Damage/ Defect
Damage Mechanism
Mechanism Mode
[Note (1)
m s i n a h c e M e g a m a D
Metallurgical damage Metal loss Metal loss
x
x
6 Amine cracking
Metal loss Metal loss Cracking
Ammoniaa grooving 7 Ammoni
Metal loss
x
Cracking
x
Metallurgical damage
x
Cracking
x
Cracking
x
Metallurgical damage
x
Metal loss
x
Caustic stress corrosion cracking
Cracking
x
Caustic corrosion #caustic gouging$
Metal loss
x
Metal loss Metal loss
x
Cracking
x
Metal loss Weld defects
x
Metal loss
x x
24 Creep fatigue
Cracking Cracking Cracking
25 Crevice corrosion
Metal loss
x
1 88!" embrittlement 2 Abrasive wear 3 Acid dew point corrosion 4 Adhesive wear 5 Amine corrosion
8
Ammoniaa stress corrosion cracking Ammoni
Ammonium bisulfide corrosion Ammonium 9 #alkaline sour water$ 10 Brittle fracture 11
Carbonate stress corrosion cracking
12 Carburization
Metal dusting #catastrophic carburization$ 13
14
15
16 Cavitation 17 Chelant corrosion 18
Chloride stress corrosion cracking
19 C%& corrosion 20 Cold cracking
Corrosion under 21 insulation #C'($ 22 Corrosion—fatigue 23 Creep
x x
x x
x
x x
26 Decarburization
Metallurgical damage
x
Cracking
x
28 Dissolved %& attack
Metal loss
x
29 7lectrical discharge
Metal loss Metal loss
x
x
32 7rosion—solids
Metal loss Metal loss
33 7rosion-corrosion
Metal loss
x
34 "atigue
Cracking Cracking Cracking Cracking Metal loss
x
Metal loss
x
Metal loss Metal loss
x
x
,/drogen en damage #,0,A$ 50 ,/drog
Metal loss Metal loss Metallurgical damage Metal loss Weld defect defectss Metallurgical damage Metal loss Metal loss Cracking
,/drogen en embrittlemen embrittlementt 51 ,/drog
Metallurgical damage
x
Cracking
x
Metal loss - cracking Cracking Weld defects Weld defects Metal loss
x
Cracking
x
Metal loss
x
x
62 6henol #carbolic acid$
Metal loss Metal loss Metal loss
63 6hosphate attack
Metal loss
x
64 6hosphoric acid corrosion
Metal loss
x
Dissimilar metal weld cracking #DMW$ 27
30 7rosion 31 7rosion—droplets
35 "atigue) contact 36 "atigue) thermal 37 "atigue) vibration 38 "iliform corrosion 39
"low*accelerated corrosion #" #"AC$ AC$
40 "lue gas dew point corrosion 41 "retting 42 "uel ash corrosion 43 +alvanic corrosion 44 +raphitization 45 ,igh temp ,&-,&. corrosion
cracking g 46 ,ot crackin 47 ,ot tensile
,/drochloric loric acid corrosion 48 ,/droch ,/drofluoric oric acidcorrosion 49 ,/droflu
52
,/drogen*induced ,/drog en*induced crack #,(C$
53 (ntergranular corrosion 54 1nife*line attack 55 2ack*of*fusion 56 2ack*of* penetration 57 2i3uid #molten$ slag attack
2i3uid metal 58 embrittlement
59
Microbiological induced corrosion #M(C$
60 4apthenic acid orrosion 61 %5idation corrosion
x
x
x x x x
x
x x x
x x x x
x
x x
65 6itting corrosion
Metal loss Cracking Weld defects Metal loss
x
Metallurgical damage Metallurgical damage
x
x
72 .liding wear
Metallurgical damage Metal loss
73 .oftening #over aging$
Metallurgical damage
x
74 .our water corrosion #acidic$
Metal loss Metallurgical damage Metallurgical damage Metal loss Metal loss Cracking Metal loss Metallurgical damage Metal loss
x
Metal loss Metal loss Weld defects
x
66 6ol/thlonic acid cracking 67 6orosit/ 68 .elective leaching #deallo/ing$ 69 .ensitization 70 .igma phase 71 .igma and chi phase
75 .pheroidization 76 .train aging 77 .tra/ current corrosion 78 .ulfidization 79 .ulfide*stress cracking #..C$ 80 .ulfuric acid corrosion 81 0emper embrittlement 82 'nder deposit corrosion 83 'niform corrosion 84 Weld deca/ 85 Weld metal crater cracking 86
87
Weld metal fusion line cracking
Weld defects
Weld metal longitudinal cracking
Weld defects
88 Weld metal root cracking 89 Weld metal toe cracking 90
91
Weld defects Weld defects
Weld metal transverse cracking
Weld defects
Weld metal underbead cracking
Weld defects
x
x
x
x
x x x x x x x x
x
Materials of Construction in Which Mechanism Typically Occurs
l e t e c t e . f e e l l s e s t D e e e . l t g n i n . / i a o r t n l l u o . t b A s c a r e a w i f r u C o e n 2 . a 9 M 9
l e e t . s s e l n i a t . s e i r e . 9 9 :
l e e t . s s e l n i a t . 5 e l p u D
x
x
i 4 ? e " < > — $ s = < o i 9 # t a s @ / o l l A i 4 * e "
$ i 4 ; 9 # s / o l l A d e s a B * i 4
Temperature (˚C ) $ange in Which Mech% May Occur
s / o l l i A 0 u C
s n / o o r l l ( t A s a l A C
x
x
x
x
x
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x
x
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x x
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x x
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x x
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x
x
x
x
x
x
x
C C C 7 8 C C 2 1 8 4 2 0 1 > > 2 > T T > T T T > & & & * : >
x
x
x
l a i r e t a M l l #
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
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x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
C ˚ 2 > T e r u t a r e p m e T l l A
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
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x x
x x
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x x
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x x x
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x x
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x x
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x x
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Operating !n"ironment &rocesses in Which Mechanism May 'e uspected% &rocess Contains
r i A ) m a e t . ) r e t a W
e n t e n a r m g o i u u n f o b o l r r d u d a o b r / C a . . , C
a i s n e n o i m m m A A
e l d o i r " n o e l h , h 6 C
*lo+ $e,%
d i c l i A c % i r e o d u r h p C s o h 6
s e t a l u c i t r a 6
c i t a s t t . n e r e m — s h e s t l e % 7 l n l o l i t A o M
x x
x
x
x
E $ & # c e i t o m a 4 n / s d s e o r r t d / . c , i t a t .
x x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
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x x
x
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x x
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x
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x x
x x
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x x x
x
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x x
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x x
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x x
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x x x x
x x
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x x
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x x
x x
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x x
x x
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x x
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x x x
x
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x
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x x
x
Type of -oading
k c o h . r o s t t n c e a p i d m a r ( + l a m r e h 0
$ / r o t a r b i F ) < g < e # s s e r t . c i l c / C
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x x
x
x
x
Damage/ Defect
Damage Mechanism
Mechanism Mode
[Note (1)
m s i n a h c e M e g a m a D
Abrasive wear
Metal loss
x
Acid dew point corrosion
Metal loss
x
Adhesive wear Amine cracking
Metal loss Metal loss Cracking
x x x
Ammonia stress corrosion cracking
Cracking
x
Ammonium bisulfide corrosion #alkaline sour water$
Metallurgical damage
x
Brittle fracture
Cracking
x
Carbonate stress corrosion cracking
Cracking
x
Carburization
Metallurgical damage
x
14
Caustic stress corrosion cracking
Cracking
x
15
Caustic corrosion #caustic gouging$
Metal loss
x
16 Cavitation
Metal loss
x
17 Chelant corrosion
Metal loss
x
19 C%& corrosion
Metal loss
x
20 Cold cracking
Weld defects
Corrosion under 21 insulation #C'($
Metal loss
x
22 Corrosion—fatigue
Cracking
x
23 Creep
Cracking
x
24 Creep fatigue
Cracking
x
25 Crevice corrosion
Metal loss
x
26 Decarburization
Metallurgical damage
x
27 Dissimilar metal weld cracking #DMW$
Cracking
x
28 Dissolved %& attack
Metal loss
x
29 7lectrical discharge
Metal loss
x
30 7rosion
Metal loss
x
31 7rosion—droplets
Metal loss
x
32 7rosion—solids
Metal loss
x
33 7rosion-corrosion
Metal loss
x
34 "atigue
Cracking
x
3
Amine corrosion
8
9
11 12
t c e f e D g n i r u t c a f u n a M
x
x
35 "atigue) contact
Cracking
x
36 "atigue) thermal
Cracking
x
37 "atigue) vibration
Cracking
x
39 "low*accelerated corrosion #"AC$
Metal loss
x
40 "lue gas dew point corrosion
Metal loss
x
41 "retting
Metal loss
x
42 "uel ash corrosion
Metal loss
x
43 +alvanic corrosion
Metal loss
x
44 +raphitization
Metallurgical damage
x
45 ,igh temp ,&-,&. corrosion
Metal loss
x
46 ,ot cracking
Weld defects
47 ,ot tensile
Metallurgical damage
x
48 ,/drochloric acid corrosion
Metal loss
x
49 ,/drofluoric acidcorrosion
Metal loss
x
50 ,/drogen damage #,0,A$
Cracking
x
51 ,/drogen embrittlement
Metallurgical damage
x
52 ,/drogen*induced crack #,(C$
Cracking
x
55 2ack*of*fusion
Weld defects
x
56 2ack*of* penetration
Weld defects
x
57 2i3uid #molten$ slag attack
Metal loss
x
Cracking
x
59 #M(C$
Metal loss
x
60 4apthenic acid orrosion
Metal loss
x
61 %5idation corrosion
Metal loss
x
62 6henol #carbolic acid$
Metal loss
x
63 6hosphate attack
Metal loss
x
64 6hosphoric acid corrosion
Metal loss
x
65 6itting corrosion
Metal loss
x
67 6orosit/
Weld defects
72 .liding wear
Metal loss
x
73 .oftening #over aging$
Metallurgical damage
x
74 .our water
Metal loss
x
75 .pheroidization
Metallurgical damage
x
76 .train aging
Metallurgical damage
x
Metal loss
x
Metal loss
x
Cracking
x
80 .ulfuric acid corrosion
Metal loss
x
82 'nder deposit corrosion
Metal loss
x
83 'niform corrosion
Metal loss
x
85 Weld metal
Weld defects
x
86 Weld metal fusion line cracking
Weld defects
x
87 Weld metal longitudinal cracking
Weld defects
x
88 Weld metal root cracking
Weld defects
x
2i3uid metal
58 embrittlement Microbiological induced corrosion
corrosion #acidic$
77 .tra/ current
corrosion
78 .ulfidization 79 .ulfide*stress
cracking #..C$
crater cracking
x
x
x
x
89 Weld metal toe cracking
Weld defects
x
90 Weld metal transverse cracking
Weld defects
x
91 Weld metal underbead cracking
Weld defects
x
Materials of Construction in Which Mechanism Typically Occurs
l e e t . n o b r a C
l e e t . / o l l A w o 2
l e e t . s s e l n i a t . s e i r e . 9 9
l e e t . s s e l n i a t . s e i r e . 9 9 :
l e e t . s s e l n i a t . 5 e l p u D
$ s o i t a @ i 4 ? e " < > — = < 9 # s / o l l A i 4 * e "
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x
x
x
x
x
Temperature (˚F ) $ange in Which Mech% May Occur
$ i 4 ; 9 # s / o l l A d e s a B * i 4
s / o l l A u C
i 0
x
x
x
s / o l l A l A
n o r ( t s a C
l a i r e t a M l l #
x
x
x
" 9 9 9 ) >
" 9 9 9 ) >
" 9 9 8
9 &
> T
T
9 9 8
> T
x
x
x x
x
x x x
x
x
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x
r i A ) m a e t . ) r e t a W
x
x
x x
> T
x
x x
> T
" &
&
x
x
x
" 9 &
F 2 3 > T e r u t a r e p m e T l l A
x
x
x x
x x
x x x
x
x
x
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x
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Operating !n"ironment &rocesses in Which Mechanism May 'e uspected% &rocess Contains
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l o n e h 6
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s e t a l u c i t r a 6
r e h t %
s t n e m e l 7 l l A
c i t a t . — s s e l n o i t o M
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c i m a n / d o r d / ,
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t c a p m (
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e of ing
k c o h . r o s t n e i d a r + l a m r e h 0
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