Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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LESSON 3 PURPOSEUL WRITIN! IN THE "IS#IPLINES $N" THE PROESSIONS $% INTRO"U#TION INTRO"U#TION
As senior high school students, one aim that we need to achieve is how to write formal papers like Literature Review and Application Letter, also called cover letter. These types of paper are just some of the most common papers that you write which may be asked from you in other subjects. As students of the 2 st century, we are called to be researchers someday in order to contribute to our chosen !eld of work. Likewise, knowing how to write an application letter will be so much helpful as it may become an edge to be part of your dream company or workplace. &% INTEN"E" LE$RNIN! OUT#OMES At the end of the lesson the student will be able to" . #$plain how one%s purpose is a crucial consideration in academic and professional writing 2. &denti!e the uni'ue features of and re'uirements in composing te$ts that are useful across disciplines a. (ook Review or article )riti'ue '% Literature Re(ie) c. Research Report d. *roject *roposal e. *osition *aper +. &dentify the uni'ue features of and re'uirements in composing professional correspondence a. Resume b. Application for )ollege Admission c% $pplication for Employment d. arious forms of -ce )orrespondence #% #ONTENT 3%* Uni+ue eatures an, Re+uirements across "isciplines Literature Re(ie) •
The review should describe, describe, summari/e, evaluate and clarify this literature. literature. &t should give a theoretical basis for the research and help you determine the nature of your own research. 0elect a limited number of works that are central to your area rather than trying to collect a large number of works that are not as closely connected to your topic area. A literature review goes beyond the search for information and includes the identi!cation and articulation of relationships between the literature and your !eld of research. 1hile 1hile the form of the litera literatur ture e revie review w may vary with with dier dierent ent types types of studies, the basic purposes remain constant" *rovide a conte$t for the research 3ustify the research
Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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#nsure the research hasn4t been done before 5or that it is not just a 6replication study67
Purposes 0how where the research !ts into the e$isting body of knowledge #nable the researcher to learn from previous theory on the subject &llustrate how the subject has been studied previously 8ighlight 9aws in previous research research -utline gaps in previous research 0how that the work is adding to the understanding and knowledge of the !eld 8elp re!ne, refocus or even change the topic Ho) is a literature re(ie) ,i-erent from an aca,emic research paper.
$ca,emic Paper To To develop a new argument argument
Literature Re(ie) As a foundation and as support for a new insight that you contribute To To summari/e and synthesi/e the arguments nts and ideas of other hers without adding new contributions.
0imply put, literature review is a simple summary of sources. Reasons why literature review is written are to be updated with the latest information, provide a solid background for your paper, serves as a handy guide to the topic, and can give you an overview or act as a stepping stone for your paper. Strate/ies Strate/ies for your Literature Re(ie) Tips 0ump O-s
Metho, 0tart with handbooks and research overviews and review their references Track the names of key key authors and locate their original original works. map Track
Trac1 an, authors http"::library.'ueensu.ca:research:subjects h:subjects Use li'rary li'rary /ui,es /ui,es 0ee http"::library.'ueensu.ca:researc if appropriate% Recor, 1ey Look for patterns and frameworks in what is written about a th e conte$t ; social, political, historical. ,e2nitions an, topic such as the their contet% Esta'lish a
1ork out the best way to search each journal inde$ along with =oogle =oogle and =oogle =oogle 0cholar 0cholar.. List search terms, terms, subjects, subjects, and descriptors which are speci!c to each inde$. >ind out how to narrow searches. 0earch key authors.
0earch key authors and speci!c works in a citation inde$ to !nd who has cited them. 0ee 1eb of 0cience? =oogle 0cholar @se Ref1orks to manage references and create A*A 2
Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0 references% Tal1 to li'rarian
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bibliographies. Learn the elements of A*A your ake an appointment with one of us to review your needs.
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THE N$TURE O $ &USINESS LETTER
Time is gold in the business world, businessman need one instrument that can make them iron out business deals or negotiations at once. This instrument is none other than the business letter, the backbone of business. A business correspondent of a business ;letter writer must possess the following traits to produce eective business letters" wide understanding of human behavior, keep imagination, good command of the #nglish language, sense of humor, and good judgment. &n other words, he must be a psychologist ; creative, objective, and 9e$ible. As a psychologist, he must know the likes and dislike of the party with whom he is dealing. 8e takes the Byou attitudeC to bring out a meeting of the mind, between him and the other party. 8is creativeness or keen imagination is shown by his ability in presenting a clear and accurate picture of the thing he wants the other party to accept. This he can easily do with the use of fresh, original, and speci!c words, rather than stereotyped or wornDout e$pressions. &f he has good judgment, he can view things objectively. objectively. This means he bases his decisions on what he thinks about the object, instead of what he feels about it. The business world is beset with all kinds of risks or challenges. To survive unscathed in this dogDeatDdog kind of world, a business correspondent must have a good sense of humor, or the ability to manage himself intelligently and con!dently in times of diculties. 8e must not allow problems to knock him down or dampen his spirits. Allowing optimism or positive thinking to prevail over him, he swims through life or meets challenges con!dently. Amidst all these trials, a man with a good sense of humor is capable capable of standing standing strong and of sporting sporting a cheerful cheerful face that radiates what he truly thinks and feels about life. &ndeed, only a person with wide perceptions about life can behave this way. Therefore, if you want to be a good businessDletter writer, you have to know a lot about many things in this world. A business letter must have the following characteristics or the E)%s" . )larity ; clearness of the idea 2. )onciseness ; completeness of idea with the use of fewest number of words possible +. )onsideration ; taking the ByouC pointDofDview pointDofDview F. )ourtesy ; the use of polite e$pressions to show respect G. )oncreteness ; the use of vivid, speci!c words that appeal to the senses H. )heerfulness ; the use of positive e$pressions e$pressions that signal lively dispositions in life I. )haracter ; shows the writer%s own style or uni'ueness in writing THE P$RTS O $ &USINESS LETTER +
Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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. 8eading The heading is the !rst part of the letter. letter. &t gives two kinds of information about the writer" the primary information, which refers the name, address and telephone number of the company, and the secondary information, which gives other information about the writer like the nature, logo, motto, and the list of ocers of the company. &f the heading is placed at the topmost middle part of the the pape papers rs,, and and is pres presen ente ted d in a deco decora rati tive ve or e$tr e$trao aord rdin inar ary y styl style, e, it is considered a modern style of heading. Letterhead is the term used for this kind of heading. heading. (ut if the heading is at the upper side of the paper, paper, it is thought of as a traditional heading, where only the address and the date are stated. Letterhead or odern 8eading
Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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2. &nside Address This is the second part of the letter where you see the th e name and the address of the person person to whom whom the letter letter is addre addresse ssed. d. This This infor informat mation ion about about the addressee must be contained in only + to F lines, with the !rst line occupying the name, plus the position of the addressee in the company, he is working for, and second and third lines for his e$act address. The position of the addressee may be placed right after the name in the !rst line. A comma is used to separate it from the name. &t can also be placed in the second line together with the name of the company where the addressee is employed. +. 0alutation or =reeting )oming two spaces after the &nside Address is the third part of the letter which is the 0alutation. 0ince its purpose is to cheer up the addressee, it is called =reeting. A colon is used after the 0alutation in a formal letter, a common in a friendly letter. letter. )apitali/e the !rst word and the name mentioned in this part of the letter. letter. 8ere are some e$amples of greeting ranging from the most formal to the least formal greeting. 0ir, 0ir, a ada dam m 5Mesda'es for *lural *lural77 ; must must formal formal saluta salutatio tion n for topDra topDranki nking ng government
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Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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>ollowing the body is the complimentary close that consists of two or three words. &n comparison to the 0alutation, this part also uses e$pressions that observe certain degrees of formality. 0tudy these e$amples" ery ery resp respec ectf tful ully ly yours yours,, Respectfully yours, ery truly yours, Truly Truly yours, 0incerely yours, >riendly yours, Always, Lovingly Nours,
D D
most most form formal al more formal
D
formal
D
informal
H. 0ignature This consists of the signature of the writer which is of two kinds? penned signature and printed. To To give enough space for the penned signature that that appe appear ars s over over the the prin printe ted d sign signat atur ure, e, you you have have to allo allott four four spac spaces es between the complimentary close and the printed signature. 0ign in your usual way. &n the case of a married woman, she must always put rs. before her name, otherwise she will be considered to be single. &n business letter writing, only the males can sign their names without the title indicating their status in life. >urther, if the signature is preceded by initials, 5A,<, Nulo7 this means it belongs to a man. &f the letter comes from a friend and the letterhead does not indicate the position of the writer in the company, such position of the writer in the company, company, such position position must be included included in the complimentary complimentary close. Refer to the following e$ample" Respectfully Nours,
1hen you send resume to an employer it must be accompanied by a cover letter. This letter is essential. The purpose of the application letter or cover letter is to highli highlight ght the skill skills, s, educa educatio tion n and e$per e$perien ience ce you posses possess s relat related ed to their their position. Nou will e$press to an employer why you are interested in the position and what contributions you believe you can make to the organi/ation based upon your 'uali!cations. 0ince the cover letter is the ideal place to focus on the speci!c skills you want want to emphas emphasi/e i/e for a parti particul cular ar employ employee, ee, a uni'ue uni'ue cover letter letter must must accompany each resume you send. The cover letter can make all the dierence and land you the interview that you want. want. Onow what to say say and and how how to say say it, it, so you you get get noti notice ced d by pote potent ntia iall empl employ oyer ers. s. Ther Theref efor ore, e, it is crit critic ical al that that as a cand candid idat ate e you you are are able able to wr writ ite e professional letters throughout your job search. 7our 7our #o(er Letter Letter
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Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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A handshake in the mail. Targets Targets a speci!c position. position. Represents Represents you to people you%ve never met before. =ives a glimpse of your personality The best cover letters show how your 'uali!cations match the needs of the company 0ell the writer%s services 0ecure through his letter a position )onvince the reader that the writer has the 'uali!cation demanded for the position 0tate important 'uali!cation for the job Avoid egoism but not too humble. 0trong favorable impression
Sample #o(er Letter Outline
N-@R N-@R 0TR##T A<
0incerely, I
Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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Signatre Type, Name
"% 6$LUES INTE!R$TION 1riting professionally is indeed a challenge for most of us since it is formal and academic. &t is a tool that we need to sharpen as it is important in any !eld of work. 0ince these are formal papers, we should know how to e$press information in a positive and polite manner. E% REEREN#ES
(araceros, #sther L. 527. #nglish +" #nglish for Academic 1riting. 1riting. anila" Re$ (ook 0tore. >lores, agelende agallona, et.al. 527. Thought and #$pression Academic 1riting. Kue/on )ity" )S# *ublishing, &nc. =ame/, 3hona Jiem. 52F7. #nglish for the 1orkplace " A *rofessional Reading and Listening )ourse for )ollege and )areer. Kue/on )ity" =reat (ooks *ublishing. *ublishin g. % METHO"S O INSTRU#TION Lecture, 0tructured ormative >ormative #$aminations 5Kui/, ajor #$ams, Assignments, and *rojects7 $cti(ity8 9*: points; Rea, the follo)in/ sample of Literature Re(ie)% Write your ans)ers in a < cross)ise%
. 1hat are the subtopics found in the th e Review of LiteratureQ 2. 1hat did 0tubbs say about discourse analysisQ +. 8ow does 0chirin support 0tubb%s statementQ F. 1ho are the other authorities mentioned about discourse analysisQ G. &n what period was the rise of )hild Language ResearchQ 1hat does it sayQ H. 1hat theories support development of language in childrenQ I. 1hat do
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Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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E.
$ns)er =ey8
. irst Language Ac'uisition of )hildren in the 8ome" A )ase 0tudyC by =racita *e (enito and B8ey &%ve =ot 0omething to tell you" A 0tudy of the &nitiation of )onversational #$changes by *reschool )hildrenC by cTear. . )rucial. The success of such conversation is usually dependent on adults% abilities to pick up, manage, interpret, comment on, e$tend, repeat and sometimes demonstrate appropriate conversational acts within adult:child conversations. $cti(ity8
>ill in the blanks with the correct words. )hoose from the choices in the bo$es. familiari/ed
familier
familiar
an$iety
demands
mentioned
attached
e$periment
e$pression
e$perience
pressure
e$cellently
9uently
strongly
available
round
accessible
hesitate
wait
stop
Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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shown
advertised
presented
worked
employed
apply
want
pursue
take
included
& look forward to hearing from you.
Nours Nours sincerely,
Oelvin Jate Thor =ames
Answer Oey" . apply 2. advertised +. employed F. pursue G. attached H. e$perience I. familiar E. pressure . 9uently
Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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. available . hesitate
Kui/" Review of Literature" 5G pts.7 1rite TR@# if the statement is correct and >AL0# if not. . The literature review helps the review to follow traditional events and strategies. 2. The review of literature helps to determine the nature of your research. +. Literature review is a simple summary of sources ; a compilation of information, information, studies and researches. F. The review of literature of literature aims to develop a new argument ; a problem or a thesis statement. G. The aim of review of literature is to summari/e the arguments and ideas of others without adding new contributions.
Answer Oey" . >alse 2. True +. True F. >alse G. True
Kui/" )over Letter" 5 G pts.7 &. &denti!cation . >orms the longest and most important part of the letter 2. *urpose is to cheer up the addressee +. Also called the closing remarks F. &ndicates the name and the address of the person to whom the letter is addressed
Mary Our Help Technical Institute for Women Doc. Title: Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing Skills MOH.INS.BEd.!"#"$"% De&art'ent: De&art'ent : (cade'ic ()airs Re*. +: Date: -ne !/ #!0
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G. &nformation that tells when the letter was made
Answer Oey" . (ody of the letter 2. 0alutation +. )omplimentary )lose F. &nside Address G.
2
