CFC Extension Grammar - Unit 6 A
Future tenses –
1
Fill in the gaps with the present continuous or the will -future -future of the verb in brackets.
Lana:
Where are you heading?
Dave:
I’m off to the supermarket to pick up some marmite.
Lana: Hold up. I think I _________________ (tag along) with you. I need need a couple things things too. 2
Next month, all reimbursement requests should be sent to Mr Smith because Ms Anderson A nderson _________________ _________________ (start) her maternity leave on the 31st.
3
Leonard: I _________________ _________________ (give) John a bicycle for Christmas. What _________________ (you give) him? Teddy: I _________________ (probably get) him a gift certificate from Harrod’s so he can pick his own gift.
4
Amy: I need to tidy up the house this afternoon, because we _________________ (have) family over tomorrow. Chris: Don’t fret. I _________________ _________________ (come) round tonight and help you.
5
The farmers hope that the drought _________________ _________________ (not continue) over the next f ew weeks; otherwise their crops _________________ (not survive).
6
Although Gaston Acurio says it is a myth, many Peruvians think you should never eat ceviche at night or you _________________ _________________ (feel) sick afterwards.
7
Waiter: We have juices made of mango, passion fruit, soursop, strawberry and guava. Customer: Er. What a selection. I think _________________ (have) an Inca Cola.
8
Sandra: _________________ _________________ (do) anything special special this weekend? James: Yes, I _________________ (go) to my cousin’s 15th birthday party.
-future, the present Future Tenses – Fill in the gaps with suitable verbs in the present continuous, the will -future,
B
simple or the future continuous. 1
I expect that my parents _________________ me socks again for my birthday.
2
How exciting! At midday tomorrow, we _________________ _________________ over the Caribbean on our way to Miami.
3
Larry _________________ to the chiropractor’s office tomorrow at 10 a.m.
4
My grandma _________________ 75 on her next birthday.
5
By this time next year I _________________ as a lawyer for a major European firm.
6
I am going to bed early tonight because the new school year _________________ tomorrow, and I want to be fresh on my first day back.
7
Marty thinks he _________________ married someday, but he doesn’t want to have children.
8
Don’t be late! The concert _________________ _________________ at 9 sharp, and I don’t want to miss a single minute.
9
I am so proud of Mary. She _________________ next year with the Metropolitan Ballet. She has the lead in “Swan Lake.”
10 Next weekend we _________________ (go) to the beach one last time before summer ends. Linking Words and Phrases – From the given list, select the appropriate linking word or phrase to rewrite the two sentences. Only one word or phrase works for each item. (There are four extra words or phrases that you do NOT need.)
C
for this reason 1
if I were you
unless we do so
in my opinion
despite
additionally
result
finally
It never really rains hard hard in Lima. The city employs hundreds of water trucks trucks to keep the the city green. _______________________________ ______________________________________________ ________________________________ _______________________________ _________________________ ___________
2
Bill Richards is the messiah we need to save us. Vote for him for Prime Minister. _______________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________ _______________________________ ___________________________ ___________
3
We will be bankrupt within two years. We need to cut spending by 30%. _______________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________ _______________________________ ___________________________ ___________
4
We must find safer ways to produce energy. We must raise safety construction standards at nuclear plants. _______________________________ ______________________________________________ ________________________________ _______________________________ ________________________ __________
© Cambridge University Press & Británico
CFC Extension Grammar - Unit 7
Countable and Uncountable nouns. Complete the following sentences using either some , any , or no in one
A
space and the appropriate word below (either in its singular or plural form) in the other space. shower 1
slice
item
cut
glass
clap
pane
ball
flash
crowd
bar
frame
loaf
The kids are out back swimming in the pool and it’s raining. Have you seen ______________ lightning? – Yes,
I just saw three ______________ of lightning, so we had better get them out of the water right away! 2
We are out of bread and we need ______________ to make sandwiches for the picnic. Please go pick up three ______________ at the supermarket.
3
The store has ______________ clothing on sale right now, so I don’t think it’s a good time to buy anything. – Are you sure? Have a look in the back. That’s where they keep the sale ______________.
4
Would you like ______________ cake? – Yes, but please just give me a tiny ______________ because I am on a diet.
5
To knit a sweater, you must have ______________ wool, a needle, skill and patience. Usually it takes several ______________ of wool to get the job done.
6
Maria doesn’t have ______________ chocolate to make the cake, so she will have to pop down to the corner
shop to buy a few ______________ of unsweetened cooking chocolate. 7 ______________ thunder is possible without lightning. The sudden increase in pressure and temperature from lightning produces the rapid expansion of the nearby air and the resulting ______________ of thunder. 8
I was going to have ______________ stained glass installed at our lake house, but it turns out each ______________ costs more than 1,500 pounds, so I had to nix that idea. Articles – Decide whether you need to use a/an, the or nothing in the following gaps. If more than one
B
answer is possible, then indicate both possibilities. 9
My father’s been in _______ hospital since last week when he had a stroke. We are really worried.
10 _______ Loch Ness is a large, deep freshwater lake in _______ Scottish Highlands, and it is definitely most famous for _______ many alleged sightings of a gigantic mo nster, lovingly called “Nessie.” 11 Because _______ traffic in Lima can be such _______ hassle sometimes, it is best to avoid rush hour. 12 The symptoms are very different between catching _______ cold and coming down with _______ flu. 13 Everyone knows _______ common expression that _______ money doesn’t grow on _______ trees. 14 We are on our way to _______ hospital to visit _______ friend who is _______ race car driver. He was injured in _______ race at _______Leicestershire Track this morning. 15 My cousin went on _______ vacation last week in _______ Dominican Republic. He loved _______ music, and he said _______ people were _______ joy to be around. 16 What _______ exciting film! It was set during _______ World War II. _______ plot had many twists and turns and _______ special effects were amazing.
© Cambridge University Press & Británico
CFC Extension Grammar - Unit 8
A
Infinitive and verb and -ing. (I) Complete this conversation using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Jim: I’ve decided ___________ (pack up) (1) and move to Manchester.
Sandy: But I thought you enjoyed ___________ (live) (2) in London. Jim: Oh, I do, but I feel like ___________ (spend) (3) some time closer to my family. Sandy: Didn’t you promise _____ ______ (pay) (4) the rent here on your flat for another six months? Jim: Yes, that’s true, but I just can’t stand ___________ (be) (5) away from my family anymore. And plus, I
am tired ___________ (live) (6) with my three roommates. Mike refuses ___________ (wash) (7) any dishes and the kitchen is always a mess. Jamie keeps on ___________ (play) (8) her guitar late into the night. And then Larry always tries ___________ (borrow) (9) money from me so he can go to the casino. I absolutely detest ___________ (live) (10) under these conditions. Sandy: Yeah, so I see, the real reason you want to move is that you can’t stand your roommates, but can’t
you manage ___________ (talk) (11) with them so they know how you feel about the situation? Jim: No, I can’t. I just can’t carry on ___________ (deal) (12) with this situation. I’m hoping ___________ (rent) (13) a moving lorry tomorrow to ship all my stuff up to Manchester. Sandy: Well, I’m sorry to hear you are leaving London, but best of luck.
B
Sentence Formation – Complete the second sentence in each question so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence, using the word given in capitals. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1
Maria hates watching reality TV shows where people make fools of themselves in front of the whole world. BEAR Maria ___________________________________ reality TV shows where people make fools out of themselves in front of the whole world.
2
Could you please take your shoes off? In our Japanese culture, we don’t wear shoes in the house. MIND Would ___________________________________ your shoes off. In our Japanese culture, we don’t wear
shoes in the house. 3
We asked Marcus if he wanted to go with us to the pub for a pint. INVITED We ___________________________________ with us to the pub for a pint.
4
In Saudi Arabia, women cannot drive a motor vehicle or go out alone without their husband or a male relative. ALLOWED In Saudi Arabia, women ___________________________________ a motor vehicle or go out alone without their husband or a male relative.
5
You might get sunburn if you do not apply sunscreen before you head to the beach. RISK If you don’t apply sunscreen before you go to the beach, ___________________________________
sunburn.
© Cambridge University Press & Británico
ANSWER KEY UNIT 6
8A
6A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
will tag is starting I’m giving / are you giving / will probably get are having / will come won’t continue / won’t survive will feel I’ll have are you doing / I’m going
6B
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
will give will be flying is going will be will be working starts / begin will get starts / begins is dancing are going
6C
1 2 3 4
. . . in Lima. For this reason , the city employs . . . In my opinion , Bill Richards . . . . . . 30%. Unless we do so, we’ll be bankrupt . . . energy. Additionally, we must raise . . .
UNIT 7
7A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
any / flashes some / loaves no / items some / slice some / balls any / bars no / claps some / pane
7B
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
UNIT 8
- / the / the the / a a or - / the or – the / - / the / a / a / a / the - / the / the / the / a an / - / the / the
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
to pack up living spending to pay being of living to wash playing to borrow living to talk dealing to rent
8B
1 2 3 4 5
cannot bear watching you mind taking invited Marcus to go are not allowed to drive you risk getting
CFC Plus Grammar Sheet From the Future Perfect to the Future Perfect Continuous
AD3
Future Perfect (Review) The future perfect is used to indicate that some event will be finished, completed, or achieved at a certain time in the future. If we don’t hurry, by the time we get to the banquet everyone will have eaten.
By the time he figures out that his bank cards were stolen, all his bank accounts will have been emptied (passive).
The new recruits hope that the war will have ended before they reach the front lines.
Other modal verbs instead of will can be used to talk about the future more tentatively: • By the time you read my goodbye letter I will/may/should have already boarded the train to Katmandu. Future Perfect Continuous The future perfect continuous is used to emphasise how long an uncompleted act will have been happening by a c ertain time in the future: • On February 15, we will have been living in Paris for two decades. We got here on a cold February 15 nearly twenty years ago. • Next month I will have been dating my boyfriend for three years. And he still hasn’t given me a ring! When using the future perfect continuous, we usually state both the certain point in the future ('On Saturday...', 'Next year ...') and the length of time until this point (...for a month, ...fo r 50 years). The future perfect continuous is not usually used with state verbs such as like, know, feel, see, think, love, hate, wish, etc.
A.
Complete each sentence with either the future perfect or the future perfect continuous form of the indicated verb.
Example: Michael began working at the factory when he was 19 years old and next week is is his 50th birthday. When Michael turns 50 he 1.
will have been working at the factory for over 30 years . (work)
Every morning, Laurie drinks three cups of coffee before she goes to work. Before Laurie steps foot in th e office today _________________________________________three cups of coffee.(drink)
2.
I started carving this statue eight months ago on Friday. I still have a long way to go. By next Friday _______________________________________________________________________________ (carve)
3.
We’re going to cut the grass today. Hopefully, we’ll finish it before it starts raining. When it starts raining ____________________________________________________________________________(cut)
4.
Martin lay down at 2am, and his alarm is set to go off at 6am. When Martin’s alarm goes off ____________________________________________________for only four hours. (sleep ) The firm is investing £5 million on promoting the device before it even goes on sale. By the time the device goes on sale, ______________________________________________________________(invest)
5.
6.
My grandma and grandpa met when they were both teenagers. By their next an niversary, _____________________________________________ each other for over sixty years. (know)
7.
Bill’s wife passed away three years ago. He plans to sell his house next year and move to a retirement community. By the time he sells his house, ________________________________ alone there for more than three years. (live)
8.
We are reviewing all the files, and we have checked them all except for the ones on Bill’s hard drive. Once we review Bill’s hard drive _________________________________________________________________(check)
9.
We are flying to Bombay from Lima. How amazing that when we land in Bombay, ____________________________ half way round the world. (fly)
10. The Británico was established in 1937 and provides world-class English language teaching in Peru. By the end of 2037, _________________________________________________________________________(provides) 11. I am still here in the waiting room at the doctor’s office. I got here before 9am and it’s almost noon. By the top of the hour ________________________________________ here for more than three hours. (sit) 12. Construction of The Holy Family Cathedral in Barcelona began in 1882 and it may be finished by 2026. By the end of this decade, workers________________________________the cathedral for nearly 140 years. (build) B.
Reflection on grammar. In your language, are there future perfect and future perfect continuous tenses? If so, how o ften does one use these tenses. In what situations might one find the use of these tenses? Consider asking for your teacher’s perspective. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ © Cambridge University Press & Británico
ANSWER KEY
CFC Plus Grammar Sheet: From Future Perfect to Future Perfect Continuous A.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
he will have drunk I will have been carving this statue for eight months we will/should have cut the grass he will have slept the firm will have invested five million pounds my grandparents will have known he will have lived we will have checked all the files we will have flown the Británico will have been providing world-class English teaching for 100 years / a century I will have been waiting will have been building
