CHAPTER I
The Problem and Its Background
Introduction
Senior High School (SHS) covers the last two years of the K to 12 program and includes 11 and 12. In SHS, Students will go through a core curriculum and subjects under a track of their choice.
Senior High School is two years of specialized upper secondary education; students may choose a specialization based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity. The choice of career track will define the content of the subjects a student will take in Grades 11 and 12. Each student in Senior High School can choose among three tracks: Academic; Technical-Vocational-Livelihood; and Sports and Arts. The Academic track includes three strands: Business, Accountancy, Management (BAM); Humanities, Education, Social Sciences (HESS); and Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM).
5,965 public schools, operate and are funded by DepEd, offering grade 11 in 2016 and grade 12 in 2017. These public schools utilize new classrooms and facilities constructed under the 2014, 2015 and 2016 budgets of DepEd or other fund sources, or use available facilities for Senior High School.
In addition, 4,711 private high schools, private and public universities and colleges, technical – vocational schools, and Philippine schools overseas are offering grade 11 in 2016 and Grade 12 in 2017.
There are different factors that affect their chosen STRAND in Senior High. Respect for family is one of the most influential factors that affects the Senior students for their career decision. Family factor tend to be superior about choosing a course for their children to continue the legacy of their family courses or profession.
Economic factors include by means of choosing their strand. Their status in life can affect the chosen course they want, some of the respondents will depend on the economic status to get their profession. It may affect also themselves because not everyone tend to choose what STRAND they afford because there are lots of option or choice of what they really want. But because of life status, it plots on the STRAND where they are belong.
Self – interest is getting what they really want, they will decide on their own profession where the passion brought them, this will affect their chosen STRAND because some students are depending to what their parents want them to take. Students grew up with parents, some are superior with their guardians but mostly the parents dictates what profession they will take.
Peer Group is also considered one of the factors. Students are most likely dependable of what society they have or the group they belong. It can affect their perception to choose what they really want. It can encourage one person to another, for becoming dependable for the group. Some students vanish their own perception just to obey the rules and choose their group. Sometimes, they seek the right path but most regret occurs.
Statement of the Problem
This research study will be conducted to establish information on the Decision-Making Analysis of factors affecting Senior High School students of NEUST – Lab High in choosing their strand .
Research questions will be raised by the researchers and specifically, will seek the answers to the following questions.
1. How may the profile of the respondents be described
1.1 age;
1.2 gender;
1.3 status; and
1.4 strand
2. How may the factors affecting Senior High School students of NEUST LAB High in choosing their strand be described in terms of:
2.1 family factor;
2.2 economic factor;
2.3 self interest; and
2.4 peer group
Republic of the Philippines
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
College of Management in Business Technology
Survey Questionnaire on Factors Affecting Senior High School Students of NEUST Lab - High in choosing their strand.
Name: (optional)
Direction: Please fill in the following by putting a check on the space provided that corresponds to your answer.
I. Profile of the Respondents
1. Age 2. Gender
___14 ____Male
___15 ____Female
___16
___17
___others (please specify) _______________________
3. STRAND
___STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics)
___GAS (General Academic Strand)
___ABM (Accountancy, Business and Management)
___HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences)
___others (please specify) ________________________
II. Factors Affecting Senior High School Students of NEUST - LAB High in choosing their Strand.
Direction:
The following statements refer to the Factors Affecting Senior High School Students of NEUST – LAB High in choosing their Strand in College. Kindly answer each item as accurately as you can. Please check the box with the corresponding numerical rating. Refer to the table of equivalence below.
Numerical Equivalent
Descriptive Equivalent
4
3
2
1
Strongly Agree
Agree
Disagree
Strongly disagree
FAMILY FACTOR
1
2
3
4
1
This Strand is chosen by my parents
2
My cousin takes the same Strand
3
It is the Strand that my parents can afford
4
It is in line with our family business
5
My parents find this course profitable and practical
ECONOMIC FACTOR
1
It is in demand Strand
2
There is availability of the job in the near future
3
There is economic stability due to High salary when employed
4
This Strand offers professional growth
5
This Strand offers Scholarship
SELF INTEREST
1
It is my own choice
2
I am good in verbal communication
3
I have good managerial skills
4
I am inclined with the business
5
This is my dream job in the future
6
I want to broaden my knowledge and skills
7
I want to work in a company
8
1 am good in numbers
9
I preferred this strand as my "childhood dream" work
10
This strand is connected to my favorite subject
PEER GROUP
1
My Friends and I choose this Strand
2
My best friend convinced me to choose his/her chosen
3
All my friends choose the Strand and I join them
4
My friend's choice of school affects my decision in choosing a strand
5
My friend's preference of course affects my decision in choosing a strand
Theoretical Framework
Several researchers have carefully conducted studies in identifying factors influencing students' career choices among secondary school students all over the world. Career choice has become a complex task among students in the face of ever changing technology in the information sector. The term career is broadly defined as all life time roles people play including students, parents, employees, retirees and employers.
The complexity of career decision making among individuals was earlier recognized by career theorists such as super (1957), Ginsburg, et al (1951), Tiedeman and O'hara (1953), and Gelatt decision making model (1962). All the above theorists recognized that individual decision-making styles play significant part in the whole process of career development, and that gender, personal interests, and learning experiences were all seen as factors affecting students' career choices.
They recognized that career choice among students was influenced by personality, interests, self-concept, cultural identity, globalization, family and social support. While, Stanley (1996) observed that prestige of a profession was a strong motivating factor influencing students in making career choices. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (OMAN Chapter) Vol. 4, No.4; November. 2014 21 Similarly, Achebe (1984) investigated the career choice of boys and girls, both in urban and rural schools, observed girls having greater preference for middle level jobs than boys.
Ezeonu (2013) conducted a review on career choice among primary and secondary school students on basic issues that affect career choice identified knowledge of the job, self-knowledge, parental and peer group constraints, and parental financial status influenced career choice pattern of students. Also, Ogunlade and Akeredolu (2012) examined the influence of counselling on career preference among secondary school student in Ekiti State concluded that there were significant differences in external influence as factors. The study further revealed that significant difference existed among male and female students, showing gender as a factor. In addition, Madu (2011) conducted a study based on the impact of gender on academic performance on 160 Arts-Related subjects in Nasarawa State University concluded that female students preformed significantly better than males in Arts-Related subjects.
Similarly, Buabeng, et al (2012) studied female senior high school students' interest in physics as course of study at the University level in Ghana, concluded that female students do not prefer physics as a course of study at the University level due to limited employment opportunities for females in physics as a career. Also parental influences have been recognized as a determining factor in students' career decision-making. These influences could be either positive or negative on their decisions (Rainey and Borders 1997; Sebald 1989).
Sometimes parental influence tends to ignore the child's personal interest. Individual interest in making career choice is central in trait and factor theory of career decision making. In every endeavor of human life, interest of the doer is very crucial for success. In other words, career interest is defined as preference for specific life events that often play a major role in career decision making and choice.
Basically, three types of career interests are distinguished: Expressed interests are those interests that are verbally reported by the student. "I would like to work as medical doctor". Manifest interests refer to the events in which individuals engage. For example, an individual who enjoys writing may manifest his or her interest by doing Journalistic writing. While tested interests are shown in an individual's knowledge of a specific area as measured by standardized objective tests.
The researchers believed that Decision-Making Analysis can help identify and understand key issues about the factors affecting Senior High Students in choosing their STRAND. Another advantage of a decision- making analysis is that it concentrates on the most important factors affecting the senior students.
The researchers chose this theory as guide in pursuing this research study for the reasons that decision making affects the senior students in choosing their strand.
At the end of some job lines, behind many college students are the high school students who may have lacked either money, or the grades, or the inclination, for higher education. This line suggests an example of yet another set of opportunities that present themselves as the result of many factors in combination.
INPUT
1. How may the profile of the respondents be described in terms of:
1.1 age;
1.2 gender;
1.3 status; and
1.4 STRAND
2. How may the Factors Affecting Senior High School Students of NEUST-LAB high in choosing their courses be described in terms of:
2.1 family factor;
2.2 economic factor;
2.3 self- interest; and
2.4 peer group
PROCESS
Survey Questionnaire
Observation
Interview
OUTPUTImplications of the study of Factors Affecting Senior Students in choosing their Strand.asdOUTPUTImplications of the study of Factors Affecting Senior Students in choosing their Strand.asd
OUTPUT
Implications of the study of Factors Affecting Senior Students in choosing their Strand.
asd
OUTPUT
Implications of the study of Factors Affecting Senior Students in choosing their Strand.
asd
Figure 1. Research Paradigm
Scope and Delimitation
The research study focused on the Factors Affecting Senior High School Students of NEUST-LAB high in choosing their Strand. The respondents will be 20% of the population of NEUST-LAB high Senior Students.
The study was conducted in 1st Semester of Academic Year 2016-2017 in Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology under the Department of College Business Technology.
Significance of the Study
The Researchers believed that this research study will not only answer the research questions raised in the later part but will also be beneficial to the following:
For this study helps us for the future trends or in demand strand for the next generation.
To aspiring young students, this will help them in preparing their selves to be educated for their chosen course and to pursue their dreams.
To the future researchers, it may serve as basis for the foundation of facts for related and aims to give them accurate and positive information derived from actual information and data.
Definition of Terms
The following terms are defined according to their operational use in the study.
HUMSS- ( Humanities and Social Sciences)Strand this is one of the strand offering for the senior students.
STEM- ( Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) sample subjects are: Pre- Calculus, Basic Calculus, General Biology 1, Gen. Bio 2, Gen. Physics 1 and 2 and etc.
GAS- ( General Academic Strand) sample subjects are: HUM 1 and 2, Social Science 1, Applied Economics, Organization Management and etc.
ABM- ( Accountancy, Business and Management) sample subjects are: Applied Economics, Business Ethics and Social Responsibility, Business Math, Business Finance and etc.
