Ingles Comercial

5/10/2018

InglesComercial-slidepdf.com

Commercial English Lessons

Nice to meet you The alphabet El abecedario

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z LYNCH HOUSTON CHAN SPIELBERG

L-Y-N-C-H H-O-U-S-T-O-N C-H-A-N S-P-I-E-L-B-E-R-G

Escribe cada letra de tu apellido en las casillas y trata de deletrearlo... þÿ þÿ

þÿ þÿ

þÿ þÿ

þÿ þÿ

What's your name? My name is ...

þÿ

þÿ þÿ

þÿ

¿Cuál es tu nombre? Mi nombre es ...

What's your name?

What's his name?

What's her name?

My name is Jennifer.

His name is Michael.

Her name is Nicole.

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Commercial English Lessons ENGLISH Normal

ESPAÑOL

Contracted

I am You are He is She is It is We are You are They are

Normal

I'm You're He's She's It's We're You're They're

Yo soy, estoy Tú eres, estás El es, está Ella es, está El/Ella es, está Nosotros/as somos, estamos Ustedes son, están Ellos/as son, están

What ___ her name? are is its

¿How old ___ they? is are am The application ___ easy to complete. is are am


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Commercial English Lessons this

ésta, éste

that

éso, ésa, aquello, aquella

these éstas, éstos those ésos, ésas, aquéllos, aquéllas

SINGULAR a

PLURAL

un, una

some an

un, una

unos, unas, algunos, algunas

ENGLISH

ESPAÑOL

Normal

Contracted

Am I? Are you? Is he? Is she? Is it?

-

Are we?

-

Are you? Are they?

Normal

Contracción ¿Soy/Estoy? ¿Eres/Estás? ¿Es/Está? (El) ¿Es/Está? (Ella) ¿Es/Está? (El o Ella)

-

¿Soy/Estoy yo? ¿Eres/Estás tú? ¿Es/Está él? ¿Es/Está ella? ¿Es/Esta él? ¿Es/Está ella? ¿Somos/Estamos nosotros? ¿Son/Están ustedes?

-

¿Son/Están ellos/as?

Ustedes) ¿Son/Están? (para Ellos/as)

¿Somos/Estamos? ¿Son/Están? (para


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Commercial English Lessons 1. -----------you Orlando? 2. -------------they Steven and Jessica?

3. ------------she Susan Lynch? 4.------------ you Martha and

Yes, they are. Yes, she is.

Jennifer?

Yes, we are.

5. --------------he in Colombia?

Yes, he is.

6------------------ I in Spain? 7. ---------she in Venezuela? 8. ------------Lisa and Martin in Chile?

NEGATIVE

Yes, you are. Yes, she is. Yes, they are.

NEGATIVO

ENGLISH Normal

Yes, I am.

ESPAÑOL

Contracted

Normal

Contracción

I am not

I'm not

Yo no soy/estoy

No soy/estoy

You are not

You're not You aren't He's not He isn't She's not She isn't It's not It isn't We're not

Tú no eres/estás

No eres/estás

El no es/está

No es/está (para El) No es/está (para Ella) No es/está (para El o Ella) No somos

We aren't You're not You aren't They're not They aren't

Nosotros/as no estamos No estamos Ustedes no son/están No son/están (para Ustedes) Ellos/as no son/están No son/están (para Ellos o Ellas)

He is not She is not It is not We are not You are not They are not

Ella no es/está El/Ella no es/está Nosotros/as no somos


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Commercial English Lessons Are you in Spain? (Buenos Aires)

2. Is she in El Salvador? (Chile) 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Is he Martin Lynch? (Robert Lynch) Are they in Bolivia? (Bolivia) Are we in Perú? (Colombia) Is Argentina in America? (America) Is she Nicole? (Deborah) Are Lisa and Michelle in Mexico? (Uruguay)

My name is Patricia and I am a teacher, your name is .......... and you are ............, her name is................ and he is .............. WHAT is your last name? (It's) Oliveira Fernandez.

¿CUÁL es tu apellido? (Es) Oliveira Fernandez.

WHAT are your first and middle names? (They're) Monica Gabriela. WHAT is the Louvre like? It's fantastic !! WHAT color are taxis in Spain? They're black and yellow.

¿CUÁLES son tu primer y segundo nombres? (Son) Monica Gabriela. ¿CÓMO es el Louvre? ¡Es fantástico! ¿DE QUÉ color son los taxis en España? Son negros y amarillos.

WHERE is my book? It's under the address briefcase. WHERE in Argentina is Ushuaia? It's in Tierra del Fuego.

¿DÓNDE está mi agenda? Está debajo del portafolios. ¿EN QUÉ PARTE de Argentina está Ushuaia? Está en Tierra del Fuego.

WHO is this gentleman? He's Mr. Ronald., the manager WHO are they?

¿QUIÉN es este señor? Es el Sr. Ronald., ele encargado ¿QUIÉNES son?

They're Muller. Marta and Santiago

Son Marta y Santiago Muller.


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Commercial English Lessons Possessive Nouns My

Mío

your Tuyo, suyo) His

De él

Her

De ella

Its

De ello nuestro, nuestra, nuestros, nuestras (de nosotros)

our

your

su (de ustedes) vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras (de vosotros)

their su, sus (de ellos o ellas) This is my umbrella. This is your book. This is our classroom.

Este es mi paraguas. Este es tu libro. Esta es nuestra aula.

These are Robert's keys.

Estas son las llaves de Robert. Estas son sus llaves.

These are his keys.

These are Sarah's glasses. Estos son los anteojos de Sara. These are her glasses. Estos son sus anteojos. Mrs. Lee is Katherine and

La Sra. Lee es la profesora

Daniel's teacher. She is their teacher.

de Katherine y Daniel. Ella es su profesora.

Is this Alice's umbrella?

¿Es éste el paraguas de Alice? Sí, es. No, no es.

Yes, it is. No, it's not. Are these Daniel's keys? Yes, they are.

¿Son éstas las llaves de Daniel? Sí, son.

No, they're not.

No, no son.


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Commercial English Lessons Is this your book? ¿Es este tu libro? Victor: Lisa: Victor:

Excuse me, are you Jennifer Wan? No, I'm not. She's over there. I'm sorry. .......

Excuse me, are you Jennifer Wan? Jennifer: Yes, I am. Victor: I think this is your book. Jennifer: You're right. It's my English book. Thank you. By the way, I'm Victor: Victor Garcia. Jennifer: It's nice to meet you, Victor. Victor:

Discúlpame, ¿eres Jennifer Wan? No, no soy. Ella está por allí. Lo siento. ....... Discúlpame, ¿eres Jennifer Wan? Sí, soy. Creo que este es tu libro. Tienes razón. Es mi libro de Inglés. Gracias. A propósito, soy Víctor García. Un gusto conocerte

Are you from Canada? Yes, I am. No, I'm not. Is Mary from New Zealand? Yes, she is. No, she's not. = No, she isn't. Is this handbag from Korea? Yes, it is. No, it's not. = No, it isn't. Are you and Lisa Chinese? Yes, we are. No, we're not. = No, we aren't. Are they from Japan? Yes, they are. No, they're not. = No, they aren't.


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Commercial English Lessons COUNTRY / PAÍS Colombia Egypt England Italy Poland Lebanon India Cambodia Turkey Venezuela Vietnam Peru

NATIONALITY / NACIONALIDAD

Colombian Egyptian English Italian Polish Lebanese Indian India Cambodia Cambodian Turkish Turquía Venezuela Venezuelan Vietnam Vietnamese Perú Peruvian Colombia Egipto Inglaterra Italia Polonia Líbano

Colombiano/a Egipcio/a Inglés/a Italiano/a Polaco/a Libanés/a Hindú Cambodiano/a Turco/a Venezolano/a Vietnamita Peruano/a

Listening: Presentation

Paulo:

Mom and Dad, this is Tom Hayes.

Tom:

Tom, these are my parents. Pleased to meet you, Mr. and Mucho gusto (en conocerlos), Sr. Mrs. Tavares. y Sra. Tavares.

Mrs. Nice to meet you, Tom. Tavares:

Mamá y papá, este es Tom Hayes. Tom, estos son mis padres.

Encantada (de conocerte), Tom.

Paulo:

My parents are here from Brazil. Mis padres llegaron de Brasil. They're on vacation. Están de vacaciones.

Tom:

Oh, where are you from in Brazil? We're from Rio.

Mr. Tavares:

Ah, ¿De qué parte de Brasil son ustedes? Somos de Río (de Janeiro).


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Commercial English Lessons Numbers

1: One uno 6: Six

2: Two dos 7: Seven

3: Three tres 8: Eight

4: Four cuatro 9: Nine

5: Five cinco 10: Ten

seis 11: Eleven once

siete13: Thirteen ocho 14:nueve diez 12: Twelve Fourteen 15: Fifteen doce trece catorce quince 17: 20: 16: Sixteen 18: Eighteen 19: Nineteen Seventeen Twenty diediseis diedisiete dieciocho diecinueve veinte

21: Twenty- 22: Twenty- 23: Twenty-

24: Twenty-

25: Twenty-

one two three four veintiuno veintidos veintitres veinticuatro 26: Twenty- 27: Twenty- 28: Twenty- 29: Twenty-

five veinticinco

six

veintiseis

seven

veintisiete

eight

veintiocho

nine

veintinueve

30: Thirty treinta

31: Thirty-one treinta y uno

40: Forty cuarenta

50: Fifty cincuenta 100: One

60: Sixty sesenta 200: Two

70: Seventy setenta 300: Three

Eighty 80: ochenta

Ninety 90: noventa

hundred

hundred

hundred

110: One hundred ten

115: One

cientodiez

hundred fifteen

cientoquince

cien 224: Two

doscientos 251: Two

trescientos 314: Three

hundred twenty-four

hundred fortyone

hundred fourteen

doscientos doscientos veinticuatro cincuenta y uno

trescientos catorce

Tell the number! My credit car number is ...... Describing things What is this? What is it like?


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a hairbrush un cepillo de pelo

an address book una agenda

a driver's license

a comb

a wallet

un peine

una billetera

una licencia de conducir

credit cards

keys

pens

glasses /eyeglasses

tarjetas de crédito

llaves

lapiceras

anteojos/gafas

My eyegasses are violet and small My credit card is blue and yellow Where are de grapes?

in

next to

on

under

behind

in front of


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Listening: The colors

What color is the suit? The suit is gray. / It's gray.

¿De qué color es el traje? El traje es gris. / Es gris.

¿De qué color las botas? Whatboots colorare aregreen. the boots? The / They're green. Las botas son son verdes. / Son verdes.

The suit is gray

The blouse is white

The skirt is dark green

The dress is pink

The slacks are light brown

El traje es gris

La blusa es blanca

La pollera es verde oscuro

El vestido es rosa

Los pantalones son marrón claro

The shirt is light blue

The tie is orange

The coat is beige

The shorts are white

The running shoes are purple

La camisa es celeste

La corbata es naranja

El abrigo es beige

Los pantalones cortos son blancos

Las zapatillas son violetas


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The hat is black

The boots are green

The scarf is yellow

The T-shirt is red

The shoes are grey

El sombrero es negro

Las botas son verdes

La bufanda es amarilla

La camiseta es roja

Los zapatos son grises

wristwatch

blue jean

bathing suit

neckties

high heels

pajamas

reloj pulsera

vaquero

traje de baño

corbatas

tacos altos

pijama

I have an idea! To have (tener)

I have

We have

You have

You have

He has/She has They have

It has

I have a red scarf, but not a pair of trousers My scarf is red


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Commercial English Lessons 1) Ask the shop __________ where the washing powder is.

2) That _____________ sells very good meat.

a) nurse

a) baker

b) assisstant. c) writer

b) butcher c) florist

d) butcher

d) tailor

a) actor

a) architect

b) dentist

b) inspector

c) writer

c) doctor

d) butcher

d) lorry driver

a) postman

a) lawyer

b) inspector

b) agent

c) nurse

c) hairdresser

d) baker

d) journalist

a) author a) sailor

b) seller

b) porter

c) porter

c) soldier

d) farmer

d) politician

9) The _____________ took his sheep up the mountain. a) tailor

a) butcher b) manager

b) sheppard

c) stunt man


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Commercial English Lessons c) florist

d) priest

d) priest þÿ

1. bald

a. accent

þÿ

2. complete

b. atmosphere

þÿ

3. crowded

c. failure

þÿ

4. deep

d. ring

þÿ

5. fatal

e. hair

þÿ

6. relaxed

f. head

þÿ

7. spicy

g. hole

þÿ

8. strong

h. injury

þÿ

9. wavy

i. train

þÿ

10. woollen

þÿ

11. expensive

k. food

þÿ

12. excellent

l. sweater

j. performance

What time is it? Una manera fácil de decir la hora es la de decir los números tal cual:

10.20 ten twenty 2.15 two fifteen 5.45 five forty-five Para decir las horas en punto podemos decir:

nine o nine o'clock (nueve en punto) Pero no podemos decir: six-thirty o'clock Podemos dar la exactitud de la hora diciendo: Otra manera de decir la hora es la siguiente:

1:00 one o'clock 3:10 ten past three 4:15 a quarter past four 5:30 half past five


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Commercial English Lessons 8:35 twenty-five to nine 9:45 a quarter to ten Diferencias entre inglés británico e inglés americano * a quarter past (UK) y cuarto // a quarter after (US) y cuarto * a half past (UK) y media // thirty (US) y media Preguntar y decir por la hora What time is it? What's the time? (¿Qué hora es?) It's ... (Es la... Son las...) It's about ... (Son aproximadamente las

Ejercicio de vocabulario oral: Calendario

Días de la semana

Meses del año

En relación a Días festivos tiempo

Monday

January

Month

Easter

Tuesday

February

Monthly

Halloween

Wednesday

March

Today

Thanksgiving

Thursday

April

Tomorrow

Independence day

Friday

May

Tonight

Christmas

Saturday

June

Yesterday

Christmas eve

Sunday

July

Week

New year's day

Estaciones del año

August

Weekend

New year's eve

Spring

September

Weekly

Summer

October

Year

Autumn (brit) Fall (amer)

November

Century

Winter

December

Decade


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Commercial English Lessons Thirty days have November, April, June and September. To January add another

Treinta días tienen noviembre,

abril, agrégale junio y setiembre. day, March and Also to August, A enero un día más, May Lo mismo que a agosto, marzo y July, October and mayo, December. julio, octubre y diciembre. All these, have thirty-one, Recuerda que éstos tienen treinta remember. y uno. To February twenty-eight A febrero asígnale veintiocho assign y en año bisiesto, veintinueve. And in a leap year, twentynine.

Guess: What is it? 1. We wear them to keep our hands warm. 2. We wear it to keep our heads warm 3. We wrap it around our necks in winter 4. Men usually wear one around their necks 5. We wear them on our feet under footwear. 6. We wear it on top of our clothes to keep us warm. 7. It has buttons up the front, a collar, sleeves and is often white

8. It goes from the waist down, is most often worn by women and can be mini, knee or ankle length 9. Trousers or a skirt with a matching jacket is called a ___


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COUNTABLE NOUNS SINGULAR PLURAL an apple

SUSTANTIVOS CONTABLES

apples

I'm eating an apple. Estoy comiendo una manzana

una manzana manzanas

a carrot

carrots

Apples are my favorite fruit. La manzana es mi fruta favorita.

una zanahoria zanahorias

a potato

potatoes

una papa

papas

I like apples. Me gustan las manzanas.

UNCOUNTABLE SINGULAR ONLY

NO CONTABLES

yogurt

I'm eating yogurt. Estoy comiendo yogur.

yogur

beef

Yogurt is delicious. El yogur es delicioso.

bife

broccoli

I love yogurt. Me encanta el yogur.

brócoli

PRESENT CONTINUOS TENSE

What are you doing now? Affirmative I am going

Negative I am not going

Interrogative Am I going ?


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Commercial English Lessons You are not Are you going ? going He is going He is not going Is he going ? She is going She is not going Is she going ? It is going It is not going Is it going ? We are going We are not going Are we going ? You are not You are going Are you going ? going They are going They are not Are they going ? going Affirmative subject + am /is /are + 1 > "ing" I am going to New York - Estoy yendo a New York You are going

He is going to New York - El está yendo a New York Negative subject + am /is /are + not + 1 > "ing" I am not going to New York - No estoy yendo a New York He is not going to New York - El no está yendo a New York Am /Is /Are + subject + be + 1 > Interrogative "ing" ? Am I going to New York ? - ¿Estoy yendo a New York ? Is he going to New York ? - ¿Está él yendo a New York ?


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Commercial English Lessons usos del presente continuo Acciones que ocurren en el momento de hablar. Lucas is getting up now. Lucas se está levantando ahora. My wife is having lunch now. Mi esposa está almorzando ahora.

Planes futuros que han sido confirmados. The manager is meeting me tonight. El gerente se va a reunir conmigo esta noche. They are arriving tomorrow morning. Van a llegar mañana por la mañana.

Acciones que tendrán lugar en un futuro próximo y sobre las que se ha tomado una resolución firme. I am going to visit their office in Caracas next week. Voy a visitar su oficina de Caracas la próxima semana.

Acciones habituales con sentido negativo que llevan always. Mike is always talking nonsense. Mike siempre está hablando estupideces. He is always annoying his friends. Siempre está molestando a sus amigos.

verbos que no suelen utilizarse en presente continuo know - like - want - love - hate - need expresiones usuales del presente continuo the next - at moment - now - in this week on Sunday - this evening - tomorrow


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attend carry close drive find go open

attending carrying closing driving finding going opening

play put rain run say see snow

playing putting raining running saying seeing snowing

spell swim take walk watch wear write

spelling swimming taking walking watching wearing writing

I'm wearing a coat,

Estoy usando un abrigo,

but I'm not wearing boots.

pero no estoy usando botas.

You're wearing a coat, Estás usando un abrigo, but you aren't wearing boots. pero no estás usando botas. She's wearing a coat, but she isn't wearing boots.

(Ella) Está usando un abrigo, pero no está usando botas.

We're wearing a coat, but we aren't wearing boots.

Estamos usando un abrigo, pero no estamos usando botas.

They're wearing a coat, (Ellos) Están usando un abrigo, but they aren't wearing boots. pero no están usando botas. It's snowing, and it's very cold.

Está nevando, y está muy frío.

I'm wearing a coat, but I'm not wearing boots.

Estoy usando un abrigo, pero no estoy usando botas.

It's very cold, so let's take a taxi.

Está muy frío, entonces tomemos un taxi.


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Commercial English Lessons She's running, so she's wearing running shoes.

(Ella) Está corriendo, entonces está usando zapatillas.

He's driving, but he isn't wearing his glasses.

(El) Está conduciendo, pero no está usando sus anteojos.

We are walking in the snow, but we aren't wearing boots.

Estamos caminando en la nieve, pero no estamos usando botas.

They're playing tennis, but they aren't wearing tennis shoes.

(Ellos) Están jugando tennis, pero no están usando zapatillas de tennis. (El tiempo) Está nevando, y estoy dando una vuelta (paseando

It's snowing, and I'm taking a walk. Listening:

Susan: Uh-oh. Peter: What's the matter? Susan: It's snowing, and it's

Ajj-brr. ¿Qué ocurre? Está nevando y hace mucho frío. Bueno, pero estás usando un abrigo. Pero no estoy usando botas. ¡Y hace 32 grados! ¡Eso es 0 grado centígrado! Está

cold. Susan: So let's take a taxi.

realmente frío. Entonces tomemos un taxi. Buena idea. ¡Vamos!

very cold. Peter: Well, you're wearing a coat. Susan: But I'm not wearing boots. And it's thirtytwo degrees !!! Peter: That's zero degrees Celsius !!! That's really

Peter:

Great idea. Come on !!!


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Commercial English Lessons More verbs!

Clean come

cleaning coming

dance dancing do doing feel feeling get getting dressed dressed get ready getting ready

plant pull

limpiar venir

planting pulling

plantar tirar, extraer

read reading rememberremembering shop shopping

bailar hacer sentir

leer recordar comprar

vestirse

sit

sitting

sentarse

sleep

sleeping

dormir

start

starting

comenzar

stay

staying

permanecer aspirar

get up

getting up

have

having

prepararse levantarse (cama) tener, comer

have fun

having fun

divertirse

vacuum

vacuuming

listen to look at look for

listening to looking at looking for

escuchar (a) mirar (a) buscar

wait wash work

waiting washing working

(polvo) esperar lavar trabajar

EXERCISE A Put the verb into the correct form. Examples: Please don't make so much noise. I am studying (study) Let's go out now. It isn't raining (not rain) anymore.Listen to those people. What language are they speaking (they/speak)?

1. Please be quiet. I ---------------(try) to concentrate. 2. Look! It -------------------(snow). 3. Why --------------------(you / look) at me like that? Did I say something wrong? 4. You -------------------(make) a lot of noise. Can you be a little bit quieter? 5. Excuse me, I ---------------(look) for a phone booth. Is there one near here? 6. (at the movies) It's a good movie, isn't it? -------------------(you / enjoy) it? 7. Listen! Can you hear those people next door? They -------------------(yell) at each other again.

8. Why --------------------(you / wear) your coat today? It's very warm. EXERCISE B Complete these sentences using one of these verbs: GET - BECOME - CHANGE - RISE - IMPROVE - FALL Page 23 http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ingles-comercial

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Commercial English Lessons INCREASE You don't have to use all the verbs and you can use some of them more than once.

Example: The population of the world is rising very fast. 1. The number of people without jobs -----------------------at the moment. 2. He is still sick, but he --------------------better slowly. 3. These days food ---------------------more and more expensive. 4. The world-----------------------. Things never stay the same. 5. The cost of living---------------------. Every year things are more expensive. 6. George has gone to work in Spain. At first, his Spanish wasn't very good, but now it---------------------------.

7. The economic situation is already very bad, and it ----------------------worse. Read this conversation between Brian and Steve. Put each EXERCISE C verb in the correct form. Brian and Steve meet in a restaurant.

Brian:

Hello, Steve. I haven't seen you for ages. What are you doing (you / do)

these days? Steve I ----------------------------(work) in a department store.

: Brian: Really? --------------------(you / enjoy) it? Steve Yeah, it's OK. How about you? : Brian: Well, I ----------------(not / work) at the moment, but I'm very busy. I ---------------------------------(build) a house.

Steve Really? ------------------(you / do) it alone? : Brian: No, some friends of mine -------------------------(help) me Listening:

A

CHRIS: What am I doing? I'm

B

TERRY: We're working in the


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Commercial English Lessons shopping for summer clothes. This bathing suit is great. I'm also looking for sandals. I'm getting ready for a vacation at the beach. THE PICTURE IS þÿ

garden today. We're planting flowers and pulling weeds. This is our favorite thing to do on a Saturday. THE PICTURE IS

PAT: I'm just sitting outdoors, in a café. And I'm having coffee, of course. I'm reading a great book. It's a love story. Uh-oh... It's starting to rain.

STACY: My friend and I are just driving around and looking at people. We're not doing anything special. But we're having fun. C

THE PICTURE IS

þÿ

þÿ

D

THE PICTURE IS

þÿ

Describing what is /he/he doing


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Commercial English Lessons Simple Present Presente Simple

What do you do? ¿Qué haces? - What does he do? ¿Qué hace? Affirmative I go You go He goes She goes It goes We go You go They go

Negative I don't go You don't go He doesn't go

Interrogative Do I go ?

She doesn't go It doesn't go We don't go You don't go They don't go

Does she go ?

Do you go ? Does he go ?

Does it go ? Do we go ? Do you go ? Do they go ?

Affirmative subject + 1 > "s" (he, she, it) I go to New York - Voy a New York He goes to New York - El va a New York Negative subject + don't / doesn't + 1 I don't go to New York - No voy a New York He doesn't go to New York - El no va a New York Interrogative Do / Does + subject + 1 ? Do I go to New York ? - ¿Voy a New York ? Does he go to New York ? - ¿Va él a New York ? usos del presente simple Acciones habituales (estilos de vida, hábitos, rutina diaria). Lucas gets up at 9:00 am. Lucas se levanta a las nueve. Paul and I do a lot of things every day. Paul y yo hacemos muchas cosas a diario.

Hechos o verdades generales.

The sun sets in the west. El sol se pone por el oeste.


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Commercial English Lessons The Earth goes around the sun. La Tierra gira alrededor del sol.

Situaciones permanentes. Maria lives in Buenos Aires. María vive en Buenos Aires. It costs a lot of money to stay at the Hilton. Cuesta mucho dinero alojarse en el Hilton.

Primer Condicional. If you heat butter, it melts. Si calientas manteca, ésta se derrite. Contact me if you need any help. Ponte en contacto conmigo si necesitas ayuda.

expresiones usuales del presente simple often - generally - usually - always - never every day - every week - every month - every year - sometimes I always have breakfast. Siempre tomo el desayuno. I usually have breakfast. Usualmente (generalmente) tomo el desayuno. I often have breakfast. A menudo (Frecuentemente) tomo el desayuno. I sometimes have breakfast. Algunas veces tomo el desayuno. I seldom have breakfast. Raras veces tomo el desayuno. I never have breakfast. Nunca tomo el desayuno. Do you usually have tea? ¿Tomas el té usualmente (generalmente)? Do you ever have tea? ¿Tomas el té alguna vez? I don't usually have tea. Generalmente no tomo el té. I don't often have tea. No tomo el té a menudo (frecuentemente I don't ever have tea. No tomo nunca el té.

take takes walk walks speak speaks

live go carry

lives goes carries

watch use close

HE, SHE, IT ... EL, ELLA ...

watches uses closes

do say have

does says has

HE, SHE, IT ... EL, ELLA ...


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Commercial English Lessons carry carries do does get dressed gets dressed get ready gets ready get up

gets up

lleva hace se viste se prepara

go have have fun wash

goes has has fun washes

va tiene se divierte lava

se levanta

watch

watches

mira, observa

My name is Patricia , I’m a teacher in a language school, so , generally I don’t earn very much money. I always try to save a little money every month because I want to buy a new car. I hope I don’t want to borrow money from the bank because they charge interests on the loan. The best solution is be to win a few million euros on the lottery. That is very difficult because I never buy lottery tickets!

Countable vs. Uncountable AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS

QUESTIONS AND NEGATIVE STATEMENTS

ORACIONES AFIRMATIVAS

PREGUNTAS Y ORACIONES NEGATIVAS

We need some vegetables.

Do you want any carrots? We don't need any carrots.

Necesitamos algunas verduras

¿Quieres algunas zanahorias? No necesitamos ninguna zanahoria.

We need some meat.

Do you want any chicken? We don't need any chicken.

Necesitamos algo de carne.

¿Quieres algo de pollo? No necesitamos nada de pollo.

We need some.

Do you want any? We don't need any.

Necesitamos algunos /as.

¿Quieres algunos /as? No necesitamos ninguno /a.

I live in the suburbs.

(Yo) Vivo en los suburbios.

IYou don't in the city. livelive in the suburbs.

(Yo) No vivo en la ciudad. (Tú) Vives en los suburbios.


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Commercial English Lessons You don't live in the city. He lives in the suburbs. He doesn't live in the city. She lives in the suburbs. She doesn't live in the city. We live in the suburbs. We don't live in the city.

(Tú) No vives en la ciudad. (El) Vive en los suburbios. (El) No vive en la ciudad. (Ella) Vive en los suburbios. (Ella) No vive en la ciudad. (Nosotros/as) Vivimos en los suburbios. (Nosotros/as) No vivimos en la

They live in the suburbs. They don't live in the city. IRREGULAR VERBS I have a car. My wife has a car, too. We both go to work by car. My son goes to school by bus. I do my work in an office. My son does his work at

ciudad. (Ellos/as) Viven en los suburbios. (Ellos/as) No viven en la ciudad. VERBOS IRREGULARES (Yo) Tengo un automóvil. Mi esposa tiene un automóvil, también. (Nosotros) Ambos vamos a trabajar en auto. Mi hijo va a la escuela en ómnibus. Yo hago mi trabajo en la oficina. Mi hijo hace su trabajo en la escuela.

school. Do you get up early on Sundays? No, I get up late. What time do you get up? At noon.

¿Te levantas temprano los domingos? No, me levanto tarde. ¿A qué hora te levantas? Al mediodía.

Does she eat breakfast in the morning? ¿Toma (ella) el desayuno por la mañana? Yes, she eats breakfast at work. Sí, (ella) toma el desayuno en el trabajo. What time does she eat breakfast? ¿A qué hora toma (ella) el desayuno? At nine o'clock. A las nueve. Do they go to work together? Yes, they go together every day. What time do they go to work? At a quarter to eight.

¿Van (ellos) al trabajo juntos? Sí, (ellos) van juntos al trabajo todos los días. ¿A qué hora van (ellos) al trabajo? A las ocho menos cuarto.

TIME EXPRESSIONS EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO


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Commercial English Lessons every day every morning on Sundays on weekdays in the morning in the afternoon at nine o' clock

todos los días todas las mañanas los domingos los días laborables por la mañana por la tarde a las nueve en punto


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Commercial English Lessons Frequency adverbs The barbecue Charles: What do we need for the ¿Qué necesitamos para el barbecue? asado? Anne: Well, we need Bueno, necesitamos carne hamburger meat and hot de hamburguesa y dogs. salchichas. Charles: We have some Tenemos algo de carne en el hamburger in the congelador pero no tenemos freezer, but we don't salchichas. have any hot dogs. Anne: Right, and there aren't De acuerdo, y no hay ningún any buns. bollo (panecillo). Charles: Do we need any soda? Anne: Yes, we do. Let's buy

¿Necesitamos gaseosas? Sí. Compremos algunas some soda and some gaseosas y limonada lemonade, too. también. Charles: All right. And how about Muy bien. ¿Y qué te parece some potato salad? algo de ensalada de papas?

Let's have breakfast together on Sunday. Kumiko: OK. But why don't you come to my house? On Sundays my family has a Japanese-style breakfast. Sarah: Really? What do you have? Kumiko: We usually have

Desayunemos juntas el domingo.

fish, soup. Fish?rice, Nowand that's interesting. Kumiko: We sometimes have salad, too. And we always have green tea. Sarah: Well, I don't often eat fish for breakfast, but I love to try new things.

pescado, arroz y sopa. ¿Pescado? Vaya qué interesante. A veces comemos ensalada también. Y siempre tomamos té verde.

Sarah:

Sarah:

De acuerdo. Pero, ¿Por qué no vienes a mi casa? Los domingos mi familia toma un desayuno a la Japonesa. ¿No me digas? ¿Qué comen? Generalmente comemos

Bueno, no suelo comer pescado en el desayuno pero me encanta probar cosas nuevas.


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Commercial English Lessons Anne:

Great idea !! Everyone likes potato salad. Charles: Let's not forget dessert.

¡Gran idea! A todos les gusta la ensalada de papas. No nos olvidemos del postre.

Yeah. How about some fruit? Maybe mangoes and strawberries. Charles: Hm. I don't really like fruit. I know. Your favorite Anne: dessert is apple pie. Charles: Yes. Apple pie with ice cream !!

Sí. ¿Qué te parece algo de fruta? Quizás mangos y frutillas (fresas). Hmm. Realmente no me gusta la fruta. Lo sé. Tu postre favorito es el pastel de manzana. Sí. ¡Pastel de manzana con helado!

Anne:

Anne:

OK. So let's put apple pie and ice cream on the shopping list.

OK. Entonces anotemos pastel de manzana y helado en la lista de compras.

Listening

Hi, Charles. What's the matter? Charles: My car isn't working. I'm waiting for a towtruck. Julia: Do you have a ride home? Charles: Yes, my wife is coming to get me. That's good. Do you Julia: live near here?

Hola, Charles. ¿Qué sucede? Mi auto no funciona. Estoy esperando el remolque. ¿Tienes quien te lleve a casa? Sí, mi esposa me pasa a buscar. Menos mal. ¿Vives cerca de aquí?

No, we live in the suburbs. What about you? Julia: I live downtown, with my parents. Charles: Do you have a car? Julia: I don't need a car. I walk to work. Charles: You're lucky !!!

No, vivimos en los suburbios. ¿Y tú?

Julia:

Charles:

Vivo en el centro con mis padres. ¿Tienes auto? No necesito auto. Voy caminando al trabajo. ¡Eres afortunada!


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Commercial English Lessons Jobs and professions

She's a receptionist.

He's a pilot.

Ella es recepcionista.

El es piloto.

She's a doctor.

She's a flight attendant.

Ella es médica.

Ella es azafata.

She's a nurse.

She's a judge.

Ella es enfermera.

Ella es jueza.

She's a singer.

He's a lawyer.

Ella es cantante.

El es abogado.

He's a musician.

He's a police officer.

El es músico.

El es agente de policía.

He's a cheff.

He's a security guard.

El es cocinero.

El es guardia de seguridad.

He's a waiter.

He's a salesclerk.

El es mozo (camarero).

El es vendedor de tienda.

She's a waitress.

He's a cashier.

Ella es camarera.

El es cajero.


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Commercial English Lessons Jobs and professions What do you do?

accountant contador/a

restaurant cook cocinero/a

air traffic controller

athlete

college professor

controlador/ a aéreo

atleta

profesor/a universitario

salesperson

teacher

travel agent

vendedor/a de negocios

maestro/a

agente de viajes

Where do you work? I work in a hotel. What do you do there?

¿Dónde trabajas?

I'm a receptionist. Where does she work? She works in a store. What does she do there? She's a cashier.

Soy recepcionista. ¿Dónde trabaja (ella)?

Where do they work? They work in a hospital. What do they do there? They're nurses.

¿Dónde trabajan (ellos/as)?

Trabajo en un hotel. ¿Qué haces allí?

(Ella) Trabaja en una tienda. ¿Qué hace (ella) allí? Es cajera. Trabajan en un hospital. ¿Qué hacen (ellos/as) allí? Son enfermeros/as.

Rachel: Where does your

brother work? Angela: He works in a hotel. Rachel: Oh. What does he do, exactly? Angela: He's a chef in a French restaurant. Rachel: That's interesting.

My boyfriend works

¿Dónde trabaja tu hermano? Trabaja en un hotel. Ah. ¿Qué hace exactamente? Es cocinero de un restaurante francés. Qué interesante. Mi novio trabaja en un hotel también.


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Commercial English Lessons in a hotel, too. Angela: Is he a chef? Rachel: No, he's a security guard, but he doesn't like the work. So he's looking for a new job.

1

¿Es cocinero? No, es guardia de seguridad pero no le gusta ese trabajo. Así que está buscando un nuevo empleo

2 CECILIA A: What do you do, Cecilia? B: I work in a restaurant. A: Really. What do you do, exactly? B: I'm a chef. I cook lunch and dinner there. A: That's not an easy job, is it? B: No, it's a difficult job, but I like it.

3 CHRISTINE A: Where do you work, Christine? B: At a French restaurant. A: Uh, are you a chef? A waitress? B: No, actually, I'm a singer. I sing with a band there at night.

KATHLEEN A: What do you do, Kathleen? B: I work for Transnational Airlines. A: Oh, are you a flight attendant? B: No, I'm a pilot. A: Now that's a stressful job. B: I really like the work.

You probably think that the hamburger is a typical American food. Americans often have a hamburger for a quick lunch or snack. But do you know that the favorite American "fast food" actually comes from many different countries? Probablemente creas que la hamburguesa es una comida típica norteamericana. A menudo, los estadounidenses comen una hamburguesa como almuerzo o refuerzo rápido. Pero, ¿sabes que la "comida rápida" favorita de los norteamericanos realmente proviene de Page 35 http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ingles-comercial

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Commercial English Lessons muchos países diferentes?

The hamburger is made of beef, not ham. The idea of chopping meat into very small pieces comes from Turkey. The name hamburger comes from the town of Hamburg in Germany. La hamburguesa está hecha de carne de vaca, no jamón. La idea de picar la carne en pequeños trozos proviene de Turquía. El nombre hamburguesa proviene de la ciudad de Hamburgo en Alemania.

The pickle, or pickled cucumber, comes from Eastern Europe. It is popular in Poland and Russia. El pickle, o pepino conservado, proviene de Europa del Este. Es muy conocido en Polonia y Rusia.

The word comes China. the first Chinese name for aketchup sauce made offrom pickled fish"Ke-tsiap" and spices.isThe recipe for tomato ketchup is in a 1792 American cookbook. La palabra ketchup proviene de China. "Ke-tsiap" es el nombre chino de una salsa hecha con pescado en conserva y especias. La primera receta de ketchup de tomate se encuentra en un libro de cocina norteamericano de 1792.

Mayonnaise, sometimes called "mayo", is a yellow-white sauce made of eggs, oil, and lemon juice. It comes from the Spanish island name is French. Mayonnaise is also used asofaMinorca, dressingbut for its salads. La mayonesa, a veces llamada "mayo", es una salsa amarilloblancuzca hecha de huevos, aceite y jugo de limón. Proviene de la isla española de Menorca pero su nombre es francés. La mayonesa también se utiliza como aderezo de ensaladas.

The bun is a kind of bread. It comes from an English recipe, and the sesame seeds on top come from the Middle East. So, the "American" hamburger is a truly international meal. El bollo es una especie de pan. Proviene de una receta inglesa, y las semillas de sésamo que lleva encima vienen de Medio Oriente. Por lo tanto, la hamburguesa "norteamericana" es una auténtica comida internacional. Can you swim? Prove it!

I can swim. Can you swim very well?

Puedo nadar. ¿Puedes nadar muy bien?


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Commercial English Lessons Yes, I can.

Sí, puedo.

You can swim.

Puedes nadar.

Can I swim very well? Yes, you can.

¿Puedo nadar muy bien? Sí, puedes.

She can swim. Can she swim very well? Yes, she can.

(Ella) Puede nadar. ¿Puede (ella) nadar muy bien? Sí, (ella) puede.

Can he swim very well? ¿Puede (él) nadar muy bien? No, he can't. He can't swim. No, (él) no puede. (El) no puede nadar. ¿Podemos nadar muy bien? Can we swim very well? No, we can't. We can't swim.No, no podemos. No podemos nadar.

Can they swim very well? ¿Pueden (ellos/as) nadar muy bien? No, they can't. They can't swim. No, (ellos/as) no pueden. (Ellos/as) no pueden nadar

Parts of the body Point to your ... Señala tu/s ...

head

eyes

nose

ear

mouth

teeth

neck

cabeza

ojos

nariz

oído

boca

dientes

cuello

stomach

back

shoulders

arm

hand

leg

feet

estómago

espalda

hombros

brazo

mano

pierna

pies


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Lesson How much cost? / How - How much is does it? / it How much are much they? do they cost?

Where can you buy these things?

¿Dónde puedes comprar estas cosas?

You can buy You can buy books You can buy a fish dinner at a carrots at a bookstore restaurant at a supermarket

You can buy a television at a department store

You can buy gasoline at a gas station

You can buy aspirin at a drugstore

You can buy stamps at a post office

You can buy a magazine at a newsstand


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Commercial English Lessons Where is the Departmen Store?

The department store is on Grant

El centro comercial es sobre la calle Grant.

Street. It's between Second and Third

Está entre las calles Segunda y Tercera.

Streets. It's across from the Grand Hotel.

Está enfrente del Hotel Grand.

There's a newsstand in front of

Hay un puesto de diarios frente al hotel.

the hotel. There's a gas station behind the

Hay una gasolinera detrás del hotel.

hotel. The gas station is on the corner of

La gasolinera es en la esquina de Washington

Washington and Second.

y Segunda.

The gas station is next to a

La gasolinera está al lado de un

parking lot.

estacionamiento.

The parking lot is near the City

El estacionamiento está cerca del Banco City

Bank. ¿Me puede ayudar, por favor? Charles: Can you help me, ¿Me puede ayudar, por please? Is there a favor? ¿Hay un baño público public restroom near cerca de aquí?

here? Woman: I'm sorry, but I don't think so. Charles: Oh, no!! My son needs a bathroom. Woman: Well, there's a department store on

Lo siento, pero me parece que no. ¡¡Caramba!! Mi hijo necesita un baño. Bueno, hay un centro comercial sobre la calle


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Commercial English Lessons Grant Street. There Grant. Hay baños en el are restrooms in the subsuelo. basement. Where on Grant Charles: ¿En qué parte de la calle Grant? Street? Woman: Between Second and Entre las calles Segunda y Third Streets. The Tercera. La tienda está store is across from enfrente del hotel. the hotel. Thank you very Charles: Muchas gracias. much. Woman: You're welcome. De nada. 1. public restroom (baño público). En inglés americano se utiliza washroom o restroom para referirse a los baños ubicados en edificios públicos. Los baños de una casa particular se denominan lavatory, toilet o bathroom.


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The best Department Store

Harrods is one of the best and possibly the most well known department store in the world. It started as a family grocery store in 1849 with only two people working there. Now Harrods employs over 3000 staff. The stores motto is omnia omnibus ubique - everything for everyone everywhere. It is one of the best places in London to go window shopping and to look at the luxury goods on sale (but don’t look at the price tag!). The Harrods food hall is full of all kinds of gourmet food, which is presented in a fantastically creative and appetising way. There are up to 110 types of fish and over 150 types of bread. In the cheese section you can find about 350 varieties of cheese from 15 different countries. If you feel hungry, there are 22 restaurants to choose from, and if you need something to wear, go to one of the 7 floors of expensive and fashionable designer clothes. There’s also a beauty salon, a pet shop, a furniture department, cosmetics, fine jewellery and lots of wonderful toys. Everything you would expect to find in a department store is here, and more! Harrods is owned by Egyptian Mohammed Al Fayed, whose son Dodi was killed in a car accident in August 1997 together with Princess Diana. In the basement there is a tribute to Dodi and Diana. It is the only place in Harrods where you are allowed to take photos. Harrods is a shopping experience, and definitely recommended if you are a tourist in London. However, you will probably be able to find things cheaper in other shops, unless of course you want one of Harrods famous green plastic bags!


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Commercial English Lessons La libra como unidad de peso equivale a 0,454 kilogramos. En cuanto a la ropa, por ejemplo una talla 42 en blusas o suéters equivale en USA a una 36. En zapatos, una talla 42 equivaldría a la 10 en USA y a la 128.5 en en UK UK. Un vestido de talla 40 sería en USA una talla 10 y una Algunas de las secciones habituales en unos grandes almacenes incluyen el término 'department' pero no siempre es así, y muchas de las secciones solamente se indican con el plural de los objetos que en ellas se venden: Hosiery Department Books Libros

Sección de Artículos de Punto

Toys Household Juguetes Goods Artículos de cuero Sports Goods Artículos deportivos Ropa de hombre ('menswear'). Excuse me, what floor is the menswear on? Perdone, ¿en qué planta está la sección de ropa de caballero? En cambio, las secciones de ropa de mujer y para niño reciben el nombre de 'ladieswear' y 'childrenswear' respectivamente. El acceso a cada planta se realiza a través de ascensores ('lifts' o 'elevators' en USA) y de escaleras mecánicas ('escalators'). Ticket de compra ('receipt'). U.S.A. $ cents " " one dollar a dollar fifty a dollar eighty seven dollars fifty

thirty dollars (bucks)

.25 .50 .75 1 1.50 1.80 7.50

30

England £ pence (p) " " one pound one pound fifty one pound eighty seven pounds fifty

100 cents (centavos) = one dollar (dólar ) 100 pence ( peniques) = one pound (libra) Bucks (argot de dollar) Quid (argot de pound) penny= penique / pence= peniques

Observa que para expresar los decimales los ingleses thirty pounds (quid) utilizan el punto (.) como separador a diferencia del español en que se utiliza el carácter coma (,)


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Commercial English Lessons Escribe los precios en los espacios

þÿ

How much is a pizza? £ How much is a cheeseburger? £ þÿ

How much are chips? £

þÿ þÿ

How much is a coke? £ How much is an orange juice þÿ

and a salad? £ How much is a ham sandwich þÿ and a coffee? £

To pay, to buy,to earn, to complain...

'to go shopping' o 'to do some shopping'. 'shopping centre' (UK) o 'shopping mall' (USA) Un Centro

comercia La tienda ('shop') se conoce en USA también como 'store'. Los dependientes son 'sales assistants' o 'shop assistants' y se diferencian según el sexo y la edad: 'salesgirl' si se trata de una empleada joven y 'saleslady' si es una empleada adulta. Los empleados masculinos siempre se conocen como 'salesman'. En el hipermercado o el supermercado, el puesto de la caja se llama 'checkout' (y no 'cashier' que se emplea únicamente en el caso de pequeñas tiendas). El carrito de la compra (que se arrastra sobre ruedas) se llama 'shopping trolley' o 'shopping cart' (USA) mientras que la cesta de compra que se transporta en la mano se llama 'shopping basket'. El expositor de cristal tras el que se muestran los productos 'display counter' y cada estante en que se ofrecen se denomina 'shelf'. Una botella de vino a Bottle of wine Una lata de cerveza a Can of beer Un cartón (brik) de leche a Carton of milk Un tarro de miel

a Jar of honey


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Commercial English Lessons Un paquete de té a Packet of tea Un tubo de pasta dentrífica a Tube of toothpaste Payment

Pago

Pay day Día de paga Payee Beneficiario (de un cheque o efecto bancario) Payer Pagador (el contribuyente se denomina 'taxpayer' ) Paymaster Tesorero Payroll Nómina (el sobre de la paga se denomina 'paypacket' o 'paycheck' en USA) Pay-off Pago, soborno, recompensa Pay rise Subida de sueldo Payload Carga útil

Informátics inglés

español

computer computer programmer computing database disk

ordenador

document file floppy disk hard disk keyboard portable computer memory printer printout program screen spreadsheet word processor

documento archivo, fichero disquete disco duro teclado ordenador portátil memoria impresora listado programa pantalla hoja de cálculo procesador de textos

programador/a informática base de datos disco


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Commercial English Lessons The office Where you store things Perhaps you have a tall metal cupboard in your office with three or four drawers to put files and correspondence. This is a filing cabinet. Other people have drawers in their desk or portable drawers (drawers on wheels) in their offices, In your filing cabinets you usually have hanging files, where you can put loose correspondence. If you want to put correspondence together, you can use folders or plastic wallets. You can also put papers in a folder and put the folder on a bookshelf. You can also store small things on your desk. For example, perhaps you put pens in a pen holder or in a container. You might even have a desk tidy with different components for pens, rubber bands, erasers and so on.

How you attach things To stick things together, you can use one-sided sticky tape, known in England as 'sellotape' but not as 'Scotch', which is a type of whisky! You can use a stronger type of sellotape for cardboard boxes and this is called masking tape. Or you could use glue - a sticky liquid that comes out of a bottle to stick things together. You can attach paper with a paperclip, which is made of metal or plastic. A paperclip is the icon you can see in your email program when you want to send an attachment.. If you want to attach paper more permanently, you can use a stapler (which contains staples) to staple the pieces together. A staple is a small, sharp metal bar which has two ends that curl through the bottom sheet of paper to hold all the pieces together.


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Commercial English Lessons Woman's clothing (Ropa de mujer) Vestidos y trajes Dresses and suits United States 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Europe 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 Blusas y jerseys Blouses and jerseys United States 32 34 36 38 40 Europe 40 42 44 46 48 Calzado Footwear United States 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Europe 34-35 35-36 36-37 38-39 40-41 41-42 42-43 Man's clothing (Ropa de hombre) Abrigos, trajes y jerseys Overcoats, suits and jerseys United States 36 38 40 42 44 46 Europe 46 48 50 52 54 56 Camisas y polos (cuello) Shirts and polo-shirts (collar) 14 15 15 16 United States 14 15 16 1/2 1/2 3/4 1/2 Europe 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 Calzado Footwear 10 United States 7 1/2 8 8 1/2 9 1/2 10 11 1/2 Europe

40

41

42

43

44

45

46


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Commercial English Lessons Fabrics acetato algodón batista brocato cachemir corderoy cuero de punto encaje fantasía fibra acrílica franela gamuza, ante gasa hilo, lino lana loneta nylon organdí organza poliéster rayón seda estampada seda natural (artificial) tela bordada tela de jean terciopelo

acetate cotton

áceteit kátn

batiste brocate cashmere corduroy leather knitted, jersey lace fancy acrilic fiber flannel suede gauze linen wool jean, canvas nylon organdine organza polyester rayon printed silk natural (artificial) silk embroidered material denim velvet

batíst brókeit káshmí:r kór-durói léder nítit, yérsi léis fánci akrílic fáiber flánel suíd góus láinen u:l yín, kánvas náilen organdáin orgánsa políster réion príntit sélk náchural (artifíshl) sélk embróidert matírial dénim vélvet


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1

2

3

ROBERT SHAW

ANDREA MENDEZ

BOBBY JEFFREY

Restaurant cook "I get up at 5:00 a.m., get dressed, and drive to work. The restaurant opens at 6:00 a.m. . We serve breakfast until eleven and lunch until three. Then I go home. I go to bed at around nine, and hope that the telephone doesn't ring. Luckily, I don't work on

Flight attendant "Sometimes I go to work at 5:00 a.m., and sometimes I go at 5:00 p.m. Sometimes I leave the house on Monday and don't come home until Wednesday. I often work on weekends. My job is interesting, but my schedule is not regular. And I don't see my husband

Rock musician "I go to work at ten o'clock in the evening, and I play until 3:00 a.m. I take a break at midnight. After work I have dinner at an allnight restaurant. Then I take a taxi home. I go to bed at five in the morning and sleep until two in the afternoon. I only work three

Saturdays Sundays, Ior only work on weekends."

enough."

nights Friday,a week Saturday and


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Is it far from here? Tourist: Excuse me,

ma'am. How do I get to St. Patrick's Cathedral? Woman: Walk up Fifth Avenue to 50th Street. St. Patrick's on the right. Tourist: Is it near Rockefeller It's right across from Woman: Center?

Rockefeller Center. Tourist: Thanks. And what about the Empire State Building? Is far from here? Woman: It's right behind you. Just turn around and look up!!

Disculpe, señora. ¿Cómo puedo llegar a la Catedral de San Patricio? Suba por la Quinta Avenida hasta la calle 50. San Patricio está a la derecha. ¿Está cerca del Centro Rockefeller? Está exactamente enfrente del Centro Rockefeller. Gracias. ¿Y dónde se encuentra el edificio Empire State? ¿Está lejos de aquí?

Está exactamente detrás suyo. ¡Dése vuelta y levante la vista!

2How do I get to...? = How can I go to...? (¿Cómo puedo llegar hasta...? ).

3. on the right (a la derecha) =/= on the left (a la izquierda). 4. right across from... = exactly opposite to... ( justo enfrente de). 5. across from = opposite to (enfrente).

6. What about...? = What do you think about...? (¿Qué te parece...? ).

7. It's right behind you = It's exactly behind you (Está

justamente detrás tuyo). 8. turn around (darse vuelta; girar sobre los pies). 9. look up (levantar la vista; mirar hacia arriba).


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Commercial English Lessons Telephoning in English

Imagine you speak on the phone to other student and ask the following questions. The other student is a manager of a company. 1. Name of company:

2. Telephone Number:

3. Fax Number:

4. E-mail address:

5. Manager:

6. Address:

7. Opening hours:

8. Car Park?:

9. Number of employees:

10.

Business Type:


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Commercial English Lessons Hello? Hi, Tracy. This is Michael. Is Jennifer there? I'm sorry, Michael, Tracy: she's at her parents' house She's having dinner with them. Do you want to leave her a message? Michael Oh, I'm not sure. It's a little complicated. : Tracy: I have an idea. I'm going out now. So call again and leave her a message on the machine. Michael That's a good idea. Tracy: Michael :

: Tracy:

And don't worry, I'm

¿Hola? Hola, Tracy. Soy Michael. ¿Se encuentra Jennifer? Lo siento, Michael, está en la casa de sus padres. Va a cenar con ellos. ¿Quieres dejarle un mensaje? Ah, no estoy seguro. Es algo complicado. Tengo una idea. Voy a salir ahora. Así que vuelvea llamar y déjale un mensaje en la máquina. Es una buena idea. Y no te preocupes. No lo

not going to listen to voy a escuchar. it. Michael Thanks, Tracy. You're Gracias, Tracy. Eres una : areal pal. verdadera amiga. Do you want to go to the movies? ¿Quieres ir al cine? I want to go to the movies. Quiero ir al cine. I don't want to stay home. No quiero quedarme en casa. ¿Tienes que quedarte en casa? Do you have to stay home? I have to stay home on Thursday. Tengo que quedarme en casa el jueves. I need to study. Necesito estudiar.

Do you like to go to parties? ¿Te gusta ir a las fiestas? Of course, I like to go to parties Por!!supuesto, ¡¡Me gusta ir a las fiestas!! What are you going to do after graduation?

¿Qué piensas hacer después de graduarte?


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Commercial English Lessons I'm going to get a job right away. Voy a buscar trabajo de inmediato. I'm not going to get a job right away. No voy a buscar trabajo de inmediato. I plan to get my own apartment. Pienso conseguir departamento propio. II don't plan towith get my apartment. want to live my own parents. I don't want to live with my parents. I hope to get a new car. I'd like to travel this summer. I'd love to move to a new city.

departamento propio. No pienso conseguir Quiero vivir con mis padres. No quiero vivir con mis padres. Espero conseguir un auto nuevo. Me gustaría viajar este verano. Me encantaría mudarme a una ciudad nueva.

I always have breakfast. Siempre tomo el desayuno. I usually have breakfast. Usualmente (generalmente) tomo el desayuno. I often have breakfast. A menudo (Frecuentemente) tomo el desayuno. I sometimes have breakfast. Algunas veces tomo el desayuno. I seldom have breakfast. Raras veces tomo el desayuno. I never have breakfast. Nunca tomo el desayuno. Do you usually have tea? ¿Tomas el té usualmente (generalmente)? Do you ever have tea? I don't usually have tea. I don't often have tea. I don't ever have tea.

¿Tomas el té alguna vez?

Generalmente no tomo el té. No tomo el té a menudo (frecuentemente No tomo nunca el té.


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Let's have breakfast together on Sunday. Kumiko: OK. But why don't you come to my house? On Sundays my family has a Japanese-style breakfast. Sarah: Really? What do you

Desayunemos juntas el domingo. De acuerdo. Pero, ¿Por qué no vienes a mi casa? Los domingos mi familia toma un desayuno a la Japonesa.

We usually have Kumiko: have?

comen? Generalmente comemos pescado, arroz y sopa. ¿Pescado? Vaya qué interesante. A veces comemos ensalada también. Y siempre tomamos té verde.

Sarah:

fish, rice, and soup. Sarah: Fish? Now that's interesting. Kumiko: We sometimes have salad, too. And we always have green tea. Sarah: Well, I don't often eat fish for breakfast, but I love to try new things.

¿No me digas? ¿Qué

Bueno, no suelo comer pescado en el desayuno pero me encanta probar cosas nuevas


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1

2

3

TONY

MARIO

GINA

As a directory assistance operator, I give out hundreds of telephone numbers every day. I sort of like

My clients are all business travelers. I make plane, hotel, and car reservations for them. My annual salary isn't very high -

In my job, I mainly work with athletes who have sports injuries. Sometimes the athletes are famous, and

talking people all day. to I earn around $20,000 a year. But I don't feel very secure - a lot of operators are losing their jobs because of automation.

only but I$24,000 like my job. It's pretty secure because travel is a growing field. Also, I often travel in order to learn about cities, hotels, airlines, and

that's always exciting. My salary is good - $38,000 a year - and I always have a lot of patients. Doctors are too busy to do physical

Computers do everything these days. So I'm studying to be a computer programmer at night school.

tours. And when I do, everything is free - the plane tickets, the hotel rooms, etc.

therapy these days, and they're happy to give the work to specialists like us.


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1 Th ere is a su per ma rke t ne ar her e. 2

What can I get there?

3

You can get there nearly everything?

4

Women's clothes is on the second floor.

5

I prefer the blue blouse to the yellow blouse.

6 7

I've haven't seen such a big supermarket before. How much are the tomatoes?

8

I'm coming back in the next days.

9

I like shopping with a friend.

10 How can I get to the nearest station/bus stop from here?


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Commercial English Lessons Simple Past Affirmative I went You went He went She went It went We went You went They went

Negative I didn't go You didn't go He didn't go She didn't go It didn't go We didn't go You didn't go They didn't go

Interrogative Did I go ? Did you go ? Did he go ? Did she go ? Did it go ? Did we go ? Did you go ? Did they go ?

subject +2 I went to New York - Fui a New York He went to New York - El fue a New York subject + didn't Negative +1 I didn't go to New York - No fui a New York He didn't go to New York - El no fue a New Affirmative

York

Did + subject +1 ?

Interrogative

Did I go to New York? - ¿Fui a New York ? Did he go to New York? - ¿Fue él a New York?

I studied on Saturday. I didn't study on Sunday.

Estudié el sábado. No estudié el domingo.

You studied on Saturday. You didn't study on Sunday.

Estudiaste el sábado. No estudiaste el domingo.

She worked on Saturday.

Trabajó el sábado.


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Commercial English Lessons She didn't work on Sunday.

No trabajó el domingo.

He exercised on Saturday. He didn't exercise on Sunday.

Hizo ejercicio el sábado. No hizo ejercicio el domingo.

We exercised on Saturday. We didn't exercise on Sunday.

Hicimos ejercicio el sábado. No hicimos ejercicio el domingo.

They exercised on Saturday. They didn't exercise on Sunday.

Hicieron ejercicio el sábado. No hicieron ejercicio el domi

/t/

/d/

/ id /

watched

played

invited

hiked

cleaned

visited

fixed

opened

started

missed

listened

attended

walked

loved

skated

asked

hated

washed

Did you see any movies this weekend?

¿Viste alguna película este fin de semana?

Yes, I did. I saw Code 46.

Sí. Vi Código 46

Did you go home after the movie?

¿Fuiste a casa después del cine?

No, I didn't. I went to a dance club.

No. Fui a un club bailable.


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VERBOS IRREGULARES

Son aquellos que varían parcial o totalmente la forma infinitiva al transformarse en pasado (ver columna 2 del Cuadro Verbal).

VERBOS REGULARES Son aquellos que agregan -d o -ed a la forma infinitiva al transformarse en pasado (ver columna 2 del Cuadro Verbal, terminaciones en color rojo). Observa que si el infinitivo regular termina en -y precedida por consonante, cambia la y por i y agrega ed. Al final del Dossier tienes una lista que te ayudará a memorizarlos!

Prepositions: At, On, by , in La hora viene siempre precedida de at: at two (a las dos); at midnight (a medianoche); at noon (al mediodía).

2. El día de la semana (con fecha o sin ella) es precedido por on: on Monday (el lunes); on April 1st (el primero de abril); on your birthday (el día de tu cumpleaños); on (el día de Navidad). Christmas Day 3. Los meses, las estaciones, años y siglos son precedidos de in: in June (en junio); in summer (en el verano); in 1950 (en 1950); in the year 1950 (en el año 1950); in the nineteenth century (en el siglo diecinueve). 4. Observa el significado de las formas plurales: on Mondays (los lunes, todos los lunes); on Monday evenings (los lunes por la noche, todos los lunes por la noche); on winter evenings (en las noches de invierno). 5. Observa ahora la diferencia entre: on Christmas (Day) (el día de Navidad) y at Christmas (time) (para Navidad, el período navideño). 6. Finalmente observa estos usos: by day (de día); by night (de noche); during the day (durante el día); during the night (durante la noche). 7. No viene mal recordarte: in the morning (por la mañana); in the afternoon (por la tarde); in the evening (por la noche); at night (de noche).

8. PARA TENER EN CUENTA: Cuando se encuentran juntos varios complementos de tiempo, el más específico precede al menos específico: Helen visited me at midnight December 21st, 2000.


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Rossina: So, did you go out with Entonces, ¿Saliste con Analía:

Rossina: Analía:

Rossina: Analía: Rossina: Analía:

Richard? Yeah. We went to a movie last Saturday. We saw Police Partners II . Did you like it? Richard did, but I didn't. Of course, I told him I liked it. Yeah. So did you do anything else? Well, we went to a dance club. Did you have fun there? Yeah, we had a great time. And we're going to go there again next week !!

Richard? Así es. Fuimos a un cine el sábado pasado. Vimos Socios y Policías II . ¿Les gustó? A Richard sí, pero a mí no. Por supuesto, le dije que me gustó. Ajá. ¿Hicieron alguna otra cosa? Bien, fuimos a un boliche bailable. ¿Se divirtieron allí? Sí, la pasamos fantástico. ¡¡Y vamos a ir nuevamente la semana próxima!!

1215

twelve fifteen

1906

nineteen oh six

1769

seventeen sixty-nine

1917

nineteen seventeen

1812

eighteen twelve

1949

nineteen forty-nine


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Write the sentence in Simple Past Tense 1. They go to the beach 2. I drink milk for breakfast 3. Peter and Joe write a postcard 4. She doesn't live in Mexico 5. They don't read sport magazines 6. The President comes from Japan . 7. She plays basketball . 8. I sleep over my friend's house . 9. We don't eat vegetables . Example: Carol usually gets up at 7:30. Yesterday she got up at 7:30. 1. Carol usually wakes up early. Yesterday morning . 2. Carol usually walks to work. Yesterday . 3. Carol is usually late for work. Yesterday . 4. Carol usually has a sandwich for lunch. Yesterday . 5. Carol usually goes out in the evening. Yesterday evening . 6. Carol usually sleeps very well. Last night, .


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Commercial English Lessons Future Tense: Waht will you do? Affirmative I will go You will go He will go She will go It will go We will go You will go They will go

Negative

Interrogative

I won't go You won't go He won't go She won't go It won't go We won't go You won't go They won't go

Will I go ? Will you go ? Will he go ? Will she go ? Will it go ? Will we go ? Will you go ? Will they go ? subject + will + 1

Affirmative

I will go to New York - Iré a New York He will go to New York - El irá a New York subject + won't (will not) + 1 Negative I won't go to New York - No iré a New York He won't go to New York - El no irá a New York Will + subject + 1 ? Interrogative Will I go to New York ? - ¿Iré a New York ? Will he go to New York ? - ¿Irá él a New York ? Example: I'm too tired to walk home. I think I'll take a taxi. 1. I'm a little hungry. I think ----------------------------------------------------------------------- something to eat. 2. It's too late to call Tom now. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- him in the morning. 3. "It's a bit cold in this room". "Is it? ----------------------------------------------------------------------- on the heat

then." 4. "We don't have any milk." "Oh, we don't?

----------------------------------------------------------------------- and get

some." 5. "Did you write that letter to Jack?". "Oh, I forgot. Thanks for reminding me. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- it tonight." 6. "Would you like tea or coffee?"

" ----------------------------------------------------------------------- coffee, please."

1. You feel tired. You decide to go to bed.

I.


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Commercial English Lessons 2. A friend of yours offers you a ride home, but you decide to walk.

Thank you, but. 3. You arranged to play tennis. Now you decide that you don't want to play. 4. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don't want to go.


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Commercial English Lessons Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

I have gone

I haven't gone

Have I gone?

You have gone

You haven't gone

Have you gone?

He has gone She has gone

He hasn't gone She hasn't gone

Has he gone? Has she gone?

It has gone

It hasn't gone

Has it gone?

We have gone

We haven't gone

Have we gone?

You have gone

You haven't gone

Have you gone?

They have gone

They haven't gone

Have they gone?

Affirmative

subject + have / has + 3

I have gone to New York - He ido a New York He has gone to New York - El ha ido a New York Negative subject + haven't / hasn't + 3 I haven't gone to New York - No he ido a New York He hasn't gone to New York - El no ha ido a New York Interrogative

Have / Has + subject + 3 ?

Have I gone to New York? - ¿He ido a New York ? Has he gone to New York? - ¿Ha ido él a New York?

Simple Present Perfect 3 Presente Perfecto Simple 3 PRESENT PERFECT ALREADY / YET

Escucha al profesor leyendo oraciones con el PRESENTE PERFECTO SIMPLE. Repítelo luego simultáneamente.

The Present Perfect is formed with the verb HAVE + the PAST PARTICIPLE of a verb. El Presente Perfecto se forma con el verbo HAVE + el PARTICIPIO PASADO de otro verbo

Have you been to a jazz club?

¿Has ido a un club de jazz?

Yes, I've already been to several.

Sí, ya he ido a varios.

Have they seen the play?

¿Han visto la obra de teatro?

No, they haven't seen it yet.

No, no la han visto aún.

Has she gone on a riverboat tour? ¿Ha ido (ella) a un paseo en barco? Yes, she's gone twice this week.

Sí, (ella) ha ido dos veces esta semana.


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Commercial English Lessons Has he called his parents lately?

¿Ha llamado (él) a sus padres últimamente?

No, he hasn't called them.

No, (él) no los ha llamado.

REGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES call hike jog try

IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES

called hiked jogged tr ied

be do eat go

been done eaten gone

have make see

had made seen

CONTRACTIONS I have I've =

have not

=

haven't

she has

=

she's

has not

=

hasn't

Have you ever seen a magic show?

¿Has visto alguna vez un show de magia?

Yes, I have.

Sí, (he visto).

I saw a magic show last year. No, I haven't.

Ví un show de magia el año pasado. No, (no he visto).

But my sister saw David Copperfield. Pero mi hermana vio a David Copperfield. Have you ever been to Las Vegas?

¿Has estado alguna vez en Las Vegas?

Yes, I have. I went there in September. No, I haven't.

Sí, (he estado). Fui allí en setiembre. No, (no he estado).

I've never been there.

No, no he estado nunca allí. MODAL VERBS CAN AND SHOULD

Can you tell me about Mexico?

¿Me puedes comentar acerca de México?

Yes, I can. / No, I can't.

Sí, (puedo). / No, (no puedo).

What can you do there?

¿Qué puedes (se puede) hacer allí?

You can see the Palace of Fine Arts.

Puedes ver el Palacio de Bellas Artes.

Should I go to the Palace of Fine Arts? ¿Debería (me aconsejas) ir al Palacio de Bellas Artes? Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn't. Sí, deberías ir. / No, no te aconsejo ir. What should I see there?

¿Qué debería ver allí?

You should visit the National Museum. Deberías (Te aconsejo) visitar el Museo Nacional. You shouldn't miss the Pyramid of the No deberías perderte la Pirámide del Sol. Sun.


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Commercial English Lessons Would you like to come? ¿Te gustaría venir?

Say, Anna, what are you doing tonight? Would you like to go out? Anna: Oh, sorry, I can't. I'm going to work late tonight. I have to finish this report. Tom: Well, how about Tom:

Anna: Tom:

Anna:

Tom:

tomorrow night? Are you doing anything then? No, I'm not. What are you planning to do? I'm going to see a musical. Would you like to come? Sure, I'd love to !!! But let me pay for the tickets this time. It's my turn. All right!! Thanks !!

Eh, Anna. ¿Qué haces esta noche? ¿Te gustaría salir? Ah, lo siento, no puedo. Voy a trabajar hasta tarde esta noche. Tengo que terminar este informe. Bueno, ¿Qué te parece mañana a la noche? ¿Vas a hacer algo? No. ¿Qué piensas hacer? Voy a ver una comedia musical. ¿Te gustaría venir? ¡¡Seguro, me encantaría!! Pero déjame pagar las entradas a mí esta vez. Me corresponde a mí. ¡¡De acuerdo!! ¡¡Gracias!!

Would you like anything to drink? Waiter: May I take your order? ¿Puedo tomar su pedido? Julia: Sí. Quisiera una Yes. I'd like a hamburger and a large hamburguesa order of french fries, y una porción grande de please. papas fritas, por favor. Waiter: All right. And would Muy bien. ¿Y le gustaría una you like a salad? ensalada? Yes. I'll have a mixed Sí. Voy a comer una Julia: green salad. ensalada verde mixta. Waiter: OK. What kind of De acuerdo. ¿Qué tipo de

dressing would you like? We have

condimento le gusta? Tenemos vinagreta, Italiana


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Julia: Waiter: Julia:

vinaigrette, Italian, and French. Italian, please. And would you like anything to drink? Yes, I'd like a large soda, please.

y Francesa. Italiana, por favor. ¿Y quiere algo para beber? Sí, quisiera una gaseosa grande, por favor.

Steps to Telephoning My name is ______. This is _______ (here).

Si preguntamos por alguién... Can I speak to _____, please? Can you put me through to _______, please? Can I have extension 123, please? I'd like to speak to ________ , please.

Explicamos el motivo de la llamada... I'm calling to ask about... I'm phoning to tell you about...

Si queremos dejar un mensaje... Could you give ____ a message? Could you ask ___ to call me when he gets back?

Agradecemos la atención... Thanks you very much for your help. Thanks for the information.

Cierre de la llamada... Good bye. Bye.


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Commercial English Lessons Tutorial para Secretarias y Asistentes nuestra empresa, OM Personal usted, la persona que llama (el cliente)

our firm (company), OM Personal you, the caller (the customer, the client)

mi jefe, el Sr. Moore my boss, Mr Moore yo, Dan (asistente o me, Dan (secretary or secretaria) personal assistant) celular cell(ular) phone, mobile operador, operadora operator discar discado rápido código de área, característica, tono de discado tomar línea (externa) número de interno pasar una llamada entrante

áu:r férm (kómpani), óu-ém pérsonal iú, de kóler (de kástomer, de kláient) mái bos, Míster Mú:r mí, Dan (sékretri or pérsonal asístant) cél(iular) fóun, mobíl operéitor

to dial speed dialling area code

tu dáial

dialling tone pick up a line (an outside line) extension number transfer an incoming call

dáialing tóun

spí:d dáialing érea kóud

pikáp e láin (en autsáid láin) exténshn námber tránsfer en ínkáming kól

How can I pick up a line? ¿Cómo obtengo línea? Disque 0 o 9 para tono de discado Dial 0 or 9 for dialling tone (an (línea externa). outside line)

¿Puede decirme quién habla?

Good afternoon, welcome to OM Personal, this is Dan speaking. May I help you? Can I ask who's calling?

Sra. Denis, no corte que le comunico con el Sr. Moore.

Yes, Mrs Denis, if you could hold the line one moment, I'll put you through to Mr Moore.

Buenas tardes, bienvenido a OM Personal, habla Dan, ¿En qué puedo ayudarle?

Sra. Denis, veré si el Sr. Moore se Yes, Mrs Denis, I'll just check and see encuentra y puede atender su llamada if Mr Moore is available to take ya mismo. Sr. Moore, la Sra. Denis se

your call right now. Mr Moore, Mrs Denis is on line 1, Page 67

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ingles-comercial

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Commercial English Lessons encuentra en línea 1 por un video multimedia para su empresa. Tiene algunas consultas para hacerle. ¿Puede hablar con ella?

regarding a multimedia course for her company. She has a few queries about it. Would you be able to speak with her? Thanks.

Gracias. Sra. Denis, lamentablemente el Sr. Moore ha salido de la oficina por media hora. Si me deja su número de teléfono, la comunicaremos con el Sr. Moore apenas regrese.

Mrs Denis, I'm sorry but Mr Moore is out of the office for half an hour. If you'd like to leave your number, I'll have Mr Moore call you as soon as he returns to the office.

Sra. Denis, ¿podría decirme por qué asunto llama?

¿Quiere dejar un mensaje, Sra. Denis?

Mrs Denis, could I ask what the matter was regarding? Mrs Denis, may I tell Mr Moore what it is in relation to? Can I take a message, Mrs Denis? Would you like to leave a message, Mrs Denis?

¿Puede pedirle al Sr. Moore que se comunique conmigo?

Could you get (ask) Mr. Moore to call me?

¿Podría decirle que lo llamé?

Could you tell him I called?

¿Podría decirle al Sr. Moore que lo llamó la Sra. Denis?

Could you tell Mr Moore (that) Mrs Denis called him?

Gracias por su llamada, Sra. Denis. Adios.

Thanks for calling Mrs Denis, Goodbye.

Hola, habla Dan de OM Personal de parte del Sr. Moore. ¿Se encuentra la Sra. Denis para hablar con él?

Hello, it's Dan from OM Personal calling on behalf of Mr Moore. Would Mrs Denis be available to speak with him?

Hola, habla Dan de OM Personal de parte del Sr. Moore. ¿Podría comunicarle a la Sra. Denis que llame al Sr. Moore cuando le sea posible? Su teléfono es 4759 3636. Gracias. Adios.

Hello, it's Dan from OM Personal calling on behalf of Mr Moore. Could I leave a message for Mrs Denis to call Mr Moore when it's convenient. His phone number is 4759 3636. Thank you. Bye.

Lo siento, Sra. Denis. El Sr. Moore I'm sorry, Mrs Denis. Mr Moore is in a meeting until 4:30 this se encuentra en una reunión hasta las 4 y media de la tarde. afternoon. I'll have him return La comunicaremos con él apenas


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Commercial English Lessons se desocupe.

your call as soon as he's free.

Lo siento, Sra. Denis. El Sr. Moore I'm sorry, Mrs Denis, Mr Moore no se encuentra en la ciudad is out of town until Thursday next week. Can the matter wait hasta el jueves de la semana próxima. ¿Puede esperar hasta que regrese? Si es urgente, le enviaré un mensaje.

until his return, or if not, I could get a message to him if it's urgent?

Disc Barcelo S.A. Paris, 567 05862 Barcelona Spain 18th April 2005

Sales Department Limpoz Ltd. 9 Berstgood Street London L923 Dear Sirs, We are a large record store in the centre of Barcelona, and we would like to know more about the tapes that you advertised in this month's edition of "Hi Fi" magazine. Could you send us some information about your products? We would like to know if the tapes are a leading brand name or they are made by small independent companies, and if they would be suitable for recording classical music or only for dictations of messages. In addition, we would be grateful if you could send us some samples. If they have the quality we require, we will place a substancial order. Also, we would like to know if you offer any kind of trade discount. Thank you in advance Your faithfully, Sing

XXXXXX Oscar Guzman Head of Purchasing Traducción Page 69 http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ingles-comercial

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Commercial English Lessons Somos unos grandes almacenes de discos en el centro de Barcelona y nos gustaría saber más sobre las cintas que anunciaron en su edición de este mes de la revista "Hi Fi". ¿Podrían enviarnos información sobre sus productos? Nos gustaría saber si laspequeñas cintas son de una marcaylíder o si son fabricadas porgrabar empresas independientes si serían adecuadas para música clásica o únicamente para dictados y mensajes. También estaríamos agradecidos si nos pudieran enviar algunas muestras. Si tienen la calidad que necesitamos haremos un gran pedido. Además quisiéramos saber si ofrecen algún tipo de descuento. Agradeciéndoles por anticipado, Atentamente Firma Jefe de compras The sales girl sold me this mascara, two shades of blush and a jar of Fango masque on this date.

Complaints and apologies

The problem developed shortly after applying this mascara for the first time. Within one hour, my eyelids became puffy and red and began to itch. After two hours, my entire eye area was swollen and remained so for two days. No other cosmetic product had been applied to my eye area, and I feel sure that this mascara caused an allergic reaction for my skin. I have used various brands of mascara including Estee Lauder, Channel and Maybeline and have never experienced this sort of reaction before...

Imagine you are in charge of the beuty deparment. How would you apologize? I’m very sorry, I will return your money back… I apologize, we are very sorry about this, please accept this new product sets in return….


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Commercial English Lessons Psychology in business Nowadays it is often not enough to be an expert in your own field of business. It helps to apply a little psychology to your business dealings.

Look at this picture. Different people give different answers to the questions on the What do you see? left. Some people say the glass is half-empty, others say it is halffull. Some people says there are two small squares and a larger one, others say there are three squares. In the final picture, some people see an old woman, others see a young one. What does this prove? It confirms that we all have different perceptions. Our perceptions affect our expectations and attitudes in life in general and in our business dealings. The answers to the "squares" picture shows us that some people focus on similarities, whereas others focus on differences. Our attitudes and our perceptions of other people affect our relationships with them.

Dealing with clients "Customers don't care what you know until they know that you care." "Be quick to listen and slow to speak." "Seek first to understand, then to be understood." How to Turn Consumer Complaints into Gold 1. If a business make quality products, should they need to answer complaints? Yes, because it is part of satisfying the customer They shouldn't, if they are invalid complaints Only when it is covered in a warrantee

2. What can happen if a company ignores complaints? The word starts to get around They save money and time


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Commercial English Lessons They can show they don't need those customers

3. How can a complaint help a company? It gives people in the complaint department things to do They can make the competition over-confident They can find out about unknown problems If you got all three correct, you are on your way to becoming a champion in TQM. If you had problems, you had better look over the material again.


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What sizes does this skirt/shirt come in?

¿En qué talles (tallas) viene esta pollera (falda)/camisa?

Does it come in size 10 and 14?

¿Viene en talles (tallas) 10 y 14?

What size do you take?

¿Qué talle (talla) usa usted?

The customer insists that he/she La clienta/El cliente insiste que takes size 10 (Small, Medium, ella/él usa talle 10 (pequeño, Large). mediano, grande). It's too short. I think a size 12 would suit you perfectly.

Es demasiado corto/a. Creo que un talle 12 le quedaría muy bien.

This dress are is too and the shoulders toolong tight.

Este vestido es demasiado largo y los hombros son demasiado ajustados (ceñidos).

English Proverbs

You are what you own.

Brain is better than brawn.

Tanto tienes, tanto vales Más vale maña que fuerza..

A few germs never hurt anyone.

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

Chancho limpio nunca engorda.

En las malas se conocen a los amigos.

A man may learn with every day.

All talk and no action. Mucho ruido y pocas nueces.

Todos los días se aprende algo.

Cowards die many times.

Beggars can't be choosers.

Quien teme la muerte no goza la vida.

Cuando hay hambre, no hay pan duro.

Different strokes for different folks.

As sure as eggs is eggs.

Como que dos y dos son cuatro

Sobre gustos, no hay nada escrito

Such father, such son.

Long absent ... soon forgotten.

Detal palo, tal astilla.

Si te he visto ... no me acuerdo.

Better later than never.

It’s not the end of the world.

Mejortarde que nunca.

Más se perdió en la guerra.

Half a loaf is better than no

Hope deferred makes the heart

bread. Peor es nada.

sick. Quien espera, desespera.


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Commercial English Lessons Never say die.

Never too late to do well.

Persevera y triunfarás. Nuncaes tarde cuando la dicha es buena.

It things Es just peor makes el remedio que worse. la

It’s a small world. El mundo es un pañuelo.

enfermedad.

Long absent, soon forgotten.

Prevention is better than cure.

Ojos que no ven, corazón que no llora

Más vale prevenir que curar.

Let bygones be bygones.

Man cannot live by bread alone.

Lo pasado, pisado

No sólo de pan vive el hombre.

Live and let live.

Money goes where money is.

Hay de todo en la viña del Señor.

La plata llama a la plata.

There’s honor among thieves.

One can never know too much.

Entre bueyes no hay cornadas.

El saber no ocupa lugar.

What the boss says goes.

It never rains but it pours.

Donde manda capitán, no manda marinero.

Siempre llueve sobre mojado.

The pen is mightier than the sword.

The truth will out.

Más puede la pluma que la espada.

cortas.

Misfortunes always come in threes.

In for a penny, in for a pound.

Las mentiras tienen las patas

Ya que estamos en el baile, bailemos.

No hay dos sin tres.

Faint heart never won fair lady. El mundo es de los audaces.

Everyone gets deserts sooner or later. A cada chancho le llega su San Martín.

An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

Each one knows where problems lie.

A diario una manzana es cosa sana.

Cada uno sabe dónde le aprieta el zapato.

You can’t serve God and Mammon.

Things often happen when you least expect them to.

No se puede quedar bien con Dios y con el Diablo.

Cuando menos se piensa, salta la liebre.

You have to suffer in the name

The shoemaker’s son always

of Lo fashion. que es moda no incomoda.

goes barefoot. En casa de herrero, cuchillo de palo Page 74

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ingles-comercial

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Commercial English Lessons The remedy may be worse than the disease.

Her left hand doesn’t know what her right hand is doing.

El remedio puede ser peor que la enfermedad.

Borra con el codo lo que escribe con la mano.

It’s no crime to steal from a thief.

Never mouth.look a gift horse in the

Quien roba a un ladrón ladrón tiene cien años de perdón.

A caballo regalado no se le miran los dientes.

Give a dog a bad name and hang it.

We’ll just have to make do. A falta de pan, buenas son tortas.

Cría fama y échate a dormir

Married people need a home of their own.

It’s the same people under another name.

El casado casa quiere.

Es el mismo perro con diferente collar.

Birth is much, but breeding is more.

Nothing goes on for ever. No hay mal que dure cien años (ni cuerpo que lo resista).

Nome digas con quien naces, sino con quien paces.

Everyone sees things from his (her) own point of view.

Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery.

Uno habla de la feria según le va

El mejor halago es que lo imiten a

en ella.

The best way to solve a problem is to attack its cause.

uno.

Muerto el perro, terminada la rabia.

Dios aprieta, pero no ahorca.

Hope is a good breakfast but a bad supper. Con esperanza no se

There’s no substitute for experience.

come.

Más sabe el diablo por viejo que por diablo

God tempers the wind to the shorn lamb.


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Commercial English Lessons regular verbs list TABLE # 1 Verbs that duplicate their final consonant (admit - admitted) or change "-y" for "-ied", when the "y" is preceded by a consonant (bury - buried).

1

INFINITIVE

2

PAST

3 PARTICIPLE admitted

CASTELLANO

admit (admít)

admitted (admítid )

ban (ban) beg (beg) bury (béri) clap (kláp) copy (kópi) cry (krái) drop (drop) dry (drái) empty (émpti) fancy (fánsi) fit (fit) fry (frái) hug (jág) hurry (jári) identify

banned (bánd) begged (bégd) buried (bérid) clapped (klápt) copied (kópid) cried (kráid) dropped (drópt) dried (dráid) emptied (émptid) fancied (fánsid) fitted (fítid) fried (fráid) hugged (jágd) hurried (járid) identified

banned (bánd) begged (bégd) buried (bérid) clapped (klápt) copied (kópid) cried (kráid) dropped (drópt) dried (dráid) emptied (émptid) fancied (fánsid) fitted (fítid) fried (fráid) hugged (jágd) hurried (járid) identified

(aidéntifai)

(aidéntifaid)

(aidéntifaid)

knit (nit) knot (not) label (léibl) level (lével)

knitted (nítid) knotted (nótid) labelled (léibld) levelled (léveld)

knitted (nítid) knotted (nótid) labelled (léibld) levelled (léveld)

marry (mári) multiply

married (márid) married (márid) casarse multiplied (móltí- multiplied (móltí-

(máltíplai)

pláid)

(admítid )

pláid)

pedal (pédal) plan (plan) plug (plag) prefer (prífér) program

pedalled (pédald) planned (pland) plugged (plagd) preferred (prifert) programmed

pedalled (pédald) planned (pland) plugged (plagd) preferred (prifert) programmed

(prógram) regret (rigrét)

(prógramd)

(prógramd)

regretted

regretted

admitir prohibir rogar enterrar aplaudir copiar gritar, llorar dejar caer, caerse secar vaciar imaginar, desear caber, encajar freír abrazar apurarse identificar tejer anudar etiquetar nivelar

multiplicar pedalear planear, planificar conectar preferir programar lamentarse


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Commercial English Lessons (rigrétid)

(rigrétid)

rely (relái) reply (replái)

relied (reláid) replied (repládt)

relied (reláid) replied (repláid)

confiar

(rób) rob rub (rab)

(róbd) robbed rubbed (rábd) satisfied

(róbd) robbed rubbed (rábd) satisfied

robar frotar

(satisfáid)

(satisfáid)

shop (shop)

shopped (shópt)

signal (sígnal)

signalled (sígnald)

shopped (shópt) signalled

sin (sín) skip (skíp) slip (slíp)

sinned (sínd) skipped (skípt) slipped (slípt)

stop (stop)

stopped (stópt)

supply (saplái) terrify (térrifai)

supplied (sapláid) supplied (sapláid) proveer terrified (térriterrified (térrifáid)

fáid)

tip (típ)

tipped (típt)

travel (trável)

travelled (tráveld)

tipped (típt) travelled

try (trái) worry (uári)

tried (tráid) worried (uárid)

satisfy (satisfái)

responder

satisfacer

(sígnald) sinned (sínd)

comprar hacer señales pecar

skipped (skípt) slipped (slípt)

saltearse

stopped (stópt)

pararse, detenerse

deslizarse

aterrorizar dar propina viajar

(tráveld) tried (tráid)

tratar, intentar

worried (uárid)

preocuparse

irregular verbs list 3 PARTICIPLE CASTELLANO

1 INFINITIVE 2 PAST was /were be

been (bin)

ser, estar

become (bikám) became

become

llegar a ser

begun (bigán)

comenzar

(bi)

(uós/uér) (bikéim)

begin (biguín) break (bréik) bring (bring) build (bilt) buy (bái)

began (bigén)

(bikám)

broke

broken

(bróuk)

(bróukn)

brought (brot)

brought (brot)

built (bilt) built (bilt) bought (bot) bought (bot)

romper traer construir comprar


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Commercial English Lessons catch (kach) choose (chus) come (kám)

caught (kot) caught (kot) agarrar chose (chos) chosen (chúsn) elegir came (keím) come (kám) venir

(kat) cut do (dú) draw (dró)

(kat) cut did (díd) drew (drú) drank

drink (drink) drive (dráiv) eat (í:t) fall (fol) feel (fí:l) find (fáind) fly (flái) forget (forguét)

(kat) cut done (dán) drawn (drón)

cortar hacer

drunk (drank)

beber

driven (drívn)

conducir

eaten (ítn) fallen (fólen) felt (felt)

comer

found (fáund)

encontrar

flew (flu) forgot

flown (flón) forgotten

volar

(forgót)

(forgótn)

(drénk)

drove (dróuv) ate (et)

fell (fel) felt (felt) found (faúnd)

got /gotten

dibujar

caer sentir

olvidar obtener, conseguir

get (guét)

got (got)

(guív) give go (góu) grow (gróu) hang (jéng) have (jev) hear (jíar) keep (kí:p) know (nóu)

(guéiv) gave went (uént) grew (grú) hung (jáng) had (jad) heard (jerd) kept (kept) knew (niú)

(gívn) given gone (góun) grown (grón) hung (jáng) had (jad) heard (jerd) kept (kept) known (nóun)

dar ir

learn (lérn) lose (lú:s) make (méik) meet (mí:t) pay (péi) put (put) read (rid) ride (ráid)

learnt (lernt) lost (lost) made (méid) met (met) paid (ped) put (put) read (red) rode (róud)

learnt (lernt) lost (lost) made (méid) met (met) paid (ped) put (put) read (red) ridden (rídn)

aprender perder

ring (ring) run (ran)

rang (reng) rung (rang) ran (ren) run (ran)

(got/gotn)

cultivar, crecer colgar tener, haber oir guardar saber, conocer

hacer, fabricar encontrarse con pagar poner leer cabalgar sonar correr


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Commercial English Lessons say (séi) see (sí:) sell (sel)

said (sed) saw (sóu) sold (sold)

said (sed) seen (sin) sold (sold)

send (send) show (shóu)

(sent) sent showed

enviar sent (sent) shown (shóun) mostrar

shut (shat) sing (sing) sleep (slíp)

shut (shat) sang (seng) sung (sang) slept (slépt) slept (slépt) smelt smelt

smell (smel)

(shóut) shut (shat)

(smelt)

(smelt)

decir ver vender

cerrar cantar dormir oler

spoke

spoken

speak (spik) spend (spend)

(spóuk)

(spóukn)

hablar

spent (spent)

gastar, pasar

stand (stand) steal (stíl)

pararse

swim (suím)

stood (stú:d) stood (stú:d) stole (stóul) stolen (stóln) swam swum (suám)

take (téik)

took (tul)

taken (téikn)

tomar, llevar

(tích) teach tell (tel)

enseñar decir, contar

think (zink)

(tot) taught (tot) taught told (told) told (told) thought thought (zot)

wake (uéik) wear (uéar) win (uín) write (ráit)

woke (uóuk) wore (uór) won (uón) wrote (róut)

despertarse

spent (spent)

(suém)

(zot)

waken (uéikn) worn (uórn) won (uón) written (rítn)

robar nadar

pensar, creer

usar (ropa) ganar escribir


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