An American National Standard Used in USDOE-NE standards
Designation: A 312/A 312M – 01a
Standard Specification for
Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes 1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 312/A 312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H TP321H have lower strength requirerequirements ments for pipe pipe manufa manufactu ctured red by the seamle seamless ss proces processs in nominal wall thicknesses greater than 3 ⁄ 8 in. [9.5 mm]. 1.6 The values stated stated in either either inch-pound inch-pound units or SI units units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units units are shown in bracke brackets. ts. The values values stated stated in each each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification cation.. The inch-p inch-poun ound d units units shall shall apply apply unless unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
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1.1 This This specifi specificat cation ion covers covers seamless, seamless, straightstraight-seam seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service. NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specifi specificat cation ion are accept accepted ed by certain certain pressu pressure re vessel vessel or piping piping codes codes without without the necessi necessity ty of making making the actual actual test. test. For example, example, Grades Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425°F [−250°C] [−250°C] without qualification qualification by impact impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325°F [−200° [−200°C] C] without without impact impact testing testing.. Impact Impact testing testing may, may, under under certai certain n circumstance circumstances, s, be required. required. For example, example, materials with chromium chromium or nickel nickel conten contentt outside outside the AISI ranges ranges,, and for materi material al with carbon content content exceeding 0.10 %, are required required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than −50°F [−45°C].
NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: A 262 Practices Practices for Detecting Detecting Susceptibili Susceptibility ty to Intergra Intergranunular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels 3 A 370 Test Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing Testing of Steel Products 3 A 450/A 450M Specificati Specification on for General Requirements Requirements for Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes 4 A 941 Terminolo erminology gy Relating Relating to Steel, Steel, Stainless Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys 4 A 999/A 999M Specificati Specification on for General Requirements Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe 4 E 112 112 Test Method Methodss for Determ Determini ining ng the Average verage Grain Grain Size5 E 381 Method Method of Macroe Macroetch tch Testing esting Steel Steel Bars, Bars, Billet Billets, s, Blooms, and Forgings 5 E 527 Practice Practice for Numbering Metals Metals and Alloys Alloys (UNS)4 6 2.2 ANSI Standards: Standards: B1.20.1 B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, Threads, General Purpose B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe B36.19 B36.19 Stainless Stainless Steel Pipe Standard: 2.3 ASME Standard:
1.2 Grades Grades TP304H, TP304H, TP309H, TP309H, TP309HC TP309HCb, b, TP310H TP310H,, TP310H TP310HCb, Cb, TP316H TP316H,, TP321H TP321H,, TP347H TP347H,, and TP348H TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for high-temperature service. 1.3 Optional Optional supplementar supplementary y requirem requirements ents are provided provided for pipe pipe wher wheree a grea greate terr degr degree ee of test testin ing g is desi desire red. d. Thes Thesee supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order. 1.4 Table Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
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This specification specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.10 A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Tubular Products. Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2001. Published December 2001. Originally Originally published published as A 312 – 48 T. Last previous edition A 312/A 312M 312M – 01. 2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-312 in Section II of that Code.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards Standards,, Vol 01.03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards Standards,, Vol 01.01. 5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards Standards,, Vol 03.01. 6 Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036. 4
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1 COPYRIGHT ASTM International
A 312/A 312M ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section VIII 7 Standard: 2.4 AWS Standard: A5.9 Corrosion-R Corrosion-Resis esisting ting Chrom Chromium ium and Chrom Chromiumium8 Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Electrodes 2.5 Other Standard: Standard: SAE J10 J1086 86 Practic Practicee for Num Number bering ing Met Metals als and All Alloys oys (UNS)9 Standard: 2.6 Other Standard: SNT-TC-1 SNT -TC-1A A Perso Personnel nnel Quali Qualificat fication ion and Cert Certificat ification ion in 10 Nondestructive Testing
5. General Requirements Requirements 5.1 Mate Material rial furnished furnished under this spec specificat ification ion shal shalll conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A 999/A 999M unless otherwise provided herein. 5.2 Heat Treatment : 5.2.1 All pipe shall be furn furnished ished in the heat heat—tre —treated ated condition diti on in accordance accordance with the requ requirem irements ents of Table 2. The heat—tre heat —treatme atment nt proc procedure edure,, excep exceptt for “H” grade grades, s, S3081 S30815, 5, S31272, S31254, S32654, N08367, N08904, and N08926 shall consis con sistt of hea heatin ting g the pipe to a mi minim nimum um tem temper peratu ature re of 1900°F [1040°C] and quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means.
3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 The defini definitions tions in Speci Specificat fication ion A 999/A 999/A 999M and Terminology A 941 are applicable to this specification.
6. Mate Material rialss and Manufacture Manufacture 6.1 Manufacture: 6.1.1 The pipe shall be manufacture manufactured d by one of the following processes: 6.1.2 Seamless (SML) pipe shall be made by a process that does not involve welding at any stage of production. 6.1.3 Welded (WLD) pipe shall be made using an automatic weldin wel ding g pro proces cesss wit with h no add additi ition on of fill filler er met metal al dur during ing the welding process. cold-worke worked d (HCW) pipe shall be made by 6.1.4 Heavily coldapplyi app lying ng col cold d wor workin king g of not les lesss tha than n 35 % red reduct uction ion in thickness of both wall and weld to a welded pipe prior to the final anneal. No filler shall be used in making the weld. Prior to col cold d wor workin king, g, the wel weld d sha shall ll be 100 % rad radiog iograp raphic hicall ally y inspected in accordance with the requirements requirements of ASME Boiler and Pre Pressu ssure re Vess essel el Cod Code, e, Sec Sectio tion n VII VIII, I, Div Divisi ision on 1, lat latest est revision, Paragraph UW-51. 6.1.5 6.1 .5 Weld elded ed pipe and HCW pipe pipe of NPS 14 and sma smalle llerr shall have a single longitudinal weld. Welded pipe and HCW pipe pi pe of a si size ze la larg rger er th than an NP NPS S 14 sh shal alll ha have ve a si sing ngle le longitudinal weld or shall be produced by forming and welding two longitudinal sections of flat stock when approved by the purchaser. All weld tests, examinations, inspections, or treatments shall be performed on each weld seam. 6.1.6 At the option of the manufacture manufacturer, r, pipe shall be either hot finished or cold finished. 6.1.7 6.1 .7 The pip pipee sha shall ll be fre freee of sca scale le and con contam tamina inatin ting g exogenous iron particles. Pickling, blasting, or surface finishing in g is no nott ma mand ndat ator ory y wh when en pi pipe pe is br brig ight ht an anne neal aled ed.. Th Thee purchaser is permitted to require that a passivating treatment be applied to the finished pipe.
4. Order Ordering ing Information Information 4.1 Order Orderss for material material to this specificati specification on should include the following, following, as requi required, red, to descr describe ibe the desir desired ed mate material rial adequately: 4.1.1 Quant Quantity ity (feet, centimetre centimetres, s, or numbe numberr of lengths), lengths), 4.1.2 Name of mate material rial (austeniti (austeniticc steel pipe), pipe), 4.1.3 Process (seamless (seamless (SML) or welded (WLD) or heavily heavily cold worked (HCW) ), 4.1.4 Grade (Table (Table 1), 4.1.5 Size (NPS or outside outside diameter and schedule number or average wall thickness), 4.1.6 Lengt Length h (specific or random) (Section (Section 13), 4.1.7 End finish (Sec (Section tion on Ends of Speci Specificati fication on A 999/ 999/ A 999M), 4.1.8 Optio Optional nal requirements requirements (product analysis, analysis, see Secti Section on 8; hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test, see Section 12), 4.1.9 Test report required (Certificati (Certification on Sect Section ion of Speci Specifification A 999/A 999M), 4.1.10 Specification number, number, and 4.1.11 Special requirements or any supplementary requirements selected, or both. 7
Avai vailabl lablee fro from m Ame America rican n Soc Society iety for Mech Mechani anical cal Eng Engine ineers, ers, Thr Three ee Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016–5990. 8 Available from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33135. 9 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096. 10 Society Societ y for Nond Nondestructiv estructivee Te Testing, sting, 1711 Arlingate Arlingate Plaza, PO Box 28518, Columbus, OH, 43228-0518.
2 COPYRIGHT ASTM International
A 312/A 312M Treatment eatment —All 6.2 Heat Tr — All pi pipe pe sh shal alll be fu furn rnis ishe hed d in th thee heat-treated condition in accordance with the requirements of Table 2. Alternatively, for seamless pipe, immediately following hot forming while the temperature of the pipes is not less than the speci specified fied mini minimum mum solut solution ion treat treatment ment temp temperatu erature, re, pipes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means. 6.3 Grain Size: 6.3.1 The grain size of Grade UNS S32615, as dete determin rmined ed in accordance with Test Methods E 112, shall be No. 3 or finer. 6.3.2 6.3 .2 The gr grai ain n si size ze of gr grad ades es TP TP30 309H 9H,, TP3 TP309 09HCb HCb,, TP310H TP310 H and TP310HCb, as dete determin rmined ed in accor accordance dance with Test Methods E 112, shall be No. 6 or coarser. 6.3.3 6.3 .3 The grain grain siz sizee of grades grades 304 304H, H, 316 316H, H, 321 321H, H, 347 347H, H, and 348H, as dete determin rmined ed in accor accordance dance with Test Methods Methods E 112, shall be No. 7 or coarser.
Under 2 2 to 5 6 and over
8.2 The results results of the these se ana analys lyses es sha shall ll be rep report orted ed to the purchaser or the purchaser’s representative, and shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 7. 8.3 If the analysis analysis of one of the tests specified specified in 8.1 does not con confor form m to the req requir uireme ements nts spe specifi cified ed in Sec Sectio tion n 7, an analysis of each billet or pipe from the same heat or lot may be made, and all billets or pipe conforming to the requirements shall be accepted. 9. Permitted Variations Variations in Wall Thickness 9.1 In addition to the implicit implicit limitation limitation of wall thickness thickness for sea seamle mless ss pip pipee imp impose osed d by the lim limita itatio tion n on wei weight ght in Specification A 999/A 999M, the wall thickness for seamless and welded pipe at any point shall be within the tolerances specified in Table 3, except that for welded pipe the weld area shall not be limited by the “Over” tolerance. The wall thickness and outside diameter for inspection for compliance with this requirement for pipe ordered by NPS and schedule number is shown in Table X1.1.
TABLE TA BLE 2 Annea Annealing ling Requirem Requirements ents Grade or UNS Designation A All grades not individually listed below: TP321H, TP347H, TP348H Cold finished Hot finished TP304H, TP316H Cold finished Hot finished TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb S30600 S30815, S31272 S31254, S32654 S33228 S34565 S35315 N08367 N08904 N08926
Heat Treating Temperature B
Cooling/Testing Requirements
1900°F [1040°C]
C
2000°F [1100°C] 1925°F [1050°C]
D
1900°F [1040°C] 1900°F [1040°C] 1900°F [1040°C]
D
2010–2140°F [1100–1170°C] 1920°F [1050°C] 2100°F [1150°C] 2050–2160°F [1120–1180°C] 2050–2140°F [1120–1170°C] 2010°F [1100°C] 2025°F [1110°C] 2000°F [1100°C] 2010°F [1100°C]
D
10. Tensile Requirements Requirements 10.1 The tensile tensile prop properti erties es of the material material shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 4.
D
11. Mechanical Tests, Tests, Grain Size Determinations, and Weld Decay Tests Required
D D
11.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test —One —One tension test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 100 pipes. Tension tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 100 pipes.
D D D D D
NOTE 3—The term “lot,” for mechanical mechanical tests, applies to all pipe of the same diameter and wall thickness (or schedule) which are produced from the same heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment: (1) in a continuous heat-treatment furnace, (2) in a batch-type heat-treatment furnace, equipped with recording pyrometers and automatically controlled within a 50°F [30°C] range, or (3) by direct quenching after hot forming, the larger of: (a) Each 200 ft [60 m] or fraction thereof or, (b) That pipe heat treated in the same batch furnace charge.
D D D
A
New designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J1086. B Minimum, unless otherwise stated. C Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means, at a rate sufficient to prevent reprecipitation of carbides, as demonstrable by the capability of passing Practices A 262, Practice E. The manufacturer is not not required to run the test unless unless it is specified on the purchase order (see Supplementary Requirement S7). Note that Practices A 262 requires the test to be performed on sensitized specimens in the low-carbon low-carbon and stabilized stabilized types and on spec specimens imens representati representative ve of the as-shipped condition for other types. In the case of low-carbon types containing 3 % or more molybdenum, the applicability of the sensitizing treatment prior to testing shall be a matter for negotiation between the seller and the purchaser. D Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means.
11.2 Flattening Test —For —For material heat treated in a batchtype furnace, flattening tests shall be made on 5 % of the pipe TABLE 3 Permitted Variations Variations in Wall Thickness Tolerance, % from Nominal NPS Designator ⁄ 8 to 2 ⁄ 2 incl., all t/D ratios 3 to 18 incl., t/D up to 5 % incl. 3 to 18 incl., t/D > 5 % 20 and larger, welded, all t/D ratios 20 and larger, seamless, t/D up to 5 % incl. 20 and larger, seamless, t/D > 5 % 1
7. Chemical Composition 7.1 The The st stee eell sh shal alll co conf nfor orm m to th thee re requ quir irem emen ents ts as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 2. 8. Prod Product uct Analysis Analysis 8.1 At the request of the purchaser, purchaser, an analysis analysis of one billet or one length of flat-rolled stock from each heat, or two pipes from each lot shall be made by the manufacturer. A lot of pipe shall consist of the following number of lengths of the same size and wall thickness from any one heat of steel: NPS Designator
Lengths of Pipe in Lot
Over
Under
2 0 .0
12.5
2 2 .5
12.5
15.0
12.5
1 7 .5
12.5
2 2 .5
12.5
1 5 .0
12.5
1
where: t = Nominal Nominal Wal Walll Thic Thickness kness D = Order Ordered ed Outsi Outside de Diam Diameter eter
5 COPYRIGHT ASTM International
400 or fraction thereof 200 or fraction thereof 100 or fraction thereof
A 312/A 312M TABLE 4 Te Tensile nsile Requirem Requirements ents Grade
... TPXM-19 TPXM-10 TPXM-11 TPXM-29 TP304 TP304L TP304H ... TP304N TP304LN ... ... ... TP309S TP309H TP309Cb TP309HCb TP310S TP310H TP310Cb TP310HCb ... t # 0.25 in. t > 0.25 in. ... t # 0.187 in. [5.00 mm] t > 0.187 in. [5.00 mm]
UNS Designation
Tensile Strength, min ksi [MPa]
Yield Strength, min ksi [MPa]
S20400 S20910 S21900 S21904 S24000 S30400 S30403 S30409 S30415 S30451 S30453 S30600 S30615 S30815 S30908 S30909 S30940 S30941 S31002 S31008 S31009 S31040 S31041 S31050:
95 [635] 100 [690] 90 [620] 90 [620] 100 [690] 75 [515] 70 [485] 75 [515] 87 [600] 80 [550] 75 [515] 78 [540] 90 [620] 87 [600] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515] 73 [500] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515]
48 [330] 55 [380] 50 [345] 50 [345] 55 [380] 30 [205] 25 [170] 30 [205] 42 [290] 35 [240] 30 [205] 35 [240] 40 [275] 45 [310] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205]
84 [580] 78 [540]
39 [270] 37 [255]
98 [675] 95 [655] 65 [450] 75 [515] 70 [485] 75 [515] 75 [515] 80 [550] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515] 80 [550]
45 [310] 45 [310] 29 [200] 30 [205] 25 [170] 30 [205] 30 [205] 35 [240] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 35 [240]
75 [515]
30 [205]
75 [515] 70 [485]
30 [205] 25 [170]
75 [515]
30 [205]
75 [515] 70 [480] 80 [550] 109 [750] 73 [500] 115 [795] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515] 70 [485] 94 [650] 75 [515]
30 [205] 25 [170] 32 [220] 62 [430] 27 [185] 60 [415] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [205] 25 [170] 39 [270] 30 [205]
100 [690] 95 [655] 71 [490] 94 [650] Longitudinal
45 [310] 45 [310] 31 [215] 43 [295] Transverse
35 25 30
25 ... ...
from each heat heat-tre -treated ated lot. For material heat treated by the continuous process, or by direct quenching after hot forming this th is te test st sh shal alll be ma made de on a su sufffic icie ient nt nu numb mber er of pi pipe pe to constitute 5 % of the lot, but in no case less than two lengths of pipe. 11.2.1 For welded pipe a transverse-guided transverse-guided face bend test of the weld may be con conduc ducted ted instead instead of a flat flatten tening ing test in accord acc ordanc ancee wit with h the met method hod out outli lined ned in the ste steel el tub tubula ularr product produ ct suppl supplement ement of Test Metho Methods ds and Defini Definition tionss A 370. 370. The ductility of the weld shall be considered acceptable when there is no evidence of cracks in the weld or between the weld and the base metal after bending. Test specimens from 5 % of the lot shall be taken from the pipe or test plates of the same material as the pipe, the test plates being attached to the end of the cylinder and welded as a prolongation of the pipe longitudinal seam. Grain Siz Sizee—Gr 11.3 Grain —Grain ain siz sizee det determ ermina inatio tions ns on Gra Grades des TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, and UNS S32615 shall be made on the same number of tubes as prescribed for the flattening test. 11.4 11 .4 HCW pipe shall be capable of passing passing the weld decay tests listed in Supplementary S9 with a weld metal to base metal loss ratio of 0.90 to 1.1. The test is not required to be performed unless S9 is specified in the purchase order.
S31254:
S31272 S31600 S31603 S31609 S31635 S31651 S31653 S31700 S31703 S31725 S31726 S32100:
TP316 TP316L TP316H ... TP316N TP316LN TP317 TP317L ... ... TP321 Welded Seamless: 3 # ⁄ 8 in. > 3 ⁄ 8 in. TP321H S32109: Welded Seamless: 3 16 in. # ⁄ 16 > 3 ⁄ 16 16 in. ... S32615 ... S32654 ... S33228 ... S34565 TP347 S34700 TP347H S34709 TP347LN S34751 TP348 S34800 TP348H S34809 ... S35045 ... S35315 TPXM-15 S38100 ... N08367: t # 0.187 t > 0.187 ... N08904 ... N08926 Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm (or 4D 4 D ), min, %: All Grades except S31050 and S32615 S32615, S31050 N08367
12. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test Test 12.1 12. 1 Eac Each h pip pipee sha shall ll be sub subjec jected ted to the non nondes destru tructi ctive ve electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order. 12.2 The hydrostatic test test shall be in accordance accordance with Specification A 999/A 999M, unless specifically exempted exempted under the provisions of 12.3. 12.3 For pipe whose dimensions dimensions equal or excee exceed d NPS10, the purchaser, purchaser, with the agreement agreement of the manu manufact facturer urer,, may waive the hydrostatic test requirement when in lieu of such test the purchase purchaserr per perfor forms ms a sys system tem test. Each len length gth of pip pipee furnished furn ished witho without ut the comp complete leted d manu manufact facturer’ urer’ss hydro hydrostat static ic testt sha tes shall ll inc includ ludee wit with h the man mandat datory ory mar markin kings gs the let letter terss “NH.” 12.4 Nondestructive Electric Test : Nondestru Nonde structiv ctivee elec electric tric tests shall be in accor accordanc dancee with Specification A 999/A 999M. 13. Lengt Lengths hs 13.1 Pipe lengths lengths shall be in accordance accordance with the foll following owing regular practice: 13.1.1 Unles Unlesss other otherwise wise agreed upon, all sizes from NPS 1 ⁄ 8 to and including NPS 8 are available in a length up to 24 ft (Note 4) with the permissible range of 15 to 24 ft (Note 4). Short lengths lengths are acceptable acceptable and the number and mini minimum mum length shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. NOTE 4—This value(s) applies when the inch-pound designation of this specification is the basis of purchase. When the “M” designation of this specification is the basis of purchase, the corresponding metric value(s) shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
13.1.2 13. 1.2 If defi definit nitee cut len length gthss are des desire ired, d, the len length gthss required shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be under the 6
COPYRIGHT ASTM International
A 312/A 312M 16. Certification
specified length and not more than 1 ⁄ 4 in. [6 mm] over that specified specified. 13.1.3 No jointers are permitt permitted ed unless otherwise specified. specified.
16.1 In addition to the information information required required by Specification Specification A 999/A 999M, the certification shall state whether or not the material was hydrostatically tested. If the material was nondestructively tested, the certification shall so state and shall show which whi ch sta standa ndard rd pra practi ctice ce was fol follow lowed ed and wha whatt ref refere erence nce discontinuities were used.
14. Workm Workmanship, anship, Finish, and Appearance 14.1 The fini 14.1 finishe shed d pip pipes es sha shall ll be rea reason sonabl ably y str straig aight ht and shall sha ll hav havee a wor workma kmanli nlike ke fini finish. sh. Imp Imperf erfect ection ionss may be removed mov ed by gri grindi nding, ng, pro provid vided ed the wal walll thi thickn ckness esses es are not decreased to less than that permitted in Section 9 of Specification A 999/A 999M.
17. Mark Marking ing 17.1 In addition to the marking specified specified in Speci Specificati fication on A 999/A 999M, the marking shall include the NPS (nominal pipe size) or outside diameter and schedule number or average wall thickness, heat number, and NH when hydrotesting is not performed and ET when eddy-current testing is performed or UT when ultrasonic testing is performed. The marking shall also include the manufacturer’s private identifying mark, the markin mar king g req requir uirem ement ent of 12. 12.3, 3, if app applic licabl able, e, and whe whethe therr seaml sea mless ess (SM (SML), L), wel welded ded (W (WLD) LD),, or hea heavil vily y col cold-w d-work orked ed (HCW) (HC W).. For Gra Grades des TP3 TP304H 04H,, TP3 TP316H 16H,, TP3 TP321H 21H,, TP3 TP347H 47H,, TP348H, and S30815, the marking shall also include the heat number and heat-treatment lot identification. If specified in the purchase order, the marking for pipe larger than NPS 4 shall include the weight.
15. Repai Repairr by Weldin elding g 15.1 For wel 15.1 welded ded pip pipee who whose se dia diamet meter er equ equals als or exc exceed eedss NPS 6, and whose nominal wall thickness equals or exceeds 0.200, weld repairs made with the addition of compatible filler metal may be made to the weld seam with the same procedures specified for plate defects in the section on Repair by Welding of Specification A 999/A 999M. 15.2 Weld repairs of the weld seam shall not not exceed 20 % of the seam length. 15.3 Weld repairs shall be made only with the gas tungstenarc welding process using the same classification of bare filler rod qualified to the the most current AWS Specification A5.9 as the grade of stainless steel pipe being repaired and as shown in Table 5. Alte Alternati rnatively vely,, subj subject ect to appr approval oval by the purch purchaser aser,, weld wel d rep repair airss sha shall ll be mad madee onl only y wit with h the gas tun tungst gstenen-arc arc welding process using a filler metal more highly alloyed than the base metal when needed for corrosion resistance or other properties. 15.4 Pipes that have had weld seam repairs repairs with filler metal metal shall be uniquely identified and shall be so stated and identified on the certifica certificate te of tes tests. ts. When fill filler er met metal al oth other er tha than n tha thatt listed in Table 5 is used, the filler metal shall be identified on the certificate of tests.
18. Government Procurement Procurement 18.1 Scale Free Pipe for Government Procurement : 18.1.1 When specified in the contract or order, order, the following following requireme requi rements nts shal shalll be consi considered dered in the inqui inquiry ry,, contr contract act or order, for agencies of the U.S. Government where scale free pipe or tube is required. These requirements shall take precedence if there is a conflict between these requirements and the product specifications. 18.1.2 The requireme requirements nts of Specificatio Specification n A 999/A 999M for pipe pi pe an and d Sp Spec ecifi ifica cati tion on A 45 450/ 0/A A 45 450M 0M fo forr tu tube bess sh shal alll be applicable when pipe or tube is ordered to this specification. 18.1.3 Pipe and tube shall shall be one of the following following grades grades as specified herein:
TABLE TA BLE 5 Pipe and Filler Filler Metal Specificat Specification ion Pipe Grade TP304 TP304L TP304N TP304LN TP304H TP309Cb TP309S TP310Cb TP310S
Filler Metal UNS Designation
TP316 TP316L TP316N TP316LN TP316H TP321
S30400 S30403 S30451 S30453 S30409 S30940 S30908 S31040 S31008 S31272 S31600 S31603 S31651 S31653 S31609 S32100
TP347 TP348 TPXM-19 TPXM-29 ... ... ...
S34700 S34800 S22100 S28300 N08367 S20400 N08926
AWS A5.9 Class ER308 ER308L ER308 ER308L ER308 ... ... ... ... ... ER316 ER316L ER316 ER316L ER316H ER321 ER347 ER347 ER347 ER209 ER240 ... ER209 ER ...
UNS Designation S30800, W30840 S30883, W30843 S30880, W30840 S30883, W30843 S30880, W30840 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... S31680, W31640 S31683, W31643 S31680, W31640 S31683, W31643 S31680, W31640 S32180, W32140 S34780, W34740 S34780, W34740 S34780, W34740 S20980, W32240 S23980, W32440 N06625 S20980, W32240 N06625
UNS Designation
TP304 TP304L TP304N TP316 TP316L TP316N TP317 TP317L TP321 TP347
S30400 S30403 S30451 S31600 S31603 S31651 S31700 S31703 S32100 S34700
18.1.4 Part Number : Example: ASTM A 312/A 312M Pipe 304 NPS 12 SCH 40S SMLS Specification Number Pipe Grade NPS Wall SMLS OR WELDED
ASTM A 312 P 304 12 0.375 SML
18.1.4.1 Specification Number
7 COPYRIGHT ASTM International
Grade
ASTM A 312
A 312/A 312M Tube Grade Outside Diameter Wall SMLS OR WELDED
18.1.5.3 Ultrasonic inspection, inspection, if required,
T 304 0.250 0.035 WLD
18.1.5 18.1 .5.4 .4 If sh shea earr wa wave ve te test st is to be co cond nduc ucte ted d in tw two o opposite circumferential directions, 18.1.5.5 Intergranula Intergranularr corrosion test, and 18.1.5.6 18.1.5 .6 Level of pres preservat ervation ion and pack packing ing required. required.
Ordering Information—Or 18.1.5 Ordering —Order derss for mat materi erial al und under er this specification shall include the following in addition to the requirements of Section 4: 18.1.5.1 18.1.5 .1 Pipe or tube, tube, 18.1.5.2 18.1.5 .2 Part number, number,
19. Keyw Keywords ords 19.1 austenitic stainless stainless steel; seamless steel pipe; pipe; stainless steel pipe; steel pipe; welded steel pipe
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. The purchaser may specify a different frequency of test or analysis than is provided in the supplementary requirement. Subject to agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer, retest and retreatment provisions of these supplementary requirements may also be modified. S1. Product Analysis
cracks, and similar objectionable defects. If this supplementary requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe required shall also be specified. If a specimen from any length shows objectionable defects, the length shall be rejected, subject to removal of the defective end and subsequent retests indicating the remainder of the length to be sound and reasonably uniform material.
S1.1 For all pipe NPS 5 and larger in nominal size there shall be one product analysis made of a representative sample from one piece for each ten lengths or fraction thereof from each heat of steel. S1.2 For pipe smaller than NPS 5 there shall be one product analysis made from ten lengths per heat of steel or from 10 % of the number of lengths per heat of steel, whichever number is smaller. S1.3 Individual lengths failing to conform to the chemical requirements specified in Section 7 shall be rejected.
S5. Radiographic Examination S5.1 The entire length length of weld in each double welded pipe shall be rad shall radiog iograp raphic hicall ally y exa examin mined, ed, usi using ng X-r X-radi adiati ation, on, in accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of Section VIII Division 1 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. In addition to the marking required by Section 13 each pipe shall be marked “RT” “R T” afte afterr the specification specification and grad grade. e. Requi Requireme rements nts of S5 shall be required in the certification.
S2. Transverse Tension Tests S2.1 There shall shall be one transverse transverse tension tension test made from one end of 10 % of the lengths furnished per heat of steel. This applies only to pipe NPS 8 and larger. S2.2 If a spec specimen imen from any length length fails to conform to the tensile properties specified that length shall be rejected.
S6. Stabilizing Heat Treatment S6.1 Sub S6.1 Subseq sequen uentt to the sol soluti ution on ann anneal eal req requir uired ed in 5.3 5.3,, Grades Gra des TP3 TP309H 09HCb, Cb, TP3 TP310H 10HCb, Cb, TP3 TP321, 21, TP3 TP321H 21H,, TP3 TP347, 47, TP347H, TP348, and TP348H shall be given a stabilization heat treatment at a temperature lower than that used for the initial init ial solut solution ion annea annealing ling heat treat treatment ment.. The temp temperat erature ure of stabilization heat treatment shall be at a temperature as agreed upon between the purchaser and vendor.
S3. Flattening Test S3.1 The flattening test of Specification A 999/A 999M shall be made on a specimen from one end or both ends of each pipe. Crop ends may be used. If this supplementary requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe shall also be specified. If a specimen from any length fails because of lack of ductility prior to satisfactory completion of the first step of the flattening test requirement, that pipe shall be rejected subject to retreatmentt in acc men accord ordanc ancee wit with h Spe Specifi cificat cation ion A 999 999/A /A 999 999M M and satisfactory retest. If a specimen from any length of pipe fails because of a lack of soundness that length shall be rejected, unless subsequent retesting indicates that the remaining length is sound.
S7. Intergranular Corrosion Test S7.1 When specified, material shall pass intergranular corrosion tests conducted by the manufacturer in accordance with Practices A 262, Practice E.
S4. Etching Tests
NOTE S7.1—Practice E requires testing on the sensitized condition for low carbon or stabiliz stabilized ed grades, and on the as-shipped condition for other grades.
S4.1 The steel shall be homogeneou homogeneouss as shown by etching etching tests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions of Method E 381. Etching tests shall be made on a cross section from one end or both ends of each pipe and shall show sound and reasonably uniform material free of injurious laminations,
S7.2 A sta S7.2 stabil biliza izatio tion n hea heatt tre treatm atment ent in acc accord ordanc ancee wit with h Supple Sup plemen mentar tary y Req Requir uireme ement nt S6 may be nec necess essary ary and is permi per mitte tted d in ord order er to me meet et thi thiss req requir uirem ement ent for the gra grades des contai con tainin ning g tit titani anium um or col columb umbium ium,, par partic ticula ularly rly in the their ir H versions. 8
COPYRIGHT ASTM International
A 312/A 312M S8. Minimum Wall Pipe
anvil sha anvil shape pe sui suitab table le for mea measur suring ing the thi thickn ckness ess wit with h an accuracy to at least 0.001 in. [0.025 mm].
S8.1 S8. 1 Whe When n spe specifi cified ed by the pur purcha chaser ser,, pip pipee sha shall ll be fur fur-nished on a minimum wall basis. The wall of such pipe shall not fal falll bel below ow the thi thickn ckness ess spe specifi cified. ed. In add additi ition on to the marking required by Section 17, the pipe shall be marked S8.
S9.6 The sample sections sections,, both weld and base metal, metal, shall be immersed in the flask containing the solution. Boiling chips shall be added and the solution brought to a boil. Boiling shall be maintained through the duration of the test. The time of testing shall be that which is required to remove 40 to 60 % of the original base metal thickness (usually 2 h or less) If more than 60 % of the base metal thickness remains, it is permitted to terminate the test after 24 h. S9.7 S9. 7 At the end of the tes testt per period iod,, the samples samples shall shall be removed remo ved from the solut solution, ion, rinsed with distilled distilled water water,, and dried. S9.8 S9. 8 The thi thickn ckness ess measure measuremen ments ts as in S9. S9.5 5 sha shall ll be repeat pe ated ed.. Th Thee an anvi vill sh shap apee of th thee mi micr crom omet eter er us used ed sh shal alll be suitable for measuring the minimum remaining thickness with an accuracy to at least 0.001 in. [0.025 mm]. S9.9 The corrosion corrosion ratio, ratio, R, shall be calculated as follows:
S9. Weld Decay Test S9.1 When specified in the purchase purchase order, one sample sample from each lot of pipe shall be subject to testing in a boiling solution of 50 % reagent grade hydrochloric acid and 50 % water. S9.2 The sample, of appro approximat ximately ely 2–in. [50–m [50–mm] m] length, shall be prepared from a production length of pipe. Depending on the size of the pipe, it is permitted to section the sample longitudinally to allow it to fit in the Erlenmeyer flask. As a minimum, the tested sample shall include the entire weld and adjacent area and the full length of base metal 180° across from the weld. All burrs and sharp edges shall be removed by light grinding. Dust and grease shall be removed by cleaning with soap and water or other suitable solvents. S9.3 The hydrochloric hydrochloric acid solution solution shall be prep prepared ared by slowly adding reagent grade (approximately 37 %) hydrochloric acid to an equal volume of distilled water. Warning—Protect Warning— Protect eyes and use rubber gloves when handlin dl ing g ac acid id.. Mi Mixi xing ng an and d te test stin ing g sh shal alll be pe perf rfor orme med d in a protective enclosure. S9.4 S9. 4 The test con contai tainer ner shall be a 1–L Erlenme Erlenmeyer yer flask equipped equi pped with groun ground-gl d-glass ass joint jointss and an Ahline conde condenser nser.. The volume of the solution shall be approximately 700 mL. S9.5 S9. 5 The thickne thickness ss of the weld and the base metal 180° from the weld shall be measured near both ends of the sample. These measurements shall be made with a micrometer with an
R 5 ~ W 0 2 W ! / ~ ~ B0 2 B !
where: W 0 = W = B0 = = B
weld-met weld -metal al thicknes thicknesss before the the test, test, weld-metal weld-me tal thickne thickness ss after after the test test,, base-metal base-met al thickness thickness before before the the test,and test,and base-metal base-m etal thic thickness kness afte afterr the test test,,
S9.9.1 The corrosion corrosion ratio for HCW pipe shall be as spec specified ified in 11.4. S9.9.2 The corrosion ratio shall shall be 1.25 or less, or as further further restricted in the purchase order, when the weld decay test is specified for welded (WLD) pipe.
9 COPYRIGHT ASTM International
average average average aver age average aver age average aver age
A 312/A 312M APPENDIX (Nonmandatory Information) X1. DIMEN DIMENSIONS SIONS OF WELDED AND SEAMLESS STAINLESS STAINLESS STEEL PIPE
X1.1 X1 .1 Tab able le X1.1 X1.1 is based based on Tab able le numbe numberr 1 of the American Natio American National nal Stand Standard ard for stainless stainless stee steell pipe (ANSI B36.19). TABLE TAB LE X1.1 Dimensions of Welded and Seamless Stainless Stainless Steel Pipe NOTE 1—The decimal thickness listed for the respective pipe sizes represents their nominal or average wall dimensions. NPS Designator
⁄ 8 ⁄ 4 3 ⁄ 8 1 ⁄ 2 3 ⁄ 4 1.0 11 ⁄ 4 11 ⁄ 2 2 21 ⁄ 2 3 31 ⁄ 2 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 30 1 1
A B
Outside Diameter in.
0.405 0.540 0.675 0.840 1.050 1 .3 1 5 1.660 1.900 2 .3 7 5 2.875 3 .5 0 0 4.000 4 .5 0 0 5 .5 6 3 6 .6 2 5 8 .6 2 5 10.750 12.750 14.000 16.000 18.000 20.000 22.000 24.000 30.000
mm
10.29 13.72 17.15 21.34 26.67 33.40 42.16 48.26 60.33 73.03 88.90 101.60 114.30 141.30 168.28 219.08 273.05 323.85 355.60 406.40 457.20 508.00 558.80 609.60 762.00
Nominal Wall Thickness Schedule 5S
A
Schedule 10S A
Schedule 40S
Schedule 80S
i n.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
. .. . .. . .. 0 .0 6 5 0 .0 6 5 0.065 0 .0 6 5 0 .0 6 5 0.065 0 .0 8 3 0.083 0.083 0 .0 8 3 0 .1 0 9 0 .1 0 9 0 .1 0 9 0.134 0.156 0.156 0.165 0.165 0.188 0.188 0.218 0.250
... ... ... 1 .6 5 1 .6 5 1 .6 5 1 .6 5 1 .6 5 1 .6 5 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2 .7 7 2 .7 7 2 .7 7 3.40 3.96 3.96 4.19 4.19 4.78 4.78 5.54 6.35
0.049 0.065 0.065 0.083 0.083 0.109 0.109 0.109 0.109 0.120 0.120 0.120 0.120 0.134 0.134 0.148 0.165 0.180 0.188B 0.188B 0.188B 0.218B 0.218B 0.250 0.312
1.24 1.65 1.65 2.11 2.11 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.40 3.40 3.76 4.19 4.57 4.78B 4.78B 4.78B 5.54B 5.54B 6 .3 5 7 .9 2
0.068 0.088 0.091 0.109 0.113 0.133 0.140 0.145 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.226 0.237 0.258 0.280 0.322 0.365 0.375B . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..
1 .7 3 2 .2 4 2 .3 1 2 .7 7 2 .8 7 3.38 3 .5 6 3 .6 8 3 .9 1 5 .1 6 5 .4 9 5 .7 4 6 .0 2 6 .5 5 7.11 8 .1 8 9.27 9.52B . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. ... ...
0.095 0.119 0.126 0.147 0.154 0.179 0.191 0.200 0.218 0.276 0.300 0.318 0.337 0.375 0.432 0.500 0.500B 0.500B . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..
2.41 3.02 3.20 3.73 3.91 4.55 4.85 5.08 5.54 7.01 7.62 8.08 8.56 9.52 10.97 12.70 12.70B 12.70B .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .
Schedules 5S and 10S wall thicknesses do not permit threading in accordance with the American National Standard for Pipe Threads (ANSI B1.20.1). These do not conform to the American National Standard for Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe (ANSI B36.10–1979). ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below. This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address add ress or at 610 610-832 -832-95 -9585 85 (ph (phone one), ), 610 610-83 -832-95 2-9555 55 (fax (fax), ), or serv service ice@as @astm.o tm.org rg (e-m (e-mail ail); ); or thro through ugh the AST ASTM M web websit site e (www.astm.org).
10 COPYRIGHT ASTM International
