards of Malaysia r e are reviewed periodically. The use e f of Malaysian Standards is voluntary except in R so far as they are made c imandatory by regulatory authorities by means of l bor any other similar ways. regulations, local by-laws u P comprise of balanced representation of producers, n users, consumers and others


The Department of Standards appoints SIRIM Berhad as the agent to develop Malaysian Standards. The Department also appoints SIRIM Berhad as the agent for distribution and sale of Malaysian Standards. For further information on Malaysian Standards, please contact: Department of Standards Malaysia Level 1 & 2, Block C4, Parcel C Federal Go Government Ad Administrative Cen entr tre e 6 25 0 2 P u t r a j a y a MA L A Y S I A

OR

Tel: 60 3 88858000 Fax: 60 3 88885060

SIRIM Berhad (Company No. 367474 - V) 1, Persiaran Dato’ Me Menteri P . O. B o x 7 0 3 5 , S e c t i o n 2 40911 Shah Alam Selangor D.E. Tel : 60 3 5544 6000 F a x: 6 0 3 5 5 1 0 8 0 9 5

http://www.dsm.gov.my

http://www.sirim.my

E-mail: [email protected]

DEVELOPMENT OF MALAYSIAN STANDARDS The Department of Standards Malaysia (DSM) is the national standardisation and accreditation body. The main function of the Department is to foster and promote standards, standardisation and accreditation as a means of advancing the national economy, promoting industrial efficiency and development, benefiting the health and safety of the public, protecting the consumers, facilitating domestic and international trade and furthering international cooperation in relation to standards and standardisation. Malaysian Standards are developed through consensus by committees which

t e m with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject in hand. To the u o c are aligned to or are adoption of greatest extent possible, Malaysian Standards D international standards. Approval of a estandard as a Malaysian Standard is c n e Act 1996 (Act 549). Malaysian Standards governed by the Standards of Malaysia r e are reviewed periodically. The use e f of Malaysian Standards is voluntary except in R so far as they are made c imandatory by regulatory authorities by means of l bor any other similar ways. regulations, local by-laws u P comprise of balanced representation of producers, n users, consumers and others


The Department of Standards appoints SIRIM Berhad as the agent to develop Malaysian Standards. The Department also appoints SIRIM Berhad as the agent for distribution and sale of Malaysian Standards. For further information on Malaysian Standards, please contact: Department of Standards Malaysia Level 1 & 2, Block C4, Parcel C Federal Go Government Ad Administrative Cen entr tre e 6 25 0 2 P u t r a j a y a MA L A Y S I A

OR

Tel: 60 3 88858000 Fax: 60 3 88885060

SIRIM Berhad (Company No. 367474 - V) 1, Persiaran Dato’ Me Menteri P . O. B o x 7 0 3 5 , S e c t i o n 2 40911 Shah Alam Selangor D.E. Tel : 60 3 5544 6000 F a x: 6 0 3 5 5 1 0 8 0 9 5

http://www.dsm.gov.my

http://www.sirim.my

E-mail: [email protected]

MS 1331:2003

CONTENTS Page

Comm Committ ittee ee repre represe senta ntatio tion………… n………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… …………... …...

iv

Fore Forewo word rd…… ………… ……..… ..……… ………… ………… ………… ………. …..… .……… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……… …

v

0

Introduc Introduction tion..… ..………… ……………… …………… …………… …………… …………… …………… …………… …………… …………… …………… ……… …

1

1

Scop Scope…… e…………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ………… …

1

2

Normat Normative ive referen references… ces……… …………… …………… ………… ………… …………… …………… ………… ………… …………… …………… ……

1

3 4 . t n e m u c o d e c n e r e f e r c i l b u p r o f y l n O / 9 0 0 2 y a M 5 1 n o d e t u b i r t s i D / A I S Y A L A M S D R A D N A T S o t d e s n e c i L

5 6 7 8 9 10

t n e Foot Footpa path ths……… s…………… ………… ………… ………. …..… .……. ….…… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… …… m u o c………… Lig Light htin ing g..… ..……… ………… ………… ………… ………… …….… .……… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……… … D e c Step Step ramp ramps..… s..……… ………… ………… ………… ………… …….… .……… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………. …. n e r e Ram Ramps …… ………… …….. ..…… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………. …. e f R………… Stai Stairs… rs……… …….… .……… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… …….. c i l b Lift Lifts…… s…….… .……… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… …… P u Defi Defini niti tion ons……… s…………… ………… ……….… ….……… …….…… .………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……… …

1 2 4 5 6 6 8

Esca Escala lator tors…….… s…….………… ……………… ……………… ……………. …….……… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ………… …

10

11

Handra Han drails….… ils….………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ………….. …..

10

12

Guidi Guiding ng blocks blocks……… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ………….. …..

12

13

Pedest Pedestria rianis nised ed areas……… areas……………… ………….… ….………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………. ……...

15

14

Carria Carriagew geway ay narrow narrowing…… ing……….… ….….…… .…………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ………..

16

15

Underp Und erpass asses es and foo footbr tbridg idges……… es……………… ………...… ...……… …………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ………..

17

16

Traf Traffic fic isla island nds………… s………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ………… …

18

17

Pedes Pedestr trian ian cross crossing ings s ……… …………… ……….… ….………… ……………… ……………… ……………… …………… ……….… ….………. …….

18

18

Stree Streett furni furnitu ture……… re……………… ……………. …….…… …………… ……………… ……………… ……….…… .…………… ……………… ………… …

21

i

MS 1331:2003

CONTENTS (continued) Page 19

Seating….………………………………………………………………………………..

22

20

Signs and symbols…….……………..…………………………………………………

23

21

Parking..………………………………………………………………………………….

24

22

Landscape.………………………………………………………………………………

25

23

Announcements, signals and warnings for visually and hearing impaired persons.……..……………………………………………………………………………

25

t n e 25 Finishes….…………………………………………………………….………………… m u c 26 Circulation spaces………………….………………………..…………………………. o D 27 Projections, guard rails, openings and e drops …….…………………………………. c n e 28 Execution of works - Duties to disabled people ……..……………………………… e r f e 29 General maintenance……….…….…………………………………………………… R i c l b……………………………………..………………………….. u Table 1 Levels of illumination P 24


Access to bus, bus stops, transit stations and terminals ….………………………

26 26 27 27 28 29

5

Figures 1

Footpath dimensions…….….………………………………………………………….

3

2

Lay-by of 1 800 mm minimum to accommodate movement for 2 wheelchairs………………………………………………………..…….…………….

3

3

Maximum allowable camber for footpaths and ramps…..………….……………….

4

4

Step ramps ….…………………………………………………………………………..

5

5 a)

Stairs for ambulant disabled…….……………………………………….…………….

7

5 b)

Configuration of steps……..……………………………………………………………

7

6

Lift car requirement ……….……………………………………….……………………

9

7 a)

Handrail on pathways……….…………………………………………………….……

11

ii

MS 1331:2003

CONTENTS (continued) Page 7 b)

Handrail on stairway ……………………………………………………………………

11

8

Coordinating dimensions for handrail grip……..……………………………………..

12

9 a)

Line type guiding blocks…………….……..…………………………………………..

13

9 b)

Dot type guiding blocks……………….………………………………………………..

14

10 a)

Guiding blocks use at entrances…….………………………………………………..

14

10 b)

Guiding blocks used at stairs……..……………………………………………………

15

t n e m Carriageway narrowing with roadside parking………….………………..…………. u c o Guard rails in the underpass walls and D approaches….…………………………….. e c Traffic islands………………..………………………………………….………………. n e e r Raised pavement markers at f pedestrian crossing…………….….………………… e R Staggered pelican crossing……………….…………………………………………… i c l b u Access symbols for P the disabled…………..…………………………………….…….

19

17

Signs and Symbols indicating facilities and its direction…..……………..…………

24

18

Parking spaces for the disabled……..……………………….………………………..

24

19

Areas off circulation space …………………………………………………………….

27

20

Guarding roadworks site……………………………………………………………….

28

10 c) 11 . t n e m u c o d e c n e r e f e r c i l b u p r o f y l n O / 9 0 0 2 y a M 5 1 n o d e t u b i r t s i D / A I S Y A L A M S D R A D N A T S o t d e s n e c i L

12 13 14 15 16

Guiding blocks along corridors linking to stairs…….…………………….………….

iii

15 17 17

20 21 23

MS 1331:2003

Committee representation The Building and Civil Engineering Industry Standards Committee (ISC D) under whose authority this Malaysian Standard was developed, comprises representatives from the following organisations: Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia Chartered Institute of Building Malaysia Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Department of Standards Malaysia Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Jabatan Perumahan Negara Malaysian Timber Industry Board Master Builders Association Malaysia Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia Suruhanjaya Tenaga The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia

t n e m The Technical Committee on Accessibility for Disabled Persons which u developed of this standard was managed by the Construction Industry Development Board in its capacity as c an authorised Standards-Writing Organisation and o consists of representative from the following organisations: D e Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia c Kuala Lumpur General Hospital (Department of Rehabilitation n Medicine)/Hospital Putrajaya e r Department of Social Welfare Malaysia e f The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia e Kuala Lumpur City Hall (Architects & Special RProject Department) c Kuala Lumpur City Hall (Public Works i Department) l Kuala Lumpur City Hall (Urban Transportation Department) b u International Islamic University Malaysia (Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design) P Local Government Department Universiti Teknologi Malaysia


Malaysian Association for the Blind/Malaysian Council for Rehabilitation Malaysian Confederation of the Disabled Malaysian Federation of the Deaf Malaysian Institute of Architects National Housing Department University Malaya (Rehabilitation Unit, Medical Centre and Medical Faculty) Society of the Orthopaedically Handicapped, Malaysia Town and Country Planning Department Peninsular Malaysia

iv

MS 1331:2003

FOREWORD This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Technical Committee on Accessibility for Disabled Persons under the authority of the Building and Civil Engineering Industry Standards Committee. Development of this standard was carried out by Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia which is the Standards-Writing Organisation (SWO) appointed by SIRIM Berhad to develop standards for the construction industry. This Malaysian Standard is the first revision of MS 1331:1993, Code of practice for access of disabled people outside buildings. Major modifications in this revision are as follows: a)


inclusion of new topics such as Lifts, Escalators, Finishes, Circulation spaces, Projections, Guard rails, Openings and drops, Execution of works, Announcements, Signals and warnings for visually and hearing impaired persons;

t n b) revision and amendments of text, drawings, and e measurements; and m u c c) addition of new drawings. o D e c This revised Malaysian Standard cancels and n replaces MS 1331:1993 e e r does not of itself confer immunity f Compliance with a Malaysian Standard e obligations. R i c l b u P

v

from legal

MS 1331:2003

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ACCESS OF DISABLED PERSONS OUTSIDE BUILDINGS (FIRST REVISION) 0.

Introduction

Malaysia’s commitment to quality living among people with disabilities is extensively addressed in this revised code, which aims to improve the provisions of the MS 1331:1993, Code of practice for access for disabled people outside buildings. Pursuant to the spirit of the Proclamation on the Full Participation and Equal Opportunities of People with Disabilities in the Asia and Pacific Region to which Malaysia became a signatory th on 16 May 1994, the review of the current Code of Practice is timely and technically relevant. This also reflects the commitment of the Malaysian Government to allow disabled persons to be in the main stream of society in line with the new declaration of the Biwako Millennium Framework for Action from 2003 - 2012. This declaration aims at creating an inclusive, barrier-free and a rights-based society for people with disabilities, thereby improving their living condition inside and outside buildings and enabling them to achieve their total development potential. This revised standard covers the provision that needs to be incorporated into the design on access for disabled persons outside buildings. . t n e m u c o d e c n e r e f e r c i l b u p r o f y l n O / 9 0 0 2 y a M 5 1 n o d e t u b i r t s i D / A I S Y A L A M S D R A D N A T S o t d e s n e c i L

t n e m u c o D 1. Scope e c n e This Malaysian Standard specifies the r requirements for the provision and design of eforbasic outdoor facilities so as to permit access people with disabilities. f e R i c l 2. Normative references b u The following normative P references are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative references (including any amendments) apply. MS 1184:2002, Code of practice on access for disabled persons to public buildings (First Revision) BS 5489: 1992, Road lighting

3.

Definitions

For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply, unless the context requires otherwise: 3.1

Access for disabled persons

A continuous unobstructed path of travel capable of being negotiated by a person using a wheelchair or otherwise with limited mobility.

1

MS 1331:2003

3.2

Ambulant disabled persons

Persons who are able to walk but who may depend on prostheses (artificial limbs), orthoses (calipers), sticks, crutches or other mobility aids, and others who can walk but have sensory impairment such as the blind and the deaf. 3.3

Circulation space

A passageway, corridor, five footway, plaza, pocket parks, parks, concourse, squares, recreational areas or ramp affording access from one level to another. 3.4

Disabled persons

Persons with a physical, hearing or sight impairment or any combination thereof, which affects their mobility outside buildings and related amenities. 3.5


Guiding blocks

t n Special tiles incorporated into the walking surface, and arranged e in layouts for the guidance of the blind; they have raised markings on them which the m blind can feel through their feet. u c o 3.6 Mobility range D e for a disabled driver, or from the designated The maximum distance from the parking place c n destination. stops for public transport systems to intended e e r f e 4. Footpaths R i c l 4.1 The footpath should be well lit, presenting a firm, even, well-drained surface that is b u non-slip in wet and dry P weather. Joints on its surface should be closed and flush to prevent the trapping of small wheels and walking sticks. Steep crossfalls, sudden or irregular changes in gradients, and objects impeding free passage should be avoided. 4.2 The clear width should be not less than 1 500 mm. The clear width at local restrictions or obstacles should be not less than 1 200 mm. The minimum width should be increased to 3 000 mm at areas where people gather such as bus shelters, taxi shelters and crossings as shown in Figure 1.

2

MS 1331:2003

1 200 mm (minimum) between obstacles Define footpath sides with edging or low rail

2 000 mm (1 200 mm minimum) allows wheel chairs and prams to pass

1 350 mm (1 200 mm minimum) allows single wheelchair and pedestrian to pass

y a w e g a i r r a C

Splayed or rounded angles to ease progress in wheelchair

Footpaths

t n e m u c o D e c Figure 1. Footpath dimensions n e e r f e 4.3 To enable two wheelchairs to pass each other, any 100 m stretch of footpath which R does not contain a portion at least 1 c 800 mm wide and 2 100 mm long should be provided i l with a lay-by of that size as shown in Figure 2. b u P 1) To be firm, non-slip and well-laid 2) Edges to be defined


3) Handrails to be provided at slopes steeper than 1 in 20. Lower rail to be provided for detection by blind people using canes.

2 100 mm

m u m i n i m m m 0 0 8 1

Wheel chair

m m 0 0 8 1 <

Wheel chair

Varies

m m 0 0 8 1 <

Figure 2. Lay-by of 1 800 mm minimum to accommodate movement for two wheelchairs

4.4 The footpath should in no part have a gradient steeper than 1:20. Overhanging objects should not encroach to below 2 500 mm above the trafficable surfaces. Below this height no object may protrude more than 100 mm into the footpath from any wall or other structure adjacent to it. 3

MS 1331:2003

4.5 Covers and gratings should be non-slip and flush with the footpath surface. Openings should not be more than 13 mm wide. Gratings should be designed to allow multiple flows so as not to trap small wheels or snag walking sticks. 4.6 Where there is no kerb, the difference in level between the footpath and adjacent ground should not exceed 10 mm. 4.7 The camber of crowned or banked footpaths should not be more than 1:40 in cross section as shown in Figure 3.


t n e m u c o D e c n e e r f e R Figure 3. Maximum allowable camber for footpaths and ramps i c l b u P join other footpaths, ramps, carriageways or parking areas, the Wherever footpaths 1:40 maximum

1:40 maximum

b) Banked footpath or ramp

a) Crowned footpath or ramp

4.8 transition should be effected without abrupt change of camber.

4.9 Any drain or other steep drop-off adjacent to a footpaths should be either covered or protected by a guard-rail at least 1 100 mm high and 100 mm kerb high from floor surface. 4.10 Access symbols should be provided at both ends of footpaths suitable for wheelchair users in parks, recreational areas and other areas. 4.11 Obstacles installed to prevent the entry of vehicles or animals must not prevent the entry of wheelchairs. 4.12

5.

Gates must provide a clear opening of not less than 1 200 mm.

Lighting

5.1The siting of the columns should be provided in accordance with the requirement for street furniture (refer to 18.2). When resiting or providing new lighting columns, consideration should be given to the location of obstacles, steps and ramps within the footpath. The positions of the columns should be chosen, where possible, to highlight these impediments. 4

MS 1331:2003

5.2

All lighting should conform to standards as set out in BS 5489:1992.

5.3 Adequate lighting should be provided in areas that receive heavy pedestrian or vehicular use and in areas that are hazardous. 5.4 At places hazardous to the disabled such as stairs, ramps, intersections or abrupt changes in gradient, supplemental lighting to highlight change of levels should be used. 5.5 Illumination levels in the respective areas should not be lower than those indicated in Table 1. Table 1. Levels of illumination


Location Passageways and walkways Stairs & landing Ramps Lifts Toilet and locker rooms Counter tops General displays

Illumination (lux) 150 150 150 150 200 250 200 - 300

t n e m u c o D e c 6. Step ramps n e e rat pedestrian crossing points, junctions controlled by 6.1 Step ramps should be provided f e traffic signals, junctions in areas of high pedestrian activity and at other locations such as bus R stops where access is needed c to and from the footpath. The steps ramps shall be i l constructed in accordance with Figure 4. b u P Flush

1 200 mm (minimum)

2 n t 1 : 1 r a d ie g m u M a x i m

1 8 00 m m (m in i m u m )

Figure 4. Step ramp 6.2

The bottom of the step ramp should be flush with the adjacent surface.

6.3 Step ramps should be so located that disabled users have an uninterrupted view of the traffic approaching from all directions.

5

MS 1331:2003

6.4 Strong colour and texture change should be provided to distinguish the step ramps from the adjacent footpaths etc. and the surface shall be non-slip.


7.

Ramps

7.1

Any external slope with a gradient of more than 1:20 should be regarded as a ramp.

7.2

A ramp should:

a)

in no part have a gradient steeper than 1:12;

b)

be provided with rest areas not less than 1 200 mm in length at intervals of not more than 6 000 mm, measured clear of any rest areas;

c)

be provided on each side with a handrail; and

t n e m 7.3 The camber of a crowned or banked ramp should not be more than 1:40 in cross u section as shown in Figure 3. o c Dramps, carriageways or parking areas, the 7.4 Wherever a ramp joins footpaths, other e c of camber. transition shall be effected without abrupt change n e r 7.5 Steep slopes or drops at either f eside of the ramp should be provided with a kerb of e not less than 100 mm high as a safeguard for wheelchairs and to act as a tapping rail for R walking stick users. c i l b 7.6 Where there is no u kerb, the difference in level between the ramp and the adjacent P10 mm. ground should not exceed d)

have a width at every part of not less than 1 200 mm.

8.

Stairs

8.1 Stairs only provide independent access for some ambulant disabled. In addition to stairs, accessible ramps or lifts or both should be provided to give vertical access for all disabled persons. 8.2 Where the total rise in height of any flight of stairs exceed 2 000 mm, a landing width of not less than 1 200 mm should be provided. 8.3

Changes in level more than 180 mm and single steps should be avoided.

8.4

Treads and risers should comply with the following:

a)

the dimensions of treads and risers should be uniform for all steps in any one flight;

b)

the line of nosing of the top step of a flight of stairs should not be closer than 300 mm to the point where an adjacent wall returns as shown in Figure 5 a);

c)

treads should have a non-slip surface in accordance with Clause 25; 6

MS 1331:2003

d)

the nosing should have a radius of 10 mm to 15 mm and should be flush with the riser and should not be lapped more than 25 mm as shown in Figure 5 b); and

e)

projecting nosing and open stairs should not be used.

300 mm (clear)

Extend handrail at end of stair

Handrail continuous around landing

m m 0 0 2 1


Guiding block layout at top and bottom of stair for the blind refer to Figure 10 b) and 10 c)

t n e m u c 900 mm o (minimum clear) D e c n for ambulant disabled e Figure 5 a). Stairs e r f e R i c l b Tread u P 260 mm - 300 mm

m m 5 1 m m 0 1 R

Riser maximum 180 mm Maximum 25 mm

Figure 5 b). Configuration of steps

8.5

Illumination levels for stairs and landings (refer to Table 1)

8.6 The top and bottom steps of any flight of stairs should not encroach on circulation space. 7

MS 1331:2003

8.7 Landing and floor levels should be distinguished from stairs either by contrasting colours, brightness or textures. 8.8 No door should open directly across the top of the flight of stairs or swing so that it obstructs the top and bottom steps. 8.9

Stairs should have handrails on both sides in accordance with Clause 11.

8.10 The width between handrails on stairs should not be less than 900 mm as shown in Figure 5 a). 8.11 There should be an area of changed texture and colour at the top and bottom of a flight of steps to alert visually-impaired people to its presence, and the top and bottom risers and treads should be emphasised by the use of contrasting colours. Care should be taken to ensure that the top and bottom of flights of steps are well lit.

t n e m 9.1 Every lift forming part of vertical access for uthe disabled persons should have an c unobstructed depth in front of the lift doors of not less o than 1 800 mm. D e within a tolerance of 10 mm throughout the 9.2 It should maintain a floor level accuracy c n range of rated load. e r e f 9.3 The handrail in the lift car should e not be less than 600 mm long at 1 000 mm above the finished floor level and should R be fixed adjacent to the control panel. c i l 9.4 At least one lift car, badjacent to a public entrance that is accessible for disabled u persons, should be designed as a lift for wheelchair users, complying to all the sub-clauses of P this clause, and should have space for a wheelchair to be turned through 180 inside the lift in 9.


Lifts

°

accordance with Figure 6.

8

MS 1331:2003

m m 0 0 8 1

Handrail 600 mm long 1 000 mm above floor Controls

1 000 mm


9.5

t n e 1 800 mm m u LOBBY c o D e c n e e r f e Figure R 6. Lift car requirement i c l b should provide the following: u The lift door installation P

a)

the lift doors should be power operated;

b)

should provide a clear opening of not less than 1 000 mm in accordance with Figure 6;

c)

sensing devices should be provided to ensure that lift car and landing doors will not close while the opening is obstructed, subject to the nudging provisions which operate if the door is held open for more than 20 s; and

d)

if sensing devices as in c) are not provided, the dwell time of an automatically closing door should not be less than 5 s. and the closing speed should not exceed 0.25 m/s.

9.6

Lift controls should comply with the following:

a)

Controls should be clearly indicated and easily operated in accordance with Clause 27 of MS 1184:2002.

b)

Call buttons should either project from or be flush with the face of the car-operating panel. The width or diameter of the buttons should not be less than 20 mm.

9

MS 1331:2003


c)

Floor buttons, alarm buttons or emergency telephone and door control buttons in lift cars and lobbies should not be higher than 1 400 mm above finished floor level. The hearing impaired can use an alarm button and not the emergency telephone. An alarm button should always be provided, and preferably of a design which lights up and produce sound when pressed to reassure those trapped inside.

d)

All buttons should be so designed that the sight impaired can identify them by touch. Buttons which are not designed as such are best modified by fixing embossed or Braille numbers or letters, not on the buttons themselves, but adjacent to them.

9.7

Lift indicators should be provided in accordance with the following:

a)

'Lift coming' or 'Call accepted' indicators should be provided at each landing.

b)

Indicators should be provided in each lift lobby to show the position and direction of the lift car; alternatively, an audible indicator should be provided to indicate in advance the arrival of the lift car and its direction of travel.

t n c) An indicator inside the car should signal clearly the e direction of travel and the floor at which the lift car is situated. m u o c each floor level should be provided d) Embossed and Braille numbering indicating D beside the outside call button. e c n e r e 10. Escalators e f R lifts or ramps should be available as an alternative. 10.1 Where escalators are installed, c i l b shall be easily distinguished from the floor and landing levels 10.2 The treads of escalators u by contrasting colours, brightness and texture. Their surfaces shall be slip-resistant. P 10.3 To alert people with visual impairment that they are approaching escalators, a strip of suitable guiding blocks (refer to Clause 12) of not less than 900 mm long should be laid on the floor leading to the embarking end of the escalators.

11.

Handrails

11.1 Pathways, corridors, ramps and staircases, which may be accessed by wheelchair users and/or ambulant disabled persons, require handrails. 11.2

Handrails should be:

a)

fixed not less than 840 mm or more than 900 mm from finished floor level, extended in the case of ramp or stairway by 300 mm as shown in Figures 7 a) and 7 b);

b)

fixed securely with its ends turned away or turned downwards for not less than 100 mm;

10

MS 1331:2003

300 mm (minimum) 300 mm (minimum)

100 mm (minimum) m m 0 0 9 m m 0 4 8

Maximum gradient 1:12

Figure 7 a). Handrail on pathways


100 mm (minimum)

t n e m umm 150 c o D e c n The direction of the e extended handrail is optional r e 300 mm (minimum) f e R i c l b u 300 mm (minimum) P

Figure 7 b). Handrail on stairway

c)

so fixed that there is no obstruction to the passage of the hand along the grip;

d)

fixed not less than 50 mm and not more than 100 mm from any adjacent wall;

e)

continued unbroken, if practicable, throughout each flight of stairs or along each pathway or internal ramp and around landing and rest areas;

f)

preferably contrast in colour to their supporting walls;and

g)

which if located at staircases and ramps should be capable of carrying a minimum load of 100 kg and available on both sides. 11

MS 1331:2003

11.3 The grip should not be less than 40 mm diameter nor more than 60 mm wide and it should provide a secure non-slip grip as shown in Figure 8.

) m u m i n i m ( m m 0 0 1

40 mm - 60 mm

m m 0 6 m m 0 4 p i r G

t n e WALL m u c o D e c n e e r f e R c Figure 8. i Coordinating dimensions for handrail grip l b u P Guiding blocks 840 mm - 875 mm above nosing of tread


12.

Optional handrail profile

12.1 Guiding blocks should be provided to assist visually-impaired people where they need either warning of dangers ahead such as obstacles and hazards, or guidance as to the correct route to follow, for example: a)

at the entry points to doors, entrances, location with change of levels includingstairs, lifts, escalators, ramps and others obstacles or hazards; and

b)

layout of guiding blocks should be arranged at strategic points such as main entrances.

12.2

A guiding block should meet the following requirements:

a)

it must be detectable underfoot;

b)

it must be easily installed and maintained;

c)

it must be of durable non slip-material; and

d)

it must be contrast in colour with adjacent surfaces. 12

MS 1331:2003

12.3 The blocks forming a guiding block of the layout should be set adjacent to one another with the base level of their upper surfaces flush with that adjacent footpath or carriageway. They must adhere firmly with the base material below. Regular inspection, maintenance and repairs should be carried out specifically of guiding blocks. 12.4 The sides of blocks should not be less than 300 mm long. Their raised markings should be regularly arranged, and should stand out 5 mm to 6 mm above the base level of their upper surface; they should be 25 mm to 35 mm wide, and spaced with their centres or middle lines 50 mm to 70 mm apart. Examples of blocks of suitable design and dimensions are given in Figures 9 a) and 9 b). 12.5

There are two types of blocks bearing different kinds of raised marking:

a)

Line-type guiding blocks, as in Figure 9 a), indicate the correct route to follow, namely that in which the lines point.

t n e m u c o D 12.6 Where guiding blocks are used to warn e of hazard, the distance between the hazard c and the edge of the nearest block should n normally be 600 mm; but at the dangerous drop-off e such as a railway platform it should be r 900 mm. Where used at doors, entrances, stair, lifts, e escalators and ramps, the distance f to the edge of the nearest guiding block should be e 300 mm as shown in Figures 10 a), R10 b) and 10 c). i c l 12.7 Figures 10 a), 10 b b) and 10 c) show how layouts of guiding blocks should be arranged at important points P usuch as main entrances, stairs and turning point at corners. b)


Dot-type guiding blocks, as in Figure 9 b), give a warning signal. They are used to screen off an obstacle, drop-off or other hazard; to discourage movement in an incorrect direction; and to warn of a corner or junction in the correct route. For either type, the blocks used within any layout of guiding blocks should all be of similar design and dimension.

300 mm

300 mm

300 mm

300 mm

5 mm - 6 mm

5 mm - 6 mm

Figure 9 a). Line-type guiding blocks

13

MS 1331:2003

300 mm

300 mm

300 mm

5 mm - 6 mm

Figure 9 b). Dot-type guiding blocks


t n e m u c o Inside D e300 mm c n e e r f e R i c l b Outside u P

Figure 10 a). Guiding blocks use at entrances

14

300 mm

5 mm - 6 mm

MS 1331:2003

300 mm 300 mm

300 mm

Plan

Section

300 mm

Figure 10 b). Guiding blocks used at stairs


t n e m 150 u mm c o D e c n e e r f e R i c l 300 mm b u P Figure 10 c). Guiding blocks along corridors linking to stairs 3 0 0

m m

13.

Pedestrianised areas

13.1

Pedestrianised areas fall into four major categories:

a)

limited access streets;

b)

streets with core time restrictions;

c)

pedestrianised streets; and

d)

pedestrian precincts.

13.2 Limited access streets, sometimes referred to as 'partial' or 'semi' pedestrianisation, is where, for example, buses or commercial vehicles serving the shops may enter. Kerbs should be maintained although the carriageway can be narrowed at places to prevent the disabled from encountering traffic. Consideration should be given to the provision of car parking facilities for the disabled within the area itself where the necessary mobility ranges cannot be achieved from outside. 15

MS 1331:2003

13.3 Specific periods on each side of the streets with core time restrictions cater for servicing problems where no alternative means of servicing is available. Access conditions should apply to the disabled as well as delivery vehicles. In such circumstances, there should be a consistent distinctive colour and surface change to indicate those areas which may be run on by vehicles. Reserved car parking spaces should be provided within the recommended mobility ranges on the periphery of such schemes. Alternatively, the restrictions on time should not apply to the disabled where it is essential that they park within the schemes. 13.4 In pedestrianised streets, reserved parking spaces within the required mobility ranges are essential. The most obvious place to be considered is the closed-off ends of the street. The possibility of reserving car parking spaces for the disable should also be considered along the side streets and in the adjacent car parks. 13.5 Pedestrian precincts are usually purpose-built and the mobility range is a key factor to be considered. The wide-open space feeling of many precincts presents particular problems to partially sighted people and the totally blind. Guiding blocks, recognisable landscape features and color-textured routes in such schemes should be considered.


t n e 14. Carriageway narrowing m u c 14.1 Where the area involves major traffic routes, o there may be no scope to carry out schemes of pedestrianisation, and in such D circumstances, the following two techniques e should be adopted as shown in Figure 11: c n e r a) carriageway narrowing; and e f e b) closure of side streets. R i c may be carried out where the volume of traffic is not l 14.2 Narrowing the carriageway b u heavy, or if the traffic can be reduced by traffic management or alternative route construction. P This will make it easier for the disabled to cross the road, and reduce the congestion on the footpath. 14.3 Where parking has to be retained, nibs should be provided to define the parking bays and loading areas as shown in Figure. 11 and allow the disabled to see beyond stationary vehicles or be seen by the drivers of moving vehicles. The visual impact of nibs should assist in slowing down the driver. 14.4 In areas of high pedestrian activity, consideration should be given to closing lightly trafficked side roads by continuing the footpath of the main road across them. This reduces the number of junctions that need to be signal-controlled. Parking for the disabled should be provided in the cul-de-sac thereby created.

16

MS 1331:2003

Nib Parking ba


t n eroadside parking Figure 11. Carriageway narrowing with m u c o 15. Underpasses and footbridges D e c 15.1 If the traffic situation is such that n an underpass or footbridge is necessary, it should e be easily accessible so as to encourage r maximum usage. The height that the pedestrian e must rise or fall should be minimised. f eAn underpass is preferred if the situation permits. R and underpasses should comprise ramps (where 15.2 The approaches to footbridges c i in accordance with Clauses 7, 8 and 11, except that all l appropriate), stairs and handrails b be as wide as possible to reduce feelings of anxiety. u stages of an underpass should P 15.3 Underpass walls and any walls on the approaches should be protected by a guardrail of minimum 75 mm off the wall and 225 mm high from the floor as shown in Figure 12.

A

75 mm

Varies

225 mm

A

225 mm

Section A-A

Figure 12. Guard rails in the underpass walls and approaches 17

Wall

MS 1331:2003

15.4 To assist visually-impaired people, a change of texture and, if possible, a colour contrast for a width of 200 mm should be provided at the top of a ramp and the top and bottom of a flight of steps. The tops and bottoms of the flights of steps should be brightly coloured and these areas should be well lit. Adequate emergency lighting should be provided in underpasses.

16.

Traffic islands

16.1 Traffic islands should be provided whenever possible on pedestrian routes near junctions or roundabouts, enabling the pedestrian to deal with one lane or direction of traffic at a time. 16.2 Traffic islands should be designed in accordance with Figure 13 and should be accompanied by step ramps on both footpaths.

t n e m u c o 17. Pedestrian crossings D e c npedestrian flow and vehicle flow are used to 17.1 Certain numerical combinations of e rat particular locations. Where such numerical criteria determine the type of crossing required e f are not met, specific reference is made e to the act that pedestrian facilities may be desirable in the following circumstances: R i c l a) where a road cuts through b a substantial community area; u P b) adjacent to community centres, homes for the elderly, infirm or blind, entrance to 16.3 In the middle of the traffic island there should be a gap level with the carriageway, minimum dimensions 1 800 mm parallel to the line of traffic flow and 2 000 mm perpendicular to it. Guiding blocks should be provided in this gap.


park, training institution for disabled persons; c)

adjacent to hospitals or clinics;

d)

at busy shopping areas;

e)

outside school entrances; and

f)

where the number of heavy vehicles exceeds 300 per hour during the four busy hours.

17.2 Pelican crossings (pedestrian activated traffic light crossing) are much preferred by elderly and disabled persons. A pelican crossing should be provided, where 17.1 f) is applicable. 17.3 Guiding blocks should be provided on each approach to a pelican crossing (refer to 12.7) and the borders should be demarcated with raised markers installed at the crossings as shown in Figure 14.

18

MS 1331:2003

Footpath

TL

Carriageway TL TL

Carriageway TL Footpath


t n Plan view of paving at a traffic e island m u TL - Traffic light c o D e c n e e r f e R i c l b u Textured paving P blocks m m 0 0 2 1

Perspective view of paving at a traffic island

Figure 13. Traffic islands

19

MS 1331:2003

Painted line

p m a r b r e K

500 CRS +- 10 CRS

Direction of pedestrian flow

p m a r b r e K

500 CRS + - 10 CRS Outside edge of crossover to centre of marker

w o l f c i f f a r t f o n o i t c e r i D


All dimension in millimeters

t n e m u c o D e Figure 14. Raised pavement c markers at pedestrian crossing n r e 17.4 The push button edges should e positioned at a height of 1 200 mm from the ground. f e 17.5 For the benefit of the blind, Rat all pedestrian crossings controlled by traffic lights there should also be audio signals i to c indicate the green phase for the pedestrian. The last part of l the green phase where the bgreen man is flashing should be distinguished by accelerated u audio signals. The visual and audio signals should be linked by a fail-safe system such that if P one ceases to function the other will stop automatically. 17.6 Where a pelican crossing includes a road divider or traffic island in the middle of the carriageway, there should be two pairs of traffic light poles controlling the two halves, each with one pole on the footpath and the other on the divider or island as shown in Figure 13. Thus a slow-moving person stranded in the middle when the traffic moves again can use the button there to reactivate the lights and cross the other half of the carriageway. The two pairs of traffic lights must be synchronised to stop traffic in both directions simultaneously, if not, there is a danger that a blind person in the middle might be confused by different sounds coming from the two poles there. The time allocated for crossing should consider the movement of slow moving persons. 17.7 At places where the road is wide and the traffic heavy, the time taken for pedestrians to cross both halves of the carriageway could be so long as to cause traffic jams, and it is better that they be made to cross each half separately by providing a staggered pelican crossing as in Figure 15. Here two independent pairs of traffic lights, not synchronised with each other, are used to control the two halves of the crossing; but the two poles on the central divider or island are well separated, and the pedestrian is channeled from one to the other by suitably placed guard rails. The width of the space between the guard rails, perpendicular to the line of traffic flow, should not be less than the width of the footpaths.

20

MS 1331:2003

TL

Railing

2 700 mm

Carriageway

TL TL

Central Divider

Carriageway TL - Traffic light TL


t n Figure 15. Staggered pelican e crossing m u c o 18. Street furniture D e cobstruction and should be so located as to 18.1 Any piece of street furniture is n an e width. In pedestrianised areas, street furniture preserve 1 200 mm obstacle-free footpath r eareas and lines of movement where pedestrians are should be carefully grouped away from f e most numerous. R c i be in line on the side of the footpath nearest to the 18.2 Poles of all types should l b600 mm from the edge of the carriageway. Side-hanging signs carriageway, at a distance of u with single poles or attached P to walls/structures are preferred to maximise the obstructionfree width which must not be less than 1 200 mm.

18.3 Where a second pole is required for a sign board, this should be provided at the back of the footpath, the sign board being fixed to channels bridging the two poles. The distance between the two poles should not be less than 1 200 mm. 18.4 The lower edge of the traffic signs should not be less than 2 100 mm above the ground level. Any obstructions other than a permanent traffic sign should have a minimum clearance of 2 500 mm above the footpath surface. 18.5 Within the colour limitations for environment and road safety reasons, consideration should be given to providing a contrast with the background or incorporating a brightly coloured band for the street furniture for the benefit of visually-impaired people. 18.6 To enable visually-impaired people to identify poles indicating bus-stops, taxi-stands and other places of importance to them; these poles should be fitted with sleeves of embossed letters and colours according to the various types of place (e.g. 'T' for taxi-stands, 'B' for bus-stops and 'L' for crossings). The sleeves should be fitted round the pole at a level between 1 200 mm and 1 500 mm from the ground and should measure at least 100 mm from top to bottom.

21

MS 1331:2003

18.7 Generally, any free standing obstacle preferably be at least 1 000 mm high and consideration should be given to contrasting the item's colour with its background to enhance its visibility. Where a pedestrian route passes between two pieces of street furniture, there should be a minimum clear width of 1 200 mm. 18.8 Bins, when attached to lamp posts, should be position so as to cause minimal obstruction of pedestrian flows and should be at 1 000 mm from the ground. 18.9 Guard rails should be of an open type so as not to obstruct the view. At corners, or places where they lie across the footpath, they should have horizontal members at both top and bottom so that a blind person will detect them in time with his walking stick and not injure himself by walking into them. 18.10 Special design features should be incorporated to emphasise the presence of certain items of street furniture such as plants, bridges and jogging track, by distinguishing them with different texture to the adjacent footpath.

t n e m c uobstruction and should not reduce the 18.12 Trees and other plants should not cause o any minimum clear width of 1 200 mm. Overhanging tree branches should be trimmed to at least D 3 000 mm clear height. e c n e should comply with Clauses 16, 17, 18, 19, 18.13 Toilets for public use outside buildings r e 20, 22 and 26 of MS 1184:2002. e f R 18.14 Vending machines and c other such facilities in public places should be accessible to i card-slot and buttons should be no higher than 1 000 mm wheelchair users. The coin-slot, l b above the ground. u P 18.11 Tapering obstructions such as spaces below ramps and stairs should be blocked out completely or masked by a protective handrail, raised kerb or textured surface. Obstructions such as stabilising wires on telephone poles should not encroach into the footpath.


19.

Seating

19.1 Seating should be provided at resting places such as on long pedestrian routes, pocket parks, parks, recreational areas, corridors, squares, plazas, bus and train stations, and bus stops. 19.2 The seating should be accessible and located along and off the main footpath, or on the main route where the width of the footpath is sufficient. 19.3 Designing seating for the disabled persons for outside buildings should include safety, comfort, appropriate finishes for seating and flooring (refer to Clause 25), well lit and with signage. 19.4 General seating should not be less than 420 mm and nor more than 450 mm above the walking surface. Seats should measure not more than 500 mm from the front edge to the back. Where fixed arms are provided, these should be 200 mm to 250 mm above the seat. Where seats are provided for elderly people with pith stiff hips, the recommended height of the seat above the walking surface is 700 mm – 800 mm.

22

MS 1331:2003

20.

Signs and symbols

20.1 Proper signs should be provided for sections of road where vehicles are normally prohibited but exemption is given to the disabled. In certain cases, signages should be provided to warn traffic of areas that are frequented by disabled persons. 20.2 Traffic management measures involving signages for disabled persons should be given consideration. For example, if there are several alternative routes to a major shopping center from the main bus station where disabled persons are known to disembark, then the route should be selected and provided with signages and symbols. 20.3 Access symbols should be included in the general information or directory board indicating facilities for wheelchair users e.g. parking, bus and train station, public toilets, religious places, recreational areas, squares, parks, public library, etc. 20.4 Signs and symbols should be provided in accordance with Clause 28 of MS 1184:2000 as shown in Figures 16 and 17.


t n e m u c o D e c n e e r f e R i c l b u P

Figure 16. Access symbol for the disabled

23

MS 1331:2003

Information

Identification

Direction

t n e m u 21. Parking c o D 21.1 In off-street car parks and other places used for parking in fully pedestrianised areas e should be provided according to Clause (refer to 13.4), parking spaces for disabled c persons n for disabled persons should be located at the 4 of MS 1184:2000. The location of the parking e main entrance. Such parking bay should e r be either 4 800 mm long by 3 300 mm wide to f accommodate transfer from vehicle e to wheelchair, or arranged in pairs each 4 800 mm x 2 R900 mm wide in between as shown in Figure 18. 400 mm with a shared transfer area i c l b u P Figure 17. Sign and symbol indicating facilities and its direction


900 mm

2 400 mm

2 400 mm

900 mm

2 400 mm

2 400 mm

e d i s m o r f e l b a l i a v a s s e c c A

m m 0 0 8 4 m m 0 0 4 1

Marked out shared space between two standard bays

b) Bank of bays

a) Standard bay

Figure 18.

Parking spaces for the disabled 24

c) End bay

MS 1331:2003

21.2 On either side of any street with kerb-side parking, spaces for disabled drivers should be provided at regular intervals of 1:50. A minimum of one such space should be provided in any strip of the street between major cross-roads or junctions. 21.3 Each parking bay should where possible, be at least 6 600 mm long rather than the normal minimum of 4 800 mm and 3 300 mm wide rather than the normal 2 400 mm. This is to enable the wheelchair user to get out of the car on the driver’s side and go between it and the next car park to the footpath. 21.4 Markings indicating parking spaces for disabled persons should be provided on the parking spaces near the main entrances of their homes (apartments), working places and public areas. 21.5 Where there is a footpath adjacent to any parking spaces for the disabled persons, a step ramp not less than 1 200 mm wide should be provided for access to it.

t n e m u c 22. Landscape o D 22.1 Landscape can be divided into: e c n e a) soft landscape such as plants, shrubs e r and trees; and f e b) hard landscape such as Rfurniture, lighting, dustbin or part of any features for decorating, etc. i c l b u 22.2 Soft landscape and hard landscape should not obstruct the disabled at places in the P main stream of circulation such as the footpath, pedestrian walkways, corridor and circulation 21.6 Parking spaces for the disabled persons should be identified by signs incorporating the symbol of access (refer to 20.3).


of outside areas. 22.3 Any hard landscapes that are located in the circulation area should be surrounded by a temporary kerb and should be high enough to be conspicuous. 22.4 Any temporary structures or decoration features of events should have stable stands or bases with a minimum height of 450 mm from floor level when located outside buildings. 22.5 Any water features should be surrounded by a wall with a minimum height of 600 mm from floor level for the safety of visually impaired.

23. Announcements, signals and warnings for visually and hearing impaired persons 23.1

All public buildings should provide the following requirements:

a)

Public announcement systems and emergency warning signals should be both audible and visible.

25

MS 1331:2003

b)

Should be clearly identified by illumination guide or guiding blocks surface for example nosing of staircases for either normal or emergency use.

c)

The illumination levels in the respective areas should not be lower than those indicated in Table 1 in Clause 5.

24.

Access to buses, bus stops, transit stations and terminals

24.1 Traffic management schemes and road layouts should enable buses to get into and out of stops without difficulty to enable buses to pull right into the kerb for disabled persons to board and alight. 24.2 For the blind and visually impaired, there should be brightly-coloured embossed numbers indicating the routes served. All glass walls at bus stops, transit stations and terminals should be marked with bold logos or other devices to indicate their presence.


t n e m u c o D e c 25. Finishes n e e r 25.1 Floor finishes should have f a non-slip surface and texture e persons. The following finishes are Racceptable. i c l a) for wet locations which are frequently washed: b u P concrete with abrasive or textured surface;

24.3 In particular at long-distance bus stops, transit stations and terminals, where possible there should be a part of the boarding platform at the same level as the internal floor of the bus or trains, and a horizontal cross-piece bridging the gap which can be removed or folded away when not in use to make it easier for wheelchair users to get on and off the bus.

-

b)

traversal by disabled

concrete with exposed aggregate finish; bituminous concrete; natural stone with rough finish; paving bricks with special abrasive finish; and rubber, specially formulated with embossed surface, or

for dry locations: including all materials suitable for wet locations, smooth flooring materials such as the following: -

tiles; timber; terrazzo; fibre glass, and any other similar material.

25.2 Contrasting textures, colours and brightness should be used to emphasise obstructions or hazards such as ramps, expose beams, etc. Since red or green colour blindness is more common among people with low vision, red and green should not be chosen as a pair of contrasting colours. 26

MS 1331:2003

26.

Circulation spaces

26.1 Every circulation space, other than a step ramp complying to Clause 6, forming part of access for wheelchair users should have a clear width at every part of not less than 1 200 mm. 26.2 Circulation spaces should not include any vertical change in level of more than ± 10 mm. 26.3 The minimum distances between the doorways in a straight line forming access for wheelchair users should be the width of the widest door encroaching into the circulation space together with 1 200 mm, or 2 000 mm, whichever is greater as shown in Figure 19. 26.4 Where access for wheelchair users involve a change of direction to gain access to an area off a circulation space, the circulation space should have a width of not less than 1 200 mm.

t n e m c u columns or lamp posts. Vertical 26.6 Circulation spaces should be free from o isolated corners of elements such as columns or lamp posts D outside the buildings should be rounded off to reduce the risk of injury to them. e c n e r e e f R c i l b u P 26.5 The unobstructed space to be provided in an area leading off a circulation space should be in accordance with either of the alternatives in Figure 19.


Unobstructed area

) m u m i n i m ( m m 0 5 2

1 200 mm (minimum)

250 mm (minimum)

OR

Unobstructed area

300 mm (minimum)

Figure 19. Areas off circulation space

27.

Projections, guard rails, openings and drops

27.1 Hanging signs, lights, awnings and similar objects that protrude into circulation spaces should have a minimum clearance height of 2 000 mm clear. 27.2 Windows or doors should not open across access walkways, corridors, stairs or ramps such that they obstruct circulation. 27.3 Guard rails must be provided alongside any drop-off to avoid hazards to people with visual impairment and the public. 27

MS 1331:2003

27.4 Openings of any forms whatsoever and any sudden drop of more than 75 mm from the floor level across walkways, corridors or any other means of access should be adequately indicated and protected in order to avoid hazard to people with visual impairment.

28.

Execution of works – Duties to disabled persons

28.1 All openings or obstructions on carriageways and footpaths should be barricaded off with a continuous rail which is brightly coloured and strong enough to offer the necessary resistance should a blind person walk into it. This rail should be 1 100 mm above ground level, 600 mm away from all openings and obstructions. There should also be a tapping rail which is easily detected by the visually impaired persons. Warning lamps with beepers should be added as shown in Figure 20. 28.2 Pedestrian routes diverted onto the carriageway should be clearly defined by continuous barriers.


t n e m u c o D 28.4 Advance information should be provided e where street c hazard or an obstacle to the disabled. n e e r f e R i c l Blinker b lights u P

28.3 Where a temporary footpath is provided, its surface must be of an adequate standard. Well-secured timber planking (free of projections), compacted fine grained material or tarmac are acceptable. Unbedded flagstones or loose hardcore are not recommended. The temporary footpath should not be less than 1 200 mm wide. works are likely to pose a

m 0 m 0 6

1 100 mm

Figure 20. Guarding roadworks sites

28

MS 1331:2003

28.5 Where scaffolding or other temporary structures are erected on or adjacent to a footpath, it is essential that their presence is made clear to the visually impaired. Corner poles must be clearly indicated by warning tape or sleeves. Warning lamps must be provided as in 28.1. Each tubular support should be provided with a white band 150 mm in depth, the lower edge of the band being about 1 600 mm above ground level. Temporary closeboarded structures delineating a footpath should be provided with a continuous white band of the same depth and at the same height above the ground level.

29.

General maintenance

29.1 Consideration should be given to the elimination or rationalisation of street furniture, the provision of step ramps, the shortening of walking distances etc at the planning and design stage. Coordination of the respective consultants should be conducted to ensure the provision of street furniture and pedestrian facilities on a length of street are systematically located to prevent them from being obstacles to the disabled persons.

t n e m u c o 29.3 The footpath should be well maintained Dto avoid lifting of the pavement material, gratings, uneven manhole covers, cracked slabs, e ruts, poor maintenance reinstatements, etc c to reduce hazards to the disabled persons. n e r e e f R c i l b u P 29.2 Routine maintenance programmes should take into account and give special attention to routes known to be used by disabled people, especially those leading to public facilities such as hospitals, shopping areas, bus stations, shops etc.


29

Ms 1331 2003 Code of Practice for Access of Disabled Person Outside Buildings First Revision

Recommend Documents