DIAZOTACION

UNIVERSIDAD UNIVERSIDA D DE GUAYAQUIL GUAYAQUIL FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA QUIMICA CARRERA DE INGENIERIA QUIMICA

ASIGNATURA:

LAB. QUIMICA ORGANICA II

TEMA:

DIAZOTACION Y COLORANTES

 

INFORME: VI

  SEMESTRE: IV

PARALELO: “B2”

PARCIAL: II ESTUDIANTE:

ALEX MARCELO CAJAS BAQUE

DOCENTE:

Ing. Sandra Fajard MS!. 2015 - 2016

Cn"#n$d OB%ETIVO&...................................................................................................... 3 GENERALIDADES& ........................................................................................... 3 D$a'"a!$(n ................................................................................................... 3 COLORANTES Y )IGMENTOS....................................................................3 *ISTORIA.................................................................................................. 3  ANILINAS..................................................................................................... 4 DIAZOTACI+N.............................................................................................. 5 CO)ULACI+N............................................................................................... 6 REACTIVOS..................................................................................................... 6 2, Na-"........................................................................................................ 6 U//......................................................................................................... 6  A!$d S0-an$$!............................................................................................. 7 N$"r$" Sd$!................................................................................................. 7 U//......................................................................................................... 7  Anaranjad d# 2,Na-"................................................................................... 8 MATERIALES Y SUSTANCIAS&........................................................................... 8 TECNICA O)ERATORIA&................................................................................... 9 RESULTADOS& ............................................................................................... 10 REACCIONES ................................................................................................ 10 C1LCULOS& ................................................................................................... 10 CONCLUSIONES& ........................................................................................... 11 RECOMENDACIONES& ....................................................................................11  ANEOS........................................................................................................ 12 BIBLIOGRAFIA............................................................................................... 15

OB%ETIVO& •

• • •

E34$!ar # 56"d d# d$a'"a!$(n 7 a -0n!$n#/ 80# !054#n ag0na/ /0/"an!$a/. E/"a9#!#r a/ !nd$!$n#/ 4ara 80# /# 4rd0'!a a d$a'"a!$(n. D#"#r5$nar 5#d$an"# a #34#r$5#n"a!$(n a d$a'"a!$(n. Cn!#r # 56"d d# -a9r$!a!$(n d# !ran"#/ a'$!/ a 4ar"$r d# a d$a'"a!$(n.

GENERALIDADES& D$a'"a!$(n COLORANTES Y )IGMENTOS L/ !ran"#/ 40#d#n /#r d#-$n$d/ !5 /0/"an!$a/ 80# !0and /n a4$!ada/ a 0n /09/"ra" $54ar"#n !r a 5$/5. L/ !ran"#/ /n r#"#n$d/ #n # /09/"ra" 4r a9/r!$(n: r#"#n!$(n 5#!;n$!a:  4r #na!# $(n$! !59r#. S# 4rd$ga "an" #n / 9j#"/ d# !r#a!$(n >05ana !5 #n a na"0ra#'a. D#/d# a/ #"a4a/ 5;/ "#54rana/ d# a !0"0ra >05ana # >59r# >$' 0/ !n/!$#n"# 7 a 9r$ndad r#!rr#n 0na a54$a ga5a d# -0n!$n#/: d#/d# !09r$r a /04#r-$!$# d# 0n 9j#": >a/"a r#4r#/#n"ar /$59($!a5#n"# 0na $d#a  0n !n!#4". *7 5ara<$an "daa9$?/$5a 5an#ra d# 4r#4arar/ 4ara dar#/ <$<#'a: r#a!# 7 >a!#r/ $na"#ra9#/. L/ #g$4!$/ !n!?an 0na "6!n$!a a5ada d# 5rd$#n"#: a "ra<6/ d# a !0a !n/#g0?an "#@$r 0n "#j$d !n 5a"$!#/ d$-#r#n"#/ #54#and 0na 5$/5a 5a"#r$a !ran"#. M0!>/ d# #/"/ /#!r#"/ d# a an"$g#dad /# >an 4#rd$d: 7 >7 d?a n /# /a9#n 4r#4arar 50!>/ d# / "$n"#/ 80# 4ara a d#!ra!$(n d# a/ 4$#dra/: 5/a$!/ 7 "#j$d/ 0/arn / an"$g0/.

E 4r$5#r !ran"# /$n"6"$! 80# /# 4r#4ar( -0# a Ma0<$n# 80# -0# 4r#4arad 4r $$an *#nr7 )#r$n #n Inga"#rra #n . E/" 5ar!( # $n$!$ d# a $nd0/"r$a d# / !ran"#/ /$n"6"$!/. )/"#r$r5#n"# a d#/!09r$5$#n" d# a Ma0<$n# /# 4r#4ararn / !ran"#/ Mag#n"a: An$$na A'0: V$#"a M#"$: V$#"a *--5ann: An$$na N#gra 7 V#rd#  Ad#>?d. En H /# /$n"#"$'( a F0!/$na: 4r#4arad 4r V#rg0$n #n Fran!$a: 7 0"$$'ada !5 !ran"# "#3"$. En : Gr#9# 7 L$#9#r5an an0n!$arn a 4r$5#ra /?n"#/$/ d# 0n !ran"# a'0 na"0ra& A$'ar$na 7 #n H Car: Gr#9#: L$#9#r5an 7 )#r$n 4a"#n"arn # 4r!#/ 4ara /0 5an0-a!"0ra. E d#

a

d# a5$na/ ar5;"$!a/ 7 a !40a!$(n d# !540#/"/ d$a'n$ -0#rn a 9a/# /$g0$#n"# -a/# #n a #a9ra!$(n !ran"#/ 7 9"0<$#rn a "#(r$!a 80# >a!?a -a"a.

d#/!09r$5$#n" d# )#"#r   Gr$#// #n  7  r#a!!$(n d# d$a'"a!$(n r#a!!$(n d# d# 4ara a d# 9a/#

L/ !ran"#/ /n !n!$d/ !5 an$$na/: 7a 80# /n 4rd0!"/ !a4a!#/ d# !50n$!ar /0 4r4$ !r a "r/ 5a"#r$a#/. En a a!"0a$dad /# !n!#n 5$#/ d# !ran"#/ 80# /# 9"$#n#n g#n#ra5#n"# d# 5a"#r$a#/ d#r$0a: d# >$dr!ar90r/ 9#n!6n$!/: -#n#/: #"!.J

 ANILINAS La an$$na: a5$n,9#n!#n  -#n$a5$na /# 9"$#n# 4r a r#d0!!$(n d# n$"r9#n!#n "ra";nd !n F# 7 *C  4r r#d0!!$(n !a"a?"$!a #n -a/# ga/#/a: #54#and C0 !5 !a"a$'adr.

E/ 0na 5a"#r$a 4r$5a #54#ada 4ara a /?n"#/$/ d# d$<#r// 4rd0!"/ $n"#r5#d$/ #n a $nd0/"r$a d# !ran"#/. En # /$g I /# d#/!09r$#rn / 4$g5#n"/ rg;n$!/ a 4ar"$r d# a an$$na !n gr04/ ;!$d/ a 4r#!$4$"ar/ !n /a#/ d# Ca2K  Ba2K. E/"/ 4r$5#r/ !540#/"/ !r#ad/ r#!$9$#rn # n59r# d# 4$g5#n"/.

Un d# / gr04/ d# 4$g5#n"/ rg;n$!/ 5;/ 0"$$'ad/ #n a $nd0/"r$a /n / 4$g5#n"/ a'$!/. Sn /#n!$/ d# 4r#4arar a 4ar"$r d# an$$na/ 7 a/#80$9#/ d#/d# # 40n" d# <$/"a #!n(5$!. E/"/ 4$g5#n"/ /# >an 4r#4arad d# d$-#r#n"# "$4 7 !r: !n 0na a54$a
DIAZOTACI+N La r#a!!$(n d# d$a'"a!$(n -0# 40#/"a a 40n" 4r )#"#r Gr$#// #n . E/"a r#a!!$(n "$#n# 0gar #n"r# 0na a5$na 4r$5ar$a ar5;"$!a 7 NaNO 2 #n 4r#/#n!$a

d# *C  * 2SOP: 4ara -r5ar 0na /a d# d$a'n$. E/"/ !540#/"/ /n $nd$/4#n/a9#/ $n"#r5#d$/ 4ara a -r5a!$(n d# 4$g5#n"/ a' 7 /n 507 ="$#/ 4ara r##54a'ar 0n gr04 a5$n 4r 0n gr04 >$dr3$: >a(g#n: #"!..

La !an"$dad d# NaNO 2 #/ a #/"#80$56"r$!a: 4#r # *C d#9# #/"ar #n #3!#/ 4ara 4r#<#n$r a d$a'"a!$(n 4ar!$a 7 !nd#n/a!$(n. S$ a d$a'"a!$(n !0rr# /a"$/-a!"r$a5#n"#: a a5$na d#9# #n!n"rar/# #n d$/0!$(n a!0/a ;!$da. Una <#' -r5ada: a /a d$a'n$ n /# a$/a 7 d#9# /#r 0"$$'ada r;4$da5#n"# #n a #"a4a /$g0$#n"#: 40#/" 80# a/ r#a!!$n#/ d# d$a'"a!$(n g#n#ra5#n"# /n #3"6r5$!a/ 7 a/ /a#/ d# d$a'n$ /# d#/!54n#n !n -a!$$dad /$ n /# #n-r$a # /$/"#5a 7 /# a/ >a!# r#a!!$nar #n # "$#54 #/"a9#!$d. )ara 4d#r #-#!"0ar a d$a'"a!$(n g#n#ra5#n"# #/ n#!#/ar$ 5an"#n#r a "#54#ra"0ra d# r#a!!$(n nr5a5#n"# #n"r#   C.

CO)ULACI+N La/ /a#/ d# d$a'n$ r#a!!$nan !n 0na gran !an"$dad d# !540#/"/ !40an"#/ 4ara -r5ar d#r$$dr3$. 2., A5$na/ ar5;"$!a/. ., S0/"an!$a/ r#a!"$
REACTIVOS 2, Na-". 2-Na!"# :  $-%a!"# : #/ 0n /($d !r$/"a$n $n!r d# -(r50a C*O*: #/

0n $/(5#r d# ,na-":80# d$-$#r#n /#g=n a 09$!a!$(n # >$dr3$ d# na-"a#n.L/ na-"#/ /n / >5(g/ d# na-"a#n d# -#n: !n # gr04 >$dr3$ 5;/ r#a!"$< 80# #n / -#n#/. A59/ $/(5#r/ /n /09#/ #n a!>: 6"#r 7 !r-r5. S# 40#d#n 0"$$'ar #n a 4rd0!!$(n d# "$n"a / #n a /?n"#/$/ rg;n$!a. )r #j#54: 2,na-" /# >a!# r#a!!$nar 4ara -r5ar :,B$na-"a#n,2:2,d$. E/ 0n d# / d#r$59r#: d#9$d a 80# 2,na-" #/ 507 0"$$'ada #n a $nd0/"r$a d# 4#r-05#/: #n / !540#/"/ 2,5#"3$na-"a$na 7 2,#"3$na-"a$na. E/ 0/ad !5 /#dan"# 4ara ag0n/ an$5a#/. S# d#n"a #n # !540#/"  , >$dr3$#"$6"#r. Cn #/"# /# 40#d#n -#r"$$'ar a/ -r0"a/ 5#d$an"# a 9"#n!$(n d# ;!$d 2, na-"3$a!#"$!.

 A!$d S0-an$$! E ;!$d /0-an?$!1!$d P,a5$n9#n!#n/0-(n$!  ;!$d 4ara,a5$n9#n'#n /0-(n$!  1!$d an$$n,P,/0-(n$! C*NOS Ma/a 5#!0ar& .2 #/ 0n /($d !r$/"a$n $n!r: $ndr 80# "$#nd# a "#n#r 0n a/4#!" gr$/;!# d#9$d a a 3$da!$(n d# a$r# d#r$ra/ /# -r5a 4r$5#ra5#n"# /0-a" ;!$d d# an$$na: d#/406/ 4$#rd# ag0a !n  80# /# 9"$#n# a -r5a!$(n d# ;!$d -#n$/0-;5$! 80# 4/"#r$r5#n"# /# r#rd#na a ;!$d /0-an?$!.

N$"r$" Sd$! E n$"r$" d# /d$ #/ 0na /a /(d$!a d# a -a5$$a d# / n$"r$"/ d# -(r50a& NaNO2. Un d# / 0// 5;/ !50n#/ #/ #n a $nd0/"r$a a$5#n"ar$a: !n!r#"a5#n"# #n a !;rn$!a #n a 80# /# #54#a !5 !n/#r
 Anaranjad d# 2,Na-" E/ 0n d# / d#r$
L/ na-"#/ /# 4ar#!#n a / -#n#/ #n /0/ 4r4$#dad#/ 80?5$!a/. S# r#a$'a a 9"#n!$(n d# Naranja II 5#d$an"# # 5#!an$/5 d# d$a'"a!$(n: a 4ar"$r d# ;!$d /0-an?$!. E Naranja II #/ 0n !ran"# a'$!: #/4#!?-$!a5#n"# 5na'$!: 7a 80# #/ $n/09# #n ag0a 7 !40a !n /a#/ d# d$a'n$. E/"# !ran"# #/ ;!$d 7 /# #54#a 4ara "#@$r ana: 4a4#: !0#r: 7 n "$@# # agd(n.La !40a!$(n !0rr# #n 4/$!$(n r" !n r#/4#!" a gr04 O* d# na-": 7a 80# # 5$/5 r$#n"a #n #/a 4/$!$(n #n /0!$(n a!a$na: #/ 4r #/ 80# a ,na-" /#  d$/0#<# #n NaO* #/ 0na !40a!$(n 9;/$!a.

MATERIALES Y SUSTANCIAS& o o o o o o o o o o

P
o

 1!. S0-an?$!

o

NaO* a W

o

NaNO2

o

X,Na-"

o

NaC

o

*C PN

TECNICA O)ERATORIA& .

Va/ N. & C!ar #
S0-an?$! 7 ad$!$nar 4r g"# 5L d# NaO*: ag$"# !n/"an"#5#n"#: d0ran"# a ad$!$(n d# a //a 7 d0ran"# /  5$n 80# d#9#r; 4#r5an#!#r n0#/"ra 5#'!a #n # 9a@ d# ag0a >#ada. 2. Va/ N. 2& C!ar # #ada. Ag$"ar 

!n/"an"#5#n"# d0ran"# 5$n: 5$#n"ra/ 4#r5an#!# #n # 9a@ d# ag0a >#ada. )a/ad/ /  5$n 7 /  5$n d# 4r$5#r a9#r ad$!$nad # a/"a grar 0na 5#'!a >5g6n#a: 7 ad$!$nar a #ada: ag$"# 7 d#j# r#4/ar d0ran"# 5$n. .

Tran/!0rr$d/ /  5$n: !80# # #590d #n # 5a"ra' Er#n5#7#r.

D9# # 4a4# -$"r #n !0a"r 4ar"#/ $g0a#/ 7 !(80# #n 5an#ra d# na4a #n a 9!a d# #590d: 7 !5$#n!# a -$"ra!$(n d# !ran"#.

RESULTADOS&

REACCIONES

C1LCULOS&

CONCLUSIONES& S# 40d 9"#n#r 0n !ran"# d# 0/ "#3"$: /# ad80$r$#rn !n!$5$#n"/ n0#</ /9r# !ran"#/ 7 # 4r!#/ d# -a9r$!a!$(n d# #/.

RECOMENDACIONES&   

La
 ANEOS

BIBLIOGRAFIA >""4/&/$"#/.gg#.!5/$"#gr04d#4$5#r//$n"#/$/,d#,!ran"#/,a'$!/ >""4&[[[.90#na/"ar#a/.!55a"#r$a/d$a'"a!$n,7,!40a!$n >""4&>"5.r$n!nd#"5 >""4/&#/./!r$9d.!5d!HHDIAZOTACION