YDS 2017 MINI DENEME
1. Although mountainous areas contain little ---- soil in Greece, about one-fourth of the people earn their living by farming and agriculture.
7. Rockets are believed ---- in the medieval China, and then the technology ---- throughout the Old World in the wake of the Mongol invasions of the 13th century.
A) innovative
A) to srcinate / were spreading
D) srcinal
B) fertile
C) fragile
E) hectic
B) srcinated / has spread C) having srcinated / had spread D) to have srcinated / spread E) was to srcinate / would spread
2. It may surprise you to le arn that chronic sleep ---significantly affects your health, performance, and safety. A) intention
B) defeat
D) perception
E) deprivation
C) achievement
8. The printing press ---- in the Holy Roman Empire by the German goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg, - --existing screw presses. A) was invented / based on B) had invented / basing on
3. Scientists believe that children are born with an inherited ability to learn any language, as every child has a language ---- device encoding grammatical structures into the child’s brain. A) participate
B) purchase
D) impact
E) aspect
C) could be invented / to base on D) invented / based on E) should have invented / having based on
C) acquisition
9. Greece ---- quite popular among tourists from various countries, since it ---- the visitors fabulous ancient wonders as well as modern attractions. 4. One of the most ---- effects of global warming is the reduction in Arctic sea ice, where we saw the smallest amount of Arctic ice cover ever recorded in 2012.
A) has become / must offer B) became / has offered C) could become / offered
A) dramatic
B) extinct
D) excellent
E) efficient
C) constructive
E) had become / had been offered
5. The civil service in Britain has issued a series of warnings that the country is not sufficiently equipped to ---- the extra demands of leaving the EU. A) wipe out
B) set up
D) cope with
E) look up
C) get around
6. All ancient astronomers ---- naked-eye observations, so they could only see large celestial objects like moon, Venus, Jupiter, and visible star-groups. A) sought out
B) broke out
D) went down
E) brought up
D) is becoming / offers
10. The atmosphere of earth protects living organisms ---- genetic damage that may be caused ---- solar radiation, solar winds and cosmic rays. A) from / by
B) of / at
D) up / with
E) away / off
C) on / behind
11. Four cups of coffee a day is considered safe ---healthy adults, but it exposes coffee drinkers ---- side effects like stress and insomnia.
C) relied upon A) on / under
B) from / under
D) in / to
E) into / up
C) for / by
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME
12. ---- substantial reforms in economy, small and medium-scale enterprises still find it difficult to raise capital, as banks often grant loans to big companies. A) Once
B) Despite
D) Even if
E) Rather
C) Though
18. ----, infectious disease continued to kill half of all Europeans before they reached the age of twenty. A) Although famines became less common and less widespread in Europe in the eighteenth century B) Unless the total number of urban dwellers across Europe as a whole did not change markedly C) Because improved sanitation and better diet played some role in the rise of Europe’s population in the 1820s
13. In recent years, carbon dioxide has been building up as a result of human ac tivities, ---- the burning of fossil fuels, over-cultivation, and extensive logging.
D) Since Naples went from a population of 300.000 to nearly half a million by the late eighteenth century
A) in case
B) so that
E) Just many men andinwomen employed in theintextile trade in as northern France the 17th century lived cities
D) which
E) such as
C) due to
14. Insurance companies usually require a quick assessment of the workplace before preparing policies ---- have a better grasp of the existing circumstances. A) whether
B) as if
D) although
E) given
C) in order to
19. Unless international cooperation is ensured to ban the non-essential use of harmful chemicals, ----. A) ozone measurements exhibit year to year variability, but do not show any increasing or decreasing trend B) the increase of oxygen in the atmosphere led to the formation of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere C) ozone layer would absorb 90% of the sun's high frequency ultraviolet light
15. The first recorded instance of ca ncer dates from 1500 BC in Egypt, ---- eight women with breast cancer were treated with fire. A) whom
B) where
D) which
E) by that
B) thus
D) in spite of
E) while
E) the depletion of the ozone layer will continue to pose a serious threat to human health
C) whose
16. Continuous intake of calcium and vitamin D helps maintain a healthy skeleton, ---- several other minerals are needed for muscle function. A) now that
D) the term ozone hole is employed to describe any episode of ozone depletion, no matter how minor
C) hence
20. Often considered to be the kin g of birds, ----. A) they are ranked at the top of the food chain due to the size and power of many species B) the wings of it are typically heavier than those of most other birds of prey C) the eagle is an exceptionally common symbol used by many countries on their flags
17. ---- his numerous inventions of mechanical devices, Archimedes is also credited w ith many discoveries in the field of mathematics and physics. A) Instead
B) Besides
D) Even so
E) Even if
C) Unlike
D) hunting techniques of birds differ among the species and genera E) different lifestyle needs among various eagle species result in variable measurements
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 2 1. The first scientific ---- for the Big Bang was found in 1929, when astronomers discovered that light from distant galaxies is reddened.
8. ---- as a pagan temple in the 2nd century AD, the Pantheon in Rome ---- famous for its dome, one of the largest ones in the world.
A) strike
B) purchase
D) survey
E) tradition
A) Having created / was B) Created / is C) Creating / has been D) To be created / could be E) Creates / should have been
C) evidence
2. As the world’s population has swollen and we have invented fuel hungry cars and homes, global energy ---have increased dramatically. A) influence
B) resource
D) impact
E) consumption
C) deposit
together by gravity and became the Moon.
3. A giant meteor impact could have caused the mass ---- of dinosaurs, as well as many other species, but studies need concrete proof for this theory. A) benefit
B) depression
D) extinction
E) layer
B) permanent
D) secular
E) compulsive
10. Scientific studies show that the amount of activity ---- our brain while we are dreaming is similar ---- the amount when we are awake.
B) looked up
D) grew up
E) looked down
A) in / to
B) on / for
D) under / up
E) for / over
C) at / out
C) subtle 11. Most animals look for food, communicate ---- each other, and have complex patterns of behavior linked ---finding mates and producing young.
5. A popular British novelist, Charles Dickens ---- in poverty amid the very scenes of his novels, which he later described in David Copperfield. A) called off
A) formed / was pulled B) is forming / pulling C) to have formed / having pulled D) was forming / had pulled E) has formed / must pull
C) settlement
4. Earth’s fossil fuels took hundreds of millions of years to form, but a ---- portion of them has been burned up in just a hundred years. A) significant
9. The Moon ---- as a result of a collision between Earth and a planet 4.5 billion years ago, when the debris ----
C) got out
A) upon / in D) of / across
B) away / by E) with / to
C) below / at
12. ---- knowledge can be acquired from books and school education, most skills must be learned through practice and experience. A) In case D) Otherwise
B) Whether E) Just as
C) Whereas
6. The Spanish civil war ---- in 1936 as a revolt by rightwing Spanish military officers in Morocco and spread to mainland Spain. A) set up
B) broke out
D) turned on
E) switched off
C) came along
7. Humans ---- 40% of the Earth’s surface from its natural state, far greater than the small changes that ---- the last great planetary shift in the ice ages. A) would alter / have triggered B) had altered / trigger C) have altered / triggered D) alter / will trigger E) will alter / had triggered
13. ---- powerful international bodies employ restrictive and drastic measures, it is feared that the world will soon its energy resources. A) Unless D) Despite
B) Thus E) As if
C) As long as
14. Many ancient civilizations observed astronomical bodies, such as the Sun and stars, ---- they could keep track of times, dates, and seasons. A) as for D) so that
B) though E) even so
C) now that
YDS 2017 MINI DENEME 2 15. ---- the World Bank’s latest figures, 131 of 196 countries around the world rely on food imports to feed their citizens.
23. In addition to having two airports, ----.
A) Besides D) However
B) Rome has grown into a city of three million people
B) Even if E) Given that
C) According to
A) the best times to visit Rome are spring and autumn
C) the most famous landmark in Rome is the Coliseum 16. ---- there is general agreement that the Americas were first settled by Asian peoples, the pattern of migration, its timing, and the srcins of the peoples who migrated to the Americas remain unclear. A) As well D) Which
B) Only if E) Although
E) many of Rome’s fountains are the work of the greatest sculptors of the Renaissance
C) Despite
17. There seems to be a link between obesity and type II diabetes, but it is not clear ---- diabetes leads to obesity or obesity leads to diabetes. A) what D) however
D) Rome is also linked to the rest of Europe by road and rail
B) whether E) whereby
24. ---- that it will cut emissions of greenhouse gasses by about million tons per year over the next five years. A) Scientist are engaged in research B) The British government has announced
C) whom
C) A group of scientist at the conference argued D) The Council on Environmental Protection would fear E) The government had objected
Despite the amount of budget (18)---- to the education system, students and parents are facing increasing problems. There is no stability or standard practice in the system (19)---- frequent and untimely changes. Seven different education ministers (20)---- in the cabinet over the last 15 years, and nearly 20 exams and placement methods have been tried (21)---- a fairer practice, and (22) ---- none
26. ---- which goes back almost 3,000 years. A) The 2016 Olympics was a major international multisport event held in Brazil as part of an Olympic tradition
has led to a working system. B) The Olympics brought together men from tribes and states in Greece and its colonies
18. A) enforced
B) exposed
D) convinced
E) objected
C) allocated
C) The ancient Olympics were abolished by the Roman Emperor Theodosius in 393 AD D) The bidding process for the 2016 Olympic Games was officially launched on 16 May 2007
19. A) due to
B) in case
D) thus
E) whom
C) in addition
E) The United States topped the medal table for the fifth time over the past six games
20. A) were serving 27. Ever since psychologists started stud ying intelligence, ----.
B) have served C) should have served
A) they have relied heavily on psychological tests for their concepts
D) may serve E) would serve
B) it is meant to represent how generally intelligent you are based on your performance 21. A) on
B) at
C) above
D) with
E) for
C) some psychologists come up with a test of mental abilities D) common measuring factors of intelligence include memory, attention and concentration
22. A) unless
B) so
D) yet
E) also
C) then
E) the first and most popular form of intelligence is called the two-factor theory
YDS 2017 MİNİ DENEME 3 1. In most developing countries, agriculture sector receives only 2% of total central government ---despite its significantly higher contribution to GDP and rural employment. A) diversity
B) requirement
D) dimension
E) influence
C) expenditure
2. The most fruitful research ---- directly with language education in terms of social class differences was conducted by English sociologist Basil Bernstein. A) retiring
B) defying
D) dealing
E) composing
C) disturbing
3. The Earth's ozone layer ---- all life from the sun's harmful radiation, but recent human activities have damaged this shield. A) assumes
B) demands
D) depletes
E) protects
C) causes
B) assess
D) disease
E) deficiency
C) mistake
5. Life coaching has the potential to help people ---work-related stress in several circumstances of the working environment. A) look up D) set off
B) cope with E) turn off
C) grow up
6. The cost of everything from metals and minerals to commodities such as sugar, tea, and petrol ---dramatically in the first half of 2012. A) went up D) broke out
B) gave up E) died out
A) formed / including B) has been formed / to include C) having been formed / included D) is formed / was including E) forming / having included
8. China’s rapid growth in trade ---- as an advantage for the Southeast Asian nations, because it ---- spur the development across the region. A) see / helping B) was seen / to help C) is seen / helps D) must see / has to help E) used to see / having helped
9. An international research team ---- of several eminent scholars ---- a study into the effects of climate change and global warming on the world. A) consisted / had conducted B) to consist / to be conducted C) is to consist / conducts
4. An essential element for all living organisms, zinc is necessary for humans, and zinc ---- is characterized by growth retardation and impaired immune function. A) disaster
7. The British boys band Beatles ---- in Liverpool in 1960, ---- at that time John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Pete Best.
C) wiped out
D) would consist / has to conduct E) consisting / has conducted
10. One of the great advances ---- astronomy ---- the past decade has been the discovery of planets outside our solar system. A) in / over
B) through / at
D) under / by
E) with / on
C) in / to
11. Tobacco was first used ---- Native Americans and began to be cultivated ---- eight thousand years ago in South America. A) at / behind
B) for / with
D) of / across
E) off / from
C) by / about
12. The mouth is the first part of human digestive system, where food is broken and chewed ---- it can easily be swallowed. A) so that
B) once
D) as if
E) in that
C) so long as
YDS 2017 MİNİ DENEME 3 13. ---- many countries in the world follow the spirit of cooperation, there are still disputes over territory that remain unresolved.
19. Even though Turkey possesses a huge solar power energy potential, ----. A) Denmark was leading in the world in solar technology
A) Hence
B) When
E) Even so
D) Before
C) Although
B) most of the industrial world is slow to recognize the benefits of wind C) it still produces far less than other European countries
14. Bosporus is an extremely important strait ---geographical location, economics, and military matters. A) much as
B) now that
D) in case
E) in terms of
D) hydroelectric power is another renewable energy resource E) there must be a drop of 7% in the gas emissions
C) rather than
20. Unless you have a photographic memory, ----. A) human brain is superior in terms of its ability to create
15. When we think of war films, we often think that they are filmed in Vietnam and Europe, ---- the location for these films is generally United States.
B) it will be impossible to remember every detail you learn, so repetition is vital C) the notion of a photographic memory is a new concept
A) only if
B) as if
D) thus
E) but
C) given that D) most of us do have a kind of photographic memory E) these memories seem to result from innate abilities
16. Power companies windareas turbines in isolated and sparsely install populated ---- migratory and residential wildlife is least affected. A) where
B) whom
D) for who
E) when
C) by which
21. Women are more attuned to words and sounds, and are good at learning languages, ----. A) so they perceive pain more intensely than men B) but children generally have better memory than adults C) men have a brain wired for risk-taking D) yet bilingual people have better chance in life E) whereas men tend to have a harder time expressing emotions verbally
17. ---- does geology provide a better understanding of the Earth’s evolution and its present features, but it also serves society in a variety of practical ways. A) Either
B) Since
D) Unless
E) Nor
C) Not only
22. Although there is no standard definition for a smartphone, ----. A) it is a mobile phone with advanced functions
18. ---- the bloody civil war, many airlines are able to maintain an international flight schedule into and out of Congo, a country located in Africa. A) Despite
B) Once
D) While
E) Whereas
C) Although
B) the first smartphone had a calendar, a calculator, and fax capabilities C) its applications are not often included when you buy it D) whether the smartphone will simply be a computer in the future is not certain E) the number of people using smartphones rises every day
MİNİ YDS DENEME_30 SORU
ARTI DİL KURSU
1. More efficient printing methods led to a — growth of 9. The Etruscans, who ---- a great part of Italy about newspapers in the U.S. during the 19th century. 900 BC, ---- from Asia Minor.
A) dense D) current
B) loyal E) rapid
C) basic
2. Tobacco was first used by Native Americans and began to be — about eight thousand years ago in South America.
A) cultivated B) reduced C) implemented D) discussed E) irrigated
3. Reducing tea and coffee intake can ---- produce undesirable side effects such as headaches, but they fade away in a short time.
A) reluctantly D) initially
B) entirely E) nearly
C) subsequently
4. When a person becomes infected by a virus, he becomes — to other diseases since the immune system is busy with fighting the virus.
A) peculiar
B) vulnerable
D) threshold
E) swift
C) bitter
5. During the colonial era in a year, approximately 250,000 tons of cotton yields were ---- in the USA.
A) planted D) curbed
B) diminished E) harvested
C) wiped
6. Petroleum is one of the most valuable natural ---- in the world, and it may be described as the lifeblood of industrialized countries.
A) sculptures
B) consumers
D) resources
C) deficits
E) districts
7. Astronomers ---- the sky with telescopes that
A) had colonised / srcinally came B) colonised / had originally come C) were colonised / have srcinally come D) have colonised / srcinally come E) were colonising / mightsrcinally come
10. Unless the embargo imposed on us ---- in the near future, we ---- for any economic recovery.
A) was lifted / could not hope B) is lifted / cannot hope C) were to lift / would not hope D) lifts / do not hope E) has lifted / had hoped
11. When the Italian astronomer Giovanni ---- a map of Mars in 1877, he ---- a large number of straight linear features, which he called canali.
A) publishes / has noted B) had published / was noting C) has published / notes D) published / noted E) would have published / had noted
12. As the current decade ---- to gradually lose power, Morris ---- as the greatest c horeographer of our time.
A) has begun / had stood B) will begin / is standing C) was beginning / has stood D) begins / stands E) is beginning / has been standing
13. In the past few months, our director ---- more merit than most people ---- in t heir entire career.
A) had shown / have done B) showed / would do C) shows / did D) was showing / may have done E) has shown / do
gather not only visible light but also invisible forms of energy, such as radio waves. 14. Post offices do not have enough space to cope ---the tremendous increase ---- demand for PO boxes. A) facilitate B) observe C) urge
D) appeal
A) with / in D) for / upon
E) strive
8. Microsoft's CEO Bill Gates ---- his first software company at age 15 with his schoolmate Paul Allen.
A) put out
B) brought up
D) worked out
B) on / of C) up / for E) through / from
15. The works of the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates consist ---- about 70 works, ---- which only a relatively small number are possible by him.
C) set up
E) showed off
A) of / of D) at / about
B) in / for E) by / within
C) for / in
MİNİ YDS DENEME_30 SORU
16. ---- the past 50 or 60 years, foreshadowing technique has been widely used ---- various authors and filmmakers.
A) Over / by
B) By / on
C) At / about
D) Since / from
E) Through / in
17. ---- the car is equipped with a sophisticated protection system, you know you are fully protected.
A) Until
B) Even if D) Whereas
C) Although
B) Unless
D) However
24. Great natural disasters cause ---- widespread death ---- massive social disruption and outbreaks of epidemic disease.
A) much / than C) not only / but also E) no sooner / than
25. ---- the Civil War, those years turned out to be golden era for the magazine industry.
A) Despite D) While
26. More importantly, Dobson's book is a reminder of ---- powerful and radical critical thinking can be.
A) ever so D) much more
B) So that
A) but
B) so
C) as E) once
28. When the comet fragments plunged into Jupiter's atmosphere,----.
B) the less / than
C) the least / of
C) wherever
C) As if
E) Unless
20. Some anthropologists think that man today is ---competitive ---- he was thousands of years ago.
A) much / as
B) how far E) just how
27. In the 19th century, one could grasp a field with a little reading, ---- in these days, excelling in science and literature is much harder and more demanding.
D) when D) Although
B) Obviously C) Although E) Nevertheless
C) Since
E) As though
19. ---- Charles Dickens himself had a very hard childhood, he wrote novels that contain humour and happy endings.
A) If
B) much / that D) as / so
E) Since
18. ---- schools encourage children to read printed books more often, the library, in its traditional form, will eventually disappear.
A) Whenever
ARTI DİL KURSU
D) little / as
E) more / than
A) it has a speed of over 200,000 kilometers per hour B) the same thing can happen to Earth C) they exploded, and released the energy of around 50,000 H bombs D) Jupiter has been struck at least four times over the past 100 years E) Earth must be guarded against a similar attack
29. As the chess-playing computer Deep Blue can 21. In 2002, ---- Australia’s Great Barrier Reef was hit assess 36 billion moves in three minutes, ----. hard by unseasonable warming, 95 per cent of its coral was adversely affected. A) chess is far from being a game of chance B) the game had come to an end A) so that B) unless C) when C) there was no room left for the human element D) no one has managed to defeat it D) so long as E) in case E) the game would soon lose its appeal 22. Many of the most important developments in absolute dating ---- World War II have come from the use of “radioactive clocks”.
A) since D) before
B) during E) after
C) until
30. Some people think that government must financially support artists, poets and musicians, ----.
A) as budget deficit in the country is limited to a great extent
B) despite the great appeal to artistic facilities 23. Thanks to the popularity of nature documentaries, most people know that many animals migrate from one C) even if the duty of state is to attach importance to art place to another ---- the seasons c hange. A) so that B) even though D) whether E) as
C) in case
D) he fails to keep in touch with the administration E) whereas others argue that money should be spent on other issues
MİNİ YDS DENEME_50 SORU 1. When China suddenly stopped exporting materials essential to the manufacture of various technologies, sudden shortages ---- to restrict the growth of a wide range of industries.
ARTI DİL KURSU 8. A new type of airport X-ray scanner ---- lately by an innovative company ---- the contents of bottles. A) has been built / to detect B) was built / to have detected
A) witnessed
B) threatened
D) enabled
C) deserved
E) encouraged
C) will be built / being detected D) had been built / having detected E) is built / to be detected
2. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which enables them to carry oxygen from the lungs and ---- it to all parts of the body. A) contribute
B) organize
D) transform
E) guide
C) deliver
9. If Atatürk ---- his country to victory in the War of Independence, Turkey ---- only as an inland state in central Anatolia. A) would not have led / had survived
3. The salary ---- between men and women in Britain is still an outrageous situation in 2010 a nd makes us ask: “Is it ever right for men to be paid more than women?”
B) did not lead / survived C) had not led / would have survived D) has not led / would survive
A) amount
B) gap
D) rate
E) policy
C) right
E) would not lead / will have survived
4. The notion of secularism refers to ---- of state affairs from religious beliefs and doctrine.
10. ---- African nations got their independence, the first thing they did was to change place names in their countries.
A) separation D) neglect
A) Just as
B) fragile E) approach
C) reject
5. The fuel used b y ships and aircraft to bring food and drink to Britain ---- 4 million tons of CO2 emissions. A) bangs out
B) deals with
B) If
D) Until
C) accounts for
C) Despite E) When
11. It has been four centuries ---- the Catholic Church condemned Galileo Galilei for declaring that the earth revolved around the sun.
D) gets through E) spends up A) whereas
B) since
D) in case
C) because E) unless
6. In Britain, thieves, acting as tourists, ---- a Leonardo da Vinci masterpiece worth around $50 million. A) turned down
B) set out
C) gave off
D) made off with E) put up with
12. The production of a single calorie of meat, depending on ---- it is beef or chicken, requires four to ten calories in animal feed. A) which D) how
B) if
C) whatever
E) whether
7. Physical training ---- muscles in several ways and ---- the functioning of the heart and the respiratory system. A) is altering / has improved B) alters / improves C) had altered / would improve D) altered / must have improved E) has been altering / will improve
13 Some people can easily recover from their disappointments, whereas ---- are depressed by even minor setbacks. A) others D) other
B) the other E) any
C) another
MİNİ YDS DENEME_50 SORU
ARTI DİL KURSU
14. Claims ---- damages resulting ---- climate c hange could leave insurers facing very high bills. A) from / with
B) with / by
D) about / at
E) of / in
C) for / from
15. ---- history, monarchies have been abolished, either through revolutions, legislative reforms, coups, or wars. A) Throughout D) About
B) Beyond E) Beneath
C) Until
Fear of flying refers to a level of anxiety so great that a person refuses to travel (21)---- air or finds doing so extremely distressing. Experts estimate that at least 10% of Americans have such a phobia. They worry that they will crash or even die of their own fear. In extreme cases, an individual suffers a panic attack: a sudden feeling of intense anxiety that is often (22)---- by shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea and dizziness. (23)---- intense fear may prevent a person from travelling to distant destinations on vacation. Also, it (24)---- with the careers of those who have to travel for their jobs. Fortunately, fear of flying can usually be helped by treatments such as hypnosis. (25)----, the most effective technique involves forcing a patient to face what he or she fears the most: flying in a plane.
21. A) at
16. France is a large country and, although it has over 56 million inhabitants, is ---- densel y populated ---- most of its western European neighbors. A) so / that
B) more / as
D) either / or
E) not only / but
C) less / than
B) in case of E) on behalf of
A) neglected
A) Less
B) Until E) Due to
C) improved
E) approved
B) Nor D) Many
C) by means of
18. ---- Italy is described as an industrial state, the economic development has not blessed all parts of the nation in equal fashion.
D) Whether
B) weakened
23.
24.
A) Although
C) into
22. D) accompanied
17. Your level of success in a market economy largely depends on your innate intelligence ---- your efforts. A) owing to D) as well as
B) upon D) towards E) by
C) Such E) Few
A) can interfere B) ought to interfere C) had to interfere D) would have interfered E) used to interfere
C) If
25. A) Whereas C) Otherwise E) However
B) Similarly D) According to
19. Moods differ from emotions and feelings ---- they are less specific, less intense, and less likely to be triggered by a particular stimulus or event. A) such as
B) in that
D) though
E) in spite of
C) owing to
26. ----, modern grand pianos have metal frames with heavier strings and can be played much more loudly. A) Since the only instrument symbolizing the Romantic period is the piano B) Whereas some pianos have a third central pedal like that of a tambourine
20. Insight into the process ---- the human brain came to exist and acquire its remarkable abilities can be gained by studying animals far simpler than humans.
A) which D) whom
B) whose E) by which
C) that
C) Though many orchestral works are arranged for the piano D) While early pianos are largely made of wood and have a delicate sound E) As the glockenspiel piano requires years of training to master
MİNİ YDS DENEME_50 SORU
ARTI DİL KURSU
27. A green vehicle is an eco-friendly motor vehicle ----.
31. Nutritional problems are bound to emerge ----.
A) that produces less harmful impacts on the environment than conventional ones
A) in case a vitamin is an organic nutrient that we must obtain from our diet
B) as long as more research is conducted to develop a new type of vehicle
B) whereby vegetarians have to know how to get all the essential nutrients
C) just as companies have got into fierce competition with one another
C) whether the key to being a healthy vegetarian is to eat a variety of plant foods
D) while most people were concerned about the rising fuel prices
D) when people have to rely on a single type of food
E) since conventional cars can be powered by fossil
E) so that minerals are simply inorganic nutrients, usually required in small amounts
fuels
28. ----, many European countries took a close interest in the New World.
32. Many people think that if they have a good night’s sleep, ----.
A) Since African slaves were chiefly imported for agricultural purposes
A) they will wake up without an alarm and feel rested and refreshed
B) Since explorations across the Atlantic had lasted for decades
B) sleeping seven hours a night is associated with the lowest mortality risk
C) Although the population of Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries rose at a stable rate
C) they are usually sleepy early in the morning even after a full night’s sleep
D) Just as Columbus was of Italian srcin E) After Columbus discovered America in 1492
D) they would have had no trouble remaining awake during the day E) medications for insomnia can’t be effective, compared with non-pharmacological approaches
29. As students in medieval universities advanced in their studies, ----. A) literacy in the Middle Ages was generally limited to the clergy B) the rise of lay education was the most important development in medieval Europe
33. People with anorexia themselves fat, ----.
nervosaimagine
that they are
A) even if they are dangerously underweight C) they were also expected to develop their skills in public speech
B) but among female athletes, anorexia nervosa may be as high as 66 per cent
D) the term “university” srcinally meant a corporation or a guild E) the numbers of those educated at all levels vastly increased in the late Middle Ages
C) because family conflicts often play an important role in the development of anorexia nervosa D) as their first dietary objective is to stop weight loss E) although starvation brings other physical problems
30. ----, the station has been forced to make an effort to win them back. A) At a time when launching a radio station is cheaper B) As young audiences have stopped watching its main television channel C) Even if a channel for young children costs more for each user D) After an alternative rock-station received plenty of promotion E) While most efforts are directed towards finding a new audience
34. Though the UK possesses a third of all Europe's wind energy potential ----. A) Denmark was leading in the world in wind technology B) most of the industrial world had been slow to recognize the benefits of wind C) it still produces far less than other European countries D) hydroelectric power is another renewable energy resource E) there could have been a drop of around 7% in the gas emissions
MİNİ YDS DENEME_50 SORU 35. Recently scientists have been working on substitutes for fossil fuels, ----. A) though Japan had strongly objected to the results B) whether they could have been used in the car industry C) if problems of environmental pollution had not prevented this
ARTI DİL KURSU 38. Piri Reis was a Turkish mariner who lived in the Ottoman Empire during the 16th century. Besides his skills as a great seaman, he was also interested in drawing maps of the places he visited. The details in his map of the coasts of Africa, America, and Northern Antarctica caused great excitement when it was discovered in 1929. What is most striking was that Reis’s map showed Antarctica as it looks underneath the ice-cap. ----
D) unless more money is poured into research on the subject E) as the oil reserves in the world are diminishing rapidly
A) Antarctica was the last continent to be fully discovered and mapped. B) The last time this area was ice-free, however, was at least 6,000 years ago.
36. Scientists are now looking to the computer industry for alternative ways to help Alzheimer’s patients. One approach is centered on a small camera called SenseCam, worn like a necklace that takes photographs automatically throughout the day. ---- Each photograph can help patients remember those things that make up a person’s identity.
C) Piri Reis did his best to let the future generations know how the world looked in his time. D) The map that belonged to Piri Reis was discovered in a museum in Istanbul. E) The discovery of Antarctica by Piri Reis was a very important event.
A) The idea is to use the images not to replace memory but to stimulate it. B) Dozens of groups are now working on pilot tests of the device for memory impairments. C) A video camera may be able to slow the damaging effects of Alzheimer’s disease.
39. Envy is the feeling we get when we want something that belongs to someone else. Mild envy might be socially acceptable, but in the workplace, env y is often more than mild. ---- Some institutions, for instance, suffer so much from envy that it destroys their professional foundation.
D) Some people are skeptical about the device as older people are often against technology. E) The studies on the device show that they have no real practical application.
A) Most workplaces, however, tend to be social institutions. B) In fact, they are quite common but rarely cause problems. C) Indeed, it can be an invisible and destructive force. D) When envy occurs, people tend to work even harder. E) Just what causes so much envy is an area to be investigated.
37. Madagascar is renowned for its extraordinary animals, particularly lemurs, a group of primates extinct elsewhere on the planet. ---- The island was one of the last places on earth to be settled by people, receiving its earliest migrants in the middle of the first millennium. Moreover, despite Madagascar’s proximity to Africa – 400 km at the closest point – those settlers have long been suspected of having arrived from the Malay islands – modern Indonesia – more than 6,000 km away.
40. Aelius Hadrianus was the emperor of Rome from AD 117 until his death in AD 138. He pursued a policy of non-expansion, especially during the late years of his reign, and reinforcement after the vast conquests of his predecessor Trajan’s reign. ---- He travelled more widely than any other emperor, and strengthened both the arm y and Roman rule in the co nquered lands.
A) Its history of human settlement, though, is equally unusual. B) Madagascar is quite an interesting holiday destination.
A) For most of his reign, he was challenged by many other emperors.
C) The Islanders’ culture includes elements that are characteristically Asian.
B) It was defended by 16 military camps and other smaller fortifications.
D) There were many Malay expeditions across the Indian Ocean.
C) He was adopted by the emperor Trajan, whom he succeeded.
E) It is likely that a successful colonization would have been followed by others.
D) It was damaged by the Picts on several occasions and abandoned in about 383 AD. E) This practice was aimed at strengthening the boundaries of the empire.
MİNİ YDS DENEME_50 SORU
ARTI DİL KURSU
41. Jack: - I never knew you were an urban explorer. Is that what you were doing at the weekend?
44. As inhabitants of one of earth’s most densely populated continents, Europeans know well that environmental protection is not a luxury, but rather a necessity.
Sam: - Yes, I've been doing it for about a year now. Jack: - ----. Sam: - I just love the thrill of exploring, especially in the abandoned tunnels under the s treets.
A) Living in one of the world’s most densely-populated continents, Europeans are well aware that they need to protect the environment.
A) It sounds like a thrilling experience. Is it scary?
C) It is necessary for Europeans to stop living in luxury and start taking more responsibility for the protection of the European continent.
B) How long have you been exploring such places? C) Is it just something to do at the weekend?
B) Fewer people live on the European continent than anywhere else, and for this reason they know that they have a duty to protect the environment.
D) Of all the densely-populated continents on earth, Europe is the one that is in most need of environmental protection.
D) In your opinion, which is the best city to go urban exploring? E) So you explore old forgotten places in our cities. Why do you do it?
E) The luxury of protecting the environment can no longer be applied to earth’s continents, particularly in the case of Europe.
45. The British are not actually more modest than other nations, but they do have a set of social rules that include maintaining a front of modesty at all times. 42. Sinan: - I’ve got a physics exam tomorrow and I’m really nervous. Cem: - ---Sinan: - That’d be great! Cem: - OK, see you later. A) Why do you always get so nervous? B) Has the teacher given you any study notes? C) What do you plan to do about it? D) Would you like to study together this evening? E) Didn’t you have a physics exam yesterday?
43. For decades, Latin America’s importance in the world has been decreasing – it is not an economic powerhouse, a security threat or a population bomb. A) Due to the lack of security and the population explosion in Latin America, it can no longer be considered an important player on the world stage.
A) Modesty is maintained by the British through the observation of strict rules that have always been of great importance throughout history. B) Although not necessarily more modest than others, the social rules they have show that it is important for British people to appear modest. C) Besides the fact that most British people are modest, they also have more social rules than other nations. D) Other nations may actually be more modest than the British despite not having a set of social rules. E) For the British, it is important that they are viewed as the most modest nation in the world since they have a set of strict social rules.
46. Today, we are more prosperous and have better relationships across the generations than ever before. A) I think people today have more money than they used to, but inter-generational relationships have suffered as a consequence.
B) Latin America has become increasingly less important in the world because its economy is shrinking, its population is exploding and it is no longer a security threat.
B) In the past there used to be more prosperity and better intergenerational communication.
C) Over the past few decades, globally there has been recognition that Latin America is slowly gaining a place in the world economy despite its shrinking population.
C) People these days are better off financially and there is better communication between different age groups than at any time in the past.
D) For many years now, Latin America has become less important and poses no threat economically, security-wise or in terms of over-population.
D) These days we are better at establishing trust between people than we used to be, but we may lack funds.
E) Recently, Latin America has lost its global importance in terms of its economic power and population, but it is still a potential security threat.
E) Nowadays people think that relationships and trust between generations are more important than wealth.
MİNİ YDS DENEME_50 SORU
ARTI DİL KURSU
47. (I) Tourism takes people to new places and broadens their understanding and knowledge of other cultures and environments. (II) This is an educational process and is an important part of the industry. (III) New sporting venues, entertainment facilities, and restaurants are just some of the many positive side-effects that tourism creates for the local population. (IV) If directed properly, this education can lead to a greater awareness, sympathy and admiration for other societies. (V) This cultural exchange can help foster peace among different cultures.
50. (I) The world’s most ambitious solar power project is scheduled to begin in Morocco. (II) The plan is to use solar panels across the Sahara Desert to make use of the Sun’s rays, which shine there all year round. (III) The destination seems to be ideal for a holiday in the sun. (IV) Because North Africa’s sunlight is so intense, solar panels used by this project could generate up to three times the electricity produced by similar projects in Northern Europe. (V) By 2050, this system could supply 15-20% of Europe’s electricity requirements.
A) I
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
48. (I) In the 20th century, the new science of psychology seemed to challenge the idea of free will. (II) However, brain scanners and our ability to interpret them are extremely useful. (III) Freud’s theory of unconscious drives suggested that the causes of some of our actions are not what we think they are. (IV) And then along came neuroscience, which is often thought to diminish the importance of free will even more. (V) The more we find out about the workings of the brain, the less room there seems to be in it for any kind of autonomous, rational self. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
49. (I) The biggest industrial project on the Kenyan coast will be to the north in the Lamu region. (II) At a spot now occupied by a Kenya-US naval base, a super-port capable of handling huge container ships is due to be built. (III) A motorway and railway will move its goods to Ethiopia and Uganda, and oil will flow the other way. (IV) On arid land now inhabited by the hunter-gatherer Boni people, a new city will arise with 2 million people and an international airport. (V) Kenya’s population has grown from 8 million in 1963 to 43 million today, and incomes are rising steadily.
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
2016 YDS Mini Deneme 55 soru
1. Scientists urge national leaders to ---- climate change, based on the idea that all nations should take steps for the success of prevention efforts.
8. By 2005, when the Bush administration ---- to join the EU’s negotiations with Iran, the pressure on Iran ---- by western powers.
A) infer D) tackle
A) agreed / had been decreased B) had agreed / decreased C) was agreed / had been decreased D) would agree / may have decreased E) has agreed / would have to decrease
B) develop E) influence
C) malady
2. An innovative technique has been developed to ---sugars in seaweed into a fuel that can be used to power cars.
A) convert D) separate
B) instant E) weird
C) curb
3. Astronomers have reputation for great discoveries: new planets and galaxies on the edge of the universe, but now they are on the trail of the most ---- discovery of all: a completely new universe beyond our own.
A) severe D) endemic
B) notable E) hostile
9. Lately, researchers ---- a series of RNA biomarkers in blood that ---- to develop a test to predict the risk of a person to commit suicide.
A) have discovered / could be used B) discovered / can be used C) had discovered / were used D) discover / may be used E) are discovering / has been used
C) reluctant 10. UNESCO seeks to encourage the protection and preservation of cultural and natural heritage all ---- the world that is considered to be ---- outstanding value to humanity.
4. Ancient Mayan manuscripts mention catastrophes striking the Earth with ---- consequences; and all regard these disasters as divine punishment.
A) around / of D) upon / at
A) civilized D) inadequate
11. The United Nations Security Council acted to
B) desperate E) devastating
B) among / with C) across / against E) with / by
C) talented tighten sanctions ---- Iran in response to the country’s uranium-enrichment activities, which Tehran says are ---- peaceful purposes.
5. An initiative was founded six weeks ago to encourage America’s richest families to ------ money to society’s most urgent problems.
A) abide by D) make out
B) put back E) account for
A) beside / on D) against / for
B) over / from E) from / at
C) through / in
C) give away 12. More elaborate designs for the emblem of the 2014 Winter Olympics were considered, but ----, organizers eventually decided to use a simpler and more “futuristic” design.
6. Recovering from malaria on the remote Indonesian island of Halmahera, the young British biologist ---- an idea that would transform humanity’s view of itself.
A) even D) indeed
A) fell behind with C) made away with
13. Unfortunately, national and international
B) went in for D) looked down on
E) came up with
7. After ---- to a hospital in nearby Moutiers, last week Schumacher ---- to a bigger trauma unit in Grenoble, 80 miles away.
A) evacuating / transferred B) evacuated / is being transferred C) having been evacuated / was transferred D) having evacuated / had been transferred E) being evacuated / has transferred
B) either E) besides
C) instead
organizations are ill pandemic prepared to exploit e-health systems ---- a major disease.
A) despite B) due to C) by means of D) in the event of E) in order to
14. The costs of maintaining US military superiority are substantial, ---- by historical standards, they are exceptionally small.
A) therefore D) however
B) in addition E) accordingly
C) correspondingly
2016 YDS Mini Deneme 55 soru
15. Banks contract for a security interest over the assets of a company ---- they may seize the company’s property directly to satisfy debts.
A) even though D) much as
B) so that E) just as
C) as if
16. The EU and the US urged Syrian government to negotiate a peaceful end to the conflict; ------, they would introduce sanctions against those responsible for the violence.
A) otherwise C) therefore E) afterwards
B) furthermore D) consequently
created his first electric lamp, and in so doing, received much praise. People realized that Edison’s invention was not affected by rain or wind, remaining constant through bad weather. (26) ---- he had predicted, Edison provided people with light and laughter.
Ancient astronauts or ancient aliens, also known as paleocontact hypothesis, are purported intelligent extraterrestrial beings said (17) ---- Earth in antiquity or prehistory and made contact with humans. (18) ----suggest that this contact influenced the development of human cultures, technologies, and religions. A common variant of the idea is that deities from most, if not all, religions are actually extraterrestrials, and their (19) ---- technologies were wrongly understood by primitive men as evidence (20) --- their divine status. These proposals have been popularized, particularly in the latter half of the 20th century, by writers such as Erich von Däniken, Giorgio A. Tsoukalos, (21) ---- the idea that ancient astronauts existed is not taken seriously by most academics, and has received little or no credible attention in peer reviewed studies. 17. A) to visit B) visiting C) visited D) to have visited E) having been visited
18. A) Believers D) Doubts
Thomas Edison began conducting experiments during his childhood. To start with, there were hundreds of unsuccessful experiments, but Edison eventually invented and patented 2,500 items, (22) ---- the electric lamp and phonograph. He was determined to “give laughter and light” to people, but, until he actually managed to do so, most people ridiculed him. (23) ---- losing hope, Edison attempted over 1,000 unsuccessful experiments in his efforts to make an electric lamp. When people told him he was (24) ---- his time, energy, and money for nothing, Edison exclaimed, “For nothing! Every time I make an experiment, I get new results. Failures are stepping stones to success.” Determined to give people electric lamps, Edison said he (25) ---- his goal by early 1880. In 1879, he
22. A) such as D) so that
B) in order to E) more than
C) if not
23. A) Onto D) Between
B) Into E) Among
C) Without
24. A) urging
B) retarding
C) complying
D) seizing
E) wasting
25. A) had been met B) would meet C) will meet D) might have met E) is meeting
26. A) In that D) Just as
B) Undertakers E) Foes
B) Nevertheless E) Given that
C) Even so
C) Addicts 27. Even if efforts to reverse increasing global
19. A) advanced C) dull
warming focus on its environmental impacts, -----.
B) redundant D) fatal
A) these should be projected far before they srcinated E) unanimous B) the soaring temperatures has now the potential to threaten all the species on earth
20. A) in D) beneath
B) amid E) upon
C) of
C) most of them often miss its so-called economical effects over societies D) governments would respond to the occurrence different
21. A) so
B) but
C) for
D) or
E) lest
E) they are usually bound to its srcins rather than effects
2016 YDS Mini Deneme 55 soru
28. Highly social people enjoy novel experiences and meeting strangers, ----.
31. Although creativity has long been considered a gift of a select minority, ----.
A) as these physiological and cognitive variations are likely to correlate with political preference.
A) journalists in particular can come up with effective techniques that break down people’s established viewpoints
B) therefore high scores in aversive behavior also correlate with autistic spectrum disorders C) now that people with a diagnosis of anxiety suffer increased perceptions of threat and sensations of disgust D) whereas others may feel aggression, suspicion and anxiety when confronted with surprises and foreigners. E) when patients with negative parents are sent to a hostel instead of being sent home
B) psychologists are now revealing its seeds in mental processes that all of us undergo such as decision-making C) idea generation is indeed the first important stage of srcinality, which helps in the workplace a lot D) the contributions of creative thought can directly translate into career advancement as well as financial rewards E) researchers discovered the mysteries of exceptional creativity exhibited by the artists of the Enlightenment
29. Some of the world’s wealthiest companies have figured out ways to avoid paying enormous amounts of taxes, ------.
A) just as others with a high profile failed to fulfill annual projections set a year before B) if they are to make a profit by means of mergence into a wider corporation C) since they hire ingenious lawyers and qualified accountants to deal with such an undertaking
32. ----, Pythagoras also developed both scientific and eccentric theories about the physical universe.
A) Even if new inventions had replaced the tools that were used in prehistoric times B) Since he was favored neither by the public nor by any influential government authorities C) Despite having computed the distance between the Sun and the Moon
D) even though the global firms selling household appliances are facing such an economic investment
D) Because Greece was threatened by an invading army
E) when influential individuals also pour lots of money into shaping a global system that they will hope to benefit from
E) In addition to figuring out useful things related to triangles
30. In addition to health issues regarding developing malignant tumors, ------.
A) safety concerns have also been raised with respect to the use of wireless handsets B) no scientific evidence currently establishes a definite link between wireless device use and cancer C) wireless device use may not be directly linked to cancer and other illnesses D) wireless devices enable communication which doesn’t not require a permanent connection E) science has not been able to identify any harmful effects resulting from wireless handsets
33. Many scientists maintain that susceptibility to autism is inherited, ----.
A) as certain autistic individuals display incredible talents in very specific domains B) whether there is a connection between the illness and newly discovered class of nerve cells C) so an autistic child prefers to be alone and resists change D) whereas environmental risk factors also seem to play a role in the development of the disease E) once physicians have developed better ways to diagnose and successfully treat the disorder
2016 YDS Mini Deneme 55 soru
34. Stress and worry are common triggers for insomnia, ----.
A) if it contributes to daytime tiredness that could be responsible for accidents B) thus people who are struggling with such issues are particularly vulnerable to it C) while attempts to restore a normal sleep pattern through exercise may fail D) as sufferers try to follow a routine by going to sleep and getting up at the same time E) but it is doubtless that it would affect many children and their parents as well
35. Unless the required documentation showing the criminal record of the candidate is provided, ----.
A) the applications for the vacant post will not be processed
37. Despite not having had polio cases in Turkey since 1998, nearly one million children below the age of five living in the cities bordering Syria have been vaccinated because of the cases observed in Syria.
A) 1998’den beri Türkiye’de çocuk felci vakası ile karşılaşılmamıştır, ancak Suriye’de ortaya çıktığı gözlemlenince sınıra yakın şehirlerdeki beş yaş altı çocuklar aşılanmıştır. B) Türkiye’de en son çocuk felci vakası 1998 yılında görülmüştür, ancak Suriye’de ortaya çıkan vakalar sebebiyle sınır şehirlerde yaşayan beş yaş altı bir milyon çocuk tekrar aşılanması talep edilmiştir. C) 1998’den beri çocuk felci vakası ile karşılaşılmamış olmasına rağmen, Türkiye’nin Suriye sınırındaki bölgelerde ikamet eden beş yaşındaki bir milyon çocuk, Suriye’de ortaya çıkan vakalardan sonra aşılanmıştır. D) Suriye sınırlarındaki Türk şehirlerinde 1998’den beri çocuk felci vakası görülmemesine rağmen, Suriye’de görülen vakalardan sonra bu bölgede yaşayan bir milyon çocuğun aşılanması kararı alınmıştır. E) Türkiye’de 1998’den beri çocuk felci vakası olmamasına rağmen, Suriye sınırındaki şehirlerde yaşayan beş yaşın altındaki yaklaşık bir milyon çocuk, Suriye’de gözlemlenen vakalardan dolayı aşılanmıştır.
B) most of them will be available in the rest of the year C) the candidate will have a chance to attend seminars all through the years D) they have gained the opportunity to master their skills to a great extent E) the applications will have been completed successfully
38. U.N. scientists have recently made a huge stride in the developing fusion energy that promises a nearly inexhaustible energy source for future generations.
A) Gelecek nesiller için bitmez tükenmez bir enerji kaynağı arayışı içerisinde olan BM bilim adamları, füzyon enerjisini geliştirme konusunda önemli bir gelişme kaydettiklerini bildirmişlerdir.
36. A regimen of mineral supplements should be discontinued, ----.
B) BM bilim adamları gelecek nesiller için neredeyse tükenmez bir enerji kaynağı vadeden füzyon enerjisini geliştirme konusunda son zamanlarda büyük bir adım atmışlardır.
A) if it has negative results in terms of one’s health B) now that clinics work with health care practitioners who recommend minerals
C) Son zamanlarda füzyon enerjisi üzerinde çalışan BM bilim adamları, bunun gelecek nesiller için tükenmez bir enerji kaynağı olacağını vaat etmektedirler.
C) when the chronic symptoms of an illness are described in detail
D) BM bilim adamlarının son zamanlarda geliştirdiği füzyon enerjisi, gelecek nesillere neredeyse tükenmez bir enerji kaynağı sağlamaktadır.
D) whether the patient has regular follow-up visits to maintain his good health E) while a blood test can warn the practitioner before things get worse
E) Gelecek nesillerin enerji ihtiyacının neredeyse tamamını karşılayabileceği vaat edilen füzyon enerjisi BM bilim adamları tarafından son zamanlarda geliştirilmiştir.
2016 YDS Mini Deneme 55 soru
39. Thanks to animal rights activists’ demands, the penalty for killing animals through torture will be increased to two years sentence in prison with a new legal amendment.
41. Açık artırmacıların rapor ettiği kadarıyla, Nazi lideri Adolf Hitler imzalıMein “ Kampf”’ın ender iki kopyası, Los Angeles’ta yapılan bir aç ık artırmayla 64,850 dolara satıldı.
A) Hayvan hakları savunucularının talepleri sayesinde, hayvanları işkence yaparak öldürmenin cezası yeni bir yasal düzenlemeyle iki yıl hapis cezasına çıkarılacak.
A) As far as the auctioneers reported, two rare copies of “Mein Kampf” signed by the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler were sold for $64,850 in an auction carried out in Los Angeles.
B) Hayvanlara işkence yapıp onların ölümüne sebep olan insanların iki yıl hapis cezasına çarptırılması insan hakları savunucuları tarafından talep edilmektedir.
B) The two rare copies of “ Mein Kampf”, written and signed by notorious Nazi leader Adolf Hitler were released for $64,850 by the auctioneers in Los Angeles.
C) Hayvan hakları savunucuları, hayvanları işkence
C) “Mein Kampf” was the book written by the Nazi leader
yoluyla öldüren insanların cezalarının arttırılmasını talep ettikleri için, yasal düzenlemelerle hapis cezası süresi iki yıla çıkarılmıştır.
Adolf Hitler and two rare copies signed by him were auctioned in Los Angeles and sold for $64,850.
D) Hayvan hakları savunucuları, hayvanlara işkence eden insanların daha ağır cezalar almalarını talep etmişlerdir, bu yüzden yasal düzenlemeler ile iki yıl hapis cezasına çıkarılma kararı alınmıştır. E) Hayvanlara işkence eden insanların hapse atılmasını talep eden hayvan hakları savunucuları, yasal düzenlemeler ile bu kişilerin iki yıl hapse atılmasını sağlamışlardır.
D) The auctioneers sold the last two copies of “Mein Kampf”, which were both signed by the Nazi Leader Adolf Hitler for $64,850 in Los Angeles. E) According to what the auctioneers reported, the two copies of Adolf Hitler’s book “Mein Kampf” were sold in the auction in Los Angeles for $64,850.
42. Bakırın yakın Doğu’daki ilk kullanımı 6000 yıl kadar önce, metalden mızrak, ok başı ve keski gibi aletler üreten Sümerlilere dayanmaktadır. 40. 2013 Kasım ayının resmi verilerine göre, Türkiye’nin işsizlik oranı geçen yılın a ynı dönemi ile karşılaştırıldığında yüzde 9.9 artmıştır.
A) The earliest use of copper in the Near East comes from the Sumerians who manufactured tools such as spears, arrowheads and chisels from the metal as early as 6000 years ago.
A) The unemployment rate of Turkey was compared with the rates of the previous year and an 9.9 increase was observed according to the research done on November 2013.
B) Sumerians manufactured spears, arrowheads and chisels by using the copper for the first time nearly 6000 years ago in the Near East.
B) Turkey’s unemployment rate has been reported to have increased to 9.9 according to official data of November 2013.
C) Sumerians first used copper to manufacture tools such as spears, arrowheads and chisels in the Near East about 6000 years ago.
C) When compared ratesofficially of the previous year, the unemployment ratestoofthe Turkey increased to 9.9 on November 2013.
D) In theinNear East, Sumerians were the as firstspears, to have used copper making tools from metals such arrowheads and chisels as back as 6000 years ago.
D) According to the official data of November 2013, Turkey’s unemployment rate increased to 9.9 percent compared to the same period of the previous year.
E) The earliest use of cooper in the Near East can be traced back as early as 6000 years ago by Sumerians who manufactured spears, arrowheads and chisels.
E) According to the data published by official bodies, the unemployment rate in Turkey increased by 9.9 after November 2013.
2016 YDS Mini Deneme 55 soru
For decades, nets and sprays have been the only effective methods for controlling the mosquitoes that cause malaria. However, Spanish chemist Pilar Mateo thinks she can do better with her invention of embedding pesticides in microcapsules stirred into house paints at her Valencia company. The insecticides are released from the paint slowly, remaining effective for two to four years, while sprays need to be reapplied at least every six months. “The paint acts like a vaccine for houses,” she says. The amounts of pesticides released from the paint are harmless to people but are devastating to insects, according to the tests made by scientists. The paint has already been approved for use in fifteen countries, including China and England. Mateo is seeking approval in the US and a recommendation from the World Health Organization. She says she has received offers to buy her patent but refuses to sell out. Instead, her new venture, another company in Africa, will produce it commercially at a factory in Ghana and employ a great number of workers. “By taking production outside Spain, we can reduce the cost and make it more accessible,” she says. Her idea is to sell the paint as an affordable alternative to sprays. After years of donating paint to poor people in Latin America, Mateo wants to fund her broader humanitarian efforts. “It’s not just the insects that are the problem”, she says, “It’s the poverty.”
44. According to the passage, the paint ----.
A) reveals different results in some parts of the world needs B) to be stirred well before application has a long-lasting C) effect when compared to sprays every D) releases pesticides six months E) should be used in houses where people have been vaccinated
45. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.
A) the paint may not be as common as sprays, since they have long been in use for pest control B) Mateo will also contribute to the economy of a less well-off nation with her new project C) greater amounts of pesticides are required in Latin American countries D) the use of the paint will be restricted to fifteen countries around the world
43. According to the passage, Mateo’s invention ----.
A) provides easy application and proves to be more effective than other methods
E) people in poor countries may not be able to afford to buy the paint because of its high cost
B) has been guided by the World Health Organization and initially applied in the US C) is supported primarily by the funds from China and England D) has resulted from a collaborative work of scientists from different countries
46. It can be understood from the passage that Mateo ----.
A) has made important donations to Latin American countries with the help of the US
E) has attracted much attention especially from developed countries
B) is of thought to be the most successful inventor in the field pest control C) has tried to sell her patent, but could not manage to do so D) is the first to make use of microencapsulation technology E) ultimately plans to fight against poverty through her lucrative enterprises
2016 YDS Mini Deneme 55 soru
47. Carrie:
- Did you know that the moon was actually once a part of the Earth? Steven:
- Of course! Didn’t you know that?
49. Although it seems that the media tends to influence mostly just our consumer choices, it also may affect our opinions about the world or specific peoples and races.
A) Since the media is keen to change some of our consumer choices, it will try to manipulate our views concerning the world or particular societies
Carrie:- ---Steven:
- That’s right, especially when you think that the moon looks so barren and the Earth is so rich in life. A) No, I didn’t. I only heard all about it yesterday in physics class. B) Yes, but it is hard to believe how such a lifeless thing was once a part of the Earth. C) I did, and it’s amazing that astronauts have travelled to the moon and back. D) Yes, but I don’t believe it and I don’t think it has been proven by scientists yet.
B) It looks that not only does the media have a tendency to affect mainly our spending options but it is also likely to impress our concepts regarding particular nations and races C) Whereas the media takes no notice our claims about the world or common peoples and races, our consumer options haven’t changed due to these influence D) It is clear that our consumption patterns hardly change in spite of the media’s inclination to influence us, but it is possible that it can have on effect on our outlook for peoples and races E) However hard the media tries to influence all our consumer choices, it will have difficulty to manipulate the way we seen other communities and races.
E) Definitely, and the moon’s craters were initially formed by asteroids crashing into it.
48. Gary:
- These days I’m drinking green tea, which is supposed to help you lose weight. Arnold:
- I don’t think such things work to the same degree on everyone. After all, we’re all different with different metabolisms.
50. In developing countries, the poorest people may face a disproportionate share of health risks related to economic growth.
A) In some developing countries, the most miserable residents are likely to overcome the great health burdens regarding economic development.
Gary:- ---Arnold:
- I guess you have a point. A) What I’m trying to say is that it has lost its flavor. B) Of course. Tea is my favorite beverage, anyway.
C) Since you agree, I’ll treat you to a dinner at a luxurious restaurant. D) Still, you should try it if you want to know whether it works for you or not. E) You’re right. Losing weight has nothing to do with what you eat or drink.
B) The health problems caused by uneven distribution of wealth may lead poor people to undergo some problems in developing nations C) In developed countries, the people with highest poverty are unlikely to suffer from great portion on account of economic advancements.
D) The health resulting from economic may cause thethreats poor people to enjoy the health recession services less in developing countries E) With regard to economic expansion, the most impoverished inhabitants could experience an unequal portion of health dangers in emerging nations.
2016 YDS Mini Deneme 55 soru
51. With the exception of Gulf countries, where internet access is available to broad segments of the population, in many countries of the Arab w orld fewer than a quarter of households have access to this essential tool.
A) As well as many Gulf countries, where internet service is available to some parts of the countries, most households in some countries in Arab peninsula have access to this necessary way as well. B) In few countries of the Arab world more than a three quarters of households do not gain access to World Wide Web, but some Gulf countries lack access to internet, causing most of the population offline. C) Many countries in Arab world regard Internet as having a crucial importance, but in some Gulf countries access to Internet is hindered and many people still lack access to this trivial tool. D) Majority of the residences do not enjoy the internet access in most Arabic countries, apart from Gulf countries, in which a great deal of population is provided with this indispensable service. E) Internet is being provided to large parts of the population in Gulf nations; however, quite of few households in those Arab countries world are expected to gain access it as well.
53. ----. For example, elephants are known as ecosystem engineers for their tendency to push over trees and stomp shrubby areas in the savannah into submission. This keeps forests at ba y, which otherwise would overtake open grasslands. Wolves, on the other hand, are apex predators. They keep other species like deer in check, preventing herbivore populations from getting out of hand. Both elephants and wolves are keystone species, or ones that have a relatively large impact on their environment in relation to their actual population numbers.
A) Animals whether large or small have been adversely influenced by abruptly changing conditions B) Although the lion is considered the king, it fears elephants in open grasslands C) Wolves cannot take down elephants unless they attack in packs of a hundred or more D) Some animals have remarkable influence on their surroundings more than others according to a recent study E) According to a recent study, predators maintain the diversity in African grasslands in many ways 54. Some scientists think that the Earth began hot. According to this theory, the Earth formed from many smaller bodies drawn together by their mutual gravity. As each body hit the Earth, the impact generated heat. ---- That is, the Earth has become much like a baked potato taken from the oven, cooling on the outside, but remaining hot inside because heat leaks very slowly from its interior.
52. The sharp drop in obesity rate among young US children is in part put down to higher incidence of breastfeeding and lower consumption of sugary beverages.
A) This led to the development of Earth’s species.
A) The dramatic fall in obesity rate in young US children is partly attributed to more infants being breastfed and less consumption of drinks containing sugar.
C) Scientists were unsure which heating mechanisms were important and if they needed to interfere with it.
B) The American children are now consuming less sugary drinks and this accounts for the decline in the rate of obesity in US.
B) When the bombardment stopped, the Earth’s surface cooled, but its interior has remained hot.
D) The amount of heat lost depends on the surface area, but the amount of heat contained depends on the volume. E) The shifting of large blocks of the Earth’s surface used to be called continental drift
C) It is believed that a sharp reduction in the obesity rate can be realized less regular consuming morebysugary drinks.breastfeeding and D) There is an abrupt increase in obesity rate among young US children as they consume more sugary drinks and are feed with breast milk. E) The quick rise in breastfeeding and consumption of sugary drinks may pave the way for a sharp decline in obesity for some American children.
55. (I) Amazonia, the Amazon region of Brazil, occupies
an area about half the size of the US and contains the world’s largest rain forest. (II) This vast ecosystem encompasses about a third of all surviving tropical forests on Earth and nurtures thousands of animal and plant species. (III) Like other rain forests around the world, it makes a vital contribution to the global atmospheric balance and is a significant source of medicinal plants. (IV) It is also home to some of the last remaining Stone Age people on the planet. (V) Brazil’s politicians tend to support the expansion of Amazonia’s development rather than the protection of its fragile environment.
MİNİ YDS DENEME_60 SORU
ARTI DİL KURSU
1. The element “zircon” has been important not only for understanding the age of the continents but also for ---- when life on earth first appeared.
7. The air at the top of Mount Everest, which is the world’s highest peak, is so low in oxygen that most people would instantly ---- if they were exposed to it.
A) determining B) approving C) providing D) affording E) supporting
A) pass out
2. As scientific evidence ---- shows, passive smoking is a serious health hazard that can lead to disease in children and nonsmoking adults. A) unfairly B) hopefully C) incompetently D) unremarkably E) clearly
3. Skeptics vigorously criticize any ---- that su pports man-made global warming and yet embrace an y argument that refutes global warming. A) evidence B) verdict C) debate D) nuance E) utility
B) come back
D) set out
C) get off
E) move off
8. The dodo, a now-extinct flightless bird that --- on the island of Mauritius, ---- a symbol of extinction in popular culture since 1960's. A) lived / has become B) has lived / to have become C) will live / to become D) would live / became E) was living / would have become
9. One experiment indicated that just telling a man that he ---- by a female was enough ---- his psychological performance. A) may observe / to hurting B) was observed / to be hurt C) will be observed / hurting D) could observe / hurt E) would be observed / to hurt
4. Infectious diseases continue to claim the lives of the poor across the world, where African children ---- 80 percent of malaria victims w orldwide. A) hand down B) account for C) bring up D) keep up with E) leave off
10. Old Danish, one of the languages of the Vikings who ---- in Britain during the 9th to 11th centuries, ---- a strong influence on development of English.
5. Indo-European peoples began entering Greece in about 2000 BC and ---- new civilizations there.
A) have settled / had had B) had settled / would have C) settle / has D) settled / had E) would settle / will have
A) came out B) looked after C) set up D) got on E) kept away
11. The Maya ---- a very advanced civilization in the jungles of the Yucatan; however, their culture ---- by the time Europeans first arrived in the New World. 6. Many sea creatures live alone from birth, and therefore must ---- solutions to everyday problems without a model to copy. A) take off B) work out C) put up D) pull out E) let out
A) have established / would disappear B) were established / could disappear C) may establish / has disappeared D) will establish / disappears E) established / had disappeared
MİNİ YDS DENEME_60 SORU
ARTI DİL KURSU
12. At their summit, the Hittites ---- all of what ---- now Turkey between the 15th and 13th centuries BC, centered on their capital city of Hattushash.
17. Life srcinated in the sea and evolved there for almost 3 billion years ---- plants and animals began moving onto the land.
A) have owned / was B) owned / is C) had owned / would be D) are owned / will be E) will own / could be
A) because D) but
B) even if C) before E) as if
18. ---- we live and grow, we learn the culture of the society in which we live. A) As
13. English cottage gardens are ideal ---- plant lovers and ---- who just want to see color and plenty of it. A) at / these
B) for / those
D) on / that
E) to / such
D) When
B) Since
C) Even though E) Whereas
C) with / this
19. Some people say cheap air travel is good, ---- it enables ordinary people to travel, yet, others argue that it is bad ---- the environment. A) in spite of / in C) nevertheless / to E) thanks to / below
14. The Ottomans managed to rule ---- more than 600 years ---- a policy of "divide and rule," by making themselves part of the culture of the regions they ruled. A) for / by B) with / on C) from / about D) behind / with E) onto / beneath
15. Answers ---- why some people are more religious than others often focus ---- the role of culture or upbringing. A) into / for
B) at / about
D) to / on
E) across / behind
B) in that / about D) because / for
20. Roughly 100,000 years ago, during the last ice age, wolves migrated from Eurasia to the highlands of ---- is now Ethiopia. A) whose B) whom C) what D) whereby E) who
21. No one knows for certain whether or not people today lie ---- they did in the past. A) so that B) so far as C) as long as D) for so long E) more than
C) below / in
22. The most devastating human impact on environments can be seen on is lands ---- settlers have introduced new animals and plants.
16. The acidity of global surface waters has increased ---- 30% in the last 200 years and this rate of acidification is projected ---- the end of the century to accelerate. A) into / from
B) by / through
D) without / across
C) out of / within
E) on / over
A) which D) to which B) to whom E) whomC) what
23. Human activity has destroyed ---- plant species that collective action is e ssential for the conservation of those that remain. A) more
B) so many C) many more D) the most E) as many
MİNİ YDS DENEME_60 SORU
24. In Renaissance England, though the European influence was strong ---- poetry was c oncerned, the native drama continued to develop and gain popularity. A) as well as B) in that C) so that D) as far as E) in case
ARTI DİL KURSU
28. ---- they vary in their arrangement and in their manner of presenting the material. A) Whether the lives of all such authors are included in biographical reference books B) If the book you want is listed in the catalogue C) Since the table of contents appears at the front of the book
25. ---- , yet it is not possible to go much further
D) Although all good dictionaries contain essentially the same kind of information
without any breakthroughs in battery technology. A) Electric cars don’t make economic sense due to the harsh environmental regulations in force
E) As dictionary compilers do not themselves decide the meaning and spelling of words
B) Electric cars have simply been a technological failure C) Hybrid cars are certainly a step in the right direction D) Any fuel savings resulting from electric or hybrid cars are likely to be offset by the cost of the cars themselves E) One fears that the hybrid car may be yet another technological failure
29. Because energy production exhausts natural resources and causes pollution, ---- . A) we depend upon nature to provide the basics of life, such as food and oxygen B) many resources are used once and then thrown away
26. ---- , street crime in major Asian cities is still less common than in most European cities.
C) modern technical challenges are seldom met by scientists
A) Since the governments are concerned
D) scientists and engineers must work to develop energyefficient processes
B) Because severe measures had been taken
E) engineers must solve problems without even understanding the underlying theory
C) Although it is rising sharply D) If one were to admit it E) Before reliable statistical data can be obtained
30. Meteorites are extraterrestrial rocks with roughly equal amounts of metal and silicates ---- . 27. Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease spread by mosquitoes in tropical areas, ----.
A) because the moon has been studied extensively and has been sampled directly at a few locations
A) if you take anti-mosquito precautions and medication to
B) which have major implications for the collisional history
keep safe
of planetary bodies
B) as long as people can find a cure for it
C) whereby the various planetary and asteroidal bodies in the solar system contain a specific isotopic label
C) but it cannot be transmitted directly from person to person D)since it is the world's second biggest killer after tuberculosis E)even though malaria is potentially a deadly disease
D) so that each meteorite is a small sample of a much larger parent body, probably an unidentified asteroid E) while measurement of the oxygen isotopic composition of the Sun is the highest priority of NASA missions
MİNİ YDS DENEME_60 SORU
31. Some people think that government should financially support painters, poets, musicians, and other artists, ----.
ARTI DİL KURSU
34. Before Freud shed light on dreams and extraordinary role of the subconscious, ----. A) there are many who have grasped their significance
A) because budget deficit in the country is rather limited to a great extent
B) educated people in particular regarded dreams as meaningless and pointless
B) despite the great amount of appeal to artistic facilities by the community
C) many traditional ways of interpreting dreams are being analyzed
C) even if the main duty of the administrators is to attach importance to art
D) the relationship between stress and dreams would surely have been recognized
D) in which case someone in the authority fail to keep in touch with the administration
E) many great writers still draw on the principles of human psychology
E) whereas others argue that money should be spent on other issues
32. As biologists continue to study relationships of the living systems that inhabit our planet, ----. A) metabolic reactions occur continuously in every living organism B) an expanding human population and increased consumer demand for energy, homes and highways are
35. The United Nations officially recognized the greenhouse effect in 1995, ---- . A) when its International Panel on Climate noted that human activity had a huge impact on global warming B) as the economies of developing nations will grow over the next few decades C) if developing nations were exempt from the Kyoto
causing the rapid destruction of vital ecosystems C) energy is required to maintain the precise order that characterizes ecosystems
Agreement D) since the US government announced that it would not participate in Kyoto Agreement
D) research in molecular biology and genetics has caused new insights into disease processes
E) that the participating nations must make large and costly changes in their energy systems
E) they enhance our awareness of our impact on the environment
33. ----, while such African languages as Hausa and Swahili continued to serve the everyday needs of the masses. A) During the colonial era in Africa, English became the shared language of the administration and a Westerneducated élite, B) In colonial Africa, the teaching of English literature is no longer popular C) Modern African writers have found it necessary to adapt certain aspects of English, D) Today, English is the official language of sixteen countries in Africa, E) English as a second language has been taught in Africa for nearly four hundred years,
36. Oxygen, sugars and amino acids are allowed into the brain, ---- . A) as toxins could severely impair the brain’s functioning B) which provided early evidence of the blood-brain barrier C) whereas most other substances are kept out D) that controls which molecules in the bloodstream can enter the brain E) just as no other organ is equally efficient
MİNİ YDS DENEME_60 SORU
37. Africa Report is a weekly TV program ---- .
ARTI DİL KURSU
40. If it were easy to slow down the rate of carbon dioxide build-up in the atmosphere, ----.
A) unless it showcases the very best in Africa A) we should have developed several strategies B) that focuses on business and investment in Africa B) carbon capture would have been just half the job C) though it covers everything from economic reform to rewarding investment opportunities
C) the problem of global warming would not be a serious issue
D) so it has 250 million viewers in Africa alone E) as it is brought to you by the world’s leading business channel
38. ---- , they operate as effective carriers and may pass it on to other birds which are more susceptible. A) Although many migratory birds are immune to the effects of the avian flu virus B) Since many residents of outlying villages have refused to carry out the culling of their chickens to prevent the spread of avian flu
D) 380 molecules per million in our lungs are carbon dioxide E) there is no reason why carbon dioxide should be released into the air
41. Women tend to choose fields of study like education, English, psychology, biology and art history ----. A) if women had lower salaries, less laboratory space and fewer resources B) although women comprise 43 per cent of the workforce, but only 23 per cent of scientists and engineers
C) Despite the fact that the avian flu virus is spread, primarily, by migratory birds D) As symptoms of bird flu in humans are similar to those of common flu E) If the spread of the avian flu virus through populations of wild birds remains unchecked
C) since many experts whosupport study male/female differences provide strong for this idea D) while men are much more interested in physics, mathematics, computer science and engineering E) because there are so few women in the fields of mathematics and physical sciences
39. Although it has been nearly a century since the Titanic sank in the Atlantic Ocean, ----.
42. Pluto was classified as a planet until 2006, ----.
A) a number of stories still continue to be told about the disaster
A) because it was named for the Roman god of the underworld
B) one of the most interesting aspects about the tragic history of the luxurious ship is the mixed passengers on board
B) although the “New Horizons” spacecraft made a voyage there and beyond in 2006
C) volumes of books and a number of films had already been produced D) she was labelled “unsinkable” before her disastrous voyage in April of 1912 E) the ship initially earned fame as the largest luxury ship on the open seas
C) but the International Astronomical Union (IAU) changed its status to that of dwarf planet D) as it is very difficult for astronomers to collect reliable information about it E) while Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are “classical” planets
MİNİ YDS DENEME_60 SORU
ARTI DİL KURSU
43. Since comets appear in the sky without any signal in advance, people in antiquity and especiall y during the Middle Ages believed that they had a special meaning.
45. Bugün Likyalılar hakkında bildiklerimiz, 19. yüzyıl başlarında İngiliz arkeolog Charles Fellows’un onların uygarlığına ilişkin olarak söylediklerinden çok daha fazladır.
A) Kuyruklu yıldızlar gökyüzünde önceden herhangi bir işaret vermeden göründükleri için, eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ boyunca, insanlar onların özel bir anlamı olduğuna inanıyorlardı.
A) Today, we know so much about the Lycians that what the British archaeologist Charles Fellows said in the early 19th century about the Lycian civilization has lost its importance.
B) Eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ’da insanlar, gökyüzünde önceden hiçbir işaret vermeden beliren
B) The British archaeologist Charles Fellows was the first to talk about the Lycians in the early 19th century, but
kuyruklu yıldızların olağandışı bir anlamı olduğuna inanmışlardır.
today we know a lot more about them. C) Today, what we know about the Lycians is far more than what the British archaeologist Charles Fellows said in the early 19th century about their civilization.
C) Kuyruklu yıldızlar eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ’da gökyüzünde herhangi bir işaret vermeden ani olarak göründükleri için, insanlar onların özel bir anlamı olduğuna inanmaktaydı. D) Eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ’da insanların, özel bir anlamı olduğuna inandıkları kuyruklu yıldızlar, gökyüzünde önceden herhangi bir işaret vermeden belirirlerdi. E) Kuyruklu yıldızların önceden bir işaret olmaksızın gökyüzünde görünmeleri, eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ’da insanların onlarda özel bir anlam olduğuna inanmalarına neden olmuştur.
44. Not only has St. Petersburg enough canals to compete with Venice, Amsterdam and Stockholm, but also it is a city of culture, literature and poetry in particular. A) St. Petersburg her ne kadar Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm ile yarışmasına yetecek kadar kanala sahipse de, bir kültür, edebiyat ve özellikle şiir kenti olarak bilinir. B) Bir kültür, edebiyat ve özellikle şiir kenti olan St. Petersburg, aynı zamanda Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm’dekiler gibi kanallara sahiptir. C) St. Petersburg hem sahip olduğu kanallarla, hem de bir kültür, edebiyat ve özellikle şiir kenti olması bakımından Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm ile yarışır. D) St. Petersburg sadece Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm ile yarışmak için yeterli kanallara sahip değil, aynı zamanda özellikle bir kültür, edebiyat ve şiir kentidir. E) Kültür, edebiyat ve özellikle şiir kenti olan St. Petersburg, Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm’deki kanallarla yarışacak kadar olmasa da, yine de yeterli sayıda kanala sahiptir.
D) The Lycians were first studied by the British archaeologist Charles Fellows in the early 19th century, but what we know about their civilization has become much more. E) Although the Lycians were first described by the British archaeologist Charles Fellows in the early 19th century, today we have much broader knowledge of their civilization.
46. Gökbilimciler, Samanyolu gibi büyük galaksilerin, kendilerinden daha küçük olan galaksileri yutarak çok daha büyüdükleri görüşündedirler. A) That large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew even larger through absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves is the opinion of many astronomers. B) The opinion of various astronomers is that the Milky Way and other large galaxies absorbed smaller galaxies and, thus, grew larger. C) Some astronomers have the opinion that, by absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves, large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew extremely large. D) Astronomers are of the opinion that large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew much larger by absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves. E) Astronomers point out that, because large galaxies such as the Milky Way absorbed galaxies smaller than themselves, they grew larger.
MİNİ YDS DENEME_60 SORU
Modern İstanbul owes much of its spirit and beauty to the waters which bound and divide it. There is perhaps nowhere else in town where one can appreciate this more than from the Galata Bridge. Certainly there are other places in İstanbul with more panoramic views, but none where one can better sense the intimacy which this city has with the sea. It is here that the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn meet, forming a site of great beauty, and together flow into the Sea of Marmara. Thus, the visitor to the city is advised to stroll to the Galata Bridge for his first view of the city.
ARTI DİL KURSU
The word “Renaissance” means rebirth or revival, and the idea of such a rebirth began to gain ground in Italy from the fourteenth century onwards. When people of the period wanted to praise a poet or an artist, they said that his work was as good as that of the ancients. For instance, the early Renaissance painter Giotto was praised in this way as a master who had led to a true revival of painting; by this, people meant that his art was as good as that of the famous masters whose work they found praised in the classical Greek and Roman writers.
47. It is emphasized in the passage that the Galata Bridge ---A) is one of the places in İstanbul which visitors prefer to see in the first place
50. According to the passage, the Renaissance ----. A) had already started in Italy before Giotto became famous as a painter
B) is one of the places in İstanbul where a visitor can fully enjoy the overall beauty of the city
B) began as a complete imitation classical Greek and Roman authors
C) offers the most panoramic view of İstanbul, unlike anywhere else in the city
C) was an artistic revival that came into being in Italy in the fourteenth century
D) has always been a very popular meeting place for visitors to İstanbul
D) would not have begun if Giotto had not imitated the ancient masters of painting
E) presents to the visitor the most panoramic views of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn
E) was srcinally inspired by ancient Greek and Roman writings
48. It is clear from the passage that the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn ----.
51. In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact that, in appreciating a Renaissance form of art, ----.
A) contribute enormously to the attractiveness of İstanbul today
A) we ought to have read beforehand the works of classical Greek and Roman writers
B) are two waterways in İstanbul which are of vital importance
B) one should always bear in mind Giotto’s importance as an artist
C) have always been considered to have İstanbul’s most panoramic views
C) the people of Italy in the fourteenth century turned for comparison to Giotto’s works
D) have never been so famous for their beauty as the Galata Bridge
D) the people of the time tended to compare it with its classical example
E) are the only two places in İstanbul which offer the most panoramic views
E) one must be fully familiar with the art practiced by the famous masters of the past
49. In the passage, the writer draws attention to ----.
52. We learn from the passage that Giotto ----.
A) various panoramic views of İstanbul, especially of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn
A) relied a great deal on famous classical painters to develop his own art
B) the geographical features and importance of the Bosphorus
B) played a leading role in the revival of the art of painting in the Renaissance
C) the close relationship between the city and the sea in İstanbul
C) was greatly influenced by the works of classical Greek and Roman writers
D) the fact that the Galata Bridge arouses much interest in visitors to İstanbul
D) was seriously worried about the development of painting during the Renaissance
E) the question of how the Sea of Marmara plays a part in the life of İstanbul
E) first studied the classical art of painting and then decided to become a painter
MİNİ YDS DENEME_60 SORU
53. The word “Celtic” comes from the Greek Keltoi, first appearing in the sixth century B.C. to describe peoples living inland from the Mediterranean Sea. These people weren’t united, but called themselves “Celts”. ----. Trade by sea also connected them. Calling them “Celts” makes sense to separate them from what they weren’t: Roman or Greek. A) Today some 2.5 million people claim to speak a Celtic language B) However, these peoples spoke closely related languages and shared common beliefs and styles of art C) In the fifth century A.D., the Anglo-Saxons invaded Britain, which was inhabited by Celtic natives D) Today, Celtic culture survives in some parts of Europe, such as Ireland E) The Celtic languages were most widely spoken in various parts of ancient Europe
54. The Vikings sailed from their overpopulated lands in Scandinavia and attacked other lands. They invaded parts of England, Portugal and France. They took away the gold and land of other peoples. ----. In fact, they were undoubtedly the most feared people of their time. A) Similarly, the Vikings had a sophisticated literary culture and an organized system of government B) Therefore, most Vikings converted to Christianity by the late 10th century C) They also established colonies stretching from North America to central Russia D) On the other hand, their kings were buried together with their ships and their possessions E) However, they were very advanced in shipbuilding
55. The Spanish are known for their friendliness and joy in living. ----. During the time between midnight and dawn, the streets are often full of people enjoying themselves. These are not only young people, but one can also see the elderly among them. A) Spain is Europe’s third largest country, so getting around can take a lot of time B) The Spanish lived in extended families in the past, but this is not common at present C) Spain has a greater range of landscape than any other European country D) Many visitors to Spain come not only for the beaches, but are attracted by the country’s rich cultural heritage E) They commonly put as much energy into enjoying life as they do into their work
ARTI DİL KURSU
56. (I) Female killer whales live long after their reproductive years are over. (II) A recent study showed that adult sons of mother whales live longer and produce more offspring when the mother has a long postmenopausal phase. (III) The same trend, however, was not observed for daughters of the same whales. (IV) The mechanism by which mothers increase their adult sons’ survival are unclear, but hypothesized reasons include assistance to search for food and support during dangerous situations. (V) Whale research has become an increasingly popular field over the past ten years, which was actually unexpected. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
57. (I) It is a popular belief that our blood type influences our personalities. (II) For example, people with type A are thought to be anxious perfectionists while those with type B are cheerful and eccentric. (III) There is no biological reason for this, and the number of research on the issue is inadequate. (IV) Your blood type is a question of which surface proteins are attached to your red blood cells. (V) In fact, most of us behave with a mixture of all the blood-type personality traits. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
58. (I) There are differences between what men and women do with the Internet when they are online. (II) By 2005, however, men and women were making use of the Internet in almost equal numbers. (III) Women tend to use it to search for health and medical information, maps and on religious Men,sports on theresults other hand, rely it moreinformation. for weather(IV) reports, and news. (V) According to statistics from the US, women also use e-mail for different purposes than men. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
59. (I) Money is perhaps the most basic building-block in economies, and it has several functions. (II) It is a medium of exchange and easily traded for goods and services. (III) In addition, people save and use it for consumption in the future, so it is a store of value. (IV) Also, it is a unit of account, a useful measuring stick. (V) Throughout history, a variety of items like tea, salt and cattle have been used as a unit of account. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
60. (I) Pregnancy is an important time for both mother and baby, which is why mothers should get special care to live right so that their children can be born healthy. (II) That is relatively easy when it comes to things women can control like eating well. (III) Clearly, pregnant women who abuse alcohol put their babies at risk of a wide range of birth defects. (IV) But what about pollution in the air they breathe? (V) In the first study of its kind, researchers report that expectant mothers’ exposure to pollutants can lead to a dramatic increase in the risk of anxiety problems in their children at age 6. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 1. Forests, especially the tropical rain forests, are a vital natural ---- with exte nsive biodiversity and irreplaceable wildlife habitats.
7. As the price of oil ----, the reserves are consumed, and exhaust fumes hamper the urban life, altern atives to gas-powered vehicles ---- more attractive.
A) impact
B) tract
A) will rise / had become
D) nutrient
E) array
C) resource
B) rises / are becoming C) rose / will become D) had risen / would become E) must rise / becomes
2. The Atacama Desert is ---- know n as the driest nonpolar place in the world, w ith an average rainfall of about 15 mm per year. A) diversely
B) hugely
D) extremely
E) commonly
C) viably
8. Lately, in Europe and in Asia, where commuting distances ---- shorter and gas more expen sive than in the USA, electric cars ---- in popularity. A) were / had grown B) are / have grown C) have been / grew
3. Migration is the regular movement of animals between their breeding grounds and the areas that they ---- during the rest of the year. A) inhabit
B) peak
D) evolve
E) observe
B) resilient
D) prolific
E) violent
9. The oldest known writing system ---- around 3000 BC, when the rise of agricultural societies ---- the property ownership and the need to keep records of it.
C) extreme
5. An athlete’s performance, necessitating high levels of coordination and reaction time, ---- training visual abilities, not just tuning muscles. A) results in
B) pays off
6. The planning and construction of a subway system ---- a great deal of time and effort, involving planning the routes, digging the tunnels and laying the tracks. B) set off
D) put down
E) call for
A) dated from / leads to B) was dated / would lead C) has dated from / has led to D) dates from / led to E) had dated from / lead to
10. Recently, US government have come up ---- a new weapon ---- illegal migration: songs with Spanish lyrics describing the dangers of crossing the border. A) with / against
B) off / around
D) on / up
E) out / below
C) out / in
C) puts out
D) depends on E) takes out
A) turn out
E) used to be / has grown
C) involve
4. Successful desert plants are ---- to scorc hing summers and rough winters, drought, and high-salt conditions. A) sparse
D) should be / must grow
C) break out
11. The belief in the afterlife was central ---- the ancient Egyptian culture, so they equipped their dead ---- spells to provide guidance and protection in the u nderworld. A) by / in
B) from / at
D) to / with
E) among / across
C) on / behind
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 12. We all realize the harmful effects of drinking, smoking and bad diet, ---- w e pay far too little attention to the consequences of not getting enough sleep. A) thus D) before
B) but E) despite
C) when
13. ---- the beautiful natural scenery, the city of Prague also offers visitors adventure, technology, history and entertainment. A) Unless D) Because
B) Although E) Now that
C) Apart from
14. Environmentalists want protection for the P hilippine archipelago that comprises about 7,500 islands, ---- 75 per cent of its flora is to be found nowhere else. A) since D) once
B) though E) as if
B) Instead E) In order
19. A) from
B) on
D) by
E) with
20. A) Which D) Why
B) Where E) However
21. A) available D) feasible
B) considerable E) distant
22. A) too D) also
B) more E) much
C) of
C) in case
15. ---- for the brain to function pr operly, it must have an adequate supply of necessary nutrients and a constant supply of oxygenated blood. A) Due to D) Either
Excavations have recently been conducted at an amazing Mayan house in Central America. The house dates (19)---the 9th century, and it has turned out to be of great interest to archaeologists. (20)---- is particularly remarkable about the house is that its walls are covered with tables showing detailed astronomical calculations. These tables suggest that Mayan society had a (21)---- understanding of astronomy at a (22)---- earlier time than was previously thought to be the case. The tables focus on lunar cycles. This was important to the Mayans, because they (23)---- that there were six different gods of the moon, each of which would take his turn to be in charge of the cycle.
C) What
C) In that
C) previous
16. The significance of the Nile River to the development of Egyptian civilization is ---- immense ---- we cannot separate the history of Egypt from its geography. A) much / than D) so / that
B) just / as E) whether / or
C) such / as
17. It would be smart to locate the nearest source of fresh water and prepare certain methods to retain this water, ---- water is unavailable in the time of a disaster. A) no matter D) in terms of
B) just in case E) besides
C) by means of
23. A) were believing B) would believe C) believed D) believes E) have believed
18. Any deliberate attack on innocent civilians, ---- the causes, is unacceptable and fits into the definition of terrorism. A) otherwise D) neither
B) that is E) hence
C) regardless of
C) by far
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 24. It was once believed that brain cells, or neurons, did not regenerate once they died, ----.
27. Originally written in Portuguese by its Brazilian-born author, ----.
A) significant memory loss is automatically associated with old age
A) The Alchemist has been translated into various languages, selling more than 65 million copies worldwide
B) yet modern research has found that new neurons and connections between neurons can grow well into old age
B) Paulo Coelho first published the novel in the year 1988
C) some degree of memory lapse is due to normal aging D) brain cells are like muscles, the more they are used, the stronger they are and the better they function E) the presence of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes results in a greater loss of memory
C) because the story was already written in his soul Coelho wrote The Alchemist in only two weeks D) so the book's main theme is about finding one's destiny. E) Coelho set out to leave Rio de Janeiro with his wife and spent 40 days in the Mojave Desert
28. As the demand for access to limited water suppl y increases, ----.
A) access to a clean reliable water supply is essential to our survival
25. Hypatia was not just an expert astronomer and philosopher, ----. A) she was the daughter of the mathematician Theon Alexandricus B) her death is also told in another source, John of Nikiu
The Chronicle by
C) she fell a victim to the political jealousy which at that time prevailed
B) in fact less than 1 percent of all the water on earth was accessible for human use C) it is thought that as many as 3.5 billion people could experience water shortages by 2030 D) only in this way can water-related international conflicts be avoided E) water, covering over 70 percent of the earth's surface, may seem plenty
D) no written recognized by scholars Hypatia's ownwork has widely survived to the present time as E) but also the first female mathematician in recorded history
29. ----, whereas a partial solar eclipse can be observed from a much larger portion.
A) Once the sun is entirely eclipsed, it is completely safe to look directly at the totally eclipsed sun without any filters B) There are five basic ways to observe the partial phases of a solar eclipse C) A solar eclipse is a type of eclipse that occurs when the moon passes between the sun and earth
26. In order to create a stress-free working environment, ----. A) flexible workplaces and schedules make for happier employees
D) Lunar eclipses can occur only on the night of a full moon E) A total solar eclipse can be viewed only from a certain relatively small area of the world
B) they claim that stress-free workplaces inspire creative genius in the team C) many people suffer both physical and emotional stress in the workplace D) companies, such as Google, offer their staff many perks like game rooms, free meals, and scooters to move around the offices E) productivity levels are directly related to levels of organization
30. All the major cities and islands of Spain have airports, ----.
A) but buses will be a faster and more frequently used option between smaller towns B) until Spain has an increasingly efficient transportation system C) even if both the road and rail networks were greatly improved during the 1980s D) so in much of rural Spain, public transportation is limited and a car is the most practical solution for getting around E) though only a few of them cater to international flights
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 31. Germany is similar in many w ays to France, Italy and the UK ----. A) unless it attaches primary importance to both multilateral and bilateral diplomacy B) as though the EU were essentially in control of environmental policies C) where the foreign policy process in Germany had to agree to a compromise in recent years D) although this had led to arguments concerning the proper role of the German Foreign Ministry in shaping and implementing policy E) in that it is one of just a few European states which attempt to maintain worldwide representation
34. The lungs are particularly prone to allergic reactions because they are exposed to large quantities of airborne antigens, including dusts, pollens, and chemicals. A) Whereas the lungs undergo certain allergic reactions, airborne antigens from dusts, pollens, and chemicals may damage the respiratory system. B) As well as being prone to allergic reactions, the lungs are also exposed to big airborne antigens like dusts, pollens, and chemicals. C) As the lungs are under the exposure of huge amount of antigens in the air, such as dusts, pollens and chemicals, they are specifically vulnerable to allergies. D) In addition to being susceptible to allergic reactions, the lungs may tolerate many airborne antigens, including dusts, pollens, and chemicals.
32. ---- because they were continually forced to defend their own conquests against other invaders.
E) Allergic diseases are especially harmful to lungs when they enter into the respiratory system through the lungs with airborne antigens, such as dusts, pollens and chemicals.
A) The Romans did not usually impose heavy tax burdens on the cities they conquered B) The geography of the Italian peninsula had a decisive influence on Rome’s development C) The Romans were descended from Indo-European peoples that had crossed the Alps into Italy D) The Romans were a highly military society almost from the moment they settled on Italian soil E) Rome looked to their gods to bestow upon the blessings of prosperity, victory, and fertility 35. The Japanese are not actually more respectful than other nations, but they do have a set of social rules that include maintaining a front of respect at all times.
33. ----, it does not necessarily produce peace, equality, or homogeneity. A) Although globalization means worldwide economic integration B) Just as globalization has radically altered patterns of trade around the world C) Whenever globalization has forced the reorganization of economic enterprises D) Since globalization suggests a uniform process, one that operates similarly everywhere E) If a key feature of globalization has been the transformation of the world economy
A) Respect is maintained by the Japanese through the observation of strict rules that have always been of great importance throughout history. B) Although not necessarily more courteous than others, the social rules they have require that the Japanese people should always appear courteous. C) Besides the fact that most Japanese people are humble, they also have more social rules than other nations. D) Other nations may actually be more respectful than the Japanese despite not having a set of social rules. E) For the Japanese, it is important that they are viewed as the most polite nation in the world since they have a set of strict social rules.
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 36. Lance Armstrong already made one huge comeback: Diagnosed with testicular cancer in 1996, he was given less than a 50% chance of survival. Not only did he make it through, but also he got back on his bike, picked up his cycling career and proceeded to win seven Tour de France titles in a row, from 1999 to 2005. ---- But what Armstrong did need w as the support of his Astana teammates forced to choose between the veteran Armstrong and a young rival, Spanish star Alberto Contador. A) He needed to stop both smoking and drinking if he wanted to get back to his days of glory.
38. Adam: - Do you agree with the sci entists who claim that life on earth will soon come to an end? Gail: - Yes, I do. We use our resources in such an extravagant way nowadays that it is only a matter of time before the y are depleted. Adam: - ---Gail: - Well, only if we are more careful from now on.
B) An ugly duel emerged and matters got worse after an opponent went ahead of Armstrong in the Alps and went on to win the race. C) Europe is the centre of a wide range of sports such as tennis, volleyball and basketball and competition is fierce there. D) Cycling, however, is more commonly practiced as a hobby rather than a professional sport throughout the world. E) In Europe, claims of drug use had followed the American and he was out to prove that he did not need drugs for these series of successes.
37. It is difficult to relate skin color directly to genetic inheritance. Dennis Barber, a white bank manager from Staffordshire, recently discovered that he is the direct descendant of a black African sla ve who was brought to England in the 18th century. ---- It has been estimated that one in five white British people has a direct black ancestor and that they could presumably pass on their genes to the next generation as well. A) Despite his white appearance, Dennis carries genes that could result in his own descendants being born with dark features.
A) Do you think it is possible for us to extend the time that we have left? B) Does that mean we are living our last days on earth? C) Shouldn’t we pay more attention to what environmentalists say regarding this matter? D) The movie 2012 was about the approaching end of the world, wasn’t it? E) Are we going to be able to use the resources found on other planets in the near future?
39. Steve : - According to this latest report on Afghanistan, it’s not safe for aid agencies to w ork there. Ken : - How come? There is a str ong NATO force there to provide security. Steve : - ---Ken : - So, it seems that the N ATO-led attempts to bring peace to this country have already failed. A) You know that the aims of the NATO intervention in this
B) However, Dennis’ father decided to settle down in Europe and marry an English woman. C) In fact, slavery is the primary reason why there is no agreement about whether genes play a role in one’s skin color. D) It is only natural that Dennis had white skin, since there is no evidence in science linking genetics and skin color. E) Biologists can account for the differences between the English and the Africans that they enslaved.
country have been clearly defined. B) Indeed, northern Afghanistan remains reasonably peaceful and open to trade. C) Sure, but a large part of the country, especially the troublesome southern parts, is controlled by rebel groups. D) In fact, for this country to achieve peace and security, there is an urgent need for more foreign involvement. E) Actually, several nations have helped to build roads, bridges, and other important facilities.
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME In this century, the wealth and success of nations will rely like never before on the ability to produce and use knowledge. Universities have long been instrumental in generating knowledge and ideas. But in an increasingly globalized world, and in the face of rapid scientific change, they will need to think about a set of new challenges and how best to prepare their students for the next decades. Universities will need to teach a new kind of literacy, in which global awareness will play an important role. They also need to deal with dilemmas posed by the speeding pace of change led by scientific and technological advances. We are on the brink of once-in-human-history progress in combating disease through the application of modern science. Doctors will have at their disposal blood tests that will tell you with substantial predictive power how long you will live and from what diseases you are likely to suffer. The Internet and the application of information technology may well represent the most profound change in the way knowledge is spread since the printing press. We are close to understanding the first second of the history of the cosmos.
41. One point that is given considerable e mphasis in the passage is ----. A) the need of all students to get acquainted with foreign cultures and global issues B) that the universities have a commitment to the pursuit of truth for its own sake C) that the universities are in a position to further greater global integration D) the incredible speed with which knowledge is increasing E) that universities must stick to the values that have made them successful in the past
42. It is clear from the passage that science and the application of science ----. A) will not help to further global awareness B) is largely confined within the universities C) has grown so complex that it is beyond the grasp of all but a very few 40. According to the passage, universities are under an obligation to ensure that their students ----.
D) cannot go on advancing at this rate
A) have the chance to work alongside foreign students
E) is opening up startling new possibilities
B) are equipped to deal with the changing conditions of the coming decades C) are introduced to international perspectives in every area of study D) are taught not specific facts as much as broad ways of thinking
43. The phrase, “once-in-human-history progress” means ----.
E) all have a good grounding in science and technology
A) we cannot expect or, indeed, hope for such progress ever to happen again B) this is only the first of many spurts of progress C) this is the first instance of a widespread application of science D) there has never been such progress ever before and there may not be again E) this is the highest possible peak of progress
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 40
1. Worldwide, it is estimated that the e pidemic of vitamin D ---- affects roughly one billion people due to the fact that they spend too m uch time indoors.
7. Current data from fossil records ---- t hat early species of humans seem ---- in East Africa around 200,000 years ago.
A) dependence
B) deficiency
A) is suggesting / had appeared
E) degradation
D) stagnation
C) disease
B) has suggested / having appeared C) suggested / will appear D) suggests / to appear
2. According to WWF, ---- species are any species, including animals, plants which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future.
E) suggest / to have appeared
A) massive
B) captive
D) plagued
E) threatened
8. Oil prices ---- by around 25 percent since Saudi Arabia, Venezuela and non-OPEC exporter Russia ---- in mid-February they would leave supply at January's levels.
C) recovered
3. Due to their fantastic color and brilliance and the fact that they are very rare, the ---- stones, such as diamond, sapphire, and emerald, usually sell for a very high price on the market.
A) rose / had announced
A) worthless
B) valid
E) rises / has announced
D) discrete
E) genius
C) precious
4. Although some women opt for a traditional or a more natural childbirth experience, surgical ---- may still be necessary if there are complications or health risks.
B) have risen / announced C) have been rising / announcing D) had risen / announces
9. In 1927, the aviator Charles Lindbergh ---- the first person ---- a non-stop airplane flight across the Atlantic Ocean. A) has become / completing
A) emergency
B) recurrence
D) relapse
E) condition
C) intervention
B) was became / would complete C) becomes / having completed D) became / to complete E) had become / completed
5. US government’s investments in renewable energy are now ---- and paving the w ay for the action on climate change in the last year. A) bringing up
B) paying off
D) relying on
E) putting out
C) calling for
6. In recent years, carbon dioxide has been ---- as a result of activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. A) building up
B) setting out
D) coming in
E) reaching up
C) setting off
10. Greece is increasingly becoming popular ---- tourists worldwide, owing to its offerings ---- fabulous ancient wonders as well as modern attractions. A) by / as
B) upon / around
D) on / up
E) among / of
C) out / in
11. The atmosphere of earth protects living organisms ---- genetic damage caused ---- solar radiati on, solar winds and cosmic rays. A) from / by
B) beyond / at
D) up / with
E) away / off
C) on / behind
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 40
12. ---- our grasp of the ob servable universe has greatly improved in recent years, we can expect far greater developments in the space exploration. A) Unless
B) Until
D) Now that
E) While
C) Although
13. To cope with the global climate change, the world must reduce its greenhouse gas emissions b y half of the current rate, ---- such a target is extremely tough to achieve. A) but
B) since
D) so
E) until
C) once
14. Despite substantial reforms, small businesses still find it difficult to raise capital, ---- credit institutions often prefer to grant loans to big c ompanies.
Not all psychologists are primarily interested in early development. But even researchers (19) — to understand complex adult behaviours often find it useful to examine those behaviours during periods when they are not so complex. For example, humans are capable of sophisticated communication (20) — the fact that our languages follow systems of rules. But determining what these rules are has proved very difficult (21) — researchers. One approach to this problem is to study our language system (22) — it is being acquired. So, in language development, as well as in many other areas, the growing child is a showcase of developing skills and abilities, and researchers interested in different aspects of human development have (23) — this fact to help them understand adult behaviour.
19. A) attempting B) to have attempted
A) in case
B) despite
D) besides
E) as
C) even if
C) to attempt D) attempted E) being attempted
15. Up to four cups of filter coffee a day is considered safe in healthy adults, yet it exposes coffee drinkers to potential side effects, ---- stress, insomnia, and fatigue. 20. A) instead of
B) except for
D) in spite of
E) in contrast to
21. A) about
B) for
D) towards
E) from
reinforced much stronger to protect the entire str ucture.
22. A) unless
B) even though
A) that
B) to whom
D) while
E) after
D) what
E) through which
23. A) weakened
B) eliminated
D) demanded
E) utilized
A) whether
B) though
D) both
E) in case
C) including
16. ---- humans are among the most p otent of all ecosystem engineers, their environments tend to change rapidly within a single generation. A) In spite of D) Given that
B) Just as
C) Even so
E) Such as
C) due to
C) over
17. Once the concrete rings of the main tunnels ---metro trains will pass are built, the new walls must be
C) whose
18. The average life expectancy has dramaticall y increased in the developed countries, ---- in much of Africa people continue to die at a relatively young age. A) if not
B) whereas
D) thus
E) due to
C) therefore
C) in case
C) expanded
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 40 24. Although the testing of theories can be considered to distinguish science from other creative fields, ----.
28. Whereas the overuse of antibiotics can lead to the spread of drug-resistant bacteria, ----.
A) explanation of the general causes of certain phenomena is obtained from experiments
A) the practice of using sufficient doses is still the most effective method in the treatment of bacterial infections
B) theories are constructed in the minds of human beings
B) the germs that survive are typically those that happen to bear genetic mutations for resisting the antibiotics
C) the history of science tells us that theories either support or disprove each other D) scientific law ties a great number of observations into a single statement or equation
C) resistant strains produced in animals eventually find their way into people since bacteria are found everywhere D) careless use of drugs contributes to drug-resistant infection leaving us defenseless against dangerous bacteria
E) it should not be assumed that a theory is proved by testing E) the patients may have to live with the risk of many untreatable infections for an uncomfortably long time
25. Whether you lift your coffee cup or watch your coworker lift his, ----. A) some brain disorders are assumed to be characterized by a deficit in communication skills B) the neurons that exist in your brain respond in similar ways to both actions C) particular neurons are responsible for humans' ability to feel empathy and compassion for others D) scientists have been able to identify which parts of the brain are most vulnerable to disease E) a brain imaging study found that some primates are able to do much more than mimicking people
26. As the number of known elements increased, ----. A) chemists at that time had no knowledge of atomic numbers and atomic weights B) majority of them appear in nature and readily combine to form compounds
29. In order to enable students to survive and thrive in a technological world, ----. A) group projects may be difficult to complete since teachers need to shift their roles from information dispenser to a guide B) initiatives aimed at infusing technology into teacher education programs have been claimed to be very effective C) self-efficacy as a computer technology user may be a critical factor in teachers' decisions to integrate technology in the classroom D) use of technology is more transparent in a classroom environment where incorporating technology is a shared responsibility E) teachers should provide them with instructional activities enriched with technology in which learning is highly interactive
C) discovery of the chemical elements has been an ongoing process since ancient times D) scientists began to investigate the possibilities of classifying them in useful ways E) we know about them only because of technology developed during the 20th century
27. Space solar power is still an idea far ahead of its time ----. A) therefore a national space program would be needed to be established first B) so engineers can now work on space shuttles to build orbiting space-stations C) but the necessary technology already exists and is gradually falling in cost D) because no one would have the technology to develop it further E) if more and more effort needs to be put in developing space tourism
30. We think of our eyes as video cameras that make a flawless recording of the world around us, ----. A) whether deleted information is processed unconsciously has not been investigated B) as the distinction between looking and seeing is greater than one can imagine C) but experiments show how little information we actually take in at a glance D) however, a recent experiment indicates that this cannot be the entire reason E) therefore, there is a close relationship between what we think and what we see
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 40
31. Keeping track of body weight and counting calories carefully may provide objective feedback on ----. A) whether or not fast food companies are responsible for the obesity of our children B) which of the ingredients of a sugary drink are responsible for tooth decay C) why some bacteria are harmful whereas others are benign D) what food companies do in order to steer us towards unhealthy but profitable fare E) how effective individuals are in changing their eating habits when they go on a diet
34. Russian efforts to annex Crimea resulted i n a referendum in 2014, in which 95% of voters were in favour of Russian annexation of Crimea. A) Although Russia’s aim had always been to annex Crimea, it was made clear in a referendum in 2014 that the voters preferred autonomy. B) Russia always tried hard to reclaim Crimea; but in a referendum held in 2014, the people of Crimea decided by a great majority to break away from Russia. C) A referendum in 2014 showed that, despite Russia’s attempts to annex Crimea, in fact the people favored Ukrainian rule. D) Russia’s attempts to conquer Crimea succeeded in 2014, when the people of Crimea held a referendum, and showed their loyalty to Russia.
32. ----, children almost never receive any such explicit information about their native language during the early years when acquisition takes place.
E) Russia’s attempts to add Crimea its own territory led to a public vote in 2014, where majority of the citizens voted for Russian annexation of Crimea.
A) Even though linguistic input does not always take place in the classroom B) Until there is some hard evidence that language and thought are strictly separated C) As it is hard for adults to learn abstract ideas and theories D) Unlike many second language learners who are taught grammar rules and vocabulary directly E) Because universal patterns of language development can be explained by language-specific input
35. Though Senegal is neither a large nor a strategically located country, it has nonetheless played a prominent role in African politics since its independence. A) Senegal is a small African country with no strategic importance; however, ever since it gained independence, it has always been in the forefront of African politics. B) As a minor but strategically significant country, Senegal has been very active in the politics of Africa since its independence.
33. Just as railway bridges were the great structural symbols of the 19th century, ----.
C) Once Senegal, which is a major African country with
A) highway bridges became the engineering emblems of the 20th century
some strategic importance, gained its independence, it began to pay much attention to political developments in Africa at large.
B) the invention of the automobile created an irresistible demand for better roads C) most highway bridges carry lighter loads than railway bridges do D) the type of bridge needed for cars and trucks is fundamentally different from that needed for trains E) an arch bridge curves upwards to support the roadway
D) Despite the fact that Senegal has had much importance in African politics since its independence, its strategic position has been of no significance. E) As an African country, Senegal is so small that it has little strategic importance, and its involvement in African politics has not been notable ever since it gained independence.
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 40
36. While the world has been distracted by Iraq and Afghanistan, Iran has come closer to the point where it could build an atomic bomb. A) Contrary to Iraq and Afghanistan, both of which have been the object of international attention, Iran has upgraded its capacity to develop more nuclear arms. B) Both Iraq and Afghanistan continue to preoccupy the world, which has remained indifferent to Iran’s attempts to produce new weapons. C) In developing nuclear arms, Iran pays no attention to international reactions, since the world is wholly concerned with issues in Iraq and Afghanistan. D) When the world’s attention has been drawn completely to Iraq and Afghanistan, Iran has in the meantime made much progress towards the development of an atomic bomb. E) It is true that Iran has made some advances in nuclear weapons, while the circumstances in Iraq and Afghanistan continue to draw international attention.
38. ---- However, most of the African art known today is relatively recent; from the 19th cen tury or later. Very little earlier, African art has survived, primarily because it was made largely of perishable materials such as wood, cloth, and plant fibers, and because it typically met with intensive use in ceremonies and in daily life. Scholars of African art base suppositions about earlier art mainly on the art of the last two centuries. But they can only guess at the earlier traditions from which the recent art developed. A) Today, African art does not constitute a single tradition. B) Many surviving examples of African art date from the 14th to the 17th century. C) Each African culture produces its own distinctive art and architecture. D) African cultures design many utilitarian objects with decorative schemes in mind. E) The earliest known African sculptures are sculpted clay heads and human figures.
37. As inhabitants of one of earth’s most densely populated continents, Europeans know well that environmental protection is not a luxury but a necessity. A) Living in one of the world’s most densely populated continents, Europeans are well aware that they need to protect the environment. B) More people live on the European continent than anywhere else and for this reason they know that they have a duty to protect the environment. C) It is necessary for Europeans to stop living in luxury and start taking more responsibility for the protection of the European continent. D) Of all the densely-populated continents on earth, Europe is the one that is in most need of environmental protection. E) The luxury of protecting the environment can no longer be applied to earth’s continents, particularly in the case of Europe.
39. Each culture has some understanding of the adult competencies needed for adequate functioning. For example, children who need a formal e ducation to succeed in their culture are likel y to be exposed to these values early in childhood. Thus, they may receive books and instruction at a young age. Chil dren in another culture may have to do spinning and weaving as part of their adult livelihood. ----. A) We are all truly integrated in our own societies and cultures. B) But these children must learn the rules and patterns of behaviour. C) These children are likely to receive early exposure to these crafts. D) These learned patterns and rules influence much of our behaviour. E) It is this pattern of thought that guides them to becoming academics.
YDS 2016 Mini DENEME 40 40. (I) Noam Chomsky’s ethical analyses are based on what he calls the “principle of universality”. (II) Good politicians must analyze their political actions rigorously, instead of blinding the public with rhetoric. (III) At root, this principle is relatively simple. (IV) It says that at the very least we should apply to ourselves the same standards that we apply to others. (V) This is a principle that Chomsky claims has always been central to any responsible system of ethics. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
41. (I) Character traits are the qualities that make up a character’s personality. (II) For example, a character may be honest, generous, stubborn, or scheming. (III) You can discover these character traits through a character’s actions and words and through the writer’s description of the character. (IV) Some characters may show only one major character trait, while others, like real people, show a number of different traits. (V) Thus, the setting of a story affects what happens to the characters and what they learn about life. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
45. Barbara: - Isn’t your mother taking special herbal medicines for her arthritis? Mark: - Yes, she decided to go the natural route after reading about possible side effects of conventional medication. Barbara: - --------Mark: - Then I had better speak to her and urge her to see a specialist. A) If we lived in Britain, she would not have to pay to see an arthritis specialist under the National Health Service. B) I have always confused rheumatoid arthritis with osteoarthritis. Which one does your mother have? C) Many people believe they can better benefit from herbs and minerals instead of drugs they perceive to be risky.
E) V D) Yet, it has been proved that many herbal medicines and alternative therapies do nothing to help people with arthritis.
42. (I) As the world's population ap proaches seven billion, the challenges facing humanity have never been greater. (II) And, the solutions to most fundamental challenges can be found in science. (Ill) But providing for the food, energy and safety needs of a growing population will require more than science alone. (IV) Companies, both large and small, need to come up with more innovations to facilitate trade and commerce. (V) It will require people working together across borders, cultures and nations to improve the lives of people around the world. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
43. (I) The oldest known evidence of strange flying objects is from some cave paintings that were found in Europe. (II) Before th the end of the 18 century, very few Europeans had dedicated themselves to the study of flight. (Ill) One was the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. (IV) He was preoccupied chiefly with bird flight and with flapping-wing machines called "ornithopters". (V) His aeronautical work, however, remained unknown until late in the 19th century, when it could furnish little of technical value to experimenters but was a source of inspiration to aspiring European engineers. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
E) What kind of side effects are you referring to? I think your mother has done the right thing.
46. Jerry: - Have you heard that South Korean scientists recently cloned a pit bull terrier for its American owner? Sarah : - Yes, and the owner paid $25,000 for five genetically identical copies. Jerry : - --------Sarah : - Never, even if it were for free! A) Would you be willing to pay that much money for cloned copies of your pet? B) Have you ever seen a cloned animal?
44. (I) Are humans the only primates that cry? (II) The answer depends on how you define “crying”. (III) If it is defined as tears coming from the eyes, then the answer is yes. (IV) Others take a conservative stance and say that it is too difficult to tell whether non-human primates have feelings. (V) However, if crying is vocalization that occurs under the conditions of distress, then you can find crying in almost all primates. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
C) Would you consider having your cat cloned, if you had the chance? D) Have you ever thought about the ethical implications of cloning animals? E) Do you regard the cloning of animals for research purposes as acceptable?
YDS 2016 MİNİ DENEME 47 1. The nervous systems of all animals have a number of basic functions in common, most ---- the control of movement and the analysis of sensation.
8. ---- the application of radioactive decay to dating rocks, British geologist Arthur Holmes---- throughout the 1920s on trying to understand the Earth's interior.
A) notably
B) promptly
A) To have pioneered / had worked
D) deniably
E) fairly
C) approximately
B) Having pioneered / worked C) Pioneering / could work D) Being pioneered / would have worked
2. An increasing number of people are ---- alternatives to antidepressant drugs, and new research suggests that acupuncture could be a promising option. A) abandoning D) seeking
B) returning E) magnifying
C) denying 9. In theory, same gender siblings ---- with the same selection of chromosomes, but the odds of this happening ---- about one in 125 trillion.
3. Knowing that consuming more w ill not ---- buy us more happiness suggests that it is time to rethink the spending choices we make every day. A) strictly
B) accidentally
D) externally
E) hazardously
E) Pioneered / had been working
C) necessarily
A) could be created / would be B) are created / had to be C) had been created / may be D) were created / should be E) have to be created / must be
4. With over one billion people arou nd the world who have started to use the web in order to find products, entertainment and soul mates, consumer behaviour has ---- changed.
10. In mammals, if the body becomes too warm, the hypothalamus in the brain signals the sw eat glands ---- it by ---- sweat.
A) tenderly
B) incidentally
D) intimately
E) dramatically
C) hazardously
A) cooling / to release B) to cool / releasing C) to be cooled / being released D) having cooled / to be releasing
5. The earliest music for movies was played live in the cinema to ---- the silent image and enhance its mood. A) receive
B) diminish
D) accompany
E) verify
C) eradicate
6. When the Great Recession severely hit economies in the early 21st century, many companies “restructured” and ---- thousands of workers around the world. A) pulled off D) set up
E) being cooled / to be released
B) broke out E) put out
C) laid off
7. Floods occur when heavy rain falls, ---- so much water that it cannot seep into the soil or flow away into rivers and lakes or run into drains. A) coping with
B) putting off
D) emerging from
E) switching to
C) resulting in
11. On 25 August 2012, data ---- Voyager 1 indicated that it became the first human-made object to enter interstellar space, traveling further ---- anyone, or anything, in history. A) off / about
B) by / toward
D) to / beyond
E) for / through
C) from / than
12. Tea reached France at the same time ---- other European countries, in the early 17th cent ury, but its consumption was initially confined ---- Paris. A) as / to
B) at / off
D) on / in
E) for / out
C) to / for
YDS 2016 MİNİ DENEME 47 13. ---- you have found a fo ssil, it needs to be studied scientifically in order to reveal its identity as well as more detailed aspects of its appearance. A) Once
B) Only if
D) Whether
E) Before
C) Until
14. ---- many animals have keener abilities to detect odours than we do, the human sense of smell permits us to detect more than 10,000 different smells. A) Given
B) Since
D) Although
E) When
C) Unless 18.
15. ---- male and female roles have become less sharply differentiated in most societies than they were in the past, we are today one step closer to achieve complete gender equality. A) Unless
B) Now that
D) Because
E) Until
Although it could be argued that France has lost its position of unrivalled power in the fashion history to Italy, the same cannot be said about French perfume. (18)---- a 300-year history of making perfumes, French is still home to many of the world’s best-selling perfumes. The French perfumes are (19)---- developed in the town of Grasse located in the south of France. Grasse has a long history of perfume production, and until now, the perfume industry (20)---- hundreds of people in the town. The success of Grasse as a perfume manufacturer is (21)---- its Mediterranean climate in the south that enables the cultivation of many different types of flowers used to extract the perfume essence. (22)---- most modern French perfumes rely more on chemical than floral essence, inspiration for a perfume often comes from a natural source such as rose or vanilla.
C) Whenever
A) At
B) Into
D) From
E) By
C) With
19. A) immensely
B) abruptly
D) adversely
E) vaguely
C) concisely
20. A) was employing 16. ---- providing calcium and protein, consuming too much milk does not provide a net health benefit and may even hinder their long-term survival prospects. A) Besides
B) Though
D) Thanks to
E) Despite
C) Due to
B) is employing C) employs D) has employed E) had employed
21. A) in comparison with
B) due to
D) rather than
E) in spite of
C) as well as
17. The study of quality of life is important ---- because it addresses threats to well being, ---- because it sheds light on the factors that keep older adults from excessive reliance on public programs. A) whether / or
B) such / as
D) so / that
E) much / than
C) not only / but also
22. A) Whenever
B) Unless
D) Even though
E) Once
C) In case
YDS 2016 MİNİ DENEME 47 23. Even though nearly all people are equipped with the biological hardware to produce a wide range of notes, ----.
26. Although the greenhouse gas emissions generate d by pollution were relatively small initially, ----.
A) many neurobiologists have investigated musical ability
A) they grew dramatically as more countries became industrialized
B) most people are quite good at timing and note memory B) it was in no country’s interest to reduce them until recently C) the relationship between song and language needs to be studied D) musical talent, especially singing, varies between human beings
C) carbon dioxide emissions by the US have decreased since the 1950s D) in 2007, the EU decided to take further essential steps towards reducing them
E) some people with musical aptitude carry a tune easily E) the effects of the emissions on climate change have been ignored by a number of countries
24. ---- but they can also appear elsewhere, at hotspots where rock moves upward from deep inside the Earth.
27. Teachers cannot be criticized for failing to promote engineering ----.
A) The outside layer of the Earth is broken up into giant pieces called tectonic plates
A) so the manner in which design is presented is of great significance
B) Volcanic activity has contributed to the creation of large portions of the Earth's surface
B) that it is not a required field of study in most technical universities
C) Thinner plates, such as those under oceans, lead to more volcanic activity
C) whether students should follow advanced math and science courses to qualify for engineering school
D) Volcanoes tectonic platesoften form near the boundaries between
D) if they have not been exposed to it themselves before E) as some students might have a special skill for designing
E) It is almost impossible to guess the exact time of volcanic eruptions
25. If an indigenous language is no t adopted by later generations, ----. A) our understanding is still imperfect as to why a language death occurs
28. Whenever we pick up a newspaper or turn on the TV, ---- . A) there are, of course, numerous non-economic forces that determine and mould our decision-making process
B) the linguistic diversity is found in places with small and sparsely distributed populations
B) there are clear lines between economics and politics
C) it is shocking to learn that almost 40 percent of languages are now endangered
C) it is natural that economics constitutes a significant percentage of our media coverage
D) its extinction draws nearer with the death of each speaker of that language
D) generally politics is defined as the art of government and, as such, is seriously concerned with economics
E) linguistic extinction is happening much faster under the pressure of globalization
E) we are likely to be bombarded with facts and figures on such subjects as pollution, unemployment and inflation
YDS 2016 MİNİ DENEME 47 29. Whales and dolphins produce complex underwater sounds to communicate with each other, but scie ntists have yet to unravel their meanings.
31. Whether somewhere is hot or cold is mainly to do with how close it is to the equator, but other factors, such as ocean currents and altitude, are also important.
A) Balinalar ve yunuslar birbirleriyle iletişim kurmak için karmaşık sualtı sesleri üretirler, ancak bilim insanları bu seslerin anlamını henüz çözemediler.
A) Bir yerin sıcak veya soğuk olması özellikle o yerin ekvatora ne kadar yakın olduğuyla ilgilidir, fakat okyanus dalgaları ve deniz seviyesinden yükseklik gibi başka unsurlar da önemlidir.
B) Balinaların ve yunusların birbirleriyle iletişim kurmak amacıyla geliştirdikleri karmaşık sualtı seslerinin anlamları bilim insanları tarafından hâlâ çözülemedi.
B) Bir yerin ekvatora yakınlığı özellikle o yerin sıcak ve soğuk olması konusunda etkilidir, fakat okyanus dalgaları ve deniz seviyesinden yükseklik de önemli unsurlardandır.
C) Bilim insanları hâlâ balinaların ve yunusların birbiriyle iletişim kurmak amacıyla ürettikleri karmaşık sualtı seslerinin anlamlarını çözmeye çalışıyorlar.
C) Bir yerin sıcak veya soğuk olması o yerin ekvatora olan yakınlığıyla doğrudan ilişkilidir, fakat okyanus dalgaları ve deniz seviyesinden yükseklik de bu konuda önemli unsurlar arasındadır.
D) Balinalar ve yunuslar tarafından birbirleriyle iletişim kurmak amacıyla geliştirilen karmaşık sualtı seslerinin anlamları bilim insanları tarafından hâlâ çözülmeye çalışılıyor.
D) Bir yerin sıcak ve soğuk olması o yerin ekvatora olan yakınlığına bağlıdır, fakat okyanus dalgaları ve deniz seviyesinden yükseklik de diğer önemli unsurlar arasındadır
E) Bilim insanlarının hâlâ anlamını çözmek için uğraştıkları konuların başında, balinaların ve yunusların birbirleriyle iletişim kurmak amacıyla ürettikleri karmaşık sualtı sesleri gelmektedir.
E) Bir yerin sıcak veya soğuk olması o yerin ekvatora yakın veya uzak olmasının yanı sıra okyanus dalgaları ve deniz seviyesinden yükseklik gibi başka unsurlarla da ilişkilidir.
30. Getting regular exercise might be beneficial for
32. Kablo ve uydu endüstrisi, filmlerin yüksek kapasiteli sunuculara yerleştirileceği ve müşterilerin istedikleri
reducing the risk, in orthe delaying the onset, of Alzheimer,life. because neurons brain regenerate throughout
zaman bu filmleri sipariş edebilecekleri dijital bir gelecek öngörmektedir.
A) Beyindeki sinir hücreleri yaşam boyu yenilenebildikleri için Alzheimer riskini azaltmak veya başlangıcını ertelemek için düzenli egzersize başlamak yararınıza olabilir.
A) According to the predictions made by the cable and satellite industry, films will be placed on high capacity servers, and customers will be able to order those films when they want.
B) Düzenli egzersiz yapmak Alzheimer riskini azaltmak veya başlangıcını ertelemek için yararlı olabilir, çünkü beyindeki sinir hücreleri yaşam boyunca yenilenirler. C) Alzheimer riskini azaltmak veya başlangıcını geciktirmek istiyorsanız düzenli egzersiz yapmalı ve beyindeki sinir hücrelerinin yaşam boyu kendini yenileme özelliğinden yararlanmalısınız. D) Beyindeki sinir hücreleri yaşam boyunca kendini yenilediğinden düzenli egzersiz yapmak hem Alzheimer riskini azaltma hem de başlangıcını geciktirme konusunda fayda sağlar. E) Düzenli egzersiz yapmak Alzheimer riskini azaltma ve başlangıcını geciktirmede faydalı olduğu gibi beyindeki sinir hücrelerinin yaşam boyu kendini yenilemesini de sağlar.
B) It is predicted that thanks to the cable and satellite industry in the digital future, customers will be able to order films when they want if those films are placed on high capacity servers. C) The cable and satellite industry envisions a digital future in which films will be placed on high capacity servers and customers will be able to order those films when they want. D) In the digital future that the cable and satellite industry will create, customers will be able to order films when those films are placed on high capacity servers. E) High capacity servers with films placed on them are predicted by the cable and satellite industry to create a digital future where customers will be able to order films when they want.
YDS 2016 MİNİ DENEME 47 33. Etkileşimcilik, bir bütün olarak toplum yerine küçük ölçekli etkileşim üzerinde yoğunlaşması bakımından işlevselcilik, Marksizm ve birçok feminist teoriden farklıdır. A) What makes interactionism different from functionalism, Marxism and most feminist theories is that it centres around small-scale interaction instead of society as a whole.
35. Journalist: You had a problem in your latest flight, when one of the engines of the spacecraft failed. Did you manage to cope with the situation thanks to your great technical knowledge? Astronaut:
B) The main difference between interactionism and functionalism, Marxism and most feminist theories is that it focuses more on small-scale interaction than society as a whole. C) Interactionism differs from functionalism, Marxism and most feminist theories in that it focuses on small-scale interaction rather than society as a whole. D) If interactionism centred around society as a whole instead of small-scale interaction, it would be different from functionalism, Marxism and most feminist theories. E) Functionalism, Marxism and most feminist theories are different from interactionism as they study society as a whole rather than smallscale interaction.
Journalist: Do you mean keeping calm is more im portant? Astronaut: Yes, that's exactly what I mean. A) If you aren't knowledgeable about the spacecraft, you can't solve anything. B) To some extent, it's necessary. But what matters most is to have good knowledge of engines. C) Having a good communication with the other team members plays an important role in solving such issues. D) If I hadn't been able to control myself and remember how we trained before the flight, we would have crashed. E) You should really know who to ask about the problem before solving it.
34. Jeolojik kanıtlarerozyona iklim değişikliği sırasında yükselen deniz seviyelerinin sebep olmuş olabileceğini ve bu erozyonun okyanuslardaki kalsiyum ve potasyum gibi maddelerin seviyelerini arttırdığını gösteriyor. A) Geological evidence suggests that rising sea levels during the climate change must have caused erosion, increasing the levels of substances such as calcium and potassium in the oceans. B) According to geological evidence, rising sea levels during the climate change may have caused erosion that led to an increase in the amount of substances like calcium and potassium in the oceans.
36. Mother: – I've seen a very interesting advertisement about a colorboosting detergent. Daughter: – I also saw that ad. Do you think it can actually make the colors of your clothes brighter?
C) Geological evidence shows that rising sea levels triggered by the climate change might have caused erosion that increased the amount of substances like calcium and potassium in the oceans.
Mother: ---------
D) Geological evidence shows that rising sea levels during the climate change could have caused erosion, and this erosion boosted the levels of substances such as calcium and potassium in the oceans.
people and make more profit.
Daughter: – I doubt that. I think it's just a marketing tactic to deceive
A) Perhaps they just want to show off their product. B) Actually, I've no idea about how it works.
E) It has been shown by geological evidence that rising sea levels during the climate change could have caused erosion that increased the levels of substances like calcium and potassium in the oceans.
C) It's just another way of cheating customers. D) Well, they say it has additional chemicals that make the colors more intense. E) There is no difference between this type of detergents and ordinary ones.
YDS 2016 MİNİ DENEME 47 37. Lisa: – Many people say robots in the near future will do most of the housework, leaving plenty of time for leisure activities. Martha: –
39. For a glimpse of what Earth might be like without its protective magnetic shield, we just have to look at the lifeless surface of a world like Venus. A) We can never fully understand what Earth will look like without its protective magnetic shield unless we look at the surface of a dead world like Venus.
Lisa: – Interesting! Why do you think so?
B) If we want to see the future effect of a lack of protective magnetic shield on Earth, we can look at the other examples of worlds which have a dead surface, such as Venus.
Martha: – Well, having to work for a living gives us a feeling of self worth, and this feeling makes leisure time enjoyable.
C) To see how Earth is protected without a protective magnetic shield, the only thing to do is to analyze the dead surface of a world, such as Venus.
A) Robots can also allow us to rediscover the rich cultural life enjoyed by our less pressured ancestors.
D) In order to have an idea of what Earth may be like without its protective magnetic shield, we just have to observe the dead surface of other worlds, such as Venus.
B) I wouldn't like that. A world where virtually all work is carried out by robots would be a sad place. C) The idea of limitless leisure time sounds attractive, and I'm looking forward to living in such an environment. D) I don't think robots will ever be sophisticated enough to be able to do complicated tasks humans perform. E) That's good news, especially for those who hate going to work every day, as they'll have more time to do the things they enjoy.
E) Venus is the best example with its lifeless surface to help us look at what Earth might be like without the magnetic shield which protects it.
40. Most people are discouraged by setbacks, and this is why they fail to achieve their goals. A) Even though most people are dispirited by hardships, they still struggle to reach their aims. B) As they become disappointed by problems, many people either meet their goals or do not succeed. C) The reason why most people do not attain their objectives is that they are disheartened by difficulties. D) Whether or not they get discouraged by setbacks, most people fail to achieve their goals.
38. Second language learners can memorize new vocabulary much more readily when they learn them through pictures or mental imagery.
E) For many people, being demoralized by setbacks does not mean that they will not reach their goals.
A) While learning languages, repeating new words rather than creating mental images helps students to remember new words with less effort.
41. In addition to the advances in the electronics industry, a series of initiatives aimed at improving its transport network now contribute to the renaissance movements in India.
B) Learning new words by means of images and pictures in the mind enables students of foreign language to remember them far more easily.
A) Rather than advances in the electronics industry, the Indian renaissance has been largely marked by some recent attempts to improve the transport network.
C) If second language learners memorize new skill much better, they will be able to create mental imagery and pictures.
B) Apart from to the growth in the electronics, the Indian renaissance is currently being supported by some activities designed to enhance its transport network.
D) Visualizing, which is creating mental pictures, help improve vocabulary skills of those who desire to learn another language better. E) Once students learn and memorize new words, then they can effortlessly create images and pictures of their mind.
C) At present, the aim of the Indian renaissance is to improve not only its electronics industry, but also the transport network with some initiatives. D) The Indian renaissance, which mainly includes developments in the electronics field, aims to make the transport network better by means of several projects. E) As the electronics industry has been developed to a great extent due to a number of initiatives, the Indian renaissance is now aimed at enhancing the transport network.
YDS 2016 MİNİ DENEME 47 42. More than 99% of all species that have ever lived on Earth are now extinct. ---- For the rest, something more dramatic happened. They perished during relatively short-term mass extinction events that killed off large numbers of species worldwide. However, a tiny creature called tardigrade, also known as water bear, is widely accepted as master of survival. They are tiny, measuring about 1 mm long, and they can be found anywhere from the depths of the ocean to your backyard. They can survive in the most extreme conditions, including the cosmic radiation of space, 10 years without water, and intense volcanic heat. Tardigrades have been living on this planet a lot longer than w e have -about 500 million years, and that they have survived all five of the recent mass extinctions on this planet.
44. (I) Materials that are to be used for teaching young learners should be associated with their overall development level. (II) With standardized test scores in the US dropping in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on playground. (III) However, findings show that exercise and academics may not be mutually left aside. (IV) Physical activity can improve blood flow to the brain, memory, attention and creativity, which are essential to learning. (V) So, while it may seem as if children are just exercising their bodies when they are running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
A) This is the form that a tardigrade undergoes when there is a severe lack of oxygen B) Under some circumstances, the tardigrade's metabolic rate sinks to a hundredth of a percent of its normal rate C) Most were viable upon return, including some with unshielded exposure to solar radiation. D) The vast majority of these died out, because they could not compete successfully or they failed to adapt to changes in their environment. E) In 2007 NASA experiment, dormant tardigrades were exposed to vacuum and cold of open space for 10 days.
43. Little was known in the past about the economic life of Hittite Anatolia. ---- For instance, w e now know that the mining of such metals as copper, lead and silver, and that the metallurgical techniques used w ere relatively well advanced. Among agricultural activities, sheep farming was the most common, while in some districts horses were bred. In daily life, bread and beer were the staple foods in addition to dairy products.
45. (I) Our interest in what exactly differs humans from animals has inspired decades of research. (II) One popular idea is that our capacity for language sets us apart from other animals. (III) Unfortunately, delving into the science of ourselves has not yielded any conclusions about our identities. (IV) More recent accounts have incorporated emerging insights from evolutionary and developmental psychology. (V) For instance, in A Natural History of Human Thinking, Michael Tomasello argues that our ability to take on different perspectives makes us exceptional. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
46. (I) Nowadays, a tide of new technologies such as PCs, tablets and smart phones has brought a great change in society. (II) These devices have increased the amount of information available and improved access to information. (III) What had once been accessible only to the powerful became accessible to all. (IV) Many people have difficulty in keeping up with the complexity and control of these new devices. (V) They make it easier for people to exchange information and people became more aware of what is happening around. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
A) On the other hand, the Hittites had a considerable reverence for the law. B) However, some facts about the Hittite economy have been established in recent decades. C) In fact, every Hittite subject, except the members of the privileged class, was forced to assist in such public works as the upkeep of roads and temples. D) The Hittites first occupied central Anatolia, making their capital at Hattusha. E) Evidently, regulations in the Hittite civil code protected farmers, and some prices were fixed.
47. (I) With the Renaissance, came a revival of interest in the art of cooking. (II) One of the reasons for this was the invention of the fork, which made sophisticated dishes, unsuited for eating by hand, possible. (III) In the Dark Ages, the art of cooking had declined in Europe. (IV) However, people in Elizabethan England scorned the fork, preferring to continue using their hands. (V) Thus, the developments in the culinary arts only took effect in England at a later date. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
2015 YDS Mini DENEME 50
ARTI LANGUAGE SCHOOL
1. In UK, the ---- for income tax is about 3000 pounds per person; in other words, once you have earned over this amount, you start paying tax.
7. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the United States spends about 1 billion dollars a year just to ---- food waste.
A) barrier
A) set out
B) price
C) tradition
D) threshold
E) commodity
2. After the violent ---- in the political world during the last few decades, the existent old regime was changed to a policy of restoration. B) tangible
D) obsolete
C) scourge
B) beyond
D) across
E) around
9. Plenty of evidence has come ---- light to prove that Afghanistan has been involved ---- smuggling and narcotics production. A) through / on D) by / out
B) germ
D) recycle
C) about
E) myriad
3. Status as a natural-born citizen of the USA is one of the ---- requirements for election to the office of President, which is intended to protect the nation from foreign influence. A) stroke
C) pass out
E) wipe out
8. Vaccinating children ---- the contagious diseases like polio and measles has reduced the prevalence of these once dreaded ailments. A) against
A) upheaval
B) dispose of
D) capable of
B) above / under
C) to / in
E) along / upon
C) eligibility E) evidence
10. A giant insect thought ---- extinct since 1930 ---by a research team in 1960, with a colony of them clinging to a huge sea stack about 14 miles away.
4. The nervous systems of all animals have a number of basic functions in common, most the control of movement and the analysis of sensation. A) notably
B) promptly
D) fairly
E) approximately
A) to have been / was discovered B) to being / has discovered C) would be / discovered D) to be / had to discover E) having been / has been discovered
C) deniably 11. Before a nationwide vaccination campaign ---- , the infant mortality rate ---- to an alarming extent.
5. Costa Rica is known by many worldwide researchers as a country that values its ecosystem and takes ---- to protect it for future generations. A) funds
B) raises
D) spreads
C) poisons
A) is being introduced / would rise B) will be introduced / rose C) had been introduced / has risen D) will be introduced / was rising E) was introduced / had risen
E) measures
6. A meta-analysis ---- by the University of Cambridge has conclusively proved that diabetes is associated with obesity and sedentary life style. A) come across
B) set out
D) carried out
E) keen on
C) kept up
12. Actually, most of the crimes that ---- in the last year are not connected with violence, but this is not the picture that ---- up from watching TV coverage of the topic. A) were committed / had built B) have been committed / builds C) were being committed / was built D) had committed / would built E) would be committed / had been built
2015 YDS Mini DENEME 50
ARTI LANGUAGE SCHOOL
13. Under such circumstances, the CFO should never have been allowed to take charge of the operation,---he was the most senior of the officers available.
19. Private investments play ---- important a part in the long-running economic expansion ---- no government dares to raise tax on personal savings.
A) whereby
A) too / that
B) such / as
D) so / that
E) as / than
B) therefore
D) whenever
C) even though
E) as if
14. The answer to the question ---- great art can exist independently of religion or not will largely depend on society’s moral and aesthetic values. A) what
B) even if D) which
C) whether
E) since
15. ---- the manager was not satisfied with the contents of the document, he refused to sign it, and none of the members attempted to persuade him to, either. A) As
B) Whereas D) Instead
C) In that
E) Rather
16. Today the expansion of knowledge in astronomy, physics, chemistry, and biology is ---- vast and complex ---- grasp fully. A) so / that
B) too / to
D) more /than
E) as / as
C) just / as
17. Earth's magnetic field provides a shield for the atmosphere, ---- the preservation of habitable conditions on Earth would be impossible. A) without which
B) whom
D) which
E) that
C) whereby
18. Painters and sculptors may draw on mathematical and logical ideas ---- visual imagery and words, just as scientists inventing a new theory may do the reverse. A) since
B) if only
D) thus
E) neither
C) as well as
C) much / so
20. Japan is enormously centralized, and Tokyo, the capital city, hosts ---- the national government ---- the stock market and the world's largest companies. A) not only / but also
B) neither / nor
C) whether / or
D) just / as
E) in / that
Jean Piaget’s training included heavy doses of biology and philosophy. From philosophy came (21)---- of the content of his work. Piaget’s goal (22)---- his career was to use the study of children to answer basic philosophical questions about the nature and srcins of knowledge. His research (23)---- shows a consistent focus on what have long been central topics in philosophy: the child’s understanding of space, time, and causality, of number and quantity, of classes and relations, of invariance and change. Clearly, one reason Piaget’s studies (24)---- so much attention so far is that they identify such basic and important forms of knowledge. Another reason is Piaget’s surprising, and controversial, claim that these basic forms of knowledge often take a long time to (25)----.
21. A) few
B) that
D) much
E) several
22. A) against
B) at
D) besides
E) over
23. A) thus
B) quite
D) although
E) instead
C) many
C) throughout
C) rather
24. A) will attract
B) have attracted
C) were attracting
D) had attracted
E) are attracting
25. A) claim
B) succeed
D) predict
E) develop
C) ensure
2015 YDS Mini DENEME 50 26. ----, but it is easy to see proof of major market failures there as well.
ARTI LANGUAGE SCHOOL 30. The government imposed heavy tax on tobacco, ----
A) that is charged on the value of the sale to the final consumer A) It is possible for trade policy to ignore national welfare B) who ships or transports tobacco products to retailers B) Domestic market failure calls for domestic policy changes C) which aroused opposition from the tobacco industry C) Most deviations from free trade result in market failure D) We need to realize that economic theory does not provide a dogmatic defence of free trade
D) why the fee for cigars and other cigarette products will be increased E) before bar and restaurant smoking bans go into effect
E) The evidence that markets perform poorly is a little less obvious in advanced countries
27. The overall quality of life in today’s world cannot be improved ----.
31. Hummingbirds lose a lot of heat and body weight during the night, ----.
A) just as population growth would strain the global urban environment
A) that help them stay aloft with less energy
B) while the underdeveloped countries were ignored completely by international agencies like the United Nations and the World Bank
B) so they spend a lot of time feeding to replenish the energy they lost during the day C) nor migrate to distant regions
C) as the population of that part of the world rose from 800 million in 1960 to 1.2 billion in 1985
D) although various larger birds and snakes raid their nests for eggs
D) unless the developed countries are prepared to offer a helping hand to the underdeveloped
E) and they stored up energy for surviving the following night
E) whenever the OECD declines to support a series of projects for the development of poorer countries
28. Some avalanches move no faster than 40 kilometers per hour, ----.
32. Although it has been nearly a century since the Titanic sank in the Atlantic Ocean, ----.
A) a number of stories still continue to be told about the disaster A) while others have been estimated to have a speed of about 300 kilometers per hour B) even if the damage they did was minimal compared with the destruction caused by hurricanes and earthquakes C) despite the fact that snow lying on a steep slope is always liable to avalanche D) for the wind sometimes reaches a force almost equal to that of a tornado
B) one of the most interesting aspects about the tragic history of the luxurious ship is the passengers on board C) volumes of books and a number of films had already been produced D) she was labeled “unsinkable” before her disastrous voyage in April of 1912 E) the ship initially earned fame as the largest luxury ship on the open seas
E) so that in such areas measures may be taken to prevent large avalanches
29. Though free politics and free-market economics go most happily together, ----.
33. Although AIDS still has no cure, ----.
A) no new aid would be approved for six months
B) remarkable progress has been made in understanding and treating HIV infection
B) they could no longer blame the colonialists, who had withdrawn from America two or three decades before C) five years ago, dictatorships proclaiming socialists policies prevailed in Africa D) one does not necessarily lead to the other, nor does it guarantee its success E) Africans have shown that they want multiparty democracy and are beginning to achieve it
A) the devastating effects of HIV infection seemed unstoppable
C) a specific dietary strategy for the treatment of the disease has not been devised D) the severity of wasting may determine the duration of survival E) the causes of malnutrition and wasting in HIV infection are related to the disease itself
2015 YDS Mini DENEME 50 34. The movement of ocean currents creates moderating effects in some areas ----.
A) that represented a place of recreation, a means of transport, and a storehouse of food B) throughout recorded history people have used the ocean as a source of food C) where weather extremes might otherwise make life unpleasant D) since the 1960s, the production of oil has risen drastically E) by making use of the change in sea level by tidal cycles
ARTI LANGUAGE SCHOOL
38. More than 80 renowned German scientists and artists took refuge in Turkey from the Nazi persecution in the 1930s and 1940s. ---- . Among them were the Berlin Opera director Carl Ebert, the composer Paul Hindemith, philosophers and orientalists such as Ernst von Aster and Helmut Ritter. Close ties developed amongst various universities in the two countries as a result and these persist today. The German Academic Exchange Service awards various scholarships in Turkey. Professors and students teach and stu dy in both countries. A) Germany had always produced scientists who were renowned for their pioneering discoveries.
35. While it is possible to look directly at the stars at night because they are so far away, ----.
B) These were the worst years for those people who suffered immensely under the Nazi regime.
A) when sunlight passes through the spectrograph B) scientists estimate that the sun is about 4.55 billion years old C) the sun has been shining for more than 4.55 billion years
C) They worked in and also helped to develop and establish Turkish universities.
D) the sun is enormous compared to Earth and planets
D) Turkey was a country that accepted people from Germany during the Nazi persecution.
E) it is very dangerous to look directly at the sun
E) Many of them visited Istanbul because of its rich history.
36. Just as nobody could have predicted the impact of the steam engine in 1750, ----.
A) 3D printers were used for photocopying for many years B) 3D technology is likely to disrupt every field it touches C) it is unclear whether 3D printing requires additional material and effort D) technological change is profound enough to reset the economics of 3D printing E) it is impossible to foresee the long-term influence of 3D printing
37. Just as the human mind allows a person to develop a concept of intellectual self, ----.
39. The environment, whether it is natural or artificial, is the most fundamental ingredient of the tourism product. However, when tourism activity takes place, the environment is inevitably changed or modified, either to facilitate tourism or through the tourism production process. ----. Such considerations are treated with much greater respect than they were during the first twothirds of the last century. Relatively little research has been undertaken within a standardized framework to analyze tourism's impact on the environment. A) Therefore, the Great Wall of China, and the Taj Mahal have been preserved in such a way that tourism cannot do any harm to them.
A) each cell in a person’s body has molecules on its surface that are unique to that specific person
B) Environmental preservation and improvement programs are now an integral part of many development strategies.
B) the function of the immune system is to defend the body against invaders
C) So, it may be questionable as to whether it is wise to spare large amounts of funds on tourism.
C) virtually any organ can be attacked by the immune system, including the kidneys, lungs, heart and brain D) the immune system provides a concept of biological self
D) Tourism is responsible for high levels of air and noise pollution through the transportation networks and leisure activities.
E) the immune system is composed of cells and soluble substances
E) The problems associated with littering present significant danger to wildlife as well as being expensive to clear.
2015 YDS Mini DENEME 50
40. Absrcinal occupation of Australia goes back at least 40,000 years and probably longer. While there are significant differences in absrcinal occupation of space and the meaning they attach to the environment, there are also some common threads. Traditional absrcinal culture is very interesting in that it invests very little meaning in architecture or artificial spatial structures. ----. Here is a bond between one's "country" and its sacred places which house the spirit of certain species for which one has responsibilities. A) Australia was invaded by Britain, initially as a means of banishing what was perceived to be a genetically criminal class. B) The majority of the absrcinal paintings that are currently popular on the world art market are landscapes. C) Nevertheless, most of the land to which absrcinal people still spiritually belong, legally belongs to someone else. D) Absrcinal culture and identity is, however, profoundly rooted in landscape form and natural structures. E) However, Ayer's Rock, this enormous and beautiful rock, has become the dominant geographical symbol of Australia.
41. ----. We can hardly avoid commercial advertising designed to influence us. Interestingly, most people consider that they are less likely to be influenced than others by advertisements. This has been called "the third person effect". For example, if we see an ordinary product being advertised by using attractive models in an unusual setting, we suppose that we (and those like us) are wiser than others to the tricks of the advertising industry. In reality, we are just as susceptible. A) Advertising can easily change the market conditions. B) We cannot keep away from the influences of our friends. C) People are not oblivious to the persuasion attempts of advertising. D) Education programs help young people avoid such tricky commercials. E) It is generally accepted that people like attractive products.
ARTI LANGUAGE SCHOOL
42. In spite of the fact that Latin America has enjoyed a period of growth and stability, no other co untry in the region has achieved more monumental reduction in poverty than Venezuela. A) All of Latin America has experienced a period of growth and stability, but only Venezuela has been able to achieve a reduction in poverty in all its regions. B) Although growth and stability are common features throughout Latin America, the reduction in poverty is mainly due to the influence of Venezuela in the region. C) Venezuela has been incredibly successful at reducing poverty because the whole of Latin America has successfully undergone an enjoyable period of growth and stability. D) Even though Latin America has benefitted from a period of growth and stability, the most significant decrease of poverty in the region has been seen in Venezuela. E) All the countries in Latin America, which have undergone a period of growth and stability, have been able to reduce poverty – especially Venezuela.
43. Civilizations in the ancient Middle East, China, and India explored mathematical problems long before mathematics became a discipline itself. A) Before mathematics became a discipline itself, civilizations in the Middle East, China, and India had difficulty in analyzing mathematical problems. B) The enquiry of civilizations in the ancient Middle East, China, and India into mathematical problems led mathematics to become a discipline itself. C) By the time mathematics became a discipline on its own, nations in the ancient Middle East, China, and India had already investigated mathematical problems. D) It was not until mathematics became a discipline itself that civilizations in the ancient Middle East, China and India dealt with more mathematical problems. E) After mathematics had become a discipline itself, civilizations in the ancient Middle East, China, and India began to look into mathematical problems.
2015 YDS Mini DENEME 50
ARTI LANGUAGE SCHOOL
44. The reason behind the minister's refusal to make a statement to the press is uncertain, but I imagine he is playing for time.
A) The minister continues to find excuses for not making a statement to the press but before long, he will presumably have to do so. B) l cannot think why the minister still refuses to hold a press conference; perhaps he doesn't have the time. C) The minister, for some reason or another, still avoids a confrontation with the press but he cannot do this much longer.
47. (I) We have moved backwards in the last 50 or so years. (II) An international collaboration similar to the one that gave birth to Concorde is unthinkable under present day conditions. (III) It is not that the technology is not available or even that a prestigious aircraft would not be financially viable. (IV) The story of Concorde's long and challenging journey to full commercial flight certification is one of the most notable developments in aviation history. (V) It is more that the will and daring that made Concorde possible are not part of the scene today, in the way they were in the 1960s. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
D) No one knows why the minister is avoiding meeting the press, but I expect he will have to do so before long. E) It is not clear why the minister has declined to make a statement to the press, but presumably, it is a question of delay tactics.
45. For many years now transport planners in the UK have been demanding that motorists pay directly for the use of roads.
A) In the opinion of British transport planners, it is the motorists themselves who should have paid for the upkeep of the roads all these years. B) Over the years, transport planners in the UK have been suggesting that the upkeep of roads must be paid for by the motorists themselves. C) Transport planners in the UK have, for a long time now, been insisting that those who use the roads must pay for them directly. D) British transport planners recommended, a long time ago, that those who use the roads must pay for their upkeep directly. E) In Britain, transport planners have been arguing for many years that the upkeep of the roads is the responsibility of motorists.
46. (I) Training children to cope with the fear of treatment presents special problems for health psychologists. (II) Pediatric hospitals often offer some type of preparation program for children. (III) Group tours and discussions are the most common type of preparation, but the effectiveness of such interventions is questionable. (IV) Providing children and parents with information about hospital procedures and equipment is a more effective way to decrease anxiety. (V) Anxiety can be described as a psychological state that causes failure. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
48. (I) Apartheid is the legal and political endorsement or institutionalization of discrimination. (II) Even though South Africa has much to offer investors, its government has come under attack for its foreign policy. (III) It involves the assigning of an individual at birth into a certain class of citizen. (IV) In the case, for example, of the apartheid regime in South Africa, this classification depended on skin colour and four classes existed – white, coloured, Asian, and black. (V) Indeed, in the South African case, this distinction was made before birth, insofar as pregnant women could only be treated by doctors of their own skin colour. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
49. (I) Although there are considerable cultural differences between the various South Asian nationalities that have come to Britain, there are certain underlying similarities. (II) Families from rural areas in South Asia typically take a more extended form. (III) The rebuilding of extended family structures is vital to any community. (IV) They include three generations in the household and are organized through a network of males. (V) They are also strongly bound together by ideas of fraternity and family loyalty. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
50. (I) It seems that some form of electric battery may have been in use two centuries before Christ. (II) In 1938 the German archaeologist Wilhelm König found a small, oddly configured clay jar near Baghdad that he dated to 200 BC. (III) In any event, the modern history of batteries begins with the Italian scientist Alessandro Volta. (IV) It has a coiled copper-sheet inside and an iron rod extending through the top. (V) When filled with an acid such as vinegar, it could have generated 1.5 to 2.0 volts. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
2016 YDS MİNİ DENEME 50 1. Pledges by nations to cut carbon emissions will fall far short of those needed to ---- global warming unless individuals share the vision of a low-carbon society.
8. The first recorded ---- of cancer dates from 1500 BC in Egypt, where eight cases of breast carcinoma were treated with fire.
A) tackle
B) strive
A) instance
B) exception
D) elaborate
E) submit
D) departure
E) consumer
C) release
2. According to Health Statistics, many countries saw reductions in their healthcare ---- due to the prevailing economic recession. A) attraction D) adventure
B) endeavor E) struggle
C) expenditure
3. At a press conference, the UK government has ---- its ambitious new plan to keep the country’s science and innovation at the forefront of global excellence. A) collapsed
B) unveiled
D) sufficed
E) fostered
C) extracted
C) prediction
9. New members to the EU are admitted only when they demonstrate that they can ---- all the EU's standards and rules. A) set out
B) pay off
D) call for
E) comply with
C) collide with
10. ---- three best sellers, he feels it is now safe ---- his job and live on the income from h is writings. A) To have written / quitting B) Having been written / quit C) Having written / to quit
4. WHO works with countries to ---- ways of raising more funds for health equitably, to use the available
D) Writing / to have quit E) To be writing / having quit
funds efficiently, and to monitor the use of funds. A) spend
B) extinct
D) devise
E) disrupt
C) admire
5. Electricity producers in Canada ---- two-thirds of their power supply from fossil fuels, but they cannot get enough pipeline space to distribute natural gas.
11. The city of Marbella, which ---- once a quiet fishing town in Spain, ---- now into a cosmopolitan beach resort that is among the very best in Europe. A) is / was being transformed B) had been / transformed
A) preserve
B) share
D) expose
E) derive
C) shelter
C) has been / had been transformed D) was / has been transformed E) have been / will transform
6. Many theories have been proposed to illuminate the mystery behind human dreams, but strong ---- evidence remained largely elusive until recently. A) eager
B) hostile
D) insufficient
E) vulnerable
C) tangible
12. Jews were not the only people ---- from the damage inflicted by the Nazis, as their persecution ---- to millions of non-Jewish victims as well. A) to suffer / extended
7. The history of slavery ---- nearly every culture, nation and religion and from ancient times to the present day.
B) suffered / extending
A) urges
B) tends
D) to be suffered / has been extending
D) proves
E) ensures
C) spans
C) having suffered / to extend
E) suffer / is extending
2016 YDS MİNİ DENEME 50 13. ---- the types of individuals it seeks to attract, an organization ---- to consider what methods to use to reach them.
18. Generally, social media platforms can be thought as virtual meeting places that function to promote the exchange ---- media content ---- the users.
A) To have established / could need
A) to / through
B) of / between
B) Having established / needs
D) after / away
E) at / over
C) from / off
C) Establishing / had needed D) Established / needed E) Being established / will need
19. ---- you want to go surfing and sailing, ---- just relax and sun yourself on the beach, Hawaii is the ideal place for your holiday.
14. Since the emission fraud surfaced at the beginning of September, Volkswagen shares ---- by almost 40%, and several investigations into the company ----.
A) Neither / nor C) Whether / or E) Not only / but also
B) No sooner / than D) Both / as well
A) dropped / were launched B) drop / has launched 20. Like many other species, humans have survived and thrived, ---- they have a certain set of skills allowing them to adapt to and modify parts of the environment to increase their survival chances.
C) have dropped / have been launched D) had dropped / would launch E) is dropping / will be launched
15. For the last 20 years, there ---- an ongoing debate as to whether jazz ---- no longer an exclusively American let alone an Afro-American music.
A) unless D) although
B) after E) because
C) in case
21. Across Africa, experts estimate that more than 30% of malaria and tuberculosis medicines are fake, so over 700,000 people die per year ---- using those counterfeit drugs.
A) was / had been B) has been / is C) would be / was D) had been / might be E) could be / must be
16. The Egyptian vulture population of the Canary Islands ---- following the arrival of the first human settlers who ---- livestock to the islands. A) may be established / had brought
A) regardless of
B) in place of
D) as a result of
E) in spite of
C) in terms of
22. ---- the percentages vary, genetic and non-genetic factors appear to contribute about equivalently to the majority of traits and behaviors.
B) to establish / is bringing A) Once
C) would be established / bring
B) Because
C) Although
D) As soon as E) Just as
D) has established / might bring E) was established / brought
17. ---- the 50th anniversary of Winston Churchill's death, historians are reassessing the complex figure who carried Britain ---- its darkest times. A) From / with
B) In / of
D) On / through
E) About / in
C) To / for
23. Adam Smith, a classical economist, was a leading advocate of free trade ---- that it promoted the international division of labor. A) as soon as C) rather E) on the grounds
B) consequently D) in spite of
2016 YDS MİNİ DENEME 50 24. Corruption had not been a serious concern for governments and enterprises ---- transparency and accountability regulations came along. A) despite
B) unless
D) before
E) once
30. ---- handle air pollution crisis, Chinese government has recently announced that it plans to reduce hazardous emissions from coal-fired power plants by 50 percent over the next five years.
C) as long as
25. Divers off the Italian coast have discovered 2,000year-old Roman shipwreck that is ---- well-preserved ---- even the food in the cargo is intact.
A) Contrary to
B) Now that
D) In order to
E) Provided
C) While
31. ---- his numerous inventions of mechanical devices, Archimedes is also credited with many discoveries in the field of mathematics and physics.
A) so / that
B) as / as
C) more / than
D) either / or
E) whether / or
26. ---- the signing of the Antarctic Treaty in 1959, several countries had made claims to parts of Antarctica, some of which overlapped. A) Prior to
B) Unless
D) Though
E) Instead
C) In case
27. Continuous intake of calcium helps maintain a healthy skeleton, ---- several other minerals are needed for muscle function. A) no matter
B) in order to
D) because
E) while
C) despite
28. Most of the fears that we have in childhood are actually quite profound, ---- as we grow older and become more self-sufficient, the impact of such fears diminishes. A) thus
B) but
D) in case
E) rather than
A) Since
B) Along with
D) In contrast
E) Just as
C) Despite
32. Some popular diet books have misled consumers with deceptive claims, ----, they fail to provide an assessment of the results of their treatment plans for obesity. A) furthermore
B) nevertheless
D) otherwise
E) on the contrary
C) even so
33. Karl Benz was a German engineer, generally ---- the inventor of the first automobile powered by an internal combustion engine. A) enforced to
B) excluded from
D) regarded as
E) derived from
C) emerged from
34. Whereas slavery is no longer legal anywhere in the world, ----.
C) so that A) abolition movements during the first half of the 19th century eradicated slavery B) evidence of slavery predates written records
29. Patriarchy means superiority of the father, a term employed by sociologists to describe family structures where the father ---- the mother is dominant.
C) human trafficking remains an international problem, with an estimated 30 million people currently enslaved
A) as though
B) owing to
D) such institutions were a mixture of debt-slavery and punishment for crime
D) whenever
E) even if
C) rather than
E) around the year 1500, slavery had virtually died out in Western Europe
2016 YDS MİNİ DENEME 50 35. Although the common belief is that it was triggered by the 1929 crash of the stock market, ----.
38. It might not be practical to use a different password for every single website that you log into, ----.
A) the specific economic events that took place during the Great Depression have been studied thoroughly
A) so online shopping involves more than just a seller and a buyer
B) the causes of the Great Depression in the early 20th century are still a matter of debate among economists C) a deflation in commodity prices and disruption of trade ultimately resulted in widespread unemployment
B) although it is more suggestible for someone to rely on a computer engineer C) since nicknames on the Internet are not enough to protect you from harm
D) the Great Depression had devastating effects in countries both rich and poor E) cities all around the world were hit hard, especially those dependent on heavy industry
D) while the term ‘surfing’ has become more widespread as more people use computers E) but it is definitely worth having more than one for security reasons
36. ----, you can work on extinguishing any undesirable behaviours.
39. The nests birds leave behind provide clues about their lives and environment ----.
A) Unless you proceed to the interviewer’s office for your interview
A) as the architectural complexity of these nests hardly untangles their genealogy
B) Although previous work experience is sought by almost all employers nowadays
B) just as archaeological sites supply glimpses of human history
C) Once you are able to see yourself interacting with others
C) but nest-collecting was a popular boyhood hobby in the 19th century
D) Whereas there is much to be learned about human nature in general
D) despite the fact that they remain a largely untapped scientific resource
E) Just as any communicative event requires at least one person to be around
E) before they lay eggs in order to sustain the continuation of their species
37. ----, Pythagoras developed both scientific and eccentric theories about the physical universe.
40. ----, while the early pioneers of intelligence testing were mostly interested in theoretical questions about the nature of intelligence.
A) Even if new inventions had replaced the tools that were used in prehistoric times
A) IQ tests initially ignored the development of intelligence
B) Since he was favoured neither by the public nor by any influential government authorities
B) Determining what intelligence is and how it changes has not been easy
C) Despite having computed the distance between the Sun and the Moon D) Because Greece was threatened by an invading army
C) Theoretical issues in intelligence testing tradition have overshadowed practical ones
E) In addition to figuring out useful things related to triangles
D) Any approach to intelligence must have confronted the question of its structure E) The pragmatic srcins and uses of IQ tests have recently been emphasized
2016 YDS MİNİ DENEME 50 41. Unless international cooperation is ensured to ban the non-essential uses of some chemicals, ----. A) the depletion of the ozone layer will continue to pose a serious threat to human health B) the buildup of oxygen in the atmosphere led to the formation of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere C) ozone layer absorbs 93-99% of the sun's high frequency ultraviolet light D) the term ozone hole can be employed to describe any episode of ozone depletion, no matter how minor E) ozone measurements exhibit year to year variability, but do not show any increasing or decreasing trend
42. Until recently, it was generally accepted that Felix Hoffmann developed aspirin to help his rheumatic father, ----. A) he also claimed to be responsible for aspirin's initial clinical testing B) this version was ignored by historians and chemists until 1999
44. The study of quality of life is important not only because it addresses threats to well being, but also because it sheds light on the factors that keep older adults from excessive reliance on public programs. A) Those who study quality of life think that their work is important not because they help older people find ways to get rid of their excessive reliance on public programs, but because they try to tackle threats to well‐being. B) Addressing problems of well ‐being is more important, according to the findings of the study of quality of life, than providing the elderly with an understanding of how to pursue a life without being dependant on public programs. C) What makes the study of quality of life important is that it responds to issues that pose risks to well‐being and it provides us with insight into the factors that help older people avoid becoming too reliant on public programs. D) Why elderly have become more aware of the factors that help them to keep away from extreme reliance on public programs is that the study of quality of life has proved to be important as it is able to address threats to well‐being. E) There are threats to well ‐being, but the study of life quality is an important field that addresses the problems by providing older people with an understanding of how to protect themselves from reliance on public programs.
C) Bayer asserted that the invention of aspirin was due to Hoffmann D) the company then worked to develop a cost-effective process to market it as a pharmaceutical product E) but a new investigation has revealed that it is Arthur Eichengrün who deserves credit for the invention of aspirin
45. The impact of acid rain has diminished in many countries thanks to laws and policies that require the pollution from coal fired power stations to be reduced. A) Due to the laws and policies that have decreased the impact of acid rain, pollution from coal ‐fired power stations has been reduced in many countries.
43. Some firms provide special services for frequent buyers, such as encouraging repeat business with discounts, ----. A) because their previous experience may not be relevant B) so that making purchases from them can become a part of the customer’s routine C) although this practice is similar to the process of problem solving D) when consumers face a really new concept E) as it does not confirm how long this offer will be valid
B) Since there are laws and policies in many countries that have reduced the pollution from coal ‐fired power stations, the impact of acid rain has been softened. C) Despite the laws and policies that reduced the impact of the pollution from coal‐fired power stations, acid rain has decreased in many countries. D) The effect of acid rain has been reduced both through the decrease in the pollution from coal ‐fired power stations and laws and policies in many countries. E) If there were no codes and schemes necessitating reduction in coal plant-induced pollution, the effect of acid rain would not decrease in most countries.
2016 YDS MİNİ DENEME 50 46. Terms such as addiction and dependency are often used to describe patterns of illicit drug use. As a result, it is difficult to estimate the number of drug users who can be described as addicted or dependant. Addiction tends to refer to dependence on a particular drug or drugs, which has developed to the extent that it has a severe and harmful impact on an individual drug user. Dependency can refer to physical or emotional dependency and drug users may experience one or both forms. A) Drug users can become physically dependant on drugs, thus continuing with their drug use in order to avoid the
48. (I) Life first stirred on this planet about three and a half billion years ago. (II) At first, and for immense periods from then on, it was comprised only of the simplest single-celled organisms. (III) Powered by sunlight, these early life forms took carbon dioxide gas and water from their environment and used these materials to make carbohydrates as a means to produce energy. (IV) Carbohydrates are essential elements for carbon-based organisms to produce energy to continue their existence. (V) As a by-product they released oxygen and therefore changed the atmosphere over billions of years. A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
physical discomfort of withdrawal. B) The term dependency is preferable to addiction because the latter is linked to negative images of drug use. C) Sociological analysis of drug use has played a significant role in challenging the medicalization of deviant behavior. D) Drug users can also become emotionally dependant on drugs, relying on drug use to seek pleasure or to avoid pain. E) However, there are no universal definitions of these terms and they are frequently used inconsistently and interchangeably.
49. (I) In the fall of 2000 and the winter of 2001, Britain was beset by a series of problems. (II) In September 2000, rising oil prices prompted protests by truck drivers and farmers who demanded a reduction in the fuel tax. (III) In November 2000, a series of severe rainstorms and tornadoes caused high flooding and killed 12 people. (IV) In June 2001, Blair won a second landslide victory, with the Labour Party capturing 413 seats in Parliament. (V) In February 2001, foot-and-mouth disease broke out among British livestock, prompting other countries to ban British meat import and forcing the slaughter of thousands of cattle, pigs and sheep. A) I
47. (I) The philosophic foundation of most animal rights groups grows from a view that all living species are equal and equally worthy of dignity and freedom. (II) Animal rights is a political movement, started in the 20th century, that argues for the rights of animals against domination or abuse by human beings. (III) This ranges from opposition to experimentation on animals to prevention of cruel or neglectful treatment of farm or domestic animals, to vegetarianism, or the non‐eating of meat. (IV) Animal rights organizations use a variety of means to assert their cause. (V) These include lobbying legislatures to pass laws protecting animals and public demonstrations around animal laboratories. B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
C) III
D) IV
E) V
50. (I) Science is systematic because of the attention it gives to organizing knowledge and making it readily accessible to all who wish to build on its foundation. (II) If the results support the hypothesis, the scientist may use them to generate related hypotheses. (III) In this way, science is both a personal and a social endeavour. (IV) In other words, it is beneficial both to the individual and to society at large. (V) Moreover, science contributes a great deal to the improvement and the quality of human life. A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
YDS Mini Deneme 40 Soru 1. Much of our knowledge of the ---- lives of the ancient Romans has been derived from the excavations at Pompeii.
8. Raphael’s final works ---- so good that the Prado and the Louvre ---- a whole exhibition to them.
A) artificial
B) daily
A) is / would have dedicated
D) convenient
E) extensive
C) complete
B) were / have dedicated C) had been / might have dedicated D) would be / would be dedicating E) can be / was dedicating
2. Language learning can ---- in interesting ways across different societies and cultural settings.
A) divide
B) distract
D) tend
E) dismay
C) vary 9. The basin of the Amazon River ---- by rainforests and, therefore, ---- the wettest region on Earth.
A) had been covered / would be 3. The most expensive new technological devices in the world are becoming more ---- and showing up in some unlikely places.
B) was covered / had been
A) defensive
B) fragile
E) is covered / is
D) accessible
E) distinct
C) admirable
C) covers / has been D) was covering / was
4. Through the ages, drugs have be en enormously ----in relieving suffering and in preventing and treating diseases.
10. Recent evidence ---- that dinosaurs ---- warm-blooded and capable of moving extremely fast.
A) current
B) persistent
A) has suggested / can be
D) excessive
E) profound
C) beneficial
B) will suggest / would be C) suggested / should have been D) suggests / may have been E) had suggested / might be
5. Pain is a highly subjective ---- that no two people experience in exactly the same way.
A) regulation D) coincidence
B) sensation
C) reinforcement
E) inquiry
11. The latest scientific studies ---- that small children usually ---- greater taste sensitivity than adults.
A) have found / possess B) found / had possessed 6. A more realistic choice would be to adopt more effective strategies to ---- work-related stress.
A) set out
B) put off
C) bring up
D) cope with
E) pass out
7. A stroke occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is --- for longer than a few seconds.
A) left off D) taken after
B) cut off E) called for
C) looked out
C) find / will possess D) will find / have possessed E) had found / possessed
12. It has been four centuries since the Catholic Church condemned Galileo Galilei ---- declaring that the earth revolved ---- the sun.
A) about / from
B) against / with
C) for / around
D) with / near
E) on / through
YDS Mini Deneme 40 Soru 13. ---- African nations got their independence, the first thing they did was to change place names in their countries.
A) Just as
B) If
D) Until
E) When
C) Unless
A) Despite C) As a result of E) Rather than
14. By the time a child reaches 3 years of age, his brain is mature, ---- his muscles and bones still need to be fullygrown.
A) as well as
B) but
D) therefore
E) even
20. ---- deriving two-thirds of its power supply from fossil fuels, power producers in India cannot get enough pipeline space to distribute natural gas.
C) besides
Turkmenistan was once (15)---- of the ancient Persian Empire. The Turkmen people were srcinally nomads, and some of them (16)---- this way of life up into the 20th century, living in transportable tents. (17)---- territory was ruled by the Seljuk Turks in the 11th century. The Mongols of Genghis Khan conquered Turkmenistan in the 13th century and dominated the area (18)---- the next two centuries (19)----they were deposed in the late 15th century by invading Uzbeks.
B) Besides D) On behalf of
21. The EU has put forward that policies to cut greenhouse gases will not work ---- individuals share the vision of a lowcarbon society.
A) as if
B) after
D) while
E) unless
C) but
22. Cabbage ---- as early as 2000 B.C., and commercial varieties now ---- Brussels sprouts, common cabbage, sprouting broccoli, and kohlrabi.
A) might have been cultivated / have included B) had been cultivated / included C) would be cultivated / used to include D) would have been cultivated / can include E) was cultivated / include
15. part
A) territory B) area E) land
C) region
D) 23. They are installing a great deal of information technology, ---- the staff are quite incapable of using it.
16. A) have continued C) had continued E) continue
B) continued D) are continuing
17. A) A
B) Some
D) Much
E) Many
18. A) about
B) for
D) after
E) along
C) The
A) owing to
B) whenever
D) even so
E) even though
C) as though
24. Today virtually all country and suburban weeklies and small dailies are produced by offset lithography, a procedure ---- photographs can be reproduced inexpensively.
A) why
B) that
D) whether
E) by which
C) which
C) at 25. Though most scientists agree that a deadly epidemic of influenza will occur, ----.
A) nobody knows when or how it will happen 19. B) they will attend an international conference on the disease A) while
B) if
D) until
E) that
C) whether C) they cannot decide whether anybody should die D) most countries had taken some measures to improve their health systems E) a number of meetings will be held to discuss new diseases
YDS Mini Deneme 40 Soru 26. Because the water we use may be polluted, ----.
A) the government has encouraged investments B) it is unnecessary to purchase a water filter C) the authorities have been assured of its quality
31. ---- that it produces national cohesion in the target countries.
A) The single most important effect of terrorism is B) The bombing of resorts is a recent development
D) we should not have wasted it
C) In a globalized world small groups of people can cause big trouble
E) we must first analyze it in the laboratory
D) Terrorists are at an inherent disadvantage E) Suicide-bomb attacks against ordinary citizens followed
27. ---- that runs between Paris and Lyon.
A) High-speed trains in France are famous for their superb meals B) The French high-speed train, known as TGV, is an electric train C) In France, most trains are extremely crowded
32. A 10% increase in the cost of hospital services causes poorer households to cut back their hospital care by 4.7%, ----.
A) in spite of the fact that many developing nations would
D) The French railway system is very complicated
subsidize medical care
E) The French government invests a lot of money to improve its nationwide railway system
B) thus the difference between poor and wealthy households is even larger C) whereas the wealthy have to do the same by only 2.9%
28. Although conventional IQ tests are good predictors of college grades, ----.
D) because the higher price of medical care would not affect the wealthy at all
A) there are actually very few really exceptional individuals
E) but the same pattern occurs in the demand for medical services in poorer households
B) they are still the best single predictor of overall success C) they are less valid for predicting later job success D) some weaker students have become charismatic leaders E) brain damage does not necessarily impair certain types of intelligence
33. Unless all c ountries in the developed world reduce their fossil fuel consumption drastically, ----
A) problems relating to global warming are numerous 29. Because unemployment is rising and wages are falling, ---.
B) this was not enough to improve fuel efficiency
A) the government would soon be out-of-favor
D) there have been major innovations in personal transportation
B) Americans are naturally worried about the state of the economy
C) the price of petrol rises steadily
vehicles E) the negative consequences of global warming will increase
C) the state of panic was regarded as unfounded D) no one could lose on the stock market E) it would have been a good time to change your car
34. When the gene responsible for certain speech defects was detected, ----.
30. ---- before he became a film-maker.
A) the human talent for speech developed as the need for communication emerged
A) The director of the Titanic now plans to make a film of the sinking of the Bismarck
B) it provided evidence that the ability to speak is encoded in our DNA
B) He is best known as the director of the film Titanic
C) a few species like parrots were able to learn vocal patterns by imitating their parents or owners
C) The director of the film Titanic was a scuba diver D) The film’s director has been fascinated by wrecks E) He is interested in why the Titanic sank
D) children have problems in reproducing sounds E) its role in speech development needs to be clarified
YDS Mini Deneme 40 Soru 35. Five years after the end of the war in Liberia, the health sector is struggling to cope with the needs of the people.
38. The current global crisis has changed the way we think about the poor.
A) Liberya’da savaş beş yıl önce bittiği hâlde, sağlık sektörü halkın ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada büyük zorluk çekmektedir.
A) Yoksullar hakkındaki düşüncelerimizi değiştiren günümüzde devam eden küresel krizdir.
B) Liberya’da savaşın bitişinden beş yıl sonra, sağlık sektörü halkın ihtiyaçlarıyla başa çıkmak için mücadele ediyor.
B) Yoksullar hakkındaki düşüncelerimiz, devam eden küresel krizle tamamen değişmiş bulunmaktadır.
C) Liberya’da beş yıl süren savaş sonrasında, halkın ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaya çalışan sağlık sektörü, ayakta durmaya çalışıyor.
C) Günümüzdeki küresel kriz, bizi yoksullar hakkında farklı düşünmeye yöneltiyor.
D) Beş yıl önce Liberya’da savaş bitince, sağlık sektörü halkın ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaya yoğunlaşmıştır.
D) Mevcut küresel kriz, yoksullara yönelik düşünme şeklimizi değiştirmiştir.
E) Liberya’da savaş beş yıl önce bitmiştir, ancak sağlık sektörü halkın ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için daha yeni faaliyete geçmiştir.
E) Bugünkü küresel kriz nedeniyle yoksullara ilişkin düşüncelerimizde önemli değişiklikler olmuştur.
36. China and India have banned the use of prenatal diagnostic techniques to learn the sex of an unborn child.
A) Çin ve Hindistan’da, doğum öncesi bazı tanı tekniklerinin kullanımı yasaklanınca, doğmamış çocukların cinsiyeti artık öğrenilemiyor. B) Çin’de ve Hindistan’da doğum öncesi tanı tekniklerini kullanmak yasak olduğundan, çocukların cinsiyeti doğumdan önce öğrenilemiyor. C) Hindistan gibi Çin’de de, çocukların cinsiyetini doğumdan önce öğrenmek için kullanılan tanı teknikleri
39. Aşağı yukarı aynı büyüklükte ve Güneş’e aynı uzaklıkta olan Dünya ve Venüs sıklıkla ikiz gezegenler olarak nitelendirilir.
A) It is usual to refer to Earth and Venus as twin planets as they are almost the same size and distance from the Sun. B) Since Earth and Venus are roughly the same size and distance from the Sun it is only natural that they should be regarded as twin planets. C) Earth and Venus, being roughly the same size and distance from the Sun, are often regarded as twin planets.
yasaklandı. D) Çin ve Hindistan, doğmamış çocuğun cinsiyetini öğrenmek için doğum öncesi tanı tekniklerinin kullanımını yasaklamıştır. E) Çin ve Hindistan, doğum öncesi tanı tekniklerini, bunların çocukların cinsiyetini öğrenmek için kullanılması nedeniyle yasakladığını ilan etti.
37. Uyku sağlıklı kalmamız için gereklidir, fakat bunun neden böyle olduğu ya da tam olarak nasıl işlediği henüz bütünüyle anlaşılmamıştır.
A) Sleeping for us to stay healthy is our requirement, yet why this has happened like this or just how it is managed hasn’t been able to be understood yet. B) It is still not possible to fully understand why this happened or the exact functioning of it, but for us to stay healthy, sleep is necessary. C) That sleep must be performed by us for our health to continue is true, but the cause of this and the exact works of this are not fully understood yet. D) We have found it necessary to sleep for keeping our health, but the full understanding of the reason for its being this way or the exact management of it is not reached. E) Sleep is necessary in order for us to stay healthy, but why this is so or exactly how it works cannot yet be fully understood.
D) It is because they are exactly the same size and distance from the Sun that Earth and Venus are known as the twin planets. E) By the twin planets we mean Earth and Venus which are nearly the same size and are equidistant from the Sun.
40. Bilimadamları, Hiroşima’ya bomba atan uçağın yok olmaktan kurtulmak için, patlamadan en az 14 km uzakta olmuş olması gerektiğini hesapladılar.
A) Since the aircraft that dropped the bomb on Hiroshima was unharmed by the blast it must, in the opinion of various scientists, have been more than 14 km away. B) Scientists wanted the aircraft that dropped the bomb on Hiroshima to be at a distance of at least 14 km from the explosion and so be out of danger. C) Scientists are of the opinion that the aircraft that dropped the bomb on Hiroshima would have been destroyed in the blast if it had been less than 14 km away. D) Scientists calculated that the aircraft that dropped the bomb on Hiroshima must have been at least 14 km away from the blast so as not to be destroyed. E) Scientists have established the fact that the aircraft that dropped the bomb on Hiroshima escaped destruction because it got a full 14 km away before the explosion occurred.
