UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
E.A.P.. DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL E.A.P
Curso:
Docente:
Alumnos:
0 a n i g á P
CURSO: INGENIRIA DE PROYECTOS II
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL LOSAS ALIGERADAS ALIGERADAS CON LADRILLO DE ARCILLA
I.
Contenido RESUMEN .................................................................................................................................................. 2
II.
ABSTRACT OR SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................... 2
III. KEY WORDS .............................................................................................................................................. 2 IV. INTRODUCCIÓN. ....................................................................................................................................... 3 V.
OBJETIVOS. ............................................................................................................................................... 3 1.
OBJETIVO GENERAL: .......................................................................................................................... 3
2.
OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS: ................................................................................................................ 3
VI. MARCO TEÓRICO. .................................................................................................................................... 3 1.
Losa aligerada. ....................................................................................................................................... 3 a)
Preparación de puesto de trabajo: ................................................................................................... 3
b)
Encofrado y desencofrado: ............................................................................................................... 4
c)
Armadura de acero: ........................................................................................................................... 4
d)
Colocación de ladrillos en nuestro caso: ......................................................................................... 4
e)
Vaciado de concreto:......................................................................................................................... 4
2.
Aspectos de planeación en la construcción: ........................................................................................ 5 a)
3.
Planeamiento y programación: ......................................................................................................... 5 Lean construction: .................................................................................................................................. 6
a)
Flujo de trabajo: ................................................................................................................................. 6
4.
Por qué se requieren herramientas para identificar las pérdidas? ............... ...................... .............. ............... ............... ........... 6
5.
Datos generales ..................................................................................................................................... 7
VII. ANÁLISIS Y DISCUSIÓN DE RESULTADOS. ......................................................................................... 8 Diagrama de Pareto para analizar las causas que producen los defectos más críticos. ......... ................. ............... ............. ......10 VIII. CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES. ......................................................................................... 32 IX. BIBLIOGRAFÍA. ........................................................................................................................................ 32 X.
PANEL FOTOGRÁFICO. ......................................................................................................................... 33
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL I. RESUMEN En el presente informe se mostrara el análisis de algunos trabajos (partidas) que se realizan en la construcción de una losa aligerada, haciendo mención al personal encargado de la elaboración de ésta y su distribución en obra, los materiales necesarios y la metodología que utilizan, así también se hará mención a los errores que con frecuencia se cometen en el proceso constructivo. II. ABSTRACT OR SUMMARY This report will show the analysis of some jobs (items) that are made in the construction of a stone lighter, referring to the staff responsible for processing and distribution in this work, the necessary materials and methodology used, so we will look at the the mistakes often committed in the construction process. III. KEY WORDS Process flow, cycle work, quality control, Pareto diagram, Ishikawa diagram, productive work, contributory, contributory not work, productivity.
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL IV. INTRODUCCIÓN. Las losas aligeradas se consideran como uno de los elementos más delicados en la construcción de vivienda, ya que una colocación incorrecta del acero de refuerzo puede llevarla al colapso sin necesidad de que sobrevenga un sismo. En este informe le le vamos a indicar algunos pasos y procedimientos procedimientos que se han realizado en el proceso constructivo de parte de la losa aligerada de entrepiso, el método que ha utilizado el personal, los los errores que se comenten con frecuencia en la construcción, y se mencionara de qué manera se los puede minimizar con métodos apropiados. Esperamos que este informe colme las expectativas que se tienen sobre parte del proceso constructivo que se realizan en la mayoría de losas en Cajamarca, y que pueden ser mejoradas utilizando otras filosofías.
V.
OBJETIVOS. 1. OBJETIVO GENERAL: Determinar el porcentaje de participación de la división del trabajo en obra, y analizar la eficiencia de la cuadrilla observada y efectuar e fectuar su mejora. 2. OBJETIVOS OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS: ESPECIFICOS: la losa y realizar los apuntes correspondientes Observar parte del proceso constructivo de la a errores que con frecuencia se cometen en campo. Determinar el tiempo productivo (TP), tiempo contributario (TP) y el tiempo no contributario (TNC).
VI.
MARCO TEÓRICO.
1. Losa aligerada. Son losas constituidas por viguetas de concreto y elementos livianos de relleno. Las viguetas van unidas entre si por una losa o capa superior de concreto. Los elementos de relleno están constituidos por ladrillos, bloques huecos o elementos livianos que sirven para aligerar el peso de la losa y además para conseguir una superficie uniforme de cielorraso. Partidas en la elaboración de una losa aligerada (proceso constructivo): a) Preparación de puesto de trabajo: Herramientas: Serrucho, escuadra, martillo, marco de sierra con segueta, gancho para amarrar el acero (bichiroque), pala, pica, palustre, flexómetro, hilo, lápiz. lápiz . Equipo: Mezcladora, andamio, escalera, baldes, carretilla. Materiales: Madera, (tablas, largueros, tacos), clavos de 3”,2”,2½“, acero de refuerzo, tuberías PVC
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL b) Encofrado y desencofrado: Se entiende por encofrado de losa y vigas a las piezas y tableros de madera u otro material, para que soporten el vaciado del hormigón con el fin de amoldarlo a la forma prevista, y conseguir una estructura final que cumpla con las formas, líneas y dimensiones de las losas que se especifican en planos y detalles del proyecto. Unidad de medida es el metro cuadrado (m2)
c) Armadura de acero: En esta partida se ha utilizado acero Corrugado ASTM A615- GRADO 60 de diámetros ¼” para estribos, 3/8” y ½” longitudinalmente para vigas y viguetas, alambre de amarre Nº16.
Proceso:
Interpretar plano estructural: En estos planos se muestra la forma de ubicar el acero en las vigas, nervios y el acero de temperatura el cual se coloca sobre el aligerante para evitar grietas en el concreto. Cortar y figurar el acero: ac ero: Se cortan las barras de acuerdo a la longitud que se da en los planos, interpretando y doblamos de acuerdo a lo que nos muestre el plano. Se coloca el acero en los espacios dejados entre el aligerante, sobre unas panelas de 2.5 cm de grueso para formar el recubrimiento, o según especifique espec ifique el plano estructural. Colocar el acero ac ero de temperatura sobre el aligerante, colocando c olocando malla electro soldada o varillas de diámetro ¼”, en las dos direcciones.
Instalación de ductos eléctricos: Estos son los tubos que se colocan entre la losa para luego introducir los cables de energía. Colocación de tuberías de desagües: Estas se colocan de acuerdo a los planos pero es importante recalcar que en losas que tienen poco no se deben colocar tuberías que atraviesen vigas, es mejor dejarlas colgadas por debajo de la losa y luego colocar un cielo falso para taparlas.
d) Colocación de ladrillos en nuestro caso: Se ha colocado ladrillo hueco de arcilla de 0.20 x 0.30 x 0.30. Nota: Cuando la losa lleve aligerante y en especial ladrillo, se debe remojar para evitar que este absorba el agua del hormigón después del vaciado lo que, se manifiesta con grietas de contracción en la capa superior de la losa después del fraguado.
e) Vaciado de concreto: Esta partida no se logró observar, pero por información del oficial se colocara un concreto de 210 kg/cm2.
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
El transporte más adecuado de tal manera que no se produzcan perturbaciones de la mezcla.
Nota: Las partidas se llevan a cabo una a continuación de otra, así pues se tiene que realizar el encofrado para después colocar las viguetas de la losa.
Corte de losa aligerada con ladrillo de arcilla
2. Aspectos de planeación en la construcción: Entre los aspectos mínimos que se deben de tomar en cuenta sin orden de importancia, para la correcta planeación son las siguientes:
Estudio minucioso del proyecto, esto sirve para conocer a detalle el proyecto para después poder tomar consideraciones. Se debe tomar en cuenta el ámbito del trabajo, esto incluye desde el estado del tiempo, condiciones laborales, relaciones públicas, aspectos políticos, sociales, económicos, etc. hasta una buena armonía en el trabajo. Se conoce que un trabajador si está a gusto en su lugar de trabajo, hace mejor las cosas así como un considerable aumento en su capacidad de trabajo. Recursos en general, disponibles para la correcta correc ta ejecución del mismo. Otro factor que se debe de tomar en cuenta, son el número de actividades que se desarrollarán. Es decir, la partida, conceptos, etc. para después darle un orden lógico y una buena coordinación. Tiempo disponible para su ejecución (si el cliente lo estipula) La cantidad de personal que estará en colaboración con las actividades mismas a desarrolla. No se debe de dejar de mencionar que esta mano de obra debe de tener la mejor disposición o experiencia para desarrollar cada una de las actividades o eventos en costo, calidad y tiempo.
Una vez analizado los puntos anteriores, se puede saber la duración del proyecto elemento importante para saber cuál sería el estado óptimo de trabajo en tiempo, o en su defecto, si s i se pone plazo específico de terminación, saber cuánta mano de obra tendrá que utilizar para cumplir con esa meta específica.
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
Análisis de la tecnología a utilizar. Desarrollo de las estrategias de ejecución del proyecto.
Programación:
Perspectiva de mediano y corto plazo. Se inicia con el planeamiento. Análisis en mayor grado de detalle en el mediano y corto plazo.
Es parte del planeamiento, formado por un plan de trabajo en mayor detalle en la cual se toman acciones para que pueda ser ejecutado. Nos permite:
Identificar las tareas a realizar en el tiempo correspondiente. Determinar si la cantidad de trabajo disponible es suficiente para los recursos existentes.
Objetivo de la programación:
Proteger el plan. Asegurar el flujo. Aprendizaje – mejora continua.
3. Lean construction: Lean construction es una nueva nu eva filosofía orientada hacia la administración de la producción pr oducción en construcción, cuyo objetivo fundamental es la eliminación de las actividades actividades que no agregan valor (pérdidas). El nuevo modelo denominado Lean construction (construcción sin pérdidas), propuesto por Lauri Koskela (1992), analiza los principios y las aplicaciones del JIT (justo a tiempo) y TQM (control total de la calidad) en la industria de la construcción, intentando identificar las bases que él define como “la nueva filosofía de producción”, conocida como lean production.
Lean construction introduce principios que cambian el marco conceptual de la administración del mejoramiento de la productividad y enfoca todos los esfuerzos a la estabilidad del flujo de trabajo.
a) Flujo de trabajo: Es el estudio de los aaspectos spectos operacionales operacionales de una aactividad ctividad de trabajo: cómo se estructuran las
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
Trabajo Productivo (TP): Es aquel tiempo que el trabajador destina a acciones de producción de alguna unidad de construcción. Trabajo Contributivo Contributivo (TC): Es aquel tiempo dedicado a labores de apoyo necesarias para que se realicen las acciones ac ciones productivas. Ejemplos de esta categoría categor ía son: Transporte, Aseo, Instrucción, Medición, etc. Trabajo No Contributivo (TNC): Es cualquier otra actividad que no corresponde a las categorías anteriores y que implica tiempo que no se aprovecha por diferentes causas. Ejemplos: Viajes, Descanso, Tiempo Ocioso, Necesidades Fisiológicas, etc.
El objetivo principal es establecer si la distribución de cuadrillas es adecuada, especialmente en aquellas actividades donde se utilizan ayudantes de construcción como apoyo a las labores productivas de los oficiales, presentándose tiempos muertos.
5. Datos generales Ubicación: ciudad de Cajamarca Área de terreno: 450 m2 Área a techar: 400 m2 Propietario: Raúl Pajares
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL VII.
ANÁLISIS Y DISCUSIÓN DE RESULTADOS.
Datos de campo sobre fallas en el proceso constructivo (de mayor a menor): TIPO DE FALLA O DEFECTOS Encofrado de losa Colocación y habilitación de acero Vaciado de losa Colocación de ladrillo
CONTEO 12 6 5 4
SUBTOTAL 12 18 23 27
Análisis de la tabla de fallas TIPO DE FALLA O DEFECTOS
N° de tramos Defectuosos
Total Acumulado
Porcentaje Parcial
Porcentaje acumulado
Encofrado de losa Colocación y habilitación de acero Vaciado de losa Colocación de ladrillo
12 6 5 4
12 18 23 27
44.44% 22.22% 18.52% 14.81%
44.44% 66.67% 85.19% 100.00%
DIAGRAMA DE PARETO
100.00% 100.00%
S O25 S O U T 20 C E F E 15 D S O10 M A R T 5 ° N
85.19%
80.00%
66.67%
60.00%
44.44%
40.00% 20.00%
0
0.00% E
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL FACTORES QUE OCASIONAN LA FALLA DE DISTRIBUCION DE PIES DERECHOS
MANO DE OBRA
MATERIALES Concentración
Experiencia Habilidad
Calidad
Cantidad
Animo Interés
En obra
En obra
Especie
Habilitado
Destreza
ENCOFRADO DE LOSA
Verticalidad
Dientes
Apuntalamiento
Encofrado Artesanal
Homogeneidad
Improvisación METODO
Martillo
Sierra
Mango
Marco EQUIPOS
9 a n i g á P
CURSO: INGENIRIA DE PROYECTOS II
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
Diagrama de Pareto para analizar las causas que producen los defectos más críticos. CAUSAS DE LOS EFECTOS Improvisación de encofrados Concentración en el trabajo Experiencia Habilitado de madera inadecuado Calidad de madera Especie de madera Verticalidad incorrecta TOTAL
CONTEO 9 7 7 6 5 5 3
SUBTOTAL 9 7 7 6 5 5 3 42
Confección de la tabla ordenada con causas de mayor a menor CAUSAS DE LOS EFECTOS Improvisación de encofrados Concentración en el trabajo Experiencia Habilitado de madera inadecuado Calidad de madera Especie de madera Verticalidad incorrecta TOTAL
N°defectos 9 7 7 6 5 5 3 42
Total acum. 9 16 23 29 34 39 42
% Parcial 21.43% 16.67% 16.67% 14.29% 11.90% 11.90% 7.14%
%Acumulado 21.43% 38.10% 54.76% 69.05% 80.95% 92.86% 100.00%
Diagrama de pareto de causas que producen defecto en el encofrado de losa
100.00%
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL Efectos del mejoramiento causa – efecto CAUSAS DE LO EFECTOS Improvisación de encofrados Concentración en el trabajo Experiencia Habilitado de madera inadecuado Calidad de madera Especie de madera Verticalidad incorrecta CONCLUSION
CORRECCIONES PERTINENTES Se debe contar con plano de encofrados Se debe motivar a los trabajadores Se de brindar una enseñanza en campo Realizar habilitar la madera en forma homogénea Contar con madera estructural Roble, Tornillo, Moena Plomada de pies derechos REDUCCION DE CAUSAS MENOS DEFECTOS
Tabla de minimización de las fallas o defectos.
TIPO DE FALLA O DEFECTOS Colocación y habilitación de acero Encofrado de losa Vaciado de losa Colocación de ladrillo
N° tramos def. 8 7 3 3
Tot.acumulado
%Parcial
%Acumulado
8 15 18 21
38.10% 33.33% 14.29% 14.29%
38.10% 71.43% 85.71% 100.00%
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL MEDICIÓN DE CAMPO OBRA: Construcción de losa aligerada ACTIVIDAD: Encofrado de losa CUADRILLA: 1 Oficial + 1 Peón NIVEL: Segundo piso HORA DE INICIO: 10:00 am N° de mediciones Cuadrilla TP:TIEMPO PRODUCTIVO Medir(M) Colocación del cordel(CC) Armar encofrado(AE) Colocar alambre de amarra(AL) N° de mediciones Cuadrilla TP:TIEMPO PRODUCTIVO Medir(M) Colocación del cordel(CC) Armar encofrado(AE) Colocar alambre de amarra(AL)
HORA DE TERMINO: 11:00 am 2 4 O P O P x
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P x
x x x
x
x x
x
x x
x x
x x
x x
x x
x x
x x x x x 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P x x x
N° de mediciones
CURSO: INGENIRIA DE PROYECTOS II
x x
x x x
x
x
x
x 2
x
x
x
x
x x 4
6
8
x
10
12
14
16
2 1 a
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
n i g á P
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL Cuadrilla TC: TRABAJO CONTRIBUTORIO Cortar alambre de amarra (CAA) Habilitar encofrado (HE) N° de mediciones Cuadrilla TC: TRABAJO CONTRIBUTORIO Cortar alambre de amarra (CAA) Habilitar encofrado (HE)
O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P x
x
x
x x x x x x x x x 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P x
N° de mediciones Cuadrilla TNC: TRABAJO NO CONTRIBUTORIO Parado (P) Conversando ( C) N° de mediciones Cuadrilla TNC: TRABAJO NO CONTRIBUTORIO Parado (P) Conversando ( C)
x
x
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P x
x x x
x 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P x
x x x x x
x
x x x
x
x x x x x x x 3 1 a n i g á P
CURSO: INGENIRIA DE PROYECTOS II
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL Actividades desempeñadas por la cuadrilla N° Medición 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42
Oficial
Peón
CAA HE M,HE CAA HE HE CAA HE HE AL,HE P HE AL,HE AL M AL,CAA AL,C M,C M C P
AE M CC CC,P CC,AE CC,AE CC,AE CC,AE CC,AE AE,C AE,P CC,AE CC,AE M AE,C AE,P C AE,C AE AE AE
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL OFICIAL TP TC 5 0 0 6 6 9
TNC
M CC AE AL CAA HE P 5 C 8 TOTAL 11 15 13 39 % 28.21% 38.46% 33.33%
TNC
M CC AE AL CAA HE P 6 C 6 TOTAL 34 0 12 46 % 87.18% 0.00% 30.77%
RESUMEN DE DISTRIBUCION DE TRABAJO N° medidas %Particip. TP 45 52.94% TC 15 17.65% TNC 25 29.41% TOTAL 85 100.00% CARTA DE BALANCE
PEON TP TC 3 9 21 1 0 0
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 MEDIR COLOCAR CORDEL ARMAR ENCOFRA COL.ALAMBRE AMARRA TIEMPO CONTRIBUTORIO
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
Desglose del trabajo productivo productivo 35.00% 30.00% 25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00%
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
Distribucion del tiempo de la Distribucion cuadrilla en el encofrado de la losa
29%
Tiempo productivo Tiempo contributorio
53%
Tiempo no contributorio
18%
Distribución del tiempo del oficial: TIEMPO
OFICIAL
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
Distribucion del tiempo del peon en Distribucion el encofrado de la losa
26%
Tiempo productivo Tiempo contributorio
0% 74%
FLUJOGRAMA FLUJOGRAMA DE ENCOFRADOS: ENCOFRADOS: DISTRIBUCION EN PLANTA
Tiempo no contributorio
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
Peón deja los materiales y equipo cerca del lugar de encofrado Peón coge el cordel Peón coge el martillo Peón
nivela
y
coloca
el
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL FACTORES QUE OCASIONAN LA FALLA DE LA COLOCACIÓN Y HABILITACION DE ACERO
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL DIAGRAMA DE PARETO PARA ANALIZAR LAS CAUSAS QUE PRODUCEN EL DEFECTO MÁS CRÍTICO: CRÍTICO: COLOCACIÓN COLOCACIÓN Y HABILITACION DE ACERO TIPO DE FALLA O DEFECTOS Cortado del acero Doblado Traslape
CONTEO SUBTOTAL IIII-IIII 10 IIII-II 6 IIII 4
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL EFECTOS DEL MEJORAMIENTO CAUSA - EFECTO Después de analizar los diagramas de Pareto, se hacen las correcciones pertinentes analizando cada causa que ocasiona el defecto y se procede en forma iterativa CAUSA
DE
LOS Correcciones pertinentes
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL OBRA: CONSTRUCCION DE LOSA ALIGERADA. ACTIVIDAD: COLOCACIÓN DE VIGUETAS Y LADRILLO HUECO. CUADRILLA: 1 OFICIAL + 1PEON NIVEL: SEGUNDO PISO HORA DE INICIO: 8:00 a.m. HORA DE TÉRMINO: 8:40 a.m.
TOMA DE DATOS
N° DE 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 MEDICIONES Cuadrilla O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P O P TP=Trabajo productivo Colocar ladrillo * * * * * * * * * * * * * hueco (CL) * * * * * * * * * * Colocar viguetas (CV)
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
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