DLUBAL

Dlubal Software Software Overview October 2010

Main Programs and Modules

RSTAB 7 The Framework Program

Steel Reinforced Concrete

RFEM The Ultimate FEA Program

Timber Composite Glass

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. . . s i s y l a n A l a r u t c u r t S y o j n E

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RSTAB RFEM Product overview

Program Overview

RSTAB

Product

Main Programs and

1.1 Basis 1.2 Steel

RSTAB 7 STEEL STEEL EC3 KAPPA LTB FE-LTB EL-PL C-TO-T PLATE-BUCKLING STEEL AISC STEEL SIA STEEL IS CRANEWAY CONCRETE CONCRETE Columns FOUNDATION TIMBER Pro COMPOSITE-BEAM DYNAM Basic DYNAM Add. I DYNAM Add. II DEFORM RSMOVE RSIMP RSBUCK RSCOMBI SUPER-LC TOWER RS-COM

Add-on Modules Dlubal software is based on a modular system. There are two main program families: RSTAB and RFEM . Each family is made up of the main program and its add-on modules. These modules are either integrated into the main program or, in a few cases, run as independent programs. Integrated modules only run with the corresponding main program. Each main program provides the basis for defining the structure, loads and load combinations. By the project’s completion, the program shows deformations, internal and support forces. Materials can be freely defined in both main programs. Models of RSTAB 7 and RFEM 4 can be opened in both programs. In RFEM 4, for example, you can open a framework structure from RSTAB 7 to model additional surface elements. The add-on modules either facilitate the data input by an automated creation of structures, loads and load combinations or carry out further analyses and designs. RSMOVE and RSIMP, add-on modules of the RSTAB program, represent the modular approach for generating input data. DYNAM is a module that can be used for further dynamic analyses. STEEL, TIMBER Pro or CONCRETE are typical modules for designing materials according to various construction standards. The modular approach allows you to combine the main programs individually with the modules required for your structural projects. Upgrades at a later date are always possible. This booklet booklet describes the modules in detail. In addition, almost every module can be tested as a demoversion provided with your Dlubal program DVD. For further information and current events, see our website www.dlubal.com .

1.3 Concrete

1.4 Timber 1.5 Composite 1.6 Dynamics

1.7 Other

RFEM

Product

2.1 Basis 2.2 Steel

RFEM 4 RF-STEEL RF-STEEL EC3 RF-KAPPA RF-LTB RF-FE-LTB RF-EL-PL RF-C-TO-T RF-CONCRETE RF-PUNCH RF-CONCRETE Columns RF-FOUNDATION RF-TIMBER Pro RF-DYNAM Basic RF-DYNAM Add. I RF-DYNAM Add. II RF-GLASS RF-DEFORM RF-MOVE RF-IMP RF-STABILITY RF-SOILIN RF-STAGES RF-COMBI RF-COM

2.3 Concrete

2.4 Timber 2.5 Dynamics

2.6 Glass 2.7 Other

Cross-sections

Product

3.1 Thin-walled

SHAPE

Connections

Product

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4.1 Steel

FRAME-JOINT / RF-FRAME-JOINT 59

4.2 Timber

END-PLATE / RF-END-PLATE CONNECT / RF-CONNECT DSTV / RF-DSTV HSS / RF-HSS DOWEL / RF-DOWEL

Stand-alone Modules Product

5.2 Composite 5.3 Timber

CRANEWAY PLATE-BUCKLING COMPOSITE-BEAM RX-TIMBER

Interfaces

Product

5.1 Steel

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STAB RFEM RSTAB RF

Basis 7

B A T S R

w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

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RSTAB 7 Calculating Planar and Spatial Structures The RSTAB program family for structural design is used to determine internal forces, support reactions and deformations of any planar or spatial structure. The open and modular RSTAB program concept meets individual user demands for specific pro ject requirements by integrating additional modules. Due to its user-friendliness, RSTAB has a small learning curve, which means that you will be quickly able to handle the program. The program system offers you many helpful tools making structural calculations in engineering offices easier. RSTAB User Interface

Threepart navigator for checking and controlling data, graphic display and results ❚ Integration of Windows capabilities for efficient work (drag-and-drop, context menus, clipboard etc.) ❚ Photo-realistic structure visualization with 3D rendering to check the defined position of members and cross-sections ❚ Working in the active rendering ❚

RSTAB's graphical user interface: navigator, graphic display with rendered results, tables

Individual customization of interface by specifying colors, font type and size, buttons and style ❚ Equal and synchronized input in graphic display, tables and dialog boxes ❚ Dockable and automatically minimizable tables and navigator ❚ Network-compatible Project Manager for structure administration with graphical preview, subprojects, delete function for results and display of editing history ❚

Modeling ❚

Option for parameterized input for default projects with varying dimensions

Parameter list

Project Manager: preview and details of selected structure

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Parameterizable guideline technique for flexible spatial modeling

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Import of CAD templates by means of DXF layers with snap points

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Comprehensive and expandable cross-section and material libraries with specifications for cross-section and material properties

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Use of blocks as parameterized partial structures

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Member non-linearities such as yielding, tearing, slippage or plasticity

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Non-linear supports and releases with ineffectivities as well as working and stiffness diagrams

RSTAB RFEM

Basis

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7

B A T S R Adjustable scales for result values and colors

Results

Generation of a 2D frame including permanent loads, snow and wind

Generating tool for structures such as 2D frames with tapers, truss girders, roofs, 3D frames and 3D halls, stairs, arcs and bracings ❚ Converting area and coating loads into member loads ❚ Wind and snow load generation for various roof structures according to EN 1991-1-4/3 and DIN 1055-4/5 ❚ Imperfections on continuous members ❚

Calculation

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Incremental load application

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Optional activation of shear deformations

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Analysis of independent substructures

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Load combinations for determining the envelope of different load arrangements Uninterrupted calculation run with summarized statistical data

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Freely selectable display and partial views for results evaluation

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Results visualization on the rendered model

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Determination of centroid for selected objects

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Table output with filter options and color scale panel

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Diagrams of result distribution on members with smoothing option

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Animation of deformations by means of video recording

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Filter option for graphical member results

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Export of results to MS Excel or OpenOffice.org Calc

Analysis according to the linear static, the second-order and the large deformation analysis as well as analysis for postcritical failure ❚ Non-linear analysis with reactivation of failed elements ❚ Determination of the critical load factor according to the second-order analysis ❚

Cross-section library

Results display for specific structure parts with remaining parts being inactive


Basis 7

B A T S R

STAB RFEM RSTAB RF www.dlubal.com

Printout

Various options for creating the printout of input data and results by means of the printout report ❚ Possibility to integrate texts and graphics ❚ Option for creating graphic groups automatically ❚ Title boxes, cover sheet and adjustable paging ❚ Printout in English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Polish, Czech, Hungarian and Slovak ❚ Adjustable print header ❚ Export in RTF format and BauText ❚

Different displays showing internal forces of a particular partial view (Mero-TSK)


Printout report

Interfaces

RSTAB represents the platform for all add-on modules available for steel and timber construction, reinforced concrete design, dynamics, connections etc. All modules fit seamlessly into RSTAB so that you don't have to leave the user interface that you are used to. The results of the design are documented in the central RSTAB printout report, too.

Central administration of units and decimal places for RSTAB and all add-on modules

Integrated interfaces for the following formats: *.stp, *.dxf, *.dat, *.ifc ❚ Data exchange with CAD programs like ProSteel 3D, Tekla Structures, Intergraph Frameworks, Advance Steel, Cadwork, AutoCAD. ❚

Data import from CAD programs ❚

Option for controlling RSTAB by programmable COM interface (Visual Basic), see add-on module RS-COM

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IGES, STEP and ACIS interfaces (add-on module RX-LINK , surcharge required)

Member result diagrams for specific evaluation with smoothing option

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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L E E T S

STEEL General Stress Designs for Members STEEL is one of the add-on modules integrated into RSTAB. It performs general stress analyses for members according to DIN 18800, DIN 4114 and other standards based on the principle of comparing existing stresses with limiting stresses. In case that internal forces are determined according to the second-order analysis including the application of imperfections, you can carry out the stability analysis (DIN 18800) also in the STEEL module. Features

Import of materials, cross-sections and internal forces from RSTAB or RFEM ❚ Design of all thin-walled crosssections including SHAPE sections ❚ Determination of maximum stresses of sets of members ❚ Optional consideration of locally limited plastification ❚ Flexible design in different design cases ❚ Graphic of stress points ❚ Graphic of stresses and stress ratios on the cross-section and in the RSTAB/RFEM model ❚ Determination of governing internal forces ❚ Filter options for graphical results in RSTAB/RFEM ❚ Graphic display for stresses and stress ratios in the rendered view ❚ Color scales in the results tables ❚ Connection between tables and RSTAB/RFEM work window when selecting the current member graphically ❚ View mode for modifying the view in the work window ❚ Option for optimizing rolled and welded cross-sections ❚ Transfer of optimized cross-sections to RSTAB/RFEM ❚ Parts list and quantity surveying ❚ Data export to MS Excel

Graphical distribution of stress ratio in the columns of a frame structure

L E E T S F R

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Input

To make the data input easier, the members, sets of members, materials and cross-sections already defined in RSTAB/RFEM are preset. Thus, the input required for the analysis is minimized. In many situations, you can use the pick function offered by the program to select objects graphically. Furthermore, you have access to the global material and cross-section libraries.

Maximum stresses arranged by cross-sections

Members and sets of members can be arranged in groups for different design cases. In this way you can, for example, combine groups of structural components or define particular design specifications for them (limit stresses, partial safety factors, optimization). You can specify comprehensive detail settings for the design in a separate dialog box.


RSTAB RFEM

Steel

L E E T S L E E T S F R

Design

For every stress point, it is possible to determine the normal, the shear and the equivalent stresses to compare them with the allowable stresses. When analyzing superimposed internal forces of load combinations, you can select between two calculation options. Design details Stress ratios in the 3D r endering

Results

Design details


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The factors for determining equivalent stresses are considered according to the user's specifications. STEEL calculates the stress ratios for every stress component during the design. The governing internal forces will be related to the type of stress selected by the user. The design is completed by determining the masses.

After the design's completion, the maximum stresses and stress ratios are displayed in results tables according to cross-sections, members and sets of members. In addition, the stress curve on the cross-section is displayed graphically. Furthermore, the stress components can be shown for every internal force individually. For detailed analyses (for example fatigue design), stresses are available for every stress point. Optionally, the maximum difference of the normal stresses σDelta is displayed. The stress ratio is represented by different colors in the RSTAB/RFEM model so that oversized or crucial areas of the structure can be recognized immediately. If necessary, the

assignment of colors and corresponding values can be adjusted. The diagrams for result distribution on the member or set of members allow for a specific evaluation. For every designed location on the member, you can open a dialog box to check the relevant cross-section properties and stress components for every stress point. The respective graphic can be printed including all design details.

Optimization parameters of an I-section

Cross-section Optimization

The automatic optimization of crosssections is a special STEEL feature. The module determines the crosssection of the specified cross-section table that fulfils the analysis requirements in the most optimal way, i.e. comes as close as possible to the maximum stress ratio of 1.00. The optimization is also available for the parameterized cross-section tables as well as for tapered members. If required, the optimized cross-sections can be transferred to RSTAB/ RFEM to calculate the internal forces again.

Detailed representation of stresses on the cross-section

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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STEEL EC3 Ultimate and Serviceability Limit State Design acc. to Eurocode 3 The add-on module STEEL EC3 for RSTAB/RFEM can be used for the ultimate limit state design and the stability as well as the deformation analysis of members and sets of members according to Eurocode 3 (EN 1993-11:2005). Country-specific Arrangements

The national application documents of the following countries are already integrated:

Selection of members, load cases and national annex

It classifies the cross-sections into class 1 to 4 according to EN 19931-1:2005, section 5.5.2. The maximum c/t ratio of cross-section parts subjected to compression according to table 5.2 is determined for every stress point. STEEL EC3 provides the

classification accordingly. This classification is an important part of the design process according to Eurocode 3 as different limit values are allowed depending on the cross-section class.

It is always possible to adjust the preset parameters or to create a new national annex to save it in a library.

Graphic of stress ratios

Input

The members, sets of members, materials (including stainless steel) and cross-sections defined in RSTAB/RFEM are already preset in the module. All thin-walled cross-sections can be designed. The program automatically selects the most efficient design method conforming to standards.

Detail specifications for stability analysis and determination of M cr

3 C E L E E T S 3 C E L E E T S F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

3 C E L E E T S 3 C E L E E T S F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

Steel

RSTAB RFEM

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The serviceability limit state design can be carried out for the characteristic, the frequent and the quasi-permanent action combination. The buckling and warping length coefficients required for the stability analysis are defined manually or graphically. A dialog box with the Euler buckling modes can be opened additionally. Furthermore, the buck-ling length coefficients from the stability analysis in RSBUCK/RFSTABILITY can be imported. Ultimate Limit State When analyzing tension, compression, bending and shear, the program compares the design values of the Ed actions with the maximum resistance Rd. When applying both bending and compression to structural components at the same time, interactions will be considered by the design. You can select the method according to which the interaction formula is determined. Stability The stability analysis for buckling around the y- and x-axis as well as for lateral torsional buckling is carried out for every member. For the flexural buckling design, you need to specify neither slenderness

Parameters of the national annex DIN EN 1993-1-1

Parameters of the national annex DIN EN 1993-1-1

nor elastic critical buckling load. All factors required for the design value of bending stress are determined automatically. The design value of the maximum lateral buckling resistance depends on the cross-section class and the reduction factor for lateral torsional buckling. Mcr is determined for every location on the member considering gross cross-section, load situation, distribution of moments and possible lateral intermediate supports.

Concerning supporting actions for structural components with plastic hinges, the program designs the existing distance from one plastic hinge to the nearest lateral support with a smaller value than the maximum distance allowed. Serviceability Limit State

The limit values of deformations for the serviceability limit state design are defined in the national annexes. For this design, STEEL EC3 uses the member's or member set's reference length that either is entered manually or calculated by the program. Optionally, a precamber is considered. Another important factor for the design is the type of girder (beam or cantilever). All results are clearly represented in results tables, arranged according to load cases, cross-sections, members, sets of members or x-locations. When selecting a particular result row, detailed design information is available. In the RSTAB/RFEM work window and also in a special window showing result diagrams, the stress ratios can be checked graphically. Parts lists available for different cross-section types and sorted by members or sets of members complete the detailed and clearly arranged results representation. All material and cross-section properties, design internal forces and factors are clearly documented in the global printout report of RSTAB/ RFEM.

RSTAB RFEM www.dlubal.com

Steel

A P P A K

KAPPA Flexural Buckling Design acc. to DIN 18800 Part 2 (Equivalent Member Method) The add-on module KAPPA is used for the flexural buckling design according to the method described in DIN 18800 part 2. The program also checks the limit (c/t) ratios according to DIN 18800 part 1. Both design methods elastic-elastic and elasticplastic are possible. KAPPA allows for a quick flexural buckling design for numerous members and load cases by defining only a few entries. Features

Full integration in RSTAB/RFEM with import of all relevant information and internal forces ❚ Smart presetting of design parameters specific for flexural buckling ❚ Determining the distribution of internal forces automatically including classification according to DIN 18800 part 2 ❚ Import option for buckling lengths from RSBUCK/RF-STABILITY ❚ Selection of design methods contained in DIN 18800 part 2 ❚ Analyzing unfavorable design locations, even for tapered members ❚ Checking (c/t) limit values according to DIN 18800 part 1 ❚ Design of any kind of thin-walled cross-section for compression and bending without interaction according to the el-pl method ❚ Design of I-shaped rolled and welded cross-sections, I-similar crosssections, box sections and pipes for bending and compression including interaction according to the elpl method ❚ Design of any kind of thin-walled cross-section for compression and bending according to the el-el method ❚ Optimization of cross-sections ❚ Clearly structured designs with all intermediate values in summarized or detailed form ❚

Selection of members, sets of members and load cases for the flexural buckling design

After the calculation in RSTAB/RFEM, a design case is created in KAPPA. First, select the relevant members, sets of members and load cases. Graphical tools are available for this selection. Then, check the material properties and cross-sections and define the buckling lengths for members and sets of members. The lengths of members and sets of members are preset but can be adjusted in case of different support conditions. The buckling length can be entered directly or by means of the β-value.

Results of the flexural buckling design

The import of a buckling length calculated in RSBUCK/RF-STABILITY is also possible. Subsequent to the successful calculation, the results are displayed in detail. Every intermediate value can be represented, which makes the design more transparent. If the analysis fails, the relevant cross-sections can be modified in an optimization process. The optimized cross-sections can be transferred to RSTAB/RFEM to calculate them again.

A P P A K F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

B T L B T L F R


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LTB Lateral Torsional Buckling Design acc. to DIN 18800 Part 2 (Equivalent Member Method) The add-on module LTB is used for the lateral torsional buckling design according to the equivalent member method described in DIN 18800. In contrast to the FE-LTB module, the program performs an elastic-plastic method based on analytical formulas. Due to the connection to RSTAB/ RFEM, all relevant input data such as cross-sections, member data and diagrams of internal forces are imported automatically. The parameters required for the design are appropriately preset so that the design for all members and sets of members can be carried out without entering lots of data. If necessary, stabilizing effects like rotational restraints or shear panels can be applied additionally. Singly and double symmetrical I-sections as well as I-similar crosssections are designed with interactions according to Rubin. All thinwalled cross-sections like L-, U-, Tand C-sections or crosswise double I-sections from the library as well as the SHAPE module can be designed for axial compression.

Selection of members, sets of members and load groups for the lateral torsional buckling design

Different support types considering warp springs for different stiffening and connection situations ❚ Cantilever design ❚ Option for calculation according to Vogel/Heil ❚ Consideration of lateral restraint by determining Mcr and Ncr according to Wittemann ❚ Output of fastener forces due to rotational restraint for trapezoidal cross-sections and purlins ❚ Optimization of cross-sections ❚

Features

Full integration in RSTAB/RFEM including import of all relevant information and internal forces ❚ Comfortable input of design parameters specific for lateral torsional buckling ❚ Determination of the most unfavorable design locations ❚ Consideration of rotational restraints and shear panels with integrated tools for determining the corresponding factors conforming to standards ❚ Integrated libraries for corrugated sheets of many companies ❚ Determination of moment coefficient ζ for defining the ideal elastic critical moment Mcr ❚

Results of the lateral torsional buckling design

Subsequent to the structure's calculation in RSTAB/RFEM, you can open LTB and select the members, sets of members, load cases and groups that you want to design. Materials and cross-sections already defined in RSTAB/RFEM are preset in the module tables but can be adjusted, if necessary. The definition of parameters for lateral torsional buckling completes the input. Boundary conditions can be defined in detail for every single member or set of members which are the following:

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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Support Type to Determine N cr

For default supports like pinned supports or built-in/hinged supports presettings are available. Special supports can be specified by the degree of restraint βZ.

exclusively, the stabilizing effect will still be considered by increasing the torsional constant. Optionally, LTB performs the more accurate calculation for rotational springs according to Lindner/ Groeschel and displays the available tensile and shear forces of the sheetings' or purlins' fastening screws. Load Application Point

Support type for warping

It is possible to specify the support type in detail by means of additional warp springs determined by end plates, beam cantilevers, reinforcement due to angles, column connections or U-sections. Furthermore, the value for Ncr can be entered directly. Shear Panel

When shear panels are taken into account, LTB determines the available and the required shear panel stiffness.

The application point zp of the moment-generating transverse load can be selected on the cross-section in the graphic. The definitions On upper flange or In centroid are also possible.

Shear panels can be created by means of corrugated sheets, bracings or a combination of both. Rotational Restraint

LTB calculates the existing rotational restraints according to DIN 18800 part 2, el. (309). The data for trapezoidal sheetings is taken from the integrated library. The rotational spring components from the rigidities of connecting members and cross-section deformations can be determined additionally.

The determination of ζ is of particular importance for the lateral torsional buckling design. The moment coefficient decisively affects the critical buckling moment Mcr and contributes to the quality of the design.

DIN 18800 provides only a few moment diagrams that are often not sufficient for practical use. Instead, the standard refers to further reading. LTB determines the ζ factors completely automatically on the basis of the member's elastic potential. In addition, a user-defined table for other moment diagrams can be created as they are defined, for example, according to Roik/Carl/Lindner. As an alternative, you can use the more accurate calculation formula

The beam type can be directly selected for rolled, welded and tapered beams as well as for castellated and notched girders. LTB presets the respective beam factor n automatically. The value can also be entered manually.

B T L B T L F R

Selection of beam type

In the simplest case, these beam presettings can be used for preliminary designs. If the analysis fails, you can specify the data described above and activate the stabilizing effects of shear panel and rotational restraint. The design considers several design locations for every member and set of members. For tapered members, the program accurately determines the required cross-section parameters for variable cross-sections.

Graphical representation of design

The results are arranged according to cross-sections, members or sets of members. Every intermediate value can be represented, which makes the design more transparent. A structured and comprehensible documentation including all intermediate values in summarized or detailed form completes the design.

Rotational restraint from trapezoidal sheet

In case the design cannot be performed by using rotational restraints

Beam Factor

Moment Coefficient ζ

Method of determining M Ki

Shear panel from trapezoidal sheet

for ζ according to EC3. If exact calculations exist, Mcr and ζ can also be entered directly.

Calculation details to determine ζ


Steel B T L E F B T L E F F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

RSTAB RFEM

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FE-LTB Lateral Torsional Buckling Design acc. to FE Method The add-on module FE-LTB is used to detach planar sub-structures from spatial RSTAB/RFEM models to calculate them according to the secondorder analysis for torsional buckling considering warping. The geometrical, support and load data is imported to FE-LTB automatically. The module allows for further input specific for lateral torsional buckling. Features

Stress design with warping torsion according to DIN 18800 el-el ❚ Stability analysis for buckling and lateral torsional buckling of buckled planar continuous members ❚ Determination of critical load factor and hence Mcr, Ncr (if applicable, these values can also be used for the el-pl design in LTB) ❚ Lateral torsional buckling design for thin-walled cross-sections (also SHAPE-sections) ❚ Analysis of members and sets of members with applied torsion (e.g. crane runway girder) ❚ Option to determine the factor for ultimate load capacity ❚ Display of torsional and eigenmodes on the rendered cross-section ❚ Powerful tools for determining shear panels and rotational restraints, e.g. from corrugated sheets, purlins, bracings ❚ Comfortable determination of discrete springs like warp springs from end plates or rotational springs from columns ❚ Graphical selection of load application point on cross-section ❚ Free arrangement of eccentric nodal and line supports on cross-section ❚ Determination of values for inclination and precamber according to DIN 18800 When modeling, lateral supports defined as nodal supports, shear pan❚

Tapered cantilever with imperfection and stresses

els or rotational restraints can be applied. To determine the spring stiffnesses, powerful tools are available so that you don't have to look up buckling curves or properties of corrugated sheets. The load application points can be freely defined on the cross-section. When imperfections are taken into account, you can select the system's governing eigenmode graphically. The cross-section's torsions are clearly visible in the rendered model. All additional data relevant to lateral torsional buckling can be determined conforming to standards by using comfortable input tools. Subsequent to the calculation, deformations, internal and support forces as well as stresses are displayed. As the warping torsion is

Determination of tension fields and rotational restraints

considered, you also get information about the distribution of warping bimoments as well as primary and secondary torsional moments.

Determination of warp spring

Imperfections are taken into account for stability analyses. In addition, the critical load factor is determined which can be used to calculate Mcr and Ncr. FE-LTB allows for the management of varied designs in different design cases. In this way, you can calculate, for example, the ultimate load capacity with stress limitation before a system failure occurs.

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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L P L E

EL-PL Ultimate Limit State Design acc. to El-Pl Method By means of the elastic-plastic analysis method you can use the cross-section's plastic resources. EL-PL analyzes whether the loadings, taking into account the interaction conditions, exceed the limit internal forces in fully plastic state. The program also checks the widthto-thickness ratios according to DIN 18800 part 1, table 15, considering the compression area factors α appropriately. Selection of members, sets of members and load cases

L P L E F R

Features

Full integration in RSTAB/RFEM with import of all relevant information and internal forces ❚ Interacting relations according to: - DIN 18800 double symmetrical I-sections with uniaxial or biaxial bending - DIN 4420 for pipes - Rubin for double symmetrical box and I-sections with uniaxial or biaxial bending - Rubin for singly symmetrical I-sections with uniaxial bending - Kahlmeyer for singly and double symmetrical box and I-sections with uniaxial bending - Kindmann for all I-sections with uniaxial or biaxial bending ❚ Design for following cross-section tables: I, T, QR, RR, RO, IS, IU, IA, TS, TO, IV, UI, Pipe, Box(A), Box(B), Pi(A), Pi(B), KB, 2I(a=0), 2UR(a=0), 2LA(a=0), ICU, ICO, IBU, IBO, SFBo, SFBu, IFBo, IFBu, ICM, KB(L) ❚ Freely definable yield strengths depending on thickness of structural components ❚ Moment capacity limitation by maximum factor αpl ❚ Cross-section optimization with transfer option for modified sections to RSTAB/RFEM ❚

When the calculation in RSTAB/RFEM has been successful, a design case is created in EL-PL. First, select the relevant members, sets of members and actions. Graphical tools are available for this selection. The program checks the material properties and cross-sections. The yield strengths can be freely defined depending on the thickness of structural components. By using Rubin's comprehensive analysis method, the most favorable ratios can be obtained in the majority of cases.

Analysis according to Rubin for biaxial bending

The stress ratios of the individual cross-sections are clearly represented in the results tables and in the graphic. Detailed information concerning loading interaction is displayed for every designed location, e.g. governing (c/t) cross-section parts, plastic internal forces or orientation of the neutral stress axis. In addition, EL-PL provides an optimization tool for cross-sections. From the specified cross-section table the program determines the cross-section that meets the analysis criteria best.


Steel

RSTAB RFEM

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T - C-TO-T O Width-To-Thickness Analysis T - acc. to DIN 18800 C T O T C F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

This add-on module analyzes the full effectiveness of cross-section parts under compressive stress as described in DIN 18800 part 1, tables 12 to 15, el. (745) and (753). Having fulfilled the requirements of this width-to-thickness analysis, stability designs concerning buckling are no longer necessary.

Selection of members, sets of members, load cases as well as of design type

C-TO-T allows for an easy input as the relevant member and load data from RSTAB/RFEM is already preset. The design results are arranged according to cross-sections, members, sets of members and x-locations. Colored relation scales complete the output, providing a visual evaluation of the individual ratios in the results tables. If the analysis fails, the rele-

Representation of c/t parts

Features

Analyses for el-el and el-pl methods ❚ Graphical selection of members and sets of members for design ❚ Handling of several load and design cases ❚ Verification by means of c/t ratios already integrated in the crosssection library ❚ Option to consider shear stresses according to the comment for DIN 18800 el. (745) concerning the elel method ❚ Option to consider the thickness of welds on welded cross-sections affecting cross-section parts by reducing their width ❚ Option to optimize cross-sections ❚

(c/t) design by cross-section

vant cross-sections can be modified in an optimization process. The stress ratios are displayed with different colors in the graphic so that you can detect the effectiveness of crucial areas immediately. Particularly with regard to welded cross-sections consisting of thinwalled sheetings, C-TO-T can avoid complex buckling analyses.

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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PLATE-BUCKLING Plate Buckling Analysis of Stiffened Plates PLATE-BUCKLING is used for plate buckling analyses of rectangular plates according to DIN 18800 part 3. The plates can be reinforced by horizontal or vertical stiffeners. The load on the plates' edges can be user-defined as well as imported from RSTAB/RFEM. The plate buckling design always takes into account the entire panel because in this way the existing stiffeners can be considered in the FE model. Thus, you can do without the design for single (c/t) parts or panel sections.

Import of c/t ratio and load cases

Features

Import of internal forces from RSTAB/RFEM by selecting member and panel numbers with determining governing boundary stresses ❚ Summary of stresses in load cases with determination of governing load case ❚ Import of stiffeners from a comprehensive library: flat plate and bulb flat steel, angle, rolled sections L, T and C as well as trapezoidal stiffener ❚ Determination of effective widths according to DIN 18800 part 3 eq. (4) ❚ Option to consider buckling effects according to DIN 18800 part 3 eq. (13) ❚ Photo-realistic representation of panel including stiffeners, stress ❚

Input of boundary stresses with transfer option of loads

conditions and buckling modes with animation First, material data, panel dimensions and boundary conditions are defined. Options to import this data from RSTAB or RFEM are available. The boundary stresses can then be defined for each load case either manually or imported from RSTAB/RFEM. The stiffeners are modeled as spatially effective surface elements eccentrically connected to the plate. The bending, shear, strain and St. Venant stiffness (or Bredt stiffness for closed stiffeners) of these stiffeners are considered automatically when using the 3D model.

effect of σx, σy, τ) as well as the buckling value for the simultaneous effectiveness of all stress components. To determine the buckling behavior similar to buckling members, the eigenvalues of the ideal c/t parts' buckling values are calculated with longitudinal panel sides assumed to be free. Then the slenderness and the reduction factors are determined according to DIN 18800 part 3, table 1. Finally the design complies with DIN 18800 part 3, eq. (9), (10) or (14). The panel is discretized in finite quadrilateral or, if necessary, triangular elements. Every node of an element has six degrees of freedom. Subsequent to the FE calculation, the results are displayed for every load case in detail. The graphic of the buckling mode facilitates the results evaluation.

Entering a T-stiffener

The analyses are carried out successively by calculating the eigenvalues of the ideal buckling values for the individual stress conditions (exclusive

Graphic of buckling mode

G N I L K C U B E T A L P w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

C S I A L E E T S C S I A L E E T S F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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STEEL AISC Ultimate and Serviceability Limit State Design acc. to ANSI/AISC 306-05 The add-on module can be used for RSTAB and RFEM and is based on the U.S. standard Specification for Structural Steel Buildings released by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC). STEEL AISC performs the ultimate limit state design, the stability as well as the deformation analysis for members and sets of members according to the two design methods mentioned in ANSI/AISC 306-05: ❚ Allowable Stress Design (ASD) ❚ Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Standard-specific libraries facilitate the design challenge: ❚ Material library according to ASTM ❚ Cross-section library according to AISC and CAN/CSA S16-01

Selection of members, sets of members, loads and design method ❚

Cross-section classification: com pact, noncompact, slender

Cross-section optimization ❚ Serviceability limit state design by checking the deformation ❚ Designs for rolled and welded I-, Cand T-sections, angles, rectangular hollow sections and pipes, round bars and combined L-sections ❚ Metric and imperial units ❚ Detailed results documentation with reference to decisive equations ❚ Output of member slenderness and governing internal forces ❚ Filter options for results in tables and graphic ❚ Parts list ❚

Library for U.S. materials

Features

Design for tension and compression, bending and shear, combined actions and torsion ❚ Stability analysis for buckling, torsional buckling and lateral torsional buckling ❚ Integrated eigenvalue analysis to determine the buckling load and the ideal critical moment for lateral torsional buckling, or analytical solution for standardized conditions ❚ Specification of lateral member supports ❚

Detailed results output for every designed member

When entering design relevant data, you decide if you want to use the ASD or the LRFD method. It is also possible to adjust the intermediate lateral supports, the effective lengths and further design parameters such as the modification factor Cb or the shear lag factor U. Subsequent to the calculation, the maximum design criteria of each action are displayed. In addition, the program shows all intermediate results of the various design locations on the member. All module data is documented in the global RSTAB or RFEM printout report.

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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A I S L E E T S

STEEL SIA Ultimate and Serviceability Limit State Design acc. to SIA 263:2003 The add-on module STEEL SIA for RSTAB and RFEM is used to carry out the ultimate and serviceability limit state design according to the Swiss standard SIA 263:2003. You can design members as well as sets of members.

Selection of members, sets of members and load cases for the design

Details for stability analysis

Features ❚

Design for tension, compression, bending, shear and combined actions

Stability analysis for buckling, torsional buckling and lateral buckling ❚ Determination of critical buckling loads and of critical moment for lateral torsional buckling by means of integrated FEA program (eigenvalue analysis) for general load applications and support conditions ❚ Option for discrete, lateral beam supports ❚ Cross-section classification ❚ Analysis of deformations ❚ Cross-section optimization ❚ Designs for rolled and parameterized I-, C- and T-sections, angles, rectangular hollow sections, pipes, round bars and double angles ❚ Import option for buckling lengths from RSBUCK or RF-STABILITY ❚ Comprehensive results documentation with references to the standard's results equations used in the calculation ❚ Output of member slenderness and governing internal forces ❚ Parts list ❚

The RSTAB/RFEM library already contains materials according to SA EN 1993-1-1. In addition, RSCOMBI and RF-COMBI allow for an automatic creation of relevant load combinations in accordance with SIA 260. In the first table of the add-on module STEEL SIA you select all load cases, groups and combinations that you want to design. If required, you can adjust the preset parameters for the lateral intermediate supports and the effective lengths. For sets of members, it is possible to define individual supports with eccentricities on each member node.

Results output for maximum stressed cross-sections

In the program's background, a special FEA tool determines the buckling loads and moments that are required for the stability analysis. The results tables show the maximum design ratios including corresponding designs for each designed action. All detailed results are displayed in extendable tree menus according to specific subjects. Furthermore, it is possible to display the intermediate results for each member location. The complete module data is part of the printout report of RSTAB or RFEM. You can select the results that you want to include in the output.

A I S L E E T S F R


S I L E E T S S I L E E T S F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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STEEL IS Ultimate and Serviceability Limit State Design acc. to ANSI/AISC 306-05 The Indian standard General Construction in Steel released by the Bureau of Indian Standards represents the basis of this RSTAB/RFEM add-on module. STEEL IS performs the ultimate limit state design and the deformation analysis for members and sets of members. Standard-specific libraries facilitate the design challenge: ❚ Material library according to IS 800:2007 ❚ Cross-section library for rolled cross-sections according to IS 808:1989

Library of I ndian rolled cross-sections

Features

Design for tension, compression, bending, shear and combined actions ❚ Stability analysis for buckling and lateral torsional buckling ❚ Integrated eigenvalue analysis to determine the critical buckling loads and the ideal critical moment for lateral torsional buckling ❚ Specification of lateral member supports ❚ Cross-section classification with design for classes 1 to 3 ❚ Serviceability limit state design by checking the deformation ❚ Cross-section optimization ❚ Designs for rolled and welded I-, Cand T-sections, angles, rectangular hollow sections and pipes, round bars and double angles ❚

Degrees of freedom and eccentricities of nodal supports in sets of members

Stability analysis for buckling and lateral torsional buckling ❚ Parts list The members, sets of members, materials and cross-sections defined in RSTAB/RFEM are already preset. When you have selected the relevant actions, you can add lateral intermediate supports and specify effective lengths for buckling and lateral torsional buckling to adjust the input to the real situation. For sets of members, it is possible to define individual supports with eccentricities on each member node. In accordance with IS 800:2007, section 3.7, STEEL IS divides the cross❚

Member analysis with detailed results

sections into the classes 1 to 4. The maximum b/t and d/t ratios are determined according to table 2. When analyzing the data, the program compares the actions' design values with the design values of the maximum resistance. When applying bending and compression to the structural components at the same time, interactions will be considered by the design. All results are clearly represented in results tables, arranged according to load cases, cross-sections, members, sets of members and x-locations. When you click into a result row, detailed design information is available.

RSTAB RFEM

Steel

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Y A W E N A R C

CRANEWAY Crane Girder Design acc. to DIN 4132 and DIN 18800 CRANEWAY is integrated in RSTAB/ RFEM but can also be used as standalone module. The following designs are possible: ❚ Stress design for crane runway and welds ❚ Fatigue design for crane runway and welds ❚ Deformation analysis ❚ Plate buckling design for wheel load introduction ❚ Stability analysis for lateral torsional buckling according to the secondorder analysis for torsional buckling The data is entered in four different tables. Geometry

You can define the beam length, supports, stiffeners, material (S235 or S355) and cross-sections. The following cross-section types are available: ❚ I-shaped rolled cross-sections (I, IPE, HE-B, etc., W, M, S, HP, UB, UC and further cross-section tables according to AISC, ARBED, British Steel, Gost, TU, JIS, YB, GB) can be combined with angles, welded channels, rail (SA, SF) or splice having user-defined dimensions a x b. ❚ Unsymmetrical I-sections (Type IU) also with rail and splice Actions

The actions of up to three cranes operating at the same time can be considered by the program. In the simplest case you select a crane from the library, but the specifications can also be entered manually. ❚ Number of cranes and crane axes (at most four per crane), center distances, position of crane buffers ❚ Exposure category (B1 to B6) ❚ Lifting class (H1 to H4) or dynamic coefficient ❚ Vertical wheel loads Wmax and horizontal loads from the drives' mass forces HM and skew forces HS and S

Input of crane parameters and crane loads

Imperfections

The use of imperfections follows the first eigenmode that can be either determined automatically or assigned manually for each load group. For scaling eigenmodes, comfortable tools complying with DIN 18800 part 2 (rise of precamber) are available.

are calculated considering the relevant dynamic coefficient. The calculation also includes the buckling design, taking into account the local introduction of wheel loads according to DIN 18800 part 3.

Calculation

Based on the crane positions, CRANEWAY creates load cases and generates load groups with corresponding partial safety factors. The calculation is carried out according to the second-order analysis for torsional buckling. By considering imperfections, the stress design also includes a stability analysis against lateraltorsional buckling. For the deformation analysis and determination of support forces, further load groups with characteristic values

Deformations and distribution of internal forces

Rainflow method (fatigue design)

Fatigue Design

The stress curve of the crane passage is displayed for every stress point and evaluated by the Rainflow method. The result peaks are then compared with the allowable values mentioned in DIN 4132. This method allows for adding stress spans according to DIN 4132 eq. (4) and results in an efficient design. The analysis results are arranged in tables according to different topics. In addition to the work window showing the RSTAB/RFEM model, the window for result diagrams can be used for graphical evaluations and design documentation.


E T E R C N O C E T E R C N O C F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

RSTAB Reinforced Concrete

RFEM

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CONCRETE Linear and Non-linear Analysis for Cross-sections of Reinforced Concrete with Reinforcement Concept CONCRETE or RF-CONCRETE Members are RSTAB or RFEM add-on modules used for reinforced concrete design of member elements. The design is carried out for uni- and biaxial bending with axial force as well as shear and torsion according to the following standards: ❚ EN 1992-1-1 – 2004 (EC 2) ❚ DIN 1045 – 1988 ❚ DIN 1045-1 – 2001 ❚ ÖNORM B4700 – 2001

Reinforcement in 3D rendering

Design of tapered members ❚ Limitation of crack widths for serviceability ❚ Iterative non-linear design considering cracked section for stiffness and appropriate redistribution of moments (DIN 1045-1, EC 2) ❚ Considering creep and shrinkage ❚ Considering tension stiffening effects of concrete ❚ Explanation of possible reasons for failed design ❚ Non-linear determination of deformations in cracked state (deflections of cracking sections) ❚

Reinforcement in 3D rendering

Features

Full integration in RSTAB/RFEM with import of all design relevant information ❚ Determination of longitudinal, shear and torsional reinforcement ❚ Representation of minimum and compression reinforcement ❚ Option to specify secondary and minimum longitudinal reinforcement ❚ Free selection of concrete cover ❚ Optional settings for partial safety and reduction factors, neutral axis depth limitation and material properties ❚ Shear design by using default method or variable inclination of concrete strut ❚ Determination of neutral axis depth, concrete and steel strains ❚ Consideration of biaxial compression stresses ❚

Design process

After opening the program, you define the standard or method according to which the design is carried out. The ultimate and serviceability limit state can be designed according to the linear as well as the non-linear calculation theory. The load cases, groups and combinations are then assigned to the different types of calculation. Further input tables are available for defining material and cross-sections. In addition, you can assign the parameters for creep and shrinkage.

Reinforcement proposal for longitudinal reinforcement

RSTAB RFEM Reinforced Concrete www.dlubal.com

inforcement drawings including steel schedule. With the selected reinforcement, the crack width analysis is carried out for the internal forces governing in the serviceability limit state. The results output includes steel stresses, minimum reinforcement, limit diameters, maximum bar spacings as well as crack spacings and crack widths.

Reinforcement group with specifications for longitudinal reinforcement

Depending on the age of concrete, the modulus of creep and the coefficient of shrinkage will be adjusted immediately. The geometry of supports is determined by design relevant data like support widths and types (direct or indirect, monolithic, end or intermediate support), redistribution of moments and moment as well as shear force reduction. The final table consisting of several tabs is provided to enter specific reinforcement data as diameters, concrete cover and curtailment type, number of layers, cuts of links and type of anchorage. Members or sets of members can be summarized in special "reinforcement groups", each defined by different design parameters. The reinforcement layout can be defined top-bottom, uniformly surrounding, in corners or as symmetrical distribution. Furthermore, it is possible to specify minimum and corner reinforcement, secondary reinforcement and limits for crack widths. Checking the preset standard specifications completes the input. Subsequent to the design, CONCRETE lists the results of the required reinforcement in clearly arranged tables. For traceability purposes, all intermediate values are displayed, too. In ad-

dition, the cross-section's strains and stresses are represented graphically. Reinforcement proposals are documented in the same way, with tables including sketches ready for use. The suggested reinforcement can be modified by adjusting, for example, the number of rebars or the anchorage. All modifications will be updated automatically. CONCRETE provides a 3D rendering visualization of the concrete crosssection including reinforcement. This allows for useful checking and documentation options when creating re-

E T E R C N O C E T E R C N O C F R

Moments linear and non-linear

As a result of the non-linear calculation, you get ultimate limit states for the cross-section with the defined reinforcement (determined linear elastically) as well as the member's effective deflections considering stiffnesses in cracked state.

Reinforcement in x-locations with intermediate results


s n m u l o C E T E R C N O C s n m u l o C E T E R C N O C F R


RSTAB Reinforced Concrete

RFEM

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CONCRETE Columns Reinforced Concrete Design acc. to Model Column Method This RSTAB/RFEM add-on module is used for the flexural buckling as well as the fire resistance design for rectangular or circular compression elements according to the model column method. The design is carried out according to EN 1992-1-1, DIN 1045-1 or ÖNORM B 1992-1-1. Features

Full integration in RSTAB/RFEM with import of geometry and load case data ❚ Creep is considered ❚ Diagram based determination of buckling lengths and slenderness from the restraint ratios of columns ❚ Automatic determination of ordinary and unintentional as well as additionally available eccentricity according to second-order analysis ❚ Design of monolithic constructions and precast parts ❚ Analysis for common design according to DIN 1045-1 ❚ Determination of internal forces according to the linear static and the second-order analysis ❚ Analysis of decisive designed locations along the column due to existing load ❚ Output of required longitudinal and link reinforcement ❚ Output of design safety ❚ Fire resistance design according to table 31 in DIN 4102-4 or DIN 4102-22 ❚ Reinforcement concept with graphic display in 3D rendering for longitudinal and link reinforcement ❚ Option to dimension longitudinal reinforcement for fire resistance design ❚ Summary of design ratios with option to access all design details ❚

Specifications for fire r esistance design

Graphical representation of important design details in RSTAB or RFEM work window First, you enter the columns and load cases relevant for the ultimate limit state design and, if necessary, the creep-producing permanent load. The materials and cross-sections defined in RSTAB/RFEM are already preset. The specifications for the reinforcement and its layout as well as the boundary conditions for the fire resistance design are entered in a special table consisting of several tabs. ❚

Finally, you define the parameters of the model columns (e.g. buckling risks, displacement of system, equivalent height, end of column). Subsequent to the design, the design results are clearly arranged showing all result details. In addition to the required longitudinal and shear reinforcement, the output includes a reinforcement concept that can be ad justed. The columns including their reinforcement can be visualized in the 3D rendering as well as in the work window of RSTAB or RFEM.

Graphical representation of results in the work window with connection to tables

RSTAB RFEM Reinforced Concrete www.dlubal.com

FOUNDATION Single, Bucket and Plate Foundations acc. to DIN 1045-1 and DIN 1045 The add-on module FOUNDATION is used to design single, bucket and plate foundations for all support forces of an RSTAB or RFEM model. The following foundation types are available: ❚ Foundation plate ❚ Bucket foundation with smooth bucket sides ❚ Bucket foundation with rough bucket sides ❚ Single foundation with rough sides The column can be placed either centrically or eccentrically. For assigning foundations, it is possible to select the support nodes graphically in RSTAB/RFEM. When the load cases required for the design are defined, the governing load will be determined automatically. All reinforced concrete designs are carried out according to DIN 1045-88 or DIN 1045-1. In addition to the support forces from RSTAB/RFEM, the program allows for specifying loads to be integrated into the foundation's design. These are the following: ❚ Constant surface load, e.g. due to earth covering ❚ Unfavorable constant surface load, e.g. due to traffic ❚ Subsoil water level for considering buoyancy ❚ Vertical and horizontal single loads in any place on the foundation plate ❚ Constant line loads with free arrangement on the plate

Governing design criteria

Safety against sliding ❚ Safety against bending failure of foundation plate ❚ Safety against punching FOUNDATION provides a reinforcement proposal for the upper and lower plate reinforcement. The program automatically finds the most favorable reinforcement combination of a mat and added rebars. If required, these bars will be distributed by curtailment across two reinforcement areas. The reinforcement concept can then be adjusted individually: ❚ Select a different mat ❚ Select a different diameter or spacing for an added rebar ❚ Free selection of width for reinforcement areas ❚ Individual curtailment of reinforcements ❚

Reinforcement of foundation in 3D rendering

In addition, the foundation outline can be represented in the RSTAB/ RFEM model. This allows for a quick overview about the foundations' orientation and their positions in the model.

Designs

The following designs are possible: ❚ Safety against lifting ❚ Safety against ground failure (soil contact pressure) ❚ Safety against overturning (allowable eccentricity)

The foundation's dimensioning can be controlled by parameters. The calculation results are documented in tables and graphics. The reinforcement drawings include sections and may be submitted to test engineers. All intermediate results are traceable and can be displayed, if desired. The complete foundation including reinforcement and column can be visualized in the 3D rendering.

Reinforcement drawing

N O I T A D N U O F N O I T A D N U O F F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

o r P R E B M I T o r P R E B M I T F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

Timber

RSTAB RFEM

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TIMBER Pro Design acc. to EN 1995, DIN 1052 and SIA 265 The add-on module TIMBER Pro is used for the ultimate and serviceability limit state design according to EN 1995-1-1, DIN 1052:2008-12 and SIA 265:2003. The fire resistance design according to EN 1995-1-2, DIN 4102-4/A1 and SIA 265 is also available. Features

Full integration in RSTAB/RFEM with import of all relevant information and internal forces ❚ Comprehensive material libraries according to EN 1995-1-1, DIN 1052 annex F and SIA 265 ❚ Optional increase of characteristic strength values for gluelam timber according to comments for DIN 1052 table F.9 ❚ Specific assignment of structure to service classes and classification of actions into load duration classes ❚ Design of members and sets of members as well as member lists for deformation analysis ❚ Stability analysis according to equivalent member method or second-order analysis ❚ Determination of governing internal forces ❚ Info icon for successful or failed design ❚ Visualization of design criteria in RSTAB/RFEM model ❚ Colored reference scales in results tables ❚ Synchronization of tables and RSTAB/RFEM work window when selecting current member graphically ❚ View mode for modifying the view in RSTAB/RFEM ❚ Optimization of cross-sections ❚ Transfer of optimized cross-sections to RSTAB/RFEM ❚ Parts list and quantity surveying ❚ Direct data export to MS Excel or OpenOffice.org Calc ❚

Selection of members, loads and design method

After opening the module, you define the members or sets of members that you want to design by manual entries or by selecting them graphically. Then you choose the relevant load cases, groups or combinations for the ultimate and the serviceability limit state design as well as the fire resistance design. The materials defined in RSTAB/RFEM are already preset but can be adjust-

ed in the module. The material properties listed in DIN 1052 annex F are stored in the library. After checking the cross-sections, you assign the load duration classes (LDC) and the service classes (SECL). They can be assigned by load case or member. If the stability analysis is carried out according to the equivalent member method, the effective lengths for

Graphic of structure and stress ratio of selected members


Timber

members and sets of members must be defined. The buckling lengths that are preset with the member lengths can be adjusted directly or by means of β. For the deformation analysis, the reference lengths of the relevant members and sets of members must be specified, considering direction of displacement, precamber and beam type. For the fire resistance design, TIMBER Pro allows for detailed specifications like the determination of crosssection sides where charring occurs.

Designs by load case: ultimate limit state, serviceability limit state, fire protection

Detailed specifications for the design

Subsequent to the successful design, the results are displayed in detail. Every intermediate value can be represented, which makes the design more transparent. The results are listed by load case, cross-section, member or set of members. If the analysis fails, the relevant cross-sections can be modified in an optimization process. The optimized cross-sections can be transferred to RSTAB/RFEM to calculate them again.

recognized immediately. In addition, the result diagrams for the member or set of members allow for a specific evaluation. When designing the cross-section resistance, TIMBER Pro analyzes tension and compression along the grain, bending, bending and tension/compression as well as shear due to shear force with and without torsion. The analysis is carried out with the stresses' design values. For the serviceability limit state design, the program considers axial compression, bending with and without compressive force as well as bending and tension. Furthermore,

Optimization parameters

The stress ratio is represented by different colors in the RSTAB/RFEM model so that oversized or crucial areas of the structure can be

Printout report with graphic and designs

the deflection in the characteristic and quasi-permanent design situations is determined for beams and cantilevers. Separate TIMBER design cases allow for a flexible analysis of specific members, sets of members and actions as well as for individual stability checks. In addition to the input and results data including design details displayed in tables, all graphics of stress ratios can be integrated into the global printout report of RSTAB/ RFEM. In this way a comprehensible and clearly arranged documentation is guaranteed.

o r P R E B M I T o r P R E B M I T F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

STAB RFEM RSTAB RF

Composite

M A E B E T I S O P M O C w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

www.dlubal.com

COMPOSITEBEAM Composite Beam Design acc. to EC 4 COMPOSITE-BEAM allows for the design of continuous composite beams according to DIN V ENV 1994-1-1. The module interacts with the main program RSTAB. However, no RSTAB license is required. The structure and load data is entered in clearly arranged tables. When starting the calculation, the static system including all boundary conditions and loads is generated in RSTAB. Thus, a reliable calculation of internal forces is ensured considering even the ideal cross-section properties. The program analyzes internal forces and carries out all relevant designs according to EC 4 in connection with DIN V ENV 1992-1-1 and DIN V ENV 1993-1-1. The results are displayed in tables, too. Based on the required designs, these tables are clearly arranged, which makes the navigation easier when evaluating results. Checking the input and evaluating the results is supported by 3D visualization. All graphics can be integrated in the printout report for documentation purposes.

Results for shear connection with intermediate values ❚

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Cross-sections varying over beam length with and without concrete encasement

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Reinforcement of flange and encasement varying over beam length

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Profile stiffeners, square and round openings in web

Load Input ❚

Structure Input

Single-span and continuous beams with definable boundary conditions (supports, releases) ❚ Automatic determination of effective cross-sections ❚ Construction supports for construction stage can be freely arranged ❚ Cross-sections of composite beams ❚ Floor structure as - Cast-in-place concrete - Cast-in-place with haunch - Pre-cast concrete slab with in-situ concrete flange - Profiled steel sheeting with in-situ concrete ❚ Rolled cross-sections and singly symmetrical welded I-sections of RSTAB cross-section library ❚

Cross-sections of class 1 and 2 with plastic designs, cross-sections of class 3 and 4 with elastic designs

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Free definition of concentrated, linear and linearly variable loads as fixed and variable loads, specifying concrete age on loading Consideration of freely definable construction loads as well as movable construction loads

Internal Forces ❚

Calculation of cross-section properties according to method 1 or 2

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Calculation of elastic internal forces with RSTAB

❚

Redistribution of moments

Ultimate Limit State ❚

Design for bending and shear force resistance with interaction

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Partial shear connection with ductile connectors

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Determination of required shear connectors and their distribution

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Design for longitudinal shear force resistance

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Output of governing support reactions for construction and composite stage including loads of construction supports

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Design for lateral torsional buckling

Automatic load combination

Serviceability Limit State

Graphic of reinforcement and shear connectors

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Limitation of crack widths

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Check of natural frequency

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Deformations and initial precambering determined by the ideal cross-section properties from creep and shrinkage


Dynamics

c i s a B M A N Y D

DYNAM Basic Analysis of Eigenvibrations The add-on module DYNAM is used for determining the natural frequencies of RSTAB structures. The input data entered in RSTAB will be imported automatically.

General data in DYNAM

Eigenmodes of a bridge

Features ❚

Consideration of geometric stiffnesses

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Option to apply geometric stiffness matrix with use of tension forces

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Import of internal forces of static load cases from RSTAB

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Input option for additional node and member masses

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Import of nodal or member loads from RSTAB as additional masses

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Calculation of up to 10,000 of the lowest eigenvalues

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Powerful calculation method according to the subspace iteration method

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Calculation of dynamically acting additional masses

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Mass determination of corresponding substitute system

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Numerical output of eigenvalue, angular frequency, eigenfrequency and eigenperiod

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Visualization of eigenmodes

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Animated graphic display for eigenmodes with video record

Together with the stiffnesses, masses significantly affect a structure's natural behavior. DYNAM provides appropriate modeling options and calculation methods for structural plan-

nings fulfilling even specific requirements. By considering the net as well as the additional masses, the mass distribution within the structure can be accurately represented. The nodal or member forces defined in RSTAB can be imported automatically to be acting in direction Z as equivalent additional member masses. It is possible to control the creation of the mass matrix for the calculation: A consistent mass matrix enables the representation of a distributed mass. A diagonal mass matrix represents the structure's masses as

Import of additional masses from RSTAB

concentrated in its structure nodes. Axial forces in the geometric stiffness matrix can influence a system's eigenfrequencies decisively. Tensile forces usually increase the natural frequency (like for a stressed violin string). However, as the existence of a particular tensile force level cannot always be presumed or tension forces may not generally exist, it is up to the user's decision whether tensile forces are to be considered. In case axial force values from a static calculation are already available, they can be transferred automatically from RSTAB to DYNAM.


Dynamics

c i s a B M A N Y D w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

In addition to the determination of eigenvalues, DYNAM provides the following additional calculations: ❚ Node deformations By default, DYNAM scales the eigenmodes to the value 1 and lists them member by member. The displacement of nodes can be displayed in a separate table. ❚ Node masses Depending on the support conditions and structural model, structure nodes may freely oscillate. Due to their mass inertia, any additional mass that is assigned will respond with a corresponding dynamic reaction which can be taken as a quasistatic mass. This virtual static load equals the additional mass applied to the non-moving structure and is usually unequal to the static mass.

Substitute masses

Substitute masses Substitute masses are generally used for slender and high structures. Such a structure is entirely reduced to a single-mass oscillator using energy considerations. Its mass is determined for each eigenfrequency. During the calculation, some other values are determined such as the modal masses and the participation factors. The substitute masses can be listed as absolute sums or as sum of the factors. This allows to see which eigenfrequency is dynamically relevant for the respective directions and how many eigenfrequencies are needed for the dynamic analysis. The mass matrix can include the mass from self-weight or even the additional member and node masses. The mass from self-weight is determined


Eigenvalues and eigenfrequencies

by the material data preset in RSTAB. The transfer of additional member and node masses already defined as loads in RSTAB is facilitated by an import function. You can select between a diagonal and a consistent mass matrix to emphasize either accuracy or speed of the calculation. The calculation algorithm allows for an explicit member division by which more eigenfrequencies can be calculated without

❚

Visualization of eigenmodes with animation option

dividing the members by additional structure nodes. When including geometric stiffness matrices with stabilizing effects, the corresponding member axial forces can be specified in a special input table. Eigenmodes together with their animation process can be displayed by a photo-realistic representation in the RSTAB work window.

RSTAB RFEM

Dynamics

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I . d d A M A N Y D

DYNAM Add. I Forced Vibration Analysis This RSTAB add-on module is used to analyze structures for dynamic behavior due to external excitation. The excitation functions can be defined by time histories of forces or moments, accelerations (accelerogram) or harmonic functions. Alternatively, the excitation can be specified by defining response spectra. Based on the eigenmodes of DYNAM Basic, the internal and support forces, the deformations as well as the deformation speed and acceleration can be determined as time history or extreme values.

Time history analysis of moments M y for excitation with accelerogram ❚

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Library of accelerograms

Harmonic loads for defining a force function f(t) and a moment function m(t) with specifications for amplitude, angular frequency and phase shift Response spectra for analyzing the structure affected by seismic support node excitation according to the modal-analytical response spectrum method

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Option to stress nodes by different excitation types simultaneously

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Automatic generation of response spectra considering viscous damping

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Damping coefficient for mass and stiffness matrix

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Rules for superpositioning in the response spectrum analysis following square root of sum of squares (SRSS) or complete quadratic combination (CQC)

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Efficient Newmark-Wilson integration for determination of dynamic behavior

Features ❚

Definition of up to 99 excitation cases with option to store them in a library

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Tabular loads for entering time-dependent forces (single forces and moments)

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Accelerograms for excitations of the structure's support nodes by timedependent accelerations

Excitation case - r esponse spectrum

Creation of response spectrum ❚

Consideration of modal damping

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Consideration of initial deformations and velocities

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Load factors for different global directions

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Combination of several independent excitation force functions in one dynamic load case

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Export of all results in user-defined time steps or as decisive enveloping load combination to RSTAB

Harmonic excitation e.g. due to motor


Dynamics

I I . d d A M A N Y D


DYNAM Add. II Equivalent Lateral Loads for Earthquakes acc. to EC 8, IBC 2000/2009 and DIN 4149 This RSTAB add-on module is used to determine horizontal equivalent lateral forces for earthquakes according to the following standards: ❚

Eurocode 8: 2004-11

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Eurocode 8: 1998-1-1

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IBC 2000

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IBC 2009-ASCE/SEI 7-05

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DIN 4149: 2005-04

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DIN 4149: 1981-04

DYNAM Add. II depends on the results of the natural frequency calculation provided by DYNAM Basic.


Equivalent lateral forces according to Eurocode 8: 2004-11

quake vibrations is freely selectable in all standards but can also be applied automatically in the eigenmode's governing direction. Similarly, the ordinate value of the design spectrum is freely selectable or can be determined automatically by the program. The design spectrum can be displayed graphically showing also the ordinate's location. The components in direction X, Y and Z can either be set automatically according to the standard or manually adjusted by means of factors.

When determining equivalent lateral forces according to EC 8 and DIN 4149,

you can select between the design spectrum for linear calculation and the elastic response spectrum. In case the American standard IBC 2000 is used, the procedures according section 1617 "Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure" or section 1618 "Modal Analysis Procedure" are available. The generated equivalent lateral forces can be exported to RSTAB. An enveloping load combination can be created optionally.

Design spectrum according to Eurocode 8

Proceeding

The standard relevant input parameters are preset but can be edited manually. In this way, even standards that are similar to the rules implemented in the program can be considered to some extent. First, the RSTAB model's eigenvalues are calculated. If masses are to be considered for the calculation, they are already taken into account. Then the calculation parameters are determined according to the selected standard. The direction of the earth-

Generated equivalent lateral forces with export option

RSTAB RFEM

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M R O F E D

DEFORM Deformation and Deflection Analysis The add-on module DEFORM is used for the deformation analysis of individual members as well as complete sets of members defined in RSTAB or RFEM structures. The allowable limit deformations can be determined in relation to either the undeformed system or the deformed member ends.

Selection of load cases, groups and combinations

Specifications for allowable deformations

Features

Deflection analysis for members and continuous members ❚ Graphical selection of members and continuous members for design ❚ Limit deformations referring to global, local or resulting member directions ❚ Specification of limit deformations with reference to length of members or continuous members, alternatively as absolute deformation values ❚ Handling of several load cases, groups and combinations ❚ Management of designs in different design cases ❚ Automatic determination of governing load cases and governing members and continuous members ❚ Free selectable units for lengths and deformations independent of main program RSTAB/RFEM ❚ Integration of deformation analyses into global RSTAB/RFEM printout report ❚

All data is entered in clearly arranged input tables. First, you select the design relevant load cases, groups and combinations. Then you can define the members and sets of members that you want to design either manually or graphically. Finally, the respective allowable limit deformation is assigned with reference to the deformed member ends or the undeformed system. The results are displayed in a clearly structured table. If the analysis for a

member or a continuous member has failed, it is marked accordingly. The analyses carried out with DEFORM can be integrated into the global printout report such as the data of all other add-on modules. If necessary, they can be arranged appropriately there. DEFORM has a very short learning curve due to its clear arrangement and proceeding based on engineering requirements.

Deformation analysis for all members and sets of members

M R O F E D F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

Other

E V O RSMOVE Case Generation M Load from Moving Loads S R E V O M F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

RSTAB RFEM

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RSMOVE and RF-MOVE are RSTAB/ RFEM add-on modules that create different load cases from positions of moving member loads such as of cranes or cars on bridges. When generating these loads, it is possible to create an enveloping load combination additionally. additionally.

Sets of members and generation parameters

Generated moving loads

Features

Generation of up to 9,999 load cases from the moving load's single positions ❚ Summarizing moving load positions in one generation case ❚ Option to add loads to load cases already created in RSTAB/RFEM ❚ Generation of load combination to determine the most unfavorable load position ❚ Option to save load specifications in libraries for later use in other structures The members on which the load runs over can be selected graphically in the RSTAB/RFEM work window. The simultaneous and similar load application on several sets of members using different load types is possible, too. To model the load's moving start on the continuous member, member, the program allows for the exact definition of the first load position. It is also possible to decide whether a moving load consisting of multiple components runs over the end of the continuous ❚

member (like for a bridge) or stops (like for crane runways). In this way a series of load cases may be created for RSTAB/RFEM RSTAB/RFEM whose number can be influenced by specifying the increment for the individual load positions. As load types you can select linear and single forces as well as moments, trapezoidal loads, load pairs and several similar single forces and mo-ments. They can be applied in local and global directions. To determine the reference lengths, the loads

Definition of moving loads

can be related to the true lengths on the member or the projections in one of the global directions. When generating moving loads, it is possible to add loads to already existing load cases. In this case, superpositioning loads in the form of a load combination may be unnecessary. unnecessary. RSMOVE or RF-MOVE is distinguished by its simple input options available in two single tables. Thus, numerous load positions can be created quickly and are immediately available for RSTAB or RFEM.

RSTAB RFEM

Other

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P M I S R

RSIMP Generation of Equivalent Geometric Imperfections and Pre-deformed Initial Structures RSIMP is a powerful RSTAB add-on module used for generating equivalent imperfections (equivalent lateral loads) according to Eurocode 2, Eurocode 3, DIN 18800 or DIN 1052, or for creating a pre-deformed initial structure in RSTAB. Depending on the setting, RSIMP evaluates the deformations of an RSTAB load case, buckling modes calculated by RSBUCK or eigenmodes determined by DYNAM Basic. The program uses the deformation, buckling shape or eigenmode respectively for the imperfection's orientation. With the general stress design, you can carry out the buckling design for any cross-sections at the same time when applying those generated imperfections in RSTAB and calculating them according to the second-order analysis. RSIMP allows for a quick analysis of various imperfection cases to provide the application of equivalent lateral loads in the most unfavorable direction as required in the standards.

General data with parameters for generation

considered for the exact calculation of the inclination according to Eurocode 3, equation (5.5) or DIN 18800 part 2, el. (205). Equivalent imperfections can be assigned to single members as well as to sets of members, which proves to be advantageous especially for precambers. The generation results are displayed in the table and graphic where they can be checked before they are transferred to an RSTAB load case. After the export, the main module provides provides a load case that is independent of RSIMP and can be adjusted, if necessary.

Pre-deformed Initial Structures

As an alternative for equivalent lateral loads, an imperfect initial structure is often used for the calculation. This may be helpful for structures composed of shells. The inclination and camber are represented in an RSTAB structure that is geometrically inclined or precambered. When using such a pre-deformed initial structure, RSIMP scales the node deformations from load cases, buckling shapes or eigenmodes by a definable ordinate value and adds them to the non-deformed original structure.

Generated equivalent imperfections for load case

Equivalent Imperfections

Inclination as well as camber can be easily determined conforming to standards. Subsequently they are transferred to the RSTAB structure. RSIMP knows the cross-sections' buckling curves described in the Eurocodes or DIN 18800 so that the rise of the precamber can be applied correctly without great efforts. In the same way, the reduction factors αh and αm or r1 and r2 can be

Generated imperfections for members and sets of members


Other

K C U B S R



RSBUCK Effective Lengths, Buckling Loads, Bifurcation Load Factors Based on an eigenvalue analysis, the RSTAB add-on module RSBUCK determines the buckling shapes of a structure modeled in RSTAB. The program calculates for each member the structure-specific buckling lengths and loads including the respective critical load. The critical load factor for the entire structure is displayed additionally. The results from RSBUCK can be used for further stability checks such as the flexural buckling design according to DIN 18800 in the add-on module KAPPA. The buckling shapes can also be used for the generation of equivalent imperfections with RSIMP. Features

Automatic import of structural data and boundary conditions from RSTAB ❚ Optional consideration of tension force effects ❚ Import of axial forces from RSTAB load cases or of user-defined specifications ❚ Member by member output of buckling lengths L around weak and strong axis with corresponding buckling length coefficients K ❚ Member by member listing of standardized buckling shapes ❚ Buckling case related output of critical load factor for entire structure ❚ Graphic and animated visualization of buckling shapes on the rendered model ❚ Identification of members free of compression forces ❚ Transfer of buckling lengths, relevant buckling coefficients and buckling shapes in other RSTAB add-on modules for designs according to Eurocode 3 or DIN 18800 (e.g. flexural buckling) or for creating RSTAB imperfections automatically ❚

Definition of calculation parameters

RSBUCK is distinguished by an easy handling, clear data arrangement and a great user friendliness. With only a few mouse clicks you can define the number of buckling shapes to be calculated as well as the load case that is to be considered. The structural data and boundary conditions available in the selected load case are imported automatically. Alternatively you can edit the axial

forces imported from RSTAB or enter new values manually. Furthermore it is possible to create various RSBUCK cases so that you can carry out several analyses each with different boundary conditions. The results of the buckling analysis are represented in clearly structured tables and descriptive graphics. In this way a quick and reliable results evaluation is guaranteed.

Graphical representation of a buckling shape in 3D rendering

RSTAB RFEM

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RS-/RF-COMBI Generation of Load Groups and Load Combinations RSCOMBI and RF-COMBI as add-on modules for RSTAB or RFEM create load groups and load combinations in order to represent various constellations of load cases. The requirements of latest standards include the analysis of diverse actions for the ultimate and serviceability limit states. For structures of great dimensions it may be time-consuming and error-prone to compose all those load constellations manually. The COMBI module allows for an automatic combination.

Combination coefficients for EN 1990

Specifications for standard as well as design situations

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Option to define imperfection load cases depending on selected regular load cases

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Option to use and save user-defined factors in addition to preset factors of standards

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Listing generation results sorted by actions or load cases

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Clearly arranged results summary including used factors and specification of actions and load cases

This add-on module imports the load cases created in RSTAB/RFEM, assigns

Features

Generation of load groups for nonlinear calculations (including imperfections) ❚ Generation of load combinations for linear calculations ❚ Integrated standards: - EN 1990 CEN/CZ - EN 1995 - DIN 1055-100 - DIN 1052 - DIN 18800 - ASCE 7 - CAN / CSA - ACI 318-08 ❚ Option to classify load case as alternative (i.e. mutually exclusive) ❚ Option to reduce load groups for generation automatically by means of a previous extreme value analysis of linearly calculated results ❚

Generated load groups listed by actions

them to actions conforming to standards and generates all relevant load groups and combinations according to the selected standard. These groups and combinations are then returned to RSTAB/RFEM where they can be calculated. As it is not always necessary to export all generated load groups and combinations, it is possible to reduce them either automatically or manually before they will be returned. In this way the calculation is shortened, too.

I B M O C S R I B M O C F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

Other

C L R E P U S



SUPER-LC Superimposing Results of Different Structures (Construction Phases) The RSTAB add-on module SUPERLC facilitates the challenge to consider construction phases with varying structural and loading conditions as they may occur in bridge construction or in other specific fields of civil engineering. In the modeling process, you create a base structure in the same project but under different structure names. It is then modified according to the construction progress. For defining the super combination, you take into account the various structures with the individual construction or operation phases. The loads are superimposed in a similar way as for common RSTAB load combinations. Different construction and operation phases may have different geometric boundary conditions: The structure is supported differently, members may have been added or removed. When determining internal forces, SUPERLC imports the results of the relevant

Superposition of internal forces from different positions

structures and superimposes them according to the combination criteria. The program compares the results by means of member and node numbers. In case that members have different lengths, SUPER-LC scales the internal forces to a standard length first before they are superimposed.

Results of two load groups and enveloping super combination

The combination criteria define the load cases, groups or combinations of a particular structure that you want to consider. It is possible to scale the load cases by factors and to classify them as permanently or conditionally acting. When the structure's relevant load cases have been included in the super combination, you can integrate further load cases from another structure (next construction or operational position) in the same way. For an alternative analysis of different structures, you can superimpose, for example, the envelopes of the respective governing load combinations as an Or superposition. SUPER-LC provides the following standards: Eurocode, DIN 18800, DIN 1045, DIN 1045-1, DIN 1052, ÖNORM, DIN 1055-100. It is possible to adjust or extend these standards. The results of the superposition are displayed numerically and graphically as envelope and can be integrated into the printout report accordingly. In addition, many RSTAB addon modules allow for the subsequent design of a super combination.


Other

R E W O T

TOWER Generating Tower Models with Equipment and Loading Take advantage of the three powerful add-on modules for RSTAB or RFEM to model complex lattice tower structures including equipment and loading: ❚ TOWER Structure ❚ TOWER Equipment ❚ TOWER Loading Each of the modules has a clear structure and can be used intuitively.

R E W O T F R

Input of tower segments with interactive graphic

Library of parameterized bracings

TOWER Structure The basic module represents an innovative tool for generating 3D tower structures being rather complex in their geometry. Furthermore, you can use this module to adjust already existing structures comfortably.

It is possible to define the slopes via widths or width changes. When you have entered the tower poles, you can define various stiffenings for the lattice tower. The program provides detailed specifications for horizontal girts and bracings as well as for vertical bracings of towers having non-identical sides. A comprehensive library with various types of bracings facilitates the input. Each input table shows an interactive graphic that makes entering the model easier.

Features

Generation of triangular, rectangular or square towers ❚ Access to the comprehensive material and cross-section libraries from RSTAB or RFEM ❚ Easy geometry input by means of tower segments ❚ Databases for vertical, horizontal and inner bracings ❚ Easy export of generated model data to RSTAB/RFEM First, define the tower type and the cross-sections that you want to use. Then, enter the tower geometry by specifying the tower segments. ❚

Definition of vertical bracings

When the tower model has been completely generated, the module displays all data in a clearly arranged output table. The output includes all specifications concerning member releases and buckling lengths. To check the data graphically, you can use the Viewer function providing a full screen display. Finally, it is possible to transfer the generated model data of the lattice tower (geometry, cross-sections) to RSTAB or RFEM by mouse click.


Other

R E W O T R E W O T F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

RSTAB RFEM

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TOWER Equipment Towers are used as supporting structures for transmitting antennas and further equipment such as platforms, ladders and cable lines that must be taken into account for the design. With this add-on module you can create transmitter towers including all required equipment in no time. Features

Generation of inside and outside platforms using a comprehensive library with adjustment options due to parametrization ❚ Libraries for tubular extensions and antenna brackets as 2D and 3D constructions placed on selected objects ❚ Antenna groups for evaluation according to mobile network operators ❚ Selection of different antennas based on databases: parabolic, lense, shell, compact and cuboidal antennas ❚ Parameterized input of inner ducts, cable lines and ladders with interactive graphic The various equipment elements are defined in the respective input tables. Extendable libraries and interactive graphics help you to enter the data. Finally, it is possible to transfer all equipment that is structurally effective to RSTAB or RFEM easily. ❚

Specification of antennas from operator library with interactive graphic

TOWER Loading

Features

Using this add-on module, you can create design relevant actions for RSTAB or RFEM. When generating the load, the program considers the tower's structural data and equipment that have been previously defined. The module covers all requirements according to DIN 1055 and DIN V 4131 for self-weight, wind, human, ice and traffic loads. However, you can also create individual load situations.

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To export the generated loads to RSTAB or RFEM, use the Export button.

Specifications for wind pressure and direction of wind loads

Automatic consideration of the tower's self-weight including equipment

Specifications for ice loads ❚

Specification of wind load distribution for windward and leeward tower faces, or user-defined distribution

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Determination of wind loads applied to tower and equipment especially for structures prone to vibration (gust factor)

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Option to reduce total wind load by selecting single objects

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Determination of ice loads for icing classes G and R with automatic specification of ice thickness and length of unidirectional ice increase

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Generation of traffic load cases with surface and human loads

RSTAB RFEM

Other

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RS-/RF-COM Programmable COM Interface RS-COM and RF-COM are programmable interfaces for RSTAB or RFEM based on COM technology. By using these interfaces you can adjust RSTAB or RFEM to your individual needs as customized input macros or followup programs can be created. Due to this add-on module, structures can be created to write new data in there. The same applies to load cases, groups and combinations. The COM interface consists of an instruction set that can be integrated in common programming languages like Visual Basic, Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), Visual C++, Delphi, Java and other application development tools supporting COM technology. The instruction set provides ob jects and methods that allow access to RSTAB or RFEM data. To use RS-COM or RF-COM, you only need an editor, a compiler and some basic programming skills. The object library provided by the interface can be easily included in the editor and is then ready for use. In MS Excel, for example, a VBA editor is already integrated.

M O C F R Program for generating a roundhouse and generated RSTAB structure with loads

In addition to the licenses for RSTAB and RS-COM or RFEM and RF-COM, a valid license for each add-on module whose data is used (STEEL, SUPERLC) is required in order to be able to work with the COM interface. Functions ❚

Read and write access to structural and load case data, load and super combinations (RS-COM)

External control of calculation ❚ Option to open, recreate or edit structures ❚ Access to all results such as deformations, internal and support forces ❚ Access to control elements and stresses of STEEL or RF-STEEL Members ❚ Option to intercept possible errors by error messages ❚ Control of views and transfer of graphics to clipboard ❚ Writing results in a RSTAB structure (RS-COM) ❚

Ranges of Application

Structure generators for typical geometries with loads and combinations, e.g. for RF-COM: welded steel connections, reinforced concrete floors with openings, silos, column supports ❚ Import and export of data from spreadsheets like MS Excel or MS Access ❚ Connection to various programs compatible with COM technology, e.g. CAD programs ❚ Customized pre- and post-processing programs ❚ Preparation and output of data in customized format ❚

Program code in the VBA editor MS Excel

M O C S R


Basis M E F R

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RFEM Finite Elements for Plates, Walls, Shells, Solids and Frameworks RFEM determines the deformations, internal and support forces as well as soil contact pressures of planar and spatial frameworks consisting of members, plates, walls or shells according to the FE method. Creating combined structures as well as modeling solid and contact elements is also possible. This FEM program is particularly distinguished by its user friendly graphical interface. Due to the use of multicore processor and 64-bit technology, the efficiency of calculation algorithms is especially emphasized.


RSTAB RFEM

RFEM user interface with navigator, graphic and table (engineering office Horn & Horn, Germany)

neering, plant construction or glass design. Due to the modular structure of the RFEM program family, various add-on modules are available for design and structural analysis. This allows you to customize the software according to your individual needs. RFEM is clearly structured. Numerous functions as well as all add-on design

modules can be directly opened on the main menu based on an intuitive tree structure. This is the reason why even beginners can quickly become familiar with the program. RFEM comes up with a variety of useful functions making daily challenges in engineering offices remarkably easier.

Convert Nodal Load to Surface Load

RFEM is preferred for all applications where internal forces or stresses in thin-walled or solid structures are determined. For reinforced concrete design, common structural components like flat slabs supported by columns as well as special constructions like cooling towers consisting of shells with rotational symmetry can be analyzed by the program, even in combination with members. For steel design, the program analyzes framework structures as well as connections modeled in detail such as complex frame joints or connections for columns on tanks. In principle, RFEM has been conceived of as software for structural engineering, but it can also be used in other fields like mechanical engi-

Principal moments m1 and m2 with extreme values (office Petschnigg, Graz/Austria)

AB RFEM STAB RFEM

Basis

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RFEM User Interface

Threepart navigator for checking and controlling data, graphic display and results ❚ Integration of Windows capabilities for efficient work (drag-and-drop, context menus, clipboard etc.) ❚ Photo-realistic structure visualization with 3D rendering to check surface thickness or spatial member orientation ❚ Individual customization of interface by specifying colors, font type and size, buttons and style ❚ Equal and synchronized input in graphic display, tables and dialog boxes ❚ Network-compatible Project Manager with graphical preview, option for sub-projects, storage in ZIP format, delete function for results and display of editing history ❚ Generation and import of blocks including loads as parameterized partial structures

M E F R

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Generation of vaulted heads, with or without loads

Guideline and DXF layer technology with snap points for import of CAD templates ❚ Determination of wall and column rigidities for supports ❚ Generation of surface loads from shrinkage ❚ Generation of snow loads (EN 1991-1-3, DIN 1055-5) and wind loads on walls and roofs (EN 1991-1-4, DIN 1055-4) ❚ Conversion of nodal and line loads into area loads ❚

Import of block

Modeling

Quick model input by using comfortable CAD functions, parameter lists and generators ❚ Any kind of combination of lines, arcs, ellipses, polygonal and quadrangle surfaces, pipes, rotated surfaces, members, openings, ribs and solids ❚ Surface types for modeling membranes, masonry or glass ❚ Eccentricities for surfaces ❚ Copy functions with creation of connecting members and surfaces between original and copy ❚

Generation of wind loads according to EN 1991-1-4

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Renumber function

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Tool to determine ordinates of sway and precamber according to Eurocodes and DIN standards

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Comprehensive and expandable library with all relevant material data sorted by standards and materials

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Comfortable conversion of members into surface elements

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Creation of intersections with option to set surface parts inactive


RSTAB RFEM

Basis M E F R

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Calculation

Regenerate function to correct inaccuracies in the model ❚ Powerful FE mesh generator with control option concerning various types of mesh refinements ❚ Consideration of non-linear effects like slippage, yielding and tearing of members or failure of tension springs for elastic supports ❚ Determination of user-defined or plastic material behavior with addon module RF-MAT NL ❚ Individual assignment of calculation parameters to load cases and load groups ❚

Equivalent stresses for solid


Non-linear calculation with info graphic ❚

Linear calculation according to the linear static analysis or non-linear analysis according to the secondorder analysis (Timoshenko) and the large deformation analysis (Newton-Raphson)

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Post-critical analysis

Results

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Incremental load application

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Use of multi-core processors and 64-bit platforms

Results output in tables and graphic as isosurfaces or isolines and vectors

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Matrix solver method adjustable to hardware and discretization

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Adjustable filters for results in graphic and tables

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Superimposing load case results by different criteria like permanent/ variable or with "Or" addition

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User-definable sections on lines, supports, through solid elements or completely free definition

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Graphic of displacements during non-linear calculation

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Smoothing ranges for sections to evaluate result diagrams specifically

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Comprehensive search function to find objects in the graphic

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Free orientation of coordinate systems for input and output to facilitate results transformation

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Adjustable color and value spectra for cross-project use

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Availability of result values on every location of a surface or member

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Determination of centroid for selected objects

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Summarizing structural parts in partial views with option to put hidden objects as gray elements in the background

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Animation of deformation with video recording

Internal forces of selected surfaces of a bridge construction with user-defined sections (ELU Konsult AB/Sweden)

AB RFEM STAB RFEM

Basis

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Automatic pre-allocation of partial views with member types, crosssections, sets of members ❚ Measuring distances and angles between members and surfaces ❚ Clear arrangement by user-defined comments and dimensionings

M E F R

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Printout

Graphic printout with automatic format adjustment to sheet size or option to scale freely ❚ Structural, loads and results graphics automatically available with option for subsequent editing ❚ Library for saving different company headers ❚ Comprehensive selection options for creating printout individually ❚ Printout in English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Czech, Polish, Hungarian or Slovak, Portuguese and Dutch with option to translate default texts into other languages ❚ Export of printout report including graphics in RTF file or to BauText ❚

Result diagrams of sections with smooth range

Interfaces ❚

Data exchange (import/export) with different programs due to integrated interfaces: STP, DXF, IFC, SDNF, ESF, CFE, FEM

Preview in printout report with automated graphics

File formats for data export

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Export and import to MS Excel and OpenOffice.org Calc for each input and output table or for all tables of the structure

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Export of results isolines from RFEM and add-on modules in DXF file as basis for creating reinforcement drawings

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Option to open files from the framework program RSTAB directly in RFEM to add surface elements

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Import of geometry and loads from Glaser ISB-CAD and return of reinforcement to Glaser subsequent to calculation

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Direct CAD integration of Tekla Structures and ProSteel 3D by addon module RF-COM

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Interfaces for IGES, STEP and ACIS (module RX-LINK , surcharge required)

RFEM is also available as 2D program for analyzing planar structures consisting of plates, walls or members. It is always possible to change from the 2D to the 3D version.


Steel

L E E T S F R

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RF-STEEL General Stress Designs for Members and Surfaces The add-on module RF-STEEL used for general stress designs with the main program RFEM consists of two parts: RF-STEEL Surfaces allows for the design of surface and shell elements. RF-STEEL Members is used for the design of member elements. The stress design for members has already been described for STEEL. By comparing existing stresses with limit stresses, it is possible to design also structural parts made from other materials than steel. Features

Integration in RFEM with import of all required structural information and internal forces ❚ Design and analysis of almost any modeled structural parts ❚ Determination of the following stresses including stress ratios: - normal stresses - shear stresses - equivalent stresses according to von Mises, Tresca, Rankine or Bach ❚ Optional output of membrane stresses only due to axial loading ❚ Transversal shear stresses in neutral axes of surfaces according to Kirchhoff, Mindlin or user-defined specifications ❚ Serviceability limit state design ❚ Option to use different material or element properties as basis for optimizations ❚ Numerical results output displayed in user-defined grid with colored relation scales ❚ Graphical design results displayed on RFEM model with various filter options ❚ View mode for modifying the view in the RFEM work window The input data required is reduced to a minimum. You only have to select the surfaces and load cases that ❚


RSTAB RFEM

Selection of surfaces and load cases for ULS design

you want to design and to check the preset material properties and surface data. The limit stresses can be taken from a comprehensive library, but they can also be modified manually or freely defined. New material properties can be stored in the library for later use in other design cases. Subsequent to the design, all stresses and stress ratios are available for numerical and graphical evaluation.

The results tables and graphics can be integrated into the printout report. In this way a clearly arranged documentation is guaranteed. Due to various combination possibilities of surface and member elements in RFEM and the option to analyze them separately in both RF-STEEL add-on modules, crucial areas like frame joints can be modeled and designed as surface elements. The remaining structure can be designed by member analyses.

Equivalent stresses of base plate with surface-related extreme values

AB RFEM STAB RFEMReinforced Concrete www.dlubal.com

E T E R C N O C F R

RF-CONCRETE Reinforced Concrete Design for Plates, Walls, Shells and Members The add-on module RF-CONCRETE used for the design of reinforced concrete with the main program RFEM consists of two parts: RFCONCRETE Surfaces allows for the design of surface and shell elements. RF-CONCRETE Members is used for the design of member elements. The design for members has already been described for CONCRETE. Due to the module's integration into the RFEM user interface, you can pass smoothly from the FE analysis to the reinforced concrete design. The design for bending and axial force as well as shear and torsion is carried out according to the following standards: ❚ DIN 1045 – 1988 ❚ DIN 1045-1 – 2001 ❚ EN 1992-1-1 ❚ ÖNORM B4700 – 2001 Features ❚ Import of relevant information and results from RFEM ❚ Complete and reasonable presetting of input parameters ❚ Consideration of relevant code requirements with control options ❚ Free definition of reinforcement layers (2 or 3 layers) ❚ Independent reinforcement on both surface sides ❚ Option to use basic reinforcements for top and bottom layers ❚ Design variety to avoid compression or shear reinforcement ❚ Design with design moments at column edges ❚ Tabular output in freely selectable grid points with description of nondesignable elements ❚ Numerical result values can be added to graphical design results on RFEM model ❚ Analytical serviceability limit state design ❚ Deflection and crack width analysis in cracked state (state II) with addon module RF-CONCRETE NL (surcharge required)

Definition of reinforcement layout in two different reinforcement groups

After selecting the standard and load cases as well as the material for concrete and reinforced concrete, the relevant design parameters are defined by surface. Reinforcement ratios, reinforcement layout and standard settings can be assigned in detail. In case the program detects some non-designable locations during the design, it displays the reason for it. In this way it is possible to carry out specific modifications to the model or the design specifications. Due to the vectorial representation of main stress directions you can adjust

the third reinforcement layer to the actions in an optimal way. The results are displayed graphically as isolines, isosurfaces or numerical values. Areas covered by the basic reinforcement can be set inactive so that only the additional reinforcement is shown. The isolines can be exported as DXF file and reused in CAD programs where they provide the basis for reinforcement drawings.

Reinforcement - numerical output for both directions, in sections and in isosurfaces


RSTAB Reinforced Concrete H C N U P F R


RFEM

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RF-PUNCH Design of Punching Shear Resistance The RFEM add-on module RF-PUNCH is used for the design of punching shear resistance for surfaces supported by columns or nodal supports. The governing punching load is automatically determined from the existing load. RF-PUNCH allows for a quick punching shear design without entering lots of data. The following standards are available: ❚ EN 1992-1-1 ❚ DIN 1045-1 – 2001 ❚ DIN 1045 – 1988 ❚ ÖNORM B4700 – 2001 ❚ ÖNORM B1992-1-1 Concentrated loads represent another possibility to apply punching loads to a plate. Input

After opening the module, the materials and surface thicknesses defined in RFEM are already preset. If necessary, missing nodes can be selected manually or graphically. Openings near areas bearing the risk of punching shear are either known from the RFEM model or can be specified additionally in RF-PUNCH so that the model's stiffness won't be affected. These openings can be defined in the surface graphically as rectangular or circular sections. As parameters of the longitudinal reinforcement, the number and direction of layers as well as the concrete cover are defined by surface, separately for the plate's top and bottom sides. Detailed specifications for the nodes of punching shear complete the data input, e.g. applicable perimeters, longitudinal or punching shear reinforcement. For reasons of clarity, the program always shows the surface including the relevant node in the info graphic.

Input of details for nodes of punching shear with overview graphic

In addition, you have access to the design software of HALFEN-DEHA (HDB), a German producer of shear rails.

In another output table, the program lists the required longitudinal and punching shear reinforcements for each analyzed node.

Designs

As RF-PUNCH is integrated in RFEM, further nodes of punching shear are known in the surface. Therefore it is possible to carry out an interference check of the determined sections with the sections of the adjacent columns.

The punching shear designs are clearly arranged and represented with all result details in order to guarantee traceability. RF-PUNCH shows the governing punching loads, the existing and allowable shear stresses for the plate's design shear resistance as well as the different sections and reinforcement ratios. If required, a description is indicated.

Finally all design results in the RFEM work window are available for graphical evaluation.

Representation of required punching shear reinforcement in RFEM work window

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Dynamics

c i s a B M A N Y D F R

RF-DYNAM Basic Analysis of Eigenvibrations The RFEM add-on module RF-DYNAM allows for a quick and comfortable analysis of eigenfrequencies for structures consisting of members or surfaces as well as for combined structures. All required input values can be imported from RFEM automatically. To determine up to 1,000 of the lowest eigenvalues, the following powerful equation solvers are available: ❚ Method by Lanczos ❚ Sub space iteration method ❚ ICG - iteration method

Eigenmodes of bridge

Features

Automatic consideration of masses from self-weight ❚ Option to affect the geometric stiffness matrix due to axial forces of a load case or group ❚ Consideration of prestress forces ❚ Option to determine additional nodal, line, member and surface masses ❚ Automatic consideration of loads as masses ❚ Control option for standardization of eigenmodes ❚ Option to control the internal division of members ❚ Calculation of dynamically acting additional masses ❚ Determination of eigenvectors and masses in FE mesh points

General data in RF-DYNAM

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Output of equivalent mass factors

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Numerical output of eigenvalue, angular frequency, eigenfrequency and eigenperiod

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Visualization of eigenmodes

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Animated graphic display for eigenmodes with option for video recording

Together with the stiffnesses, masses significantly affect a structure's natural behavior. RF-DYNAM provides appropriate modeling options allowing for a structural planning close to reality. By considering the net and additional masses, the mass distribution within the structure can be accurately represented.

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Documentation of numerical and graphical results from the analysis of eigenfrequencies in the global RFEM printout report

As axial forces may have an enduring influence on the structure's natural frequencies, the program is able to consider these effects.

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Eigenvibrations of a chimney


RSTAB RFEM

Dynamics I . RF-DYNAM d Add. I d Forced Vibration Analysis A The RFEM add-on module RF-DYNAM Add I is used for the dynamic analysis concerning external M structure excitation. You can define various A excitation functions by time histories forces or moments, accelerations N of(accelerogram) loads. Y The excitation canor harmonic also be described by specified response spectra. D the eigenmodes calculated - Using RF-DYNAM Basic, the following F invalues forces are determined R as timeandhistories or extreme values: w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

internal forces of members, surfaces and solids, nodal and line support forces, deformations, deformation velocities, surface contact stresses and solid stresses. Features ❚

Definition of up to 99 excitation cases that can be stored in libraries to use them in other structures

Excitation case - r esponse spectrum

Input of tabular loads to determine time-dependent single forces and moments ❚ Forced vibration analysis based on time history analysis or response spectrum method ❚ Accelerograms for excitations of nodal and line supports by timedependent accelerations with transformation option ❚ Harmonic loads for defining a force function f(t) and a moment function m(t), specifying amplitude, angular frequency and phase shift ❚

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Basic internal forces of excitation due to harmonic loads

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Response spectra for analyzing the structure affected by seismic support node excitation according to the modal-analytical response spectrum method

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Consideration of initial deformations and velocities

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Load factors for different global directions

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Combination of several independent excitation force functions in one dynamic load case

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Option to stress nodes or lines by different excitation types simultaneously

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Export of all results in user-defined time steps or as decisive enveloping load combination to RFEM

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Automatic generation of response spectra considering viscous damping

Accelerogram Library

Damping coefficient for mass and stiffness matrix ❚ Rules for superpositioning in the response spectrum analysis following square root of sum of squares (SRSS) or complete quadratic combination (CQC) ❚

Creation of response spectrum ❚

Efficient Newmark-Wilson integration for determination of dynamic behavior

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Dynamics

I I . d d A M A N Y D F R

RF-DYNAM Add. II Equivalent Lateral Loads for Earthquakes acc. to EC 8, IBC 2000/2009 and DIN 4149 This RFEM add-on module is used to determine horizontal equivalent lateral forces for earthquakes according to the following standards: ❚ Eurocode 8: 2004-11 ❚ Eurocode 8: 1998-1-1 ❚ DIN 4149: 2005-04 ❚ DIN 4149: 1981-04 ❚ IBC 2000 ❚ IBC 2009/ -ASCE/SEI 7-05 RF-DYNAM Add. II depends on the results of the natural frequency calculation provided by RF-DYNAM Basic.

Design spectrum according to Eurocode 8

Equivalent lateral forces according to Eurocode 8

selected or automatically determined by the program. The design spectrum can also be displayed as a graphic including the ordinate's location. The components in direction X, Y and Z can either be set automatically according to the standard or manually adjusted by means of factors. When determining equivalent lateral forces according to EC 8 and DIN 4149, you can select between the design spectrum for linear calculation

and the elastic response spectrum. In case the American standard IBC 2000 is used, the procedures according section 1617 "Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure" or section 1618 "Modal Analysis Procedure" are available. The generated equivalent lateral forces can be transferred to RFEM by using the export function. An enveloping load combination can be created optionally.

Proceeding

The standard relevant input parameters are preset but can be edited manually. In this way, even standards that are similar to the rules implemented in the program can be considered to some extent. The relevant masses are part of the calculation when analyzing the RFEM model's eigenvalues. The standardspecific parameters are defined in a separate input table of the dynamic module. The direction of the earthquake vibrations is freely selectable, but they can also be applied automatically in the eigenmode's governing direction. Similarly, the ordinate value of the design spectrum can be freely

Generated equivalent lateral forces with export in RFEM load case


RSTAB RFEM

Other

P M I F R

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RF-IMP Equivalent Geometric Imperfections and Predeformed Initial Structures for RFEM The RFEM add-on module RF-IMP creates imperfections as equivalent lateral loads for members or predeformed initial structures for surfaces. If these generated imperfections are considered in a non-linear calculation according to the second-order analysis, stability analyses for frameworks and shell structures can be carried out comfortably in RFEM. General data in RF-IMP

Features


Consideration of imperfections from RF-IMP for a load group in RFEM

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Imperfections for members as equivalent loads according to Eurocode 2, Eurocode 3, DIN 1045-1, DIN 18800 and DIN 1052

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Consideration of reduction factors αh and αm or r1 and r2 as well as of rise of precamber depending on buckling curves according to Eurocode 3, equation (5.5) or DIN 18800 part 2, el. (205)

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Generation of imperfections in accordance with - deformations of a load case - buckling shapes from RF-STABILITY - eigenvibrations from RF-DYNAM

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Generation of imperfections for single members or several members as set of members (e.g. columns consisting of several members)

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Generation of surface and member imperfections by displacing all FE mesh nodes or only the RFEM structure nodes

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Comfortable assignment of predeformed initial structures when defining new load groups without the need for calculating a new structure

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Visualization of generated imperfection modes in RFEM user interface

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Option to carry out buckling designs according to second-order analysis with RF-STABILITY and RF-STEEL

Buckling shape from RF-STABILITY (above) and corresponding pre-deformed structure in RF-IMP (below)

AB RFEM STAB RFEM

Other

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Y T I L I B A T S F R

RF-STABILITY Critical Load Factors and Buckling Modes for RFEM Structures The RFEM add-on module RF-STABILITY determines the critical load factors and corresponding buckling shapes for frameworks and shell structures. They are required for the stability analysis which is important, together with the general stress analysis, for structural components subjected to compression. The structure's stability risk is represented by the critical load factor of the entire system. The respective buckling mode gives you information about the risk-bearing area in the structural model. Features

Simultaneous determination of several buckling shapes in one calculation run ❚ Automatic import of the axial forces of a load case or group from RFEM ❚ Option to consider favorable effects due to tension ❚ Option to consider a load case's axial forces as prestress ❚ Direct control option to determine axial forces according to non-linear calculation (Newton-Raphson) ❚ Option to reduce stiffness by means of partial safety factor γM ❚ Powerful equation solvers to determine eigenvalues according to subspace iteration method for default cases or ICG iteration method for complex structures with high memory requirements ❚ Tabular output of critical load factors and corresponding buckling modes ❚ Visualization of buckling mode as isosurfaces or isolines in the RFEM user interface ❚ Basis for calculation with imperfect equivalent structures in RF-IMP ❚

General data: parameters for stability analysis

It is possible to calculate up to 1,000 stability eigenvalues at the same time which are sorted by critical load factors in the output table later. In this way you can evaluate the governing failure modes of the analyzed structure. Due to the graphical representation of buckling modes you can easily recognize the areas bearing instability risks. This allows for introducing structural provisions counteracting these failure modes.

RF-STABILITY proves to be particularly useful for analyzing structures bearing risks for buckling such as slender beams or thin-walled shells. On the one hand, you can quickly evaluate the structure concerning its general instability risk (buckling and lateral torsional buckling) by checking the critical load factor. On the other hand, it is possible to deduce applications for imperfections from the critical (lowest) eigenvectors.

Critical load factors of cantilever with buckling shapes in RFEM workspace


RSTAB RFEM

Other

N I L I O S F R

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RF-SOILIN Soil-structure Interaction Analysis The representation of soil conditions as elastic foundations has a great influence on the structural analysis of buildings. To simplify the design, a rigid support is often presumed or a surface elastic foundation with uniform stiffness along the entire floor slab (e.g. according to the Winkler foundation model) is applied. The add-on module RF-SOILIN takes into account the results of a subsoil expertise for the structural analysis. In this way the interaction between structure and soil can be considered realistically.

Definition of soil layers for individual soil samples

Features

Expandable library for soil constants ❚ Consideration of several soil samples (probes) at different locations, even outside the building ❚ Consideration of groundwater as well as side effects due to excavation and rock at last layer ❚ Calculation of elastic foundation coefficients in finite elements ❚ Determination of stress diagrams in direction Z and of settlements in grid points ❚


Definition of subsidence basin

The foundation coefficients can be determined according to the following standards: ❚ EC 7 ❚ DIN 4019 ❚ CSN 731001 RF-SOILIN allows for settlement calculations based on exploration drillings. The results are used to calculate the corresponding foundation coefficients for each finite element. The program is able to consider several different layers of soil at any definable recording point. As basis for the settlement calculation you can select either the stiffness modulus or the modulus of elasticity in connection with the Poisson's ratio. Furthermore, it is possible to freely define the subsidence basin.

Calculation of settlement values on the basis of freely selectable load case or group ❚ Efficient design of floor slabs and buildings due to consideration of realistic soil conditions ❚ Calculation of stress diagrams in direction Z according to elastic halfspace theory ❚

Results: Stresses and settlements, elastic foundation coefficients in RFEM work window

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Other

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S S A L G F R

RF-GLASS Design of Glass Surfaces The add-on module RF-GLASS facilitates the deflection analysis and stress design for laminated or insulated glass. As this module is integrated in RFEM, many functions can be shared. RF-GLASS allows for analyzing the following glazing types: ❚ Tempered or laminated safety glass with layer structure ❚ Double glazing consisting of single panes or laminated safety glass with enclosed gas layer Definition of glass and gas layers for insulating glass

Design

Import of foil from material library

Layer Structure and Materials

The pane structure can be defined freely. You can select between three layer types: glass, foil and gas. The program includes a comprehensive library with all common types of glass, laminated material and gases according to DIN EN 572-1, E DIN EN 13474, DIN 1249-10 and DIBt approval. It is possible to edit the materials' thickness as well as its parameters. For panes consisting of laminated glass, you can consider the laminating foil's shear capacity according to the sandwich theory. According to the DIBt guidelines, it is not allowed to take into account the shear coupling's favorable effects between the layers. For insulating glass, however, the design with complete shear coupling is allowed. RF-GLASS provides both designs.

Panes of tempered and laminated safety glass without gas layer can be designed linearly (linear static analysis) or non-linearly (large deformation analysis). Insulating glazings with gas layers are represented by special solids. They are calculated by iterations according to the large deformation analysis (Newton-Raphson). Subsequent to the calculation, the displacements, stresses and princi-

Results: Stresses in glass layers

pal axis orientations are displayed for each glass layer at top and bottom sides. Climatic Loads

For insulating glass you can consider climatic load parameters. They are subdivided in summer loads (temperature, atmospheric pressure and altitude for manufacturing and mounting) and winter loads (external glass side, load distribution on external and internal glass sides).


Other S E RF-STAGES G FEA Calculations consider A ing Different Stages T add-on module RF-STAGES for S The RFEM and RSTAB is used to calculate S E G A T S F R w e i v r e v o t c u d o r P

RSTAB RFEM

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framework structures by taking into account the sequence of construction. Features

Easy definition of structural conditions for the RFEM/RSTAB structure including visualization ❚ Adding and removing members as well as modifying member properties such as end releases or degrees of freedom for nodal supports ❚ Optional superposition of stages with additional temporary loads, for example for construction load cases ❚ Consideration of non-linear effects due to failed members, foundations or supports ❚ Results display for individual structural stages or as envelope (Max/ Min) of all construction stages ❚

Input

When the creation of a structure has been completed in the main program, you can assign individual structural components as well as load cases and load groups to the respective structural stages. Within these stages, you can modify the release definitions of members and supports in order to represent system modifications such as the step-bystep compound of bridge beams or column settlements. The load cases and groups created in RFEM/RSTAB are subdivided into Permanent Loads and Temporary Loads. For temporary loads, you can even create load combinations. In this way it is possible, for example, to determine the maximum internal forces from different crane positions or to consider construction loads that are effective only in one construction stage.

Representation of a structural stage in the RFEM/RSTAB work window

Calculation

Results and Export

Permanent Loads are analyzed suc-

Subsequent to the calculation, you can evaluate the results of the individual stages in tables or graphically in the RFEM/RSTAB model. The module also provides an export function so that the results can be used in further designs: For example, you may use the exported internal forces of members in steel or reinforced concrete designs. Alternatively, the data can be exported to MS Excel or OpenOffice.org Calc.

cessively according to the non-linear theory by Newton-Raphson (large deformation analysis) for each structural stage. If geometric differences occur between the ideal system and the system that has been deformed because of the previous stage, they will be compensated internally. When analyzing the structure, the new structural system is applied to the already stressed system of the previous stage.

Internal forces of a construction stage

Cross-Sections Cross-Sections www.dlubal.com

E P A H S

SHAPE Cross-section Properties and Stress Analysis The stand-alone module SHAPE is a powerful tool for determining the cross-section properties and stresses of any thin-walled cross-section. The main programs RSTAB and RFEM can interact with the module so that the cross-section properties determined by SHAPE are available in the framework or FEM program. It is also possible to import internal forces from RSTAB or RFEM for further design. Data can be entered in the graphic or table. A DXF import is also possible. In addition, the module can be controlled by using a special external COM interface.

Determination of effective cross-section properties according to EN 1993-1 with classification

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Possible cross-section shapes

Section properties:

- Cross-sectional area A - Shear areas Ay, Az, Au, Av - Centroid position yC, zC - Moments of inertia Iy, Iz, Iyz, Iu, Iv, Ip, IpM - Radii of gyration iy, iz, iyz, iu, iv, ip, ipM - Inclination of principal axes α - Cross-section weight G - Section perimeter U - Torsional constants J, JSt. Ven., JBredt, Jsecondary

Shear wall section properties of non-connected cross-sections with indication of forces from bending and torsion

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Plastic calculation with determination of enlargement factor αpl

Plastic section properties:

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Calculation of effective crosssections according to EN 1993-1 and DIN 18800

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Checking (c/t) ratios by using the analysis methods el-el, el-pl or pl-pl according to DIN 18800

Statical moments and warping statical moments:

- Static moments Qu, Qv with indication of maxima as well as position and direction of shear flow - Warping ordinates ωM - Warping areas Qω,M - Cell areas Am

Open, closed, connected or nonconnected partial cross-sections (e.g. cores of high-rise buildings) ❚

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- Axial force Npl,d - Shear forces Vpl,y,d, Vpl,z,d, Vpl,u,d, Vpl,v,d - Bending moments Mpl,y,d, Mpl,z,d, Mpl,u,d, Mpl,v,d - Section moduli Zy, Zz, Zu, Zv - Shear areas Apl,y, Apl,z, Apl,u, Apl,v - Area bisection coordinates fu, fv - Inertia ellipse

Import of a DXF template

Determination of Crosssection Properties and Stresses

- Location of shear center yM, zM - Warping constants IωC, IωM or IωD - Max./min. section moduli Sy, Sz, Su, Sv, SωM with indication of position in cross-section as well as St - Section ranges ru, rv - Reduction factor λM

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The cross-sections are modeled by means of nodes, single or polygonal elements, arcs and point elements. In addition, parameterized rectangular and circular hollow sections as well as a comprehensive library offering rolled and welded cross-sections are available.

Stresses:

- Normal stresses σx due to axial force, bending moments and warping bimoment - Shear stresses τ due to shear forces as well as primary and secondary torsional moments - Equivalent stresses σeqv with stress ratio of allowable stress

Cross-section l ibrary


Cross-Sections Cross-Sections

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E P A H S


Library cross-section with point elements

Due to the use of point elements, cross-sections can be modeled accurately. Elements like roundings, rectangles, circles or triangles can be added or removed. Even the rolled cross-sections from the library already provide appropriate point elements. Elements can be divided or graphically connected to other elements or cross-sections. SHAPE is able to divide the elements automatically ensuring, by means of dummy elements, that the shear flow won't be interrupted.

Shear wall system

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Calculation of ideal cross-section properties for cross-sections consisting of different materials

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Determination of effective widths and classification according to EN 1993-1

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Option to select particular table rows for display

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Data exchange with MS Excel for table import and export

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Printout report with option for a short form printout on one page

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Export of printout report in RTF file or to BauText

The plastic stress design considering plastic interactions is carried out according to the Simplex method. The yield hypotheses can be selected according to Tresca or von Mises. As

Short form printout of combined cross-section

SHAPE also can check (c/t) limit values, the program provides for a complete design. The (c/t) cross-section parts of continuous elements are recognized automatically. You can access the cross-sections calculated by SHAPE from RSTAB and RFEM as well as from all addon modules. In addition to the relevant cross-section properties, the programs import the cross-sectional geometry so that the cross-section can be visualized appropriately in the RSTAB or RFEM rendering.

Composite cross-section

Features

Modeling of roundings by using arc elements ❚ Controllable treatment of overlaps for calculation ❚ Option to divide cross-sections into elements and to arrange elements in groups as cross-sections ❚ Import of member internal forces from RSTAB and RFEM ❚ Access to material properties, yield and limit stresses of an extendable library ❚ Option to define yield stress and limit stresses depending on member thickness ❚ Stress analysis for primary and secondary torsional moments as well as warping bimoments ❚

Plastic resistance with interaction: normal stresses σx, plastic normal stresses σx,pl

Connections

Steel

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T N I O J E M A R F

FRAME-JOINT Design of Bolted Rigid End Plate Connections FRAME-JOINT is an add-on module for RSTAB or RFEM, creating and classifying rigid bolted connections between columns and girder beams. The bending-resistant bolt connections are analyzed by using the ultimate load design method (determining the plastic load capacities according to DIN 18800), following the plastic analysis method of EC3, annex J. To model efficient connections, stiffeners, column web strengthenings and backing plates are only provided when they are required for bearing the possible limit load.

General data ❚

Structural Features

Modeling of inclined and right-angled frame joints as knee joint ❚ Option to flush end plate joints ❚ Easy input of taper geometry ❚ Column and beam cross-sections from normal or center-cut rolled girders and/or singly or double symmetrical welded girders ❚ Bolts with strength grade 4.6, 5.6, 8.8 or 10.9 with shank or thread in shear plane ❚

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User-defined hole clearance for drilled or punched holes Bolt spacing: invariably equidistant or equidistant and iteratively ad justed (reduced) or setting option for height of tension zone Two vertical bolt rows, number of horizontal rows only limited by web height (tension zone) Optimal determination of joint geometry, plate thickness, backing plates, stiffeners, supplementary web plates, diagonal stiffeners, welds

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Optional thickness specification for beam end plate, backing plate and diagonal stiffener as well as obligatory arrangement of web stiffeners and supplementary web plates

Designs acc. to DIN 18800

Beam end plate and column flange according to plastic hinge theory ❚ Bolts for tension, including contact forces ❚ Bolts for shearing ❚ Tension force introduction in column and beam web ❚ Buckling design for gusset plate ❚ Shear design for gusset plate ❚ Introduction of compressive force into column web and buckling design for web plate ❚ If necessary, design for diagonal and web stiffener as well as web strengthening ❚ Compression force introduction in beam ❚

Design According to Eurocode 3 ❚

Hole layout of bolts

Classification of connection concerning its stiffness and load bearing capacity (moment-rotation characteristics)


Steel

T N I O J E M A R F

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Integration in RSTAB/RFEM

The members which should be connected can be selected graphically by clicking their nodes. In addition to material, cross-sections and inclination angle, FRAME-JOINT imports the corresponding internal forces of the relevant nodes. Interactive remarks facilitate the selection. The input and results data are clearly arranged in tables according to their subjects. At any time, it is possible to make modifications to nodes, bolts, cross-sections or load cases, if selected. In addition to the comprehensive RSTAB or RFEM cross-section library, a database with bolts including all details of the bolt's elements is available. Solver Options


Connections

In the first results table, all connection options determined from the structural specifications can be seen in order to select the most efficient one. Interactive comments indicate the cause for failed designs and suggest corrections.

Selection of solver options

The parts list shows the most important design features: - Number of bolts - Thickness of required backing plates, diagonal and web stiffeners as well as supplementary web plates for beam and column All solver options are represented as design drawings true to scale of the frame joint.

Design internal forces

Designs

Further Features

Subsequent to the solver options, a clearly arranged and detailed results output is given. As the design is based on analytical formulas according to the calculation methods mentioned in DIN 18800, the results including initial and intermediate values can always be checked manually. ❚ Clear arrangement of governing internal forces from results on selected node ❚ Comparison of design loading and design capacity ❚ Output of all design relevant initial and intermediate values ❚ Representation of all structural components with interactive images from different perspectives including dimensions ❚ Indication of failed designs ❚ Clear representation of connection classification ❚ Determination of rotational spring stiffness for frame joint, if required ❚ Printout report of input and result values from tables including graphics

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Design of negative and positive moments ❚ Determination of a similar frame joint for the internal forces on several nodes ❚ Representation of frame joint including all structural components in 3D rendering

Frame joint in 3D r endering

Accurate geometry determination with interference check to ensure mounting of connection ❚ Printout of geometry in full detail for design engineer with dimensions of components and hole layout ❚ Option to consider the determined rotational spring stiffness for calculation of internal forces ❚

Connections

Steel

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E T A L P D N E

END-PLATE Rigid End Plate Connections acc. to DIN 18800 Part 1 DASt/Valtinat The add-on module END-PLATE calculates bending-resistant end plate connections with high strength friction grip bolts and rigid weld connections for members according to DIN 18800 part 1. END-PLATE provides a design and dimensioning mode for bolts, end plates and all welds of the connection. You can design the connections of double and singly symmetrical I-sections for an uniaxial acting moment with axial and shear force. Features

Calculation of two- or four-row bending-resistant end plate connections with flush or extended end plates according to DIN 18800 part 1 ❚ Calculation taking into account, contrary to the guidelines of the DSTV (German Steel Construction Association), also axial forces (internal forces My, N, Vz) and freely definable, singly symmetrical I-sections ❚ Option to calculate an exclusive axial force tension joint ❚ Separate design option for welds of connection with indication of recommended values according to DIN 18800 part 1 ❚ Automatic dimensioning of bolts, end plates and welds or specification of constant values for flange and fillet welds as well as end plate thickness ❚ Cost-efficient dimensioning due to complete use of available cross-section reserves ❚ Efficient weld thicknesses as well as thicknesses of end plates appropriate to loading due to design with complete interaction of moment, shear and axial force ❚ Output of the minimum required prestress forces for serviceability limit state design ❚

Selection of members and assignment of member sides

Photo-realistic representation of end plate with cross-section, bolts, weld and dimensioning including printout option Due to the integration in RSTAB and RFEM, subsequent modifications to the structure or load are automatically adjusted for the connections set in the module. The nodes for the design can be selected graphically in the model. ENDPLATE recognizes the cross-sections and their dimensions automatically. As the program determines also the ❚

Output of weld details

governing internal forces from the load cases selected for the design, no manual input of internal forces is required. For connections at different locations, it is possible to select a structural, standardized connection type. An error list shows the non-designable elements or the recommendations that haven't been followed. The output is represented in the global printout report of RSTAB/RFEM, available as well-arranged short or full version.


Connections

Steel

T C E N N O C


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CONNECT Shear Connections acc. to DIN 18800 The add-on module CONNECT is used to dimension typical shear connections for members in steel construction for the design according to DIN 18800. I-sections can be connected with a ❚ web cleat on one or both sides, ❚ end plate, ❚ seating cleat and end plate to fix position. CONNECT is completely integrated in RSTAB or RFEM and provides a comfortable graphical selection option for the members to be designed. The connections are dimensioned by the program or designed for user specifications concerning member thicknesses, welds as well as hole spacing and edge distances. The entries are automatically checked regarding the applicable minimum distances and recommended weld thicknesses. The bolts' strength grades 4.6, 5.6, 8.8 and 10.9 can be selected for the sizes M12 to M36 as precision or black bolts. The connections can be carried out with the steel grades S 235 and S 355. The connection is clearly represented in the documentation of the printout report. The report includes also a three-dimensional construction graphic. Connection with Web Cleat

A beam's hinged shear connection (optionally with axial force) to a column or a supporting girder by means

General data for selection of connection type

of one or two web cleats is designed according to DIN 18800 part 1. The calculative zero point of moments is set into the weld of the cleat on the load-bearing member. The cleat connection is then modeled as bendingresistant and finally will be designed. Features

Design of welds and cleats for stress ❚ Selection of fillet welds or single bevels ❚ Design of bolts, web cleats and beam for hole bearing and shear ❚ Adjustable limitation of cleat dimensions ❚ Connection with only one bolt according to DIN 18800 part 1, el. (807) is possible ❚ Connection can be designed for axial force only (tension joint), shear force only or a combination of shear and axial forces ❚

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Design of load introduction into beam according to DIN 18800, el. (744)

Connection with Seating Cleat

The shear force is transferred by means of a seating cleat welded on the load-bearing member. The beam is additionally secured by an end plate connection. ❚ Design of all bolts and of connection weld ❚ Design of ultimate stabilizing moment MT from transverse load

Connection with End Plate

If this type of connection is selected, an end plate is used to transfer the shear force to the load-bearing member. The plate can only be welded on a flange, on both flanges or on the web. ❚ Bolt design for shear and hole bearing ❚ Weld design Connection with end plate

Connection with seating cleat and end plate

Connections

Steel

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V T S D

DSTV Typified Connections in Steel Building Construction acc. to EC 3 and DIN 18800 The RSTAB or RFEM add-on module DSTV (German Steel Construction Association) designs moment resisting and pinned I-beam connections for members according to the German guideline Typified Connections in Steel Building Construction.

You can design moment resisting connections with flush and extended end plate, coped connections as well as pinned beam connections by using end plates and angles. The connections can be visualized efficiently in the rendering mode. The program displays all required structural dimensions for end plates and angles as well as the corresponding hole arrangements. Features ❚

Design for moment resisting and pinned connections of I-shaped rolled cross-sections according to either EC 3 or DIN 18800 (types IH, IW, IS, IK and IG)

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Flush and extended moment resisting connections with automatic dimensioning of required bolt sizes (types IH1 to IH4)

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Option to suggest possible column cross-sections for moment resisting connections

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Check of required thickness of loadbearing member for shear connections

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Indication of decisive reason for failure

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Output of all required structural details such as appliances, hole arrangements, extensions, bolt number, end plate dimensions and welds

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Output of stiffnesses S j,ini for bending-resistant connections

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Pinned connections with normal and long angles (types IW and IG)

Selection of connection and assignment of member sides

Pinned connections by using end plates with mounting either on web only or on web and flange (type IS) ❚ Option to combine coped connections (IK) with pinned end plates (IS) and web cleat connections (IW) ❚ Documentation of available loadings and comparison with resistance as well as indication of utilization ❚ Automatic determination of governing internal forces for several load cases and connection nodes First, you decide whether you want to design a moment resisting or a pinned connection. The respective member ends can be selected graphically in the RSTAB/RFEM model. Then, the module imports the crosssections and material properties and checks if they are applicable for connections according to the DSTV guidelines. ❚

Connection with long angles

The program allows for structurally similar connections on several locations of the framework structure, even if this is not required by an exact design for internal forces.

Stiffened column connection

The designed connection is documented in the central RSTAB or RFEM printout report. Depending on the subject, the tabular printout is described by additional graphics in the margin. All rendered views including dimensions can be printed as draft for the design engineer.


Steel

S S H

Connections

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HSS Ultimate Limit State of Welded Hollow Structural Section Connections acc. to Eurocode 3 The RSTAB or RFEM add-on module HSS is used to design planar and spatial framework joints of steel hollow sections. The connections can be defined with round, square or rectangular hollow sections. Take advantage of HSS to carry out the ultimate limit state design according to EN 1993-1-8:2005. Features

Integration in RSTAB/RFEM with automatic geometry recognition and transfer of internal forces ❚ Option to define connection manually ❚ Comprehensive library providing tables of hollow sections for chords and struts: - Round pipes - Square pipes - Rectangular pipes ❚ Implemented steel grades: S 235, S 275, S 355, S 420, S 450 and S 460 ❚ Selection of available connection types according to standard specifications: K, N, KT, DK, T, Y, X ❚ Selection of partial safety factors according to national annex for Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Slovenia, Switzerland or Denmark ❚ Adjustable angles between struts and chord members ❚ Optional chord rotation by 90° for rectangular hollow sections ❚ Possibility to consider gap between struts or overlap of struts ❚ Option to consider additional nodal force ❚ Connection design as maximum ultimate limit state of a truss' struts for axial forces and bending moments ❚


Specification of general geometry and connection parameters

The connection nodes can be selected graphically in the RSTAB or RFEM model. The relevant data for crosssections and geometry will be imported automatically. It is also possible to define the parameters of the hollow section connection manually. If required, you can adjust the crosssections in the module. The preset angles between struts and chord member can be modified as well. The geometric relation of the struts to each other is important for the appropriate selection of the design. This relation is defined by specifying a

Results with detail designs

gap between the struts or an overlap of the struts themselves. The verification of the applicable geometric conditions represents the basis for a successful structural design. The design includes detailed specifications concerning design internal forces, validity limits and design conditions. They are also documented in the global RSTAB or RFEM printout report. Separate design cases enable a flexible analysis of several structural components in complex systems.

Connections

Timber

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L E W O D

DOWEL Design of Dowel Connections with Slotted Sheets The RSTAB or RFEM add-on module DOWEL allows for the design of dowel connections with slotted sheets typical for timber constructions. The program designs all common joints of rectangular cross-section types as they are used in trusses. In addition to the connection's ultimate limit state, DOWEL also checks the geometric feasibility.

Connection types and members at connection

BSB-Firstanschluss

Features

Automatic recognition of different joint types and position of chords, vertical struts and diagonals ❚ Automatic assignment of appropriate members to connection with comfortable graphical selection option in RSTAB/RFEM ❚ Plausibility check for every selected connection node to avoid design problems ❚ Free settings for different applicable edge and dowel distances parallel and perpendicular to fiber ❚ Option to set number of used slotted sheets and dowels freely ❚ Free specification of dowel diameter and sheet thickness ❚ Support of various standards: DIN 1052-2:1988, DIN 1052:2008, ÖNORM B 4100/2, SIA 164/HBT 2 ❚ Dowel arrangement in circles and rows To design dowel connections on particular nodes of the RSTAB or RFEM ❚

structure, select the respective connection type first. This connection may be, for example, a node with a continuous chord, vertical struts and diagonals, i.e. five connected members. Then, assign the relevant nodes to this connection type. All connections of a type will be designed identically. In the connection details, you can ad just the applicable stresses, distances and arrangement rules for the dowel layout. The load can be easily entered by selecting the load cases that

you want to calculate. DOWEL determines the governing internal forces completely automatically. The results tables list all relevant data in clear arrangement, such as number of dowels and slotted sheets, actual and allowable forces, effective direction in relation to fiber, utilization of connection as well as governing load case. Each single connection in the table output is visualized by a colored graphic true to scale.

Circle and row connections on node of bottom chord


Stand-alone Timber R E B M I T X R

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RX-TIMBER ❚ ❚ ❚

Continuous Beams Purlin Glued-Laminated Beams

The stand-alone add-on modules RX-TIMBER Continuous Beam, RX-TIMBER Purlin and RX-TIMBER Glulam are used for the design of continuous or glued-laminated beams concerning the ultimate and serviceability limit states. The designs are carried out according to the following standards: ❚ DIN EN 1995-1-1:2004 (EC 5) ❚ DIN 1052 (2008-12): ULS and SLS ❚ DIN 4102 part 22 (fire protection) Features of Continuous Beam / Purlin

Design of single-span and continuous beams as well as hinged girder systems (Gerber) with or without cantilevers ❚ Load determination based on roof shape ❚ Vibration design ❚ Calculation of fasteners in connection zone (rails, special dow els or free selection) ❚ Shear force reduction and moment redistribution ❚ Allocation of framework to service classes and specification of service class categories ❚


odu es

Type and properties of a glued-laminated beam

Material library for both standards and for roof structure loads ❚ Easy geometry input with useful graphics ❚ Determination of support forces and deformations ❚ Info icon for successful or failed design ❚ Optimization of cross-sections ❚ Direct data export to MS Excel Several variations are available for selection when modeling the beam. Entering geometry data is facilitated by images showing the relevant modifications immediately. A comprehensive and extendable material library makes the input of all ❚

Features for Glulam

Design of following beam types: - parallel beam - monopitch roof beam - duopitch roof beam with straight bottom chord - arch beam - duopitch roof beam with inclined bottom chord and constant or variable height - fish beam ❚ Handling of unsymmetrical beams with or without cantilevers ❚ Option to consider stiffening elements for transversal tension - bonded steel bars - steel bars with thread - bonded wood strips - bonded wood-based plates ❚

Design overview with display of design details

permanent loads easier. The generators allow for a comfortable creation of various wind and snow load cases according to EN 1991 or DIN 1055. The loads are represented graphically and automatically combined according to EN 1990 / EN 1995 or DIN 1055 / DIN 1052. For the serviceability limit state design, you can define the deformations' limit values. Optionally, you can consider a precamber for the beam. For the fire resistance design, the program allows for detailed specifications like determining the crosssection sides where charring occurs.

Stand-alone www.dlubal.com

odu es Timber

R E B M I T X R

RX-TIMBER ❚ ❚

Column Frame

The stand-alone add-on modules RX-TIMBER Column and RX-TIMBER Frame are used for the design of timber columns or frames concerning their ultimate and serviceability limit state. The designs are carried out according to the following standards: ❚ DIN/CZ EN 1995-1-1:2004 ❚ DIN 1052 (2008-12) ❚ DIN 4102 part 22 (fire protection) RX-TIMBER provides an English, a German and a Czech user interface.

Type and boundary conditions for a timber column

Features for Column

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Automatic generation of wind and snow loads according to EN 1991-1 or DIN 1055

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Option to consider precamber

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DXF interface to create production documents in CAD

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List of designs and indication of relevant texts in standards

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Determination of support forces and deformations

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Detailed setting options for fire protection design

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Printout report with all required designs prepared for test engineer

Design of rectangular and round columns ❚ Design of hinged columns and brackets with or without elastic end restraints ❚ Automatic determination of effective lengths for buckling and lateral torsional buckling ❚ Load input considering class of load duration and service class as well as eccentricities ❚

Dynamic graphics help you to model the frame geometry. The snow loads are determined automatically, conforming to standards, from the altitude and the snow load zone. They can also be entered manually. Wind loads, too, can be determined by specifying the wind zone and the terrain category or they are defined manually. For the fire protection design, detailed settings are possible. Subsequent to the design, the results will be displayed, arranged by different criteria, and documented in the printout.

Unsymmetrical, dovetailed frame

Features for Frame

Design of symmetrical or asymmetric frames as well as of half-frames ❚ Dovetailed frame joints with or without intermediate piece ❚ Material data base providing gluelam timber according to standard specifications ❚ Detailed definition options concerning building and frame geometry for load determination ❚ Parameter settings for lateral buckling ❚

Design overview for a frame with intermediate results


Interfaces

K N I L X R

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RX-LINK Import of IGES, STEP and ACIS Files RFEM and RSTAB provide various options to exchange data. The add-on module RX-LINK allows for the import of IGES, STEP and ACIS files. Due to these file formats you can import the model's geometry in the form of border lines and surfaces. The quality of the model depends on the application used for the export. Only files can be considered for the import process. The corresponding file formats are commonly used in mechanical engineering. Further Interfaces


Interfaces

The program systems RSTAB and RFEM include a number of free interfaces for different formats: - IFC interface - German DSTV product interface - Interface to MS Excel - DXF interface - SDNF interface - ASCII interface

Dialog box extended by RX-LINK formats for import of structures

- Interface to Nemetschek Allplan with Round-trip Engineering functionality (import of geometries of single surfaces and return of reinforcement) - Interface to CADKON (*.esf) ❚ Integration in Revit Structure RFEM provides a direct bidirectional connection to Revit Structure (Autodesk). It is possible to import analytical models from Revit Structure as well as to update modifications in Revit Structure.

Remark: RSTAB and RFEM provide application programming interfaces (API) allowing for access to geometry, load data and results as well as to further functions of RSTAB/RFEM. For detailed information, see the text for RS/RFCOM in this product description.

- Interface to CAD programs such as Tekla Structures, ProSteel 3D, Advance Steel, bocad, cadwork and Intergraph Frameworks based on files ❚

Integration in Tekla Structures Round-trip Engineering by using analytical model

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Integration in ProSteel 3D direct bidirectional data exchange by plug-in

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Integration in AutoCAD direct bidirectional data exchange based on DXF format

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Special interfaces in RFEM In RFEM, the following data based interfaces are additionally available:

- Interface to Glaser ISB-CAD with Round-trip Engineering functionality (import of geometry and reinforcement)

Direct interface to Revit Structure for direct exchange of files

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Designed with Dlubal Software...

New Building for Biomass Power Plant Schilling GmbH One of the most modern power stations for energy production based on renewable resources can be found in Schwendi, Southern Germany. Following the design of the Milan architect Matteo Thun, an architecturally sophisticated framework consisting of reinforced concrete, steel and timber has been created. The plant building including storage consists of a transparent structure with suspended casing and revolving balcony planes. It is based on strip foundations. The steel skeleton con-struction, holding a crane runway additionally, has a grid of 5.40 x 5.40 m and overall dimensions of 21.60 x 21.60 m. The doomed roof consists of a glued-laminated timber structure. The building is more than 24 m high and has a radius of approx. 36 m. The structural framework was planned in cooperation with the project-leading engineering office Baur and the local engineering office Guter which was already participating in preplanning and in the modeling process. The planning work was enormously pressed for time. It started in January 2007, scheduling the completion date in July 2008. The structure was modeled as a spatial RSTAB model consisting of approx. 1000 nodes, 2000 members, 54 crosssections and four types of material. The self-weight is approx. 225 tons. Due to the 3D calculation, the load bearing capacity of the different stiffening shear walls and stiffness ratios (outside balconies as wall, compression and tension rings in roof area, vertical and horizontal bracings as well as horizontal connection to the solid construction by using composite beams) could be determined close to reality. The framework was calculated according to the second-order analysis by using imperfections. In addition to RSTAB, further Dlubal modules were used: STEEL, RSIMP, LTB, FE-LTB, EL-PL, RSBUCK, TIMBER.

The biomass power plant in Schwendi under construction

Analysis model in RSTAB

Companies participating in construction:

Building Owner:

Bio Kraftwerk Schilling GmbH Schillingstraße 22 88477 Schwendi Germany www.schilling-holz.de Architect/Design:

Matteo Thun Via appiani 9 20121 Milano Italy www.matteothun.com

Structural and Final Planning, Construction Management:

Ingenieurbüro Rudolf Baur Poststraße 54 88489 Wain, Germany www.buerobaur.de Structural Planning for Steel and Timber Construction:

Ingenieurbüro Georg Guter 88480 Stetten Uhlandring 22, Germany [email protected] Energy System Planning:

Gammel Engineering An den Sandwellen 114 93326 Abensberg, Germany www.gammel.de

Designed with Dlubal Software...

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Hotel in Marina of Kressbronn-Gohren at Lake Constance The marina hotel is situated between Friedrichshafen and Lindau, on Lake Constance, one of the most attractive regions in Germany. However, this exclusive location offers some structural challenges which must be considered in the planning. For example, actions due to wind and earthquakes are considerably increased in the area around the lake. The entire design of the multi-story hotel has been carried out in a spatial FEA model of RFEM. In addition to the load cases self-weight, live load, snow and wind, equivalent seismic loads have been taken into account. The building consisting of several segments is stiffened by reinforced concrete frames and a staircase core. Due to the construction's shape and the requirement to determine the natural frequencies, it had been obvious that a spatial calculation would be advantageous. The hotel has a length of 40.9 m, a width of 32 m and a height of 15.7 m. The total weight is approximately 2100 tons. The structural model consists of 626 nodes, 92 surfaces and 123 members. The FE mesh has 12,758 nodes and 12,923 finite elements. The calculation time for all load cases (linear analysis) was about 30 seconds.

Hotel at marina under construction

Analysis model in RFEM

Mr. Rohmer, responsible structural engineer: "The multi-story hotel building is located in the seismic zone 2. Due to the use of RFEM, the complex geometry could be modeled and calculated realistically. With the help of the add-on module RF-DYNAM, seismic design was not a problem. With a conventional analysis, this structure wouldn't have been calculated so close to reality. Increased construction costs would have been the result.

Companies participating in construction: Building Owner:

Meichle + Mohr GmbH Wassersportzentrum 88079 Kressbronn-Gohren, Germany Architect/Design:

Götz Siegmann Mühlstr. 8A 88085 Langenargen, Germany Project Management:

Ugo Mordasini Kirchstr. 4 88085 Langenargen, Germany

Contractor:

Fa. Georg Reisch GmbH & Co. KG Schwarzachstr. 21 88348 Bad Saulgau, Germany Structural Analysis:

Ing.-Büro für Baustatik Anton Rohmer Straßäckerweg 20 D-88471 Laupheim Germany Tel. 07392/10011 Fax 07392/10012 www.statik-rohmer.de

About us

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Dlubal Engineering Software, Your Partner for Statics and Dynamics RSTAB and RFEM, Frameworks and Finite Elements For nearly 20 years, Dlubal Engineering Software has been developing programs for statics and dynamics. Right from the start, the success of our programs and company is based on three fundamental factors. ❚

Intuitive and easy-to-learn usability 

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Efficient analysis due to high technical standards 

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Low Learning Curve RFEM connection node of a steel column for a gas station roof, IB Schieder, Weiden i. d. Opf. (Germany)

Time and Cost Advantages

Quick and qualified technical service for customers 

Satisfied Software Users

These three factors have led to the ever-increasing acceptance of our programs in Germany and all over the world. Today, over 6,800 users of various fields where structural analysis is required are trusting Dlubal products. High quality standards, software flexibility for different requirements in structural projects as well as the desire to invest in an independent and future-thinking software company are only a few reasons why the number of Dlubal users is steadily increasing. Our program package is the most appropriate analysis software for both the one-person engineering office and the large planning agency. Due to its intuitive nature, the software is also ideal for occasional use when time cannot be spent on "relearning" software. Therefore, many colleges and universities are among our users.

Structural model for the roof of the Central Stadium in Leipzig, form TL ingenieure (http://www.form-tl.de)

The perfect balance between price and performance combined with the excellent customer service provided by Dlubal Engineering Software make

our programs an essential tool for anyone involved in the areas of statics, dynamics and design.

An Overview of the Company Since its creation in 1987, Dlubal Engineering Software deals with the development and service of software used for structural analysis. The main program RSTAB was actually one of the first spatial framework programs and promptly spread in use in Germany. The young company grew very quickly. With the creation of Dlubal s.r.o. in Prague, the cornerstone for a powerful development team was laid. During the construction boom of the 1990s, the company made significant advances in German-speaking countries and beyond. New program modules were rapidly introduced, followed by an FEM solution for the civil engineering market. The names "Dlubal" and "RSTAB" have become synonyms for structural analysis software because of its quality and efficiency. The software's recipe for success lies in its simple handling, allowing immediate application to current projects. Fine technical details add to the programs' usability. At the point where other software programs meet their limits, Dlubal software shows the strength of its flexibility. Due to a close relationship to our customers and helpful suggestions from our users, we are generating practical software. In order to realize useful tips quickly, a team of experienced engineers, specializing in steel, reinforced concrete and timber construction, is looking for fast implementation. Despite the ups and downs in the construction industry, Dlubal Engineering Software is growing. The company keeps introducing innovative products and gaining market share, including new customers worldwide.

www.dlubal.com

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Extending the existing program families according to the current needs of our customers

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Open-sourcing our software so that programs can be optimally implemented in the existing workflow of customers

To achieve these objectives, we are taking part in several trade fairs and seminars. An overview of these events can be seen on our website at www.dlubal.com.

Dlubal office in Tiefenbach, Germany

Many engineering offices, planning agencies, companies and groups are already using Dlubal software. Some of them can be found in the reference list at the end of this booklet.

Objectives

Im The general conditions of software development are changing regularly and quickly. This is also true for civil engineering offices where changing standards and new technical possibilities for structural analysis must be accommodated. In addition to the assurance of our leading position in the core markets, the following objectives are of primary importance: ❚

The ever-changing building standards in structural analysis require an international and powerful company. Dlubal Engineering Software rises to this challenge and is implementing international standards as well as Eurocodes step by step.

Dlubal office in Prague, Czech Republic

Some Company Details Employees in Tiefenbach, Germany: 23

(sales, support, development) Employees in Prague: 90 (development, sales)

Dlubal Engineering Software is an independent company concentrating mainly on the customers' needs rather than following strategic plans of the larger software market.

Number of license holders: approx. 7000 Customers all over the world:

German, Austria, Switzerland, UK, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Portugal, Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Slovenia, Greece, Turkey, Italy, USA, Canada, South Korea, Brazil, Peru, China, Russia...

References

www.dlubal.de

Many Companies Already Trust in Dlubal Software Nothing is more important to us than satisfied customers. We are also proud that recommendations of colleagues who already work with Dlubal software continue to call attention to our programs. Perhaps you know one or more of the companies listed below so that you can try to find out first hand how customers are satisfied with our software, our customer support and the performance of programs. Users from different countries: A.R.C.H.- Art, ALSANCAK/YZMYR, TÜRKEI ACS, SENEFFE, (B) Adviesbureau Luning BV, HC DOETINCHEM, (NL) Aepli & Co Stahlbau, GOSSAU, (CH) Ahmadiah Contracting & Trading Co., SAFAT, (KWT) ALPI AG, WELSBERG, (I) Alpine-Energie Deutschland GmbH, BIBERACH AN DER RISS, (GER) ALSTOM, (GER) Al-Watani Factory For Fiberglass Co., (KWT) AMTE, ATHENS, (GR) Anzeljc, LJUBLJANA, (SLO) Arborescence, BOURG-ST-MAURICE, (F) Arcelor Bauteile GmbH, BREHNA, (GER) AREVA, PARIS, (F) Assmann Beraten + Planen GmbH, BRAUNSCHWEIG, (GER) Audi AG, INGOLSTADT, (GER) B&W Mechanical Handling, CAMBRIDGESHIRE, (GB) Babcock Borsig Power Service GmbH, OBERHAUSEN, (GER) BASF AG, LUDWIGSHAFEN, (GER) Bilfinger Berger, WIESBADEN, (GER) Blohm + Voss Nordseewerke GmbH, HAMBURG, (GER) BMW AG, MÜNCHEN, (GER) Bögl GmbH & Co KG, SENGENTHAL, (GER) Bondt Trencin s.r.o., TRENCIN, (SK) Cern, GENEVE 23, (CH) CH2M Hill, SINGAPORE, SINGAPORE China Tianjin OTIS Elevator, 300180, (VR) CNPEC China Nuclear Power, SHENZHEN CITY, VOLKSREPUBLIK CHINA Company Integrated Design Engineers, SEATTLE, USA CTI Systems S. A., LENTZWEILER, (L) Damiani Legnami Spa, BRESSANONE, (I) Danish Maritime Institute, LYNGBY , (DK) DB Deutsche Bahn GmbH, BERLIN , (GER) de Bondt Aveco Holding bv, AE RUSSEN, (NL)

DEKRA Automobil GmbH, BERLIN, (GER) Demag Cranes & Components, (GER) Dexion, RASNOW, BRASOV, RUMÄNIEN DPC Consulting Engineers, SINGAPORE DS Stålkonstruktion A/S, HOBRO, (DK) EADS Deutschland, IMMENSTAAD, (GER) Efacec Automação e Robótica S.A.,

MOREIRA DA MAIA, (P) Ellimetal N. V., MEEUWEN, (B) Elsamprojekt A/S, FREDERICA, (DK) Elu Konsult AB, DANDERYD, (S) Engesvik AS, RANHEIM, (N) Equilibrium Consulting Inc., V5Y-3X2, (CA) FAM Polska Spolka z.o.o. Fast & Epp, V6J1G1, (CA) Fentek Marine Systems UK, MALMESBURY, (GB)

Finnforest Merk GmbH, AICHACH, (GER) FRAMATOME ANP, (GER) Frener & Reifer, BRIXEN, (I) Fritsch + Chiari, VIENNA, (A) Germanischer Lloyd AG, HAMBURG, (GER) Glasscon SA, SINDOS-THESSALONIKI, (GR) Gömeçlioglu, LEVENT-ISTANBUL, (TR) Gradis d.o.o., MARIBOR, (SLO) Grebner GmbH, MAINZ, (GER) Gruner, BASEL, SCHWEIZ Gulf Shade, ISA TOWN, (BRN) GVC Energy Services Germanischer Lloyd, Navi Mumbai, INDIEN Haakon Ltd., K7P 2T3, (CA) Halcrow Yolles, TORONTO ON, CANADA Happold, BERLIN, (GER) Hesse-Noord Natie N. V., ANTWERPEN, (B) Hoesch Bausysteme GmbH, VIENNA, (A) Holzbau A. G., BRIXEN, (I) IB Program d.o.o., LJUBLJANA, (SLO) IBB, HEINERSCHEID, (L) IMKO Ljubljana d.o.o., CRNUCE, (SLO) Industrial Development, BA TERBAND, (NL) IV-Bouw B.V., CD PAPENDRECHT, (NE) Iv-Groep B.V., PAPENDRECHT, (NE) JLG Industries, Inc, McConnellsburg, (USA) JML UAE LLC, DUBAI, VEREINIGTE ARABISCHE EMIRATE K & K tech Ltd., CHALANDRI, ATHENS, (GR) Kaas A/S, RODEKRO, (DK) Karanikolaou, NEA IONIA, ATHENS, (GR) KM Engenharia Ltda., (BRA) Knudsen A/S, RISSKOV, (DK) Kortes, HELSINKI, (FI) Krones, NEUTRAUBLING, (GER) Larson Engineering of Missouri, (USA) Lestmarket, MOSCOW, (RUS) Letrona AG, FRILTSCHEN, (CH) Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH, BIBERACH AN DER RISS, (GER) Limträteknik AB, FALUN, (S) Linde - KCA Dresden, DRESDEN, (GER) Linden, ST. VITH, (B) Lloyds Register, LONDON, GREAT BRITAIN Lloyd's Register, LONDON, (GB) Makrigianni & Chazidaki, ELEFSIS, (GR) MAN B&W Diesel AG, AUGSBURG, (GER) Mantelos, LARISSA, (GR) Markogiannopoylos, VOLOS, (GR) Master Trade d.o.o., KRSKO, (SLO) Maurer Söhne GmbH & Co. KG, MUNICH, (GER) Mero Structures Inc., Menomonee Falls, (USA)

MERO-TSK International GmbH & Co. KG, WÜRZBURG, (GER) MTE Consultants, BURLINGTON, ONTARIO, CANADA Natform PTY Ltd., 2007, (AUT) Nilkamal BITO, MUMBAI 400093, INDIEN Niras Polska, KRAKOW, (PL) Nokran, MARIBOR, (SLO) OTIS w/w Escalator, VIENNA, (A) Paraskevas Georgiou, LARNACA, (CY) PERI GmbH, WEISSENHORN, (GER)

Permasteelisa Central Europe GmbH, WÜRZBURG, (GER) Pfleiderer AG, NEUMARKT, (GER) Projekt "T" inzenring, LENDAVA, (SLO) Q-Cells International GmbH, BITTERFELDWOLFEN, (GER) Quality Services Ltd. Gardasanic, FT. LAUDERDALE, (USA) Raadschelders Bouwadvies b.v., SPAARNDAM, (NE) Reichelt, EUPEN, (B) S.C: Ingenierie Structurala Zagaican, BUCAREST, (RO) Schroeder et Associes S.A., LUXEMBOURG, (L)

Sector d.o.o., NOVA GORICA, (SLO) Sennebogen Maschinenfabrik GmbH, STRAUBING, (GER) Siemens AG, (GER) Siv ing. Arne Vaslag AS, MELHUS, (N) SJB Kempter Fitze AG, HERISAU, (CH) SMST designers, PN FRANEKER, (NE) SOM CALCUL Marseille, MARSEILLE, (F) SPX Cooling Technologies, BRUSSELS, (B) SSI Schäfer AG, (GER), (USA), (GB), (CH), (MAL)

Staalbouw-Overpelt, OVERPELT, (B) STATIK d.o.o., IDRIJA, (SLO) STOW International N.V., HASSELT, (B) Structural Integrity Engineering, (AUT) Stutzki Engineering Inc., (USA) Taras, TRENCIN, (SK) Teollisuuden Voima Oy Tvo, OLKIOUOTO, (FIN)

Thekamet Ltd., VOLOS, MAGNISIA, (GR) THY Stal - Byg A/S, THISTED, (DK) ThyssenKrupp Fahrtreppen GmbH, HAMBURG, (GER) Timmers n.v., HOUTHALEN-HELCHTEREN, (B)

Transsystem, LANCUT, (PL) Trimo d.d., TREBNJE, (SLO) Tuchschmid, FRAUENFELD, (CH) TÜV Industrie Service, MUNICH, (GER) Tyréns, STOCKHOLM, (S) Uhde, BAD SODEN, (GER) Umdasch AG, AMSTETTEN, (A) Unger, OBERWART, (A) Uniplan sp., POZNAN, (PL) VAI Praha Engineering, PRAHA 1, (CZ) Vector Foiltec Ltd., LONDON, (GB) Waagner - Biro, VIENNA, (A) Werner Sobek Ingenieure GmbH & Co. KG, (GER), (USA) Windels+Timm+Morgen, HAMBURG, (GER)

Yuanda Europe Ltd., BASEL, (CH) ZTF Inzenierbuve, RIGA, (LV) and more than 6,000 users worldwide

Academic Institutions and Universities: RWTH Aachen, TU Berlin, Slovak University Bratislava (SK), TU Cottbus, TU Dresden, TU Hamburg-Harburg, Uni Hannover, Uni Innsbruck (A), FH Kärnten (A), Uni Karlsruhe, TU Munich, Lycée technique Josy Barthel, Mamer (L), EPFL Lausanne (CH), University of Nebraska (USA), CVUT Praha (CZ), Princeton University (USA), TU Vienna (A), Universidad de Sevilla (E), Politechnika Szczeci'nska (PL), Zilinska Univerzita (SK) and many more ...

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