Final-Draft-Hotel.pdf

COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATIO INFORMATION N SCIENCES

Bachelor of Science in Information Technology

CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1.0 Introduction

Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System is a transaction processing system that solves the problem encountered in using the manual hotel reservation. The Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System aims to simplify the manual hotel reservation faster and more accurate. Database is shared thru Wide Area Network (WAN). The researchers make use of some tools and techniques to build the project. The system uses Graphical User Interface (GUI) to help the user easily manage the system. The system, once implemented, will solve the most common problems that the hotel reservation encounters. Today, most of the hotels provide goods and services using computer system. It help them to perform task in an easy way wa y with less time consumed. Some companies become b ecome fully automated while others strive for the similar setting. The advent of new technology gave rise to easy and hassle free interaction between and among humans whether it is in business, science or whatever task, a person takes on the quality and speed of carrying out an enhanced technology through automation or computer enabled services with efficiency and quality as its bedrock. Today, more and more systems are moving towards IT enabled process to facilitate day to day transaction. The hotel reservation system is a transaction processing system that is more advantageous over the traditional manual process.

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1.1 Project Context The existence of many sophisticated computer systems and various innovations that we find in this age of technological innovation innovation justifies the saying that “necessity is the mother of all inventions” inventions ”. The need to share information in a so called “glo “ glo bal network” and man‟s desire to communicate from long distances called for the birth of the World Wide Web. In this time internet revolution where everybody wants to be connected anywhere at any time, many of the mundane tasks and businesses that people conducted were made feasible. Things like buying and selling various products can now be done online. The consumer no longer needs to moves from his location. A few clicks from his mouse will suffice enough to do the job. You can now also earn a degree by taking an online education. It is no wonder that booking hotel rooms can now be done in a more convenient way today. If a certain traveler is planning to visit a foreign place, it would be hard for him if he does not. Have a hotel or residence to reside in that country. Before, booking a certain hotel room required long processes such as talking to a hotel personnel either in person or through the phone.

. 1.2 Purpose and Description

The purpose of the system is to develop a web-based hotel reservation with centralized billing system. The project‟s goal is to give a more convenient way of reserving a hotel room. “HRCBS” HRCBS” is used in the title as it is an abbreviation which means “Hotel “Hotel Reservation with Centralized Billing System”. System”.

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1.1 Project Context The existence of many sophisticated computer systems and various innovations that we find in this age of technological innovation innovation justifies the saying that “necessity is the mother of all inventions” inventions ”. The need to share information in a so called “glo “ glo bal network” and man‟s desire to communicate from long distances called for the birth of the World Wide Web. In this time internet revolution where everybody wants to be connected anywhere at any time, many of the mundane tasks and businesses that people conducted were made feasible. Things like buying and selling various products can now be done online. The consumer no longer needs to moves from his location. A few clicks from his mouse will suffice enough to do the job. You can now also earn a degree by taking an online education. It is no wonder that booking hotel rooms can now be done in a more convenient way today. If a certain traveler is planning to visit a foreign place, it would be hard for him if he does not. Have a hotel or residence to reside in that country. Before, booking a certain hotel room required long processes such as talking to a hotel personnel either in person or through the phone.

. 1.2 Purpose and Description

The purpose of the system is to develop a web-based hotel reservation with centralized billing system. The project‟s goal is to give a more convenient way of reserving a hotel room. “HRCBS” HRCBS” is used in the title as it is an abbreviation which means “Hotel “Hotel Reservation with Centralized Billing System”. System”.

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HRCBS is a web-based reservation system that would harness the capability of the internet and the hotel to be connected. This real time reservation system will make the hotel reservation more convenient.

1.3 Statement of the Objectives

The following will be the general and the specific objectives of HRCBS: 1.3.1

General Objective

The main objective of this research project is to design, develop, test and evaluate a Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System that helps customers to check and book available hotel rooms and have it paid once the guest/guests reach the hotel. 1.3.2

Specific Objectives

The following are the specific objectives the researchers plan to accomplish: a) Creates a module that displays the available hotel rooms in a specific date entered by the guest(s) to book; b) Creates information management module that summarizes information about the different hotel rooms available for booking and other facilities that can give the guest the edge of maximizing his interest about the hotel. c) Creates account management module that enables admin to change the availability of a room booked by the guest(s).

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COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCES


d) Creates centralized billing module that enables the system to computes all of the purchases made by the guest(s) in the hotel; and e) Generate guest bills thru automatic computations of all the acquired services of the guest during his stay. 1.4 Scope and Limitations

This study is conducted to determine on how researchers will help the hotel management process. A Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System is fully scalable and designed to provide extensive flexibility and varied choices. Typical hotel reservation and e-commerce hotel system software reservation solutions currently in place and available today are technically designed to achieve only one objective function, which is to connect buyer to seller. 1.4.1

Scope

This study mainly focused on providing an effective transaction processing system especially in the Hotel indu stry that enables businesses to track services and aims to provide accurate and reliable process on every transaction especially in a hotel reservation. This study looked into a better impact of using technology today on how it affects our daily lives especially for being the customer. With this study it can help the beneficiaries to know the differences between using manual system.

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1.4.2

Limitations

The Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System is designed to manage hotel bookings a standard procedure made directly by guests. Its powerful hotel reservation, marketing & merchandising features gives you the ability to control dynamic room or tour allotments, distribute confidential trade rates, provide varying rates and commissions, multiple seasons, distributing last minute rates. The Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System will allow you to control your hotel reservation. 1.5 Significance of the Project or Project Justification

By developing a service for hotel reservation system, it can help customers to book a hotel room without doing manual reservation. It can simplify the work and not wasting much time. Moreover, it is an easier solution rather than to fill up a form manually. Hotels who use this service will have to type in the name of the customer, check in date, and number of rooms required on their computer and inputs the information to a database. Customers will, then, be informed whether the reservations have been approved. Company – The proposed system will make the procedure faster and easier and will lessen time waiting for the guest/guests to pay for their order Manager – This system lessens the work to be done by the manager because it can generate reports easily.

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Employees – This system helps them to give accurate information and billing statement to the customer. Guest/Guests – They will have no difficulty in paying bills when the hotel delivers their order. The proposed system gives accurate information and expenses they made when the guest/guests checks out the hotel. 1.6 Conceptual Definition A hotel reservation system. It is a computerized system that stores and

distributes information of a hotel, resort, or other lodging facilities. Mobile Operating System. It is a set of data and programs that runs on a

computer or mobile device. It manages all the hardware and optimizes the efficacy of the application software in the device. Module.

It is a self-contained component of a system, often

interchangeable, which has a well-defined interface to the other components. Centralized Billing System. It is a combination of software and hardware

that receives detail and service usage information, groups this information for specific accounts or customers, produces invoices, creates reports for management, and records (posts) payments made to customer accounts.

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CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This section covers the related studies as well as the foreign and local parallel studies of the proposed system gathered from several studies such as Internet, documentary works of other graduates and professionals in order to enhance th e studies of the proposed system.

The purpose of this study is to help the hotels in their business transactions, and make their work much faster, easier and more accurate

2.1. Technical Background

The software used in developing the system and how the software is used in the system. HTML5

HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web. PhoneGap

PhoneGap is a mobile development framework produced by Nitobi, purchased by Adobe System in 2011.

PHP (Pre-Hypertext processor) Page | 7



PHP stands for Pre-Hyper processor which is a server side scripting language that is used for forwarding data from websites to the server or retrieve data from a database linked to the website. In the system, PHP was used to apply data from the forms on the website and then compare it with the researchers used it to retrieve the data from the forms on the website and then compare it with the database or create a new database entry. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language and is another scripting language. This scripting language is only used for designing and developing a website. The researchers used HTML to create the skeleton or structure of the system in terms of design and layout. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets and is primarily used with HTML. CSS is commonly used to apply several styles by just linking one file. This way designs can be easily applied to the website. This was also the case with the proposed system and the researchers used it for applying the designs onto the structures of the system making it more appealing to the user. XAMMP (Cross Platform, Apache, MYSQL, PHP and PERL)

The XAMPP application is used for development and testing. It serves as the database (MYSQL) and web (APACHE) serve while the system is being developed. It also contains Pre-Hyper processor (PHP) which is the language that the researchers use.

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Android

It is a mobile operating system (OS) based on the Linux kernel and currently developed by Google.

2.2. Related Studies 2.2.1. GalaHotels.com

GalaHotels.com they require up-front payment with credit card to ensure that guests have a room when they arrive and not be "Bumped" or "Overbooked." They have digital certification from Thawte proofs that their site has passed the strictest security tests and that all credit card transactions use Secure Socket Layers (SSL) encryption. This means that all the information sent to GalaHotels.com during a booking cannot be intercepted or decrypted by anyone else. The proposed system is similar to GalaHotels.com in terms of their security in credit card transaction encryption. The system will ensure the customers that their confidential information will be kept personal and secured. 2.2.2. Agoda.com

Agoda.com's award-winning website is fast, easy to use, and employs world-class technology to offer instant confirmation for every one of their hundreds of thousands of listed hotels. In addition to a wide selection of accommodation and room types, the millions of Agoda.com

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hotel reviews are 100 percent authentic, submitted by customers after they have completed their hotel stay. The proponents‟ system will also send confirmation letter to customers who have requested for reservation to ensure them that their reservation is valid and can be rest assured that when they come to the hotel, they have a room waiting for them.

2.2.3. HRS.com

HRS operates a global electronic hotel reservation system for business and private travelers based on a database of more than 250,000 hotels in all price categories in Germany, Europe and the rest of the world. This system enables users to make direct reservations free of charge, with immediate confirmation and at continually-updated special HRS prices. The room prices quoted for selected hotels are guaranteed for the reservation in question. HRS.com is similar to the proponents‟ system that also have database that contains all the necessary information about the hotel. The database of the system will give the company the security that whatever may happen to the hardcopy of all their transactions, they have a back-up stored in the system‟s database. 2.2.4. ebookers.com

The system uses innovative technology to enable leisure and business travelers to research, plan and book a broad range of travel Page | 10



products. Ebookers also offer holiday package can offer unrivalled value and quality, whether you're looking for a European city break, a sunshine getaway in the tropics or a sporting holiday on the Algarve. The system of the proponents considers the long-stay promo of Hotel De Gloria Inc., Cavite making automated computation of bills that is fitting to the promo offered. There are also times where the company increases their rate, especially during peak season, which the proponents will include in the system. 2.2.5. Best Reliable Online Hotel Booking Company Reviews by Edwin M. Clark

When it comes to choosing which companies to use to book hotels online you should find a company that specializes in the hotel market for the country you are planning to visit. It is really that simple. Normally we would book our hotels using the services of the biggest and most well known Internet travel agencies such as Travelocity or Priceline. The main reason why local based hotel reservation agencies are able to get the best deals is because they have a much better understanding about the region they represent and have a closer partnership with the hotels they are partnered with. Hotels realize that these agencies have a greater potential of getting their properties known. Even though you may not have heard of any of these companies before they are certainly well known throughout the regions they are based in. Booking a hotel online is simple and easy these days. Remember to Page | 11



think local and book local. It‟s one of the best ways of landing yourself the best hotel deals. 2.2.6. Hotel Swiss-Garden Kuala Lumpur(2008 )

The

official

website

for

Hotel

Swiss-Garden

is

http://www.swissgarden.net/. The main functions of Hotel Swiss-Garden online reservation system are to provide hotel information and online room reservation. Visitors can get hotel information such as location of hotel, room rates, room description and hotel facilities. The reservation process required quest to fill their detail in reservation form. Reservation is guarantee by giving the credit card details or by cash deposit. The layout of this online system is clear and user-friendly. Guest can browse through the website to get the information easily. The content of the website is upto-date, with no grammatical or spelling mistakes. The user-friendly layout of system is a good example for the developed portal to follow. This is to make sure that the visitors will feel comfortable or easy to browse through the portal. The up-to-date contents, without grammatical or spelling mistakes and broken links are to guarantee visitors can get the right idea. This is a very important theory to apply in the developed system, as information is crucial for potential quests. The portal must make sure that potential quests get the correct information, such as room rates and hotel location. This online system only shows the static picture of the hotel room. Guests are not able to view the whole picture of the room they are going to reserved and stay. A Page | 12



picture worth a thousand words. Instead of giving plenty words to explain the room condition, it is more suitable for quest to have a virtual tour on the room they are going to stay. This can increase their satisfaction towards the room condition. The online system of Swiss-Garden is fully organized by its developer. The content of this system will need the website designer to update. As online reservation system is part of the hotel‟s property, hotel staff should have the authority to handle the online system. There should be a way for them to update the information themselves, without refer to the website designer. The online system should provide contact information to allow quest to contact if they have any questions or comments. It is important to listen to the feedback from them, in order to enhance the quality of hotel‟s services. As conclusion, good characteristic of this online system is applied in the developed to enables staff to organize their online reservation system. The developed system is appeared to be more attractive, efficient and dynamic. 2.2.7. Hotel Shangri-La, Singapore.

The official website is http://www.shangri-la.com/. Shangri-La Rasa Sentosa Resort, Singapore is one of the hotel chains for Shangri-La Corporation. The official website for Shangri-La Sentosa Singapore is very powerful website, which consist for many useful functions. The Page | 13



purposes of the website for Shangri-La Sentosa are to provide hotel‟s information and online room reservation. Visitors can get the hotel information such as hotel location, room rates, hotel promotions, room description, photo gallery, and hotel services and facilities from this website. Besides, the website also includes a fantastic function, which is virtual tour for hotel. The places available in virtual tour are lobby, rooms, function rooms, recreation, restaurant and bars. Visitors can use their computer mouse to navigate around the hotel. For business person usage, the website provides a form for quest to fill in their reservation details. In addition to room reservation, guests may fill in another form to make special request for their reservation. The structure of this website is well organized and easy to navigate through. Visitors may get a lot of information from this website. The content of the website is up-to-date, with no grammatical or spelling mistakes and broken links. The up-to-date contents, without grammatical or spelling mistakes and broken links are to guarantee visitors to get the right data. This is a very important theory to apply in the developed system, as information is crucial for potential quests. The portal must make sure that potential quests get the correct information, such as room rates and hotel location. The virtual tour on hotel has added interactive effect and therefore can attract more visitors to visit the website. By clearly Shown hotel condition, this may help guest to better understand the place they are going to stay. They can easily choose any room they wish after the virtual Page | 14



tour. Anyway, each visitor will have to install Java application before they can view the virtual tour application. As conclusion, Shangri-La Sentosa online reservation system is an efficient, powerful and robust online system. The good characteristics of this online system should be learn and apply in the developed system. In order to enhance the current system, the system is developed to enables every visitors having their virtual tour on hotel. The developed system is appeared to be more attractive, efficient and dynamic to attract more customers. 2.2.8. Marco Polo Guesthouse.

The official website is http://www.penangguesthouse.com.. The core functions of Marco Polo Guesthouse online reservation system are to provide

online

room

reservation,

hotel

information

and

tourist

information. Visitors can get the guesthouse information such as location, room rates, room description and other facilities. In addition, guest can get the tourist information of the place where Marco Polo Guesthouse is located. Marco Polo Guesthouse is located at Batu Ferringhi, Penang. The online system had includes the traveling information of Batu Ferringhi, and Pulau Pinang as well. This online system appears to have multifunctions, in addition to online reservation system. Visitors may get know more about the place they are going to stay, and have make sure they had a select a right place to stay. The online system had stated out the contact Page | 15



person‟s number and email clearly. In case visitors have any questioners, they can call or write to the contact person. Suggestions from guest are good to help the hotel business growing. Anyway, the online system did not provide an instant booking system. Guests will have to wait for confirmation within 24 hours after their booking. To enhance the current system, system is developed to enables guest have availability checks and instant confirmation of the booking. The purpose of this feature is to save valuable time and to cut cost, as it will eliminate email exchanges between guests and reservation department. Valuable reservations staff time is saved because reservation requests will no longer have to be processed. Although the online system had included the picture for the bedroom, kitchen and dining room, visitors only can view of it. With a more advance feature provide in developed system, visitors will be able to view the whole room, for every angle of the room. The current online system for Marco Polo Guesthouse did not include the management for housekeeping. In addition to enhance the functionality of developed system, a „Housekeeping‟ features added for housekeeper to perform their daily work. 2.3.Related Literature 2.3.1. Online Billing and Reservation System for Royal Palm Paradise Resort (C.L. Adap, J.R. San Juan, P.B. Sillo, March 2013)

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The system contains two pages which are Administrator page and Customer page. The Administrator page has the authority to access the whole system and will be able to update all the records of the customers for reservations made through phone call or walk-in customers, change the status of the reservation of the customers, update the list of the facilities available in the resort. Computation of bills of reservation and add-ons, and generating of reports are also under the Administrator page. The proponents‟ system also contains contains an administrator page that can view all the transactions made within the system, including the people who made reservations, their reservations and their total bills. The proposed system will also enable the administrator to generate reports about the information about the reservations made and the total income they earned.

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2.3.2. Online Billing and Reservation System of Adams Beach Resort (J.A. Legaspi, M. Lamson, P.V. Gazme, March 2011)

The Online Billing and Reservation System of Adams Beach Resort was developed in order for the company to have a systematized form of operation and transaction in addition to a trouble-free work for the officers-in-charge. The system has a user-friendly environment and includes reservation packages, services and procedures. The proponents‟ system is like the Online Billing and Reservation System of Adams Beach Resort because it is also developed to provide a systematic operation and transaction for Hotel De Gloria Inc., Cavite to help both the company and the customers by giving a convenient way of billing and reservation process.

2.3.3. Online

Billing

and

Reservation

System

of

Waterville

Island

Resort(M.R. Condino, A.M. Cuevas, G. De Leon, March 2013)

The mode of payment of the system is through credit card where 50% deposit is required for every reservation made. The information are stored in database that is why the system can be used to retrieve data and display available rooms for reservations. 2.3.4. The proposed system is similar to the Online Billing and Reservation

System of Waterville Island Resort because it will also have database where all information will be stored for security. The proposed s ystem will

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also use credit cards as the mode of payment and the hotel also requires 50% downpayment for any reservation 2.3.5. O’Brien and Marakas, and Marakas, 2010.

Information systems are necessary for a business‟ survival and an effective computerized information system has been known as a vital business advantage. State that information systems can be any organized combination of people, hardware, software, communications networks, data resources and

policies and

procedures that stores, retrieves,

transforms and disseminates information in an organization. 2.3.6. The development of An Online Hotel Reservation System by Iana N.K. Fevriere(2013).

This project aimed to create an Online Reservation System for a small Hotel. The hotel is a Small to Medium Enterprise (SME) in Saint Lucia, West Indies named Paradise Hotel. This new system enables guests to make reservations from anywhere around the world and is accessible via the Internet. This system fulfills some basic functionality including; gathering customers details, example; number of people in party, contact number, address, duration of stay, date of arrival and departure, email address, room booked and number of children in party, if any. The system is implemented to replace the current, error-prone manual filing system used by Paradise Hotel.

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2.3.7. Lamparter (2011)

Said that today, the first inter -organizational tracking & tracing systems facilitate timely identification and handling of disruptions along the supply chain. However, these systems typically operate at SCM and ERP level and therefore lack knowledge and control over production processes. This paper bridges the gap between logistics and production IT by proposing a novel architecture for coupling the manufacturing operations as defined in IEC 62264 with an EPCIS-compliant real time tracking & tracing system. The system leverages logic-based complex event processing for detecting critical disruptions in the supply chain and initiates rescheduling of production. It is shown that in the presence of unexpected events the rescheduling algorithm minimizes delays and inventory costs while avoiding “nervous schedules” caused by frequent changes. As proof of concept a reference implementation of the architecture is realized within a discrete production line. 2.3.8. Catalogue Horse21. (20l3)

An online hotel Catalogue in Philippine. The Microtel Inn & Suites by Wyndham Manila/At Mall of Asia is strategically situated near SMX Convention Center, SM Mall of Asia and Ninoy Aquino International Airport. It is near major business districts and tourist destinations. It is easily accessible by private and public transport. The hotel has a restaurant serving international cuisine and function room for 200 persons. The swimming pool located at the roof deck will be operational soon. Free Page | 20



WIFI in Lobby, Restaurant Only. Php 100/hour for in-room internet use. Free buffet breakfast in all rooms. Hotel does n ot offer room only rate. Microtel by Wyndham® stands out from other properties because of the system-wide design of its buildings and furnishings that stress function, comfort, and convenience, while at the same time meeting international quality standards. The online system did not provide an instant booking system. Guests will have to wait for confirmation within 24 hours after their booking. To enhance the current system, system is developed to enables guest have availability checks and instant confirmation of the booking. The purpose of this feature is to save valuable time and to cut cost, as it will

eliminate

email

exchanges

between

guests

and

reservation

department. Valuable reservations staff time is saved because reservation requests will no longer have to be processed. As conclusion, system will be developed to have an instant booking for the room and meals. There is a „back office‟ for them to control the content of the portal. This is to help hotel in better management of their reservation and 2.3.9. Shangri-La's Mactan Resort & Spa (20l3)

A resort hotel owned by Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts located at the island of Mactan, Cebu. It was once the Philippines' largest resorts,

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equipped with 547 guest rooms and suites.Shangri-La's Mactan Resort and Spa, Cebu received the “ASEAN Green Hotel Standard” at the ASEAN Tourism Forum 2008 held recently in Bangkok, Thailand.Since it opened in October 1993, Shangri-La‟s Mactan Resort and Spa, Cebu has won various awards from international institutions such as Asia Money, Business Traveller, Conde Nast, HotelClub.com, Smart Travel Asia, Time Magazine, Travel Weekly (for “Best Spa”) and Zagat World‟s Top Hotels, Resorts and Spas. Besides, the website also includes a fantastic function, which is virtual tour for hotel. The places available in virtual tour are lobby, rooms, function rooms, recreation, restaurant and bars. Visitors can use their computer mouse to navigate around the hotel. For business person usage, the website provides a form for quest to fill in their reservation details. In addition to room reservation, guests may fill in another form to make special request for their reservation. The structure of this website is well organized and easy to navigate through. Visitors may get a lot of information from this website As conclusion, Shangri-La‟s Mactan Resort &SPA online reservation system is an efficient, powerful and robust online system. The good characteristics of this online system should be learn and apply in the developed system. In order to enhance the current system, the system is developed to enables every visitors having their virtual tour on hotel. The

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developed system is appeared to be more attractive, efficient and dynamic to attract more customers. 2.3.10. Marco Polo Hotel (2013)

Every hotel of the Marco Polo group is an embodiment of Asian warmth and Western comfort, a blend which conjures an unforgettable experience for every guest staying with us.Marco Polo hotels provide their guests with a unique travel experience which embraces the local charm and the adventure of travel with the deeply instilled elegance and warmth of the in-house culture of Marco Polo hotels.Every Marco Polo hotel befits the new-age traveller, whether on business or leisure, with its elegant design, impeccable service and modern comforts.Just like the continent we are based in – Asia, Marco Polo Hotels with its thirteen properties in key Asian business destinations has flourished and established itself as one of the leading hotel brands in the region.

Anyway, the online system did not provide an instant booking system. Guests will have to wait for confirmation within 24 hours after their booking. To enhance the current system, system is developed to enables guest have availability checks and instant confirmation of the booking. The purpose of this feature is to save valuable time and to cut cost, as it will eliminate email exchanges between guests and reservation department. Valuable reservations staff time is saved because reservation requests will no longer have to be processed. Although the online system Page | 23



had included the picture for the bedroom, kitchen and dining room, visitors only can view of it. With a more advance feature provide in developed system, visitors will be able to view the whole room, for every angle of the room. The current online system for Marco Polo Hotel did not include the management for housekeeping. In addition to enhance the functionality of developed system, a „Housekeeping‟ features added for housekeeper to perform their daily work. As conclusion of this case study, system will be developed to have an instant booking for the room and meals. There is a „back office‟ for them to control the content of the portal. This is to help hotel in better management

of

their

reservation

and

content

of

portal.

The

„Housekeeping‟ features also hope to provide staff have better management of daily work and be able to work on schedule. 2.3.11. bituin Abi, August 2010), 658 Apartelle Online Reservation System.

Short term base lodging is the main reason that a hotel has been established. In the Philippines, wherein many foreign people go and have a vacation, hotel is always their first destination to have relaxation after long hours of travel in an airplane. Because of the rapid increase of foreigners visiting the Philippines for a vacation, a common sight is the establishments ad sophisticated hotels for competitive advantage. As the result of the competition between different hotels, various business strategies had been made to attract customers, such as putting Page | 24



discounts, having beautiful and relaxing environment and above all having a

state

of

the

art

computer

system

and

facilities.

The current problem observed is the manual guest list records, the manual reservation of guests, the manual booking of rooms for the guests which

takes

a

long

time

to

accomplish.

According to the manager in the establishment, because they keep on doing their job manually, it resulted to a very messy office, lots of papers around the desks and sometimes important documents disappear. From the information gathered, the proponents came up with an idea of proposing a system that is relevant to the needs of the establishment, highly efficient to meet their needs and most of all simple, easy to use system. The 658 Apartelle Online Reservation Management System is not only a database for guest list but also an online reservation system, where potential guest can have online reservation which will automatically be sent to the database of the 658 Apartelle. Based on the proponent‟s observation and interview, they have found many problems such as time consuming logging of the guest list names to the log book, difficulties in making reservations and difficulties in retrieving information on their previous guests because of the papers that are scattered everywhere and misplacing of the guestless records.

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As a conclusion, this system is similar to our system in the solution\on that going to provide to the user. Such as finding a room for a guest, and receive service.

2.3.12. Lagman D, (September 2012), Lan-Based Reservation System for Hacienda Gracia Resort and Hotel.

A resort is a place used for relaxation or recreation, where visitors are being attracted to take their holiday or vacation. It refers to places, towns or sometimes commercial establishments operated by a single company. On the other hand, a hotel is differentiated as an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. Computer programmers are continuously developing a system application to better serve resort or hotel guests because some hotels and resorts are becoming fully automated while others are still striving for the similar setting.

The researchers introduce a “LAN-Based Reservation with Billing System for Hacienda Gracia Resort and Hotel” to improve its reservation and billing system. The advent of new technology gave rise to easy and hassle-free interaction between and among humans. This is why most hotel and resorts prefer to employ computerization in their business.

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As a conclusion, their system is a lan-based system so we generate their system a online system for some to organize and developed system is appeared to be more attractive, efficient and dynamic ,

2.3.13. According to the thesis of Arenas, “Tom’s Resort Reservation System” the Proponents explained that:

“Computer -based system can be able to minimize the time spent of a certain transaction beyond the business operation. It also reduce errors in recording and encoding multiple business Transactions.”

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CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN 3.1 Organizational Assessment

In the year 2003, the institution gave high priority to the need to offer hospitality courses. In the same year, Systems Plus College Foundation answered this necessity by establishing a College that catered various discipline in the field of hospitality. Thus, this realization paved the way to the inception of the College of Hospitality Management.

The first two programs, Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management (BSHRM) and Bachelor of Science in Tourism (BST), Opening its doors to these pioneering students marked its first year as a novel College of the institution.

Since then, SPCF and the College of Hospitality Management (CHM) braved itself to be one of the Higher Learning Institutions (HEI) in Pampanga that produces highly qualified graduates in the field of hospitality management.

The study focuses on managing the hotel reservation process that will allow the user to check available rooms in the hotel, manage reservations and book a hotel room online. The Centralized Billing Module, a system that computes all of the purchases made by the guest/guests in the hotel. Because it is developed for the hotel reservation, they can control all of the expenses made by the customer within the hotel, summarizes the bills and extra charges of the guest and also they can view the status of every hotel rooms.

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3.1.1

Operational Feasibility

The researchers have observed problems in the processes of making a hotel room reservation. The problem that the staff and customers encountered was the unmanaged customer database, manual registration when making a reservation and it will be a waste of time for the customers going to the hotel and knowing that there are no available room to reserve. That is why the researchers have come up with a module for the study which allows: 

The hotel admin to manage customer database, maintenance, announcements and services offered.



The front desk officers to view the status of every hotel rooms, manage reservations quickly and manage every requests and needs of a customer.



The customers to easily check online for available rooms to book.

3.1.2

Technical Feasibility

The proposed system is a web and mobile based system which gives the user ease of use. The only main requirement in order to run the system is to have a stable and adequate Internet connection, a smartphone and a computer system. So when tested and implemented at the locale, the only things needed are a Page | 29



personal computer, a smartphone and a stable Internet connection and network infrastructure which are all already present at the locale and would not be need to be purchased again. 3.1.3

Schedule Feasibility

In tackling the development of the system, the researchers decided to allot a certain amount of time to different tasks that need to be undergone in order for the successful development of the system. The allocated one (1) month for extensive data gathering in order to properly grasp the essence of the hotel reservation process. During the data gathering, prototypes of the system were conceptualized. 3.1.4

Economic Feasibility

Making a reservation in a hotel would be a lot easier due to the system. For example instead of going directly to the hotel the customer can check the website with their phone or in a computer to see if there are rooms available and what services do they offer. On the other hand the benefits of the research to the admin and the staff would be mainly non tangible. The benefits includes the increase in processes of making a hotel reservation, increase in online advertisement, generating the remaining and additional balance of the customer and checking of the status of every room could be easier and faster to process. Through the system the admin and the staff would be working more efficiently. Page | 30



Table 1: Cost Benefit Table COST

BENEFIT



Development cost.



Increase in making a reservation



Stable internet connection.



Easier computation of remaining and



Devices capable of web browsing.



Hosting of system.

additional balance 

Easier and faster checking of the status of every hotel room



Increase in online advertisement

3.2 Requirements Analysis and Specification 3.2.1

Requirements Analysis

HRCBS is a system that features the essence of a hotel reservation and centralized billing system. It has the capabilities to manage the hotel reservation and other services of the hotel. Making a reservation will be managed through the use of HRCBS. Managing hotel rooms and staffs will be made easier through the use of the system. The system will be able to help the user in booking a hotel room easier and less time consuming.

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3.2.2

Functional Requirements

This section lists the functional requirements which described as any inputs, outputs, and behavioral results of a process. (modules to be included in the study) 3.2.2.1 Availability Module

Displays the available hotel rooms in a specific date entered by the guest/guests to book. 3.2.2.2 Schedule Management Module

Updates of schedule changes for every hotel room being stored in the database of the hotel.

3.2.2.3 Information Management Module

A summary of information about the different hotel rooms available for booking and other facilities that can give the guest the edge in maximizing his interest about the hotel. 3.2.2.4 News and Announcement Module

An electronic bulletin for the website wherein they can post promos and announcements of the hotel. 3.2.2.5 Account Management Module

The admin can change the availability of a room booked by the guest/guests.

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3.2.3

Non Functional Requirements

Flexibility if the organization intends to increase or extend the functionality of the software after it is deployed, that should be planned from the beginning; it influences choices made during the design, development, testing, and deployment of the system. Portability specifies the ease with which the software can be installed on all necessary platforms, and the platforms on which it is expected to run. Speed Software that is scalable has the ability to handle a wide variety of system configuration sizes. The nonfunctional requirements should specify the ways in which the system may be expected to scale up (by increasing hardware capacity, adding machines, etc.). Ease-of-Access requirements address the factors that constitute the capacity of the software to be understood, learned, and used by its intended users. Maintenance the ability to change the system to deal with new technology or to fix defects. 3.3 System Design Specification

This section discusses the user interfaces and how the user will interact with the system. Furthermore, it tackles the database design, what d ata dependencies exist or relations. 3.3.1 Output and User Interface Design

Figure 1 shows the log in interface of the proposed system. In this interface the user has the choice to either register, login to the system or retrieve a forgotten password. Page | 33



When logging in, the user needs to provide his username and password. This will redirect the user to the respective home screen of the user. On the other hand when registering for the system the user will need to input his first name, last name, e-mail address, password and chose a host to which the user wants to belong to. Upon registering the user will be redirected to the Group Selection Interface.

Figure 1: Login Interface

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As shown in figure 2, the initial page that the user can access upon finishing registration, is limited in functionality due to the pending status of the user. After being approved by the admin the whole features will be available which are designated for the user types which includes staff and customer once being appointed by the admin.

Figure 2: Main Interface

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As shown in Figure 3 the admin panel where the hotel admin can edit the content of the website.

Figure 3: Staff, Rooms and Services Management

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In figure 4 the Cashier panel where all of the purchases made by the customer within the hotel are being recorded and manage the price of every items.

Figure 4. Centralized Billing Management

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As shown in figure 5, 6, 7 the Customer‟s Homepage shows what the users see in the website such as the homepage, about us and booking.

Figure 5. Homepage

Figure 6. About Us

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Figure 7. Booking

3.3.2 Data Design Diagram

The researchers have used this diagram in relation to the database to know exactly the relationship of each table on the database. This diagram have shows about the primary key and other relationships that is also used in setting of auto and non-auto numbered fields used on the system. The Entity Relationship Diagram can be found in Appendix B. 3.3.3 Data Dictionary

The data dictionary is used to identify the different data types used in the database of the proposed system. It shows the types for the columns of database identifying what type of input is accepted by the user of the system. The Data Dictionary can be found in Appendix C.

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3.4 Logical Specification

This section discusses the flow of the proposed system through the uses of the different diagrams used. These include the Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram, System Flow Chart and Use Case Diagram.

3.4.1 Context Diagram

The researchers have used context diagram as a guide to analyze the process that happens inside the system. The system shows the interactions including the input and output of each module. The Context Diagram can be found in Appendix D.

3.4.2 Data Flow Diagram

The data flow diagram is the exploded view of the context diagram. It shows in depth what data is passed from the user type and to what module it is passed to. It shows the data that is passed to the several modules which include the following: manage account, reservation, cancellation, view booked room, manage profile, room and request. The data flow diagram can be found on Appendix E. 3.4.3 System Flow Chart

The system flowchart stars with the access of the system. From there on the system would ask for the login of the user. The user will then be redirected to the interface of the main menu of the system. From this point on he will only be able to access the systems function. The user can then start making a hotel reservation. The system flow chart can be found on Appendix F.

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3.4.4 Use Case Diagram

The use case diagram depicts the accessibility of functions to the different users. It shows that the admin has access to the user management, product or service management and posting gallery. In the staff has the access to the profile, product, room and billing management. The Use Case Diagram can be found in Appendix G.

3.5 Physical Specification

This section discusses the software used in programming the system and what software and hardware is needed by the organization in order to implement and use the system. 3.5.1 Software Specification

While on the process of developing the study, the following are the application softwares used:



Windows 7 Ultimate



Google Chrome



Mozilla Firefox



PhoneGap (For HTML5)



Adobe Photoshop



Adobe Illustrator





Notepad++ Adobe Dreamweaver

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3.5.2

Hardware Requirements (Development)

The following are the hardware used during the development of the study.

Table 2. Hardware used during the development

Motherboard

Processor

RAMPAGE IV BLACK EDITION

Intel Core i7-4960X Ivy Bridge-E 6-Core 3.6GHz

2 x 1TB Western Digital, Hard Disk Drive 1 TB Seagate Barracuda (Main Drive) RAM

3 x 8 GB Corsair Dominator Platinum

PSU

Cooler Master GX 750W

Optical Drive

HP DVD1260 DVD+RW

Android Device

LG G Pro 2 / Asus Transformer

Dongle

N/A / PLDT

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3.5.3 Programming Environment

This section discusses what technology was used by the researchers in order to develop the system and retrieve data from the system. 3.5.3.1 Front End

The researchers used several technologies during the development of the front end of the system, which are namely HTML, CSS, AJAX and JQUERY. Html was used in coding the structure or skeleton of the system, while the css was used to apply the style and design to the system. Ajax on the other hand was used in order to responsively reload data after changes have been made in frames, so as to not require the user to manually reload the frame. Jquery is a JavaScript package to implement animation effects on a web p age such as drop-down menus. The researchers also used PHP in order for them to be able to retrieve data from the system, such as usernames, password or changes in the phases etc. 3.5.3.2 Back End

The researchers used the widely known database software MySQL which is commonly used for online database management. MySQL is an open-source database manager used to store and retrieve data gathered from the system.

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3.6 Testing and Evaluation

Software testing was done to ensure the quality of software. The operation and testing procedures was followed to ensure that the project performed according to specified requirements and meet the objectives of the study. 1. The system‟s executable model is to be demonstrated by the end- users and customers of the system. 2. Launching of Software The project will be launched in different browsers and check whether the system performs according to specified requirements on the said internet browser environment. 3. A Test Plan was drafted to discover the bu gs and fix the issues before user evaluation.

4. The Test Plan with the test tool questions was validated by an IT expert to ensure that the items to be tested are appropriate for the Paper Conference Management System website. 5. The bugs that were discovered in the test tool were addressed by the developer if deemed necessary and/or within the requirement specifications of the website. 3.7 Evaluation Procedure

A survey was conducted to evaluate the performance of the system. Respondents were the selected forty (40) students undergoing the capstone subject and five(5) knowledgeable IT specialists/industry practitioners or teachers at the locale holding a Master‟s degree. The following activities were undertaken in the evaluation process: 1. The researchers discussed the concept of the system and its operation for the respondents‟ familiarization; 2. The researchers presented the system through demonstration to show h ow it worked; 3. Question and answer followed after the demonstration for some clarifications; Page | 44



4. The evaluation questionnaire (Appendix I) was given to the respondents for them to answer. They were requested to rate the system based on different criterion specified in the instrument using the Likert Scale in Table 4. 5. The instruments were collected, data were tallied and summarized, and the mean was computed; 6. The overall rating was interpreted using numerical rating and equivalent in Table 3

Table 3: Likert Scale Scale

Numerical Rating

Interpretation

5

4.51 - 5.00

Excellent

4

3.51 - 4.50

Very Good

3

2.51 - 3.50

Good

2

1.51 - 2.50

Fair

1

1.00 - 1.50

Poor

3.6 Software Requirements Specification This section shows the description of the software system to be dev eloped. See Appendix A for the document.

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CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the results and discussion of the project study. It includes the project description, project structure, project capabilities and limitations and project testing and evaluation. 4.1 Project Description

This study focused on the development of a web-based Online Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System that will manage the hotel reservation of the CHM department of Systems Plus College Foundation. This study will help the dynamic versatile features required to run your hotel, and guest house business. Online Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System offers an operational integration between reservations, guest history, reception/ front desk, Sales Ledger, and Reporting modules. Software has facility to generate report for analyzes your booking, check in and checkout status. Online Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System is the best suit for managing you resource in very simple but effective manner with minimal efforts or time so that it increases your revenue. This study aims to change the current system that would be accurate for both customer and hotel management. The proponents use diagrams to implement the flow of the proposed system. 4.2 Project Structure

The project structure is best described using the functionalities provided by the system to various access controls. Access Controls are the roles played by the various stakeholders who would be using the web-based project of this study.

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Account Type

Website Admin

Front Desk

Customer

Housekeeper

Capabil it ies

Verifies account Register details Manage user/customer accounts. Create/Edit news, and new announcements. View the website Manage the content (Add, edit and delete) Manage profile View the website Manage room information Manage customer‟s requests. Manage customer‟s billing View the website. Manage account. Request for reservation. Cancellation of requests. View booked rooms Manage accounts/ room information Table 4: Access Controls

4.3 Project Evaluation Test Results

The alpha test was conducted by five (5) experts in the field of ICT. The following were observed during the testing procedure: 1. The website was accessible in the different web browsers. 2. The website was best viewed in 1920 x 1080 screen resolution. However, it also ran on the 1280 x 1024 and 1366x768 screen resolutions. 3. The website was running in the following operating systems; Windows XP, 7, 8, and MAC OS without problems encountered. 4. Not all icons had the proper titles and labels. Page | 47



5. Multiple uploading of files was not observed. The bugs discovered in the alpha test were addressed by the developer. Then, the beta test was conducted to 50 respondents comprised of students. Table 5 shows the hardware and software specifications used during the system evaluation that had ensured that the system would run: Table 5: Hardware and Software Specifications Used during System Evaluation Hardware & Software

Minimum

Recommended

Mobile Processor of Processor

Dual Core 1.0ghz+ 800mhz+

Operating System

Windows XP SP2

Windows XP SP3 +

Hard Disk Drive

10G Free Spcae

20G Free Space+

Memory

1G Ram

2G Ram

Internet Speed

512kbps

5mbps

Database Server

MySQL 4

MySQL 5.5 +

Browser

Mozilla 7 / Chrome 13

Mozilla 9 + / Chrome 15 +

mysql-connector-odbc-

mysql-connector-odbc-

3.1.14-win32

3.1.14-win32

Database Connector

Evalu ation Resul ts

The performance of the website was evaluated in terms of Content, Design, Functionality and Originality based on Philippine Web Awards Criteria. There were 50 respondents who evaluated the website composed of 25 CHM students and 25 IT students.

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Table 6 summarizes the evaluation result showing the mean per criterion and the corresponding qualitative interpretation. The table also presents the overall mean resulting from getting the average of the mean of the five criteria. The system received a positive overall mean rating of “Very Good”, showing that it had a impact to the evaluators. The evaluation for originality scored for the highest mean amounting to 4.08, achieving a very good rating. This shows that the concept of the system appealed the most to the users. The content criteria received the lowest mean amounting to 3.96, which is nevertheless equivalent to a very good rating and shows that the content of the system is in correspondence to the capstone processes. Table 6: Summary of Evaluation Results

Criteria

Mean

Qualitative Interpretation

1. Content

4.22

Very Good

2. Design

4.10

Very Good

3. Functionality

3.96

Very Good

4. Originality

4.05

Very Good

4.08

Very Good

Overall Mean

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CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations based from the results of the test and evaluation. 5.1 Summary of Findings

Nowadays in this generation every work is required to be done in an easy way to efficiently use time and effort yet still having a productive report. On the basis of tests and evaluation conducted on the content, design functionality, technology used and originality, the following were the findings of the study. Integrating the reservation system with a more modern Online Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System and better software, information processed will become more precise, reliable, accessible and secure, with the use of internet, interview and observation method the proponents suggest a simple yet systematic implementation of an Online Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System whose software will include modules such as home module, Registration and Verification, Security, booking, Log-in, monitoring (calendar, rooms, confirmed reservation, pending reservation, not completed and users/members account), repots, file maintenance, FAQ/help and about module.

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5.2 Conclusions

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn within the limitation and scope defined in the study Online Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System was developed for the College of Hospitality Management. The developed software presented features that helped the College of Hospitality Management students in familiarizing with an online hotel reservation system. The developed software served as a tool for the instructors in teaching the basic operations of an Online Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System to their students. The developed system also presents features and online security to protect privacy and financial information of clients.

5.3 Recommendations

After having evaluated the findings of the study, the following recommendations were hereby suggested: this system should be used by the College of Hospitality Management students to give further knowledge about Online Hotel Reservation and Centralized Billing System. Future researchers and developers can add modules and additional features as this system is open for further improvements and developments because of the fast pacing changes in technology. A follow up study should be conducted to determine the usefulness and effectiveness of the developed system upon implementation.

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APPENDIX A Gantt Chart

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APPENDIX B Entity Relationship Diagram

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APPENDIX C Data Dictionary

Page | 54



APPENDIX D Context Diagram

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APPENDIX F System Flowchart

A

REGISTER

CANCEL RESERVATION

RESERVED

PAYMENT/BILLS

INPUT DETAILS

LOGIN

LOGOUT

A

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BEGIN

LOGIN

B

MAIN PAGE

B

B

B

B

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APPENDIX G Use Case Diagram

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APPENDIX H Sample Questionnaire Category: (Check  the box that applies) Please indicate a check mark ( ) under the column that best describes your responses for each item about the Online Hotel and Centralized Billing System. Please use the rating below: Numerical Rating Equivalent 5 – Excellent 4 – Very Good 3 – Good 2 – Fair 1 – Poor

INDICATORS 5

4

Ratings 3

2

1

CONTENT 1. Quality of content 2. Fits the nature and goal of the Web site 3. Accessibility of information 4. Accuracy of information 5. Organization of content DESIGN

1. Layout and visual appeal 2. Color themes 3. Professional looking 4. Effective use of space 5. Site navigation FUNCTIONALITY

1. Multiple Web browser compatibility 2. Multiple resolution compatibility 3. Fast Web page loading times 4. Working links 5. Working images 6. Working Web pages ORIGINALITY

1. Overall Web site impact 2. Creative use of materials and tools

______________________________ SIGNATURE OF EVALUATOR

_____________________ EVALUATION DATE

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Final-Draft-Hotel.pdf

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