Core Periphery (Regional Planning)

CORE PERIPH PERIPHER ERY Y By: JOHN FRIEDMANN

HISTORY •  J. Friedmann maintained that the world can be divided into four types of region. 1. 2. 3. 4.

 The core region  The upward transitional region  The downward transitional region  The resource frontier

• Core–periphery models were used in the late 1950s to

explain uneven development and relations of dependency within countries, particularly in developing economies where the gradual achievement of economic “equilibrium” between areas was patently absent.

DEFINITION • Describe situations in which centralized economic and political power— such as that of a capital city— dominates a surrounding, often rural area.

• The core periphery

model is a paradigm commonly employed to explain varying patterns of development, both within and between regions

The Core Periphery Model of Regional Development • A. The core region – the focus of  economic, political, and social activity

• B. The upward transitional

region – a growing economy and a transition from primary to secondary and tertiary industries

• C. The resource frontier –

sparsely populated with little development

• D. The downward

transitional/peripheral region – characterized by a declining economy and dwindling population

ADVANTAGE As viewed from Modernization Theory A more ‘conventional’ view, Modernization  Theory contends that: • Economic disparities result from a state of  underdevelopment; underdevelopm ent; that is, a lack of utilization of  available resources •  The core invests capital in the periphery in order to utilize its resources • Economic growth of the periphery results from investments made utilizing the profits generated by the sale of resources • As a result, economic imbalances are temporary

DISADVANTAGE As viewed from Dependency Theory  The theory contends that:

• Economic disparities between the core and the periphery are purposeful • The core exploits the periphery in order to benefit from its wealth