TRANSISTOR COMMON-BASE CONFIGURATION
PHYSICS
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
Name: Joydeep Naskar Naskar Class: XII- Science Roll: School: Kendriya Vidyalaya, IIM Joka Session: 20!-"
INDEX S. No.
Title
1
Acknowledgement
2
Certifcate
3
Introduction Experiment
4
5.
-Aim -Materials required -Observation -Result
ibliograp!"
Acknowledgement I would like to thank the CBSE, for providing me the opportunity to carry out this investigatory project. I also take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to my hysics teacher, , for guiding me and imparting a sound (ase of knowledge pertaining to this topic which ensured the successful completion of this project. I would also like to thank him for unending assistance to ena(le completion of the exercise.
CERTIFICATE #!is is to !ereb" certi$" t!at t!e original and genuine investigator" pro%ect !as been completed sincerel" and satis$actoril" b" Joydeep Naskar o$ class XII S!. "e#driya$idyalaya II%Joka& "olkata& regarding !is pro%ect titled 'To st'dy t(e e)e!t o* +ario's sol'tes o# t(e ele+atio# o* ,oili#- poi#t o* ater/ as per t!e C(E practical work requirement $or t!e session )*+,-)*+.
#eacher$s Si%na&'re
()aminer$s Si%na&'re
* &ransis&or is a &hree &erminal ac&i+e de+ice #he &erminals are emi&&er, ase, collec&or In C. con/i%'ra&ion, &he ase is common &o o&h inp'& emi&&er1 and o'&p'& collec&or1 or normal opera&ion, &he (-. 3'nc&ion is /or4ard iased and C-. 3'nc&ion is re+erse iased In C. con/i%'ra&ion, I( is 5+e, IC is 6+e and I. is 6+e 7i&h an increasin% &he re+erse collec&or +ol&a%e, &he space-char%e 4id&h a& &he o'&p'& 3'nc&ion increases and &he e//ec&i+e ase 4id&h 87$ decreases #his phenomenon is kno4n as 9(arly e//ec& #hen, &here 4ill e less chance /or recomina&ion 4i&hin &he ase re%ion 7i&h increase o/ char%e %radien& 4i&hin &he ase re%ion, &he c'rren& o/ minori&y carriers in3ec&ed across &he emi&&er 3'nc&ion increases #he c'rren& ampli/ica&ion /ac&or o/ C. con/i%'ra&ion is %i+en y, ;< =IC> =I(
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
AIM: #o oser+e and dra4 &he inp'& and o'&p'& charac&eris&ics o/ a &ransis&or connec&ed in common ase con/i%'ra&ion 2 #o /ind c'rren& %ain ;1 o/ &he %i+en &ransis&or
MATERIALS REQUIRED: * pnp #ransis&or 2 Re%'la&ed po4er s'pply 0-?0V, *1 and a ?-V a&&ery ? Vol&me&er 0-?0V1
@ *mme&ers 0-!0m*1 ! 2 hi%h resis&ance rheos&a&s " Connec&in% 4ires
PROCEDURE: INPUT CHARACTERISTICS: Connec&ions are made as per &he circ'i& dia%ram 2 or plo&&in% &he inp'& charac&eris&ics, &he o'&p'& +ol&a%e V C( is kep& cons&an& a& 0V and /or di//eren& +al'es o/ V (. no&e do4n &he +al'es o/ I( ? Repea& &he ao+e s&ep keepin% V C. a& 2V, @V, and "V *ll &he readin%s are &a'la&ed @ * %raph is dra4n e&4een V(. and I( /or cons&an& VC.
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS: Connec&ions are made as per &he circ'i& dia%ram 2 or plo&&in% &he o'&p'& charac&eris&ics, &he inp'& I( is kep& cons&an& a& 0m* and /or di//eren& +al'es o/ V C., no&e do4n &he +al'es o/ IC ? Repea& &he ao+e s&ep /or &he +al'es o/ I ( a& 20m*, @0m*, and "0m*, all &he readin%s are &a'la&ed @ * %raph is dra4n e&4een VC. and Ic /or cons&an& I(
OBSERATIONS: 2 ? @ ! " D
Aeas& co'n& o/ +ol&me&er Vi < 0V Ran%e o/ +ol&me&er Vi< 0-! +ol&s Bero error o/ +ol&me&er Vi< No error Aeas& co'n& o/ +ol&me&er V0 < 0V Ran%e o/ +ol&me&er V0<0 &o !V Bero error o/ +ol&me&er V0< No error Ran%e o/ milli-amme&er< 0-!0m* Bero error o/ milli-amme&er< No error
T!"le #o$ %n&'t c(!$!cte$%)t%c)
Sl
.ase-emi&&er +ol&a%e V(.V1
(mi&&er c'rren& I ( m*1 /or VC.< 0V
VC.< -2V
VC.< -@V
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.ase-collec&or +ol&a%e VC.V1
Collec&or c'rren& IC m*1 /or I(
I(<0m*
I(<20m*
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2
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No
T!"le #o$ t$!n)#e$ c(!$!cte$%)t%c)
Sl No
(mi&&er c'rren& I ( Collec&or c'rren& IC m*1 /or m*1 VC.< 0V VC.< -2V VC.< -@V
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CALCULATIONS
RESULT #he inp'&, o'&p'& and &rans/er charac&eris&ics are sho4n in &he ad3oinin% %raphs 2 #he c'rren& %ain, ; < ? #he
+ol&a%e %ain, *+ <
PRECAUTIONS #he s'pply +ol&a%es sho'ld no& e)ceed &he ra&in% o/ &he &ransis&or 2 Me&ers sho'ld e connec&ed properly accordin% &o &heir polari&ies
SOURCES O* ERROR #he &ransis&or may e /a'l&y
BIBILOGRPAH+ Various books and websites were referred while making this project: 1 Ph!sics "e#tbook for class $II% Part&I% 'C()" * Ph!sics +aborator! ,anual for class $II% 'C()" - .ikipedia/org 0 Connect(du 2 Youtube/com
