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1 Cascading Style Sheets....................................................................................10 1.1 HTML without CSS.........................................................................................11 1.2 Internal style sheet.......................................................................................13 1.3 External style sheet......................................................................................15 1.4 Inline style sheet............................................................................................17 1.5 Multiple style sheet .......................................................................................18 2 Text..............................................................................................................................22 3 Font..............................................................................................................................25 4 Links............................................................................................................................27 5 Lists.............................................................................................................................29 6 Tables..........................................................................................................................33 7 Diisions....................................................................................................................36 8 !ody background.................................................................................................40 9 "ositioning ...............................................................................................................46 10 Co#binators.........................................................................................................51 11 $allery......................................................................................................................58 12 CSS3 ..........................................................................................................................64 13 Transitions..............................................................................................................64 14 %ni#ations............................................................................................................66 15 Multiple Colu#ns...............................................................................................69 16 &e-si'ing.................................................................................................................71 17 Shadows..................................................................................................................72 18 !order &adius.......................................................................................................74 19 $radients................................................................................................................76 20 Displaying Texts..................................................................................................78 21 வர......................................................................................................................82 22 ஆச!" #$.............................................................................................................83 23 ஆச!% &' (%)*க+......................................................................................84 24 க,!ம #$............................................................................................................. 86 25 %பகரட..................................................................................................................89
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1 Cascading Style Sheets Cascadin' Style Sheets எJ2த CSS எJ4ண&!"ப64. இ (T)"
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Gத?ல style sheets எணதU+ யJ6த)ல ='w+ html நQண5 )/62) யJ6A ,- 'ண5த$ணத @-'!*2'+. VJ: %2த 'ண5த$ணத css-ƒப யJ6A எr'w @-'!*' எJw !"5+.
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1.2 Internal style sheet 1nternal style sheet- ƒப யJ6A 2)3"fI %2த 'ண5த$ணத @-'!*'த3": நQல VJ'-)w %ண)U+ .
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இ#* h + ! - !*; @;$ண' எJ=:J: 8த#"ளல %ண)!"பI 2'f6+ எ]+ 8'Q#"=$ல5+ த1ய" style ta' - !*; ="6!"ப/(-பணத "'1!"+. இ எப2+ head ta' - !*; %ண)U+. h+ ! -J )Aப"; %ண:ணதU+ -!*; ="6!" 2'f6+. இத3*; @;$ )Aப"; )34-2'f(ய6)Aப 7 )34-2'f(ய 6)Aப 7 )34-2'f(ய6)Aப 7 எ]+ 8தAல %ண)U+.
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3 Font font-family எJ எR!"ளJ 'ண"ணய! *FபVI @த+ . இதJ )Aப" 5 எR 'ண"ணய! *FபV6'தJ 5+ :>Times 8ew 9oman>+ Times+ seri*<+ Gதல )Aப இலண5=ய1ல இQfI' 'ண"PB++ இQfI'+ இலண5=ய1ல 3-' 'ண"PB+ எR!"ண$ ='ளப6+. font-style எJ எR'ண" எr8தAல ='ளபI 2'f6+ எJணத! *F!*+. இ 8ormal+ 1talic+ Bold+ DbliEue எJ 2J4 )AபVண:ப =3w 8$#*+. font-size எJ எR!"ளJ %$8ண:! *F!*+ . இ !-%525 %ல5 em-%525 *FபVIப6+.
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4 Links ,- link-ƒ %&*6த color+ *ont-*amily+ *ont si,e எJw 2)3†Fய %ண: 8„ய#"ண$U+ யJ6த5+ . இண' %ண:+ ‡L'-+ J* 8த#"9!*; 'ணQயw!"ப6+. a:link F ,- link எr'w இ-!" 2'f6+ எJணத 'ணQயw!4. a:hover F )ouse cursor- ƒ %Dத link-J %-2" ="f6 =>லB+2 %Dத link எr'w "/7யள!" 2'f6+ எJ இ#* 'ணQயw!"ப64. a:active F %Dத link-J ˆ =>6!*+2 % எr'w "/7யள!" 2'f6+ எJ இ#* 'ணQயw!"ப64. a:visited F %Dத link-ƒ =>6!யVJ % எr'w "/7யள!" 2'f6+ எJ இ#* 'ணQயw!"ப64.
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5 Lists ='" (T)"-ல Drdered list எJ +2+3... எ: 'ண>ப6தப/6++ nordered list எJ ;ள"; 5+ 'ண>ப6தப/6+ "ப6+. j:ல CSS-ல %'3ண4=யல5+ + 8-++ Gண4Pல 'ண>ப6த G(U+ . ,- */( Iணத! ="f2I %ல5+ :a+b+c...<+ :1+ 11+ 111< + :A+B+C..< எJ 2Jw எDத 'ண"Pல 2'f6):B+ 'ண>ப6த5+. இ VJ'-)w . $y#es of $esting
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Display எJதJ )Aப 1nline எJF-!*+ 2 list-ல @;$ண'
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6 Tables CSS-ல tables-ƒ %&*6த %'3FJ ,r='- %#"#"9+ த1த1ய"! *FபVIப6J4:. VJ'-+ @தQAல table எr'w இ-!" 2'f6+ + table headin' எr'w இ-!" 2'f6++ table data எr'w இ-!" 2'f6+ எJw த1த12ய *FபVIப/6;$.
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table )%idth+G, %idth+IG, border+ .#( solid red, border*colla#se+ colla#se,-
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no-re!eat j: Iணத ='" இIப!"Aல )/6+ %ண)!*+ . இதண: '5ப!"+ )34 no-re!eat ri'ht to! எJw ="6!" 2'f6+. இ VJ'-)w. body )background+ url3"image&gif"6no*re#eat right to#,-
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%6 u5'/(ல )/6+ I+ ='ளப6)w =>Hய re!eat- எ:++ !"'/(ல )/6+ I+ ='ளப6)w =>Hய re!eat-y எ:++ ="6!" 2'f6+. இண' VJ'-)w. body )background+ url3"image&gif"6re#eat*(,-
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body )background+ url3"image&gif"6re#eat*y,-
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$ %ositioning Iositionin'- ƒப யJ6A 'ண5த$ப !"#"ளல ,-75
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இ#* to!65!7 ri'ht630!7 எJw ="6தB+ '"; இயல: 8தAல ='ளப6'ணத "'1!"+. osition : !xed எJw ="6!*+ 2 + ="6A-!*+ to!65!7 ri'ht630!7 எ]+ )Aப!* Š3 '5ப4AB++ 2)34AB+ இI+8/6 %Dத ' ='ளப6'ணத "'1!"+. இ VJ'-)w.
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Co'binato"s
Combinator எJ இQf6 selector-!* இணIPல %ண)!"ப6+ ,@4 j*+. div எr'w %ண)!"பI 2'f6++ ! எr'w %ண)!"பI 2'f6+ எJ=தல5+ selectors. இண' இQfணIU+ இண Š2த]+ ,Jw =>ல5ப6)PJ % combinator j*+. div p " ----- # : இr'w div+ ! எ]+ இQf6 selector-!*+ இணIPல இணI='ள 8/6 style-ƒ! *FபV/2I):ல+ %Dத style-j: div !*; இ-!*+ !-!* )/62) =-D+.
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div+ ! எ]+ இQf6 selector-!*+ இணIPல இ-Dதல div-!* ='ள2ய இ-!*+ !-!* )/62) ="6!"ப6+ style =-D+.
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<#> ont 9ieu#: ;ee# on $rying: <#>en though it seems to be im#ossible5 t %ill ha##en in your life one day& <#>All the ery best friends: <#> ait to see the miracle in your life::::::
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div $ p " ----- # : div+ ! எ]+ இQf6 selector-!*+ இணIPல K "ப(J div-ƒ =தID @I:(ய" '-+ !-!* )/62) ="6!"ப6+ style =-D+.
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div % p " ----- # : div+ ! எ]+ இQf6 selector-!*+ இணIPல இ-Dதல div !*; இ-!*+ !-!* )/62) style =-D+. j:B+ %Dத !j: 2'w Š2த]+ ,- ta'-!*; 7!!="fIல %'3w!* style =-Dத.
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<#> ont 9ieu#: ;ee# on $rying: <#>en though it seems to be im#ossible5 t %ill ha##en in your life one day& <#>All the ery best friends: <#> ait to see the miracle in your life::::::
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(alle"y
allery எJ ,2Q %$85: ல2'w I#"ளJ =த*ப j*+ . allery-!*; இ-!*+ ,r='- IAJ ˆ =>Jw =>6!*+ 2++ %த3": GR I+ =ய %$8ல ='ளப6+ . இ 2J4 ,- 'allery-ƒ @-'!*'த3": நQல VJ'-)w %ண)U+ .
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இ#* style-!*; Gத5'த" ="6!"ப/(-!*+ div.one எJ one எ]+ =ய ="fI division எr'w %ண)!"பI 2'f6+ எ]+ 8'Qணத %ள!4. VJ: %த3*; @;$ im'-J u5 %"5 @யQ 8'Q+ இQfI' 'Pல ="6!"ப/6;$ . J4' 'Pல cursor எDத ima'e-J ˆ =>ல42த %Dத ima'e border )/6+ u5 ந4Aல )w+ 'f+ a6hover எJ ="6!"ப/6;$. "ணI7ய" @;$ 'ய: one எ]+ =ய division-!*; two எ]+ =ய ="fI )3=4- division-ƒ www.kaniyam.com
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@-'! %த3*; ima'e-ƒ Q" ண'!" @த4. %6த(ய" allery-!*; எDத ima'e-J ˆ cursor =>ல42த %Dத ima'e )/6+ =தள'" =தU+(U+ + )34ண'=யல5+ >3w )#"5" இ-!*+ (U+ %ண)பத3* D!acity எ]+ f யJ64. இதJ )Aப 00-?-D *ண4ய! *ண4ய ima'e-J =தள )#"5! ="f2I =>லB+. இ VJ'-)w.
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#2
1/% )3w+ %த3*+ *ண4Dத version- "ளல lter6al!ha:o!acityF40<7 எJw ="6!" 2'f6+. இலண5=ய1ல o!acity60.47 எJw ="6தல 2):.
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#3
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CSS3
CSS3 எJ GR!" GR!" =>யலGண4Pல =>H )& 2'f(ய ,- 8„ய+ . இத3* J எJ:தJ screenshot எ6! "/(:B+ @#"$ல @Q G(ய . எ:2' இத3": "-"ண$ )/6+ J 8$!*24J. u#"2$ இதண: =>H )R#"; .
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T"ansitions
,-75 'ண5த$ப !"#"ளல ,- 7J: =/(!*; ,-75 எR!"; "ப6+. + %தJˆ cursor-ƒ! ="f6 =>J4ல+ %Dதப =/( ="\>+ ="\>)" ,- *FபV/I %$ 'ணQ =த %த3*; @;$ண' =தள'" =தU+ . VJ: %A?-D cursor-ƒ எ6!*+2 %தJ %$ ˆf6+ ="\>+ ="\>)"! *ண4D %தJ ண&ய நண5!* A-++. இ2Jw 8'ணID ‰-#*)w ,- division-ƒ )3w'த3* transition எ]+ f யJ64. Gத?ல ,- >தQ div ;div ƒ !ro'ram-ல @-'!8/6 VJ: %த3": style section- ல VJ'-)w ="6!"+. di )%idth+ 1#(, height+ 1#(, background+ red, transition+ %idth 1s5 height 1s,di+hoer )%idth+ .#(, height+ .#(,-
இ 00! u$G+ %"5G+ ="fI divition-ƒ 300! 'ணQ 8'ணIய =>HU+. %த' 00! u$G+ %"5G+ ="fI ,www.kaniyam.com
#4
division-J ˆ cursor-ƒ! ="f6 =>லB+2+ % 300! 'ணQ 8'ணIய 2'f6+ எJணத div6hover எJ *F!4. %r'w 8'ணIU+ ந"L': second- !*; ந"& 2'f6+ எJ transition-J )Aப" div !ro!erty-!*; ="6!"ப/6;$.
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எJw ="6!*+2+ நமI+ "ழ '-+ %6த நமI!*; division-ƒ 8'ணIயT =>HU+ . Transform: Trans*orm எJ எr'ண"Pல 8'ணIய 2'f6+ எJணத! *F!4. di+hoer )%idth+ .#(, height+ .#(, transform+ rotate318deg6-
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#5
எJw ="6தல %0 de'ree-ல ‰&Jw ="f2I 300! 'ணQ 8'ணIU+ . இDத de'ree-J )Aபண &0+ %0+ 3#0+ 200 எJ=4ல5+ ="6 ந"R+ 8ண$ய/ணI Q7!"+ .
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)ni'ations
Animation எJ 'ண5த$ப !"#"ளல இ#*+ %#*)"
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##
animation6 nithya 5s7 எJ LnithyaL எ]+ =ய ="fI 5 second!*; இய#" 'ல5 animation-ƒ @-'!*+. இதJ =தIT7ய" 2s எ]+ )AபVண: இண!*+2+ % animation-ƒ 2 நமI+ "ழ =தI#*+ :animation6 nithya 5s 2s7<. ='" animation-j: ,Gண4 இய# G(D 86+ . % =தID ந"LD ="f2I இ-!" 2'f6+ எJ4ல innite எ]+ 'ணதணய *FபVI 2'f6+ :animation6 nithya 5s 2s innite7<. . &keyframes6
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%6த(ய" ,r='- இIA3* "-+=R+ %தJ ந4+ )w)w =>Hய back'round-color எ]+ fVண: VJ'-)w key*rames - !*; இண!"5+. 25Nback'round-color6 yellow7 le*t6200!7 to!60!7
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*#lti+le Col#'ns
='" =>HAதளல "ப6+ '"; ல2'w columns-!*; )I# 7w 7w *A"$" =>HA"ண$ ='ளப6+ . இ2J4 ,- %ண)பVண: 'ண5த$Aல @-'!" column-count எ]+ f யJ64. Gத?ல ,- >தQ !ara'ra!h-ƒ VJ'-)w !ro'ram-ல @-'!8/6 VJ: %த3": style section-ல ‡2& @;$'w ="6!"+. <#>
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இ ="6!"ப/6;$ !ara'ra!h-ƒ த1த1ப *A"$"ப V %தண: 3 column-ல ='ளப6+. ,r='- column-!*+ இணIPல Š2த]+ இணI='ள %ண)!" 8-+V:ல column-'a!6 40!7 எ:+ ="6!"5+. %Dத இணI='ளPல 2"6 2I 8-+V:ல columnrule எ]+ f யJ6+. column-rule6 ! solid li'htblue7 இAல ! எJ 2"/(J %IAணயU++ solid எJ AI): 2"/ணIU+ + li'htblue எJ %!2"/(3* %ள!"ப6+ ந4ணதU+ *F!*+. 2)25 @;$ !ara'ra!h-ல h-!*; @;$ ' )/6+ எDத column!*;9+ %I#8I)ல %ண: column-J ˆ+ =தU)w ="6!" 8-+V:ல+ column-s!an எ]+ f யJ6+. இ style section- !*; VJ'-)w %ண)U+ . h1 )column*s#an+ all,-
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,e-si.ing
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Shado/s
Shadows எJ ந&ல 2J4 '('ணத @-'!"ப யJ64 . tet-shadow எJ எR!"ண$ ந&BIJ ='ளப6த+ + boshadow எJ =/(Pண: ந&BIJ ='ளப6த+ யJ6+ f"; j*+. %r'w ='ளப6+ ந&?ண: 'f#"9IJ ='ளப6தல+ %Dத ந&?J %"5ணத %A"ப6தல 2J4
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இ#* tet-shadow-J Gதல இQf6 )Aப"$"! "ப6+ 2! 2! எJ %Dத ந&?J u$ %"5 )Aப"ண$! *F!4 . %தJ =தIT7ய" @;$ 5! red எJ %Dத ந&?J ந4ணதU++ %Dத ந4+ எr'$ )#"$" =தய 2'f6+ எJணத !iel-ளB+ *FபV64.
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இ#* border-radius J )Aப ='w+ 25! எ: இ-பதல+ border-J J* ண5"9+ 25!-!* 'ண$!"ப/6 86+. ,r='- ண5U+ எDத %$83* 'ண$!"பI 2'f6+ எJணத த1த12ய †4 8-+V:ல border-radius6 5! 25! 50! 00!7 எJw த1த1ய"+ ="6!"5+.
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இ linear-'radient j*+. ந4#"; 2)?-D ‡&"! "5!"ப6+. இதண: இIம-D '5)"! "5!" 8-+V:ல+ linear-'radient:to ri'ht+ red+ blue< எJw ="6!"5+.
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