BIOPHOTONICS
The original wishing machine
Future_Horizons “wishing machine” is actually actually a Radioni Rad ionicc device and is now avai available lable as a modified pyramid mind machine. Raymond Ebbeler author extraordinaire, inventor, investo nvestor, r, an esoteric sci sc ientist entist and Pyrami Pyramido dollogi og ist has created the “ultimate wishing machine” machine” that allows allows humans humans and ani animals mals to accel acc elerate erate the law law of o f attraction to change thought forms into reality
BioPhotonics BioPhotonics is the electronic electronic Magaz Magazine ine or had had cop c opy y on how to construct cons truct a worki working ng pyramid pyramid mind mind machin machinee called called the Pyrami PyramiTronix Tron ix Resonator Reso nator that is is constructed co nstructed as a basi bas ic, intermed intermediat iate, e, and advanced stages s tages for accel acc elerating erating the law of attraction. The eZine eZine is FREE FR EE through the mobile app: http://apps.appypie.com/html5/the-wishing-machine
Preface: Auth Author’ or’ss Findi Findings ngs Supp Supported orted by Wik Wikiipedia and Peer -Reviewed -Reviewed Research The purpose purpos e for constructing a prototype proto type model of the the Great Pyramid Pyramid at Giza Giza Egypt is to identify identify the shape shap e as a resonant reso nant cavity. Accord Acc ordin ing g to Wikiped Wikipedia ia a resonator is cavity and is defined as: A resonator is is a device or system that exhi e xhibits bits resonance or resonant behav behaviior, that that is, it natural aturally ly oscillates at some frequencies frequencies,, called its resonant frequencies, frequencies, with greater amplitude than at others. The oscill oscillatio at ions ns in a resonator can ca n be either either electromagnetic or mechanica ec hanicall (includ (includ i ng acoustic acoustic)). Resonators are used to either generate waves of specif spe cific ic frequencies or to select specif spe cifiic frequenci frequenc ies from a signa signal. l. Musical instruments use acoustic resonators that produce sound waves of speci spec ific tones. A Pyrami Pyramid d As A Ca Cavi vity ty Reso Resonator nator A cavity resonat usually used in reference to electrom electro magne ag nett ic resonators, reso nators, is one in which which waves exist in in a res onator or, usually hollow hollow space spa ce insi inside de the device device.. Acoustic Ac oustic cavity resonators reso nators,, in in which which sound is is produced prod uced by air vibrating vibra ting in a cavity with one o ne openin op ening, g, are known as Helmholtz resonators. resonators. A physical physical system can c an have as a s many resonant frequencies as it has degrees of freedom; freedom; each eac h degree of freedom reedo m can vi vibrate as a harmonic oscillator . Systems with with one o ne degree de gree of free freedo dom, m, such s uch as a mass on a spring, pendu pendullum umss, bal balanc ancee wh wheel eelss, and and LC tuned tuned circui circuits ts have one resonant reso nant freq frequency. uency. Systems with with two degrees de grees of freedom, freedo m, such as coupled pendulums and and resonant transformers can have two resonant reso nant frequenci frequenc ies. A crystal lattice composed of N of N atoms atoms boun bo und d together can have have N reso N resonant nant freq frequencies. uencies. As the num numbe berr of coupled coupled harmonic harmonic oscil osc illato lators rs grows, the time time it takes to transfer energy from one to the next becomes bec omes significa significant. nt. The vibrations vibrations in them begin to travel through the coupled co upled harmonic harmonic osci osc illa lla tors in waves, from one oscil osc illato latorr to the next. next. The term resonator is most often used for a homogeneous homogeneo us objec ob jectt in which which vibra vibrations tions travel as waves, at an appro ap proxi ximate matell y constant c onstant velocity, velocity, bounci bo uncing ng back ba ck and forth forth betwee b etween n the sides of the resonator. resonato r. The material of the resonator, resonato r, through which which the waves flow, flow, can c an be viewed viewed as being being made of mi millio llio ns of coupl coupled ed moving oving parts (suc (such h as atoms). atoms). Theref Therefore ore they they can hav havee milli llio ns of resonant reso nant frequencies, freque ncies, although only a few may be used used in in practical pra ctical resonators. reso nators. The oppositely opp ositely moving moving waves interfere with with each other to create a pattern of standing of standing waves in the resonator. resona tor. If the the distance between be tween the side sidess is , the length of a round trip is . To cause resonance, reso nance, the ph the phase ase of a sinusoidal wave after a round trip must be equal equal to the the initi nitial al phase phase so the the waves self-reinf self-reinforce. orce. The The conditi conditio o n for resonan resonance ce in a resonator resonator is that the round trip distance, , is equal eq ual to an integral ntegra l num numbe berr of wavelengths wavelengt hs of the wave:
If the velocity of a wave is
, the frequency is
so the resonant reso nant frequencies are: are :
So the resonant frequencies requencies of resonators, called called normal modes, modes, are equal eq uallly spaced spac ed mul multip tiples les (harmonics harmonics)) of a lowest freq frequency uency call c alled ed the fundamental frequency. frequency. The above ab ove analysis analysis assumes the medium inside inside the resonator is homog homogeneo eneous, us, so the waves travel at a constant speed, speed , and that that the shape of the resonator is rectilinear. rectilinear. If the the resonator is inh inhomoge omogeneo neous us or has a nonrectilinear shape, like a circul circular drumhead or a cylindrical microwave cavity, cavity, the resonant reso nant freq frequenc uenciies may not not occur oc cur at equal eq ually ly spac s paced ed mul multt iples iple s of the fundame fundamenta nta l frequency. They are then called called overtones instead of harmonics of harmonics.. There may be several such series of resonant reso nant frequencies in a singl singlee resonator, reso nator, corresp co rresponding onding to diff differen erentt modes of vibra vibratio tion. n.
Preface: Auth Author’ or’ss Findi Findings ngs Supp Supported orted by Wik Wikiipedia and Peer -Reviewed -Reviewed Research The purpose purpos e for constructing a prototype proto type model of the the Great Pyramid Pyramid at Giza Giza Egypt is to identify identify the shape shap e as a resonant reso nant cavity. Accord Acc ordin ing g to Wikiped Wikipedia ia a resonator is cavity and is defined as: A resonator is is a device or system that exhi e xhibits bits resonance or resonant behav behaviior, that that is, it natural aturally ly oscillates at some frequencies frequencies,, called its resonant frequencies, frequencies, with greater amplitude than at others. The oscill oscillatio at ions ns in a resonator can ca n be either either electromagnetic or mechanica ec hanicall (includ (includ i ng acoustic acoustic)). Resonators are used to either generate waves of specif spe cific ic frequencies or to select specif spe cifiic frequenci frequenc ies from a signa signal. l. Musical instruments use acoustic resonators that produce sound waves of speci spec ific tones. A Pyrami Pyramid d As A Ca Cavi vity ty Reso Resonator nator A cavity resonat usually used in reference to electrom electro magne ag nett ic resonators, reso nators, is one in which which waves exist in in a res onator or, usually hollow hollow space spa ce insi inside de the device device.. Acoustic Ac oustic cavity resonators reso nators,, in in which which sound is is produced prod uced by air vibrating vibra ting in a cavity with one o ne openin op ening, g, are known as Helmholtz resonators. resonators. A physical physical system can c an have as a s many resonant frequencies as it has degrees of freedom; freedom; each eac h degree of freedom reedo m can vi vibrate as a harmonic oscillator . Systems with with one o ne degree de gree of free freedo dom, m, such s uch as a mass on a spring, pendu pendullum umss, bal balanc ancee wh wheel eelss, and and LC tuned tuned circui circuits ts have one resonant reso nant freq frequency. uency. Systems with with two degrees de grees of freedom, freedo m, such as coupled pendulums and and resonant transformers can have two resonant reso nant frequenci frequenc ies. A crystal lattice composed of N of N atoms atoms boun bo und d together can have have N reso N resonant nant freq frequencies. uencies. As the num numbe berr of coupled coupled harmonic harmonic oscil osc illato lators rs grows, the time time it takes to transfer energy from one to the next becomes bec omes significa significant. nt. The vibrations vibrations in them begin to travel through the coupled co upled harmonic harmonic osci osc illa lla tors in waves, from one oscil osc illato latorr to the next. next. The term resonator is most often used for a homogeneous homogeneo us objec ob jectt in which which vibra vibrations tions travel as waves, at an appro ap proxi ximate matell y constant c onstant velocity, velocity, bounci bo uncing ng back ba ck and forth forth betwee b etween n the sides of the resonator. resonato r. The material of the resonator, resonato r, through which which the waves flow, flow, can c an be viewed viewed as being being made of mi millio llio ns of coupl coupled ed moving oving parts (suc (such h as atoms). atoms). Theref Therefore ore they they can hav havee milli llio ns of resonant reso nant frequencies, freque ncies, although only a few may be used used in in practical pra ctical resonators. reso nators. The oppositely opp ositely moving moving waves interfere with with each other to create a pattern of standing of standing waves in the resonator. resona tor. If the the distance between be tween the side sidess is , the length of a round trip is . To cause resonance, reso nance, the ph the phase ase of a sinusoidal wave after a round trip must be equal equal to the the initi nitial al phase phase so the the waves self-reinf self-reinforce. orce. The The conditi conditio o n for resonan resonance ce in a resonator resonator is that the round trip distance, , is equal eq ual to an integral ntegra l num numbe berr of wavelengths wavelengt hs of the wave:
If the velocity of a wave is
, the frequency is
so the resonant reso nant frequencies are: are :
So the resonant frequencies requencies of resonators, called called normal modes, modes, are equal eq uallly spaced spac ed mul multip tiples les (harmonics harmonics)) of a lowest freq frequency uency call c alled ed the fundamental frequency. frequency. The above ab ove analysis analysis assumes the medium inside inside the resonator is homog homogeneo eneous, us, so the waves travel at a constant speed, speed , and that that the shape of the resonator is rectilinear. rectilinear. If the the resonator is inh inhomoge omogeneo neous us or has a nonrectilinear shape, like a circul circular drumhead or a cylindrical microwave cavity, cavity, the resonant reso nant freq frequenc uenciies may not not occur oc cur at equal eq ually ly spac s paced ed mul multt iples iple s of the fundame fundamenta nta l frequency. They are then called called overtones instead of harmonics of harmonics.. There may be several such series of resonant reso nant frequencies in a singl singlee resonator, reso nator, corresp co rresponding onding to diff differen erentt modes of vibra vibratio tion. n.
Because of the universe and cosmos as a spacetim time continuum continuum -- a region region for aether a ether to be abundant ab undant for all to harness is the Great Pyramid which also incorporates in its sides and angles angles the means for creating a highly sophisticated map projecti projection on of the the north northern ern geo-hemisphere.
Further along with the other two Giza Giza pyrami p yramids ds repl rep licates the exact positi p ositions ons of the three stars in in the Constell Co nstellat ation ion Orion where is an example of The Golden Golden Spiral, S piral, whereby whereb y the three three pyrami pyra mids ds and the Sphi Sp hinx nx are ar e interlock interlocked ed and thus situated situated by desig de sign. n. The PyramiTroniX The PyramiTroniX Resonator Resonator sim similar ilarly ly introd introduces uces the shape for the the invention invention which accelerates the Law of Attraction Att raction as a scaled down version version for the “ pyram pyramiid housing assembly.” The purpose for this this housing is to capture ca pture the elect electron ron (photon) (p hoton) discharge abundant ab undant in the aether which which couples couples with the the bio-photo bio- photons ns of an individ ndivid ual's ua l's brain brain and and body.
The present pre sent inventio invention n provi pro vide dess a method and apparatus appa ratus that addresse add ressess "putative "putative"" energy fields fields or bio fields fields which which have denied measurement measureme nt based ba sed on the concep co nceptt that that humans humans are infused infused with a subtle energy having having 70 differe different nt names such as chi, ki, ki, prana, pra na, lilife force, etc. However, Ho wever, in theoretical physics, physics, scalar field theory can refer to a classical or quantum or quantum theory of scalar of scalar fields. fields. A field field which is invar invariant iant under any a ny Lorentz transformation is called called a "scal sca lar", ar ", in contrast to a vector or tensor or tensor field. field. The quanta of o f the quantized quantized scalar sca lar fiel field d are spin-zero spin-zero particles, particles, and as such are boson are bosonss. The only only fundame fundame ntal nta l scalar sca lar fiel field d that has been observed ob served in nature is the Higgs field. field. However, Howe ver, scalar sca lar fields fields appe ap pear ar in the effective field theory descriptions de scriptions of many physi physical cal phenom phenomen ena. a. An exampl examplee is the the pi pion on,, which is actually a "pseudosca "pseudo scalar", lar", which which means it is not invarian invariantt under pari parity ty tran transf sform ormat atiio ns which which invert the spati spa tial al di d irections, rec tions, disting distinguish uishii ng it from a true scalar, which which is parity parity-inv -invar ar iant. Because Because of the the relati relative ve sim simplicity plicity of the the mathem athemati atics cs involved, volved, scalar scalar fields elds are often often the the first field field introd introduced uced to a student of classical or quantum field field theory. In part In partiicl clee phy physi sics cs,, a pion (or a pi meson, denoted with the Greek Greek letter letter pi pi:: π) is is any a ny of three three subatomic particles: particles : π0, π+, and π−. Each pion consists consists of a quark and quark and an antiquark and is is therefore a meson meson.. Pions are the the lightest lightest mesons (and, (a nd, mor moree generally, the lilightest hadrons)), because hadrons bec ause they are composed of the li lightes ghtestt quarks (the (the u and d quarks). They They are unstable, unstable, with with the −8 charged pions π+ and π− decaying with a mean lifetime of 26 nanoseconds (2.6×10 seconds), and the neutral
pion pion π0 deca de cayi ying ng with a much much shorter shorte r lifetime lifetime of 8.4×1 8.4 ×10 0−17 seconds. Charged pions most often decay into muons and muon muon neutrinos, neutrinos, and neutral pions into into gamma rays. rays. Nonethe Nonethelless, sin since biof biofiields have have not been measu measured red by conven conventi tio o nal instrum strumen ents ts and that that nei neither ther the the exter externa nall field nor their their therape therapeuti uticc effects effects have been bee n robustly robustly scientifi scientifica cally lly demonstrated as a biophysi biophysica call pro cess, the the objecti objec tive ve is to to design design a method and apparatus that focuses focuses on the interacti interactio o ns of the the brain brain (consci (co nsciousness ousness)) and body (cardiac) (cardiac) to ampl amplify ify emoti emotional onal,, mental ental,, social social,, and and spiri spiritu tual al parameter parameterss of hu human growt growth h and and selfselfdevelopment. Non-inv Non-invasi asive ve measurem easuremen entt can determ determine vari various chang changes es in biol biologi ogicc al system system s whi which includes cludes the the chem chemical analysis analysis of blood, urine, urine, and other processes proces ses relative relative to bio-photoni bio- photonicc discharge discharge usuall usually y considered the waste by product product of metabol metaboliism. Previ Pre viously, ously, infrare nfrared d photon photo n energy was used since since the kinetic kinetic energy of thermal movemen movementt of molecu molecules les is E = 0.132 0.1 32 eV (electron volts) volts) at 9,350 9,35 0 nm (nanometers). (nanometers). In contrast is the the 1.67 1 .67 - 3.41 eV (electron volts) volts) of visi visib b le photons photons necessar necessary y for cell cells to regen regenerat eratee regardi regarding ng bio-photon bio-photon emi emissio ssio ns (BPE) (BPE) as natural natural processes. processes. Bearden (1995 (1 995)) determined determined 1kg of mass was equi eq uivalent valent to 17.053 17. 053 X 10 ^ 50 and served as an "action switch" switch" as a small small as a quantum as defined defined by Planck's Planck' s constant divided divided by four. He de - different differentiate iated d an infecte nfected d cel ce ll (DND) and it was the the de-d de -diifferentiat ion io n process proce ss that that indicated indicated the DNA as a "tim time -re versa l" potential potential at its previ previous state state of health ealth and and well wellness. Howev However er a problem problem observed observed is between between energy energy and the the energy energy densi density flow relative relative to Einstein Einstein's 's E=MC ^2. ^2 . He related that electromagnetic electromagnetic energy trappe tra pped d in in space is is equal to c ^2 (tim (time squared) since energ e nergy y can ca n be transformed transformed from one state to another state. state . However, a reference to Whitaker' Whitaker'ss (1903 (1 903)) seminal seminal paper pap er "On the partial di d ifferentiat ere ntiatio ion n equation of of mathemat mathematica ica l physi p hysics cs"" indicate indicatess that scal sca lar potentials potentials can be deco de compositi mpositio o ned into into a harmonic harmonic series of biobio directiona directionall electroma electroma gnetic wave pairs. pairs. Of signifi significc a nce is that that each eac h wave wave pai pa ir consists consists of a wave and its its phase conjug co njugate ate (anti-wave) observed ob served as a "vi "virtua rt uall " or o r phantom eff e ffec ect. t. By the "distort "distort ion correc cor rection tion theorem" theore m" of nonnon linear optics (not yet in in existence existence til til 1970) 197 0) was each wave wave pai pa ir (wave, anti-wave) as a superpo superposi siti tio o n for space spa ce (wave) and time time (anti-wave). (anti-wave). Therefore Therefore each eac h wave pair appears app ears as a standing standing wave where each eac h point point as (E ) energy of o f the wave and (-E) (- E) N- energy of the anti-wave simulta simultaneo neously usly superimpo superimpose se with each eac h other. In superpositio superpositio n (E, -E); individ ndividual ual vectors do not not cancel ca ncel or cease ceas e to exist exist since since the wave pair passes throug through h space spac e as observed obse rved by the the observer. o bserver. For thi this to occur, an observati obse rvation on tim time is needed to detect detec t the the "observation effect" effect" as E and -E. However, Howe ver, it is the E(T) and - E(T), the "ob "observatio servation n time time differe differentia ntiatio tio n" which which removes time time so that the obse o bserver rver will will observe ob serve a zero an a n d a non-E non- E field field compri co mprised sed of E + (-E) (- E) = 0. Thus Thus the scalar sca lar fiel field d densi de nsities ties can b e summ summed at any point point and a gravi gravitatio nal standing wave is is superposed superpo sed as the true phase p hase conjugate conjugate replicated replicated (tim (time-reversa e- reversall of wave pairs) and and the electromagne electromagnetic tic field is converted to gravi gravity. ty. Whitaker Whitaker indicated ndicated that the the wave pair incl include ude s photons/anti-p hotons as pairs pairs -- - a spin 2 entiti entitiee s called called gravi gravitons, not individua individua l photon photo n in in the 4th dimens dimensiio n (time). (time). Whereas Where as,, E(T) and - E(T) did did not cancel canc el in in the 3rd dimension dimension (space). Mind, Mi nd, Body, & Spiri Spiritt Development Th Thee practi prac tical cal scalabil scalabiliity of the the Pyrami PyramiTro TroniX niX Resonator as a full-sc ull-scaa le model ode l can now now evolve evolve as a trihi trihierar erarcc hical stage of development development regarding regarding mind, body bod y and spiritual. Contem Co ntempora porary ry neuroscience neuroscie nce research researc h addresses addresse s the the existence existence of algorithms algorithms for all all sensory transducti transductio on necessary as a s brain-speci brain-spec ific codi cod ing referred referred to as "i "intrinsic data fields" (IDF). Direc Directt stimula stimulatio tion n of these code co dess are within within the hum human an temporal tempo ral or o r limbic imbic cortices co rtices with app a ppli licatio cation n of electrom electro magne ag nett ic patterns pat terns which which usually usua lly require re quire high high energy levels. However, Ho wever, a scaled sca led down do wn proce pro cess ss is coupli co upling ng a narrow band whose frequenc frequenciies range range from 1 - 15 cycles cycles per second seco nd HZ (Hertz).
Although Although the resultant vector vecto r summatio summation n of the the E field field is a zero vector, vecto r, the scalar field field densi de nsities ties can ca n be summ summed at any point thus “non-localization.” non-localization.” Of particul pa rticulaa r intere interest st is Dirac Dirac (1929 (19 29)) who postul po stulated ated a "quantum theory" for the electron electron and predicted anti particles particles and electrons electrons or positrons through the process p rocess of " positron annihilat annihilatiio n" where the pairi pairing of electrons produce prod uce a photon and the the new area of research researc h became known as "Quantum Electrodynamics" (QED).
Thus Thus non-localizatio non-localiza tion n was not an instanta nstantaneo neous us connection connection a cross space, but rather rather tim time which which coupled separate systems where wher e no physical physical (phantom (phanto m) activity activity or interact nterac t io n occurs occ urs at the speed of light. ight... ..b b ut thought. thought. Since Since non-localizat non-localizatio ion n was based on deBrogli deBroglie- Boem's Boe m's theory which which occurs when an electric electric current was passed through hydrogen hydro gen gas, gas , a radiated rad iated lig light, ht, when dispersed disper sed through a prism produce pro duced d a line ine spectrum spe ctrum and supported suppor ted Heisenberg's Heisenberg' s Uncertainty Uncerta inty Principle Principle based ba sed on energy and time time as a funct functiona ionall rel re lationship. ationsh ip. It further further purports purpo rts that that if energy was suffi sufficc ient ien t to penetra pe netrate te a barrier, ba rrier, the electr electron on coul co uld d "tunn "tunnee l" through that barrier by b y sharing "surplus "surplus"" (free) energy e nergy based base d on superpo supe rpositi sitio o n when the electron electro n is a wave funct function. ion. Since Since neurons neurons can ca n be excited excited by externally appl app lied tim time -varyi ng electromagnet electromagnetic ic fields, the pulse pulse current I(T), the point point source to where where a cell could could be position positioned ed above abo ve the forehead (pineal (pineal gland) gland) an/or adjacent to the head (temporal (tempora l lobe s) acti ac tivate vate the E-field E-field in tissue tissue base b ased d on Faraday's law" V x E= alphaB / alpha T where B is the magnetic magnetic field field produce pro duced d by the the coil c oil based bas ed on Biot-Savart Law B (r1, t) = mu0 mu0 / 4 pi => d/r ^1 X (r-r ^1) / 1r - t (1/3) These laws laws are amenable amenable to scientific scientific method as a non-in non-invasi vasive ve imaging process proc ess where the brain as a charge point point can be measu measured red as a fi field eld outsi outside de the the head indi indicativ cativee of metabol metaboliic and and hem hemo (blood) (blood) dynam dynamiics. The The conventional neuroscience provides evidence-based research for multiple techniques regarding imaging. Raymond Raymond W. Ebbeler, Ph.D. (Candi (Ca ndidate date;; on Sabbati Sabba tical) cal) Health Psychology, Walden University The Wishing Mac Machi hine ne This This amazing amazin g machine is actuall ac tually y just a type of “Psionic” Psionic ” amplifier amplifier that works using using a direct link ink to your own mind. mind. It essenti esse ntially ally amplifies your intent intent or wish wish and can help help to materialize ate rialize it into into your real rea lity. ity. The mac machi hine ne is simply simply a tool too l and the real rea l power po wer actually comes co mes from from the perso p erson n usin using g it so the more more focused your mind mind and a nd will willpo powe werr is the better be tter your results will will be. be .
This technology has been around for many years and was successfully tested many times even in laboratory conditions. Many people thought it was complete nonsense but now conventional science is finally catching up. Some researchers now believe that it is a Quantum Mechanics effect that allows the machine to work. A thought experiment invented by Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen back in the late 1930's has now begun to scientifically substantiate much of the psychic and Psionic phenomenon. It is a sort of bizarre loophole in quantum physics known as the EPR (Einstein-Podo lskyRosen) effect that seems to tell us that our world is put together in such a way that an event going on in a distant galaxy or in the mind of a friend across town is also going on in some analogous way in our own mind simultaneously. The experiment is a bit complex and rather difficult to explain but here it is: The experiment involves what physicists call a two particle system of zero spin. This means that you have two particles, such as two electrons, one spinning one way and the other spinning in exactly the opposite way so that the spin of each of the electrons cancels the other out. One spins right while the other spins left or one spins up while the other spins down. In the experiment the two particles are separated electrically so that their spins should not have an effect on one another. Now comes the strange part. Physicists were able to affect the spin of one of the electrons randomly using a magnetic field and found that the other electron seemed to know instantly that this occurred and it reverses its own spin to maintain equilibrium of spin cancellation. This experiment tends to confirm that there is a universal connectedness with all things within our world. And that information about any part of the whole is instantly availab le to any single part! This strange connectedness proven by the EPR effect has a mathematica l proof known as Bell's theorem, which was published in 1964 by J .S. Bell, a physicist at the European organization for nuclear research (CERN) in Switzerland. Bells theorem implies that at a fundamental level the "separate parts" of the universe are connected in an intimate and immediate way. Another amazing part of this is the fact that this type of informatio nal transfer if you will takes place instantaneously everywhere in the universe. This has some incredible and far reaching implications in the way our reality actually works. The experiment gives confirmation to the belief that all matter in the known universe exhibits a universal connectedness and that information is available and accessible to anything or anyone who knows the secret of accessing it. This is like a universa l collective unconscious. This also means that the subconscious minds of all people are also collectivel y linked on some level together and to the rest of the universe. The same apparently goes for all physical matter. Future Horizons Dr. Raymond Brown and the Underwater Pyramid
In 1970, Dr. Ray Brown, a naturopathic practitioner from Mesa, Arizona, was sc uba diving with friends near the Bari islands, Bahamas, in an area 20 miles from the edge of a submarine drop-off called the Tongue of the Ocean. During the dive, Brown became separated from his companions, and in trying to rejoin them, suddenly saw a strange pyramid shape looming up against t he aquamarine light. The pyramid was situated 22 fathoms down, s tood 120 feet high, with only 90 feet projecting out of the sea floor shifting sands. Brown was at first struck by how smooth and mirrorlike the stone surface of the structure was, with the joints between the individual blocks almost indiscernible. Swimming about the capstone, which t he Arizona diver thought looked like lapis lazuli, he discovered an entranceway and decided to explore further. Passing along a narrow hallway, Brown finally came to a small rectangular room with a pyramid-shaped ceiling. W hat was amazing was that the room contained no algae or coral growing on the inner walls. They were completely spotless. In addition, though Brown had brought no flashlight, he could nevertheless see everything in the room perfectly. It was very bright and well lit , but no direct light source was visible. Brown's attention was drawn t o a brassy metallic rod 3 inches in diameter hanging down from the apex of the center, and at its end was attached a many -faceted red gem, which came to a point. Directly below the rod and gem, sitting in the middle of the room was a stand of carved stone topped by a stone plate with scrolled ends.
On the plate rested a pair of carved met al bronze-c olored hands, life-sized, which appeared black ened and burnt, as if having been subjected to tremendous heat. Nestled in the hands, and situated 4 feet directly below t he ceiling rod gem point, was a crystal sphere 3-1/2 inches in diameter. Brown first attempted to pry loose the ceiling rod and red gemstone, but neither would budge. Turning back to th e crystal sphere he found it easily separated from the bronze hand holders, and left the pyramid with it. As he departed, Brown felt a presence, and heard a voice from somewhere telling him never to return. Fearing that his unusual prize might be confiscated as salvage-treasure by the U.S. government, Dr. Brown did not disclose the existence of the strange crys tal or his experiences until 1975, when he exhibited the cryst al for the first time . He displayed the crys tal only a half dozen times, but each time witnesses have seen or have been sensitive to st range phenomena directly associated with it. Deep inside the crystal form one gazes upon three pyramid images, one in front of the other, in decreasing sizes. Some, entering into a meditative or alpha brainwave state of consciousness, are able to clearly see a fourth pyramid, in the foreground of the other three. The significance of the image may have been hinted at by psychic Elizabeth Bacon of New York. In a trance reading on the mysterious sphere, she received the message that the object had once belonged to Thoth, the Egyptian god who ages ago buried a secret vault of knowledge at Giza, near the three great Py ramids t here. Do the positions of the three pyramid images in the crystal hold a key to finding a fourth, as yet unfound subterranean pyramid, that is the fabled Hall of Records? From the side, the internal images dissolve into thousands of tiny fracture lines, and Brown feels these may be electrical in nature, like some form of microscopic circuit ry. From still another angle, and under s pecial conditions, many witnesses have been able to see a large single human eye staring out serenely at them. Photographs of this eye have also been taken. Like the mysterious crystal skull of Central America, Dr. Brown's crystal sphere is the source of a variety of paranormal events. People have felt breezes of ionic winds blowing close to it; cold and warm layers surround it at various distances; other witnesses have been phantom lights, heard voices, or felt strange tingling sensations around it. A c ompass needle placed next to the sphere will spin counterclockwise, then begin turning in the opposite direction when moved only two inches away. Metals are temporarily magnetized in close contact with it. There are even recorded instances where one person has been temporarily healed of an ailment by touching the crystal sphere, but then the next person to come into its range took on the symptoms of the ailment of the other person, as if the crystal could draw out and then activate human disorders at will. Just what the purpose of the crystal sphere was, and what role it once played in the enigmatic instrument Brown found inside the sunken Bahaman pyramid , remains a mystery, though of course there are some interesting possibilities. One idea proposed is that the sunken pyramid once attracted, accumulated and generated cosmic forces. The suspended rod may have conducted forces accumulated in the capstone; the faceted red gem at its end concentrated and projected the energy to the crystal sphere below it; and the burnt and blackened hands, showing the evidence of an energy transfer, probably amplified the release of energies; while the crystal sphere acted as the tuner and broadcaster of the energies. All t hat we know for certain is that the crystal sphere Dr. Brown retrieved from t his system is by itself testimony to a most sophisticated technology, for as experts at the Smithsonian Institute in Washington noted, the technology for cutting quartz stone to the perfection exhibited in the crystal sphere was not accomplished by our civilization until after 1900.
Is It Alien Technology? Another Variant Is The Telepathic Pyramid
The painting also shows the exact shape and relative size of the pyramid, as well as the manner it was held by the being. The colour scheme of the pyramid’s surface, as well as shadows and illustration of walls’ transparency, is conveying the impression that Daniela got when looking at the working pyramid.
Fig. C2. A photograph of the pyramid Shown is a prototype of this device built in Poland, but not made operational. More details about the purpose, operation, and theory behind t his device is provided in treatise [7], in chapter G of monographs [3] & [3/2], as well as in chapter N of monographs [1/2] & [1/3]. Research on the prototype completed by Daniela indicated that after an alternating current of high frequency is supplied to the device from an external source (e.g. from a radio) t he pyramid produces s ome kind of telepathic signal. However, her prototype still hides some construct ion errors which make it impossible to operate according to the original specification of the giver. To eliminate these errors, further theoretical research and physical development needs t o be carried out. (Top) The side view of the whole pyramid. The device is held by mys elf (Dr Jan Pajak) in a manner similar as the little being with blue eyes held it in his hands. During such holding the biofield of the user infiltrates through the active space of the device. Because this bio-field carries the thoughts of the user, it modifies with these thoughts the st ate of the optical interference cavity. In turn the modification s of this optical interference cavity are imposed onto the electrical oscillations from the pyramid’s resonator, thus modulating these oscillations.
After t he modulation into magnetic vibrations these thoughts are emitt ed into space from which they c an be intercepted by another s imilar device. After being intercepted these thoughts are demodulated and superimpos ed on the biofield of another user, thus appearing in his/ her mind as another set of thoughts imposed on his/her own.
(Bott om) The inner components of the pyramid. The casing (hat) is visible from underneath after being put aside on the right.
Fig. C3. The general shape, design, and main components of the pyramid This illustration is prepared as if all the elements were transparent, i.e. through s ubsequent components the elements, shapes, and connections placed behind them are visible. It represents a repetition of Figure N2 from monographs [1/3] and [1/2], and Figure 1 from treatise [7]. This device is shaped as a pyramid of around 27.5 [cm] high. Its wiring and main components are hermetically enclosed inside a pyramidal casing made of perspex or glass. The casing hosts: a copper frame (F) shaped like a pyramid and aligning each corner of the casing, a conical coil © also made of a copper wire, four aluminium disk s (D1), (D2), (D3), (D4) at tached to the side walls of the pyramidal casing - one of them (D1) should have a
small hole in the centre, quartz crystal (Q) placed at ¼ of the height, phial (T) placed in the centre of the base, two inductors (I1) and (I2), and four cascades of mirrors (M1), (M2), (M3), (M4) placed in four corners of the base. All these components should not touch each other, although they should be electrically connected together according to the original instruction. Their electric al properties s hould fulfil the condition of “harmonic” proportions.
The phial (T) should be half filled with ordinary kitchen salt, half with mercury. It is recommended that it should work under a vacuum. Both inductors (I1) and (I2) are made of small bar magnets with copper wiring tightly winded around them. Each cascade of mirrors (M) is made of three small mirrors of descending heights. The copper frame (F) is simply eight pieces of copper wire joined together so that they form the shape of a pyramid. It is recommended that the whole pyramid s hould be under a vacuum.
Fig. D1. The electrical diagram which illustrates the basic circuits and connections existing in the pyramid It is reproduced from Figure N3 of monograph [1/3]. The continuous lines indicate the connections that were described to Daniela in the original disclosure. The broken lines indicate electrical connections which were not included in the original disclosure, but the existence of which is explained by theories described in chapter D of this treatise (chapter D explains t he phenomena, principles, and basic circuit s involved in the pyramid’s operation). The below diagram illustrates my knowledge about the operation of this device at the time of writing this treatise (the further theoretical research which I continually carry out, combined with experiments which hopefully will be inspired by this treatis e and may be completed by readers, in future may introduce s ome improvements to this diagram).
Names of subsequent components of this pyramid are reflecting the use of this device as a telepathyser. The corresponding names of the same components for the operation of the pyramid as a telekinetic batt ery are
explained in subsection D2.4. The pyramid is composed of the following main circuits and individual components: (1) receiving antenna for telepathic waves. It is composed of the quartz c rystal (Q) plac ed in the focal point of the telepathic resonance cavity that is formed from four aluminium disks (D1, D2, ... D4). (2) The modulating and demodulating circuit (resonator - R). It is composed of such components as inductors (I1) and (I2), a glowing tube (T), and a vacuum capacitor. The capacitor is formed out of two types of “plates ” (which differ in shapes), s eparated from each other with a layer of vacuum (or air). The first of these “plates ” is formed from four aluminium disks (D1, D2, ... D4) connected together. The second “plate” of the capacitor is formed from a conical coil © and a frame (F) connected to it. In order to increase the communicativeness of this diagram, the resonator circuit is marked with a dotted line ®. (3) The optical interference chamber/cavity which functions as an “inouter” for thoughts. It is composed of: a glowing tube (T) and not shown here four cascades of mirrors (M) which cooperate with this tube. (4) Emitting antenna which forms the telepathic waves and sends them throughout counter-world. It has a shape of a conical coil ©.
Fig. D2. A revealing device. It represents a simplified, self-defense version of telepathic telescopes Such devices, if completed, would enable us to see our cosmic parasites which so-far successfully were hiding from our sight by entering a state of telekinetic flickering. More t horoughly the design of this device is described in treatise [7B]. A state of telekinetic flickering is accomplished by switching on a sequence of fast pulses of the telekinetic field. Each such a pulse is turning the object that is wrapped into this field into a transparent energy pattern or cloud. But between these pulses the objec t remains material and visible. Therefore, if such a flickering is fast enough, the object becomes unnoticeable for our eyes, similarly as in our motion pict ures the flickering of individual frames becomes invisible for us. But each pulse of the telekinetic field can be intercepted by the device showed here, and revealed as a glowing s hape. Therefore the revealing device illus trated here allows us to see normally invisible UFOnauts and their vehicles. They appear as glowing figures at the device’s electromagnetic screen (s).
As this is the case with optical telescopes, also the revealing devices are composed of a main t ube (t), on which all other components are to be assembled. At the frontal part of this tube a focusing magnetic lens (f) is assembled. At the rear part of the same tube the viewing magnetic lens (v) is assembled. In a simplified, self defence version of the telepathic teles copes called here “revealing devices ”, s uch lenses (f) and (v) are simply permanent magnets (or permanent electromagnets which use DC). In centre of the tube an electromagnetic screen (s) is formed - see the dotted plane extending ac ross the tube (t). This screen is composed of a collision surface and the athwart electrostatic field. The collision surface (s) is formed by the two magnetic fields bumping into each other with their magnetic poles (O) which represent an “outlet” for flow of counter -matter (for the notation of magnetic polarity used by present physicists: O=N). The athwart electros tatic field which is spreading from two thin electrodes (e) extending along the peripherals of the collision surface and placed at the opposite side of the tube (t). The whole interior of the tube must be filled up with an extraction glow generating substance (g).
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Appendixes Appendix Z1 List of illustrations of the treatise [7/2] “Pyramid of thoughts” (ISBN 0-9583727-1-3) Because c opies of this treatise [ 7/2] are to be available via Internet, where the inclusion of illustrations may pose a technical problem, in this listing of illustrations additional information i s provided which indicates which of the publications listed i chapter G also contains a given Figure (most of publications listed in chapter G was supplied to the National Library of Poland, to all libraries of province capitols in Poland, and als o to the main libraries of almost all higher education institutions in Poland, not mentioning similar libraries in New Zealand and in several other countries outside Poland). For example the symbol [1/3]-F1 means that a give illustration is also included into the monograph [1/3] as Figure F1. The use of symbol ~ indic ates either an older version of the same illustration, or illustration very similar, while the use of symbol ¨ indicates a colour print of a given photograph. Note that in the following pairs of monographs very similar illustrations were used: [1/ 2] & [1/3], [3] & [3/2], [5] & [5/2], [5/3] & [5/4], [6] & [6/2]. Also the Polish and other language versions of the same publications have identical illustrations, e.g.: [5/2] & [5/2E], or [7], [7E] & [7I]. Treatise [7/2] includes 29 illust rations, which in the printed versions of this treatise are arranged into 12 Figures, a title page, and 2 “about the authors” pages. In Internet each of these illustrations is available as a separate item. Symbols assigned to individual illustrations/items reflect their location on a given Figure. Thus illustrations the symbol of which includes letter “H” are placed in the higher row of a Figure, while illustrations with letter “L” are placed in the lower row of a Figure. W ithin a given row, sy mbols “l, m, r” mean the location on left, in the middle, or on right. In turn symbols “a, b, c”, or “1, 2, 3, 4”, indicate a writing-type order within a given Figure. Fig. A1. The smallest Magnocraft - type K3. [4B]-B1, [5/2]-19, [5/4]-G2, [1/3]~F1, [6/2]-10, (A1a) General design and components of K3 type Magnocraft. [1/3] -F1, [1E]-B1, [1I]B1, [3/2]~H1, o (A1b) Side view of the smallest magnecraft type K3. [1/3] -F1, [1E]-G4, [1I]-G4, [5/4]-G2, o (A1c) Twin-chamber capsule composed of two oscillatory chambers. [1/3] -C5, [1E]-F4, [1I]-F4, o [2]C4, [3/2]-F5, Fig. A2. Flying arrangements formed by magnocraft. [1E] -G6, [1I]-G6, [2]-D3, [3/2]-H3, [5/3]-F5, [6/2]-12, [4B]-B2, Fig. A3. Scorch marks left on the ground by landed UFOs. (A3H) Connection between a vehicle’s height and a shape of landing site. [1/3]-F33, [1I]~G38, o [5/2]-23, [5/3]-F3, (A3L) Photographs of landing sites scorched by single UFOs. [1/3] -P1, [5/2]~33, [5/3]~G9, o (A3Ll) Two concentric rings. [1/3]-P1, [1E]-M7/H, [1I]-K1, [5/2]-33ª, [5/3]-G9, [5/4]-H9a, o (A3Lm) A ring with central scorching. [1/3] -P1, [1E]-M2/H, [5/2]-33b, [5/3]-G9, [5/4]-H9b, o (A3Lr) A ring with a flange. [ 1/3]-P1, [5/2]-33c, [5/3]-G9, [5/4]H9c, o Fig. A4. The Tapanui crater where around 7 UFO vehic les exploded in 1178 AD. [1/3]-P4, (A4H) A photograph of the Tapanui crater’s eastern slope. [1/3]-P4, [1E]-M19d, [1I]¨K4/L, [5/2]2, o [5/3]-A2, [ 5/4]-A2, (A4L) Comparison of similarities between Tapanui and Tunguska. [1/3] -P5, [1E]-M30, [5/2]-8, o [5/3]-C6, [5/4]-C6 Fig. A5. Examples of underground tunnels evaporated in rocks by UFOs. [1/3]-P6, [5/2]~32, [6/2]~21, (#1-#3) Photos of tunnels evaporated in rocks by UFOs. [1/3]-P6, [4B]-B4, (A5_1) Cocklebiddy Cave, Australia. [1E] -M18, [1I]¨K3/1, [5/2]-32/2, [5/3]-G8, [6/2]-21/2, [4B]o B4b, (A5_2) Deer Cave, Borneo, Malaysia. [1/3]-P6, [4B]-B4/ L, o (A5_3) Tunnel Morona-Santiago, Ecuador. [1E] -M17, [1I]¨K3/2ª, [5/2]-32/1, [5/3]-G8, [6/2]-21/1, o [4B]-B4a,
(A5_4) Principles of formation of underground tunnels by UFOs. [1/3]-F31, [4B]-B3, [1E]~G36, [1I]~G36, Fig. B1. The 550 million year-old imprint of human foot. [1/3]-O32, Fig. B2. An old church painting on the Crucifixion supervised by UFOs. see description under Fig. B2, Fig. C1. The little white being with blue eyes holding the pyramid. this illustration is unique for [7/2], Fig. C2. A photograph of the pyramid described here. [1/3] -N1, [3/2]-G1, [5/3]-F8, [7]~2, (C2H) Dr Jan Pajak holding the pyramid. [1/3] -N1, [3/2]-G1, [5/3]-F8, [7]~2, o (C2L) A photograph of the pyramid’s interior. [1/3]-N1, [3/2]-G1, [5/3]-F8, [7]~2, o Fig. C3. The internal design of the pyramid described here. [1/3] -N2, [3/2]-G2, [7]-1, Fig. D1. The electrical circuitry (connections) of the pyramid described here. [1/3] -N3, [3/2]-G3, Fig. D2. A revealing device. [7B]-1/H. Independently from Figures listed above, treatise [7/2] uses also one drawing on the front page which represents a repetition of illustration from Fig. C1, and also includes pass port-type photographs of both authors included into descriptions from chapter H “About Authors”. o
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Integrating the Pyramid Cavity and the Coupling Coefficient of Resonators: The Wishing Machine Schematic Wikipedia defines a coupling coefficient of resonators as having a dimensionless value that characterizes interaction of two resonators: in this case…the Pyramid Cavity and the Wishing Machine Schematic as Coupling coefficients which are used in resonator filter theory. Since resonators may be both electromagnetic and acoustic the coupling coefficients are synchronized together with resonant frequencies within the alpha – theta range such that the external quality factors of resonators are better generalized parameters of filters. In order to adjust the frequency response of the filter it is sufficient to optimize only these generalized parameters that are specific to the Pi (3.14) and Phi (1.618) ratios found in nature.
Evolution of the term Resonator Coupling coefficient considered as a positive constant Earlier well-known definitions of the coupling coefficient of resonators are given in monograph by G. Matthaei et al .[2] Note that these definitions are approximate because they were formulated in the assumption that the coupling between resonators is sufficiently small. However, the coupling coefficient for the case of two equal resonators such as the scaled down model of the Great Pyramid and a Tesla Coil is a positive constant as a longitudinal or standing wave that emits a scalar energy
The Pyramid cavity is a nodal representation for information transfer which characterizes interaction of “contextual” resonators as a resonant frequency range: Alpha – Theta
The PyramiTroniX Resonator will be a conduit for focusing thought to change one’s realty using the mind body-spirit triad which is the ultimate spiritual experience of transcendence.
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Bandpass filters with cross couplings
The Pyramidal Cell In the Human Brain and Bo dy
Exoteric versus Esoteric Science
As an exoteric scientist I was interested in using Psychoneuroimmunology to emphasize biophotonic emission, while I also was an esoteric scientist / pyramidologist and adhered to the discipline of Radionics as an innovative approach to integrating the mind-body problem in health psychology. I found that Psychoneuroimmunology actually addressed the overlap in the health and wellness industry as an alternative medicine that the American Medical Association (AMA) regards as a pseudoscience that I found it necessary to start a non-profit: Black Box Energies & Research. Unfortunately, the web site was removed and I had to go underground to do research on Radionics. Having traveled to the United Kingdom ten years previously in 1988 as an exchange student in World Art 101; I attended a conference held by the Radionics society in Oxford, England.
Basic Evolution of Radionics: The Human-Machine Interface & the Wishing Machine Circuit The Heironymus Machine Symbolics\Actual
https://youtu.be/uYL3tQborDw
Radionics: United States & United Kingdom From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search Contemporary Radionic instruments Radionics is an alternative medicine that claims disease can be diagnosed and treated with a kind of energy similar to radio waves. [1] The concept behind radionics originated in the early 1900s with Albert Abrams (1864 – 1924), who became a millionaire by leasing radionic machines which he designed himself.[1] Radionics contradicts some principles of physics and biology and so is commonly considered pseudoscience.[2]
The United States Food and Drug Administration does not recognize any legitimate medical uses for such devices.[1][2][3] The Wheatsone Bridge as a Substitute for the Radionic Circuit A Wheatstone bridge is an electrical circuit used to measure an unknown electrical resistance by balancing two legs of a bridge circuit, one leg of which includes the unknown component. Its operation is similar to the original potentiometer . It was invented by Samuel Hunter Christie in 1833 and improved and popularized by Sir
Charles Wheatstone in 1843. One of the Wheatstone bridge’s initial uses was for the purpose of soils analysis and comparison.[1]
Operation In the figure, is the unknown resistance to be measured; , and are resistors of known resistance and the resistance of is adjustable. If the ratio of the two resistances in the known leg is equal to the ratio of the two in the unknown leg , then the voltage between the two midpoints (B and D) will be zero and no current will flow through the galvanometer . If the bridge is unbalanced, the direction of the current indicates whether is too high or too low. is varied until there is no current through the galvanometer, which then reads zero. Detecting zero current with a galvanometer can be done to extremely high accuracy. Therefore, if , and are known to high precision, then can be measured to high precision. Very small changes in disrupt the balance and are readily detected. At the point of balance, the ratio of
Alternatively, if , , and are known, but is not adjustable, the voltage difference across or current flow through the meter can be used to calculate the value of , using Kirchhoff ’s circuit laws (also known as Kirchhoff ’ s rules). This setup is frequently used in strain gauge and resistance thermometer measurements, as it is usually faster to read a voltage level off a meter than to adjust a resistance to zero the voltage.
The 555 Timer Integrated Chip
The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer , pulse generation, and oscillator applications. The 555 can be used to provide time delays, as an oscillator , and as a flip-flop element. Derivatives provide up to four timing circuits in one package. Introduced in 1971 by American company Signetics, the 555 is still in widespread use due to its ease of use, low price, and stability. It is now made by many companies in the original bipolar and also in low-power CMOS types. As of 2003, it was estimated that 1 billion units are manufactured every year .[1]A
Design
Internal schematic
Internal schematic (CMOS version) The IC was designed in 1971 by Hans Camenzind under contract to Signetics, which was later acquired by Dutch company Philips Semiconductors (now NXP). Depending on the manufacturer, the standard 555 package includes 25 transistors, 2 diodes and 15 resistors on a silicon chip installed in an 8-pin mini dual-in-line package (DIP-8).[2] Variants available include the 556 (a 14 pin DIP combining two 555s on one chip), and the two 558 & 559s (both a 16- pin DIP combining four slightly modified 555s with DIS & THR connected internally, and TR is falling edge sensitive instead of level sensitive). The NE555 parts were commercial temperature range, 0 °C to +70 °C, and the SE555 part number designated the military temperature range, −55 °C to +125 °C. These were available in both high-re liability metal can (T package) and inexpensive epoxy plastic (V package) packages. Thus the full part numbers were NE555V, NE555T, SE555V, and SE555T. It has been hypothesized that the 555 got its name from the three 5kΩ resistors used within,[3] but Hans Camenzind has stated that the number was arbitrary.[1] Low-power versions of the 555 are also available, such as the 7555 and CMOS TLC555. [4] The 7555 is designed to cause less supply noise than the classic 555 and the manufacturer claims that it usually does not require a "control" capacitor and in many cases does not require a decoupling capacitor on the power supply. Those parts should generally be included, however, because noise produced by the timer or variation in power supply voltage might interfere with other parts of a circuit or influence its threshold voltages.
Pins
Pinout diagram The connection of the pins for a DIP package is as follows: Pin Name
Purpose
1
GND
Ground reference voltage, low level (0 V)
2
TRIG
3
OUT
4
RESET
5
CTRL Provides "control" access to the internal voltage divider (by default, 2/3 V CC).
6
THR
The timing (OUT high) interval ends when the voltage at THR ("threshold") is greater than that at CTRL (2/3 V CC if CTRL is open).
7
DIS
Open collector output which may discharge a capacitor between intervals. In phase with output.
8
V CC
Positive supply voltage, which is usually between 3 and 15 V depending on the variation.
The OUT pin goes high and a timing interval starts when this input falls below 1/2 of CTRL voltage (which is typically 1/3 V CC, CTRL being 2/3 V CC by default if CTRL is left open). This output is driven to approximately 1.7 V below +V CC, or to GND. A timing interval may be reset by driving this input to GND, but the timing does not begin again until RESET rises above approximately 0.7 volts. Overrides TRIG which overrides THR.
Pin 5 is also sometimes called the CONTROL VOLTAGE pin. By applying a voltage to the CONTROL VOLTAGE input one can alter the timing characteristics of the device. In most applications, the CONTROL VOLTAGE input is not used. It is usual to connect a 10 nF capacitor between pin 5 and 0 V to prevent interference. The CONTROL VOLTAGE input can be used to build an astable multivibrator with a frequency modulated output.
Modes The IC 555 has three operating modes:
Monostable mode: In this mode, the 555 functions as a "one-shot" pulse generator. Applications include timers, missing pulse detection, bouncefree switches, touch switches, frequency divider, capacitance measurement, pulse-width modulation (PWM) and so on. Astable (free-running) mode: The 555 can operate as an oscillator . Uses include LED and lamp flashers, pulse generation, logic clocks, tone generation, security alarms, pulse position modulation and so on. The 555 can be used as a simple ADC, converting an analog value to a pulse length. E.g. selecting a thermistor as timing resistor allows the use of the 555 in a temperature sensor: the period of the output pulse is determined by the temperature. The use of a microprocessor based circuit can then convert the pulse period to temperature, linearize it and even provide calibration means. Bistable mode or Schmitt trigger : The 555 can operate as a flip-flop, if the DIS pin is not connected and no capacitor is used. Uses include bounce-free latched switches.
Monostable
See also: RC circuit
Schematic of a 555 in monostable mode
The output pulse ends when the voltage on the capacitor equals 2/3 of the supply voltage. The output pulse width can be lengthened or shortened to the need of the specific application by adjusting the values of R and C.[5] The output pulse width of time t , which is the time it takes to charge C to 2/3 of the supply voltage, is given by
where t is in seconds, R is in ohms (resistance) and C is in farads (capacitance). While using the timer IC in monostable mode, the main disadvantage is that the time span between any two triggering pulses must be greater than the RC time constant.[6]
Bistable
Schematic of a 555 in bistable mode In bistable (also called Schmitt trigger ) mode, the 555 timer acts as a basic flip- flop. The trigger and reset inputs (pins 2 and 4 respectively on a 555) are held high via pull-up resistors while the threshold input (pin 6) is simply floating. Thus configured, pulling the trigger momentarily to ground acts as a 'set' and transitions the output pin (pin 3) to Vcc (high state). Pulling the reset input to ground acts as a 'reset' and transitions the output pin to ground (low state). No timing capacitors are required in a bistable configuration. Pin 5 (control voltage) is connected to ground via a small-value capacitor (usually 0.01 to 0.1 uF); pin 7 (discharge) is left floating.[7]
Astable
Standard 555 astable circuit In astable mode, the 555 timer puts out a continuous stream of rectangular pulses having a specified frequency. Resistor R 1 is connected between VCC and the discharge pin (pin 7) and another resistor (R 2) is connected between the discharge pin (pin 7), and the trigger (pin 2) and threshold (pin 6) pins that share a common node. Hence the capacitor is charged through R 1 and R 2, and discharged only through R 2, since pin 7 has low impedance to ground during output low intervals of the cycle, therefore discharging the capacitor. In the astable mode, the frequency of the pulse stream depends on the values of R 1, R 2 and C:
[8]
The high time from each pulse is given by:
and the low time from each pulse is given by:
where R 1 and R 2 are the values of the resistors in ohms and C is the value of the capacitor in farads.
The power capability of R 1 must be greater than
.
Particularly with bipolar 555s, low values of must be avoided so that the output stays saturated near zero volts during discharge, as assumed by the above equation. Otherwise the output low time will be greater than calculated above. The first cycle will take appreciably longer than the calculated time, as the capacitor must charge from 0V to 2/3 of VCC from power-up, but only from 1/3 of VCC to 2/3 of VCC on subsequent cycles. To have an output high time shorter than the low time (i.e., a duty cycle less than 50%) a small diode (that is fast enough for the application) can be placed in parallel with R 2, with the cathode on the capacitor side. This bypasses R 2 during the high part of the cycle so that the high interval depends only on R 1 and C, with an adjustment based the voltage drop across the diode. The voltage drop across the diode slows charging on the capacitor so that the high time is a longer than the expected and often- cited ln(2)*R 1C = 0.693 R 1C. The low time will be the same as above, 0.693 R 1C. With the bypass diode, the high time is
where Vdiode is when the diode's "on" current is 1/2 of Vcc /R 1 which can be determined from its datasheet or by testing. As an extreme example, when Vcc = 5 and Vdiode = 0.7, high time = 1.00 R 1C which is 45% longer than the "expected" 0.693 R 1C. At the other extreme, when Vcc = 15 and Vdiode = 0.3, the high time = 0.725 R 1C which is closer to the expected 0.693 R 1C. The equation reduces to the expected 0.693 R 1C if Vdiode = 0. The operation of RESET in this mode is not well defined, some manufacturers' parts will hold the output state to what it was when RESET is taken low, others will send the output either high or low.
Specifications These specifications apply to the NE555. Other 555 timers can have different specifications depending on the grade (military, medical, etc.). Supply voltage (V CC) Supply current (V CC = +5 V)
4.5 to 15 V 3 to 6 mA
Supply current (V CC = +15 V) Output current (maximum)
10 to 15 mA 200 mA
Maximum Power dissipation
600 mW
Power consumption (minimum operating) 30 mW@5V, 225 mW@15V Operating temperature
0 to 70 °C
Derivatives Many pin-compatible variants, including CMOS versions, have been built by various companies. Bigger packages also exist with two or four timers on the same chip. The 555 is also known under the following type numbers: Manufacturer
Model
Custom Silicon Solutions[9] CSS555/CSS555C CEMI ECG Philips
ULY7855 ECG955M
Exar
XR-555
Remark
CMOS from 1.2 V, IDD < 5 µA
Fairchild Semiconductor NE555/KA555 GoldStar
GSC555
Harris
HA555
Hitachi
HA17555
IK Semicon
ILC555
Intersil
SE555/NE555
Intersil
ICM7555
CMOS
Lithic Systems Maxim
LC555 ICM7555
CMOS from 2 V
Motorola National Semiconductor
MC1455/MC1555 LM1455/LM555/LM555C
National Semiconductor
LMC555
NTE Sylvania
NTE955M
Raytheon
RM555/RC555
RCA
CA555/CA555C
STMicroelectronics
NE555N/ K3T647
Texas Instruments
SN52555/SN72555
Texas Instruments
TLC555
USSR
К1006ВИ1
X-REL Semiconductor
XTR655
Zetex NXP Semiconductors
ZSCT1555 (discontinued) down to 0.9 V ICM7555 CMOS
HFO / East Germany
B555
556 dual timer[edit]
CMOS
CMOS from 2 V
CMOS from 1.5 V
CMOS from 2 V Operation from -60°C to 250+°C
Die of a 556 dual timer manufactured by STMicroelectronics. The dual version is called 556. It features two complete 555s in a 14 pin DIL package.
558 quad timer[edit]
Die of a 558 quad timer. The quad version is called 558 and has 16 pins. To fit four 555s into a 16 pin package the power, control voltage, and reset lines are shared by all four modules. Each module's discharge and threshold circuits are wired together internally.
Example applications Joystick interface circuit using the 558 quad timer The Apple II microcomputer used a quad timer 558 in monostable (or "one- shot") mode to interface up to four "game paddles" or two joysticks to the host computer. It also used a single 555 for flashing the display cursor. A similar circuit was used in the IBM PC.[10] In the joystick interface circuit of the IBM PC, the capacitor (C) of the RC network (see Monostable Mode above) was generally a 10 nF capacitor. The resistor (R) of the RC network consisted of the potentiometer inside the joystick along with an external resistor of 2.2 kilohms.[11] The joystick potentiometer acted as a variable resistor. By moving the joystick, the resistance of the joystick increased from a small value up to about 100 kilohms. The joystick operated at 5 V. [12] Software running in the host computer started the process of determining the joystick position by writing to a special address (ISA bus I/O address 201h).[12][13] This would result in a trigger signal to the quad timer, which would cause the capacitor (C) of the RC network to begin charging and cause the quad timer to output a pulse. The width of the pulse was determined by how long it took the C to charge up to 2/3 of 5 V (or about 3.33 V), which was in turn determined by the joystick position.[12][14] The software then measured the pulse width to
determine the joystick position. A wide pulse represented the full-right joystick position, for example, while a narrow pulse represented the full-le ft joystick position.[12]
See also Further reading
555 Timer Applications Sourcebook Experiments; H. Berlin; BPB Publications; 218 pages; 2008; ISBN 978-8176567909. Timer, Op Amp, and Optoelectronic Circuits and Projects; Forrest Mims III; Master Publishing; 128 pages; 2004; ISBN 978-0-945053-29-3. Engineer's Mini-Notebook – 555 Timer IC Circuits; Forrest Mims III; Radio Shack; 33 pages; 1989; ASIN B000MN54A6. IC Timer Cookbook ; 2nd Ed; Walter G Jung; Sams Publishing; 384 pages; 1983; ISBN 978-0-67221932-0. 555 Timer Applications Sourcebook with Experiments; Howard M Berlin; Sams Publishing; 158 pages; 1979; ISBN 978-0-672-21538-4. IC 555 Projects; E.A. Parr; Bernard Babani Publishing; 144 pages; 1978; ISBN 978-0-85934-047-2. Analog Applications Manual ; Signetics; 418 pages; 1979. Chapter 6 Timers is 22 pages.
External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to 555 timer I C .
555 Timer Circuits – the Astable, Monostable and Bistable Simple 555 timer circuits Java simulation of 555 oscillator circuit NE555 Frequency and duty cycle calculator for astable multivibrators Using NE555 as a Temperature DSP 555 Timer Tutorial Common Mistakes When Using a 555 Timer 555 and 556 Timer Circuits 555 using areas and examples circuits Working with 555 Timer Circuits Engineers Garage Analysis and synthesis of a 555 astable multivibrator circuit - online calculato r Online simulations of a 555 astable multivibrator circuit - online simulator
IC Datasheets
NE555, Single Bipolar Timer, Texas Instruments NE556, Dual Bipolar Timer, Texas Instruments NE558, Quad Bipolar Timer, NXP LMC555, Single CMOS Timer, Texas Instruments (operates down to 1.5 Volt at 50 uAmp) ICM755x, Single / Dual CMOS Timer, Intersil (operates down to 2.0 Volt at 60 uAmp) ZSCT1555, Single CMOS Timer, Diodes Inc (operates down to 0.9 Volt at 74 uAmp) TS300x, Single CMOS Timers, Touchstone (operates down to 0.9 Volt at 1.0 uAmp) XTR65x, HiRel HiTemp Timer, X-REL (operates from -60°C to 230°C)
The Differential Threshold as Potentiometers
The basic set up for a three- dial Radionic device using a crystal as a resonator circuit and a stick pad
A potentiometer /pɵˌtɛnʃiˈɒmɨtər/, informally a pot, is a three-terminal resistor with a sliding or rotating contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider .[1] If only two terminals are used, one end and the wiper, it acts as a vari able resi stor or rheostat .
The measuring instrument called a potentiometer is essentially a voltage divider used for measuring electric potential (voltage); the component is an implementation of the same principle, hence its name. Potentiometers are commonly used to control electrical devices such as volume controls on audio equipment. Potentiometers operated by a mechanism can be used as position transducers, for example, in a joystick . Potentiometers are rarely used to directly control significant power (more than a watt), since the power dissipated in the potentiometer would be comparable to the power in the controlled load.
Albert Abrams
Scientific Method Versus Pseudoscience
According to radionics practitioners, a healthy person will have certain energy frequencies moving through their body that define health, while an unhealthy person will exhibit other, different energy frequencies that define disorders. Radionic devices purport to diagnose and heal by applying appropriate frequencies to balance the discordant frequencies of sickness. Radionics uses "frequency" not in its standard meaning but to describe an imputed energy type, which does not correspond to any property of energy in the scientific sense.[4] In one form of radionics popularised by Abrams, some blood on a bit of filter paper is attached to a device Abrams called a dynamizer, which is attached by wires to a string of other devices and then to the forehead of a healthy volunteer, facing west in a dim light. By tapping on his abdomen and searching for areas of "dullness", disease in the donor of the blood is diagnosed by proxy. Handwriting analysis is also used to diagnose disease under this scheme.[3] Having done this, the practitioner may use a special device known as an oscilloclast or any of a range of other devices to broadcast vibrations at the patient in order to attempt to heal them.[3] Albert Abrams claimed to detect such frequencies and/or cure people by matching their frequencies, and claimed them sensitive enough that he could tell someone's religion by looking at a drop of blood. [3] He developed thirteen devices and became a millionaire leasing his devices,[3][5] and the American Medical Association and spearheaded as a smaear campaign by Rokefellaer and the Flexner Report described him as the "dean of gadget quacks,"[5] and his devices were definitively proven useless by an independent investigation commissioned by Scientific American in 1924.[6]
Tesla and the Violet Ray Nicola Tesla had a myriad of patents for inventions that he designed. One patent called the Violet Ray had theraputic utility and the the heart ofte machine was a Tesla Coil.
A colleague Ruth Drown and the Vibra Ray Ruth Drown
De la Warr and the Mark IV
George de la Warr (1904 – 1969) was born in the North of England, and in later life became a civil engineer in the pay of Oxfordshire County Council. In 1953 he resigned from this post[1] to work on the controversial field of radionics, in which he was a pioneer.
De la Warr claimed to have invented a camera that could detect and cure diseases by remote control.[2] In June 1960, he was sued in the High Court by Catherine Phillips, a disgruntled former customer who said that her health had been ruined by using the Delawarr Diagnostic Instrument.[3] In particular, she said that the box could not possibly have the benefits that de la Warr claimed for it.[4] de la Warr said that his device operated above the physical plane, and the box was only used as a focus for thought.[5] After ten days of argument, the judge eventually found for de la Warr, though didn't state whether the box did or did not work .[6] He founded the De La Warr Laboratories in Oxford where he did his research and built many radionic devices. The De La Warr Laboratories closed in 1987. Most of the radionic artifacts have unknown w hereabouts. However, the radionic camera was given to Marcel J. Vogel, Psychic Research Inc. in San Jose, California. Marcel Vogel and His Contribution To Radionics
Vogel and Dan Willis did extensive tests and trials with the camera. Unfortunately, Vogel died in 1992. The whereabouts of the camera since then is unknown.
Patents
French patent number 1,084,318 - "Perfectionnements à la recherche d'une radiation fondamentale" UK patent number 741,651 - "Therapeutic apparatus" UK patent number 761,976 - "Therapeutic apparatus"
References 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Jump up ^ The Times, 25 June 1960, p12 Jump up ^ The Times, 9 June 1960, p8 Jump up ^ The Times, 21 June 1960, p5 Jump up ^ The Times, 23 June 1960, p16 Jump up ^ The Times, 24 June 1960, p6 Jump up ^ The Times, 19 July 1960, p18
Further reading[edit]
George de la Warr, Langston Day, New worlds beyond the atom George de la Warr, Langston Day, Matter in the making Obituary, The Times, 2 April 1969, p12
The Hieronymus Machine and Eloptic Energy A Hieronymus Machine is any of the patented Radionics devices invented by electrical engineer Dr. Thomas Galen Hieronymus (21 November 1895 – 1988). Hieronymus received a U.S. Patent for his invention in 1949, which was described in the patent application title as a device for "detectio n of emanations from materials and measurement of the volumes thereof."[1]
Theory The theory of operation on which Hieronymus Machines are based is that all matter emits a kind of "radiation" that is not electromagnetic, but exhibits some of the characteristics of both light and electricity. The quality of this emanation is unique to every kind of matter, and therefore can be utilized for detection and analysis. Hieronymus coined the term "eloptic energy" to describe this radiation (from the words "elect rica l" and "optical".) All of his machines were designed to detect and manipulate this eloptic energy.[2] Eloptic emanations have never been detected by instruments designed to measure electromagnetic energies, and no other evidence or mathematical proof for their existence have been produced, so the theory is considered pseudoscientific and is not accepted by mainstream science.
Design and function The original "Radiation Analyzer" consisted of a chamber to hold a sample of material, a glass prism to refract the eloptic emanations coming from it, and a copper wire probe on a rotating armature to adjust the angle formed by the prism and the probe. Supposedly, eloptic emanations are refracted by the prism at different angles depending on the material. The detected eloptic signals were fed to a three- stage vacuum tube RF amplifier and conducted to a flat touch plate surrounded by a copper wire bifilar coil.[1] By stroking the touch plate an operator could supposedly feel a sensation of "tingling" or "stickiness" when the eloptic energy was detected. As such, a human nervous system is considered to be necessary to operate a Hieronymus Machine.[3] Hieronymus subsequently designed solid-state versions of his Analyzers, substituting germanium transistors for crystal prisms and tunable capacitors for the rotating armature. He also designed and built various specialized devices designed for specific functions, including analysis of living organisms and production of homeopathic remedies.[4] The most well-known Hieronymus Machine is the Eloptic Medical Analyzer, which supposedly analyzes and transmits eloptic energy to diagnose and treat medical conditions in plants and animals.
John W. Campbell and Symbolic Hieronymus Machines\ The inventions of Hieronymus were championed by Astounding Science Fiction editor John W. Campbell in late 1950s and early 1960s editorials. A series of correspondences between the two men show that while Hieronymus was sure that someday his theories of eloptic energy would be proven and accepted by physical scientists, Campbell was convinced that the machines were magical in nature, and that mock-ups of Hieronymus Machines allegedly worked by analogy or symbolism, which directed the user's PSI or ESP powers.[5] As an example, Campbell believed one could create an eloptic rece iver or similar device with the prisms and amplifiers represented by their cardboard or even schematic representations. Through the use of mental powers, such a machine would function as well as its "real" equivalent.[6] While Campbell claimed that Hieronymus machines actually did perform this way, the concept was never fully accepted by Hieronymus or pursued by him in later years.[7] In his autobiography, he wrote, "I appreciated Mr. Campbell's interest in my work, but over the years since then, I have concluded that he set back the acceptance of my work at least a hundred years by his continual emphasis on what he termed the supernatural or 'magic' aspects of a mind-contro lled device he built by drawing the schematic of my patented instrument with India ink. The energy flowed over the lines of this drawing because India ink is conducting, but it isn't worth a tinker's damn for serious research or actual treating."[8]
Notes[edit 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
^ Jump up to: a b U.S. Patent 2,482,773 Jump up ^ Laurie (2009), Ch. 16, pg. 103 Jump up ^ Hieronymus (1976), Pg. A-11 Jump up ^ Hieronymus (1976), pg. A-9 Jump up ^ Laurie (2009), Ch. 16, pg. 111-112 Jump up ^ Campbell, (August 1956) Jump up ^ Laurie (2009), Ch. 17, pg. 114 Jump up ^ Hieronymus (1988), Part V, pg. 123-124
References
Campbell, John W. Jr. “Psionic Machine — Type One”, Astounding Science Fiction, June 1956, pp. 97 – 108. Campbell, John W. Jr. “Correction and Further Data on the Hieronymous Machine”, Astounding Science Fiction, August 1956, pp. 112 – 114. Goodavage, Joseph ; “An Interview with T. Galen Hieronymus ”, Analog Science Fiction, January 1977. Hieronymus, T. Galen & Sarah (September 1976). The Eloptic Directory. Advanced Sciences and Research, Inc (documentatio n for the Hieronymus Eloptic Analyzer machine). Hieronymus, T. Galen (January 1988). The Story of Eloptic Energy. Institute of Advanced Sciences, Inc. Laurie, Duncan (15 September 2009). The Secret Art: A Brief History of Radionic Technology for the Creative Individual . Anomalist Books. ISBN 978-1-933665-42-9.
Radiesthesia Radiesthesia is the claimed paranormal or parapsychological ability to detect "radiation" within the human body. According to the theory, all human bodies give off unique or characteristic "radiations" as do all other physical bodies or objects. Such radiations are often termed an "aura".
A practitioner of radiesthesia claims to detect the interplay of these radiations. Thus radiesthesia is cited as the explanation of such phenomena as dowsing by rods and pendulums in order to locate buried substances, diagnose illnesses, and the like. Some radiesthes ia practitioners like Israeli mentalist Uri Geller or German astrologer Alexander Rostamí claim that they can help oil companies to find crude petroleum reserves and other natural resources by using paranormal abilities, but this claim has not been proven.[7] The term "radiesthesia" first entered English in the 1930s and was borrowed from the earlier French radiésthesie. The English word is a compound of the prefix radi(o)-, referring to radiation and the rare term aesthesia meaning "perception by the senses", or "the capacity for feeling or sensation", which comes from the ancient Greek aisthesis "a perceiving". Dr. Solco W. Tromp (1909-1983) wrote about radiesthesia in his 1949 book Psychical Physics. This reference has a bibliography of over 700 titles relating to dowsing (radiesthes ia).[8] Gerald Gardner , in his book Witchcraft Today, 1954, refers to his own anecdotal experiences with radiesthesia as evidence supporting the existence of "Witch Power". The Pendulum is a monthly publication devoted to radiesthesia. There are other periodicals, publications, books, societies and numerous websites on the topic.
Scientific assessment[edit] The claims for radionics devices contradict the accepted principles of biology and physics. No scientifically verifiable mechanisms of function are posited. In this sense, they can be described as magical in operation. No plausible biophysical basis for the "putative energy fields" has been proposed, and neither the fields themselves nor their purported therapeutic effects have been convincingly demonstrated.[9] No radionic device has been found efficacious in the diagnosis or treatment of any disease, and the U.S.Food and Drug Administration does not recognize any legitimate medical uses of any such device.[1] According to David Helwig in The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine, "most physicians dismiss radionics as quackery."[2]
Internally, a radionic device is very simple, and may not even form a functional electrical circuit.[6] The wiring in the analysis device is simply used as a mystical conduit.[10] A radionic device does not use or need electric power, though a power cord may be provided, ostensibly to determine a "base rate" on which the device operates to attempt to heal a subject.[11] Typically, little attempt is made to define or describe what, if anything, is flowing along the wires and being measured. Energy in the physical sense, i.e., energy that can be sensed and measured, is viewed as subordinate to intent and "creative action".[10]
See also[edit]
Dianetics E-meter George de la Warr L. Ron Hubbard Royal Raymond Rife Sympathetic magic Hieronymus machine List of ineffective cancer treatments Scientology The Secret Life of Plants List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
References[edit] 1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Electromagnetic Therapy". American Cancer Society. Retrieved 2008-02-06. 2. ^ Jump up to: a b c Helwig, David (December 2004). "Radionics". In Longe, Jacqueline L. The Gale Ency clopedia of Alternative Medicine. Gale Cengage. ISBN 978-0-7876-7424-3 . Retrieved 2008-02-07. 3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Fishbein, Morris, The New Medical Follies (1927) Boni and Liverlight, New York Pages 3941 4. Jump up ^ Smith, Crosbie (1998). The Science of Energy - a Cultural History of Energy Physics in Victorian Britain. The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-76420-6. 5. ^ Jump up to: a b Article on Royal Rife at Quackwatch 6. ^ Jump up to: a b c Pilkington, Mark (2004-04-15). "A vibe for radionics". The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-02-07. "Scientific American concluded: 'At best, [ERA] is all an illusion. At worst, it is a colossal fraud.'" 7. Jump up ^ Catching Geller in the Act, C. Eugene Emery, Jr., Providence Sunday Journal, 1987 8. Jump up ^ S. W. Tromp, Psychical Physics; A Scientific Analysis of Dowsing, Radiesthesia and Kindred Divining Phenomena (New York: Elsevier Publishing Company, 1949). 9. Jump up ^ "Energy Medicine: an overview". National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Retrieved 2008-02-09. "In the aggregate, these approaches are among the most controversial of CAM practices because neither the external energy fields nor their therapeutic effects have been demonstrated convincingly by any biophysical means." 10. ^ Jump up to: a b Franks, Nick (November 2000). "Reflections on the Ether and some notes on the Convergence between Homeopathy and Radionics" (PDF). Radionic Journal 46 (2): 4 – 21. Retrieved 2008-02-09. 11. Jump up ^ Scofield, Tony. "The Radionic P rinciple: Mind over Matter" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-02-09.
External links[edit]
Radionics in the Skeptic's dictionary British Radionic Association Further Information About Radionics
the discipline of Radionics that was banned in the United States by Rockefeller and Flexner. However, having traveled to the United Kingdom, I found to much my surprise the flourshing industry of Radionics and became fascinated with the Black Box and the principle of mind over matter The early pioneers in the United Staes were Abrams, Drown, Heironymous, and Dela Warr (more on the variant: a wishing machine)
The Original Tesla Coil Patent
In order to generate transmission zeroes in stopbands for the purpose to accelerate the cavity’s resonance, a number of supplementar y couplings besides the nearest couplings are often made in the filters. The Pyramid and the Electromagnetic Circuit back-engineered is sold as a “kit” and identifies both Radionic potemntiometers add/or electromagnetic Integrated Components as cross couplings. These couplings bring to foundation several wave paths from the input port to the output port. Amplitudes of waves transmitted through differe nt paths may compensate themselves at some separate frequencies while summing at the output port. Such the compensation results in transmission zeroes. In filters with cross couplings, it is convenient to characterize all filter couplings as a whole using a coupling matrix of dimensions as symmetrical. Equal to zero is the point of creation because a susceptance vanishes at the resonant frequency.
The Thought-Form Is A Contextual Creative Matrix
The Lattice Matrix
Important merit of the matrix is the fact that it allows to directly compute the frequency response of the equivalent network having the inductively coupled resonant circuits for each categorical imperative. Therefore it is convenient to use this matrix when designing the cross-coupled filters. The coupling matrices in particular, are used as coarse models of filters. Utilization of a coarse model allows to quicken filter optimizatio n manifold because of computation of the frequency response by accelerating the law of attraction [see Chapters on Law of attraction (Theory) and Law of attraction (Application)]
References[edit] 1. Jump up ^ Dishal, M. (Sept. 1949) "Design of dissipative band-pass filters producing desired exact amplitudefrequency characteristics", Proc. IRE , Vol. 37, No. 9, P. 1050 – 1069. 2. ^ Jump up to: a b c Matthaei,G.L., Young, L., Jones, E.M.T. "Microwave filters, impedance-matching networks, and coupling structures", Artech House, Inc., Norwood. (1980) 1096 p. 3. ^ Jump up to: a b Tyurnev,V.V., Belyaev, B.A. (1990) "Interaction of parallel microstrip resonators", Elektronnaya tek hnika. Ser. Elektronika SVCh, Issue 4(428), P. 25 – 30 (in Russian). 4. ^ Jump up to: a b c Hong, J-S., "Microstrip filters for RF/microwave applications", Hoboken, John Wiley & Sons, (2011). 5. Jump up ^ Belyaev, B.A., Titov, M.M., Tyurnev, V.V. (2000) "Coupling coefficient of irregular microstrip resonators", Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics, Vol. 43, No 8, P. 649 – 653. 6. ^ Jump up to: a b c Tyurnev, V.V. (2002) "The coupling coefficients of an asymmetric pair of microwave resonators", Journal of communications technology and electronics, Vol. 47, No. 1, P. 1 – 8. 7. Jump up ^ Cohn, S.B. (1957) "Direct-coupled-resonator filter", Proc. IRE , Vol. 45, No. 2, P. 187 – 196. 8. Jump up ^ Tyurnev, V.V. (2008) "Direct derivation and refinement of generalized Cohn – Matthaei formulas for resonator coupling coefficients in a microwave filter", Journal of communications technology and electronics, Vol. 53, No. 5, P. 554 – 557. 9. Jump up ^ Tyurnev, V.V. (2009 ) "Influence of the frequency dispersion of resonators’ coupling coefficien ts on the accuracy of direct-synthesis formulas for microwave filters", Journal of communications technology and electronics, Vol. 54, No. 3, P. 298 – 301. 10. Jump up ^ Belyaev, B.A., Leksikov, A.A., Tyurnev, V.V. (2004) "Frequency-selective features of multisection filters based on regular microstrip resonators", Journal of communications technology and electronics, Vol. 49, No. 11, P. 1228 – 1236. 11. Jump up ^ Belyaev, B.A., Tyurnev, V.V. (1992) "Frequency-dependent coupling coefficients of microstrip resonators", Elektronnaya Tekhnika. Ser. SVCh-tekhnika, Issue 4(448), P. 23 – 27, (in Russian). 12. ^ Jump up to: a b Cameron, R.J., Kudsia, C.M., Mansour, R.R. "Microwave filters for communication systems: fundamentals, design, and applications", Hoboken, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., (2007) 771 p. 13. Jump up ^ Amari, S., LeDrew, C., Menzel, W. (2006) "Space-mapping optimization of planar coupled-resonator microwave filters", IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 54, No. 5, P . 2152 – 2159.
External links[edit]
j
Tyurnev, V.V. (2010) "Coupling coefficients of resonators in microwave filter theory", Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 21, P. 47 – 67.
Step 2: The Resonant Circuit An electrical circuit composed of discrete components can act as a resonator when both an inductor and capacitor are included. Oscillatio ns are limited by the inclusion of resistance, either via a specific resistor component, or due to resistance of the inductor windings. Such resonant circuits are also called RLC circuits after the circuit symbols for the components. A distributed-parameter resonator has capacitance, inductance, and resistance that cannot be isolated into separate lumped capacitors, inductors, or resistors. An example of this, much used in filtering, is the helical resonator . A single layer coil (or solenoid) that is used as a secondary or tertiary winding in a Tesla coil or magnifying transmitter is also a distributed resonator.
Cavity resonators[edit] Main article: Microwave cavity A cavity resonator is a hollow closed conductor such as a metal box or a cavity within a metal block, containing electromagnetic waves (radio waves) reflecting back and forth between the cavity's walls. When a source of radio waves at one of the cavity's resonant frequencies is applied, the oppositely-moving waves form standing waves, and the cavity stores electromagnetic energy. Since the cavity's lowest resonant frequency, the fundamental frequency, is that at which the width of the cavity is equal to a half-wavelength (λ/2), cavity resonators are only used at microwave frequencies and above, where wavelengths are short enough that the cavity is conveniently small in size. Due to the low resistance of their conductive walls, cavity resonators have very high Q factors; that is their bandwidth, the range of frequencies around the resonant frequency at which they will res onate, is very narrow. Thus they can act as narrow bandpass filters. Cavity resonators are widely used as the frequency determining element in microwave oscillators. Their resonant frequency can be tuned by moving one of the walls of the cavity in or out, changing its size.
Step 1 Method: Constructing the Pyramid Template From the Triangle geometrical shape
Creates the base and sides of the pyramid using construction paper. It's easiest to make an equilateral pyramid (see Triangle inside the Octahedron), meaning the sides of the structure are all the same size (60 degree angles).
o
o
o
o
Fabricate the base. Pyramids have 4 sides, so you will need a square base. Pick a size, say 6 inches (15.2 cm) by 6 inches (15.2 cm). Measure the dimensions with a ruler and draw an outline for the base on your construction paper.
Measure an additional 1/2 inch out from all sides of the base and draw the outlines. These extensions on each side of the base will provide flaps that you will use to secure the base of the pyramid to its sides. Fold the flaps so they extend upward from the base. Measure and cut the 4 triangular sides of the paper pyramid. Make the base and sides of each triangle the same width as the base of the structure. In this model, they should be 6 inches. Also measure and draw in flaps on the right side of each triangle, just as you did for each side of the base.
Cut the patterns for the base and sides, including the flaps. Use a straight edge to make a precise fold along each flap. Glue the pyramid together. o
Apply glue to the outside edge of one of the flaps on the base and press a triangle onto it. Repeat with the other 3 sides.
