BỘ BÀI MẪU BIỂU ĐỒ SO SÁNH (COMPARATIVE GRAPHS) CỦA DC Ielts và IELTS Liz (9 bài) Dạng bài "Biểu đồ so sánh" từ lâu đã trở thành nỗi ám ảnh của các em, vì một số lý do: - Ở phần toàn cảnh: trong bài rất khó để nhận ra các quy luật và gom thành các so sánh chính. - Ở phần thân bài: quá nhiều dữ liệu, không biết mô tả gì trước gì sau Ở lớp học các em đã được trải nghiệm trung bình là 8 bài dạng biểu đồ so sánh trong chương trình học IELTS Speaking-Writing. Tuy nhiên thầy hiểu việc có một nguồn bài mẫu chuẩn, chất lượng cao bên cạnh chương trình học ở trên lớp là hết sức quan trọng Thầy đã chuẩn bị cho các em bộ bài mẫu sau của 2 tác giả nổi tiếng: DC Ielts (Dominic Cole) và IELTS Liz gồm 9 bài Biểu đồ so sánh (Comparative Graphs) để cac em tham khảo. Chúc các em học tốt. Tu Pham, Head teacher at www.ippielts.com
ĐỀ 1: Leisure activities in the US The following pie charts show the results of a survey into the most popular leisure activities in the United States of America in 1999 and 2009. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
These two charts illustrate how the preferred leisure activities of Americans changed between 1999 and 2009.Generally speaking, while the list of activities remained almost identical over the decade, there were a number of changes in their relative popularity. It is immediately evident that walking was by some distance the most popular pastime in both years, accounting for just under a third of the preferences expressed. Of equal note is that by 2009, yoga had disappeared from the list of preferred activities and had been replaced by weightlifting, which was chosen by one in ten Americans. Among the less popular activities, the most notable development was that the proportion of people who went swimming doubled, making it equal second in popularity with soccer at 18%. In stark contrast, around as half as many Americans went cycling in 2009 as compared to ten years earlier, with the result that it became less popular than camping, at 7% and 9% respectively. Likewise, the number of people who went jogging and did aerobics also dropped significantly, with less than 5% of respondents to the survey choosing them. DC Ielts
ĐỀ 2: Workers in the EU Version 1 The table shows the percentage of workers in agriculture, manufacturing and services in 7 European countries in 2014. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
This table shows the percentage of the population working in the agricultural, manufacturing and service sectors in 7 European countries in 2014. It is immediately clear that in each case the highest proportion of people was employed in the service sector and that, with one exception, the lowest was employed in agriculture. The figures for agriculture varied significantly. In Romania and Ukraine around 30% and 10% of the respective workforces worked in agriculture, while in all the other countries except this figure was 3.5% or lower. There was less marked variation in the manufacturing sector with the percentages ranging from a high of 37.4% in the Czech Republic down to around 15% in the UK and Greece. There was approximately the same degree of variation in the service sector. The UK, Greece, France and Germany all had around three quarters of the workforce employed in the service industry. By contrast, only 60% of Czech workers and fewer than 45% of Romanian workers were employed in services. It is notable how the UK, France, Germany and Greece all had a very low proportion of people employed in agriculture and a very high proportion in services. In contrast, the Czech Republic, Ukraine and Romania all had a much more significant percentage of workers either in manufacturing or agriculture. DC Ielts
ĐỀ 2: Workers in the EU Version 2 The table shows the percentage of workers in agriculture, manufacturing and services in 7 European countries in 2014. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
This table shows the percentage of the population working in the agricultural, manufacturing and service sectors in 7 European countries in 2014. It is immediately clear that in each case the service sector employed the highest proportion of people and that, with one exception, agriculture employed the lowest. The employment statistics for these sectors in UK, France, Greece and Germany followed a very similar pattern with the figures for agriculture varying between 1.3 and 3.5 %, manufacturing 5.2 and 24.6%, and the services 73.8 and 83.5%. The Czech Republic, Ukraine and Romania all differed somewhat. These countries all had a lower percentage of people working in the service sector with only 43.9 % in Romania and 58.8 and 60% in Ukraine and Czech Republic respectively. In Romania the agricultural sector accounted for around a quarter of the workforce and this figure very slightly exceeded the percentage of Romanians employed in manufacturing. Ukraine too had a greater proportion of workers in agriculture, but this was less than half that amount at around 12%. While in the Czech Republic nearly 40% of the workforce worked in manufacturing which was around 10% more than in any other country. DC Ielts DC Ielts
ĐỀ 3: Energy Production in the UK The graph shows the amount of energy produced in millions of tonnes in the UK by sector. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
This chart shows the change in level of production between 1995 and 2005 in different energy sectors in the UK. The key points to note are that overall production increased significantly during this period and that natural gas was by far the largest energy sector accounting for around 40% of all energy produced. While the total amount of energy produced rose steadily from around 195 million tonnes in 1995 to about 21o in 2000 and then again to 228 in 2015, the only energy sector to increase its output in each year was natural gas, rising from 80, through 88 and then approximately 103 million tonnes. In contrast all the other sectors suffered at least one fall with the output of coal and nuclear power dipping in 2000 and oil in 2005; the production of hybrid power remained fairly steady throughout. As already noted, more natural gas was produced that any other form of energy in each year. Oil accounted for the next highest level of production at around 60 million tonnes on average, followed by nuclear power and coal at approximately 35 and 25 million tonnes respectively. Much the least amount of power came from the hybrid sector which produced less than 2 million tonnes one each year. DC Ielts
ĐỀ 4: Public transport in Milan This table shows how many people (in millions) used different form public transport in Milan between 2010 and 2014. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
This table shows the rise in passenger transport in Milan from 2010 to 2014 in the bus, train, tram, taxi and metro networks. There was increased usage of all 5 forms of transport during this period and the metro was used more than any other mode of transport. In 2010 there were just 7.3 million passengers using public transport in Milan, but by 2014 this figure had approximately doubled to over 14 million. The numbers rose for each form of transport every year with the exception of buses in 2011 when the figure dropped slightly from 1 million to 0.8 million. The pattern of change was mostly steady with the two greatest changes being the rise in bus usage in 2012 and metro usage in 2011, where there was an increase of around 1 million in both cases. The greatest number of passengers used the metro and trains, the figures rising from 3 million to 5 million and 1.4 million to 3.6 million respectively. While more people used trams at the start of this period, bus transport had become more popular by 2013. Taxis accounted for the fewest number of journeys at 0.6 to one million. DC Ielts
ĐỀ 5: 2012 Summer Olympics medal table The table shows the 2012 Summer Olympics medal table. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
This table shows the ten most successful countries in the 2012 Olympics, from it we can see the number of gold, silver and bronze medals each country won. The ranking of the nations is organised according to the number of gold medals and not the total number of medals won. In terms of gold medals, the two most successful nations were the USA and China which won 46 and 38 golds respectively. After Great Britain and Russia in third and fourth place with 29 and 24 golds, there was a significant gap to the other nations (South Korea, Germany, France, Italy, Hungary and Australia), all of which won between 13 and 7 gold medals only. When we look at the total medals won, the United States was still the most successful nation with over 100 medals and Hungary the least with only 17. Russia with 82 medals overall, however, was only slightly behind China in second place, while Great Britain dropped to fourth place with 65 medals. Of the other nations, it is notable how almost half of South Korea’s and Hungary’s total medals were golds, whereas only between one quarter and one fifth of Germany’s and Australia’s medals were gold. France and Italy, in contrast, won an almost equal proportion of golds, silvers and bronzes. DC Ielts
ĐỀ 6: Families in Canada The charts below show the distribution of families with children by employment status in Canada in 1976 and 2014 Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, making comparisons where relevant.
These charts show how there was a significant change in the working status of parents in Canada between 1976 and 2014. It is clear that there was a major shift from fathers being the sole breadwinner to more dual income families and single mothers. In 1976 a huge majority of families were financially supported either by the father or by both parents: 51% and 33% respectively. None of the other categories of couples with no income, single fathers, single mothers and couples where the mother was the only earner accounted for more than 8%. This situation was quite different in 2014. By that time, dual income families had become easily the largest category at 55%. It is also striking how the father being the sole earner had fallen dramatically to only 17%. Equally notable is how the proportion of lone mothers had doubled to 16%. The figures for couples with no income, single fathers and the mother as the major breadwinner all rose but still only accounted for only 8% of the total. DC Ielts
ĐỀ 7: 2012 Summer Olympics medal table The pie charts below show the comparison of different kinds of energy production of France in two years. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, making comparisons where relevant.
The two pie charts illustrate five types of energy production in France in 1995 and 2005. Overall, in both years, the most significant sources of energy were gas and coal, which together accounted for over half the production of energy, while nuclear and other kinds of energy sources generated the least amount of energy in France. In all types of energy production there was only minimal change over the 10 year period. Energy produced by coal comprised of 29.80% in the first year and this showed only a very slight increase of about a mere 1 % to 30.9% in 2005. Likewise, in 1995, gas generated 29.63% which rose marginally to 30.1% 10 years later. With regards to the remaining methods of producing energy, there was an approximate 5% growth in production from both nuclear power and other sources to 10.10% and 9.10% respectively. Petrol, on the other hand, was the only source of energy which decreased in production from 29.27% in 1995 to around a fifth (19.55%) in 2005. IELTS Liz
ĐỀ 8: Sports in an English town The graph shows the number of boys and girls playing sports in an English town in 2012. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, making comparisons where relevant.
The bar chart illustrates how many children, divided by gender, played six kinds of sports (tennis, badminton, cycling, swimming, football and hockey) in a town in England in 2012. Overall, the number of boys playing sport exceeded that of girls in the given period and the sport with the most significant difference between the genders was football. Football was also the most popular sport for boys while the majority of girls preferred swimming. Furthermore, both males and females least preferred playing hockey. There were four sports in which boys participated more than girls. While 60 boys played football, the number of girls playing that sport was considerably lower (around 20). With regards to tennis, the figure for boys who played that sport was 50 as opposed to just under 40 for girls. Similarly, more boys cycled than girls (approximately 35and 20 respectively). The difference, in terms of hockey, was minimal with only about 5 more boys playing that sport than girls. On the other hand, more girls took part in the two remaining sports which both showed a difference of about 10 between the genders. As many as 50 girls preferred swimming in comparison to 40 girls for badminton. IELTS Liz
