Design Miniaturization of Microstrip Patch Antenna Antenna Based Complementary Split Ring Resonator Metamaterial Cells for WiMAX Applications Nurul haerani !amzidah" Dina Mariani" #itri #arida" $%o $%o Seti&adi Multimedia 'elecommunication" 'elecommunication" Department of $lectrical $ngineering (nstitut 'e%nologi Sepuluh Nopem)er Sura)aya *+,---." (ndonesian (ndo nesian e/mail0 nurul1%haerani-23mhs1ee1its1ac1id nurul1%haerani-23mhs1ee1its1ac1id"" e%oset3ee1its1ac1id
Abstract —Design of microstrip antenna rectangular-shaped and microstri microstrip p antenna with CSRR CSRR metamaterial metamaterial cells cells have specifications same and operating frequency at 3.5 !" for #i$%& applications. 'ased on the simulation results o(tained microstrip microstrip antenna with CSRR metamaterial metamaterial cells has (etter than performance conventional microstrip antenna in terms of return retur n loss) *S#R) directivit directivity y and radiation pattern. %ntenna design design results results to indicat indicatee that that shown shown of cells cells in CSRR metamaterial antenna can miniaturi"ation of antenna dimensions (y 3+.5, . $icrostrip antenna with metamaterial cells is also epected to (e applied to #i$%& with (andwidth o(tained from the simulation results. Keywords—CSRR antenna, WiMAX
metamaterial
(1
cells,
miniaturization
of
( N'R4D5C'(4N
'elecommunications technology is increasing progressi6e 7ith 7ireless 7ireless communic communications ations 7ill significa significantly ntly integrated integrated system of smaller" lo7 po7er and ine8pensi6e1 4ne of the 7ireless technologies that e8ist today is WiMAX technology offers telecommunications telecommunications ser6ices 7ith a 7ide )and7idth and )it rate are large 7ith high speed and 7ide range1 'o support this WiMAX technology needed an antenna that has a small size size"" light light 7eig 7eight ht and and port porta) a)le le11 Anten ntenna na idea ideall for for this this application is a microstrip antenna 9-:" 9;:1 (n addition to the ad6antages ad6antages of microstri microstrip p antenna antenna has the disad6anta disad6antage ge that narr narro7 o7 )and )and7i 7idt dth" h" dire direct cti6 i6it ity y and and gain gain smal smalll and and lo7 lo7 efficiency1 efficiency1 'herefore 7e need a method to produce an antenna that has a )etter performance in terms of dimensions" function" and design applications )ased metamaterial metamaterial antenna1 Metamaterial antenna is a type of antenna that utilizes the mate materi rial al prop proper erti ties es of meta metama mate teri rial al to impr impro6 o6ee the the performance of the antenna system1 'his antenna design aims to impro6e radiation and electromagnetic 7a6es in free space1 'his antenna is made of artificial artificial materials materials and structures structures 7hich ha6e different physical properties than usual microstrip antenna1 'his antenna can impro6e the antenna radiation )y <=> from the input signal signal 92:" 9?:1 Metamaterial Metamaterial antennas antennas capa)le of operating up to -@=, times the size of the signal 7a6elengt 7a6elength h and has size smaller smaller than than usual antenna1 antenna1 'he metamate metamaterial rial antenna antenna also easily fa)ricate fa)ricated d and has small small dimensions so it suita)le for miniaturization of antennas1 4ne
type of metamate metamaterial rial that used is metamate metamaterial rial CSRR 9-,:" 9-,:" 9--: 9--:11 'his 'his metho method d utiliz utilizes es metam metamate ateria riall proper propertie tiess of a material 7ith ad6antages that size is 6ery small" increase gain" and 7iden the )and7idth1 Comp Comple leme ment ntar ary y Spli Splitt Ring Ring Reso Resona nato torr *CS *CSRR. RR. is comple compleme mente nterr eleme elements nts of SRR1 SRR1 CSRR CSRR produc producee negati negati6e 6e permitti6ity and ! *left/handed. are formed )y replacing metal split ring resonator *SRR. into gaps and other7ise gap SRR element is replaced )y strip conductors 92:1 5nli%e 7ith SRR" SRR" CSRR CSRR produc producee an electr electric ic field field arisi arising ng of curren currentt through transmission line1 Another difference in circuit each other other series series of factor factorss induct inductor or *. *. and capac capacito itorr *C. in eui6alent circuit1 Based on the nature and characterization" CSRR elements consist of t7o types" namely CSRR structure 7ith permitti6ity permitti6ity and negati6e negati6e permea)il permea)ility ity or called called eft/ eft/ !ande !anded d Metam Metamate ateria rials ls *!M *!M.. and negati negati6e 6e permit permitti6 ti6ity ity CSRR structure 92:" 9=:" 9+:1 CSRR element consists of single SRR cell has pair of closed loop or ring slot 7ith a split at each end1 oop or slot ring is made of non/magnetic metals such as copper and has a small gap )et7een the ends1 oop can )e concentric or rectangular" and small gaps as needed1 'his element produces produces magnetic magnetic flu8 7hich 7hich penetrate penetratess the metal ring and induces current current in the ring or ring ring slot 9:" 9<:1
#igure -1 Structure and eui6alent circuit of CSRR square CSRR square 9?:1 9?:1
(n this paper descri)ed design and results of the simulation parameters of the microstrip antenna )ased CSRR
metamaterial 7hich operates at freuency 21= !z using soft7are CS' Micro7a6e Studio ;,-E1 'his design is e8pected to impro6e the performance of antenna" miniaturization of antenna and can )e applied to WiMAX1
B. Design of Microstrip Antenna with Metamaterial Cell
Microstrip antennas using CSRR metamaterial cell designed to ha6e the same parameters as the con6entional microstrip antenna 7ith the addition of CSRR metamaterial cells 7ith size cell geometry sho7n in 'a)le ((1
((1 A N'$NNA D$S(N (n this section 7ill sho7n design of t7o antennas that con6entional microstrip antenna and microstrip antennas using metamaterial CSRR cells and operating freuency at 21= !z1
'AB$ ((1 $4M$'RG 4# CSRR M$'AMA'$R(A C$ eometry of CSRR $etamaterial Cell
A. Design of Microstrip Antenna
Microstrip antenna designed 7ith a rectangular microstrip line rationing techniues1 'he essential parameters of the design are sho7n in 'a)le -1 'AB$ -1 SP$S(#(CA'(4NS 4# M(CR4S'R(P A N'$NNA Spesifications
$agnitude
/nit
R4$RS E2+,
/
Dielectric Constant *Fr .
+1-=
/
ength of su)stract *.
+1+
mm
Width of su)stract *W.
=1<
mm
ength of Patch *P.
;1=;
mm
Width of Patch *WP.
2212,
mm
'hic%ness *h.
-1+,
mm
'hic%ness of Patch *t.
,1,=
mm
Width of #eed *W,.
;1=;
mm
-<1+=
mm
Su)stract
Path ength *G,.
Split Ring 0
/nit 1mm2
Split Ring
/nit 1mm2
a-
+1,,
a2
21=,
a;
=1,,
aE
;1=,
)-
+1,,
)2
21=,
);
=1,,
)E
;1=,
g-
-1,-+
g;
,1;=E
a2
g-
)2
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g;
);
)-
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a; a-
W WP
#igure 21 eometry of CSRR metamaterial cell
Patch Substrat
52.00 mm
Gound Plane
27.52 mm
Lp
L
27.52 mm
45.50 mm
Y0
Patch
t
Substrat Gound Plane
h
#igure ;1 Microstrip antenna *top 6ie7 and side.
#igure E1 Design of mi%rostrip antenna 7ith CSRR metamaterial cell
(((1 A NA(SGS AND S(M5A'(4N R $S5'S Based on the design parameters to )e o)tained con6entional microstrip antenna and microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cell CSRR of simulation results using CS' Micro7a6e Studio ;,-E are sho7n as follo7s1 A. Return Loss and VSWR
Design and simulation results are to )e o)tained return loss graph con6entional microstrip antenna and microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cell CSRR operating freuency at 21= !z sho7n in figures - and ;1
B. Directiit! and Radiaton "attern
Simulation results directi6ity and radiation pattern in 2D and polar antenna is sho7n in #igure and ?1 'he simulation results sho7n represent the radiation on the side J *phi. and K *theta. at a freuency of 21= !z1 'he microstrip antenna o)tained directi6ity is +12? dBi 7ith ma8imum gain is E1; dB and main lo)e at an angle K is E=, and J is /;-1, dB 7hile the microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cells o)tained directi6ity +1;+ dBi 7ith ma8imum gain of 2 1-E dB and main lo)e at an angle K -1,, and J +1;2 dB 1 'he simulation results sho7n that CSRR metamaterial cell affect the gain and radiation pattern of antenna1
#igure =1 Simulation of return loss microstrip antenna
#igure 1 Directiit! and radiation pattern of microstrip antenna
#igure +1 Simulation of return loss microstrip antenna 7ith CSRR metamaterial cell
Based on simulation results o)tained con6entional microstrip antenna return loss is /-21E; dB HSWR is -"==+ 7hile the microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cell is /;?1+ dB HSWR is -,+ as sho7n in #igures - and ;1 'he results of this simulation sho7 that the t7o antennas has a return loss *I/-, dB. and the 6alue of HSWR I;" 7hich sho7s that the designed antenna is matched 7hen it 7ill )e fa)ricated1 Microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cells CSRR ha6e return loss and HSWR )etter than con6entional microstrip antenna1 'his difference is caused )y the metamaterial cells 7ere added to the antenna as sho7n in #igure 21 'hese results also sho7 a 7ide )and7idth of the antenna 7hich is a con6entional microstrip antenna microstrip antenna ;1,, M!z and ;=1,, M!z 7ith a metamaterial cell1 #igure ?1 Directiit! and radiation pattern of microstrip antenna 7ith CSRR metamaterial cells
Propagation *(SAP." (nternational Symposium on Page*s.0 =?? L =<-1
C. Miniaturi#ation of Antenna Dimension
Based on design results o)tained 7ide of con6entional microstrip antenna is 2<-=1?= mm; 7hile 7ide of microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cells CSRR is ;2++1,, mm;1 'his means that sho7n of cells in CSRR metamaterial antenna successfully reduced of antenna dimensions )y 2<1=>1 So it can )e said that addition of metamaterial cell CSRR has )een successfully miniaturization of microstrip antenna 9?:1 (H1 C4NC5S(4N Based on design and simulation results o)tained microstrip antenna and microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cells that operate at a freuency of 21= !z1 'he results of return loss and HSWR microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cells CSRR )etter or matching of microstrip antenna1 'he e8istence of CSRR metamaterial cells antenna affects directi6ity" gain and radiation pattern1 CSRR metamaterial cells also can miniaturization antenna dimensions )y 2<1=>1 Microstrip antenna 7ith metamaterial cell is e8pected to )e applied to WiMAX 7ith ;= M!z )and7idth1
Acknowledgment 'he Author *N!. than%s to Nur (chzan AS as peer discussion a)out metamaterial theory and Directorate of !igher $ducation *D('(. 7hich pro6ides scholarships BPPDN ;,-2 to finance for fa)rication and testing in this study1
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