Name: ID Number:
Shao - Chih Ma 1438410
Section: Lab Partner:
Chem 1' ;%eriment <1: =ea( 2ci. !itration By sgnng sgnng !elo", !elo", you er$fy er$fy $%a$ you you %a&e no$ falsf falsfe' e' 'a$a, $%a$ $%a$ you %a&e no$ (lagar (lagar)e' )e' any (ar$ (ar$ of $%s l an' $%a$ all alula$ons an' res(onses o$%er $%an $%an $%e re(or$ng re(or$ng of ra" 'a$a are your o"n n'e(en'en$ "or "or sgn $%s 'elara$on "ll resul$ n 5 (on$s !eng 'e'u$e' from your re(or$ sore. gna$ure-
!ota" Point # $0 %t &' %t noteboo() '' %t tem%"ate* Notebo Noteboo( o( Pa+e Pa+e: : ,our notebo noteboo( o( %a+e %a+e i"" i"" be +ra.e +ra.e. . /or /or +ener +enera" a" or+a or+ani niati ation on an an eai" /in. an. rea. the .ata hehe i "oo(in+ /or*
P56P7S 2ND M!97D C"ea C"ear" r" tat tate e the the %ur%o ur%oe e o/ thi thi "ab "ab>> ;%" ;%"ai ain n ho ho thi thi i i acc accom om% %"ih "ihe. e. in thi thi e;% e;% nee. to %er/orm =hat meaurement i"" be ma.e ?Do not %
[email protected] e;%erimenta ca"cu"ate.meaure. @a"ue to accom%"ihin+ tate. %ur%oe %ur%oe &4 %t* There are are three purposes purposes to this this lab, the frst frst is to standardize standardize a NaOH NaOH solution. The conc concen entr trat atio ion n o o an an unk unkno nown wn acet acetic ic acid acid with with the the NaO NaOH H sol solut utio ion n we we sta stand ndar ardi dize zed. d. T provide us with opportunities to gain some eperience with the analytical techni!ue order to accomplish these purposes purposes we will set up a titration titration lab and run through through a e the standardized solution solution or NaOH and the concentration o the mystery acetic acid. "n the eperiment we will use an instrument called a buret that has markings on the we will measure measure the the initial and fnal reading on the buret buret or each titration titration trial. &e w put in or (art " or each each titration trial as well. (art (art "" we also need to measure measure the initi initi record that or every trial we have a consistent )* m$ o the mystery acetic acid. +!uations H- #a!% Na #a!% OH/ #a!% 0 Na #a!% -/ #Note Na is a spectator ion% 1#NaOH% 2 $#NaOH% 3 1#acetic acid% 2 $#acetic acid%
#a!%
H)O
#l%
The e!uation above is basically basically saying the concentration #1% and 4olume 4olume #4% have a help us with part "" when we have to use or standardize solution5s solution5s concentration and mystery concentration o acetic acid with its )* m$ state. The reaction reaction e!uation at the very top is meant or part " to prove that the mole ratio o how many hydrogens are passed and transerred.
I: Stan.ar.iation o/ Na79 uin+ K9P Run #1 Mass of KHP Molar Mass, KHP
0.304 g 71.08 g/ g/mole
Run #2 Mass of KHP Molar Mass, KHP
0.305 g 71.08 g/ g/mole
Moles KHP n$al !ure$ rea'ng +nal !ure$ rea'ng m $ra$e' $ra$e' aH6
0.004277 mol 1.50 m 1.0 m 15.10 m 0.0151 0.2833 M
Moles KHP n$al !ure$ rea'ng +nal !ure$ rea'ng m $ra$e' $ra$e' aH6 &erage aH6 $an'ar' e&a$on
0.00420 mol 1.40 m 1.70 m 15.30 m 0.0153 0.2804 M 0.2802 M 0.0033
am(le alula$on of aH6 from $%e s$an'ar')a$on $$ra$on. 9se $%e 'a$a from Run #1.
: 6 pts;
(%3 (% 3 #*.7* 4 ( %%8#96.* 8 ( %%3:.)99 2 〖 6* 〗 ;#<
(%3 ( (%%8( ( % %3#:.)99 2 〖 6* 〗 ;#<7% (
II: 2ci.-Bae !itration: C9 3C779-Na79 Run #1 n$al !ure$ rea'ng +nal !ure$ rea'ng m aH $ra$e' aH $ra$e' Moles aH m of ae$ a' of ae$ a' ae$ a'6
1.2 m 34.2 m 33.0 m 0.033 0.0025 moles 20 m 0.02 0.425 M
Run #2 n$al !ure$ rea'ng +nal !ure$ rea'ng m aH $ra$e' aH $ra$e' Moles aH m of ae$ a' of ae$ a' ae$ a'6 &erage ae$ a'6 $an'ar' e&a$on
0. m 33. m 33.00 m 0.033 0.0025 moles 20 m 0.02 0.425 M 0.415 M 0.0017
am(le alula$on of ae$ a'6 from $%e $$ra$on "$% aH. 9se $%e 'a$a from Run #1. : 6 pts; (%3 ( % 2( ( %− ( %%3*.)>*2 2#7:.2 <6. ( %3 ( ( %%8( ( % %3 #*.)>*) ( %%8
Dalula$e $%e e<(e$e' ( H of $%e solu$on a$ $%e e@u&alene (on$ usng E9R F?RG? F9? for $%e $%e &olumes of ea% $%a$ you use'. :us$ l*e n Prela! I3, you "ll only %a&e $%e onuga$e !ase an' s(e &olume $%a$ s $%e sum of $%e &olumes of a' an' !ase you om!ne'.; %e Ka for ae$ a' s 1.8 < 10 J :ee a$$a%e' (age for alula$ons.;
uetion 1. f you use 30 m of H 2 $o 'ssol&e $%e KHP ns$ea' of 20 m, "%a$ s $%e e<(e$e' effe$ on $ $%e alula$e' onen$ra$on of aH !e %g%er or lo"er $%an $ s%oul' !e= ?<(lan your reasonn %ere "ll !e no effe$ on $%e onen$ra$on of aH !easue $%e fa$ors $%a$ ma$$er n or'er $o $%e molar mass of KHP 2.; $%e mass "eg%e' ou$ for KHP an' 3.; $%e amoun$ of $%e aH solu$ (%3 (% 3 #(!" % ( %%8#96.*8 ( %% (%3 ( (%%8 ( ( % %
o$e $%a$ $%ere s no &olume for KHP, n'a$ng $%a$ H 2 "ll no$ affe$ $%e onen$ra$on of a A
, $%e rea$on "ll s$ll $a*e us$ as e@ual of an amoun$ of moles n aH n or'er $o om(le$ely rea
2. f you o&ers%oo$ $%e en'(on$ of $%e KHP/aH $$ra$on, "%a$ s e<(e$e' effe$ on $%e alula $%e alula$e' onen$ra$on of aH !e %g%er or lo"er $%an $ s%oul' !e= ?<(lan your reasonn %e e<(e$e' affe$ "ll !e $%a$ $%e onen$ra$on of aH "ll !e lo"er $%an $ s%oul' !e. !ser& (%3 ( (%%8 ( ( % %
no$e $%a$ $%e rela$ons%( !e$"een $%e onen$ra$on of $%e solu$on an' $%e &olume s $%a$ $%e $%e &olume. %e more aH solu$on $ $a*es n or'er $o %$ $%e en'(on$ :meanng $%e grea$er $%e mus$ !e !easue our moles are sol'fe' a$ a er$an num!er 'e(en'ng on %o" mu% KHP "e ( !easue $%e less &olume a mole an $a*e u( $%e more onen$ra$e' $ !eomes, !u$ $%e more &ol %a&e more Cs(aeC n a sense; $%e less onen$ra$e' $%e moles !eome an' more 's(erse' $%ey
3. f you o&ers%oo$ $%e en'(on$ of $%e ae$ a'/aH $$ra$on, "%a$ s $%e e<(e$e' effe$ on $ >ll $%e alula$e' onen$ra$on of ae$ a' !e %g%er or lo"er $%an $ s%oul' !e= ?<(lan your %e onen$ra$on of ae$ a' "ll !e %g%er $%an $ s%oul' !e. f you o!ser&e $%e e@ua$ons !el (%3 ( % 2( ( %− ( %% ( %3 ( (%%8( ( % % %e rela$ons%( !e$"een $%e onen$ra$on of ae$ a' an' &olume of aH s $%e moles of mole of aH s, "%% , n re$urn ma*es $%e onen$ra$on of ae$ a' larger as "ell. %e &olu %anng $%e moles "ll only mean more CmoleulesC $o Cs@uee)eC n$o a er$an &olume. >%% me $%e more moles are rea$e'.
4. n $%e $$ra$on of ae$ a', 20 m of $%e a' are $$ra$e' "$% aH. f 25 m of ae$ a' 'e$ermna$on of $%e ae$ a' onen$ra$on an', f so, %o"= ?<(lan your reasonng. :5 ($s; lg%$ly, $%e &olume "oul' !e larger for $%e onen$ra$on of ae$ a' "%% means $%e onen$ !eng larger, l*e "e 'so&ere' n @ues$on 1 $%e larger $%e &olume $%e smaller $%e onen$ra$on. !eause $ s !eng %ange' !y 5m %o"e&er $ s sgnfan$ enoug% $o s$a$e $%a$ $ "ll nfluene $ ae$ a'. (%3 ( % 2( ( %− ( %% ( %3 ( (%%8( ( % % 9sng $%e e@ua$ons from $%e (re&ous @ues$on "e see $%a$ $%e &olume nfluene' onen$ra$on !eng n $%e 'enomna$or meanng $%a$ $%e more you nrease $%e &olume :$%e more s(ae you g onen$ra$e' $%e solu$on !eomes. >%% $%erefore s%o"s $%a$ nrease n &olume n'ee' affe$ ae$ a'.
BJ ritine Lee ! re(or$, . +alure $o
Note: 2"" ection o/ thi re%ort mut be t%e.
com%"etene &Can our !2
riment> =hat ca"cu"ation .o ou " .etai" hereA> 9o .o ou +o /rom
econd is to determine the irdly the purpose o this lab is to hich we will use or uture labs. "n w titrations that will help us determine side to measure volume #this is in m$% ill also measure the mass o 'H( we ial and fnal reading o the buret and
correlation with each other which will the volume in order to fnd the between 'H( and NaOH is 66 because
Run #3 Mass of KHP Molar Mass, KHP
0.301 g 71.08 g/mole
Moles KHP n$al !ure$ rea'ng +nal !ure$ rea'ng m $ra$e' $ra$e' aH6
0.004235 mol 1.40 m 1.70 m 15.30 m 0.0153 0.278 M
% ( %
%%8#*.*6=6 (% %3*.)>73
Run #3 n$al !ure$ rea'ng +nal !ure$ rea'ng m aH $ra$e' aH $ra$e' Moles aH m of ae$ a' of ae$ a' ae$ a'6
1.0 m 33.8 m 32.8 m 0.0328 0.001 moles 20 m 0.02 0.455 M
%3?.)=2 〖 6* 〗 ;#<7%
*.*2 ( %%3*.:@)
onen$ra$ons of aH an' ae$ a' an' $a$or ons (resen$ a$ $%e e@u&alene (on$ n a . :6 pts;
%e alula$e' aH onen$ra$on= >ll g. : 5 ($s; alula$e $%e onen$ra$on for aH are 1.; n "e use'. 9sng $%se e@ua$ons-
H. >e are on$rollng $%e moles of KHP "e
$ an' rea% e@ul!rum.
e' onen$ra$on of $%e Na79:a@;= >ll g. :5 pts; e $%e e@ua$on !elo"nen$ra$on s 'e(en'en$ on $%e s)e of &olume; $%e smaller $%e onen$ra$on lae n$o $%e solu$on. %s ma*es sense ume you (ro&'e $ :allo"ng $%e moles $o are n $%e solu$on.
e alula$e' onen$ra$on of acetic aci.= reasonng. :5 ($s; "-
H, $%e larger $%e &olume, $%e larger $%e e of ae$ a' s onsan$ $%erefore ans $%e moles are e<$remely onen$ra$e'
as use' ns$ea', "ll $%s affe$ $%e
a$on "ll !e smaller 'ue $o $%e &olume Ho"e&er $%s "oul' only affe$ $ slg%$ly %e 'e$ermna$on of $%e onen$ra$on of
n a nega$&e orrela$on 'ue $o $%e &olume e $%e moles $o CroamC; $%e less $%e 'e$ermna$on of $%e onen$ra$on of
