Calculations Cheat Sheet.. 2016
Conversions Cheat Sheet Value
To
Value
1 gram
=
1000 milligram
1 milligram
=
1,000 micrograms
1 grain
=
60 mg
1 tablespoon
=
3 teaspoons
1 teaspoon
=
5 milliliters
1 tablespoon
=
15 milliliters
1 ounce
=
30 milliliters (approximately)
1 cup
=
ounces
1 poun!
=
"#" $ilograms
1 inch
=
"#5% centimeters
1 &'ahrenheit
=
5 &Celsius
1 *uart
=
3" ounces
1 pint
=
16 ounces
% *uarts
=
pints
1 gallon
=
1" ounces
1 *uart
=
" pints
WEIGHT: 1 kg
2.2 lbs
.45 kg
1 lb (approximatel y)
16 ounces
1pt.
32 ounces
1qt.
METRIC UNIT MNEMONIC:
MONDA
DRINKI
KING
HARRY
DIED
Y
N'
COLD
1,000
100
10
1
0#1
0#01
0#001
0#000,001
+ilogra m
ectogra m
-e$agra m
.ram
-eci
Centigra m
/illigra m
/icrogra
+iloliter
ectoliter
-e$aliter
iter
-eciliter
Centiliter
/illiliter
/icroliter
+ilomet er
ectomet er
-ecamet er
/eter
-ecimeter
Centimet er
/illimet er
/icromet
Drops per Minute
(otal !olume " #rip $actor) % time in minutes
Milliliters per &our
otal !olume in m' % number o$ ours
n$usion ime
otal !olume to be in$use# % m' per our to be in$use#
*#ult Drip +actor e#iatric Drip +actor •
• •
2, gtts-minute 6, gtts-minute
Maintenance +lui# /ate (m.$.r. $or te purposes o$ tis paper) 1st 1,kg0 1,,m' " kg o 2n# 1,kg0 5,m' " kg o 3r# $or e!ery a##itional kg0 2,m' " kg o
+32-1. + 1."32
Celsius to 'ahrenheit °C x 9/5 + 3 ! °" 'ahrenheit to Celsius #°" $ 3% x 5/9 ! °C 2 Celsius to 'ahrenheit 3&° Cel(u x 9/5 + 3 ! 9)*° 2 'ahrenheit to Celsius
MILKY MOCAS
9)*)° "a,-e.,e( $ 3 x 5/9 ! 3&*0° Cel(u • • • • • • • •
1 +areneit is equi!alent to 5- elcius Min 7 &r (% by 6,) &r 8 Min (" by 6,) 1 inc 2.54cm 1cm ,.339,1 5ml 1 : 15m' 1 ;: 3,m' 1<=
•
Nusin! Con"esions #ith $o%ulas& 'osa!es an( I)s )olu%e Chat 6, minims
1 #ram
(4cc *potecary) 5cc Metric
4 #rams
,.5 ounces
1tbs
#rams
1 ounce
16 ounces
1pt.
32 ounces
1qt.
1tsp
(Student Nurse Information Center, 2002) • • •
mc' 7 m' 7 ' 7 k' (% by 1>,,,) mc' 8 m' 8 ' 8 k' (" by 1>,,,) Me#ications are o$ten a#ministere# in units o$ milligrams (mg) an# milliliters (m'). 'iters> milliliters an# microliters are use# to express #rug !olume $or #osing.
Te12e-au-e Co.e-(o. "o-1ula • • • •
+32-1. + 1."32 1 +areneit is equi!alent to 5- elcius n me#ical settings> temperature is usually re$erre# to in #egrees () elcius.
Nu-(.4 Co.e-(o. C,ea Coe 4n me!ical settings, temperature is usually reerre! to in !egrees () Celcius#
Ma • • • • •
mcg 7 mg 7 g 7 kg mcg 8 mg 8 g 8 kg lb 7 kg ( % by 2.2 ) lb 8 kg ( x by 2.2 ) Mass $or Mass0
( % by 1>,,, ) ( x by 1>,,, )
&o? many tablets #o you require> once gi!en te amount o$ mass per tablet@
once gi!en te amount o$ mass per liqui#@ o
•
.rams, milligrams an! micrograms are use! to !rug mass or !osing#
'u! Calculations *o Ti%e& Wei!ht an( Hei!ht Ti%e • •
Min 7 &r (% by 6,) &r 8 Min (" by 6,)
•
Le.4,
Ca2a6(7/Volu1e
8e(4,
1 in = "#5% cm
1 7bsp = 3 tsp
1 $g = "#" lb
1 t = 1" in
1 8 o9 = " tbsp
1 lb = 0#%5 $g
3 t = 1 y!
1 c = 8 o9
lb = $g
1 y! = 36 in
1 pt = " c
1 7 = "000 lb
1 mi = 5"0 t
1 *t = " pt
1 gm = 1000 mg
1 mi = 1:60 t
1 gal = % *ts
1 mg = 1000 mcg
Stan!ar! to /ilitary 7ime Conversion Sa.a-
Sa.a-
T(1e
M(l(a-7 T(1e
T(1e
M(l(a-7 T(1e
1"00 am
0000
1"00 pm
1"00
100 am
0100
100 pm
1300
"00 am
0"00
"00 pm
1%00
300 am
0300
300 pm
1500
%00 am
0%00
%00 pm
1600
Sa.a-
Sa.a-
T(1e
M(l(a-7 T(1e
T(1e
M(l(a-7 T(1e
500 am
0500
500 pm
1:00
600 am
0600
600 pm
100
:00 am
0:00
:00 pm
100
00 am
000
00 pm
"000
00 am
000
00 pm
"100
1000 am
1000
1000 pm
""00
1100 am
1100
1100 pm
"300
Nu-(.4 Co.e-(o. C,ea Coe 4n me!ical settings, military time is use! rather than civilian (stan!ar!conventional) time units in an e;ort to prevent conusion in !ocumentation an! in the /e!ical
8e(4, •
Me#ication a#ministration tat relies upon a patientCs ?eigt is calculate# in kilograms (kg) rater tan poun#s (lb).
1 kg
2.2 lbs
.45 kg
1 lb (approximately)
•
•
on!ersion o$ patientC ?eigt0 2.2 " (?eigt in poun#s)E patientC ?eigt in kilograms o 2.2 % (?eigt in kilograms)E p atientC ?eigt in poun#s o Dosage by Feigt0 Feigt in Gg " Dosage er Gg A (/equire# Dosage) o
Hei!ht • • •
* patientCs eigt ?ill be measure# an# #ocumente# in me#ical recor#s as centimeters (cm). 1 inc 2.54cm 1cm ,.339,1
I) •
B pumps are $ormatte# in milliliters per our (m'-) an# typically roun#e# to te nearest 1,ts place
•
• •
Most common equipment $or in$using B me#ications in clinical practices0 Bolumetric pump (or oter electronic in$usion #e!ice) e B $lo? rate is type# into te !olumetric pump (4, m'-) (!olume o!er time) B gravity #rips use manual pumps> relying on gra!ity $or a stea#y #rop rate HDrops per minuteH re$ers to te number o$ #rops tat enter te #rip camber per o minute Ira!ity #rips are roun#e# to te nearest ?ole number o Ira!ity #rips are uncommon in J: me#ical settings o Ira!ity #rips require a #rop $actor (unless oter?ise state#) o :tan#ar# #rop $actor $or pe#iatrics0 Micro#rip> 6, gtts-minute :tan#ar# #rop $actor $or a#ults0 Macro#rip ree siKes $or a macro#rip0 2, gtts-m'> 15 gtts-m' an# 1, gtts-Ml
4ntravenous >ursing 'ormulas Calculation Chart IV "o-1ula
Cal6ula(o.
-rops per /inute
=
(7otal volume x !rip actor) ? time in minutes
/illiliters per our
=
7otal volume in m ? number o hours
4nusion 7ime
=
7otal volume to be inuse! ? m per hour to be inuse!
=
"0 gttsminute (or !rops per minute)
@e!iatric -rip 'actor
=
60 gttsminute (or !rops per minute)
•
Maintenance +lui# /ate (m.$.r. $or te purposes o$ tis paper) 1st 1,kg0 1,,m' " kg o 2n# 1,kg0 5,m' " kg o 3r# $or e!ery a##itional kg0 2,m' " kg o e sum o$ tese !alues ?ill #etermine te m.$.r. per day o m.$.r. per hour is te !alue o$ te m.$.r. per #ay #i!i#e# by 24 ours.
@e!iatric /ath Comprehending Maintenance Fluid Rate
7o calculate the maintenance 8ui! rate, the patientAs Beight must be $noBn in $ilograms ($g)
7his may re*uire conversion i the patientAs Beight is only given in poun!s
7o convert, !ivi!e the patientAs Beight in poun!s by "#" D lbs x 1 $g ("#" lbs)E Convert Pounds to Kilograms
#:; l< x 0 =4%/* l< ! 0)* =4 Maintenance Fluid Rate
1st 10 $g 100 m x $g
"n! 10 $g 50 m x $g
3r! or every a!!itional $g "0 m x $g
7he sum o theses values (a!!ing the results o each) !etermine the maintenance 8ui! rate per !ay
7o !etermine the 8ui! maintenance per hour, the value o the maintenance 8ui! rate per !ay is !ivi!e! by "% hours Fluid Maintenance Rate for a 18.2 Kg Patient 0 0; =4> 0; =4 x 0;; 1L/=4 ! 0?;;; 1L Re1a(.(.4 )* =4> )* x 5; 1L/=4 ! :0; 1L Da(l7 "lu( Ma(.e.a.6e Rae> 0?;;; 1L + :0; 1L ! 0?:0; 1L/a7
Hou-l7 "lu( Ma(.e.a.6e Rae> 0?:0; 1L/: ,ou- ! 5)*&5 1L/,- #o5)*) 1L/,-%
Feigt /anges ,1,kg
/equire# Daily +lui# 1,,m' per kg
1,2,kg
1>,,,m' L 5,m' per eac kg abo!e 1,kg
2,9,kg
1>5,,m' 2,m' per eac kg abo!e 2,kg
2>5,,m' (a#ult requirement)
Bolume-ime B m' /ate (gi!en an amount o$ liqui# an# a time constraint> measure te necessa+ *lo# ate #hen usin! an electonic in*usion ,u%,)olu%e %/- o"e Ti%e h- $lo# Rate in %/ho )olu%eTi%e I) 'o, Rate !i"en an a%ount o* li3ui(& a ti%e con staint an( a (o, *acto !tts%/-& %easue the necessa+ *lo# ate in !tts%in #hen usin! a %anual I))olu%e %/- o"e Ti%e %in- 4 'o, $acto !tts%/- $lo# Rate in !tts%ino MassTi%e I) %/ Rate %easue the necessa+ *lo# ate in %/h 5ase( on the !i"en %ass ,e "olu%e& to (ete%ine the o(e in 3uantit+ o* %ass ,e ti%eO(ee( e Hou o"e Ha"e 4 )olu%e %/- $lo# Rate in %/ho
Round to the 10th
Medication administration calculations are usually rounded to the nearest 10’s place, but some test questions will ask for different rounding parameters. For example, if the drug is being administered in micrograms, the test question may ask you to round it to the nearest 100’s place.
Rounding Exceptions
here are also rounding exceptions that exist in standard clinical practice. !ommon exceptions to the 10ths place rounding standard include "# drip rates $in which the answer is rounded to the nearest whole drop per minute%, and some pediatric and most neonatal medications doses $in which the dose is so small that it is rounded to the 100ths place%
COMMON A@REVIATIONS> 7 **<0 *lert> a?ake an# oriente# *<0 *lert an# oriente# *;D0 *b#omen *0 ;e$ore eating *D/0 *#!erse #rug reaction-*cute #ystonic reaction *<;0 *lcool on breat 8 bi#0 ?ice a #ay ;0 ;loo# pressure ;M0 ;eats per minute ;:0 ;o?el or breat soun#s
;F0 ;o#y ?eigt ;N0 ;iopsy C c0 Fit *0 ancer a0 alcium ;0 omplete bloo# count 0 ie$ complaint O:0 entral ner!ous system -<0 omplaining o$ 0 est pain or erebral alsy /0 ar#iopulmonary resuscitation ' D0 Dextrose D5F 5P Dextrose in Fater D*F0 Dispense as ?ritten D0 Discontinue or #iscarge D0 Dilation an# curettage DO/0 Do not resuscitate D<*0 Dea# on arri!al DN0 Diagnosis E Q;'0 Qstimate# bloo# loss QMB0 eyes> motor> !erbal response (Ilasgo? coma scale) QO0 Qars> nose> troat Q<&0 Qtanol QJ*0 Qxamination un#er anestesia $ ++0 +res $roKen plasma +0 +ailure to tri!e +J0 +ollo?up +x0 +racture G I0 Ionorrea I0 Iastrointestinal I:F0 Iun sot ?oun# I0 Ilucose tolerance test IN0 Ira#e# exercise tolerance (stress test) H &*0 &ea#ace &*B0 &epatitis * Birus
&;0 &ig bloo# pressure &QQO0 &ea#> eyes> ears> nose> troat &gb0 &emoglobin &B0 &uman immuno#e$iciency !irus &<0 &istory o$ &0 &istory o$ present illness &/0 &eart rate &:0 *t betime &O0 &ypertension &x0 &istory I D0 ncision an# #rainage <0 ntake an# output J0 ntensi!e care unit D0 n$ectious #isease or i#enti$ication rr0 rregular sol0 solation B0 ntra!enous 9 GJ;0 Gi#neys> ureters> bla##ers GB<0 Geep !ein open / '0 'e$t 'M0 'ast menstrual perio# '<0 'oss o$ consciousness or le!el o$ consciousness 'O0 'icense# ractical Ourse M Mat0 Maternity M;0 Maternal bloo# type MB0 Mean cell !olume Meas0 Measure mmol0 Millimole MM/0 Measles> mumps> rubella M/0 Magnetic resonance imaging M:0 Multiple sclerosis> mitral stenosis or morpine sul$ate MB*0 Motor !eicle acci#ent MB0 Multi!itamin inRection N O*D0 Oo acti!e #isease OQD0 Oo e!i#ence o$ recurrent #isease ng0 Oanogram OG*0 Oo kno?n allergies
OGD*0 Oo kno?n #rug allergies O<0 Ooting by mout O/M0 Oo regular me#ications O:0 Oormal :aline (,.P Oal) O:/0 Oormal sinus rytm O
:M<0 :lips ma#e out :<*0 :ubRecti!e> *ssessment> lan :<;0 :ortness o$ breat :x0 :ymptoms T ti#0 ree times a #ay G<0 o keep open '0 otal lung capacity O0 oo numerous to count x0 reatment> transplant U J*0 Jrinalysis J;D0 Jni!ersal bloo# #onor u#0 *s #irecte# J:0 Jltrasoun# J0 Jrinary tract in$ection ) B0 Bital capacity B0 Benous clotting time BD/'0 Benereal Disease /esearc 'aboratory (test $or sypilis) B<0 Berbal or !oice or#er B::0 Bital signs stable W F0 Fater F;0 Fole bloo# F;0 Fite bloo# cell or count F;/0 Fole bo#y ra#iation FD0 Fell #e!elope# F*0 Foun#e# in action FO0 Fell nourise# FO'0 Fitin normal limits F<0 Fitout pain yo0 Aears ol# A<;0 Aear o$ birt ; =:;0 =ero stools since birt
