NEUROLOGY MULTIPLE-CHOICE MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
Directions: Each question below contains four suggested responses. Select the one best response
to each question. 1. The upper upper motor neuron neuron impairmen impairmentt produces produces the following following change change of muscles muscles tone: 1. flacc accidity 2. spast asticity 3. “cog “cog whe wheel el rigi rigidi dity ty !. myoclon lonia "nswer: 2 2. The muscula muscularr wasting wasting #hypotro #hypotrophy$ phy$ usually usually de%elops de%elops with with disease disease in: 1. uppe upperr mot motor or neu neuro ron n 2. lowe lowerr mot motor or neu neuro ron n 3. cereb rebell ellar !. caudate "nswer: 2 3. The temperatu temperature re & pin sense loss loss usually usually de%elop de%elopss with disease disease in: in: 1. ante anteri rior or horn hornss of spin spinal al cord cord 2. poster posterior ior horns horns of spinal spinal cord cord 3. late lateral ral hor horns ns of of spin spinal al cor cord d !. poster posterior ior column columnss of spinal spinal cord cord "nswer: 2 !. " glo%e'& glo%e'&'stoc(i 'stoc(ing ng pattern pattern of sensory sensory disturbance disturbance usually usually de%elops de%elops with with disease in: in: 1. peri periph pher eral al ner% ner%es es 2. the the spi spin nal cord cord 3. the the brai brains nste tem m !. the th thalamu amus "nswer: 1 ). *abins(y *abins(y response response usually usually de%elops de%elops with with damage damage in: 1. uppe upperr mot motor or neu neuro ron n 2. lowe lowerr mot motor or neu neuro ron n 3. cereb rebell ellar !. thalamus "nswer: 1 +. The presence presence of ata,ia ata,ia suggests suggests damage damage to any of of the followin following g E-E/T E-E/T:: 1. cereb rebell ellar 2. thalamus 3. %est %estib ibul ular ar nucl nucleu euss !. %agal ne ner%e r%e "nswer: ! 0. The ability ability to to wal( along a straight straight line is most most often impaired impaired with: with: 1. cereb cerebell ellar ar dysfu dysfunc ncti tion on 2. pari pariet etal al lobe lobe dama damage ge 3. temp tempor oral al lobe lobe dama damage ge
!. ocular motor disturbances "nswer: 1 . /ar(insonism includes combination of the following: 1. tremor brady(inesia & muscles rigidity 2. paresis anesthesia & muscles spasticity 3. chorea & muscles hypotonia !. tremor ata,ia & muscles hypotonia "nswer: 1 . 4emiplegia hemianesthesia & hemianopia de%elop together with disease in the: 1. spinal cord 2. internal capsule 3. thalamus !. brainstem "nswer: 2 15. "ffection of the cerebellar may produce any of the following E-E/T: 1. positi%e 6omberg7s test 2. positi%e finger to nose test 3. positi%e heel to (nee test !. positi%e 6inner & 8eber test "nswer: ! 11. *rown'Sequard syndrome de%elops with the following damage of the spinal cord: 1. complete trans%ersal 2. anterior horns 3. half trans%ersal !. posterior horns "nswer: 3 12. The presence of ptosis suggests damage to cranial ner%e: 1. 9 2. 3. 999 !. 99 "nswer: 3 13. The presence of dysphagia suggests damage to cranial ner%es: 1. '99 2. 9-'3. 99'-9 !. 999'9 "nswer: 2 1!. The presence of dysarthria suggests damage to cranial ner%e: 1. 2. -9 3. -99 !. 999 "nswer: 3
1). The damage to 9- - & -99 cranial ner%es produce: 1. bulbar palsy 2. pseudobulbar palsy 3. *rown'Sequard syndrome !. "rgyle'6obertson syndrome "nswer: 1 1+. ;ysphasia suggests the impairment of: 1. speech 2. gait 3. swallowing !. mo%ement "nswer: 1 10. The *roca7s area is located in the lobe: 1. frontal 2. parietal 3. temporal !. occipital "nswer: 1 1. The patient with apra,ia cannot: 1. name his fingers 2. carry out an imagined act 3. draw simple diagrams !. spea( fluently "nswer: 2 1.
asseg !. 6omberg "nswer: 2 25. "ny of the following syndromes is the in%oluntary mo%ement E-E/T: 1. chorea 2. tic 3. tremor !. paresis "nswer: ! 21. /athological refle, occurred in central paralysis #upper motor neuron lesion$ is the following: 1. *rud?ins(y 2. @ery 3. *abyns(y !. *rown'Sequard "nswer: 3 22. Aibrillations #fasciculations$ may de%elop with disease in: 1. lateral column of the spinal cord
2. posterior horn of the spinal cord 3. anterior horn of the spinal cord !. internal capsule "nswer: 3 23. *ilateral affection of spinal cord at the cer%ical le%el may produce the following syndrome: 1. hemiplegia 2. paraplegia 3. tetraplegia !. monoplegia "nswer: 3 2!. entral paresis loss of propriocepti%e sensation on one side & loss of e,terocepti%e sensation on the opposite form the following syndrome: 1. >ambert'9ton 2. aseuge sign suggests damage to the following: 1. meninges of the brain 2. spinal roots )' or radial ner%e 3. spinal roots >)'S1 or sciatic ner%e !. anterior horns at the le%el >)'S1 "nswer: 3 2. The affection of cerebellar may produce any of the following E-E/T: 1. nystagmus 2. ata,ia 3. dysmetria !. dyspra,ia "nswer: ! 2. The presence of dysdiadocho(inesis suggests damage to the following:
1. blac( substance 2. spinal cord 3. cerebellar !. occipital lobe "nswer: 3 35. The presence of /ar(insonism suggests damage to the following: 1. caudate nucleus 2. blac( substance 3. cerebellar !. frontal lobe "nswer: 2 31. 9n initial stage of /ar(inson disease the most typical in%oluntary mo%ement is the following: 1. chorea 2. atetosis 3. tremor !. dystonia "nswer: 3 32. The autonomic ner%ous system includes any of the following E-E/T: 1. hypothalamus 2. para%ertebral sympathetic trun( 3. %agal ner%e !. cerebral corte, "nswer: ! 33. Bne of the most important functions of the autonomic ner%ous system is the following: 1. regulation of homeostasis 2. %oluntary mo%ements 3. coordination of mo%ements !. in%oluntary mo%ements "nswer: 1 3!. "ny of the following cranial ner%es has the parasympathetic nucleus E-E/T: 1. %agal 2. oculomotor 3. glossopharyngeal !. olfactory "nswer: ! 3). The presence of anosmia suggests damage to the following cranial ner%e: 1. 99 2. 9 3. 999 !. "nswer: 2 3+. Trigeminal ner%e impairment produces the following symptoms: 1. plegia in half of the face 2. ache paro,ysm in half of the face
3. disturbance of swallowing !. ache in half of the head "nswer: 2 30. The presence of *ell7s palsy suggests damage to the following cranial ner%e: 1. facial 2. optic 3. olfactory !. %estibular "nswer: 1 3. ;ysphagia dyphonia dysarthria together with tongue atrophy & depressed “gag refle, is called li(e following: 1. bulbar palsy 2. *ell7s palsy 3. pseudobulbar palsy !. bulbus olfactorius "nswer: 1 3. The disturbance of purposi%e mo%ement in absence of paresis & dyscoordination suggests the presence of the following: 1. dysle,ia 2. dysgnosia 3. dyspra,ia !. dysphasia "nswer: 3 !5.
Directions: Each question below contains si, suggested responses. Select all correct responses
#more than one$ to each question. !1. The symptoms of the lower motor neuron lesion are the following: 1. muscular spasticity 2. muscular flaccidity 3. deep refle,es depressed !. muscular wasting ). E
). depressed superficial refle,es +. *abins(y response positi%e "nswer: 23)+ !3. The following symptoms are the most common in cauda equine affection: 1. burning ache in legs 2. anesthesia in lower e,tremities & perineum 3. spastic paraplegia in legs !. bladder dysfunction ). flaccid paraplegia in legs +. anesthesia below nipples "nswer: 12!) !!.
3. depressed pupil reaction !. e,ophthalmus ). ptosis +. diplopia "nswer: 123 !. Symptoms typical for cerebellar affection are the following: 1. gait ata,ia 2. muscular hypotension 3. dyscoordination in e,tremities !. dysphasia ). paresis in e,tremities +. nystagmus "nswer: 123+ )5. The following symptoms are the most typical for polyneuropathy: 1. sensory loss in dermatomes 2. pain & numbness in e,tremities 3. anesthesia in distal parts of e,tremities !. hemianesthesia ). depressed an(le Der(s +. *abins(y response positi%e "nswer: 23) )1. 4emianopia may de%elop with damage in: 1. chiasma opticum 2. optic ner%e 3. frontal lobe !. optic tract ). occipital lobe +. thalamus opticus "nswer: 1!)+ )2. ;ysphasia may de%elop with damage in: 1. frontal lobe corte, 2. cerebellar corte, 3. temporal lobe corte, !. pons %arolii ). medulla +. hypoglossal ner%e "nswer: 13 )3. The higher cortical #cogniti%e$ dysfunction is the following: 1. dysphasia 2. dysphonia 3. dysle,ia !. dysmnesia ). dysdiadocho(inesis +. dysmetria "nswer: 13! )!. The following symptoms may de%elop with damage in hypothalamus: 1. panic attac(s 2. sweating disorder 3. face paresis !. hemianalgesia
). blood pressure disturbance +. cardiac rhythm disturbance "nswer: 12)+ )). The signs of intracranial hypertension are the following: 1. headache in the morning 2. nausea & %omiting 3. bradycardia !. papilledema ). loss of hearing +. panic attac( "nswer: 123! )+. The general #uni%ersal$ brain symptoms are the following: 1. headache 2. hemiparesis 3. ptosis !. loss of consciousness ). %omiting +. dysphasia "nswer: 1!) )0. The focal neurological symptoms are the following: 1. headache 2. hemiparesis 3. %omiting !. ptosis ). alteration of consciousness +. disturbance of coordination & balance "nswer: 2!+ ). asegue7s sign 3. @ery7s sign !. nec( stiffness ). *abins(y sign +. *rud?ins(y sign "nswer: 1!+ ). Symptoms typical for /ar(insonism are the following: 1. rest tremor 2. muscular “cog wheel rigidity 3. muscular flaccidity !. “mas( face ). intention tremor +. brady(inesia "nswer: 12!+ +5. 9n%oluntary mo%ements #hyper(inesis$ are the following syndromes: 1. chorea 2. brady(inesia 3. torsion dystonia !. atetosis ). “cog wheel rigidity +. paresis "nswer: 13!
+1.
Site of affection: 1. pyramidal tract 2. peripheral ner%e 3. blac( substance "nswer: 1' 2'" 3'*
+2. Site of affection: 1. blac( substance 2. caudate nucleus 3. pyramidal tract "nswer: 1'* 2' 3'" +3. Site of affection: 1. cerebellar 2. basal ganglia 3. pyramidal tract "nswer: 1' 2'" 3'* +!. Site of affection: 1. spinal root 2. brain 3. multiple ner%es "nswer: 1' 2'* 3'" +). >e%el of spinal cord affection: 1. 1'! 2. T0' 3. >)'S2 "nswer: 1'" 2' 3'* ++. *rain corte, area affection: 1. frontal lobe 2. temporal lobe 3. parietal lobe "nswer: 1'* 2'" 3' +0. ranial ner%e impairment: 1. facial 2. trigeminal 3. accessorial "nswer: 1'* 2' 3'"
*. “cog wheel rigidity . spasticity
Syndrome: ". central paralysis *. par(insonism . chorea
Syndrome: ". in%oluntary mo%ement *. hemiplegia . loss of balance
Type of ". *. .
sensory loss: polyneuropathic hemianesthesia segmental
Syndrome: ". spastic tetraplegia *. flaccid paraplegia . spastic paraplegia
Syndrome: ". 8ernic(e7s dysphasia *. *roca7s dysphasia . astereognosia
Supplied area: A. m.sternoclidomastoideus B. m.orbicularis oculi C. m.masseter
+. ranial ner%e impairment: 1. trigeminal Symptom: 2. glossopharingeal ". depressed corneal refle, 3. hypoglossal 1'"2'3'* *. atrophy of the tongue hange of muscles tone: . dysphagia ". flaccidity +.
05. oss of balance coordination & decreased muscles tone de%elop with damage in "nswer: cerebellar 02. 9n%oluntary mo%ements & /ar(insonism de%elop with damage in "nswer: basal ganglia 03. /tosis ophtalmoplegia midriasis de%elop with damage in cranial ner%e "nswer: oculomotor 999 0!. *lindness dis( atrophy impairment of pupil reaction de%elop with damage in cranial ner%e "nswer: optic 99 0). Synonym for polyneuropathic pattern of sensory loss is “ & type "nswer: “glo%es & stoc(ing 0+. *roca7s speech area is located in the corte, of lobe "nswer: left frontal
